JP4009099B2 - Irregular pattern decorative sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Irregular pattern decorative sheet and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4009099B2
JP4009099B2 JP2001382691A JP2001382691A JP4009099B2 JP 4009099 B2 JP4009099 B2 JP 4009099B2 JP 2001382691 A JP2001382691 A JP 2001382691A JP 2001382691 A JP2001382691 A JP 2001382691A JP 4009099 B2 JP4009099 B2 JP 4009099B2
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layer
transparent
concavo
uneven
sheet
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JP2003181990A (en
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忠弘 村上
泰秀 深田
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Nissha Printing Co Ltd
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Nissha Printing Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、建材、自動車用内外装部品、家電製品用部品、携帯電話用部品などの樹脂成形品を装飾するために用いる凹凸模様加飾シートとその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、表面に微細な凹凸形状を有する基体シートの凹凸面の上に、透明な剥離層、金属薄膜層、接着層などを順次形成した転写材があった。このような構成の転写材の接着層側を樹脂成形品に密着させ、加熱加圧した後、基体シートを剥離層との間で剥離して除去すると、基体シートの凹凸形状が剥離層表面に写しとられ、ヘアライン模様、スピン模様、マット模様、ローレット模様などの微細凹凸形状を、成形品表面に付与することができる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、このような剥離層の表面に形成された微細凹凸形状からなる模様には、引っかき傷が目立ちやすいという問題がある。すなわち、ヘアライン模様など、一定の方向に沿って凹凸形状が形成されている場合に、この方向と異なった方向に引っかき傷が生じると、その傷は非常に目立ちやすいものとなる。また、微細凹凸形状の凸部頂点のみがつぶれるような傷であっても、実際の頂点のつぶれ具合よりも大きな傷が生じたように見えてしまう。
【0004】
また、転写材は各層の膜厚が薄く、金属薄膜層より上に位置する剥離層の厚さが薄いため、重厚感に欠ける装飾しか得ることができないという問題がある。
【0005】
そこで、転写加工の後、さらに透明樹脂の塗装を行い、成形品の表面強度を高めるとともに厚さの大きい透明層を形成することも考えられるが、剥離層が有する表面凹凸形状が埋まってしまい、表面凹凸形状によって表現される模様の鮮明性が失われたり、模様が消失するなどの不具合がある。
【0006】
したがって、この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消し、微細凹凸模様が傷つきにくく、重厚感に優れた凹凸模様加飾シートとその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートは、以上の目的を達成するために、つぎのように構成した。
【0008】
つまり、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートは、微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層が立体加工性を有する透明な基材シートの背面側に少なくとも積層され、透明凹凸層の微細凹凸形状が凹凸模様加飾シート表面に露出していない凹凸模様加飾シートであって、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で凹凸模様加飾シートを縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有するように構成した。
【0009】
また、上記の発明において、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験前における凹凸模様加飾シートの透明凹凸層が、凹凸の幅0.15〜150μm、深さ0.15〜15μmの微細凹凸形状を有するように構成してもよい。
【0010】
また、上記の発明において、凹凸模様加飾シートの最背面側に接着層が積層されるように構成してもよい。
【0011】
また、上記の発明において、透明凹凸層の背面側に光輝性層が透明凹凸層に接するように構成してもよい。
【0012】
また、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法は、立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート上に、微細な凹凸面を有する基体シートの凹凸面に透明層が少なくとも設けられた転写材の透明層側を接着し、基体シートを透明層との間で剥離して除去することによって透明凹凸層を形成し、次いで透明凹凸層の上に接着層を少なくとも形成することによって上記した凹凸模様加飾シートを得るように構成した。
【0013】
また、立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート上に、微細な凹凸面を有する基体シートの凹凸面に透明層が少なくとも設けられた転写材の透明層側を接着し、基体シートを透明層との間で剥離して除去することによって透明凹凸層を形成し、次いで透明凹凸層の上に光輝性層および接着層を少なくとも形成することによって上記した凹凸模様加飾シートを得るように構成した。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
図面を参照しながらこの発明の実施の形態について詳しく説明する。
【0015】
図1は、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの一実施例を示す断面図である。図2は、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法に用いる転写材の一実施例を示す断面図である。図3は、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの透明凹凸層の凹凸幅および凹凸深さを示す断面図である。図4〜5は、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートを用いて凹凸模様成形品を製造する工程を示す断面図である。図6は、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートを用いて得ることができる凹凸模様成形品の一実施例を示す断面図である。図中、10は凹凸模様加飾シート、11は基材シート、12は透明凹凸層、13は光輝性層、14は接着層、20は転写材、21は基体シート、22は透明層、23は接着層、30は凹凸模様成形品、31は金型、32は成形樹脂である。
【0016】
この発明の凹凸模様加飾シート10は、微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層12が立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート11の背面側に少なくとも積層され、透明凹凸層12の微細凹凸形状が凹凸模様加飾シート10表面に露出していないものであって、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で凹凸模様加飾シート10を縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層12が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有するものである(図1参照)。
【0017】
このような構成の凹凸模様加飾シート10を得るには、転写材20を利用するのが好ましい。転写材20としては、凹凸表面を有する基体シート21上に、少なくとも透明層22が形成されたものを用いる(図2参照)。
【0018】
基体シート21の材質としては、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂など、通常の転写材の基体シートとして用いられるものを使用することができる。
【0019】
基体シート21の表面には、微細な凹凸形状を形成しておく。後の工程において基体シート21を剥離することにより、透明層22に基体シート21の微細凹凸形状が写し取られ、ヘアライン模様、スピン模様、マット模様、ローレット模様などの微細凹凸形状を表現することができる。
【0020】
基体シート21の表面に微細凹凸形状を作成する方法としては、ワイヤブラシ、サンドペーパー、スチールウールなどでこすることによって基体シート21の表面に傷をつけるフィルム掘削法がある。また、マット剤を基体シート原反の材料に練り込み、シート化した状態でマット剤が表面に浮き出て凹凸化させるマット剤練り込み法がある。また、樹脂、マット剤、溶剤を混合させたインキを基体シート21にコーティングし、溶剤乾燥後、樹脂表面にマット剤が浮き出ることで凹凸化するマット剤コーティング法がある。また、熱可塑性樹脂よりなる基体シート21を、軟化点近傍または軟化点以上の熱を加えつつ圧力をかけて凹凸型でプレスし、表面に型押しの原理で凹凸を写し取るプレス法などがある。
【0021】
透明層22からの基体シート21の剥離性がよい場合には、基体シート21上に透明層22を直接設ければよい。透明層22からの基体シート21の剥離性を改善するためには、基体シート21上に透明層22を設ける前に、離型層(図示せず)を全面的に形成してもよい。離型層は、転写後に基体シート21を剥離した際に、基体シート21とともに透明層22から除去される。離型層の材質としては、メラミン樹脂系離型剤、シリコーン樹脂系離型剤、フッ素樹脂系離型剤、セルロース誘導体系離型剤、尿素樹脂系離型剤、ポリオレフィン樹脂系離型剤、パラフィン系離型剤およびこれらの複合型離型剤などを用いることができる。離型層の形成方法としては、ロールコート法、スプレーコート法などのコート法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの印刷法がある。
【0022】
