JP4014207B2 - Connecting member and manufacturing method thereof, connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Connecting member and manufacturing method thereof, connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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JP4014207B2
JP4014207B2 JP2002308889A JP2002308889A JP4014207B2 JP 4014207 B2 JP4014207 B2 JP 4014207B2 JP 2002308889 A JP2002308889 A JP 2002308889A JP 2002308889 A JP2002308889 A JP 2002308889A JP 4014207 B2 JP4014207 B2 JP 4014207B2
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Prior art keywords
pair
pin
connecting rod
portions
arm portions
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JP2004144174A (en
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敬 鈴村
貞男 石原
須彦 鵜飼
啓一 松永
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、連結部材及びその製造方法、並びにコンロッド及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
連結部材の一種であるコネクティングロッド(以下「コンロッド」と略称する)は内燃機関において、ピストンの往復運動をクランク軸の回転運動に変換する部品である。長手方向中間部のロッド部と、(ピストンピンにより)ピストンに連結される上端側の環形状の小端部と、クランク軸に連結される下端側の環形状の大端部とを含む。
【0003】
図9に示すように、コンロッド100はコンロッド本体101とキャップ108とから成る。コンロッド本体101がロッド部102、その一端側の小端部104、その他端側のU字形状の一対の腕部106を持つ。キャップ110は半円形状を持ち一対の湾曲部111を備える。一対の腕部106と一対の湾曲部111とで大端部112が形成される。大端部112をクランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部120に直接取り付けることはできないので、腕部106と湾曲部111とに二分し、軸受部120を挟んだ後両者を互いに締結する。
【0004】
図9及び図10に示すように、従来例(特許文献1)では、キャップ110はコンロッド本体101に2本のボルト117で締結されている。詳述すると、キャップ110の一対の湾曲部111には細長い貫通孔113が形成され、コンロッド本体101の一対の腕部106には細長いめねじ孔107が形成されている。湾曲部111の端面114と腕部106の端面108とが密着し、ボルト117に形成されたおねじが部118貫通孔113から挿入され、めねじ孔107に螺合されている。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−299759号
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来のコンロッド100は以下の点で改良の余地がある。先ず、軽量化及び小型化が困難である。その理由は、コンロッド本体101の腕部106にめねじ孔108及び端面108を形成し、キャップ110の湾曲部111に貫通孔113及び端面114を形成しているので、腕部106及び湾曲部111の肉厚を一定値以下にできないからである。
【0007】
また、製造コストが高くつく。コンロッド100はピストンの往復動につれて小端部104が長手方向に往復動し、クランク軸の回転につれて大端部112がクランク軸の軸線の回りに公転する。よって、キャップ110をコンロッド本体101から分離させようとする力、又はコンロッド本体101に対してをずらせようとする力が作用する。その結果、キャップ110をコンロッド本体101に締結しているボルト117に対して緩めようとする力が作用する。そのため、ボルトの緩止め機構が新たに必要となり、その分コストアップにつながる。
【0008】
更に、一対の腕部106に高い精度でめねじ孔107を形成すること、及び一対の湾曲部111に高い精度で貫通孔113を孔あけすることは簡単な作業ではない。加えて、ボルト117を挿入する前に、コンロッド本体101に対してキャップ101を位置決めするため、めねじ孔107から貫通孔113にかけて位置決めピン119を挿入する。これは、面倒で手間がかかる作業である。
【0009】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、軽量かつ小型で、信頼性に優れ、製造コストが安い連結部材及びその製造方法、並びにコンロッド及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明者は、連結部材の一例であるコンロッドにおいて、コンロッド本体をキャップとをボルト以外で締結又は結合する方策について検討した。その結果、コンロッドの一対の腕部及びキャップの一対の湾曲部の鍛造時又は鍛造後に連続して形成したピン状部及びピン孔により両者を結合することを思い付いて、本発明を完成した。
【0011】
本願の第1発明にかかる連結部材は、請求項1に記載したように、軸部と、その一端のU字形を成す一対の腕部とを含む第1部材と、U字形状を成し該一対の腕部に結合され連結部を構成する一対の湾曲部を有する第2部材と、から成る連結部材であって一対の腕部及び一対の湾曲部の何れか一方に形成されたピン状部が他方に形成されたピン孔に挿入され、一対の湾曲部又は一対の腕部に露出したピン状部の先端にかしめ部を形成することにより、偏心回転又は往復動する部材を挟んで第1部材と第2部材とが結合されていることを特徴とする。
【0012】
この連結部材において、第1部材と第2部材とは連結部が偏心回転等する部材を包囲し、ピン孔を貫通しその先端にかしめ部が形成されたピン状部により結合されている。
【0013】
本願の第2発明にかかる連結部材の製造方法は、請求項2に記載したように、第1金型により、軸部と、その一端のU形状を成す一対の腕部とを含む第1部材を成形する第1工程と;第2金型により、一対の腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する第2工程と;一対の腕部のピン状部を第2部材のU字形状を成す一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入し、又は一対の湾曲部の先端面に形成されたピン状部を一対の腕部のピン孔に挿入した後ピン状部の先端をかしめて、偏心回転又は往復動する部材を挟む連結部を形成し第1部材と第2部材とを一体化する第3工程と;から成ることを特徴とする。
【0014】
この連結部材の製造方法において、第1部材と第2部材とは、連結部が偏心回転等する部材を包囲した状態で、腕部等に形成したピン状部を湾曲部等に形成したピン孔に貫通させ、その先端にかしめ部を形成することにより相互に結合される。
【0015】
本願の第3発明にかかるコンロッドは、請求項3に記載したように、ロッド部、その一端の小端部及びその他端の半円形状を成す一対の腕部を含むコンロッド本体と、半円形状を成し該一対の腕部に結合され大端部を構成する一対の湾曲部を含むキャップと、から成るコンロッドであって、一対の腕部及び前記一対の湾曲部の何れか一方の先端面に形成されたピン状部が他方に形成されたピン孔に挿入され、一対の湾曲部又は一対の腕部に露出したピン状部の先端にかしめ部を形成することにより、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部を挟んでコンロッド本体とキャップとが結合されていることを特徴とする。
【0016】
このコンロッドにおいて、コンロッド本体とキャップとは大端部がクランク軸の軸受部を包囲し、ピン孔を貫通しその先端にかしめ部が形成されたピン状部により結合されている。
【0017】
本願の第4発明にかかるコンロッドの製造方法は、請求項7に記載したように、第1金型により、ロッド部、その一端の小端部及びその他端の半円形状を成す一対の腕部を含むコンロッド本体を成形する第1工程と;第2金型により、各腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する第2工程と;一対の腕部のピン状部をキャップの半円形状を成す一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入し、又は一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン状部を一対の腕部に成形されたピン孔を挿入した後ピン状部の先端をかしめ、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部を挟む大端部を形成しコンロッド本体とキャップとを一体化する第3工程と;から成ることを特徴とする。
【0018】
第4発明のコンロッドの製造方法において、コンロッド本体とキャップとは、大端部がクランク軸の軸受部を包囲した状態で、腕部等に形成したピン状部を湾曲部等に形成したピン孔に貫通させ、その先端にかしめ部を形成することにより相互に結合される。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
