JP4010163B2 - Crusher blade - Google Patents

Crusher blade Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4010163B2
JP4010163B2 JP2002074524A JP2002074524A JP4010163B2 JP 4010163 B2 JP4010163 B2 JP 4010163B2 JP 2002074524 A JP2002074524 A JP 2002074524A JP 2002074524 A JP2002074524 A JP 2002074524A JP 4010163 B2 JP4010163 B2 JP 4010163B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
blade
base material
insertion hole
bolt insertion
crusher
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JP2002074524A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003265978A (en
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智久 萩本
充佑 吉田
国勝 安西
一夫 菊地
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は産業廃棄物等の各種廃棄物を破砕する一軸破砕機等の破砕機で用いる刃物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一例として一軸破砕機について示すと、該一軸破砕機は、図5乃至図7で概略を示す如く、架台3上に、前後方向(矢印X方向)に延びるようにしたケーシング2を設置し、該ケーシング2の上面板2aの前部側位置に投入口4を開口させて、該投入口4部にホッパ5の下端を取り付け、且つ上記ケーシング2内の所要高さ位置に、前端が上記投入口4の中央部付近の下部領域まで張り出すように台板1を前後方向に水平に設け、該台板1の前端部とケーシング2の前壁板2bとの間に、回転駆動されるようにして左右方向に配置したローター8と、該ローター8の外周面部に取り付けた多数の回転刃7と、上記ローター8を前後で挟む位置となる台板1の前端部とケーシング前壁板2bの内面部に上記回転刃7と所要のクリアランスをもって対峙するように取り付けた固定刃9とからなる破砕部6を設け、更に、上記台板1上に、プッシャブロック11を配置し、該台板1上に前後方向に配した伸縮アクチュエータ10の伸縮作動でプッシャブロック11がガイドレール12に沿い台板1上を前進、後退させられるようにし、ホッパ5から投入口4を通して台板1上に投入された廃棄物13を、伸縮アクチュエータ10の作動により前進させられたプッシャブロック11でローター8へ向け押圧して破砕部6により破砕できるようにしてあり、該破砕部6で破砕された廃棄物13は、ローター8の下側に配置されたスクリーン14を通り抜けて排出口15から排出させるようにしてある。
【0003】
上記破砕部6は、図6及び図7に拡大して示す如く、ローター8の外周面に、周方向に沿うV溝8aを、長手方向へ所定のピッチで多数設け、該各V溝8aに複数個の回転刃7を取り付け、一方、固定刃9には、上記ローター8のV溝8aと対応するようにした鋸状の刃先9aを設けた構成としてある。又、上記回転刃7は、正四角柱形状の母材(ホルダ)16と、該母材16の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に対応する形状として母材16の先端面に配置する刃材(超硬チップ)17とからなり、母材16に対する刃材17の取付位置(向き)を90゜ずつ変えることで、刃材17の4つのエッジ部を刃先として使用することができるようにするために、刃材17の中央部に座刳り部18a付きのボルト孔18を設けて、該ボルト孔18を通してボルト19を母材16のボルト穴20に締め込むことで刃材17を母材16に取り付けるようにしてあり、更に、母材16の長さ方向中央部の対角線方向に、一端部に座刳り部21aを形成したボルト挿通孔21を設けて、該ボルト挿通孔21に通したボルト22をローター8のV溝8a底部のボルト穴23に締め込むことで母材16をローター8に取り付けるようにしてある。
【0004】
上記一軸破砕機では、廃棄物13として、紙、プラスチックフィルム等の原料や自動車部品のような硬質プラスチック等の原料を破砕しているが、この際、ボルトや工具等の金属異物が混入していることがある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、これら破砕原料中の金属異物を事前に100%除去することは困難であり、又、その選別のためには、破砕が必要となり、二軸破砕機等の前処理機により粗破砕、粗選別を行うことが必要となることから、これまでは、そのまま破砕するようにしているため、破砕部6の刃、特に、回転刃7の刃材17が衝撃を受けることにより、刃先が次々に欠け落ち、該欠け落ちた刃先で次々に刃材17を傷めていくこと(刃の自爆)になる。
【0006】
したがって、従来では、上記したように、母材16に対し刃材17をボルト19止めとして、刃材17の刃先が損傷すると、その向きを変えることで対処できるようにしてあり、そのため、刃材17は厚みを厚くしてボルト止めに適するようにしてあるが、現実には、図8に示す如く、刃先の損傷部からボルト孔18に向かって亀裂24が発生していることがほとんどであり、刃材17の向きを変えても、刃材17と母材16との間に隙間やがたが生じ易くなるので、再使用することは困難であった。又、刃材17が欠け落ちると母材16も損傷を受け、変形することから、母材16を交換しなければならなくなり、更に、刃材17が正常であっても母材16が変形することもあり、そのような場合、取り付けが不安定となり再使用が困難となり、更に又、刃材17を厚くしているため、それだけ母材16のボルト挿通孔21から母材16の先端面までの距離が短かくなり、母材16の強度にも問題があった。