透明層22は、基体シート21または離型層上に全面的または部分的に形成する。透明層22は、転写後に基体シート21を剥離した際に、基体シート21の微細凹凸形状が写し取られて透明凹凸層12となる。透明層22の材質としては、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、ゴム系樹脂、ポリウレタン系樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル系樹脂などのほか、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂などのコポリマーを用いるとよい。硬度が必要な場合には、紫外線硬化性樹脂などの光硬化性樹脂、電子線硬化性樹脂などの放射線硬化性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂などを選定して用いるとよい。透明層22は、着色したものでも、未着色のものでもよい。透明層22の形成方法としては、グラビアコート法、ロールコート法、コンマコート法などのコート法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの印刷法がある。
【0023】
また、必要に応じて図柄層(図示せず)を形成してもよい。図柄層の材質としては、ポリビニル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリウレタン系樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂、ポリエステルウレタン系樹脂、セルロースエステル系樹脂、アルキド樹脂などの樹脂をバインダーとし、適切な色の顔料または染料を着色剤として含有する着色インキを用いるとよい。図柄層の形成方法としては、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法、オフセット印刷法などの通常の印刷法などを用いるとよい。特に、多色刷りや階調表現を行うには、オフセット印刷法やグラビア印刷法が適している。また、単色の場合には、グラビアコート法、ロールコート法、コンマコート法などのコート法を採用することもできる。
【0024】
また、必要に応じて接着層23を形成してもよい。接着層23としては、被転写体である基材シート11の素材に適した感熱性あるいは感圧性の樹脂を適宜使用する。たとえば、基材シート11の材質がポリプロピレン樹脂の場合は、塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂、塩素化エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、環化ゴム、クマロンインデン樹脂を用いるとよい。また、基材シート11の材質がアクリル系樹脂の場合はアクリル系樹脂が使用可能である。接着層23の形成方法としては、グラビアコート法、ロールコート法、コンマコート法などのコート法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの印刷法がある。
【0025】
このような層構成の転写材20を用い、基材シート11上に透明凹凸層12を形成する。そのためには、まず、基材シート11の片面に、転写材20の透明層22側を密着させる。
【0026】
基材シート11としては、立体加工性を有する透明なものを用いる。基材シート11の材質としては、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂などの樹脂シートを使用するとよい。
【0027】
次に、シリコンラバーなどの耐熱ゴム状弾性体を備えたロール転写機、アップダウン転写機などの転写機を用い、温度80〜260℃程度、圧力490〜1960Pa程度の条件に設定した耐熱ゴム状弾性体を介して転写材20の基体シート21側から熱と圧力とを加える。こうすることにより、透明層22側が基材シート11の表面に接着する。冷却後に基体シート21を剥がすと、基体シート21と透明層22との間で剥離が起こり、転写が完了する。また、基体シート21上に離型層を設けた場合は、基体シート21を剥がすと、離型層と透明層22との間で剥離が起こり、転写が完了する。このようにして基材シート11上に透明凹凸層12を形成することができる。
【0028】
次いで、透明凹凸層12の上に、必要に応じて光輝性層13を形成する。
【0029】
光輝性層13は、金属薄膜層または印刷層からなり、金属光沢を表現するとともに透明凹凸層12の凹凸がより鮮明に見えるようにする層である。光輝性層13は、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法、イオンプレーティング法、鍍金法などで形成する。表現したい金属光沢色に応じて、アルミニウム、ニッケル、金、白金、クロム、鉄、銅、スズ、インジウム、銀、チタニウム、鉛、亜鉛などの金属、これらの合金または化合物を使用する。部分的な金属薄膜層を形成する場合の一例としては、金属薄膜層を必要としない部分に溶剤可溶性樹脂層を形成した後、その上に全面的に金属薄膜を形成し、溶剤洗浄を行って溶剤可溶性樹脂層と共に不要な金属薄膜を除去する方法がある。この場合によく用いる溶剤は、水または水溶液である。また、別の一例としては、全面的に金属薄膜を形成し、次に金属薄膜を残しておきたい部分にレジスト層を形成し、酸またはアルカリでエッチングを行い、レジスト層を除去する方法がある。
【0030】
また、アルミニウムなどの金属粉などを顔料としたインキを用いて光輝性層13を形成することもできる。印刷層からなる光輝性層13の形成方法としては、オフセット印刷法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの通常の印刷法などを用いるとよい。インキからなる光輝性層13を形成すると、透明凹凸層12の微細凹凸形状を埋めることになる。
【0031】
なお、光輝性層13を設ける際に、他の層との密着性を向上させるために、前アンカー層や後アンカー層を設けてもよい。前アンカー層および後アンカー層の材質としては、2液性硬化ウレタン樹脂、熱硬化ウレタン樹脂、メラミン系樹脂、セルロースエステル系樹脂、塩素含有ゴム系樹脂、塩素含有ビニル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ビニル系共重合体樹脂などを使用するとよい。前アンカー層および後アンカー層の形成方法としては、グラビアコート法、ロールコート法、コンマコート法などのコート法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの印刷法がある。
【0032】
次いで、光輝性層13の上に、必要に応じて接着層14を形成する。接着層14は、凹凸模様加飾シート10によって装飾を行う成形品表面に上記の各層を接着するものである。接着層14としては、被装飾体の表面の素材に適した感熱性あるいは感圧性の樹脂を適宜使用する。たとえば、被装飾体の表面の材質がアクリル系樹脂の場合はアクリル系樹脂を用いるとよい。また、被装飾体の表面の材質がポリフェニレンオキシド・ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、スチレン共重合体系樹脂、ポリスチレン系ブレンド樹脂の場合は、これらの樹脂と親和性のあるアクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂などを使用すればよい。さらに、被装飾体の表面の材質がポリプロピレン樹脂の場合は、塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂、塩素化エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、環化ゴム、クマロンインデン樹脂が使用可能である。接着層14の形成方法としては、グラビアコート法、ロールコート法、コンマコート法などのコート法、グラビア印刷法、スクリーン印刷法などの印刷法がある。
【0033】
このようにして得ることができる凹凸模様加飾シート10において、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層12が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有することが重要である。
【0034】
JISC2318に基づく引っ張り試験は、次のようにして行う。まず、長さ200mm、幅15mmの試験片を、縦方向および横方向から各々5枚ずつ全幅にわたって平均的に採取し、試験片の中央部に50mmの距離をおいて標点をつける。これをショッパ式振り子型引っ張り試験機またはこれに準ずるものにて、つかみの間隔を約100mmとし、試験片をこのつかみに取り付け、約200mm/分の速さで引っ張り伸びを測定する。試験前の標点間距離をL、試験後の標点間距離をLとしたとき、伸度(%)は、((L−L)/L)×100で表される。
【0035】
引っ張り試験を行う雰囲気を110℃としたのは、本発明の凹凸模様加飾シート10の立体加工方法の一つとして用いることができる真空成形法において、凹凸模様加飾シート10を立体加工するのに適する温度を調査した結果、ほとんどの凹凸模様加飾シート10は110〜180℃付近での加工が適当であったため、上記温度範囲の中で最も低い値を採用したものである。できるだけ低い温度で加工した方が、凹凸模様加飾シート10を構成するインキ層やフィルムなどの各光性要素の熱劣化を防ぐことができるという利点がある。
【0036】
また、引っ張り試験において、縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばすのは、110℃における引っ張り試験を調べた結果、少なくとも伸度が200%以上になる機械的性質を有する凹凸模様加飾シート10は、樹脂成形品を装飾するのに十分な深い立体形状の加工が可能だからである。
【0037】
また、引っ張り試験の後、透明凹凸層12が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有するようにする。凹凸幅が0.2μmに満たないと凹凸模様加飾シート10を作成する転写工程において転写不良が発生し、また、凹凸幅が200μmを越えるとデザイン上、微細パターンとしての鮮明性が失われる。また、凹凸深さが0.10μmに満たないと微細パターンとしての鮮明性が失われ、また、凹凸深さが10μmを越えると凹凸模様加飾シート10を作成する転写工程において転写不良が発生する。
【0038】
また、引っ張り試験前に、透明凹凸層12が凹凸の幅0.15〜150μm、深さ0.15〜15μmの微細凹凸形状を有するようにするのが好ましい。透明凹凸層12が上記範囲にあると、引っ張り試験後に透明凹凸層12が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有するように構成することが容易になるからである。
【0039】
なお、この発明において、凹凸の幅とは、透明凹凸層12に多数形成される凹凸の頂点間の最短距離の平均をいう。また、凹凸の深さとは、透明凹凸層12に多数形成される凹凸の最深部から頂部までの平均距離をいう(図3参照)。
【0040】
透明凹凸層12の凹凸幅および凹凸深さについて種々の値となるように転写材20を利用して作成した凹凸模様加飾シート10について、引っ張り試験および凹凸模様成形品30への加工を行った結果を表1および表2に示す。
【0041】
なお、表中、転写性の評価は、基体シート21から透明層22が面積において99%以上転写された場合に○、一部転写されない箇所があるものの透明層22の90%以上99%未満が転写された場合に△、転写されない箇所が多く透明層22が90%未満しか転写されていない場合に×とした。
【0042】