<連結部材、その製造方法>
▲1▼連結部材
本発明の連結部材は各種機械、装置においてある部材と別の部材とを連結し、ある部材から別の部材に又はその反対に、運動を伝達するものである。連結部材の一例として次述するコンロッドが挙げられる。連結部材は軸部とその他端側の環状の第2連結部とを含み、更にその一端側の第1連結部を含むことができる。第1連結部が環状である場合、その軸線と第2環状部の軸線とは平行であることが望ましい。第1連結部及び第2連結部は円形状でも良いし、それ以外の形状(例えば楕円、矩形状)でも良い。
【0020】
第2連結部は二分割される。これは上記ある部材又は他の部材の構造上、当該環状部を直接取り付けることができないからである。よって、例えば第1部材の他端のU字形状を成す一対の腕部と、第2部材のU字形状を成す一対の湾曲部とで環状の第2連結部を形成する。一対の腕部及び一対の湾曲部の断面形状は円形状でも矩形状でも良い。
【0021】
一対の腕部に形成されたピン状部が一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入され、又は一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン状部が一対の腕部に形成されたピン孔に挿入されている。そして、何れの場合も、ピン状部の先端はかしめられている。
▲2▼製造方法
本発明の連結部材の製造方法の第1工程では、第1金型により軸部と、その他端の一対の腕部とを形成する。第1金型は腕部を形成するための所定の凹部を持つ下型及び上型とを含む。
【0022】
第2工程では、第2金型により一対の腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する。第2金型は上記下型及び上型と、横型とを含む。横型はピン状部を形成する場合は細孔を備え、ピン孔を形成する場合はピンを備えている。
【0023】
第3工程では、一対の腕部のピン状部を一対の湾曲部のピン孔に又は一対の湾曲部のピン状部を腕部のピン孔に挿入し、ピン状部の先端をかしめる。尚、第2部材の湾曲部のピン孔又はピン状部は予め別工程で形成されている。
<コンロッド、その製造方法>
▲1▼コンロッド
本発明のコンロッドのコンロッド本体はロッド部、その一端の小端部及びその他端の半円形状を成す一対の腕部とを有する。各腕部は湾曲した四分円形状を持ち、先端面で終端している。円形状又は矩形状の断面形状を持つことができる。キャップは半円形状を成す一対の湾曲部から成る。各湾曲部は湾曲した四分円形状を有し、先端面で終端している。その断面形状は腕部の断面形状と同じである。
【0024】
腕部の先端面と湾曲部の先端面とは軸受部の最大径近傍で当接することができる。ピン状部及びピン孔はロッド部と平行に伸びている。ピン状部の先端のかしめ部は湾曲部又は腕部の円周方向中間部付近に位置することができる。
【0025】
ピン状部の断面形状は円形でも矩形でも良く、ピン孔の形状はピン状部の形状により決まる。ピン状部の断面積は従来のボルトに比べて相当小さくできる(1から2割程度)。
▲2▼製造方法
本発明のコンロッドの製造方法は2つのタイプに大別される。両者の違いは、コンロッド本体の一対の腕部の鍛造時に小端部を同時に鍛造するか、しないかである。
(イ) 小端部を腕部とは別工程で予め鍛造する第1タイプでは、素材は、ロッド部と、その一端の小端部と、その他端の二又部とを含む。二又部は例えば扇形部の中央部にくぼみを形成することにより得られる。第1工程では、この素材を第1金型にセットし、二又部を半円形状を成す一対の腕部に変形させてコンロッド本体を成形する。
【0026】
次に、第2工程では、第2金型により一対の腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する。第2金型はそれぞれ腕部を形成するための所定形状の凹部が形成された下型及び上型と、ピン状部を形成するための細孔又はピン孔を形成するためのピンが形成された横型を含むことができる。
【0027】
続いて、第3工程では、一対の腕部にピン状部を形成した場合、このピン状部をキャップの半円形状を成す一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入し、ピン状部の先端をかしめる。これにより、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部を挟む大端部が形成され、コンロッド本体とキャップとが一体化される。
【0028】
尚、一対の湾曲部にピン状部を形成した場合、このピン状部を一対の腕部のピン孔を挿入した後ピン状部の先端をかしめ、上記の場合と同様に大端部を形成しする。
(ロ) 一方、小端部を腕部の鍛造時に鍛造する第2タイプでは、素材はロッド部と、その一端の太径部と、その他端の二又部とを含む。第1工程では、第1金型によりこの素材の太径部を小端部に変形させるとともに、二又部を半円形状を成す一対の腕部に変形させてコンロッド本体を成形する。尚、第2工程及び第3工程は基本的に、上記第1タイプの第2工程及び第3工程と同じである。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面を参照しつつ説明する。
<実施例>
(コンロッド)
図1に実施例にかかるコンロッド10を示す。このコンロッド10はコンロッド本体12とキャップ25とから成る。このうち、コンロッド本体12は長手方向(図1おいて左右方向)中間部のロッド部14と、その一端(右端)の小湾曲部104(図1には不図示、図9参照)と、その他端(左端)の半円形状をなす一対の腕部17とを含む。
【0030】
ロッド部14は矩形断面を持ち、長手方向に延びている。小端部104は環形状を持ち、長手方向と直交する方向に形成された貫通孔105にピストンピン(不図示)が挿通される。但し、これらは基本的に従来例と同じであるので、これ以上の詳しい説明は割愛する。
【0031】
各腕部17は断面矩形状でロッド部14の他端から伸びるにつれて軸線lから離れる四分円形状を持ち、クランク軸の軸受部31の最大径付近まで伸びている。内周面に半円形状の軸受面18が形成されている。先端面21からピン状部22が軸線lと平行に伸びている。ピン状部22は断面円形状で、その外径はそれぞれ腕部17の幅及び厚さ(図1で上下方向寸法及び紙面に垂直な方向に寸法)の約半分である。軸方向において軸受部31の底部31aに対応する位置付近まで伸びた先端にはかしめ部23が形成されている。これについては後述する。
【0032】
キャップ25は半円形状をなす一対の湾曲部26から成る。各湾曲部26は四分円形状を持ち、クランク軸の軸受部31の最大径付近まで伸びている。内周面に半円形状の軸受面27が形成されている。先端面28は上記先端面21と同じ矩形状を持ち、この先端面21に密着している。
【0033】
先端面21から湾曲部26の途中の基端面32まで、上記ピン状部22と同じ断面円形状を持つ細長いピン孔29が伸びている。このピン孔29をピン状部22が貫通し、その先端に形成されたかしめ部23が湾曲部26の中間端面32に係合している。尚、コンロッド10は幅方向及び厚さ方向において面対称な形状を持つ。
【0034】
コンロッド本体12の一対の腕部17とキャップ25の一対の湾曲部26とで大きな環形状の大端部20が形成され、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部31に取り付けられている。
(コンロッドの製造方法)
上記コンロッド10は以下のようにして製造した。図2に示すように、コンロッド本体12用素材(ビレット)35は、断面矩形状で棒状の中間部36aと、その一端部(図2で右端部)に形成された小端部36bと、その左端部の厚さ(図2の紙面と垂直な方向の寸法)が一定で幅が漸増している扇形部36cとから成る。
【0035】
この素材35を先ず金型(不図示)により1次鍛造して、図2に示すように、扇形部36cの幅方向中央部にくぼみ37a及び二又部37を形成する。
【0036】
次に、図3(a)(b)に示す半密閉式の金型40により2次鍛造する。第2金型40はダイ(下型)41と、パンチ(上型)45と、拘束及び軸出しパンチ(横型、以下「横パンチ」と呼ぶ)50とを含む。
【0037】
ダイ41の上面には長さ方向(図3(a)で左右方向)の中間部の浅くて幅が小さい第1凹部42a、一端(右端)の深くて幅が中程度の第2凹部42b、及び他端(左端)の深くて幅が広い第3凹部42cが形成されている。第1凹部42aと第2凹部42b及び第3凹部32cとの境界部にはそれぞれ湾曲面43a及び43bが形成されている。ダイ41は油圧シリンダ(不図示)により垂直方向に駆動される。
【0038】
尚、パンチ45は、下面にダイ41と同じ形状の第1凹部46a、第2凹部46b及び第3凹部46cが形成され、油圧シリンダ(不図示)により垂直方向に駆動される。
【0039】
横パンチ50は拘束パンチ51と、その両側の一対の軸出しパンチ55とを含む。このうち、拘束パンチ51は厚さが薄く幅が広い扁平形状を持つ。厚さは上記ダイ41の第3凹部42cびパンチ45の第3凹部46cの深さに等しく、幅はクランク軸の軸受部31の外径と等しい。先端(図3(b)で右端)に幅が漸減する加工部52を備えている。
【0040】
軸出しパンチ55は上記腕部17と同様の断面矩形状を持ち、拘束パンチ51の加工部52から少し後退している。先端面から途中まで、断面円形状で一定内径の細孔56が形成されている。一対の軸出しパンチ55の軸方向位置は、拘束パンチ51に対して調整可能である。横パンチ50は油圧シリンダ(不図示)により水平方向に駆動され、ダイ41及びパンチ45に接近及び離間する。
【0041】
