JP4031650B2 - Substrate bonding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Substrate bonding method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4031650B2
JP4031650B2 JP2002055065A JP2002055065A JP4031650B2 JP 4031650 B2 JP4031650 B2 JP 4031650B2 JP 2002055065 A JP2002055065 A JP 2002055065A JP 2002055065 A JP2002055065 A JP 2002055065A JP 4031650 B2 JP4031650 B2 JP 4031650B2
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substrate
substrates
stage
pressure
glass substrate
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JP2003255311A (en
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眞一 荻本
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Shibaura Mechatronics Corp
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Shibaura Mechatronics Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は液晶表示パネルの製造等に用いて好適な基板貼り合わせ方法及び装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
基板貼り合わせ装置は、特願2001-379327に記載の如く、上ガラス基板を保持する上ステージと、下ガラス基板を保持する下ステージと、上ステージと上ステージを包囲する密閉容器と、密閉容器内の圧力を調整する圧力調整装置とを有し、圧力調整装置による減圧下にて上ガラス基板と下ガラス基板を接着剤を介して貼り合わせ、上ガラス基板と下ガラス基板の間に液晶を封止可能とする。
【0003】
上下のガラス基板は、液晶表示精度を向上するため、高精度に位置合わせする必要がある。従来技術では、上下のガラス基板の貼り合わせの前にそれらの位置合わせを行なっている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来技術では、上下のガラス基板を貼り合わせるときに、位置合わせしてあった上下のガラス基板が面方向に位置ずれしてしまうことがある。この原因としては、上下のステージの水平度、互いの平行度の不良、機械の剛性等が考えられる。
【0005】
本発明の課題は、上下の基板の貼り合わせ精度を向上させることにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の発明は、上基板と下基板を接着剤を介して貼り合わせた後、上基板と下基板の相対位置ずれ状態を検出し、検出結果に基づいて両基板の相対位置ずれを修正する動作を選択実行する基板貼り合わせ方法であって、上基板と下基板の貼り合わせ時には、両基板のそれぞれを減圧雰囲気中で上ステージと下ステージのそれぞれに静電力で保持し、貼り合わせ後の位置ずれ修正動作実行時には、両基板の周囲雰囲気を所定の圧力まで昇圧させた状態で、両基板のそれぞれを上ステージと下ステージのそれぞれに真空吸着力で保持するようにしたものである。
【0007】
請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明において更に、上基板と下基板の位置合わせ動作を、両基板の周囲雰囲気が大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なうようにしたものである。
【0008】
請求項3の発明は、上基板を静電力にて保持する上ステージと、下基板を静電力にて保持する下ステージと、上ステージと下ステージを包囲する密閉容器と、密閉容器内の圧力を調整する圧力調整装置とを有し、圧力調整装置による減圧下にて上基板と下基板を接着剤を介して貼り合わせる基板貼り合わせ装置であって、上ステージと下ステージに設けられる真空吸着装置と、貼り合わされた上基板と下基板の相対位置ずれ状態を検出する検出装置と、上ステージと下ステージを基板の面方向で相対移動させる移動装置と、圧力調整装置と真空吸着装置と移動装置を制御する制御装置とを有し、制御装置は、上基板と下基板が貼り合わされた後、圧力調整装置により密閉容器内の雰囲気を昇圧させるとともに、真空吸着装置を制御して上基板、下基板をそれぞれ上ステージ、下ステージに吸着保持させ、かつ検出装置による検出結果に基づき両基板の相対位置ずれを修正するように移動装置を制御するようにしたものである。
【0009】
請求項4の発明は、請求項3の発明において更に、前記制御装置は、前記真空吸着装置並びに前記移動装置に対する前記制御を、前記検出装置による検出結果に基づき選択実行させるようにしたものである。
【0010】
請求項5の発明は、請求項3又は4の発明において更に、制御装置が、移動装置による上基板と下基板の位置合わせ動作を、両基板の周囲雰囲気が圧力調整装置により大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なうようにしたものである。
【0013】
【作用】
請求項1の発明によれば下記(a) (c)の作用がある。
(a)上下の基板の貼り合わせ後に相対位置ずれ状態を検出し、検出した相対位置ずれ状態を修正するものであるから、上下のステージの水平度、互いの平行度の不良、機械の剛性等に関係なく、上下の基板を高精度で貼り合わせることができる。
【0015】
(b)上下の基板の貼り合わせ時には、両基板のそれぞれを減圧雰囲気中で上下のステージに静電力で保持する。静電力により減圧雰囲気中でも確実に保持できる。また、減圧雰囲気中で貼り合わせることにより、封止された液晶中に空気が入らず、液晶表示精度を向上できる。
【0016】
(c)貼り合わせ後の位置ずれ修正時には、両基板の周囲雰囲気を昇圧させた状態で、両基板のそれぞれを上下のステージに静電力より大きな真空吸着力で保持する。昇圧雰囲気の中では真空吸着力を用いることができ、上ステージとそれに保持される上基板との間、及び下ステージとそれに保持される下基板との間に充分な保持力を及ぼして位置ずれを安定的に修正できる。
【0017】
請求項の発明によれば下記(d)の作用がある。
(d)上述(c)の上下の基板の位置合わせ動作は、両基板の周囲雰囲気が大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なう。大気圧により上下の基板が加圧されて動きにくくなる前に容易に位置ずれ修正できる。
【0018】
請求項の発明によれば下記(e)の作用がある。
(e)前述(a) (c)を実現する基板貼り合わせ装置を提供できる。
【0019】
請求項の発明によれば下記(f)の作用がある。