また、引っ張り試験は、各転写材20を温度110℃雰囲気下でJISC2318に基づく引っ張り試験で伸度200%まで引き伸ばし、凹凸の幅と深さの平均値を算出した。
【0043】
また、微細凹凸模様の評価は、微細凹凸模様が成形加工後も鮮明に表現されている場合に○、微細凹凸模様の存在は確認可能であるが鮮明でない場合に△、微細凹凸模様が一部消失したり、微細凹凸模様の鮮明さが失われたりしている場合に×とした。
【0044】
まず、転写材20の基体シート21の凹凸幅を1.0μmに固定し、基体シート21の凹凸深さを種々の値に設定して凹凸模様加飾シート10と凹凸模様成形品30を得た(表1参照)。
【0045】
【表1】

Figure 0004009099
【0046】
基体シート21の凹凸深さが0.15μmに満たない場合、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験前の透明凹凸層12の凹凸深さは、基体シート21に形成した凹凸深さと同じ値を得ることができた。しかし、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験後には透明凹凸層12の凹凸深さが0.10μm未満となり、凹凸模様成形品30においても微細凹凸模様は鮮明でなくなった。
【0047】
基体シート21の凹凸深さが0.15μm以上15.0μm以下である場合、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験前の透明凹凸層12の凹凸深さは、基体シート21に形成した凹凸深さと同じ値を得ることができた。また、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験後には透明凹凸層12の凹凸深さが0.10μm以上10.0μm以下となり、凹凸模様成形品30においても微細凹凸模様は鮮明に表現され、十分な引っかき強度と重厚感を併せ持つものが得られた。
【0048】
基体シート21の凹凸深さが15.0μmを越える場合、転写工程において透明層22が転写されない箇所が多くなり、鮮明な微細凹凸模様を得ることができなかった。
【0049】
次に、転写材20の基体シート21の凹凸深さを1.0μmに固定し、基体シート21の凹凸幅を種々の値に設定して種々の凹凸模様加飾シート10と凹凸模様成形品30を得た(表2参照)。
【0050】
【表2】
Figure 0004009099
【0051】
基体シート21の凹凸幅が0.15μmに満たない場合、転写工程において透明層22が転写されない箇所が多くなり、鮮明な微細凹凸模様を得ることができなかった。
【0052】
基体シート21の凹凸幅が0.15μm以上150.0μm以下である場合、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験前の透明凹凸層12の凹凸幅は、基体シート21に形成した凹凸幅と同じ値を得ることができた。また、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験後には透明凹凸層12の凹凸幅が0.20μm以上200.0μm以下となり、凹凸模様成形品30においても微細凹凸模様は鮮明に表現され、十分な引っかき強度と重厚感を併せ持つものが得られた。
【0053】
基体シート21の凹凸幅が150.0μmを越える場合、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験前の透明凹凸層12の凹凸幅は、基体シート21に形成した凹凸幅と同じ値を得ることができた。しかし、凹凸模様加飾シート10の引っ張り試験後には透明凹凸層12の凹凸幅が200.0μmを大きく越える値となり、凹凸模様成形品30においても微細凹凸模様は鮮明でなくなった。
【0054】
この発明の凹凸模様加飾シート10を用いて凹凸模様成形品30を得る方法の一例について説明する。
【0055】
まず、凹凸模様加飾シート10を射出成形用金型31にセットする(図4参照)。
【0056】
射出成形用金型31へのセットの仕方の具体例としては、ロール軸に長尺の凹凸模様加飾シート10を一旦巻き取ってロール状巻物とし、このロール状巻物を射出成形用の可動型の上部に可動型と一体的に移動可能に載置し、ロール状巻物から凹凸模様加飾シート10を巻き出しながら、退避した可動型と固定型との間を通過させ、射出成形用の可動型の下部に可動型と一体的に移動可能に設置したフィルム巻き取り手段のロール軸により凹凸模様加飾シート10を巻き取るようにすればよい。また、枚葉の凹凸模様加飾シート10を用いて、ロボットや人手により可動型の表面にセットしてもよい。凹凸模様加飾シート10の可動型の表面へのセットに際しては、凹凸模様加飾シート10を可動型の表面に配置した後、可動型の表面に対する凹凸模様加飾シート10の位置を位置決めセンサーなどにより決定し、凹凸模様加飾シート10を射出成形用の可動型の表面にクランプ部材などによって押さえ付けるとよい。
【0057】
次いで、可動型に形成された真空吸引孔を利用して、凹凸模様加飾シート10を可動型のキャビティ形成面に沿わせるように真空吸引することにより、可動型の凹部すなわちキャビティ形成面に沿うように立体形状に加工する。具体例としては、可動型と固定型との間に挿入した加熱板などで、可動型の表面にセットした凹凸模様加飾シート10をその軟化点以上に加熱して軟化させ、可動型の凹部と凹凸模様加飾シート10との間の空間を密閉して真空吸引孔から排気して真空吸引し、可動型の凹部内面に凹凸模様加飾シート10を密着させる方法がある。
【0058】
上記方法に代えて、凹凸模様加飾シート10を射出成形用金型31にセットする前に、射出成形用金型31とは別の立体加工成形用型を用いて凹凸模様加飾シート10をあらかじめ射出成形用金型31のキャビティ形成面に合致する形状に立体加工し、また所望の形状に打抜き加工しておいてもよい。立体加工の方法としては、真空成形法や圧空成形法、熱せられたゴムを押しつける押圧成形法、またはプレス成形法などがある。打抜き加工の方法としては、トムソン打抜き法、金型31によるプレス法などがある。なお、立体加工する際に同時に打抜き加工をしてもよい。
【0059】
次に、射出成形用金型31を型閉めして溶融状態の成形樹脂32を固定型のゲート部からキャビティ内に射出し、成形樹脂32を固化させてキャビティ内で樹脂成形品を形成すると同時にその表面に凹凸模様加飾シート10の接着層14を一体化接着させる(図5参照)。
【0060】
成形樹脂32は、特に限定されることはない。たとえば、アクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリルスチレン系樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン系樹脂などを用いることができる。また、自動車の内装部品や外装部品に用いられる代表的な成形樹脂32としては、タルクを含有したポリプロピレン樹脂、変成ポリプロピレン樹脂などを挙げることができる。
【0061】
その後、型開きして凹凸模様加飾シート10を樹脂成形品とともに取り出し、樹脂成形品に接着した凹凸模様加飾シート10のうち不要な部分を除去する(図6参照)。なお、凹凸模様加飾シート10をあらかじめ打ち抜き加工していた場合には、凹凸模様加飾シート10の不要な部分を除去する作業は不要となる。このようにして、凹凸模様成形品30を得ることができる。
【0062】
この発明の凹凸模様加飾シート10によって装飾された凹凸模様成形品30は、透明凹凸層12の微細凹凸形状が基材シート11によって覆われているので、微細凹凸模様が傷つきにくく、重厚感に優れたものとなる。
【0063】
【実施例】
(実施例1) 厚さ38μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムをサンドペーパーにより磨耗加工し、凹凸幅0.2〜1.0μm、深さ0.2〜8.0μmのヘアライン模様の微細凹凸形状を有する基体シートを作成した。次いで、基体シートの凹凸面上に、アクリル系樹脂からなる透明層と、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂からなる接着層とを、それぞれグラビア印刷法によって形成し、転写材を得た。
【0064】
厚さ125μmのアクリルフィルムを基材シートとし、その上に先に得た転写材を転写することにより、凹凸幅0.2〜1.0μm、深さ0.2〜8.0μmの微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層を基材シート上に形成した。次いで、透明凹凸層の上に、アクリル−ビニル共重合体樹脂/塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂=1/1の樹脂バインダー中にアルミニウムペーストを含有するインキからなる光輝性層と、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂からなる接着層とを、それぞれグラビア印刷法により形成し、凹凸模様加飾シートを得た。
【0065】
このようにして得た凹凸模様加飾シートについて、110℃雰囲気下でJISC2318に基づく引っ張り試験で縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばし、透明凹凸層の凹凸の幅および深さを測定したところ、凹凸幅0.3〜1.4μm、深さ0.15〜7.0μmであった。
【0066】
(参考例1) 実施例1で得られた凹凸模様加飾シートを、真空成形により所望の3次元形状に成形後、耐熱ABSにて射出成形し、ヘアライン模様の微細凹凸形状を有する自動車部品である凹凸模様加飾成形品を得た。このようにして得た凹凸模様加飾成形品の表面は、引っかき強度と重厚感を併せ持つ優れた意匠性を有するものであった。
【0067】
(実施例2) 厚さ38μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムをサンドペーパーにより磨耗加工し、凹凸幅0.3〜1.1μm、深さ0.3〜9.0μmのヘアライン模様の微細凹凸形状を有する基体シートを作成した。次いで、基体シートの凹凸面上に、二液硬化ウレタン系樹脂からなる透明層と、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂からなる接着層とを、それぞれグラビア印刷法により形成し、転写材を得た。
【0068】
厚さ100μmのポリカーボネートとポリブチレンテレフタレートのポリマーアロイフィルムを基材シートとし、その上に先に得た転写材を転写することにより、凹凸幅0.3〜1.1μm、深さ0.3〜9.0μmの微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層を形成した。次いで、透明凹凸層の上に、アルミニウム薄膜からなる光輝性層を形成し、次いで塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体系樹脂からなる接着層をグラビア印刷法により形成し、凹凸模様加飾シートを得た。
【0069】
このようにして得た凹凸模様加飾シートについて、110℃雰囲気下でJISC2318に基づく引っ張り試験で縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばし、透明凹凸層の凹凸の幅および深さを測定したところ、凹凸幅0.4〜1.5μm、深さ0.2〜7.4μmであった。
【0070】
