JP4028541B2 - サンプルの化学成分を分析する分析システムおよびその分析方法 - Google Patents
サンプルの化学成分を分析する分析システムおよびその分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/443—Emission spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3577—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
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Description
ここで、Hは、黒体の単色光放出(スペクトルの帯域幅のヘルツ当りのソースの二乗根メータ当りのステラジアン(steradian)当りのユニットで)である。
=α(ν、T)H(ν、T)
=(1−τ(ν、T))H(ν、T) (式2)
従って、サンプル101により発された放射線(蛍光発光は無視)は、プランク関数により調節された、伝送スペクトルτ(ν、T)が有する特性の逆転した特徴を有する。昇温するに従い任意の波長から発されたエネルギーの量も増加し、ピーク発散の波長は減少する。周辺温度290〜300Kにおいて熱的放出の多くは、所謂指紋の中−IR領域に対応する400〜2000cm-1以内の周波数範囲に集中される。このような特徴により、周辺温度でサンプル101の熱的自体放出による成分の存在識別および分量的分析が可能となる。
=ε_water(ν、T)+ε_glucose(ν、T)+・・・ (式3)
ここで、ε_water(ν、T)>>ε_glucose(ν、T)
従って、人体組織E(ν、T)の放出スペクトルは、全ての構成要素の放出スペクトルにおいて本質的に最上位の位置にある。式2とBeerの法則から、
E(ν、T)〜H(ν、T)((1−τ1(ν、T)))+(1−τ2(ν、T)+・・・)
=H(ν、T)((1−exp(−k1(ν、T)lc1))+(1−exp(−k2(ν、T)lc2)+・・・) (式4)
ここで、lは、サンプルの厚さであり、ciはi番目の構成成分の濃度であり、ki(ν、T)は標準化した吸収スペクトル(モル濃度の吸収率)である。
ここで、Kk2(ν、T)は、水からの放出であり、k1(ν、T)およびk2(ν、T)は、グルコースおよび水の標準化した吸収スペクトルである。また、c1は、サンプルにおけるグルコースの濃度である。
Ea,i(ν、T)=E(ν、T)−Et,i(ν、T)〜H(ν、T)(1−fi(ν、T))[Kk2(ν、T)+k1(ν、T)c1] (式6)
ここで、fi(ν、T)は、i番目の媒介体に対するフィルタ関数で、入射されたエネルギーとフィルタを介して投射体に伝達されたエネルギーの比率である。
f2(ν、T)=exp(―a2k2(ν、T)) (式7)
ここで、aiは、フィルタのi番目の成分に対する対応係数である(図1の場合、水とグルコースとの間の対応係数)。対応係数は、フィルタの厚さおよび濃度に比例する。
=−δEa(ν、T)=Et,1(ν、T)−Et,2(ν、T)〜H(ν、T)[Kk2(ν、T)+k1(ν、T)c1](f1(ν、T)−f2(ν、T)) (式8)
ここで、薄膜の場合、
δEt(ν、T)
=Et,1(ν、T)−Et,2(ν、T)〜H(ν、T)[Kk2(ν、T)+k1(ν、T)c1](f1(ν、T)−f2(ν、T))〜−H(ν、T)[Kk1(ν、T)k2(ν、T)+(k1(ν、T))2c1] (式9)
サンプルにより放出されたスペクトルの間隔ν1・・・ν2に対して、フィルタを介して伝達または吸収されたそれぞれの全体エネルギーΔEt(ν1、ν2、T)または ΔEa(ν1、ν2、T)は、次のように示される。
103 第1のコンテナ
105 第2のコンテナ
107 差動増幅器
109 化学成分分析器
111 可変フィルタ
Claims (11)
- サンプルと、
前記サンプルの化学的主成分を含む比較基準となる第1のコンテナと、
関心対象の化学的成分を含む第2のコンテナと、
前記第1のコンテナおよび前記第2のコンテナによりそれぞれ放出されたIR放射線の差を増幅する差動増幅器と、
前記サンプルの表面層から放出されるIR放射線を集光し、集光された前記IR放射線と前記差動増幅器により増幅された前記IR放射線との差を比較して前記サンプルの化学的成分中に前記関心対象の化学的成分が含まれているか否かを分析する化学成分分析器とを含み、
前記第1のコンテナと第2のコンテナとは、サンプルの表面層から放出されたIR放射線をフィルタリングする機能を有していることを特徴とする化学成分分析システム。 - 前記第2のコンテナは、互いに異なる関心対象の化学的成分を有する複数のコンテナを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の化学成分分析システム。
- 前記第1のコンテナおよび前記第2のコンテナは、1つのアレイで具現されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の化学成分分析システム。
- 前記差動増幅器は、前記第1のコンテナおよび前記第2のコンテナを通過して放出されたIR放射線の差を増幅することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の化学成分分析システム。
- 前記サンプルのスペクトル特性に対する選択性を増加させるため、前記サンプルと前記化学成分分析器との間に線形可変フィルタをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の化学成分分析システム。
- 前記化学成分分析器は、前記サンプルの表面に対して光学上の軸が60乃至80度の範囲で前記サンプルの表面層から放出された前記IR放射線を集光することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の化学成分分析システム。
- サンプルの表面層から放出されるIR放射線を集光するステップと、
前記サンプルの化学的主成分を含む比較基準となる第1のコンテナおよび関心対象の化学的成分を含む第2のコンテナをそれぞれ通過したIR放射線の差を増幅するステップと、
前記サンプルから集光されたIR放射線と前記差動増幅器により増幅されたIR放射線との差を比較して、前記サンプルの化学的成分中に前記関心対象の化学的成分が含まれているかを分析するステップとを含むことを特徴とする化学成分分析方法。 - 前記第2のコンテナは、互いに異なる関心対象の化学的成分を有する複数のコンテナを含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の化学成分分析方法。