ダイ41及びパンチ45(第1金型)で素材35を2次鍛造し、一対の腕部16を形成する。詳述すると、ダイ41を下降させパンチ45を上昇させた状態で、素材35をダイ41の第1凹部42aから第3凹部42c内にセットする。ダイ41が上昇しパンチ45が下降した後、横パンチ50を前進させる。すると、図3(a)(b)に示すように、素材35の中間部36aは第1凹部42a、46a及び第2凹部42b、46bの形状にならって断面矩形状に変形してロッド部14となる。尚、小端部36bは鍛造済みであり、ダイ41及びパンチ45によっては成形されない。
【0042】
次に、図4に示すように、拘束パンチ51を二又部37bのくぼみ37aに嵌入する。すると加工部52により一対の腕部17が変形されると共に、内周面に半円形状の軸受面18が形成される。このとき、軸出しパンチ55は腕部17から離れている。続いて、ダイ41、パンチ45及び横パンチ50(第2金型)で素材35を3次鍛造し、各腕部17にピン状部22を形成する。図5(a)(b)に示すように一対の軸出パンチ55を前進させると、湾曲部17の先端面が圧縮され長さが短くなると共に、材料の一部が細孔56内に入り込んでピン状部22が形成される。ダイ41を下降させパンチ45を上昇させ横パンチ50を後退させてコンロッド本体12を取り出す。
【0043】
次に、キャップ25の鍛造について図6を基に説明する。キャップ用素材60は厚さが一定で全体的に半円形状を有し、一対の端部61の先端は半径方向に厚さが厚く成っている。
【0044】
金型70はダイス71、パンチ(不図示)及び横パンチ75から成る。ダイス71には所定形状の凹部72が形成されている。パンチはダイ71と面対称の構成を持つ。横パンチ75は拘束パンチ76と、その両側の一対の孔あけパンチ78とを含む。拘束パンチ76は幅が広く厚さが薄い扁平形状を持ち、先端に加工部77を備える。一対の孔あけパンチ78は拘束パンチ76に対して移動可能とされ、先端にピン79を備える。
【0045】
素材60をダイ71とパンチとの間にセットし、横パンチ75を前進させる。すると、拘束パンチ76の加工部77によって端部61が湾曲部26に変形されるとともに、孔あけパンチ78のピン79により湾曲部26にピン孔29が形成される。
【0046】
続いて、コンロッド本体12をキャップ25とを結合する。その際、図7に示すように、手作業又は組付け装置でコンロッド本体12のピン状部22をキャップ25のピン孔28内に挿入する。ピン状部22のはピン孔28よりも長いので、その先端が中間端面32から少し突出する。このピン状部22の先端をかしめ装置でかしめてかしめ部(係合部)23を形成することにより、コンロッド本体12とキャップ25とが一体的に結合される。
(効果)
以上詳述した実施例によれば、以下の効果が得られる。
【0047】
第1に、コンロッド本体12の一対の腕部17及びキャップ25の一対の湾曲部26の肉厚を薄くできる。その理由は、ピン状部22及びピン孔29の断面積が従来のボルト117(図9参照)の断面積よりも小さいからである。断面積を小さくできたのは、ピン状部22及びピン孔29による結合は、雄ねじ部118及び雌ねじ孔107による締結よりも結合力が大きいからである。
【0048】
第2に、コンロッド本体12とキャップ25とによる結合の信頼性が高い。前述したように、コンロッド10にはキャップ25をコンロッド本体12から離そうとする力が作用する。しかし、コンロッド本体12とキャップ25とはピン孔29に挿入したピン状部22の先端に形成したかしめ部23により結合されている。よって、ボルト117のように力や振動によって緩む心配はない。
【0049】
また、ピン状部22及びかしめ部23は腕部17の一部を塑性変形させたものでボルト117に比べて強度、剛性が大きく、コンロッド本体14及び/又はキャップ25に加わる力や振動に破損する心配は殆んどない。
【0050】
第3に、製造コストの上昇が抑制される。一対の腕部17には先端にかしめ部23を備えるピン状部22を形成し、一対の湾曲部26にピン孔29を形成しているに過ぎない。しかも、ピン状部22は金型40による一対の腕部17の鍛造時に形成され、ピン孔29は金型70によるキャップ25の鍛造時に形成されたものである。しかも、かしめ部23は湾曲部26の表面に露出したピン状部22の先端をかしめることにより、簡単に形成できる。
【0051】
よって、ピン状部22、ピン孔29及びかしめ部23の形成のための特別の金型や特別の工程は不要であり、従来例のボルト117で締結する場合に比べて、製造コストを低く抑えることができる。
<変形例>
図8に上記実施例の変形例を示す。このコンロッド10では、キャップ85の一対の湾曲部86にピン状部87が形成され、コンロッド本体80の一対の腕部81にピン孔82が形成されている。腕部81の表面から露出したピン状部87の先端をかしめてかしめ部87aを形成している。
【0052】
湾曲部86にピン状部87を形成するためには、前記図6の横パンチ75の孔あけパンチ78を、軸出しパンチ(図5(b)の軸出しパンチ55参照)に置換すれば良い。また、腕部81にピン孔82を形成するためには、前記図3(b)の横パンチ50の軸出しパンチ51を、孔あけパンチ(図6の孔あけパンチ78参照)に置換すれば良い。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
以上述べてきたように、第1発明の連結部材は、連結部が所定部材を包囲した状態で、第1部材と第2部材とがピン状部とピン孔とにより結合されている。その結果、第1部材の一対の腕部及び第2部材の一対の湾曲部の肉厚を薄くでき、連結部の寸法が小さくなる。また、ピン状部とピン孔とによる結合は強固であり、第1部材と第2部材とが分離する虞は殆どなく、信頼性が高い。
【0054】
第2発明の連結部材の製造方法によれば、ピン状部及びピン孔は腕部等及び湾曲部等の鍛造時に成形され、成形に手間や時間を要しないので、連結部材の製造コストが低減できる。
【0055】
第3発明のコンロッドによれば、大端部がクランク軸の軸受部を包囲した状態で、コンロッド本体とキャップとがピン状部とピン孔とにより結合されている。その結果、コンロッド本体等の一対の腕部及びキャップ等の一対の湾曲部の肉厚を薄くでき、大端部の寸法が小さくなる。また、ピン状部とピン孔とによる結合は強固であり、コンロッド本体とキャップとが分離する虞は殆どなく、信頼性が高い。
【0056】
第4発明のコンロッドの製造方法によれば、ピン状部及びピン孔は腕部等及び湾曲部等の鍛造時に成形され、成形に手間や時間を要しないので、コンロッド本体の製造コストが低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の連結部材(コンロッド)の実施例を示す要部正面断面図である。
【図2】上記実施例のコンロッド本体用素材の平面図である。
【図3】(a)は腕部を形成する様子を示す正面断面図、(b)は図3(a)における3−3断面図である。
【図4】腕部を更なる形成する様子を示す正面断面図である。
【図5】(a)はピン状部を形成する様子を示す正面断面図、(b)は図5(a)における5−5断面図である。
【図6】キャップの鍛造及びピン孔の形成を示す平面説明図である。
【図7】コンロッド本体とキャップとの結合を示す説明図である。
【図8】上記実施例の変形例を示す要部断面図である。
【図9】従来のコンロッドを示す分解斜視図である。
【図10】従来のコンロッドの組立状態の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
10:コンロッド 12:コンロッド本体
14:ロッド部 17:一対の腕部
20:大端部 22:ピン状部
23:かしめ部 25:キャップ
26:湾曲部 29:ピン孔
35:素材 36a:中間部
36b:湾曲部 36c:他端部
40:金型 41:下型
42a、42b、42c:凹部
45:上型 50:横パンチ
46a、46b、46c:凹部
51:拘束パンチ 52:加工部
55:軸出しパンチ 56:細孔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a connecting member and a manufacturing method thereof, and a connecting rod and a manufacturing method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A connecting rod (hereinafter abbreviated as “connecting rod”), which is a kind of connecting member, is a component that converts a reciprocating motion of a piston into a rotational motion of a crankshaft in an internal combustion engine. It includes a rod portion in the middle in the longitudinal direction, a small end portion on the upper end side connected to the piston (by a piston pin), and a large end portion on the lower end side connected to the crankshaft.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 9, the connecting rod 100 includes a connecting rod body 101 and a cap 108. The connecting rod body 101 has a rod portion 102, a small end portion 104 on one end side thereof, and a pair of U-shaped arm portions 106 on the other end side. The cap 110 has a semicircular shape and includes a pair of curved portions 111. A large end portion 112 is formed by the pair of arm portions 106 and the pair of curved portions 111. Since the large end portion 112 cannot be directly attached to the bearing portion 120 that is eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft, the arm portion 106 and the bending portion 111 are divided into two parts, and after the bearing portion 120 is sandwiched, the two are fastened together.