【0007】
そこで、本発明は、刃材の厚さを薄くし、刃材の刃先が損傷を受けても、その被害を最小限に抑えることができるようにすると共に、母材の強度を高め得るような破砕機用刃物を提供しようとするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状とし且つ5mm程度の薄肉構造とした刃材とし、該薄肉構造とした刃材を上記母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成とする。
【0009】
刃材の刃先が衝撃により損傷したとしても、刃材にはボルト孔がなく、しかも母材に対し接合してあることから、亀裂が生じたとしても最小限に抑えることができ、母材から刃材が脱落することがなくて自爆を防止することができる。又、刃材の厚みが薄い分、母材の先端面とボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くできるので、母材の強度が向上して変形防止に有利となる。
【0010】
又、上記構成において、刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とした刃材を2つに分割した刃材とし、該各刃材を母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該各刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成とすることにより、刃材の刃先が損傷しても亀裂が反対側の刃へ進行することを確実に防止することができる。
【0011】
更に、刃材を、薄肉構造とし且つ小さい刃先のみの形状とした2つの小さい刃材とし、該2つの小さい刃材を母材先端面のコーナー部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにした構成としたり、刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とし且つその中央部を刳り抜いて周辺部のみを残した形状の刃材とし、該刃材を母材先端面の周辺部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成とすることにより、刃材の材料費をより削減することができると共に、母材を更に厚くできるため、母材の変形防止上より有利となる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
【0013】
図1(イ)(ロ)は本発明の実施の一形態を示すもので、破砕機用刃物として、一軸破砕機用回転刃への採用例について示す。すなわち、図5乃至図7に示した場合と同様に、正四角柱形状として長さ方向(厚み方向)の中央部に対角線方向に貫通するボルト挿通孔21を設けた母材16と、該母材16の先端面と同一形状の正方形として上記母材16の先端面に配置する刃材とからなり、上記母材16をローター8の周面部の刃物受部としてのV溝8aにボルト22により着脱可能に取り付けて相手側刃物としての固定刃9との間で破砕原料としての廃棄物13を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物としての一軸破砕機用回転刃7において、上記母材16のボルト挿通孔21の一端部に座刳り部21aを、又、他端部に座刳り部21bをそれぞれ形成し、ボルト挿通孔21にいずれの方向からボルト22を挿通させても頭部が座刳り部21a又は21b内に入り込んで外側へ突出しないようにして、ボルト挿通孔21へのボルト22の挿通方向を切り換えることでローター8のV溝8aへの母材16の取付位置を180゜変えられるようにし、一方、上記刃材を、たとえば、5mm程度の薄肉構造とした刃材17Aとし、該刃材17Aを、母材16の先端面に、銀ろう付けにより接合し、該刃材17Aの上記ボルト挿通孔21方向で相対向する2つのエッジ部を2つの刃先17a,17bとして使用できるようにする。25は銀ろう付けによる接合部である。
【0014】
上記構成としてある回転刃7は、図5乃至図7に示したと同様に、ローター8のV溝8a部に取り付けて使用する。この場合、刃材17Aの刃先17aを破砕用に使用するときは、母材16のボルト挿通孔21に、ボルト22を座刳り部21a側から挿通させてローター8のV溝8a部に取り付けるようにする。
【0015】
廃棄物13の破砕作業を行っている場合において、廃棄物13中に金属異物が混入していると、刃材17Aの刃先17aに衝撃が与えられることになるが、刃材17Aは母材16に対し銀ろう付けによる接合部25によって接合されているため、刃先17aに損傷を受けても亀裂が生じにくく、又、たとえ亀裂が生じたとしても、上記接合部25により母材16上から欠落しにくく母材16上に残っているため、次々に欠け落ちて行って自爆してしまうようなことがなくなる。したがって、刃材17Aの被害を最小限に抑えることができる。更に、刃材17Aは従来の刃材17よりも薄肉にしてあることに伴い母材16の長さを長くできるため、母材16の先端とボルト挿通孔21までの距離を長くすることができ、母材16の強度を向上できて変形防止効果を向上できる利点がある。
【0016】
上記のようにして、刃材17Aの刃先17aの損傷が蓄積されて行って、刃先17aが使用に耐えられないような状態になったときは、刃先17aに代えて刃先17bを使用するようにする。この場合、母材16に挿通させてローター8のV溝8a部に締め込んでおいたボルト22を緩めて一旦取り外し、回転刃7全体を反転させた後、母材16のボルト挿通孔21に、ボルト22を座刳り部21b側から挿通させてローター8のV溝8a部に取り付けるようにする。これにより、刃材17Aの向きが180゜変えられることにより、刃先17bを使用側となる外側に位置させることができる。
【0017】
本発明においては、上記したように、母材16に対し刃材17Aが銀ろう付けされていて母材16と刃物17Aの間に隙間やがたがないので、勝手反対にすることで2回使用することができる。