(f)前述(a) (c)を実現する基板貼り合わせ装置を提供できる。
【0020】
請求項の発明によれば下記(g)の作用がある。
(g)前述(d)を実現する基板貼り合わせ装置を提供できる。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は基板貼り合わせ装置を示す模式図、図2は図1に示す基板貼り合わせ装置における制御系統を示すブロック図である。
【0022】
基板貼り合わせ装置10は、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を接着剤(シール剤)を介して貼り合わせ、この基板1、2の間で、接着剤に囲まれる領域に液晶を封止したセル(液晶表示パネル)を製造するものである。
【0023】
基板貼り合わせ装置10は、架台11に密閉容器20と、昇降装置30と、移動装置40と、上ステージ51と、下ステージ52と、圧力調整装置60とを有する。
【0024】
密閉容器20は、上下のチャンバ21、22を有する。架台11の上部構造体12には昇降シリンダ23が固定され、昇降シリンダ23に昇降フレーム24を吊下げ支持し、昇降フレーム24に上チャンバ21をチャンバ昇降シリンダ26を介して吊下げ支持している。架台11の下部構造体13の天板13Aに下チャンバ22を固定している。密閉容器20は、昇降シリンダ23、26により上チャンバ21が下降されることにて上チャンバ21が下チャンバ22に対し閉じたとき、上チャンバ21と下チャンバ22の内部に下部構造体13の天板13A及び後述する可撓隔壁部材36、44とともに密閉空間25を区画形成し、上ステージ51と下ステージ52を包囲可能とする。密閉容器20は、昇降シリンダ23、26により上チャンバ21及び上ステージ51が上昇されることにて上チャンバ21及び上ステージ51が下チャンバ22及び下ステージ52に対して開かれたとき、前工程から移送されてくる上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を上チャンバ21と下チャンバ22の間に導入可能とし、それらのガラス基板1、2は上ステージ51、下ステージ52に保持可能とされる。
【0025】
昇降装置30は、上ステージ51を昇降可能とする。昇降フレーム24には昇降モータ31が固定され、昇降モータ31に結合されるボールねじ32にはボールナット33を介して昇降台34が吊下げられ、昇降台34には結合部材35を介して上ステージ51が支持される。昇降装置30は、昇降モータ31の正逆転により上ステージ51を昇降させる。昇降台34と上チャンバ21は結合部材35の周囲で可撓隔壁部材36により連結され、密閉容器20が昇降台34の下面及び可撓隔壁部材36とともに区画形成する密閉空間25に上ステージ51と結合部材35を配置する。
【0026】
移動装置40は、下ステージ52を上ステージ51に対し、それらが保持する上ガラス基板1、下ガラス基板2の面方向で相対移動させる。架台11の下部構造体13において、天板13Aから下方に離隔する底板13BにはXYテーブル41が設置され、XYテーブル41の上にはθテーブル42が設置され、θテーブル42には結合部材43を介して下ステージ52が支持される。XYテーブル41はX方向駆動モータとY方向駆動モータによりX方向とY方向に移動し、θテーブル42はθ駆動モータ42Aにより旋回移動する。移動装置40は、XYテーブル41とθテーブル42の作動により、下ステージ52をX方向、Y方向に移動するとともに、旋回移動する。θテーブル42と下部構造体13の天板13Aは結合部材43の周囲で可撓隔壁部材44により連結され、密閉容器20が下部構造体13の天板13A、θテーブル42の上面及び可撓隔壁部材44とともに区画形成する密閉空間25に下ステージ52と結合部材43を配置する。
【0027】
上ステージ51は上ガラス基板1を静電力にて保持する静電吸着板51Aを有する。また上ステージ51には、真空源53に接続された真空供給管53Aを上チャンバ21に貫通配管し、この真空供給管53Aを上ステージ51の静電吸着板51Aに設けた多数の吸着孔(不図示)に連通し、上ガラス基板1を真空吸着力で保持可能とする真空吸着装置が形成される。
【0028】
下ステージ52は下ガラス基板2を静電力にて保持する静電吸着板52Aを有する。また、下ステージ52には、真空源54に接続された真空供給管54Aを下チャンバ22に貫通配管し、この真空供給管54Aを下ステージ52の静電吸着板52Aに設けた多数の吸着孔(不図示)に連通し、下ガラス基板2を真空吸着力で保持可能とする真空吸着装置が形成される。
【0029】
圧力調整装置60は密閉容器20が形成した密閉空間25の圧力を調整する。真空源61に接続された真空供給管61Aが架台11の下部構造体13の天板13A(又は下チャンバ22)から密閉空間25に連通され、密閉空間25を減圧可能とする。空気源(又はN源)62に接続された空気供給管62Aが架台11の下部構造体13の天板13A(又は下チャンバ22)から密閉空間25に連通され、密閉空間25を大気圧に昇圧可能とする。上チャンバ21の密閉空間25に臨む位置には圧力センサ63が配置され、密閉空間25の圧力を検出する。
【0030】
基板貼り合わせ装置10は検出装置を構成するカメラ70を有する。カメラ70は、天板13Aに設けたのぞき窓13Cから下ステージ52の貫通孔52Cを通して上ステージ51、下ステージ52に保持されている上ガラス基板1、下ガラス基板2の各コーナー部に設けられている位置合わせマークを撮像し、同じく検出装置を構成する画像処理装置71(図2)により上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の相対位置ずれ状態を検出する。尚、カメラ70は基板1、2の各コーナー部に対応して1つずつ配置される。
【0031】
基板貼り合わせ装置10は制御装置80を有する。制御装置80は、検出装置の検出結果に基づき、昇降装置30、移動装置40、上ステージ51と下ステージ52の静電吸着板51A、52A及び真空吸着装置、圧力調整装置60を以下の基板貼り合わせ手順で制御し、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を貼り合わせる。
【0032】
(1)昇降シリンダ23により上チャンバ21及び上ステージ51を上昇させ、上チャンバ21及び上ステージ51を下チャンバ22及び下ステージ52から離隔させて、上ガラス基板1及び下ガラス基板2をそれらのチャンバ21、22の間に順次導入する。下ガラス基板2は接着剤に囲まれる領域に予め必要量の液晶が供給充填されている。上ステージ51の静電吸着板51Aにより上ガラス基板1を静電力で保持し、下ステージ52の静電吸着板52Aにより下ガラス基板2を静電力で保持する。
【0033】
このとき、上ステージ51と下ステージ52の真空吸着装置を作動させることにより上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2に対し真空吸着力を及ぼしても良い。但し、この真空吸着力は、下記(2)の密閉空間25の減圧下では無効になる。
【0034】
(2)密閉容器20の昇降シリンダ23、26により上チャンバ21を下チャンバ22に対して閉じ、上ステージ51と下ステージ52を包囲する密閉空間25を形成する。続いて、圧力調整装置60の真空供給管61Aを開放し密閉空間25内の雰囲気を真空状態に減圧する。このとき、上ステージ51と下ステージ52との間には、XY方向で相対移動が可能となるように所定の間隙が形成されている。