[0004]
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the conventional example (Patent Document 1), the cap 110 is fastened to the connecting rod body 101 by two bolts 117. More specifically, a long and narrow through hole 113 is formed in the pair of curved portions 111 of the cap 110, and a long and narrow female screw hole 107 is formed in the pair of arm portions 106 of the connecting rod body 101. The end surface 114 of the curved portion 111 and the end surface 108 of the arm portion 106 are in close contact with each other, and a male screw formed on the bolt 117 is inserted from the portion 118 through hole 113 and screwed into the female screw hole 107.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-299759 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional connecting rod 100 has room for improvement in the following points. First, it is difficult to reduce weight and size. The reason is that the female screw hole 108 and the end surface 108 are formed in the arm portion 106 of the connecting rod main body 101, and the through hole 113 and the end surface 114 are formed in the curved portion 111 of the cap 110. This is because the thickness of the glass cannot be made below a certain value.
[0007]
In addition, the manufacturing cost is high. As for the connecting rod 100, the small end 104 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction as the piston reciprocates, and the large end 112 revolves around the axis of the crankshaft as the crankshaft rotates. Therefore, a force for separating the cap 110 from the connecting rod body 101 or a force for shifting the cap 110 with respect to the connecting rod body 101 is applied. As a result, a force is applied to loosen the bolt 110 that fastens the cap 110 to the connecting rod body 101. This necessitates a new bolt loosening mechanism, which increases the cost.
[0008]
Furthermore, it is not an easy task to form the female screw holes 107 in the pair of arm portions 106 with high accuracy and to form the through holes 113 in the pair of curved portions 111 with high accuracy. In addition, before the bolt 117 is inserted, the positioning pin 119 is inserted from the female screw hole 107 to the through hole 113 in order to position the cap 101 with respect to the connecting rod body 101. This is a cumbersome and time-consuming work.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a connecting member, a manufacturing method thereof, a connecting rod, and a manufacturing method thereof, which are light and small in size, excellent in reliability, and low in manufacturing cost.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor of the present application has studied a method for fastening or connecting a connecting rod body to a cap other than a bolt in a connecting rod which is an example of a connecting member. As a result, the inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention by conceiving that the pair of arm portions of the connecting rod and the pair of curved portions of the cap are joined together by the pin-like portion and the pin hole formed continuously after forging or after forging.
[0011]
The connecting member according to the first invention of the present application is, as described in claim 1, a U-shaped first member including a shaft portion and a pair of arm portions having a U-shape at one end thereof. And a second member having a pair of curved portions coupled to the pair of arm portions to form a coupling portion, and a pin-shaped portion formed on one of the pair of arm portions and the pair of curved portions. Is inserted into the pin hole formed on the other side, and a caulking portion is formed at the tip of the pin-like portion exposed at the pair of curved portions or the pair of arm portions, thereby sandwiching the member that rotates eccentrically or reciprocates. The member and the second member are combined with each other.