【0018】
次に図2(イ)(ロ)は本発明の実施の他の形態を示すもので、図1(イ)(ロ)に示したものと同様な構成において、図1(イ)(ロ)に示した刃材17Aを2つに分割して、刃先17aを有する刃材17Bと17bを有する刃材17Bとからなる構成としたものである。すなわち、正方形状の刃材17Aを対角線方向に分割して、共に刃先17a,17bを有する直角二等辺三角形状の2枚の刃材17Bとし、該2枚の刃材17Bを母材16の先端面に、正方形状となるように並べて銀ろう付けにより接合したものである。その他の構成は図1(イ)(ロ)に示したものと同じであり、同一部分には同一符号が付してある。
【0019】
図2(イ)(ロ)に示す実施の形態の場合には、一方の刃先17aを形成する刃材17Bと他方の刃先17bを形成する刃材17Bとが別体構造となっているため、片側の刃先17a又は17bに亀裂が生じたとしても反対側の刃先17b又は17aの方向へ向けて亀裂が進展することはなく、2つの刃先17a,17bを、各刃先が寿命に達するまで、相手側の刃先に損傷の影響を与えることなく使用することができる。
【0020】
次いで、図3(イ)(ロ)は本発明の実施の更に他の形態を示すもので、図2(イ)(ロ)に示した2つの刃材17Bと同様な構成において、刃材17Bに代えて、小さい刃先17a,17bのみの形状とした小さい刃材17Cからなる構成とし、且つ該2枚の刃材17Cを母材16の先端面のコーナー部に埋めるように接合したものである。すなわち、図2(イ)(ロ)に示した直角二等辺三角形状の刃材17Bよりも小さく形成した2枚の刃材17Cを用意し、一方、母材16を、ボルト挿通孔21より先端側を刃材を取り付けた長さ分の長さとして、該母材16のボルト挿通孔21の方向となる先端面の2つのコーナー部に、予め刃材17Cの形状及び厚みに対応する段差凹部26をそれぞれ設けておいて、これらの段差凹部26に刃材17Cをそれぞれ銀ろう付けにより接合したものである。
【0021】
図3(イ)(ロ)に示すようにすると、固定刃との間で切断する幅は小さくなるが、使用する刃材17Cが小さいことから、損傷の被害程度を減少させることができると共に、材料費を削減できてコストダウンを図ることができる。又、母材16のボルト挿通孔21より先端側の長さを長くできて、その分強度向上を図ることができるので、母材16の変形防止効果をより向上させることができる。
【0022】
更に、図4(イ)(ロ)は本発明の実施の更に別の形態を示すもので、図1(イ)(ロ)に示したものと同様な構成において、刃材を、中央部に刳り抜き部17cを形成して周辺部のみを残した形状の刃材17Dとし、且つ該刃材17Dを母材16の先端面の周辺部に埋めるように接合したものである。すなわち、母材16を、ボルト挿通孔21より先端側を刃材を取り付けた長さ分の長さとして、該母材16の先端面の周辺部に連続する段差凹部27を設けておいて、該母材16の段差凹部27に正方形の枠状に形成した刃材17Dを嵌めて銀ろう付けにより接合し、刃材17Dを母材16の先端部に鉢巻状に取り付けたものである。
【0023】
図4(イ)(ロ)に示す実施の形態においても、刃材17Dの刃先17aと17bの間に母材16自体が介在しているため、片方の刃先17a又は17b側から反対側の刃先17b又は17aへの亀裂の進展を防止することができ、又、図3(イ)(ロ)に示したものと同様に、母材16のボルト挿通孔21から先端までの長さが長くなった分だけ母材16の強度を向上でき、変形防止効果を更に向上させることができる。
【0024】
なお、上記実施の形態では、母材16と刃材との接合部25として銀ろう付けを採用した場合を示したが、銀ろう以外の硬ろうを用いた硬ろう付けを採用したり、あるいは、ボルト以外の他の接合方式を採用して接合するようにしてもよいこと、又、実施の形態では、一軸破砕機の回転刃7への採用例について示したが、相手側の刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある他の形式の破砕機の刃物に採用してもよいこと、その他本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上述べた如く、本発明の破砕機用刃物によれば、長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状とし且つ5mm程度の薄肉構造とした刃材とし、該薄肉構造とした刃材を上記母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成としてあるので、次の如き優れた効果を発揮する。
(1) 母材の先端面に薄肉とした刃材を取り付けた刃物とすることができて、刃先が亀裂等の損傷を受けてもその被害を最小限に抑えることができて、刃材の自爆を防止することができると共に、刃材の肉厚が薄い分、母材のボルト挿通孔より先端面までの長さを長くできて母材強度を向上させることができる。
(2) 刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とした刃材を2つに分割した刃材とし、該各刃材を母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該各刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成とすることにより、一方の刃先の損傷の影響を他方の刃先に与えることを確実に防ぐことができる。
(3) 刃材を、薄肉構造とし且つ小さい刃先のみの形状とした2つの小さい刃材とし、該2つの小さい刃材を母材の先端面のコーナー部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにした構成としたり、刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とし且つその中央部を刳り抜いて周辺部のみを残した形状の刃材とし、該刃材を母材先端面の周辺部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成とすることにより、刃材の材料費を削減できるのでコストダウンを図ることができ、又、母材のボルト挿通孔から先端面までの長さを更に長くできることから、母材の変形防止上より有利となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の破砕機用刃物の実施の一形態を示すもので、(イ)は一軸破砕機用回転刃の外観を示す斜視図、(ロ)は(イ)の中央部縦断面図である。
