JP4000711B2 - Light emitting element - Google Patents
Light emitting element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4000711B2 JP4000711B2 JP10498899A JP10498899A JP4000711B2 JP 4000711 B2 JP4000711 B2 JP 4000711B2 JP 10498899 A JP10498899 A JP 10498899A JP 10498899 A JP10498899 A JP 10498899A JP 4000711 B2 JP4000711 B2 JP 4000711B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- derivatives
- light emitting
- emitting device
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004832 aryl thioethers Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005401 siloxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 3
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical group C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amitrole Chemical group NC1=NC=NN1 KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 diamine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 5
- 150000004322 quinolinols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,4-triphenylbuta-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=CC=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004775 coumarins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005255 pyrrolopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-phenylethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBIUMLHTGBTILM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-methylphenyl)-2-benzofuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=CC=CC2=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)O1 LBIUMLHTGBTILM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIIGPNDJMVHUSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-2-benzofuran Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=COC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 KIIGPNDJMVHUSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYGSXEYUWRFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyran-2-ylidenepropanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1OC=CC=C1 KYGSXEYUWRFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC2=C1 OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVFPXNWRMZQISG-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Al+3].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-] Chemical compound [Al+3].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-].N1=C(C=CC=C1)[O-] PVFPXNWRMZQISG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- FZEYVTFCMJSGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridone Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 FZEYVTFCMJSGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000005013 aryl ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRTCKZIKGWZNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,2-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=N1 YRTCKZIKGWZNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RSTDIKJOEIERRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyreno[4,5-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=NSN=C3C3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 RSTDIKJOEIERRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical class C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrylium Chemical compound C1=CC=[O+]C=C1 WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical class N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- MDYOLVRUBBJPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tropolone Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=CC1=O MDYOLVRUBBJPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- MGZOXZPZHVOXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-oxochromen-7-yl) acetate Chemical class C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(OC(=O)C)=CC=C21 MGZOXZPZHVOXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDCFOZQLVARBFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-benzofuran Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C1=C2C=CC=CC2=C(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)O1 NDCFOZQLVARBFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGOKQJGYALJSMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-benzofuran Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=CC=CC2=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)O1 JGOKQJGYALJSMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOQAPVYOGBLGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-9h-carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2NC2=C1C=CC=C2CC HOQAPVYOGBLGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWZYORZPYCRVAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2h-thiopyran-1-ylidene)propanedinitrile Chemical class N#CC(C#N)=S1CC=CC=C1 TWZYORZPYCRVAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran Chemical compound C1OC=CC=C1 MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMZRPGPWSFZJLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)chromen-2-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(C3=CC=4C=CC=CC=4OC3=O)=NC2=C1 KMZRPGPWSFZJLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRFHFTBLQARMCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)chromen-2-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC=4C=CC=CC=4OC3=O)=NC2=C1 YRFHFTBLQARMCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n-bis[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMSNNWHMDVLYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-bis(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-2-phenylcyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical group C1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC1(C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 GMSNNWHMDVLYMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZEYLLPOQRZUDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(dimethylamino)-4-methylchromen-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C21 GZEYLLPOQRZUDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZNIOXYCNCSUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-piperidin-1-ylchromen-2-one Chemical class C1=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=CC=C1N1CCCCC1 SZNIOXYCNCSUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEICGMZFDLRRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1(c2ccc(C)cc2)N(Cc2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)-c3ccc4[n](Cc5ccccc5)c(-c5ccc(C)cc5)nc4c3)c2N1 Chemical compound CC1(c2ccc(C)cc2)N(Cc2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)-c3ccc4[n](Cc5ccccc5)c(-c5ccc(C)cc5)nc4c3)c2N1 YEICGMZFDLRRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000999 acridine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001251 acridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940058303 antinematodal benzimidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940027998 antiseptic and disinfectant acridine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007980 azole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005606 carbostyryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004883 computer application Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AFYCEAFSNDLKSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin 460 Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C21 AFYCEAFSNDLKSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001907 coumarones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- JNTHRSHGARDABO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo[a,l]pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=C4)C3=C3C4=CC=CC3=C21 JNTHRSHGARDABO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007946 flavonol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavonol Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(O)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011957 