[0012]
In this connecting member, the first member and the second member surround the member whose connecting portion is eccentrically rotated, and are joined by a pin-like portion that penetrates the pin hole and has a caulking portion formed at the tip thereof.
[0013]
The manufacturing method of the connecting member according to the second invention of the present application includes, as described in claim 2, a first member including a shaft portion and a pair of arm portions having a U shape at one end thereof by a first mold. A second step of forming a pin-shaped portion or a pin hole on the tip surfaces of the pair of arm portions by a second mold; and a pin-shaped portion of the pair of arm portions as a U of the second member. The tip of the pin-shaped part is inserted into the pin hole formed in the pair of curved parts forming a letter shape, or the pin-shaped part formed on the tip surface of the pair of curved parts is inserted into the pin hole of the pair of arm parts And a third step of integrating the first member and the second member by forming a connecting portion that sandwiches the member that eccentrically rotates or reciprocates.
[0014]
In this connection member manufacturing method, the first member and the second member are pin holes in which a pin-shaped portion formed in an arm portion or the like is formed in a curved portion or the like in a state where the connection portion surrounds a member that rotates eccentrically or the like. And are connected to each other by forming a caulking portion at the tip thereof.
[0015]
A connecting rod according to a third invention of the present application is, as described in claim 3, a connecting rod body including a rod portion, a small end portion at one end thereof, and a pair of arm portions forming a semicircular shape at the other end, and a semicircular shape. And a cap including a pair of curved portions coupled to the pair of arm portions to form a large end portion, and a distal end surface of one of the pair of arm portions and the pair of curved portions The pin-shaped part formed on the other side is inserted into the pin hole formed on the other side, and the crimped part is formed at the tip of the pin-shaped part exposed on the pair of curved parts or the pair of arm parts, thereby The connecting rod body and the cap are coupled with the eccentric bearing portion interposed therebetween.
[0016]
In this connecting rod, the connecting rod main body and the cap are joined by a pin-shaped portion having a large end portion surrounding the crankshaft bearing portion, penetrating a pin hole and having a caulking portion formed at the tip thereof.
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a connecting rod manufacturing method according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, wherein a pair of arms that form a rod portion, a small end portion at one end thereof, and a semicircular shape at the other end are formed by a first mold. A first step of forming a connecting rod body including: a second step of forming a pin-shaped portion or a pin hole on a tip surface of each arm portion by a second mold; and a pin-shaped portion of a pair of arm portions of a cap Insert the pin holes formed in the pair of curved portions into a semicircular shape, or insert the pin holes formed in the pair of arm portions into the pin holes formed in the pair of curved portions. And a third step of forming a large end portion sandwiching the bearing portion eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft and integrating the connecting rod main body and the cap.
[0018]
In the connecting rod manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the connecting rod main body and the cap have a pin hole formed in a curved portion or the like in a pin portion formed in an arm portion or the like with a large end portion surrounding a bearing portion of a crankshaft. And are connected to each other by forming a caulking portion at the tip thereof.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
<Connecting member and manufacturing method thereof>
(1) Connecting member The connecting member of the present invention connects one member and another member in various machines and devices, and transmits motion from one member to another member or vice versa. An example of the connecting member is a connecting rod described below. The connecting member may include a shaft portion and an annular second connecting portion on the other end side, and may further include a first connecting portion on one end side thereof. When the first connecting portion is annular, the axis thereof and the axis of the second annular portion are preferably parallel. The first connecting part and the second connecting part may be circular or other shapes (for example, an ellipse or a rectangle).
[0020]
The second connecting portion is divided into two. This is because the annular portion cannot be directly attached because of the structure of the certain member or the other member. Therefore, for example, a pair of arm portions forming a U shape at the other end of the first member and a pair of curved portions forming a U shape of the second member form an annular second connecting portion. The cross-sectional shapes of the pair of arm portions and the pair of curved portions may be circular or rectangular.
[0021]
A pin-shaped portion formed on the pair of arm portions is inserted into a pin hole formed on the pair of curved portions, or a pin-shaped portion formed on the pair of curved portions is inserted into a pin hole formed on the pair of arm portions. Has been inserted. In either case, the tip of the pin-shaped portion is caulked.
(2) Manufacturing Method In the first step of the manufacturing method of the connecting member of the present invention, the shaft portion and a pair of arm portions at the other end are formed by the first mold. The first mold includes a lower mold and an upper mold having a predetermined recess for forming the arm portion.
[0022]
In the second step, a pin-shaped portion or a pin hole is formed on the tip surfaces of the pair of arm portions by the second mold. The second mold includes the lower mold and the upper mold, and the horizontal mold. The horizontal type is provided with pores when forming pin-like portions, and with pins when forming pin holes.
[0023]
In the third step, the pin-shaped portions of the pair of arm portions are inserted into the pin holes of the pair of curved portions or the pin-shaped portions of the pair of curved portions are inserted into the pin holes of the arm portions, and the tips of the pin-shaped portions are crimped. In addition, the pin hole or pin-shaped portion of the curved portion of the second member is formed in a separate process in advance.
<Connecting rod, manufacturing method thereof>
(1) Connecting rod The connecting rod body of the connecting rod of the present invention has a rod portion, a small end portion at one end thereof, and a pair of arm portions having a semicircular shape at the other end. Each arm has a curved quadrant and terminates at the distal end. It can have a circular or rectangular cross-sectional shape. A cap consists of a pair of curved part which comprises semicircle shape. Each bending portion has a curved quadrant shape and terminates at the tip surface. The cross-sectional shape is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the arm portion.
[0024]
The distal end surface of the arm portion and the distal end surface of the curved portion can abut in the vicinity of the maximum diameter of the bearing portion. The pin-like portion and the pin hole extend in parallel with the rod portion. The caulking portion at the tip of the pin-shaped portion can be positioned near the middle portion in the circumferential direction of the bending portion or the arm portion.
[0025]
The cross-sectional shape of the pin-shaped portion may be circular or rectangular, and the shape of the pin hole is determined by the shape of the pin-shaped portion. The cross-sectional area of the pin-shaped portion can be made considerably smaller than that of conventional bolts (about 10 to 20%).
(2) Manufacturing method The connecting rod manufacturing method of the present invention is roughly classified into two types. The difference between the two is whether or not the small ends are forged at the same time when the pair of arms of the connecting rod body is forged.
(A) In the first type in which the small end portion is forged in advance in a separate process from the arm portion, the material includes a rod portion, a small end portion at one end thereof, and a bifurcated portion at the other end. The bifurcated portion is obtained, for example, by forming a recess in the central portion of the sector portion. In the first step, the material is set in a first mold, and the connecting rod body is formed by deforming the bifurcated portion into a pair of semicircular arms.