【図2】本発明の実施の他の形態を示すもので、(イ)は一軸破砕機用回転刃の外観を示す斜視図、(ロ)は(イ)の中央部縦断面図である。
【図3】本発明の実施の更に他の形態を示すもので、(イ)は一軸破砕機用回転刃の外観を示す斜視図、(ロ)は(イ)の中央部縦断面図である。
【図4】本発明の実施の更に別の形態を示すもので、(イ)は一軸破砕機用回転刃の外観を示す斜視図、(ロ)は(イ)の中央部縦断面図である。
【図5】一軸破砕機の一例を示す概略図である。
【図6】図5の一軸破砕機で使用している破砕部の概要図である。
【図7】図6のA部の拡大図である。
【図8】従来の回転刃で用いている刃先の損傷例を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
7 回転刃(破砕機用刃物)
8a V溝(刃物受部)
9 固定刃(相手側刃物)
13 廃棄物(破砕原料)
16 母材
17A,17B,17C,17D 刃材
17a,17b 刃先
21 ボルト挿通孔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a blade used in a crusher such as a uniaxial crusher that crushes various types of waste such as industrial waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an example, for a uniaxial crusher, the uniaxial crusher is provided with a casing 2 extending in the front-rear direction (arrow X direction) on a gantry 3 as schematically shown in FIGS. The inlet 4 is opened at the front side position of the upper surface plate 2 a of the casing 2, the lower end of the hopper 5 is attached to the inlet 4, and the front end is at the required height position in the casing 2. The base plate 1 is provided horizontally in the front-rear direction so as to extend to the lower region near the center of the base plate 4 and is rotationally driven between the front end portion of the base plate 1 and the front wall plate 2 b of the casing 2. The rotor 8 arranged in the left-right direction, a number of rotary blades 7 attached to the outer peripheral surface portion of the rotor 8, the front end portion of the base plate 1 and the inner surface of the casing front wall plate 2b that sandwich the rotor 8 in the front-rear direction With the above rotary blade 7 and the required clearance A crushing portion 6 including a fixed blade 9 attached so as to face each other is provided. Further, a pusher block 11 is disposed on the base plate 1, and an expansion / contraction of an expansion / contraction actuator 10 disposed in the front-rear direction on the base plate 1. The pusher block 11 can be moved forward and backward on the base plate 1 along the guide rail 12 by the operation, and the waste 13 thrown on the base plate 1 from the hopper 5 through the inlet 4 is operated by the operation of the telescopic actuator 10. The pusher block 11 moved forward is pressed against the rotor 8 so that it can be crushed by the crushing section 6. The waste 13 crushed by the crushing section 6 is a screen 14 disposed below the rotor 8. And is discharged from the discharge port 15.