- 前記第1のコンテナおよび前記第2のコンテナは、1つのアレイで具現されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の化学成分分析方法。
- 前記サンプルのスペクトル特性に対する選択性を増加させるための線形可変フィルタを設けるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の化学成分分析方法。
- 前記集光ステップでは、前記サンプルの表面に対して光学上の軸が60乃至80度の範囲で前記サンプルの表面層から放出された前記IR放射線を集光することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の化学成分分析方法。
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US5128797A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1992-07-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Non-mechanical optical path switching and its application to dual beam spectroscopy including gas filter correlation radiometry |
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US7016713B2 (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 2006-03-21 | Inlight Solutions, Inc. | Non-invasive determination of direction and rate of change of an analyte |
US6040578A (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 2000-03-21 | Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for multi-spectral analysis of organic blood analytes in noninvasive infrared spectroscopy |
US5900632A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1999-05-04 | Optiscan Biomedical Corporation | Subsurface thermal gradient spectrometry |
US6191860B1 (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 2001-02-20 | Orsense Ltd. | Optical shutter, spectrometer and method for spectral analysis |
US6057923A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 2000-05-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Optical path switching based differential absorption radiometry for substance detection |
DE19827554C2 (de) * | 1998-06-20 | 2001-07-26 | Schott Glas | Verfahren zum Ermitteln der späteren Alkaliabgabe von Glasbehältern für medizinische Zwecke in eine darin befindliche Lösung bei der Herstellung der Glasbehälter und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US6452180B1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2002-09-17 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Infrared inspection for determining residual films on semiconductor devices |
CA2458123C (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2012-05-15 | Synodon Inc. | Remote sensing of gas leaks |
WO2006020292A2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-02-23 | Prescient Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods for medical interventional optical monitoring with molecular filters |
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2003
- 2003-09-19 KR KR10-2003-0065280A patent/KR100518810B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2004-09-02 EP EP20040255324 patent/EP1517133A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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KR100518810B1 (ko) | 2005-10-05 |
KR20050028756A (ko) | 2005-03-23 |
EP1517133A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
US20050129577A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
JP2005091369A (ja) | 2005-04-07 |
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