【0035】
(3)カメラ70により、上ステージ51に保持されている上ガラス基板1と、下ステージ52に保持されている下ガラス基板2のそれぞれに設けられている位置合わせマークを撮像し、この画像情報に基づいて、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を位置合わせする。この位置合わせは、移動装置40のXYテーブル41、θテーブル42により行なう。
【0036】
(4)昇降装置30の昇降モータ31により上ステージ51を下降し、上述(2)の圧力調整装置60による減圧下で上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を接着剤を介して仮貼り合わせする。
【0037】
(5)上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の仮貼り合わせ後、圧力調整装置60の真空供給管61Aを閉じ、空気供給管62Aを開放し密閉空間25内の雰囲気を昇圧させる。圧力センサ63の検出圧力が所定圧力に到達したら、空気供給管62Aを閉じるとともに上ステージ51と下ステージ52の静電吸着板51A、52Aによる静電力をオフし、真空吸着装置51B、52Bによる真空吸着力をオンし、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を真空吸着力で保持する。
【0038】
このとき、上ステージ51と下ステージ52は、静電吸着板51A、52Aによる静電力をオンし続け、真空吸着装置51B、52Bによる真空吸着力を合わせオンし、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を静電吸着力と真空吸着力で保持しても良い。
【0039】
(6)カメラ70により、上ステージ51に保持されている上ガラス基板1と、下ステージ52に保持されている下ガラス基板2のそれぞれに設けられている位置合わせマークを撮像し、この画像情報に基づいて、仮貼り合わせ状態にある上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2を再位置合わせする。即ち、仮貼り合わせ後の上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の相対位置ずれ状態をカメラ70による画像情報に基づいて検出し、検出結果に基づいて両ガラス基板1、2の相対位置ずれを修正する動作を実行する。この位置ずれ修正動作は、移動装置40のXYテーブル41、θテーブル42により行なう。
【0040】
このとき、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の仮貼り合わせの度に、相対位置ずれ状態があれば修正動作し、なければ修正動作しない。
【0041】
但し、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の仮貼り合わせ後に検出された相対位置ずれ状態が許容値を超えたことを条件に修正動作を選択実行するものでも良い。
【0042】
また、移動装置40のXYテーブル41、θテーブル42による位置ずれ修正動作の実行は、密閉空間25内にある両ガラス基板1、2の周囲雰囲気を前述(5)の如く所定の圧力まで昇圧させた状態で、両ガラス基板1、2のそれぞれを上ステージ51と下ステージ52のそれぞれに前述の如くの真空吸着力で保持して行なう。
【0043】
このとき、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の位置合わせ動作は、両ガラス基板1、2の周囲雰囲気が大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なうことが好ましい。
【0044】
(7)上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の再位置合わせ後、圧力調整装置60の空気供給管62Aを再び開放し、密閉空間25内の圧力が大気圧に昇圧されたことを圧力センサ63により確認した後、上ステージ51と下ステージ52の吸着力をオフするとともに、密閉容器20の昇降シリンダ23、26及び昇降モータ31により上チャンバ21及び上ステージ51を上昇させ、上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の貼り合わせによって製作されたセルを密閉容器20の外に取出す。上チャンバ21の上昇の後、空気供給管62Aを閉じる。また、上ステージ51と下ステージ52の吸着力をオフする前に、UV光照射装置や加熱装置で上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の接着剤を硬化させても良い。
【0045】
本実施形態によれば、以下の作用がある。
▲1▼上下のガラス基板1、2の貼り合わせ後に相対位置ずれ状態を検出し、検出した相対位置ずれ状態を修正するものであるから、上下のステージ51、52の水平度、互いの平行度の不良、機械の剛性等に関係なく、上下のガラス基板1、2を高精度で貼り合わせることができる。
【0046】
▲2▼上述▲1▼で、検出した相対位置ずれ状態が許容値を超えたときにのみ修正動作を選択実行することにより、修正動作を貼り合わせの度に行なう必要がなく、生産性を向上できる。
【0047】
▲3▼上下のガラス基板1、2の貼り合わせ時には、両ガラス基板1、2のそれぞれを減圧雰囲気中で上下のステージ51、52に静電力で保持する。静電力により減圧雰囲気中でも確実に保持できる。また、減圧雰囲気中で貼り合わせることにより、封止された液晶中に空気が入らず、液晶表示精度を向上できる。
【0048】
貼り合わせ後の位置ずれ修正時には、両基板の周囲雰囲気を昇圧させた状態で、両基板のそれぞれを上下のステージ51、52に静電力より大きな真空吸着力で保持する。昇圧雰囲気の中では真空吸着力を用いることができ、上ステージ51とそれに保持された上ガラス基板1との間及び下ステージ52とそれに保持された下ガラス基板2との間に充分な保持力を及ぼして位置ずれを安定的に修正できる。
【0049】
▲4▼上述▲3▼の上下のガラス基板1、2の位置合わせ動作は、両基板の周囲雰囲気が大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なう。そこで、両ガラス基板1、2間の接着剤で囲まれた領域(空間)内の圧力(真空圧)と両基板1、2の周囲雰囲気との差圧に基づき両基板1、2に作用する加圧力が極力小さい状態で、かつ、上下のステージ51、52と上下のガラス基板1、2との間に充分な真空吸着力を及ぼした状態で上下のガラス基板1、2の相対的な位置ずれを修正することができる。このため、大気圧下で上下のガラス基板1、2の位置ずれを修正する場合に比べて容易に位置ずれ修正できる。
【0050】
▲5▼前述▲1▼〜▲4▼を実現する基板貼り合わせ装置10を提供できる。
以上、本発明の実施の形態を図面により詳述したが、本発明の具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても本発明に含まれる。例えば、本発明が適用される基板は、ガラス基板に限らず、樹脂基板でも良い。
