JP4011281B2 - Friction plate - Google Patents

Friction plate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4011281B2
JP4011281B2 JP2000350948A JP2000350948A JP4011281B2 JP 4011281 B2 JP4011281 B2 JP 4011281B2 JP 2000350948 A JP2000350948 A JP 2000350948A JP 2000350948 A JP2000350948 A JP 2000350948A JP 4011281 B2 JP4011281 B2 JP 4011281B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
friction
friction plate
plate
circumferential direction
fastening mechanism
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JP2002156021A (en
Inventor
毅 山本
幸彦 伊藤
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JATCO Ltd
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JATCO Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00Friction clutches
    • F16D13/58Details
    • F16D13/60Clutching elements
    • F16D13/64Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
    • F16D13/648Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae for clutches with multiple lamellae
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D2069/004Profiled friction surfaces, e.g. grooves, dimples

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、完全に油中に浸った状態で用いられる締結機構用の摩擦板に関し、特にトルクコンバータのロックアップ機構に用いられる摩擦板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
トルクコンバータとしては、例えば特開平11−72156号公報に示すものが知られている。このトルクコンバータは、エンジン出力が伝達されるコンバータ殻とタービン羽根車との間に軸線方向ピストン(ロックアップピストン)が配置されており、該軸線方向ピストンはコンバータ殻の回転軸に軸方向に変位可能に且つコンバータ殻と一体回転可能に外嵌されている。
【0003】
軸線方向ピストンとタービン羽根車との間には、コンバータ殻の回転(エンジン出力)をタービン羽根車に伝達する締結機構(ロックアップ機構)が配設されている。
この締結機構は、コンバータ殻と一体に回転する円形状の外側摩擦板と、タービン羽根車と一体に回転する円形状の内側摩擦板とを備えており、外側摩擦板及び内側摩擦板は共に軸方向に移動可能に複数枚配置されて互いに隣り合う各外側摩擦板の間に内側摩擦板が配置されている。
【0004】
そして、軸線方向ピストンのコンバータ殻側に油圧を負荷すると、該軸線方向ピストンがタービン羽根車側に移動して外側摩擦板を該タービン羽根車側に押しつけ、これにより、互いに隣り合う各外側摩擦板間に内側摩擦板が挟まれて締結状態(ロックアップ状態)とされ、このときの摩擦力によりコンバータ殻のトルクが締結機構及びタービン羽根車等を介して変速機構の入力軸に伝達される。
【0005】
逆に、軸線方向ピストンのタービン羽根車側に油圧を負荷すると、軸線方向ピストンがコンバータ殻側に移動して締結機構の締結が開放される。
ところで、トルクコンバータの締結機構は完全に油中に浸された状態で用いられ、また、所謂スリップロックアップ制御を行うため、締結機構の内側摩擦板又は外側摩擦板としては、図4に示すように、円環板状のベースプレートaの少なくとも一方の面(図では両面)に周方向に所定の間隔を存して複数の摩擦材bを設けたものが用いられ、互いに隣り合う各摩擦材bの間の溝cから外側摩擦板と内側摩擦板との接触面(摩擦面)に油を導いて油膜を形成するようにしている。摩擦材bは、通常、プレス成形による打ち抜き加工によってコマ状に形成されたものが用いられ、ベースプレートaに貼り付け等により固着されるようになっている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
トルクコンバータの締結機構は、完全に油中に浸された状態で使用されるため、開放されている際に、トルクコンバータ内では常に油圧がかかった状態にあることや、コンバータ殻側とタービン羽根車側との回転角速度差等に起因して外側摩擦板及び内側摩擦板に対して極低面圧で接触しようする力が働き、該接触による摩擦によって所謂ドラッグトルク(引きずりトルク)が発生する。
【0007】
この場合、例えば内側摩擦板の両面に摩擦材bが固着されているとすると、該摩擦材bと相手材である外側摩擦板との間に油膜が形成されていれば、ドラッグトルクも安定してその値もある程度小さなものとなり、燃費の増加や摩擦材の耐久性低下といった不具合を回避することができる。
ここで、本発明者等は実際に安定したドラッグトルクが得られているかどうかを見極めるべく、摩擦板について詳細に分析したところ、ベースプレートaに固着される摩擦材bがプレス成形による打ち抜き加工によって形成されているため、該打ち抜き時に摩擦材bの周方向の両側角部dにエッジ部が形成されてしまい、該エッジ部によって油膜がかきとられて締結機構の開放状態で安定したドラッグトルクが得られていないことが判明した。
【0008】
本発明はこのような技術的背景に鑑みてなされたものであり、完全に油中で使用される締結機構の開放状態で安定したドラッグトルクが得られるようにして燃費の低減及び摩擦材の耐久性の向上を図ることができる摩擦板を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1記載の発明は、円環板状のベースプレートと、該ベースプレートの少なくとも一方の面に周方向に所定の間隔を存して複数固着された摩擦材とを備え、完全に油中に浸った状態で用いられる締結機構用の摩擦板であって、前記摩擦材の周方向の両側に、圧縮成形により接触部分の周方向の両側角部をR形状とした段差部を設けたことを特徴とする。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態の一例を図を参照して説明する。