(参考例2) 実施例2で得られた凹凸模様加飾シートを、真空成形により所望の3次元形状に成形後、耐熱ABSにて射出成形し、ヘアライン模様の微細凹凸形状を有する携帯電話部品である凹凸模様加飾成形品を得た。このようにして得た凹凸模様加飾成形品の表面は、引っかき強度と重厚感を併せ持つものであった。
【0071】
【発明の効果】
この発明は、前記した構成からなるので、次のような効果を有する。
【0072】
この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートは、微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層が立体加工性を有する透明な基材シートの背面側に少なくとも積層され、透明凹凸層の微細凹凸形状が凹凸模様加飾シート表面に露出していない凹凸模様加飾シートであって、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で凹凸模様加飾シートを縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有するように構成されているで、立体加工後も透明凹凸層の微細凹凸形状を保持させることができ、微細凹凸模様が傷つきにくく、重厚感に優れたものである。
【0073】
また、この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法は、立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート上に、微細な凹凸面を有する基体シートの凹凸面に透明層が少なくとも設けられた転写材の透明層側を接着し、基体シートを透明層との間で剥離して除去することによって透明凹凸層を形成し、次いで透明凹凸層の上に接着層を少なくとも形成することによって上記の凹凸模様加飾シートを得るように構成されているので、微細凹凸模様が傷つきにくく、重厚感に優れた凹凸模様加飾シートを容易に得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの一実施例を示す断面図である。
【図2】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法に用いる転写材の一実施例を示す断面図である。
【図3】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートの透明凹凸層の凹凸幅および凹凸深さを示す断面図である。
【図4】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートを用いて凹凸模様成形品を製造する工程を示す断面図である。
【図5】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートを用いて凹凸模様成形品を製造する工程を示す断面図である。
【図6】この発明の凹凸模様加飾シートを用いて得ることができる凹凸模様成形品の一実施例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
10 凹凸模様加飾シート
11 基材シート
12 透明凹凸層
13 光輝性層
14 接着層
20 転写材
21 基体シート
22 透明層
23 接着層
30 凹凸模様成形品
31 金型
32 成形樹脂[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet used for decorating resin molded products such as building materials, automotive interior / exterior components, home appliance components, mobile phone components, and the like, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there has been a transfer material in which a transparent release layer, a metal thin film layer, an adhesive layer, and the like are sequentially formed on an uneven surface of a substrate sheet having a fine uneven shape on the surface. After the adhesive layer side of the transfer material having such a structure is in close contact with the resin molded product and heated and pressurized, when the base sheet is peeled off and removed from the release layer, the uneven shape of the base sheet is formed on the release layer surface. It is copied, and fine uneven shapes such as a hairline pattern, a spin pattern, a mat pattern, and a knurled pattern can be imparted to the surface of the molded product.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is a problem in that scratches are likely to be noticeable in such a pattern made of fine irregularities formed on the surface of the release layer. That is, when a concavo-convex shape is formed along a certain direction, such as a hairline pattern, if a scratch occurs in a direction different from this direction, the scratch becomes very conspicuous. Further, even if the scratches are such that only the convex vertices of the fine uneven shape are crushed, it appears that a larger scratch has occurred than the actual crushed state of the vertices.
[0004]
In addition, since the transfer material has a thin film thickness, and the release layer located above the metal thin film layer is thin, there is a problem that only a decoration lacking a heavy feeling can be obtained.
[0005]
Therefore, after the transfer processing, it is possible to further coat the transparent resin to increase the surface strength of the molded product and to form a transparent layer with a large thickness, but the surface uneven shape of the release layer is buried, There is a problem that the sharpness of the pattern expressed by the uneven surface shape is lost or the pattern disappears.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet that is less likely to damage a fine concavo-convex pattern and has a profound feeling, and a method for producing the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the uneven pattern decorating sheet of the present invention is configured as follows.
[0008]
That is, in the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet according to the present invention, a transparent concavo-convex layer having a fine concavo-convex shape is laminated at least on the back side of a transparent base material sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer A decorative pattern decorative sheet that is not exposed on the surface of the decorative sheet, and has a degree of elongation of 200 in the vertical and horizontal directions in a tensile test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 in an atmosphere of 110 ° C. The transparent concavo-convex layer had a fine concavo-convex shape with a concavo-convex width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm.
[0009]
Moreover, in said invention, the transparent uneven | corrugated layer of the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet before a tensile test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 in 110 degreeC atmosphere is uneven | corrugated width 0.15-150 micrometers, depth 0.15. You may comprise so that it may have fine uneven | corrugated shape of -15 micrometers.