【0051】
また、密閉容器20内の真空雰囲気を大気圧に昇圧させる過程において密閉容器20内が所定圧力に到達した時点で空気供給管62Aを閉じ、その圧力状態下において仮貼り合せされた上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の相対位置ずれを修正し、その後、再び空気供給管62Aを開放して密閉容器20内を大気圧まで昇圧させる例で説明したが、これに限られるものではなく、仮貼り合せされた上ガラス基板1と下ガラス基板2の相対位置ずれの修正を行なう間も、空気源62による密閉容器20内の昇圧を継続して行なうようにしても良い。
【0052】
また、接着剤は、シール剤に限らず、シール性を有していない接着剤を用いることも可能である。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、上下の基板の貼り合わせ精度を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は基板貼り合わせ装置を示す模式図である。
【図2】図2は図1に示す基板貼り合わせ装置における制御系統を示すブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1 上ガラス基板(上基板)
2 下ガラス基板(下基板)
10 基板貼り合わせ装置
20 密閉容器
40 移動装置
51 上ステージ
51A 静電吸着板
52 下ステージ
52A 静電吸着板
60 圧力調整装置
61A 真空供給管
62A 空気供給管
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a substrate bonding method and apparatus suitable for use in manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-379327, a substrate bonding apparatus includes an upper stage that holds an upper glass substrate, a lower stage that holds a lower glass substrate, a sealed container that surrounds the upper stage and the upper stage, and a sealed container A pressure adjusting device that adjusts the internal pressure, and the upper glass substrate and the lower glass substrate are bonded together with an adhesive under reduced pressure by the pressure adjusting device, and a liquid crystal is placed between the upper glass substrate and the lower glass substrate. It can be sealed.
[0003]
The upper and lower glass substrates need to be aligned with high accuracy in order to improve liquid crystal display accuracy. In the prior art, the upper and lower glass substrates are aligned before bonding.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art, when the upper and lower glass substrates are bonded together, the aligned upper and lower glass substrates may be displaced in the surface direction. This may be due to the level of the upper and lower stages, poor parallelism, machine rigidity, and the like.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to improve the bonding accuracy of upper and lower substrates.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, after the upper substrate and the lower substrate are bonded together with an adhesive, the relative displacement between the upper substrate and the lower substrate is detected, and the relative displacement between the two substrates is corrected based on the detection result. The substrate bonding method that selectively performs the operation to be performed. When the upper substrate and the lower substrate are bonded, each substrate is held in the reduced pressure atmosphere by the electrostatic force on the upper stage and the lower stage, and after the bonding When the misregistration correction operation is performed, both substrates are held by the upper stage and the lower stage with a vacuum suction force in a state where the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to a predetermined pressure .
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the alignment operation of the upper substrate and the lower substrate is performed in a process in which the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to atmospheric pressure .