図1は本発明の実施の形態の一例である摩擦板の平面図、図2は図1のA−A線断面図、図3は従来例及び本発明例における相対回転数とドラッグトルクとの関係を示すグラフ図である。なお、この実施の形態では、本発明に係る摩擦板を従来例で説明したトルクコンバータの締結機構の内側摩擦板に適用した場合を例に採る。
【0011】
図1及び図2を参照して、この内側摩擦板1は、内周部に係合用のスプライン溝2aを有する円環板状のベースプレート2と、該ベースプレート2の両面にそれぞれ周方向に所定の間隔を存して複数固着された摩擦材3とを備えており、互いに隣り合う各摩擦材3の間の溝4から外側摩擦板(図示せず。)と内側摩擦板1との接触面(摩擦面)に油を導いて油膜を形成するようにしている。なお、溝4の配置(摩擦材3の配置)はベースプレート2の両面で異なっていても良い。
【0012】
ここで、この実施の形態では、摩擦材3をプレス成形による打ち抜き加工によってコマ状に形成すると共に、圧縮成形により全ての摩擦材3の周方向の両側に微小な段差部5を形成し、これをベースプレート2の両面に貼り付け等により固着している。
このように摩擦材3の周方向の両側に圧縮成形によって段差部5を形成することにより、該摩擦材3の外側摩擦板との接触部分の周方向の両側角部3a及び段差部5の角部5aをR状とすることができ、打ち抜き加工によるエッジ部をなくすことができる。
【0013】
これにより、内側摩擦板1及び外側摩擦板が完全に油中に浸された状態で締結が開放されて内側摩擦板1の摩擦材3と外側摩擦板とが極低面圧で接触した際に、従来のようなエッジ部による油膜のかきとりが回避されて内側摩擦板1の摩擦材3と相手材である外側摩擦板との間に十分な油膜が形成され、この結果、ドラッグトルクが油の剪断に必要なトルクだけとなって該ドラッグトルクが安定且つ小さなものとなり、燃費の低減及び摩擦材3の耐久性の向上を図ることができる。
【0014】
図3に、本発明の内側摩擦板1を用いてトルクコンバータの締結機構を構成した場合を本発明例とし、従来の内側摩擦板(段差部なし)を用いてトルクコンバータの締結機構を構成した場合を従来例として、両者の相対回転数とドラッグトルクとの関係を比較した試験結果を示す。なお、本発明の内側摩擦板に段差部5を設けた以外は本発明例及び従来例共に同一条件として試験を行った。
【0015】
図3から明らかなように、内側摩擦板1に段差部5を設けた本発明例は従来例に比べて、ドラッグトルクが小さく、且つ、トルクのばらつきも小さく安定したトルクが得られるのが判る。
なお、上記実施の形態では、加工の容易性を優先すべく圧縮成形により段差部5を形成した場合を例に採ったが、これに限定されず、切削加工により段差部5を形成して打ち抜きによるエッジ部をなくすようにしてもよい。
【0016】
また、上記実施の形態では、内側摩擦板1に摩擦材3を設けた場合を例に採ったが、外側摩擦板に摩擦板を設けるようにしてもよく、この場合、相手材の接触面に対応してベースプレート2の一方の面のみに摩擦材3を設けるようにしてもよい。
更に、上記実施の形態では、プレス成形による打ち抜き加工によってコマ状に形成した後、圧縮成形により全ての摩擦材3の周方向の両側に段差部5を形成し、これをベースプレート2の両面に固着しているが、これに代えて、摩擦材3をプレス成形による打ち抜き加工によってコマ状に形成してこれをベースプレート2の両面に固着した後、圧縮成形により全ての摩擦材3の周方向の両側に微小な段差部5を形成するようにしてもよい。
【0017】
更に、上記実施の形態では、段差部5の形状を平坦面としているが、これに限定されず、打ち抜き加工によるエッジ部をなくすことができる限りにおいて、適宜変更可能である。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
上記の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、完全に油中で使用される締結機構の開放状態で安定したドラッグトルクを得ることができるので、燃費の低減及び摩擦材の耐久性の向上を図ることができるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の一例である摩擦板の平面図である。
【図2】図1のA−A線断面図である。
【図3】従来例及び本発明例における相対回転数とドラッグトルクとの関係を示すグラフ図である。
【図4】従来の摩擦板を説明するための説明的断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1…摩擦板
2…ベースプレート
3…摩擦材
4…溝
5…段差部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a friction plate for a fastening mechanism used in a state where it is completely immersed in oil, and more particularly to a friction plate used for a lockup mechanism of a torque converter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a torque converter, for example, the one shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-72156 is known. In this torque converter, an axial piston (lock-up piston) is arranged between the converter shell to which the engine output is transmitted and the turbine impeller, and the axial piston is displaced in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft of the converter shell. It is externally fitted so as to be able to rotate together with the converter shell.