[0026]
Next, in a 2nd process, a pin-shaped part or a pin hole is formed in the front end surface of a pair of arm part with a 2nd metal mold | die. The second mold is formed with a lower mold and an upper mold each having a concave portion with a predetermined shape for forming an arm portion, and a hole for forming a pin-shaped portion or a pin for forming a pin hole. Horizontal type can be included.
[0027]
Subsequently, in the third step, when the pin-shaped portion is formed on the pair of arm portions, the pin-shaped portion is inserted into the pin holes formed in the pair of curved portions forming the semicircular shape of the cap. Crimp the tip of. As a result, a large end portion sandwiching the bearing portion eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft is formed, and the connecting rod body and the cap are integrated.
[0028]
When a pin-like part is formed on a pair of curved parts, the pin-like part is caulked at the tip of the pin-like part after inserting the pin holes of the pair of arm parts, and the large end part is formed as in the above case. To do.
(B) On the other hand, in the second type in which the small end portion is forged at the time of forging the arm portion, the material includes a rod portion, a large diameter portion at one end thereof, and a bifurcated portion at the other end. In the first step, the connecting rod body is formed by deforming the large-diameter portion of the material into a small end portion by the first mold and deforming the bifurcated portion into a pair of semicircular arms. The second process and the third process are basically the same as the second process and the third process of the first type.
[0029]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
<Example>
(Connecting rod)
FIG. 1 shows a connecting rod 10 according to the embodiment. The connecting rod 10 includes a connecting rod body 12 and a cap 25. Among them, the connecting rod body 12 includes a rod portion 14 in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1), a small curved portion 104 (not shown in FIG. 1, see FIG. 9) at one end (right end), and others. A pair of arms 17 having a semicircular shape at the end (left end).
[0030]
The rod portion 14 has a rectangular cross section and extends in the longitudinal direction. The small end portion 104 has an annular shape, and a piston pin (not shown) is inserted through a through hole 105 formed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. However, since these are basically the same as the conventional example, further detailed explanation is omitted.
[0031]
Each arm portion 17 has a rectangular cross section and has a quadrant shape that is separated from the axis l as it extends from the other end of the rod portion 14, and extends to the vicinity of the maximum diameter of the bearing portion 31 of the crankshaft. A semicircular bearing surface 18 is formed on the inner peripheral surface. A pin-like portion 22 extends in parallel with the axis l from the tip surface 21. The pin-like portion 22 has a circular cross section, and its outer diameter is about half of the width and thickness of the arm portion 17 (the vertical dimension and the dimension perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1). A caulking portion 23 is formed at the tip that extends to the vicinity of the position corresponding to the bottom 31 a of the bearing portion 31 in the axial direction. This will be described later.
[0032]
The cap 25 includes a pair of curved portions 26 having a semicircular shape. Each curved portion 26 has a quadrant shape and extends to the vicinity of the maximum diameter of the bearing portion 31 of the crankshaft. A semicircular bearing surface 27 is formed on the inner peripheral surface. The tip surface 28 has the same rectangular shape as the tip surface 21 and is in close contact with the tip surface 21.
[0033]
An elongated pin hole 29 having the same cross-sectional circular shape as the pin-shaped portion 22 extends from the distal end surface 21 to the proximal end surface 32 in the middle of the curved portion 26. The pin-shaped portion 22 passes through the pin hole 29, and a caulking portion 23 formed at the tip thereof is engaged with the intermediate end surface 32 of the bending portion 26. The connecting rod 10 has a shape that is plane-symmetric in the width direction and the thickness direction.
[0034]
A large ring-shaped large end portion 20 is formed by the pair of arm portions 17 of the connecting rod body 12 and the pair of curved portions 26 of the cap 25, and is attached to a bearing portion 31 that is eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft.
(Manufacturing method of connecting rod)
The connecting rod 10 was manufactured as follows. As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting rod main body 12 material (billet) 35 includes a rod-shaped intermediate portion 36 a having a rectangular cross section, a small end portion 36 b formed at one end thereof (the right end portion in FIG. 2), It comprises a fan-shaped portion 36c having a constant thickness (a dimension in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2) and a gradually increasing width.
[0035]
First, the material 35 is first forged by a mold (not shown) to form a recess 37a and a bifurcated portion 37 at the center in the width direction of the sector 36c, as shown in FIG.
[0036]
Next, secondary forging is performed with a semi-hermetic mold 40 shown in FIGS. The second die 40 includes a die (lower die) 41, a punch (upper die) 45, and a restraint and pivoting punch (horizontal die, hereinafter referred to as “lateral punch”) 50.
[0037]
On the upper surface of the die 41, a first concave portion 42a having a shallow middle width in the length direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3A) and a second concave portion 42b having a middle width in one end (right end) and a middle width. And the 3rd recessed part 42c which is deep and wide at the other end (left end) is formed. Curved surfaces 43a and 43b are formed at the boundary between the first recess 42a, the second recess 42b, and the third recess 32c, respectively. The die 41 is driven in the vertical direction by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).
[0038]
The punch 45 has a first recess 46a, a second recess 46b and a third recess 46c having the same shape as the die 41 on the lower surface, and is driven in a vertical direction by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown).
[0039]
The lateral punch 50 includes a restraining punch 51 and a pair of axial punches 55 on both sides thereof. Among these, the restraint punch 51 has a flat shape with a small thickness and a wide width. The thickness is equal to the depth of the third recess 42c of the die 41 and the third recess 46c of the punch 45, and the width is equal to the outer diameter of the bearing 31 of the crankshaft. A processing portion 52 whose width gradually decreases is provided at the tip (right end in FIG. 3B).
[0040]
The axial punch 55 has a rectangular cross section similar to that of the arm portion 17 and is slightly retracted from the processing portion 52 of the restraining punch 51. From the front end surface to the middle, a circular hole 56 having a circular cross section and a constant inner diameter is formed. The axial positions of the pair of axial punches 55 can be adjusted with respect to the restraining punch 51. The horizontal punch 50 is driven in the horizontal direction by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), and approaches and separates from the die 41 and the punch 45.
[0041]
The material 35 is secondarily forged with the die 41 and the punch 45 (first mold) to form a pair of arm portions 16. More specifically, the material 35 is set from the first recess 42 a to the third recess 42 c of the die 41 with the die 41 lowered and the punch 45 raised. After the die 41 is raised and the punch 45 is lowered, the lateral punch 50 is advanced. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the intermediate portion 36a of the material 35 is deformed into a rectangular cross section following the shapes of the first concave portions 42a and 46a and the second concave portions 42b and 46b, so that the rod portion 14 It becomes. The small end portion 36 b is forged and is not formed by the die 41 and the punch 45.