flavonols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIIALPBMIOVAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N herniarin Chemical class C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 LIIALPBMIOVAHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000990 laser dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PKXXWDSLPQQAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthopyrene Chemical compound C1=CC2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C(C=CC=C3C=C4)C3=C2C4=C1 PKXXWDSLPQQAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004893 oxazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001490 poly(butyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-2-ol Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(=O)C=CC2=C1 LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical class [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001022 rhodamine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CN=C2SN=NC2=C1 QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioridazine hydrochloride Chemical class Cl.C12=CC(SC)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCC1CCCCN1C NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001651 triphenylamine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone Chemical class C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YKSGNOMLAIJTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N violanthrone Chemical class C12=C3C4=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=CC=C3C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=C4C1=C32 YKSGNOMLAIJTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003732 xanthenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電気エネルギーを光に変換できる素子であって、表示素子、フラットパネルディスプレイ、バックライト、照明、インテリア、標識、看板、電子写真機、光信号発生器などの分野に利用可能な発光素子に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
負極から注入された電子と正極から注入された正孔が両極に挟まれた有機蛍光体内で再結合する際に発光する有機積層薄膜発光素子の研究が近年活発に行われている。この素子は、薄型、低駆動電圧下での高輝度発光、蛍光材料を選ぶことによる多色発光が特徴である。
【０００３】
有機積層薄膜素子が高輝度に発光することは、コダック社のＣ．Ｗ．Ｔａｎｇらによって初めて示された（Ａｐｐｌ．Ｐｈｙｓ．Ｌｅｔｔ．５１（１２）２１、ｐ．９１３、１９８７）。コダック社の提示した有機積層薄膜発光素子の代表的な構成は、ＩＴＯガラス基板上に正孔輸送性のジアミン化合物、発光層であり、電子輸送性も併せ持ったトリス（８−キノリノラト）アルミニウム、そして負極としてＭｇ：Ａｇを順次設けたものであり、１０Ｖ程度の駆動電圧で１０００カンデラ／平方メートルの緑色発光が可能であった。現在の有機積層薄膜発光素子は、上記の素子構成要素の他に、電子輸送層を別に設けているものなど構成を変えているものもあるが、基本的にはコダック社の構成を踏襲している。
【０００４】
発光層はホスト材料のみで構成されたり、ホスト材料にゲスト材料をドーピングして構成される。発光材料は三原色揃うことが求められているが、これまでは緑色発光材料の研究が最も進んでいる。現在は赤色発光材料と青色発光材料において、特性向上を目指して鋭意研究がなされている。特に青色発光材料において高輝度で色純度の良い発光の得られるものが望まれている。
【０００５】
ホスト材料としては、前述のトリス（８−キノリノラト）アルミニウムを始めとするキノリノール誘導体の金属錯体、ベンズオキサゾール誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、ベンズチアゾール誘導体、チアジアゾール誘導体、チオフェン誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、シクロペンタジエン誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体金属錯体、ベンズアゾール誘導体金属錯体などがあげられる。
【０００６】
青色発光ホスト材料においては、比較的良い性能が得られている例として、キノリノール誘導体と異なる配位子を組み合わせた金属錯体（特開平５−２１４３３２号公報、特開平６−１７２７５１号公報）や、ビススチリルベンゼン誘導体（特開平４−１１７４８５号公報、特開平５−１７７６５号公報）などがあげられるが、特に色純度が充分ではない。
【０００７】
一方、ゲスト材料としてのドーパント材料には、レーザー染料として有用であることが知られている、７−ジメチルアミノ−４−メチルクマリンを始めとする蛍光性クマリン染料、ジシアノメチレンピラン染料、ジシアノメチレンチオピラン染料、ポリメチン染料、シアニン染料、オキソベンズアンスラセン染料、キサンテン染料、ローダミン染料、フルオレセイン染料、ピリリウム染料、カルボスチリル染料、ペリレン染料、アクリジン染料、ビス（スチリル）ベンゼン染料、ピレン染料、オキサジン染料、フェニレンオキサイド染料、ペリレン、テトラセン、ペンタセン、キナクリドン化合物、キナゾリン化合物、ピロロピリジン化合物、フロピリジン化合物、１，２，５−チアジアゾロピレン誘導体、ペリノン誘導体、ピロロピロール化合物、スクアリリウム化合物、ビオラントロン化合物、フェナジン誘導体、アクリドン化合物、ジアザフラビン誘導体などが知られている。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来技術に用いられる発光材料（ホスト材料、ドーパント材料）には、発光効率が低く消費電力が高いものや、化合物の耐久性が低く素子寿命の短いものが多かった。また、フルカラーディスプレイとして赤色、緑色、青色の三原色発光が求められているが、赤色、青色発光においては、発光波長を満足させるものは少なく、発光ピークの幅も広く色純度が良いものは少ない。中でも青色発光において、耐久性に優れ十分な輝度と色純度特性を示すものが必要とされている。
【０００９】
本発明は、かかる従来技術の問題を解決し、発光効率が高く、高輝度で色純度に優れた発光素子を提供することを目的とするものである。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、正極と負極の間に発光を司る物質が存在し、電気エネルギーにより発光する素子であって、該素子が下記一般式（３）で表されるアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体を含むことを特徴とする発光素子である。