[0010]
Moreover, in said invention, you may comprise so that an adhesive layer may be laminated | stacked on the backmost side of an uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet.
[0011]
In the above invention, the glitter layer may be in contact with the transparent uneven layer on the back side of the transparent uneven layer.
[0012]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the uneven | corrugated pattern decoration sheet | seat of this invention is the transfer material by which the transparent layer was provided at least in the uneven surface of the base sheet which has a fine uneven surface on the transparent base material sheet which has three-dimensional workability. The transparent layer side is bonded, and the base sheet is peeled off and removed from the transparent layer to form a transparent uneven layer, and then at least the adhesive layer is formed on the transparent uneven layer to add the uneven pattern described above. It comprised so that a decoration sheet might be obtained.
[0013]
Further, the transparent layer side of the transfer material provided with at least a transparent layer is adhered to the uneven surface of the substrate sheet having a fine uneven surface on a transparent substrate sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the substrate sheet is formed as a transparent layer. A transparent concavo-convex layer was formed by peeling and removing between, and then the above-described concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet was obtained by forming at least a glittering layer and an adhesive layer on the transparent concavo-convex layer.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the uneven pattern decorating sheet of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a transfer material used in the method for producing a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the uneven width and uneven depth of the transparent uneven layer of the uneven pattern decorating sheet of the present invention. 4-5 is sectional drawing which shows the process of manufacturing an uneven | corrugated pattern molded article using the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet of this invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a concavo-convex pattern molded product that can be obtained using the concavo-convex pattern decorating sheet of the present invention. In the figure, 10 is a decorative pattern decorative sheet, 11 is a substrate sheet, 12 is a transparent uneven layer, 13 is a glitter layer, 14 is an adhesive layer, 20 is a transfer material, 21 is a base sheet, 22 is a transparent layer, 23 Is an adhesive layer, 30 is an uneven pattern molded product, 31 is a mold, and 32 is a molding resin.
[0016]
In the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 of this invention, a transparent concavo-convex layer 12 having a fine concavo-convex shape is laminated at least on the back side of a transparent substrate sheet 11 having three-dimensional processability, and the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 is uneven. The pattern decorative sheet 10 is not exposed on the surface, and the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is stretched by 200 in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction in a tensile test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 in an atmosphere of 110 ° C. The transparent concavo-convex layer 12 has a fine concavo-convex shape having a concavo-convex width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm (see FIG. 1).
[0017]
In order to obtain the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 having such a configuration, it is preferable to use the transfer material 20. As the transfer material 20, a material in which at least a transparent layer 22 is formed on a base sheet 21 having an uneven surface is used (see FIG. 2).
[0018]
As a material of the base sheet 21, a material used as a base sheet of a normal transfer material such as a polypropylene resin, a polyethylene resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, or a polyvinyl chloride resin should be used. Can do.
[0019]
A fine uneven shape is formed on the surface of the base sheet 21. By peeling off the base sheet 21 in a later step, the fine uneven shape of the base sheet 21 is copied to the transparent layer 22 to express a fine uneven shape such as a hairline pattern, a spin pattern, a mat pattern, or a knurled pattern. it can.
[0020]
As a method of creating a fine uneven shape on the surface of the base sheet 21, there is a film excavation method in which the surface of the base sheet 21 is scratched by rubbing with a wire brush, sandpaper, steel wool or the like. Further, there is a matting agent kneading method in which a matting agent is kneaded into a material of a base sheet raw material, and the matting agent rises on the surface in a sheeted state to make it uneven. In addition, there is a mat agent coating method in which an ink in which a resin, a mat agent, and a solvent are mixed is coated on the base sheet 21, and after the solvent is dried, the mat agent is raised on the resin surface to make the surface uneven. Further, there is a pressing method in which the base sheet 21 made of a thermoplastic resin is pressed with a concavo-convex mold by applying pressure while applying heat in the vicinity of the softening point or higher, and the concavo-convex pattern is copied on the surface by the principle of embossing.
[0021]
When the peelability of the base sheet 21 from the transparent layer 22 is good, the transparent layer 22 may be provided directly on the base sheet 21. In order to improve the peelability of the base sheet 21 from the transparent layer 22, a release layer (not shown) may be formed on the entire surface before the transparent layer 22 is provided on the base sheet 21. The release layer is removed from the transparent layer 22 together with the base sheet 21 when the base sheet 21 is peeled off after transfer. As the material of the release layer, melamine resin release agent, silicone resin release agent, fluororesin release agent, cellulose derivative release agent, urea resin release agent, polyolefin resin release agent, Paraffin-type release agents and composite release agents thereof can be used. As a method for forming the release layer, there are a coating method such as a roll coating method and a spray coating method, a printing method such as a gravure printing method and a screen printing method.
[0022]
The transparent layer 22 is entirely or partially formed on the base sheet 21 or the release layer. When the substrate sheet 21 is peeled off after the transfer, the transparent layer 22 becomes a transparent uneven layer 12 by copying the fine uneven shape of the substrate sheet 21. The material of the transparent layer 22 includes acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, cellulose resin, rubber resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer. Copolymers such as system resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins may be used. When hardness is required, a photocurable resin such as an ultraviolet curable resin, a radiation curable resin such as an electron beam curable resin, or a thermosetting resin may be selected and used. The transparent layer 22 may be colored or uncolored. Examples of the method for forming the transparent layer 22 include a coating method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, and a comma coating method, a printing method such as a gravure printing method, and a screen printing method.
[0023]
Moreover, you may form a design layer (not shown) as needed. As a material of the pattern layer, a resin such as polyvinyl resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyester urethane resin, cellulose ester resin, alkyd resin is used as a binder. A colored ink containing a pigment or dye of an appropriate color as a colorant may be used. As a pattern layer forming method, a normal printing method such as a gravure printing method, a screen printing method, or an offset printing method may be used. In particular, the offset printing method and the gravure printing method are suitable for performing multicolor printing and gradation expression. In the case of a single color, a coating method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, or a comma coating method may be employed.
[0024]
Moreover, you may form the contact bonding layer 23 as needed. As the adhesive layer 23, a heat-sensitive or pressure-sensitive resin suitable for the material of the base sheet 11 that is a transfer target is appropriately used. For example, when the material of the base sheet 11 is a polypropylene resin, a chlorinated polyolefin resin, a chlorinated ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a cyclized rubber, or a coumarone indene resin may be used. Further, when the material of the base sheet 11 is an acrylic resin, an acrylic resin can be used. Examples of the method for forming the adhesive layer 23 include a coating method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, and a comma coating method, and a printing method such as a gravure printing method and a screen printing method.
[0025]
Using the transfer material 20 having such a layer structure, the transparent uneven layer 12 is formed on the substrate sheet 11. For that purpose, first, the transparent layer 22 side of the transfer material 20 is brought into close contact with one side of the base material sheet 11.
[0026]
As the base sheet 11, a transparent sheet having three-dimensional processability is used. As a material for the base sheet 11, a resin sheet such as a polypropylene resin, a polyethylene resin, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, or a polyvinyl chloride resin may be used.
[0027]
Next, using a transfer machine such as a roll transfer machine or an up-down transfer machine equipped with a heat-resistant rubber-like elastic body such as silicon rubber, a heat-resistant rubber-like condition set at a temperature of about 80 to 260 ° C. and a pressure of about 490 to 1960 Pa. Heat and pressure are applied from the substrate sheet 21 side of the transfer material 20 through the elastic body. By doing so, the transparent layer 22 side adheres to the surface of the base sheet 11. When the base sheet 21 is peeled off after cooling, peeling occurs between the base sheet 21 and the transparent layer 22 and transfer is completed. When a release layer is provided on the base sheet 21, when the base sheet 21 is peeled off, peeling occurs between the release layer and the transparent layer 22, and transfer is completed. In this way, the transparent uneven layer 12 can be formed on the base sheet 11.