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an upper stage for holding the upper substrate with an electrostatic force, a lower stage for holding the lower substrate with an electrostatic force, a sealed container surrounding the upper stage and the lower stage, and a pressure in the sealed container A substrate bonding apparatus for bonding an upper substrate and a lower substrate through an adhesive under reduced pressure by the pressure adjustment device, the vacuum suction provided on the upper stage and the lower stage A device, a detection device that detects a relative displacement state between the bonded upper substrate and lower substrate, a moving device that relatively moves the upper stage and the lower stage in the surface direction of the substrate, a pressure adjusting device, and a vacuum suction device. A control device for controlling the device, and after the upper substrate and the lower substrate are bonded together, the control device boosts the atmosphere in the sealed container by the pressure adjusting device and controls the vacuum adsorption device to control the upper substrate. On the lower substrate respectively stage, in which so as to control the moving device so adsorbed held under the stage, and to correct the relative positional deviation of the substrates on the basis of the detection result by the detecting device.
[0009]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the control device selectively executes the control of the vacuum suction device and the moving device based on a detection result of the detection device. .
[0010]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the control device performs the alignment operation of the upper substrate and the lower substrate by the moving device, and the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to atmospheric pressure by the pressure adjusting device. This is done in the process .
[0013]
[Action]
According to the invention of claim 1, the following actions (a) to (c) are obtained.
(a) Since the relative displacement state is detected after bonding the upper and lower substrates, and the detected relative displacement state is corrected, the level of the upper and lower stages, the parallelism of each other, the rigidity of the machine, etc. Regardless of, the upper and lower substrates can be bonded with high accuracy.
[0015]
(b) At the time of bonding the upper and lower substrates, each of the substrates is held on the upper and lower stages in a reduced pressure atmosphere by electrostatic force. It can be reliably held even in a reduced pressure atmosphere by an electrostatic force. In addition, by bonding in a reduced pressure atmosphere, air does not enter the sealed liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal display accuracy can be improved.
[0016]
(c) When correcting the misalignment after bonding, the substrates are held on the upper and lower stages with a vacuum suction force larger than the electrostatic force in a state where the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased. A vacuum suction force can be used in a pressurized atmosphere, and a sufficient displacement force is exerted between the upper stage and the upper substrate held by the upper stage and between the lower stage and the lower substrate held by the upper stage. Can be corrected stably.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 2 has the following action (d) .
(d) The alignment operation of the upper and lower substrates in (c ) above is performed in the process where the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to atmospheric pressure. The positional deviation can be easily corrected before the upper and lower substrates are pressed by atmospheric pressure and become difficult to move.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 3 has the following effect (e) .
(e) It is possible to provide a substrate bonding apparatus that realizes the above (a) to (c) .
[0019]
The invention of claim 4 has the following effect (f) .
(f) It is possible to provide a substrate bonding apparatus that realizes the above (a) to (c) .
[0020]
The invention according to claim 5 has the following effect (g) .
(g) A substrate bonding apparatus that realizes the above (d) can be provided.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a substrate bonding apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system in the substrate bonding apparatus shown in FIG.
[0022]
The substrate bonding apparatus 10 bonds the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 with an adhesive (sealant), and seals the liquid crystal in a region surrounded by the adhesive between the substrates 1 and 2. A cell (liquid crystal display panel) is manufactured.
[0023]
The substrate bonding apparatus 10 includes a sealed container 20, an elevating device 30, a moving device 40, an upper stage 51, a lower stage 52, and a pressure adjusting device 60 on a gantry 11.
[0024]
The sealed container 20 includes upper and lower chambers 21 and 22. A lift cylinder 23 is fixed to the upper structure 12 of the gantry 11, and a lift frame 24 is suspended and supported on the lift cylinder 23, and the upper chamber 21 is suspended and supported on the lift frame 24 via a chamber lift cylinder 26. . The lower chamber 22 is fixed to the top plate 13A of the lower structure 13 of the gantry 11. When the upper chamber 21 is closed with respect to the lower chamber 22 by the upper chamber 21 being lowered by the elevating cylinders 23, 26, the hermetic container 20 has the ceiling of the lower structure 13 inside the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22. The sealed space 25 is partitioned and formed together with the plate 13A and flexible partition members 36 and 44, which will be described later, so that the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 can be surrounded. When the upper chamber 21 and the upper stage 51 are opened with respect to the lower chamber 22 and the lower stage 52 by the upper chamber 21 and the upper stage 51 being lifted by the elevating cylinders 23 and 26, The upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 transferred from can be introduced between the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22, and the glass substrates 1 and 2 can be held on the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52. .
[0025]
The elevating device 30 can move the upper stage 51 up and down. An elevating motor 31 is fixed to the elevating frame 24, an elevating table 34 is suspended from a ball screw 32 coupled to the elevating motor 31 via a ball nut 33, and an upper surface is coupled to the elevating table 34 via a coupling member 35. The stage 51 is supported. The lifting device 30 moves the upper stage 51 up and down by forward and reverse rotation of the lifting motor 31. The lifting platform 34 and the upper chamber 21 are connected by a flexible partition member 36 around the coupling member 35, and the upper stage 51 is sealed in the sealed space 25 that the sealed container 20 forms with the lower surface of the lifting platform 34 and the flexible partition member 36. The coupling member 35 is disposed.