[0003]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in an enlarged manner, the crushing portion 6 is provided with a large number of V grooves 8a along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 8 at a predetermined pitch in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of rotary blades 7 are attached, while the fixed blade 9 is provided with a saw blade edge 9a corresponding to the V groove 8a of the rotor 8. The rotary blade 7 is a blade disposed on the front end surface of the base material 16 as a shape corresponding to the front end surface which is a one end surface in the length direction of the base material 16 and a base material 16 having a square prism shape. The four edge portions of the blade material 17 can be used as a cutting edge by changing the attachment position (direction) of the blade material 17 with respect to the base material 16 by 90 °. For this purpose, a bolt hole 18 with a counterbore 18a is provided at the center of the blade member 17, and the bolt 19 is tightened into the bolt hole 20 of the base member 16 through the bolt hole 18 so that the blade member 17 is attached to the base member. Furthermore, a bolt insertion hole 21 having a counterbore 21a formed at one end is provided in the diagonal direction of the central portion in the length direction of the base material 16, and the bolt insertion hole 21 is passed through the bolt insertion hole 21. Connect the bolt 22 to the bottom of the V groove 8a of the rotor 8. Screwing the preparative holes 23 are to attach the base material 16 to the rotor 8.
[0004]
In the above uniaxial crusher, raw materials such as paper and plastic film and hard plastics such as automobile parts are crushed as waste 13, but at this time, metal foreign matters such as bolts and tools are mixed. There may be.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it is difficult to remove 100% of the metal foreign substances in these crushing raw materials in advance, and crushing is necessary for the selection, and rough crushing and roughing are performed by a pretreatment machine such as a twin-screw crusher. Since it is necessary to perform sorting, the blades of the crushing unit 6, particularly the blade material 17 of the rotary blade 7, are impacted one after another because the blades of the crushing unit 6, particularly the blade material 17 of the rotary blade 7 are impacted. The chipping off occurs, and the blade material 17 is damaged one after another by the chipped blade edge (blade self-destruction).
[0006]
Therefore, conventionally, as described above, the blade material 17 is fixed to the base material 16 with the bolts 19 so that the blade edge of the blade material 17 can be dealt with by changing its direction. 17 is thickened to be suitable for bolting, but in reality, as shown in FIG. 8, most of the cracks 24 are generated from the damaged portion of the blade edge toward the bolt hole 18. Even if the direction of the blade member 17 is changed, a gap or rattle is likely to occur between the blade member 17 and the base material 16, so that it is difficult to reuse the blade member 17. Further, if the blade material 17 is chipped off, the base material 16 is also damaged and deformed, so that the base material 16 must be replaced. Further, even if the blade material 17 is normal, the base material 16 is deformed. In such a case, the attachment becomes unstable and it is difficult to reuse. Further, since the blade member 17 is made thicker, the bolt insertion hole 21 of the base material 16 to the tip surface of the base material 16 is increased accordingly. The distance becomes shorter and the strength of the base material 16 is also problematic.
[0007]
Therefore, the present invention reduces the thickness of the blade material so that even if the blade edge of the blade material is damaged, the damage can be minimized, and the strength of the base material can be increased. An object is to provide a cutter for a crusher.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a square columnar base material that can be detachably attached to a blade receiving portion using a bolt insertion hole provided in a central portion in the length direction, and the base. In a cutter for a crusher, which consists of a blade attached to a tip surface which is one end surface in the length direction of the material, and is intended to crush the crushed raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and the counterpart blade, The blade material has the same shape as the tip surface of the base material and has a thin structure of about 5 mm, the blade material having the thin structure is joined to the tip surface of the base material, and the tip of the base material The length between the surface and the bolt insertion hole is increased, and the edge portion of the blade material can be used as the cutting edge.
[0009]
Even if the blade edge of the blade material is damaged by impact, the blade material has no bolt holes and is bonded to the base material, so it can be minimized even if cracks occur. The blade material does not fall off, and self-destruction can be prevented. Further, since the blade material is thin, the length from the tip surface of the base material to the bolt insertion hole can be increased, so that the strength of the base material is improved, which is advantageous for preventing deformation.
[0010]
In the above arrangement, the blade member, the blade member having a thin structure as a front end surface and the same shape of the base material and the blade member divided into two, and joining the respective blade member to the distal end surface of the base material The edge of the base material and the bolt insertion hole are lengthened so that the edge portion of each blade material can be used as the blade edge. However, it is possible to reliably prevent the crack from proceeding to the opposite blade.
[0011]
Furthermore, the blade member, and two small blade member having a shape of only and small cutting edge and a thin structure, with the two small blade member joined to fill the corner portion of the front end surface of the base material, the base material of the distal end surface and the or a structure which is adapted to increase the length up to the bolt insertion hole, the blade member, only the peripheral portion pulled hollowed was a thin structure and the center portion as the leading end face of the same shape of the base material a blade member of the residual shape, by joining to fill the blade member to the periphery of the Hahazai tip surface, so as to increase the length to the distal end surface and the bolt insertion hole of the base material, the blade By adopting a configuration in which the edge portion of the material can be used as a cutting edge, the material cost of the blade material can be further reduced, and the base material can be made thicker, which is advantageous for preventing deformation of the base material. .