【００１１】
【化２】
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明における正極は、光を取り出すために透明であれば、酸化錫、酸化インジウム、酸化錫インジウム（ＩＴＯ）などの導電性金属酸化物、あるいは、金、銀、クロムなどの金属、ヨウ化銅、硫化銅などの無機導電性物質、ポリチオフェン、ポリピロール、ポリアニリンなどの導電性ポリマなど特に限定されるものでないが、ＩＴＯガラスやネサガラスを用いることが特に望ましい。透明電極の抵抗は素子の発光に十分な電流が供給できればよいので限定されないが、素子の消費電力の観点からは低抵抗であることが望ましい。例えば３００Ω／□以下のＩＴＯ基板であれば素子電極として機能するが、現在では１０Ω／□程度の基板の供給も可能になっていることから、２０Ω／□以下の低抵抗の基板を使用することが特に望ましい。ＩＴＯの厚みは抵抗値に合わせて任意に選ぶ事ができるが、通常１００〜３００ｎｍの間で用いられることが多い。また、ガラス基板はソーダライムガラス、無アルカリガラスなどが用いられ、また厚みも機械的強度を保つのに十分な厚みがあればよいので、０．７ｍｍ以上あれば十分である。ガラスの材質については、ガラスからの溶出イオンが少ない方がよいので無アルカリガラスの方が好ましいが、ＳｉＯ２などのバリアコートを施したソーダライムガラスも市販されているのでこれを使用できる。ＩＴＯ膜形成方法は、電子ビーム蒸着法、スパッタリング法、化学反応法など特に制限を受けるものではない。
【００１３】
本発明における負極は、電子を効率よく、発光を司る物質または発光を司る物質に隣接する物質（例えば電子輸送層）に注入できる物質であれば特に限定されない。一般的には白金、金、銀、銅、鉄、錫、アルミニウム、インジウム、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどがあげられる。電子注入効率を上げて素子特性を向上させるためには、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウムまたはこれら低仕事関数金属を含む合金が有効である。しかし、これら低仕事関数金属は一般に大気中で不安定であることが多く、電極保護のために白金、金、銀、銅、鉄、錫、アルミニウム、インジウムなどの金属、またはこれらの金属を用いた合金、そしてシリカ、チタニアなどの無機物、ポリビニルアルコール、塩化ビニルなどのポリマを積層することが好ましい。これらの電極の作製法も、抵抗加熱法蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着法、スパッタリング法、イオンプレーティング法、コーティング法など導通を取ることができれば、特に制限されない。
【００１４】
本発明における発光を司る物質の構成は、１）正孔輸送材料／発光材料、２）正孔輸送材料／発光材料／電子輸送材料、３）発光材料／電子輸送材料、そして、４）以上の組合わせ物質を一層に混合した形態、のいずれであってもよい。即ち、上記１）〜３）の多層積層構造の他に，４）のように発光材料単独または発光材料と正孔輸送材料、あるいは発光材料と正孔輸送材料および電子輸送材料を含む層を一層設けるだけでもよい。
【００１５】
本発明における発光材料はホスト材料のみでも、ホスト材料とドーパント材料の組み合わせでも、いずれであってもよい。また、ドーパント材料はホスト材料の全体に含まれていても、部分的に含まれていても、いずれであってもよい。ドーパント材料は積層されていても、分散されていても、いずれであってもよい。
【００１６】
本発明における正孔輸送材料としては、電界を与えられた電極間において正極からの正孔を効率良く輸送することが必要で、正孔注入効率が高く、注入された正孔を効率良く輸送することが望ましい。そのためにはイオン化ポテンシャルが小さく、しかも正孔移動度が大きく、さらに安定性に優れ、トラップとなる不純物が製造時および使用時に発生しにくい物質であることが要求される。このような条件を満たす物質として、特に限定されるものではないが、ビスカルバゾリル誘導体、ＴＰＤ、ｍ−ＭＴＤＡＴＡ、α−ＮＰＤなどのトリフェニルアミン誘導体、ピラゾリン誘導体、スチルベン系化合物、ヒドラゾン系化合物、オキサジアゾール誘導体やフタロシアニン誘導体に代表される複素環化合物、ポリビニルカルバゾール、ポリシランなどの既知の正孔輸送材料を使用できる。これらの正孔輸送材料は単独でも用いられるが、異なる正孔輸送材料と積層または混合して使用しても構わない。
【００１７】
本発明における発光材料は下記一般式（３）で表されるアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体を含有する。
【００１８】
【化３】
【００１９】
これらの置換基の説明の内、アルキル基とは例えばメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基などの飽和脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、シクロアルキル基とは例えばシクロプロピル、シクロヘキシル、ノルボルニル、アダマンチルなどの飽和脂環式炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アラルキル基とは例えばベンジル基、フェニルエチル基などの脂肪族炭化水素を介した芳香族炭化水素基を示し、脂肪族炭化水素と芳香族炭化水素はいずれも無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アルケニル基とは例えばビニル基、アリル基、ブタジエニル基などの二重結合を含む不飽和脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、シクロアルケニル基とは例えばシクロペンテニル基、シクロペンタジエニル基、シクロヘキセン基などの二重結合を含む不飽和脂環式炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アルキニル基とは例えばアセチレニル基などの三重結合を含む不飽和脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アルコキシ基とは例えばメトキシ基などのエーテル結合を介した脂肪族炭化水素基を示し、脂肪族炭化水素基は無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アルキルチオ基とはアルコキシ基のエーテル結合の酸素原子が硫黄原子に置換されたものである。また、アリールエーテル基とは例えばフェノキシ基などのエーテル結合を介した芳香族炭化水素基を示し、芳香族炭化水素基は無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、アリールチオエーテル基とはアリールエーテル基のエーテル結合の酸素原子が硫黄原子に置換されたものである。また、アリール基とは例えばフェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニル基、フェナントリル基、ターフェニル基、ピレニル基などの芳香族炭化水素基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。また、複素環基とは例えばフリル基、チエニル基、オキサゾリル基、ピリジル基、キノリル基、カルバゾリル基などの炭素以外の原子を有する環状構造基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。ハロゲンとはフッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素を示す。ハロアルカン、ハロアルケン、ハロアルキンとは例えばトリフルオロメチル基などの、前述のアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基の一部あるいは全部が、前述のハロゲンで置換されたものを示し、残りの部分は無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。アルデヒド基、カルボニル基、エステル基、カルバモイル基、アミノ基には脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、複素環などで置換されたものも含み、さらに脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、複素環は無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。シリル基とは例えばトリメチルシリル基などのケイ素化合物基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。シロキサニル基とは例えばトリメチルシロキサニル基などのエーテル結合を介したケイ素化合物基を示し、これは無置換でも置換されていてもかまわない。