[0026]
The moving device 40 moves the lower stage 52 relative to the upper stage 51 in the surface direction of the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 that they hold. In the lower structure 13 of the gantry 11, an XY table 41 is installed on the bottom plate 13 B spaced downward from the top plate 13 A, a θ table 42 is installed on the XY table 41, and a coupling member 43 is installed on the θ table 42. The lower stage 52 is supported via The XY table 41 is moved in the X direction and the Y direction by the X direction drive motor and the Y direction drive motor, and the θ table 42 is rotated by the θ drive motor 42A. The moving device 40 moves the lower stage 52 in the X direction and the Y direction as well as turning by the operation of the XY table 41 and the θ table 42. The θ table 42 and the top plate 13A of the lower structure 13 are connected by a flexible partition wall 44 around the coupling member 43, and the sealed container 20 is connected to the top plate 13A of the lower structure 13, the upper surface of the θ table 42, and the flexible partition wall. The lower stage 52 and the coupling member 43 are disposed in the sealed space 25 that is partitioned together with the member 44.
[0027]
The upper stage 51 has an electrostatic attraction plate 51A that holds the upper glass substrate 1 with an electrostatic force. The upper stage 51 is provided with a vacuum supply pipe 53A connected to the vacuum source 53 through the upper chamber 21, and the vacuum supply pipe 53A is provided with a number of suction holes (provided in the electrostatic suction plate 51A of the upper stage 51). A vacuum suction device is formed which communicates with the unillustrated) and can hold the upper glass substrate 1 with a vacuum suction force.
[0028]
The lower stage 52 has an electrostatic attraction plate 52A that holds the lower glass substrate 2 with an electrostatic force. Further, the lower stage 52 is provided with a vacuum supply pipe 54A connected to the vacuum source 54 through the lower chamber 22, and the vacuum supply pipe 54A is provided with a plurality of suction holes provided in the electrostatic suction plate 52A of the lower stage 52. A vacuum suction device that communicates with (not shown) and can hold the lower glass substrate 2 with a vacuum suction force is formed.
[0029]
The pressure adjusting device 60 adjusts the pressure of the sealed space 25 formed by the sealed container 20. A vacuum supply pipe 61 </ b> A connected to the vacuum source 61 is communicated with the sealed space 25 from the top plate 13 </ b> A (or the lower chamber 22) of the lower structure 13 of the gantry 11 so that the sealed space 25 can be decompressed. An air supply pipe 62A connected to an air source (or N 2 source) 62 is communicated with the sealed space 25 from the top plate 13A (or the lower chamber 22) of the lower structure 13 of the gantry 11, and the sealed space 25 is brought to atmospheric pressure. Boosting is possible. A pressure sensor 63 is disposed at a position facing the sealed space 25 of the upper chamber 21 to detect the pressure in the sealed space 25.
[0030]
The substrate bonding apparatus 10 has a camera 70 that constitutes a detection apparatus. The camera 70 is provided at each corner portion of the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 held by the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 from the observation window 13C provided on the top plate 13A through the through hole 52C of the lower stage 52. The image of the alignment mark is picked up, and the relative displacement between the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 is detected by an image processing device 71 (FIG. 2) that also constitutes a detection device. One camera 70 is arranged corresponding to each corner of the substrates 1 and 2.
[0031]
The substrate bonding apparatus 10 has a control device 80. Based on the detection result of the detection device, the control device 80 attaches the lifting and lowering device 30, the moving device 40, the electrostatic suction plates 51 </ b> A and 52 </ b> A of the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52, the vacuum suction device, and the pressure adjustment device 60 to the following substrates The upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are bonded together under the control of the alignment procedure.
[0032]
(1) The upper chamber 21 and the upper stage 51 are raised by the elevating cylinder 23, the upper chamber 21 and the upper stage 51 are separated from the lower chamber 22 and the lower stage 52, and the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are moved to Sequentially introduced between the chambers 21 and 22. The lower glass substrate 2 is previously filled with a necessary amount of liquid crystal in a region surrounded by the adhesive. The upper glass substrate 1 is held by an electrostatic force by the electrostatic adsorption plate 51A of the upper stage 51, and the lower glass substrate 2 is held by an electrostatic force by the electrostatic adsorption plate 52A of the lower stage 52.
[0033]
At this time, a vacuum suction force may be exerted on the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 by operating the vacuum suction devices of the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52. However, this vacuum suction force becomes ineffective under the reduced pressure of the sealed space 25 (2) below.
[0034]
(2) The upper chamber 21 is closed with respect to the lower chamber 22 by the lift cylinders 23 and 26 of the sealed container 20 to form a sealed space 25 surrounding the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52. Subsequently, the vacuum supply pipe 61A of the pressure adjusting device 60 is opened, and the atmosphere in the sealed space 25 is reduced to a vacuum state. At this time, a predetermined gap is formed between the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 so as to enable relative movement in the XY directions.
[0035]
(3) The camera 70 images the alignment marks provided on the upper glass substrate 1 held on the upper stage 51 and the lower glass substrate 2 held on the lower stage 52, and this image information Based on the above, the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are aligned. This alignment is performed using the XY table 41 and the θ table 42 of the moving device 40.
[0036]
(4) The upper stage 51 is lowered by the elevating motor 31 of the elevating device 30, and the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are temporarily bonded via an adhesive under reduced pressure by the pressure adjusting device 60 described in (2) above. .