[0028]
Next, the glitter layer 13 is formed on the transparent uneven layer 12 as necessary.
[0029]
The glitter layer 13 is composed of a metal thin film layer or a printed layer, and is a layer that expresses metallic luster and makes the unevenness of the transparent uneven layer 12 more clearly visible. The glitter layer 13 is formed by vacuum deposition, sputtering, ion plating, plating, or the like. Metals such as aluminum, nickel, gold, platinum, chromium, iron, copper, tin, indium, silver, titanium, lead, and zinc, and alloys or compounds thereof are used depending on the metallic luster color to be expressed. As an example of forming a partial metal thin film layer, a solvent-soluble resin layer is formed on a portion that does not require the metal thin film layer, and then a metal thin film is formed on the entire surface, followed by solvent cleaning. There is a method of removing an unnecessary metal thin film together with a solvent-soluble resin layer. The solvent often used in this case is water or an aqueous solution. As another example, there is a method in which a metal thin film is formed on the entire surface, a resist layer is then formed on a portion where the metal thin film is to be left, and etching is performed with acid or alkali to remove the resist layer. .
[0030]
Further, the glittering layer 13 can be formed using an ink using a metal powder such as aluminum as a pigment. As a method for forming the glitter layer 13 composed of the print layer, a normal printing method such as an offset printing method, a gravure printing method, a screen printing method, or the like may be used. When the glittering layer 13 made of ink is formed, the fine uneven shape of the transparent uneven layer 12 is filled.
[0031]
When providing the glitter layer 13, a front anchor layer or a rear anchor layer may be provided in order to improve adhesion with other layers. As materials for the front anchor layer and the rear anchor layer, two-component cured urethane resin, thermosetting urethane resin, melamine resin, cellulose ester resin, chlorine-containing rubber resin, chlorine-containing vinyl resin, acrylic resin, epoxy It is preferable to use a vinyl resin, a vinyl copolymer resin, or the like. Examples of methods for forming the front anchor layer and the rear anchor layer include coating methods such as gravure coating, roll coating, and comma coating, printing methods such as gravure printing, and screen printing.
[0032]
Next, an adhesive layer 14 is formed on the glitter layer 13 as necessary. The adhesive layer 14 adheres each of the above layers to the surface of the molded product that is decorated with the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10. As the adhesive layer 14, a heat sensitive or pressure sensitive resin suitable for the material of the surface of the object to be decorated is appropriately used. For example, when the material of the surface of the object to be decorated is an acrylic resin, an acrylic resin may be used. In addition, when the material of the surface of the object to be decorated is polyphenylene oxide / polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, styrene copolymer resin, or polystyrene blend resin, acrylic resin or polystyrene resin having an affinity for these resins Polyamide resin or the like may be used. Furthermore, when the material of the surface of the object to be decorated is a polypropylene resin, a chlorinated polyolefin resin, a chlorinated ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a cyclized rubber, or a coumarone indene resin can be used. Examples of the method for forming the adhesive layer 14 include a coating method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, and a comma coating method, and a printing method such as a gravure printing method and a screen printing method.
[0033]
In the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 that can be obtained in this manner, the transparent concavo-convex pattern is obtained after stretching in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction to an elongation of 200% in a tensile test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 under an atmosphere of 110 ° C. It is important that the layer 12 has a fine uneven shape with an uneven width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm.
[0034]
The tensile test based on JISC2318 is performed as follows. First, five test pieces each having a length of 200 mm and a width of 15 mm are sampled from the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction over the entire width, and a test mark is set at a distance of 50 mm at the center of the test piece. Using a shopper type pendulum type tensile tester or the like, the distance between the grips is set to about 100 mm, a test piece is attached to the grip, and the tensile elongation is measured at a speed of about 200 mm / min. The distance between the gauges before the test is L 0 When the distance between the test marks after the test is L, the elongation (%) is ((L−L 0 ) / L 0 ) × 100.
[0035]
The reason why the atmosphere in which the tensile test is performed is 110 ° C. is that the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 is three-dimensionally processed in a vacuum forming method that can be used as one of the three-dimensional processing methods of the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 of the present invention. As a result of investigating a suitable temperature, most of the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 was suitable for processing in the vicinity of 110 to 180 ° C., so the lowest value in the above temperature range was adopted. Processing at a temperature as low as possible has an advantage that thermal deterioration of each optical element such as an ink layer and a film constituting the uneven pattern decorating sheet 10 can be prevented.
[0036]
Further, in the tensile test, the elongation to 200% in each of the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is the result of examining the tensile test at 110 ° C., and as a result, it is decorated with a concavo-convex pattern having mechanical properties that at least the elongation is 200% or more. This is because the sheet 10 can be processed into a three-dimensional shape deep enough to decorate the resin molded product.
[0037]
In addition, after the tensile test, the transparent uneven layer 12 has a fine uneven shape with an uneven width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm. If the uneven width is less than 0.2 μm, a transfer failure occurs in the transfer process for creating the uneven decorative sheet 10, and if the uneven width exceeds 200 μm, the sharpness as a fine pattern is lost in design. Further, if the uneven depth is less than 0.10 μm, the sharpness as a fine pattern is lost, and if the uneven depth exceeds 10 μm, a transfer failure occurs in the transfer process for creating the uneven patterned decorative sheet 10. .
[0038]
Moreover, it is preferable to make the transparent uneven | corrugated layer 12 have the fine uneven | corrugated shape of the uneven | corrugated width | variety of 0.15-150 micrometers and the depth of 0.15-15 micrometers before a tension test. When the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 is in the above range, it becomes easy to configure the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 to have a fine concavo-convex shape having a concavo-convex width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm after the tensile test. Because.
[0039]
In the present invention, the width of the unevenness means the average of the shortest distances between the vertices of the unevenness formed in the transparent uneven layer 12. Moreover, the depth of unevenness means the average distance from the deepest part of the unevenness | corrugation formed in many in the transparent uneven | corrugated layer 12 to the top part (refer FIG. 3).
[0040]
About the uneven | corrugated pattern decoration sheet 10 produced using the transfer material 20 so that it might become various values about the uneven | corrugated width and uneven | corrugated depth of the transparent uneven | corrugated layer 12, the tension test and the process to the uneven | corrugated pattern molded article 30 were performed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0041]
In the table, the evaluation of transferability is ○ when the transparent layer 22 is transferred 99% or more in area from the base sheet 21, 90% or more of the transparent layer 22 is less than 99% although there is a part not transferred. Δ when the image was transferred, and x when the transparent layer 22 was transferred less than 90% in many portions where the image was not transferred.
[0042]
In the tensile test, each transfer material 20 was stretched to an elongation of 200% in a tensile test based on JISC2318 in an atmosphere at a temperature of 110 ° C., and an average value of the width and depth of the unevenness was calculated.
[0043]
In addition, the evaluation of the fine concavo-convex pattern is ○ when the fine concavo-convex pattern is clearly expressed even after the molding process, △ when the presence of the fine concavo-convex pattern can be confirmed but is not clear, and part of the fine concavo-convex pattern When it disappeared or the sharpness of the fine concavo-convex pattern was lost, it was set as x.
[0044]
First, the concavo-convex width of the base sheet 21 of the transfer material 20 was fixed to 1.0 μm, and the concavo-convex depth of the base sheet 21 was set to various values to obtain the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 and the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30. (See Table 1).