[0003]
A fastening mechanism (lock-up mechanism) that transmits rotation of the converter shell (engine output) to the turbine impeller is disposed between the axial piston and the turbine impeller.
This fastening mechanism includes a circular outer friction plate that rotates integrally with the converter shell, and a circular inner friction plate that rotates integrally with the turbine impeller. Both the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate are shafts. A plurality of inner friction plates are arranged between the outer friction plates adjacent to each other and arranged in a movable manner in the direction.
[0004]
Then, when hydraulic pressure is applied to the converter shell side of the axial piston, the axial piston moves to the turbine impeller side and presses the outer friction plate to the turbine impeller side. The inner friction plate is sandwiched between them to establish a fastening state (lock-up state), and the torque of the converter shell is transmitted to the input shaft of the transmission mechanism via the fastening mechanism and the turbine impeller by the friction force at this time.
[0005]
Conversely, when hydraulic pressure is applied to the turbine impeller side of the axial piston, the axial piston moves to the converter shell side, and the fastening of the fastening mechanism is released.
By the way, the fastening mechanism of the torque converter is used in a state where it is completely immersed in oil, and so-called slip lock-up control is performed, so that an inner friction plate or an outer friction plate of the fastening mechanism is as shown in FIG. In addition, at least one surface (both surfaces in the figure) of the annular plate-shaped base plate a is provided with a plurality of friction materials b at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the friction materials b adjacent to each other are used. An oil film is formed by guiding oil from the groove c between the outer friction plate and the contact surface (friction surface) between the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate. As the friction material b, a material formed in a frame shape by punching by press molding is usually used, and the friction material b is fixed to the base plate a by pasting or the like.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The fastening mechanism of the torque converter is used in a state where it is completely immersed in oil, so that when it is opened, the hydraulic pressure is always applied in the torque converter, and the converter shell side and the turbine blade Due to a difference in rotational angular velocity from the vehicle side, a force that makes contact with the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate at an extremely low surface pressure acts, and so-called drag torque (drag torque) is generated by friction caused by the contact.
[0007]
In this case, for example, if the friction material b is fixed to both surfaces of the inner friction plate, the drag torque is stabilized if an oil film is formed between the friction material b and the outer friction plate as the counterpart material. Therefore, the value becomes small to some extent, and problems such as an increase in fuel consumption and a decrease in durability of the friction material can be avoided.
Here, the present inventors analyzed the friction plate in detail in order to determine whether or not a stable drag torque is actually obtained. As a result, the friction material b fixed to the base plate a is formed by stamping by press molding. Therefore, edge portions are formed at both side corners d in the circumferential direction of the friction material b at the time of punching, and an oil film is scraped off by the edge portions, so that a stable drag torque can be obtained in the released state of the fastening mechanism. Turned out not to have been.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such a technical background, and it is possible to obtain a stable drag torque in an open state of a fastening mechanism that is completely used in oil, thereby reducing fuel consumption and durability of a friction material. An object of the present invention is to provide a friction plate capable of improving the performance.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention described in claim 1 includes an annular plate-like base plate and a plurality of friction materials fixed to at least one surface of the base plate at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. A friction plate for a fastening mechanism that is used in a state of being completely immersed in oil, and on both sides in the circumferential direction of the friction material , both side corners in the circumferential direction of the contact portion are formed in an R shape by compression molding. A step portion is provided.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a plan view of a friction plate as an example of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a graph which shows a relationship. In this embodiment, the friction plate according to the present invention is applied to the inner friction plate of the fastening mechanism of the torque converter described in the conventional example.