[0037]
(5) After temporarily bonding the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2, the vacuum supply pipe 61A of the pressure adjusting device 60 is closed, the air supply pipe 62A is opened, and the atmosphere in the sealed space 25 is increased. When the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 63 reaches a predetermined pressure, the air supply pipe 62A is closed and the electrostatic force by the electrostatic suction plates 51A and 52A of the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 is turned off, and the vacuum by the vacuum suction devices 51B and 52B. The suction force is turned on, and the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are held with a vacuum suction force.
[0038]
At this time, the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 continue to turn on the electrostatic force by the electrostatic suction plates 51A and 52A, and turn on the vacuum suction force by the vacuum suction devices 51B and 52B to turn on the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate. 2 may be held by electrostatic adsorption force and vacuum adsorption force.
[0039]
(6) The camera 70 images the alignment marks provided on the upper glass substrate 1 held on the upper stage 51 and the lower glass substrate 2 held on the lower stage 52, and this image information Based on the above, the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 in the temporarily bonded state are realigned. That is, the relative displacement between the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 after temporary bonding is detected based on the image information by the camera 70, and the relative displacement between the glass substrates 1 and 2 is corrected based on the detection result. Perform the action to be performed. This misalignment correcting operation is performed by the XY table 41 and the θ table 42 of the moving device 40.
[0040]
At this time, every time the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 are temporarily bonded, the correction operation is performed if there is a relative displacement state, and the correction operation is not performed if there is a relative displacement state.
[0041]
However, the correction operation may be selected and executed on the condition that the relative displacement state detected after temporary bonding of the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 exceeds an allowable value.
[0042]
Further, when the displacement correction operation is performed by the XY table 41 and the θ table 42 of the moving device 40, the ambient atmosphere of the glass substrates 1 and 2 in the sealed space 25 is increased to a predetermined pressure as described in (5) above. In this state, the glass substrates 1 and 2 are respectively held on the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 with the vacuum suction force as described above.
[0043]
At this time, the alignment operation of the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 is preferably performed in a process in which the ambient atmosphere of both the glass substrates 1 and 2 is increased to atmospheric pressure.
[0044]
(7) After repositioning the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2, the air supply pipe 62A of the pressure adjusting device 60 is opened again, and the pressure sensor 63 indicates that the pressure in the sealed space 25 has been increased to atmospheric pressure. After confirming by the above, the suction force of the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52 is turned off, and the upper chamber 21 and the upper stage 51 are lifted by the lifting cylinders 23 and 26 and the lifting motor 31 of the hermetic container 20, and the upper glass substrate 1 and The cell produced by bonding the lower glass substrate 2 is taken out of the sealed container 20. After the upper chamber 21 is raised, the air supply pipe 62A is closed. In addition, the adhesive between the upper glass substrate 1 and the lower glass substrate 2 may be cured with a UV light irradiation device or a heating device before turning off the adsorption force of the upper stage 51 and the lower stage 52.
[0045]
According to this embodiment, there are the following operations.
(1) Since the relative positional deviation state is detected after the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 are bonded together, and the detected relative positional deviation state is corrected, the horizontality of the upper and lower stages 51 and 52 and the parallelism of each other The upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 can be bonded with high accuracy irrespective of the above-mentioned defects and machine rigidity.
[0046]
(2) By selecting and executing the correction operation only when the detected relative displacement state exceeds the allowable value in the above (1), it is not necessary to perform the correction operation every time the bonding is performed, thereby improving productivity. it can.
[0047]
{Circle around (3)} When the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 are bonded together, both glass substrates 1 and 2 are held on the upper and lower stages 51 and 52 by electrostatic force in a reduced pressure atmosphere. It can be reliably held even in a reduced pressure atmosphere by an electrostatic force. In addition, by bonding in a reduced pressure atmosphere, air does not enter the sealed liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal display accuracy can be improved.
[0048]
When correcting the misalignment after bonding, both substrates are held on the upper and lower stages 51 and 52 with a vacuum suction force larger than the electrostatic force in a state where the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased. A vacuum adsorption force can be used in the pressurized atmosphere, and a sufficient holding force is provided between the upper stage 51 and the upper glass substrate 1 held thereon and between the lower stage 52 and the lower glass substrate 2 held thereby. Can be corrected stably.
[0049]
(4) The alignment operation of the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 in the above (3) is performed in the process in which the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, it acts on both substrates 1 and 2 based on the differential pressure between the pressure (vacuum pressure) in the region (space) surrounded by the adhesive between the glass substrates 1 and 2 and the ambient atmosphere of both substrates 1 and 2. The relative position of the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 in a state where the applied pressure is as small as possible and a sufficient vacuum suction force is exerted between the upper and lower stages 51 and 52 and the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2. Misalignment can be corrected. For this reason, it is possible to easily correct the positional deviation as compared with the case of correcting the positional deviation between the upper and lower glass substrates 1 and 2 under atmospheric pressure.
[0050]
(5) It is possible to provide the substrate bonding apparatus 10 that realizes the above items (1) to (4).
The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Is included in the present invention. For example, the substrate to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a glass substrate, and may be a resin substrate.