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
1 (a) and 1 (b) show an embodiment of the present invention, and show an application example to a rotary blade for a single-shaft crusher as a cutter for a crusher. That is, as in the case shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, the base material 16 provided with bolt insertion holes 21 penetrating in the diagonal direction at the center in the length direction (thickness direction) as a regular quadrangular prism shape, and the base material 16 is composed of a blade material arranged on the tip surface of the base material 16 as a square having the same shape as the tip surface of the base material 16, and the base material 16 is attached to and detached from the V groove 8 a as a blade receiving portion on the peripheral surface portion of the rotor 8 by a bolt 22. In the rotary blade 7 for a uniaxial crusher as a cutter for a crusher, which can be attached to the fixed blade 9 as a counterpart blade and crush the waste 13 as a crushing raw material, A bolted portion 21a is formed at one end of the bolt insertion hole 21 and a bolted portion 21b is formed at the other end, and the head is seated regardless of which direction the bolt 22 is inserted into the bolt inserted hole 21. Get into part 21a or 21b The mounting position of the base material 16 in the V groove 8a of the rotor 8 can be changed by 180 ° by switching the insertion direction of the bolt 22 into the bolt insertion hole 21 so that it does not protrude outward. The material is, for example, a blade material 17A having a thin structure of about 5 mm, the blade material 17A is joined to the tip surface of the base material 16 by silver brazing, and the blade material 17A is connected in the direction of the bolt insertion hole 21. Two opposite edge portions can be used as the two cutting edges 17a and 17b. Reference numeral 25 denotes a joint by silver brazing.
[0014]
The rotary blade 7 having the above configuration is used by being attached to the V-groove 8a portion of the rotor 8 in the same manner as shown in FIGS. In this case, when the cutting edge 17a of the blade material 17A is used for crushing, the bolt 22 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 21 of the base material 16 from the side facing portion 21a side and attached to the V groove 8a portion of the rotor 8. To.
[0015]
In the case where the waste 13 is being crushed, if a foreign metal is mixed in the waste 13, an impact is applied to the blade edge 17 a of the blade 17 </ b> A. On the other hand, since it is joined by the joining part 25 by silver brazing, even if the blade edge 17a is damaged, it is difficult to generate a crack, and even if a crack occurs, it is missing from the base material 16 by the joining part 25. Since it is difficult to remain and remains on the base material 16, there is no possibility of dropping one after another and causing self-destruction. Therefore, damage to the blade material 17A can be minimized. Furthermore, since the blade member 17A is made thinner than the conventional blade member 17, the length of the base material 16 can be increased, so the distance between the tip of the base material 16 and the bolt insertion hole 21 can be increased. There is an advantage that the strength of the base material 16 can be improved and the deformation preventing effect can be improved.
[0016]
As described above, when the damage to the blade edge 17a of the blade material 17A is accumulated and the blade edge 17a becomes unusable, the blade edge 17b is used instead of the blade edge 17a. To do. In this case, the bolt 22 inserted through the base material 16 and tightened in the V-groove 8a portion of the rotor 8 is loosened and removed once, and the entire rotary blade 7 is reversed, and then the bolt insertion hole 21 of the base material 16 is inserted. The bolt 22 is inserted from the side of the seat 21b and attached to the V groove 8a of the rotor 8. Thereby, the direction of the blade material 17A is changed by 180 °, so that the blade edge 17b can be positioned on the outer side on the use side.
[0017]
In the present invention, as described above, the blade material 17A is silver brazed to the base material 16, and there is no gap or rattling between the base material 16 and the blade 17A. Can be used.
[0018]
Next, FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show another embodiment of the present invention. In the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), FIGS. The blade material 17A shown in FIG. 5 is divided into two parts, and the blade material 17B has a blade edge 17a and the blade material 17B has a structure 17b. That is, the square blade member 17A is divided in a diagonal direction to form two right-angled isosceles triangular blade members 17B having blade edges 17a and 17b, and the two blade members 17B are used as the tips of the base material 16. The surfaces are arranged in a square shape and joined by silver brazing. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0019]
In the case of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the blade material 17B forming one blade edge 17a and the blade material 17B forming the other blade edge 17b have a separate structure. Even if a crack occurs in one of the blade edges 17a or 17b, the crack does not progress in the direction of the opposite blade edge 17b or 17a, and the two blade edges 17a and 17b are moved to each other until each blade edge reaches the end of its life. It can be used without affecting the side cutting edge.