[0011]
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, this inner friction plate 1 includes an annular plate-like base plate 2 having a spline groove 2a for engagement on the inner peripheral portion, and a predetermined circumferential direction on both surfaces of the base plate 2. A plurality of friction materials 3 fixed at intervals are provided, and a contact surface between an outer friction plate (not shown) and the inner friction plate 1 from a groove 4 between adjacent friction materials 3 ( Oil is led to the friction surface) to form an oil film. The arrangement of the grooves 4 (the arrangement of the friction material 3) may be different on both surfaces of the base plate 2.
[0012]
Here, in this embodiment, the friction material 3 is formed into a frame shape by punching by press molding, and minute step portions 5 are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of all the friction materials 3 by compression molding. Are fixed to both surfaces of the base plate 2 by pasting or the like.
Thus, by forming the step portions 5 by compression molding on both sides in the circumferential direction of the friction material 3, both side corner portions 3 a in the circumferential direction and the corners of the step portion 5 of the contact portion of the friction material 3 with the outer friction plate. The portion 5a can be formed in an R shape, and an edge portion due to punching can be eliminated.
[0013]
Thus, when the inner friction plate 1 and the outer friction plate are completely immersed in oil, the fastening is released, and the friction material 3 of the inner friction plate 1 and the outer friction plate come into contact with each other at an extremely low surface pressure. Thus, scraping of the oil film by the edge portion as in the prior art is avoided, and a sufficient oil film is formed between the friction material 3 of the inner friction plate 1 and the outer friction plate which is the counterpart material. Only the torque required for shearing is achieved, and the drag torque becomes stable and small, so that the fuel consumption can be reduced and the durability of the friction material 3 can be improved.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows an example of the present invention in which a torque converter fastening mechanism is configured using the inner friction plate 1 of the present invention, and a torque converter fastening mechanism is configured using a conventional inner friction plate (no stepped portion). The case is shown as a conventional example, and the test results comparing the relationship between the relative rotational speed of both and the drag torque are shown. It should be noted that the present invention and the conventional example were tested under the same conditions except that the step portion 5 was provided on the inner friction plate of the present invention.
[0015]
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the example of the present invention in which the step portion 5 is provided on the inner friction plate 1 has a smaller drag torque and a smaller torque variation than the conventional example, and a stable torque can be obtained. .
In the above embodiment, the case where the stepped portion 5 is formed by compression molding in order to give priority to the ease of processing is taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the stepped portion 5 is formed by cutting and punched. You may make it eliminate the edge part by.
[0016]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the friction material 3 was provided in the inner side friction plate 1 was taken as an example, you may make it provide a friction plate in an outer side friction plate, and in this case, it is on the contact surface of the other party material. Correspondingly, the friction material 3 may be provided only on one surface of the base plate 2.
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, after forming into a frame shape by punching by press molding, step portions 5 are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of all the friction materials 3 by compression molding, and these are fixed to both surfaces of the base plate 2. However, instead of this, the friction material 3 is formed into a frame shape by punching by press molding, and is fixed to both surfaces of the base plate 2, and then both sides in the circumferential direction of all the friction materials 3 by compression molding. Alternatively, a minute step portion 5 may be formed.
[0017]
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the shape of the level | step-difference part 5 is made into the flat surface, it is not limited to this, As long as the edge part by stamping can be eliminated, it can change suitably.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a stable drag torque can be obtained in the open state of the fastening mechanism that is used completely in oil, so that the fuel consumption is reduced and the durability of the friction material is improved. The effect that improvement can be aimed at is acquired.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a friction plate as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between relative rotational speed and drag torque in a conventional example and an example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view for explaining a conventional friction plate.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Friction plate 2 ... Base plate 3 ... Friction material 4 ... Groove 5 ... Step part

Claims (1)

円環板状のベースプレートと、該ベースプレートの少なくとも一方の面に周方向に所定の間隔を存して複数固着された摩擦材とを備え、完全に油中に浸った状態で用いられる締結機構用の摩擦板であって、
前記摩擦材の周方向の両側に、圧縮成形により接触部分の周方向の両側角部をR形状とした段差部を設けたことを特徴とする摩擦板。
For a fastening mechanism comprising an annular plate-shaped base plate and a plurality of friction materials fixed to at least one surface of the base plate at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and completely immersed in oil The friction plate of
The friction plate according to claim 1, wherein step portions are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the friction material by compression molding so that both side corners in the circumferential direction of the contact portion have an R shape.
JP2000350948A 2000-11-17 2000-11-17 Friction plate Expired - Lifetime JP4011281B2 (en)

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CN102498308A (en) * 2009-09-15 2012-06-13 爱信化工株式会社 Segment type friction part
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