[0045]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004009099
[0046]
When the uneven depth of the base sheet 21 is less than 0.15 μm, the uneven depth of the transparent uneven layer 12 before the tensile test of the uneven patterned decorative sheet 10 is the same as the uneven depth formed on the base sheet 21. I was able to. However, after the tensile test of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10, the concavo-convex depth of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 became less than 0.10 μm, and even in the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30, the fine concavo-convex pattern was not clear.
[0047]
When the concavo-convex depth of the base sheet 21 is 0.15 μm or more and 15.0 μm or less, the concavo-convex depth of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 before the tensile test of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is the concavo-convex depth formed on the base sheet 21. The same value could be obtained. Further, after the tensile test of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10, the concavo-convex depth of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 becomes 0.10 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, and even in the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30, the fine concavo-convex pattern is clearly expressed and sufficient What had both scratch strength and profound feeling was obtained.
[0048]
When the uneven depth of the base sheet 21 exceeded 15.0 μm, there were many places where the transparent layer 22 was not transferred in the transfer step, and a clear fine uneven pattern could not be obtained.
[0049]
Next, the uneven depth of the base sheet 21 of the transfer material 20 is fixed to 1.0 μm, the uneven width of the base sheet 21 is set to various values, and various uneven pattern decorated sheets 10 and uneven pattern molded products 30 are set. (See Table 2).
[0050]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004009099
[0051]
When the uneven | corrugated width | variety of the base sheet 21 was less than 0.15 micrometer, the location where the transparent layer 22 was not transferred in a transfer process increased, and the clear fine uneven | corrugated pattern was not able to be obtained.
[0052]
When the uneven width of the base sheet 21 is 0.15 μm or more and 150.0 μm or less, the uneven width of the transparent uneven layer 12 before the tensile test of the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 is the same value as the uneven width formed on the base sheet 21. Could get. In addition, after the tensile test of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10, the concavo-convex width of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 becomes 0.20 μm or more and 200.0 μm or less, and the fine concavo-convex pattern is clearly expressed also in the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30, which is sufficiently scratched. What had both strength and profound feeling was obtained.
[0053]
When the uneven width of the base sheet 21 exceeds 150.0 μm, the uneven width of the transparent uneven layer 12 before the tensile test of the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 can obtain the same value as the uneven width formed on the base sheet 21. It was. However, after the tensile test of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10, the concavo-convex width of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 greatly exceeded 200.0 μm, and the fine concavo-convex pattern was not clear even in the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30.
[0054]
An example of the method of obtaining the uneven | corrugated pattern molded article 30 using the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet 10 of this invention is demonstrated.
[0055]
First, the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is set in an injection mold 31 (see FIG. 4).
[0056]
As a specific example of how to set the injection molding die 31, the long uneven decorative sheet 10 is temporarily wound around a roll shaft to form a roll-shaped scroll, and this roll-shaped scroll is used as a movable mold for injection molding. It is placed on the upper part of the movable mold so as to be movable integrally with the movable mold, and passes between the retracted movable mold and the stationary mold while unwinding the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 from the roll-shaped scroll, and is movable for injection molding. What is necessary is just to wind up the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet | seat 10 with the roll axis | shaft of the film winding means installed in the lower part of the type | mold so that a movement with the movable type | mold was possible. Moreover, you may set on the movable surface by a robot or a hand using the sheet | seat uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet 10. FIG. When the concave / convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is set on the movable surface, after the concave / convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is arranged on the movable surface, the position of the concave / convex pattern decorative sheet 10 relative to the movable surface is determined by a positioning sensor or the like. And the concave / convex pattern decorating sheet 10 may be pressed against the surface of a movable mold for injection molding by a clamp member or the like.
[0057]
Next, using the vacuum suction holes formed in the movable mold, the concave and convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is vacuum-sucked along the movable cavity forming surface, thereby along the movable recess or cavity forming surface. So that it is processed into a three-dimensional shape. As a specific example, with a heating plate or the like inserted between the movable mold and the fixed mold, the concave / convex pattern decorative sheet 10 set on the surface of the movable mold is heated above its softening point to be softened, and the movable concave section There is a method in which a space between the decorative pattern decorative sheet 10 and the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is sealed, exhausted from a vacuum suction hole and vacuum-sucked, and the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is adhered to the inner surface of the movable concave portion.
[0058]
Instead of the above method, before setting the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 to the injection mold 31, the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is formed using a three-dimensional processing mold different from the injection mold 31. Three-dimensional processing that matches the cavity forming surface of the injection mold 31 may be performed in advance, and punching into a desired shape may be performed. As a three-dimensional processing method, there are a vacuum forming method, a pressure forming method, a press forming method for pressing a heated rubber, a press forming method, and the like. Examples of the punching method include a Thomson punching method and a press method using a die 31. In addition, when performing a three-dimensional process, you may carry out a punching process simultaneously.
[0059]
Next, the injection molding die 31 is closed and the molten molding resin 32 is injected into the cavity from the gate portion of the fixed mold, and the molding resin 32 is solidified to form a resin molded product in the cavity. The adhesive layer 14 of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is integrally bonded to the surface (see FIG. 5).
[0060]
The molding resin 32 is not particularly limited. For example, an acrylic resin, a polystyrene resin, a polyacrylonitrile styrene resin, a polyacrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin, or the like can be used. Moreover, as a typical molding resin 32 used for interior parts and exterior parts of automobiles, there can be mentioned polypropylene resin containing talc, modified polypropylene resin and the like.
[0061]
Thereafter, the mold is opened, and the uneven pattern decorative sheet 10 is taken out together with the resin molded product, and unnecessary portions of the uneven pattern decorated sheet 10 adhered to the resin molded product are removed (see FIG. 6). In addition, when the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 is punched in advance, an operation of removing unnecessary portions of the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 becomes unnecessary. In this way, an uneven pattern molded product 30 can be obtained.
[0062]
In the concavo-convex pattern molded product 30 decorated with the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet 10 of the present invention, since the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer 12 is covered with the base material sheet 11, the fine concavo-convex pattern is difficult to be damaged and is profound. It will be excellent.
[0063]
【Example】
Example 1 A base sheet having a fine concavo-convex shape of a hairline pattern having a concavo-convex width of 0.2 to 1.0 μm and a depth of 0.2 to 8.0 μm obtained by abrasion-processing a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 38 μm with sandpaper. It was created. Next, a transparent layer made of an acrylic resin and an adhesive layer made of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin were formed on the concavo-convex surface of the base sheet by a gravure printing method to obtain a transfer material.
[0064]
By using an acrylic film with a thickness of 125 μm as a base sheet and transferring the previously obtained transfer material thereon, a fine uneven shape with an uneven width of 0.2 to 1.0 μm and a depth of 0.2 to 8.0 μm The transparent uneven | corrugated layer which has was formed on the base material sheet. Next, a glittering layer made of an ink containing an aluminum paste in a resin binder of acrylic-vinyl copolymer resin / vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer system resin 1/1 on the transparent concavo-convex layer, vinyl chloride -The adhesion layer which consists of vinyl acetate copolymer type | system | group resin was each formed by the gravure printing method, and the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet was obtained.
[0065]
About the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet | seat obtained in this way, it stretched to 200% of each elongation in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by the tension test based on JISC2318 in 110 degreeC atmosphere, and measured the uneven | corrugated width and depth of a transparent uneven | corrugated layer. As a result, the unevenness width was 0.3 to 1.4 μm and the depth was 0.15 to 7.0 μm.
[0066]
(Reference example 1) After the concave / convex pattern decorative sheet obtained in Example 1 is formed into a desired three-dimensional shape by vacuum forming, it is injection-molded by heat-resistant ABS, and is an automobile part having a fine concave / convex shape of a hairline pattern. A certain concavo-convex decorative molded product was obtained. The surface of the concavo-convex pattern decorative molded product thus obtained had excellent design properties having both scratch strength and a heavy feeling.