[0020]
Next, FIGS. 3A and 3B show still another embodiment of the present invention. In the same configuration as the two blade materials 17B shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the blade material 17B. Instead of this, it is configured by a small blade material 17C having a shape of only the small blade edges 17a and 17b, and the two blade materials 17C are joined so as to be embedded in the corner portion of the front end surface of the base material 16. . That is, two blade materials 17C formed smaller than the right-angled isosceles triangle-shaped blade material 17B shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are prepared, while the base material 16 is inserted from the bolt insertion hole 21 to the tip. Stepped recesses corresponding to the shape and thickness of the blade material 17C in advance at the two corner portions of the tip surface in the direction of the bolt insertion hole 21 of the base material 16 with the side as long as the blade material is attached. 26 are provided, and the blade material 17C is joined to the stepped recesses 26 by silver brazing.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the width of cutting with the fixed blade is small, but since the blade material 17C used is small, the degree of damage can be reduced, Material costs can be reduced and costs can be reduced. Moreover, since the length of the tip side of the base material 16 from the bolt insertion hole 21 can be increased and the strength can be improved accordingly, the deformation preventing effect of the base material 16 can be further improved.
[0022]
Further, FIGS. 4A and 4B show still another embodiment of the present invention. In the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. A blade material 17D having a shape in which a punched-out portion 17c is formed to leave only the peripheral portion, and the blade material 17D is joined so as to be embedded in the peripheral portion of the distal end surface of the base material 16. That is, with the base material 16 having a length corresponding to the length of the cutting edge attached to the front end side from the bolt insertion hole 21, a stepped concave portion 27 is provided continuously to the periphery of the front end surface of the base material 16, A blade 17D formed in a square frame shape is fitted into the stepped recess 27 of the base material 16 and joined by silver brazing, and the blade material 17D is attached to the tip of the base material 16 in a headband shape.
[0023]
Also in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, since the base material 16 itself is interposed between the blade edges 17a and 17b of the blade material 17D, the blade edge on the opposite side from the one blade edge 17a or 17b side. It is possible to prevent the crack from progressing to 17b or 17a, and the length from the bolt insertion hole 21 to the tip of the base material 16 becomes longer as shown in FIGS. Accordingly, the strength of the base material 16 can be improved, and the deformation preventing effect can be further improved.
[0024]
In the above embodiment, the case where the silver brazing is adopted as the joint portion 25 between the base material 16 and the blade material is shown. However, the brazing using a hard brazing other than the silver brazing is adopted, or In addition, in the embodiment, the example of the application to the rotary blade 7 of the uniaxial crusher has been shown, but it is possible to employ other joining methods other than bolts. Of course, it may be applied to the blades of other types of crushing machines that crush the crushing raw material between them, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the cutter for a crusher of the present invention, a square pillar-shaped mother that can be detachably attached to the cutter receiver using the bolt insertion hole provided in the center in the length direction. A crusher comprising: a material and a blade attached to a tip surface which is one end surface in the length direction of the base material, and crushing a crushing raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and a counterpart blade In the cutting tool, the blade material is a blade material having the same shape as the tip surface of the base material and a thin structure of about 5 mm, and the blade material having the thin structure is joined to the tip surface of the base material, Since the length from the tip surface of the base material to the bolt insertion hole is increased and the edge portion of the blade material can be used as the blade edge, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) It is possible to make a blade with a thin blade attached to the tip of the base material, and even if the blade edge is damaged such as cracks, the damage can be minimized. In addition to preventing self-explosion, the length of the base material from the bolt insertion hole to the tip surface can be increased and the strength of the base material can be improved because the blade material is thin.
(2) The blade material is a blade material obtained by dividing a blade material having the same shape as the tip surface of the base material into a thin structure into two parts, and each of the blade materials is joined to the tip surface of the base material. The length between the tip surface of the blade and the bolt insertion hole is increased, and the edge portion of each blade material can be used as the blade edge. Can be surely prevented.
(3) The blade material is made of two small blade materials having a thin structure and only a small blade edge, and the two small blade materials are joined so as to be buried in the corner portion of the front end surface of the base material. The length between the tip end surface of the material and the bolt insertion hole is made longer, or the blade material has the same shape as the tip end surface of the base material and has a thin-walled structure, and the center portion is hollowed out so that only the peripheral portion is The blade material is shaped so as to remain, and the blade material is joined so as to be embedded in the periphery of the base material tip surface, so that the length between the tip surface of the base material and the bolt insertion hole is increased, By adopting a configuration in which the edge part of the blade material can be used as the blade edge, the material cost of the blade material can be reduced, so that the cost can be reduced, and the length from the bolt insertion hole of the base material to the tip surface can be reduced. Since the length can be further increased, it is more advantageous in preventing deformation of the base material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show an embodiment of a cutter for a crusher according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the appearance of a rotary blade for a uniaxial crusher, and FIG. FIG.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing an appearance of a rotary blade for a single-shaft crusher, and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view of a central portion of FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show still another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing the appearance of a rotary blade for a single-shaft crusher, and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of the central portion of FIG. .