[0042]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the constraining punch 51 is inserted into the recess 37a of the bifurcated portion 37b. Then, the pair of arm portions 17 are deformed by the processing portion 52 and the semicircular bearing surface 18 is formed on the inner peripheral surface. At this time, the axial punch 55 is separated from the arm portion 17. Subsequently, the material 35 is thirdarily forged with the die 41, the punch 45, and the lateral punch 50 (second mold), and the pin-like portions 22 are formed in the respective arm portions 17. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, when the pair of axial punches 55 are advanced, the distal end surface of the curved portion 17 is compressed and shortened, and part of the material enters the pores 56. Thus, the pin-like portion 22 is formed. The die 41 is lowered, the punch 45 is raised, the lateral punch 50 is retracted, and the connecting rod body 12 is taken out.
[0043]
Next, forging of the cap 25 will be described with reference to FIG. The cap material 60 has a constant thickness and has a semicircular shape as a whole, and the tips of the pair of end portions 61 are thick in the radial direction.
[0044]
The mold 70 includes a die 71, a punch (not shown), and a lateral punch 75. The die 71 is formed with a recess 72 having a predetermined shape. The punch has a configuration symmetrical to the die 71. The lateral punch 75 includes a restraining punch 76 and a pair of punching punches 78 on both sides thereof. The restraint punch 76 has a flat shape with a wide width and a small thickness, and is provided with a processing portion 77 at the tip. The pair of punching punches 78 is movable with respect to the restraining punch 76 and includes a pin 79 at the tip.
[0045]
The material 60 is set between the die 71 and the punch, and the lateral punch 75 is advanced. Then, the end portion 61 is deformed into the curved portion 26 by the processing portion 77 of the restraining punch 76, and the pin hole 29 is formed in the curved portion 26 by the pin 79 of the punching punch 78.
[0046]
Subsequently, the connecting rod body 12 is coupled to the cap 25. At that time, as shown in FIG. 7, the pin-shaped portion 22 of the connecting rod body 12 is inserted into the pin hole 28 of the cap 25 by manual work or an assembling apparatus. Since the pin-like portion 22 is longer than the pin hole 28, its tip protrudes slightly from the intermediate end face 32. The connecting rod body 12 and the cap 25 are integrally coupled by forming the caulking portion (engaging portion) 23 by caulking the tip of the pin-like portion 22 with a caulking device.
(effect)
According to the embodiment detailed above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0047]
First, the thickness of the pair of arm portions 17 of the connecting rod body 12 and the pair of curved portions 26 of the cap 25 can be reduced. This is because the cross-sectional areas of the pin-like portion 22 and the pin hole 29 are smaller than the cross-sectional area of the conventional bolt 117 (see FIG. 9). The reason why the cross-sectional area can be reduced is that the coupling by the pin-like portion 22 and the pin hole 29 has a larger coupling force than the fastening by the male screw portion 118 and the female screw hole 107.
[0048]
Secondly, the connecting rod body 12 and the cap 25 are highly reliable. As described above, a force for separating the cap 25 from the connecting rod body 12 acts on the connecting rod 10. However, the connecting rod body 12 and the cap 25 are joined by a caulking portion 23 formed at the tip of the pin-like portion 22 inserted into the pin hole 29. Therefore, there is no worry of loosening due to force or vibration unlike the bolt 117.
[0049]
Further, the pin-like portion 22 and the caulking portion 23 are obtained by plastically deforming a part of the arm portion 17. The pin-like portion 22 and the caulking portion 23 are larger in strength and rigidity than the bolt 117, and are damaged by the force and vibration applied to the connecting rod body 14 and / or cap 25. There is almost no worry to do.
[0050]
Third, an increase in manufacturing cost is suppressed. The pair of arm portions 17 is formed with a pin-like portion 22 having a caulking portion 23 at the tip, and a pair of curved portions 26 are merely formed with pin holes 29. Moreover, the pin-like portion 22 is formed when the pair of arm portions 17 is forged by the mold 40, and the pin hole 29 is formed when the cap 25 is forged by the die 70. Moreover, the caulking portion 23 can be easily formed by caulking the tip of the pin-like portion 22 exposed on the surface of the bending portion 26.
[0051]
Therefore, a special mold or a special process for forming the pin-shaped portion 22, the pin hole 29, and the caulking portion 23 is not necessary, and the manufacturing cost is reduced as compared with the case of fastening with the bolt 117 of the conventional example. be able to.
<Modification>
FIG. 8 shows a modification of the above embodiment. In the connecting rod 10, pin-shaped portions 87 are formed in the pair of curved portions 86 of the cap 85, and pin holes 82 are formed in the pair of arm portions 81 of the connecting rod body 80. The tip of the pin-shaped part 87 exposed from the surface of the arm part 81 is caulked to form a caulking part 87a.
[0052]
In order to form the pin-shaped portion 87 in the curved portion 86, the punching punch 78 of the lateral punch 75 in FIG. 6 may be replaced with an axial punch (see the axial punch 55 in FIG. 5B). . Further, in order to form the pin hole 82 in the arm portion 81, the axial punch 51 of the horizontal punch 50 in FIG. 3B is replaced with a punch (see the punch 78 in FIG. 6). good.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the connecting member of the first invention, the first member and the second member are coupled to each other by the pin-like portion and the pin hole in a state where the connecting portion surrounds the predetermined member. As a result, the thickness of the pair of arm portions of the first member and the pair of curved portions of the second member can be reduced, and the dimensions of the connecting portion are reduced. Moreover, the coupling | bonding by a pin-shaped part and a pin hole is firm, there is almost no possibility that a 1st member and a 2nd member will isolate | separate, and reliability is high.
[0054]
According to the method for manufacturing the connecting member of the second invention, the pin-shaped portion and the pin hole are formed at the time of forging the arm portion and the curved portion, so that the manufacturing cost of the connecting member is reduced because it does not require labor and time for forming. it can.
[0055]
According to the connecting rod of the third aspect of the invention, the connecting rod body and the cap are coupled by the pin-shaped portion and the pin hole in a state where the large end portion surrounds the bearing portion of the crankshaft. As a result, the thickness of the pair of arm portions such as the connecting rod main body and the pair of curved portions such as the cap can be reduced, and the size of the large end portion is reduced. Further, the connection between the pin-shaped portion and the pin hole is strong, and there is almost no possibility that the connecting rod body and the cap are separated from each other, and the reliability is high.
[0056]
According to the connecting rod manufacturing method of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the pin-shaped portion and the pin hole are formed at the time of forging the arm portion and the curved portion and the like, and it does not require labor and time for forming, so the manufacturing cost of the connecting rod body can be reduced. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of a connecting member (connecting rod) of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the connecting rod body material of the above embodiment.
3A is a front cross-sectional view showing a state of forming an arm portion, and FIG. 3B is a 3-3 cross-sectional view in FIG. 3A.
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing how the arm portion is further formed.