[0051]
Further, in the process of raising the vacuum atmosphere in the sealed container 20 to atmospheric pressure, the air supply pipe 62A is closed when the inside of the sealed container 20 reaches a predetermined pressure, and the upper glass substrate 1 temporarily bonded under the pressure state. And the lower glass substrate 2 is corrected, and then the air supply pipe 62A is opened again to increase the pressure inside the sealed container 20 to atmospheric pressure. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is temporarily attached. During the correction of the relative positional deviation between the combined upper glass substrate 1 and lower glass substrate 2, the pressure in the sealed container 20 by the air source 62 may be continuously increased.
[0052]
Further, the adhesive is not limited to the sealing agent, and an adhesive having no sealing property can be used.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the bonding accuracy of the upper and lower substrates can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a substrate bonding apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system in the substrate bonding apparatus shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Upper glass substrate (upper substrate)
2 Lower glass substrate (lower substrate)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Board | substrate bonding apparatus 20 Sealed container 40 Moving apparatus 51 Upper stage 51A Electrostatic adsorption plate 52 Lower stage 52A Electrostatic adsorption board 60 Pressure adjustment apparatus 61A Vacuum supply pipe 62A Air supply pipe

Claims (5)

上基板と下基板を接着剤を介して貼り合わせた後、上基板と下基板の相対位置ずれ状態を検出し、検出結果に基づいて両基板の相対位置ずれを修正する動作を選択実行する基板貼り合わせ方法であって、
上基板と下基板の貼り合わせ時には、両基板のそれぞれを減圧雰囲気中で上ステージと下ステージのそれぞれに静電力で保持し、
貼り合わせ後の位置ずれ修正動作実行時には、両基板の周囲雰囲気を所定の圧力まで昇圧させた状態で、両基板のそれぞれを上ステージと下ステージのそれぞれに真空吸着力で保持する基板貼り合わせ方法。
After the upper and lower substrates were bonded with an adhesive, to detect the relative positional deviation state of the upper and lower substrates, performing selecting operations to correct the relative positional deviation of the substrates on the basis of the detection result of the substrate A pasting method,
At the time of bonding the upper substrate and the lower substrate, each of the two substrates is held in a reduced pressure atmosphere on each of the upper stage and the lower stage with electrostatic force,
Substrate bonding method of holding both substrates with vacuum suction force on each of the upper stage and the lower stage in a state where the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to a predetermined pressure at the time of performing the positional deviation correction operation after bonding. .
上基板と下基板の位置合わせ動作を、両基板の周囲雰囲気が大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なう請求項に記載の基板貼り合わせ方法。The substrate bonding method according to claim 1 , wherein the alignment operation of the upper substrate and the lower substrate is performed in a process in which the ambient atmosphere of both substrates is increased to atmospheric pressure. 上基板を静電力にて保持する上ステージと、下基板を静電力にて保持する下ステージと、上ステージと下ステージを包囲する密閉容器と、密閉容器内の圧力を調整する圧力調整装置とを有し、圧力調整装置による減圧下にて上基板と下基板を接着剤を介して貼り合わせる基板貼り合わせ装置であって、
上ステージと下ステージに設けられる真空吸着装置と、
貼り合わされた上基板と下基板の相対位置ずれ状態を検出する検出装置と、
上ステージと下ステージを基板の面方向で相対移動させる移動装置と、
圧力調整装置と真空吸着装置と移動装置を制御する制御装置とを有し、
制御装置は、上基板と下基板が貼り合わされた後、圧力調整装置により密閉容器内の雰囲気を昇圧させるとともに、真空吸着装置を制御して上基板、下基板をそれぞれ上ステージ、下ステージに吸着保持させ、かつ検出装置による検出結果に基づき両基板の相対位置ずれを修正するように移動装置を制御することを特徴とする基板貼り合わせ装置。
An upper stage for holding the upper substrate with electrostatic force, a lower stage for holding the lower substrate with electrostatic force, a sealed container surrounding the upper stage and the lower stage, and a pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure in the sealed container; A substrate bonding apparatus for bonding an upper substrate and a lower substrate through an adhesive under reduced pressure by a pressure adjusting device,
A vacuum suction device provided on the upper stage and the lower stage;
A detection device for detecting a relative positional deviation state between the bonded upper substrate and lower substrate;
A moving device that relatively moves the upper stage and the lower stage in the direction of the surface of the substrate;
A pressure adjusting device, a vacuum suction device, and a control device for controlling the moving device;
After the upper and lower substrates are bonded together, the control device boosts the atmosphere in the sealed container with the pressure adjustment device and controls the vacuum suction device to adsorb the upper and lower substrates to the upper and lower stages, respectively. A substrate bonding apparatus, wherein the moving apparatus is controlled so as to be held and to correct a relative positional deviation between both substrates based on a detection result of the detection apparatus.
前記制御装置は、前記真空吸着装置並びに前記移動装置に対する前記制御を、前記検出装置による検出結果に基づき選択実行させることを特徴とする請求項に記載の基板貼り合わせ装置。The substrate bonding apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the control device selectively executes the control of the vacuum suction device and the moving device based on a detection result of the detection device. 制御装置が、移動装置による上基板と下基板の位置合わせ動作を、両基板の周囲雰囲気が圧力調整装置により大気圧に昇圧される過程で行なう請求項又はに記載の基板貼り合わせ装置。Controller, the positioning operation of the upper and lower substrates by the mobile device, bonded substrate according to claim 3 or 4 carried out in the course of the ambient atmosphere around the two substrates is boosted to atmospheric pressure by the pressure regulator device.
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