4A and 4B show still another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing the appearance of a rotary blade for a uniaxial crusher, and FIG. 4B is a longitudinal sectional view of the central portion of FIG. .
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a uniaxial crusher.
6 is a schematic view of a crushing unit used in the uniaxial crusher of FIG. 5;
7 is an enlarged view of a part A in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of damage to a blade edge used in a conventional rotary blade.
[Explanation of symbols]
7 Rotating blade (Crusher blade)
8a V groove (blade receiving part)
9 Fixed blade (mating tool)
13 Waste (crushed raw material)
16 Base material 17A, 17B, 17C, 17D Blade material 17a, 17b Cutting edge 21 Bolt insertion hole

Claims (4)

長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状とし且つ5mm程度の薄肉構造とした刃材とし、該薄肉構造とした刃材を上記母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成を有することを特徴とする破砕機用刃物。A square pillar-shaped base material that can be detachably attached to the blade receiving portion using a bolt insertion hole provided in the center in the length direction, and a tip surface that is one end surface in the length direction of the base material In the cutter for a crusher, which is configured to crush the crushing raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and the counterpart blade, the blade material is the same as the tip surface of the base material. The blade material is shaped and has a thin structure of about 5 mm, the blade material having the thin structure is joined to the front end surface of the base material, and the length between the front end surface of the base material and the bolt insertion hole is increased. The blade for a crusher is characterized by having a configuration in which the edge portion of the blade material can be used as a blade edge. 長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とした刃材を2つに分割した刃材とし、該各刃材を母材の先端面に接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該各刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成を有することを特徴とする破砕機用刃物。A square pillar-shaped base material that can be detachably attached to the blade receiving portion using a bolt insertion hole provided in the center in the length direction, and a tip surface that is one end surface in the length direction of the base material In the cutter for a crusher, which is configured to crush the crushing raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and the counterpart blade, the blade material is the same as the tip surface of the base material. The blade material having a thin structure as a shape is divided into two blade materials, each blade material is joined to the tip surface of the base material, and the length between the tip surface of the base material and the bolt insertion hole is increased. The blade for a crusher is characterized by having a configuration in which the edge portion of each blade material can be used as a blade edge. 長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、薄肉構造とし且つ小さい刃先のみの形状とした2つの小さい刃材とし、該2つの小さい刃材を母材の先端面のコーナー部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにした構成を有することを特徴とする破砕機用刃物。A square pillar-shaped base material that can be detachably attached to the blade receiving portion using a bolt insertion hole provided in the center in the length direction, and a tip surface that is one end surface in the length direction of the base material A blade for a crusher, which is configured to crush the crushing raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and the counterpart blade, and the blade material has a thin structure and only a small cutting edge And joining the two small blades so as to be embedded in the corners of the front end surface of the base material, the length between the front end surface of the base material and the bolt insertion hole A cutter for a crusher, characterized by having a lengthened configuration. 長さ方向の中央部に設けたボルト挿通孔を利用して刃物受部に対し着脱可能に取り付けられるようにした四角柱形状の母材と該母材の長さ方向の一端面となる先端面に取り付ける刃材とからなり、該母材先端の刃材と相手側刃物との間で破砕原料を破砕するようにしてある破砕機用刃物において、上記刃材を、母材の先端面と同一形状として薄肉構造とし且つその中央部を刳り抜いて周辺部のみを残した形状の刃材とし、該刃材を母材先端面の周辺部に埋めるように接合して、該母材の先端面と上記ボルト挿通孔までの長さを長くするようにし、該刃材のエッジ部を刃先として使用できるようにした構成を有することを特徴とする破砕機用刃物。A square pillar-shaped base material that can be detachably attached to the blade receiving portion using a bolt insertion hole provided in the center in the length direction, and a tip surface that is one end surface in the length direction of the base material In the cutter for a crusher, which is configured to crush the crushing raw material between the blade material at the tip of the base material and the counterpart blade, the blade material is the same as the tip surface of the base material. The shape of the blade is a thin-walled structure and the center portion is hollowed out to leave only the peripheral portion, and the blade material is joined so as to be embedded in the peripheral portion of the base material front end surface. And a cutting tool for a crusher, characterized in that the length to the bolt insertion hole is increased and the edge portion of the blade material can be used as a cutting edge.
JP2002074524A 2002-03-18 2002-03-18 Crusher blade Expired - Fee Related JP4010163B2 (en)

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