5A is a front cross-sectional view showing how a pin-like portion is formed, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 5A.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view showing forging of a cap and formation of a pin hole.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the connection between the connecting rod body and the cap.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a modification of the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional connecting rod.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional connecting rod in an assembled state.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: connecting rod 12: connecting rod body 14: rod portion 17: pair of arm portions 20: large end portion 22: pin-like portion 23: caulking portion 25: cap 26: bending portion 29: pin hole 35: material 36a: intermediate portion 36b : Curved part 36c: other end part 40: mold 41: lower molds 42a, 42b, 42c: recessed part 45: upper mold 50: lateral punches 46a, 46b, 46c: recessed part 51: restraint punch 52: processed part 55: axising Punch 56: Pore

Claims (9)

軸部と、その一端のU字形を成す一対の腕部とを含む第1部材と、U字形状を成し該一対の腕部に結合され連結部を構成する一対の湾曲部を有する第2部材と、から成る連結部材であって、
前記一対の腕部及び前記一対の湾曲部の何れか一方に形成されたピン状部が、他方に形成されたピン孔に挿入され、前記一対の湾曲部又は前記一対の腕部に露出したピン状部の先端にかしめ部を形成することにより、偏心回転又は往復動する部材を挟んで前記第1部材と前記第2部材とが結合されていることを特徴とする連結部材。
A first member including a shaft portion and a pair of arm portions having a U shape at one end thereof, and a second member having a pair of curved portions that form a U shape and are coupled to the pair of arm portions to form a connecting portion. A connecting member comprising members,
A pin-shaped portion formed on one of the pair of arm portions and the pair of curved portions is inserted into a pin hole formed on the other, and the pin is exposed to the pair of curved portions or the pair of arm portions. A connecting member characterized in that the first member and the second member are coupled to each other with a member that rotates eccentrically or reciprocates by forming a caulking portion at the tip of the shape portion.
第1金型により、軸部と、その一端のU形状を成す一対の腕部とを含む第1部材を成形する第1工程と、
第2金型により、前記一対の腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する第2工程と、
前記一対の腕部のピン状部を第2部材のU字形状を成す一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入し、又は該一対の湾曲部の先端面に形成されたピン状部を該一対の腕部のピン孔に挿入した後該ピン状部の先端をかしめ、偏心回転又は往復動する部材を挟む連結部を形成し前記第1部材と前記第2部材とを一体化する第3工程と、
から成ることを特徴とする連結部材の製造方法。
A first step of forming a first member including a shaft portion and a pair of arm portions having a U shape at one end thereof by a first mold;
A second step of forming a pin-shaped portion or a pin hole on the tip surfaces of the pair of arm portions by a second mold;
The pin-shaped portions of the pair of arm portions are inserted into pin holes formed in the pair of curved portions forming the U-shape of the second member, or the pin-shaped portions formed on the tip surfaces of the pair of curved portions are After inserting into the pin holes of the pair of arm portions, the tip of the pin-like portion is caulked to form a connecting portion that sandwiches a member that rotates eccentrically or reciprocates to integrate the first member and the second member. 3 steps,
The manufacturing method of the connection member characterized by comprising.
ロッド部、その一端の小端部及びその他端の半円形状を成す一対の腕部を含むコンロッド本体と、半円形状を成し該一対の腕部に結合され大端部を構成する一対の湾曲部を含むキャップと、から成るコンロッドであって、
前記一対の腕部及び前記一対の湾曲部の何れか一方の先端面に形成されたピン状部が他方に形成されたピン孔に挿入され、該一対の湾曲部又は該一対の腕部に露出したピン状部の先端にかしめ部を形成することにより、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部を挟んで前記コンロッド本体と前記キャップとが結合されていることを特徴とするコンロッド。
A rod portion, a connecting rod body including a pair of arm portions having a semi-circular shape at one end and a semi-circular shape at the other end, and a pair of semi-circular shapes coupled to the pair of arm portions to constitute a large end portion A connecting rod comprising a cap including a curved portion,
A pin-like portion formed on the tip end surface of one of the pair of arm portions and the pair of curved portions is inserted into a pin hole formed on the other and exposed to the pair of curved portions or the pair of arm portions. The connecting rod body and the cap are connected to each other by forming a caulking portion at the tip of the pin-shaped portion so as to sandwich a bearing portion eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft.
前記一対の腕部の先端面と前記一対の湾曲部の先端面とは、前記軸受部の最大径付近で互いに当接している請求項3に記載のコンロッド。The connecting rod according to claim 3, wherein the distal end surfaces of the pair of arm portions and the distal end surfaces of the pair of curved portions are in contact with each other in the vicinity of the maximum diameter of the bearing portion. 前記ピン状部及び前記ピン孔は、前記ロッド部と平行である請求項3に記載のコンロッド。The connecting rod according to claim 3, wherein the pin-like portion and the pin hole are parallel to the rod portion. 前記かしめ部は各前記湾曲部又は各前記腕部の中間部に位置している請求項3に記載のコンロッド。The connecting rod according to claim 3, wherein the caulking portion is located at an intermediate portion of each of the bending portions or each of the arm portions. 第1金型により、ロッド部、その一端の小端部及びその他端の半円形状を成す一対の腕部を含むコンロッド本体を成形する第1工程と、
第2金型により、各前記腕部の先端面にピン状部又はピン孔を形成する第2工程と、
前記一対の腕部のピン状部をキャップの半円形状を成す一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン孔に挿入し、又は該一対の湾曲部に形成されたピン状部を該一対の腕部に成形されたピン孔を挿入した後該ピン状部の先端をかしめ、クランク軸の軸線から偏心した軸受部を挟む大端部を形成し前記コンロッド本体と前記キャップとを一体化する第3工程と、
から成ることを特徴とするコンロッドの製造方法。
A first step of forming a connecting rod main body including a rod portion, a small end portion at one end thereof, and a pair of arm portions forming a semicircular shape at the other end by a first mold;
A second step of forming a pin-shaped portion or a pin hole on the tip surface of each arm portion by a second mold;
The pin-shaped portions of the pair of arm portions are inserted into pin holes formed in the pair of curved portions forming a semicircular shape of the cap, or the pin-shaped portions formed in the pair of curved portions are the pair of arm portions. A third step in which the connecting rod body and the cap are integrated by forming a large end portion sandwiching the bearing portion eccentric from the axis of the crankshaft by inserting the pin hole formed in the shaft and then crimping the tip of the pin-shaped portion When,
A method for manufacturing a connecting rod, comprising:
前記第1金型は、それぞれ所定の凹部が形成され前記一対の腕部を形成する下型及び上型を含む請求項7に記載のコンロッド。The connecting rod according to claim 7, wherein the first mold includes a lower mold and an upper mold each having a predetermined concave portion and forming the pair of arm portions. 前記第2金型はそれぞれ所定の凹部が形成された下型及び上型と、該下型と該上型との間の隙間に嵌入して前記ピン状部又はピン孔を形成する横型と、を含む請求項7に記載のコンロッド。The second mold includes a lower mold and an upper mold each having a predetermined recess, and a horizontal mold that fits into a gap between the lower mold and the upper mold to form the pin-shaped portion or the pin hole, The connecting rod according to claim 7.
JP2002308889A 2002-10-23 2002-10-23 Connecting member and manufacturing method thereof, connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP4014207B2 (en)

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JPH07305716A (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-21 Wakayama Nainenki Kk Large end side assembling structure for connecting rod
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