[0067]
Example 2 A base sheet having a fine concavo-convex shape of a hairline pattern having a concavo-convex width of 0.3 to 1.1 μm and a depth of 0.3 to 9.0 μm obtained by abrasion-processing a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 38 μm with sandpaper. It was created. Next, a transparent layer made of a two-component cured urethane resin and an adhesive layer made of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin are formed on the uneven surface of the base sheet by a gravure printing method to obtain a transfer material. It was.
[0068]
By using a polymer alloy film of polycarbonate and polybutylene terephthalate having a thickness of 100 μm as a base sheet and transferring the transfer material previously obtained thereon, an uneven width of 0.3 to 1.1 μm and a depth of 0.3 to A transparent uneven layer having a fine uneven shape of 9.0 μm was formed. Next, a glittering layer made of an aluminum thin film was formed on the transparent uneven layer, and then an adhesive layer made of vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin was formed by a gravure printing method to obtain an uneven pattern decorative sheet. .
[0069]
About the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet | seat obtained in this way, it stretched to 200% of each elongation in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by the tension test based on JISC2318 in 110 degreeC atmosphere, and measured the uneven | corrugated width and depth of a transparent uneven | corrugated layer. As a result, the concavo-convex width was 0.4 to 1.5 μm and the depth was 0.2 to 7.4 μm.
[0070]
(Reference Example 2) A cellular phone part having a fine uneven shape of a hairline pattern after the uneven decorative sheet obtained in Example 2 is formed into a desired three-dimensional shape by vacuum forming and then injection-molded with heat-resistant ABS. An uneven pattern decorative molded product was obtained. The surface of the concavo-convex pattern decorative molded product thus obtained had both a scratch strength and a heavy feeling.
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention consists of an above-described structure, it has the following effects.
[0072]
In the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet of this invention, a transparent concavo-convex layer having a fine concavo-convex shape is laminated at least on the back side of a transparent substrate sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer is a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet A decorative pattern decorative sheet that is not exposed on the surface, and the tensile pattern based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 under an atmosphere of 110 ° C., the vertical pattern and the horizontal direction have an elongation of up to 200%. The transparent concavo-convex layer is configured to have a fine concavo-convex shape with a concavo-convex width of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm after being stretched. The fine concavo-convex pattern is not easily damaged and has a profound feeling.
[0073]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the uneven | corrugated pattern decoration sheet | seat of this invention is the transfer material by which the transparent layer was provided at least in the uneven surface of the base sheet which has a fine uneven surface on the transparent base material sheet which has three-dimensional workability. The transparent layer side is bonded, and the substrate sheet is peeled off and removed from the transparent layer to form a transparent uneven layer, and then at least the adhesive layer is formed on the transparent uneven layer to add the above uneven pattern. Since it is comprised so that a decoration sheet may be obtained, a fine uneven | corrugated pattern is hard to be damaged, and the uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet excellent in the profound feeling can be obtained easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a concave-convex decorative sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a transfer material used in the method for producing a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the concavo-convex width and concavo-convex depth of a transparent concavo-convex layer of the concavo-convex pattern decorating sheet of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for producing a concavo-convex pattern molded article using the concavo-convex pattern decorating sheet of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a process for producing a concavo-convex pattern molded article using the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a concavo-convex pattern molded product that can be obtained using the concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Irregular pattern decorative sheet
11 Substrate sheet
12 Transparent uneven layer
13 glitter layer
14 Adhesive layer
20 Transfer material
21 Base sheet
22 Transparent layer
23 Adhesive layer
30 Concave and convex molded products
31 Mold
32 Molding resin

Claims (2)

立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート上に、微細な凹凸面を有する基体シートの凹凸面に透明層が少なくとも設けられた転写材の透明層側を接着し、基体シートを透明層との間で剥離して除去することによって透明凹凸層を形成し、次いで透明凹凸層の上に接着層を少なくとも形成することによって、
微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層が立体加工性を有する透明な基材シートの背面側に少なくとも積層され、透明凹凸層の微細凹凸形状が凹凸模様加飾シート表面に露出していない凹凸模様加飾シートであって、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で凹凸模様加飾シートを縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有する、
凹凸模様加飾シートを得ることを特徴とする凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法。
The transparent layer side of the transfer material provided with at least a transparent layer is adhered to the uneven surface of the substrate sheet having a fine uneven surface on a transparent substrate sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the substrate sheet is interposed between the transparent layer and the transparent layer. Forming a transparent uneven layer by peeling and removing with, and then forming at least an adhesive layer on the transparent uneven layer,
A concavo-convex pattern decoration in which a transparent concavo-convex layer having a fine concavo-convex shape is laminated at least on the back side of a transparent substrate sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer is not exposed on the surface of the concavo-convex pattern decorating sheet It is a sheet | seat, Comprising: The uneven | corrugated pattern decoration sheet | seat is the width | variety of an unevenness | corrugation layer after extending an uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet | seat to 200% of elongation in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction by the tension test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 in 110 degreeC atmosphere. It has a fine uneven shape of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm.
A method for producing a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet, comprising obtaining a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet.
立体加工性を有する透明な基材シート上に、微細な凹凸面を有する基体シートの凹凸面に透明層が少なくとも設けられた転写材の透明層側を接着し、基体シートを透明層との間で剥離して除去することによって透明凹凸層を形成し、次いで透明凹凸層の上に光輝性層および接着層を少なくとも形成することによって、
微細凹凸形状を有する透明凹凸層が立体加工性を有する透明な基材シートの背面側に少なくとも積層され、透明凹凸層の微細凹凸形状が凹凸模様加飾シート表面に露出していない凹凸模様加飾シートであって、110℃雰囲気下で日本工業規格(JIS)C2318に基づく引っ張り試験で凹凸模様加飾シートを縦方向および横方向に各々伸度200%まで引き伸ばした後に透明凹凸層が凹凸の幅0.2〜200μm、深さ0.10〜10μmの微細凹凸形状を有し、
透明凹凸層の背面側に光輝性層が透明凹凸層に接するように積層された、
凹凸模様加飾シートを得ることを特徴とする凹凸模様加飾シートの製造方法。
The transparent layer side of the transfer material provided with at least a transparent layer is adhered to the uneven surface of the substrate sheet having a fine uneven surface on a transparent substrate sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the substrate sheet is interposed between the transparent layer and the transparent layer. By forming a transparent uneven layer by peeling and removing with, and then forming at least a glitter layer and an adhesive layer on the transparent uneven layer,
A concavo-convex pattern decoration in which a transparent concavo-convex layer having a fine concavo-convex shape is laminated at least on the back side of a transparent base sheet having three-dimensional processability, and the fine concavo-convex shape of the transparent concavo-convex layer is not exposed on the surface of the concavo-convex pattern decorating sheet It is a sheet | seat, Comprising: The uneven | corrugated pattern decoration sheet | seat is the width | variety of an unevenness | corrugation layer after extending an uneven | corrugated pattern decorating sheet | seat to 200% of elongation in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction by the tension test based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) C2318 in 110 degreeC atmosphere. It has a fine uneven shape of 0.2 to 200 μm and a depth of 0.10 to 10 μm,
The glitter layer was laminated on the back side of the transparent uneven layer so as to be in contact with the transparent uneven layer,
A method for producing a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet, comprising obtaining a concavo-convex pattern decorative sheet.
JP2001382691A 2001-12-17 2001-12-17 Irregular pattern decorative sheet and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP4009099B2 (en)

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