【００２０】
本発明における一般式（３）のベンゾアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体の中では、Ｒ２３、Ｒ２４が置換している窒素は、分子を分岐状に修飾でき、電子輸送能をもたらす。また共役の長さが調節できて青色の蛍光が得られることから、一般式（３）のベンゾアゾール骨格のように単結合で結合していることが望ましい。
【００２１】
上記のアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体としては、具体的には下記のような構造があげられる。
【００２２】
【化４】
【化５】
【化６】
【００２５】
発光材料のホスト材料はアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体一種のみに限る必要はなく、複数のアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体を混合して用いたり、既知のホスト材料の一種類以上をアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体と混合して用いてもよい。既知のホスト材料としては特に限定されるものではないが、以前から発光体として知られていたアントラセン、フェナンスレン、ピレン、ペリレン、クリセンなどの縮合環誘導体、トリス（８−キノリノラト）アルミニウムを始めとするキノリノール誘導体の金属錯体、ベンズオキサゾール誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、ベンズチアゾール誘導体、チアジアゾール誘導体、チオフェン誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、シクロペンタジエン誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、ビススチリルアントラセン誘導体やジスチリルベンゼン誘導体などのビススチリル誘導体、キノリノール誘導体と異なる配位子を組み合わせた金属錯体、オキサジアゾール誘導体金属錯体、ベンズアゾール誘導体金属錯体、クマリン誘導体、ピロロピリジン誘導体、ペリノン誘導体、チアジアゾロピリジン誘導体、ポリマー系では、ポリフェニレンビニレン誘導体、ポリパラフェニレン誘導体、そして、ポリチオフェン誘導体などが使用できる。
【００２６】
発光材料に添加するドーパント材料は、特に限定されるものではないが、具体的には従来から知られている、フェナンスレン、アントラセン、ピレン、テトラセン、ペンタセン、ペリレン、ナフトピレン、ジベンゾピレン、ルブレンなどの縮合環誘導体、ベンズオキサゾール誘導体、ベンズチアゾール誘導体、ベンズイミダゾール誘導体、ベンズトリアゾール誘導体、オキサゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、チアゾール誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体、チアジアゾール誘導体、トリアゾール誘導体、ピラゾリン誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、チオフェン誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、シクロペンタジエン誘導体、ビススチリルアントラセン誘導体やジスチリルベンゼン誘導体などのビススチリル誘導体、ジアザインダセン誘導体、フラン誘導体、ベンゾフラン誘導体、フェニルイソベンゾフラン、ジメシチルイソベンゾフラン、ジ（２−メチルフェニル）イソベンゾフラン、ジ（２−トリフルオロメチルフェニル）イソベンゾフラン、フェニルイソベンゾフランなどのイソベンゾフラン誘導体、ジベンゾフラン誘導体、７−ジアルキルアミノクマリン誘導体、７−ピペリジノクマリン誘導体、７−ヒドロキシクマリン誘導体、７−メトキシクマリン誘導体、７−アセトキシクマリン誘導体、３−ベンズチアゾリルクマリン誘導体、３−ベンズイミダゾリルクマリン誘導体、３−ベンズオキサゾリルクマリン誘導体などのクマリン誘導体、ジシアノメチレンピラン誘導体、ジシアノメチレンチオピラン誘導体、ポリメチン誘導体、シアニン誘導体、オキソベンズアンスラセン誘導体、キサンテン誘導体、ローダミン誘導体、フルオレセイン誘導体、ピリリウム誘導体、カルボスチリル誘導体、アクリジン誘導体、ビス（スチリル）ベンゼン誘導体、オキサジン誘導体、フェニレンオキサイド誘導体、キナクリドン誘導体、キナゾリン誘導体、ピロロピリジン誘導体、フロピリジン誘導体、１，２，５−チアジアゾロピレン誘導体、ペリノン誘導体、ピロロピロール誘導体、スクアリリウム誘導体、ビオラントロン誘導体、フェナジン誘導体、アクリドン誘導体、ジアザフラビン誘導体などがそのまま使用できるが、特にイソベンゾフラン誘導体が好適に用いられる。
【００２７】
本発明における電子輸送性材料としては、電界を与えられた電極間において負極からの電子を効率良く輸送することが必要で、電子注入効率が高く、注入された電子を効率良く輸送することが望ましい。そのためには電子親和力が大きく、しかも電子移動度が大きく、さらに安定性に優れ、トラップとなる不純物が製造時および使用時に発生しにくい物質であることが要求される。このような条件を満たす物質として、８−ヒドロキシキノリンアルミニウムに代表されるキノリノール誘導体金属錯体、トロポロン金属錯体、フラボノール金属錯体、ペリレン誘導体、ペリノン誘導体、ナフタレン、クマリン誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、アルダジン誘導体、ビススチリル誘導体、ピラジン誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体などがあるが特に限定されるものではない。本発明におけるアゾール骨格を有する有機蛍光体も、優れた電子輸送能を有することから、電子輸送材料としても好適に用いることができる。これらの電子輸送材料は単独でも用いられるが、異なる電子輸送材料と積層または混合して使用しても構わない。
【００２８】
以上の正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層に用いられる材料は単独で各層を形成することができるが、高分子結着剤としてポリ塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリ（Ｎ−ビニルカルバゾール）、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリブチルメタクリレート、ポリエステル、ポリスルフォン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリブタジエン、炭化水素樹脂、ケトン樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリアミド、エチルセルロース、酢酸ビニル、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂などの溶剤可溶性樹脂や、フェノール樹脂、キシレン樹脂、石油樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの硬化性樹脂などに分散させて用いることも可能である。
【００２９】
本発明における発光を司る物質の形成方法は、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着、スパッタリング法、分子積層法、コーティング法など特に限定されるものではないが、通常は、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム蒸着が特性面で好ましい。層の厚みは発光を司る物質の抵抗値にもよるので限定できないが、１０〜１０００ｎｍの間から選ばれる。
【００３０】
本発明における電気エネルギーとは主に直流電流を指すが、パルス電流や交流電流を用いることも可能である。電流値および電圧値は特に制限はないが、素子の消費電力、寿命を考慮すると、できるだけ低いエネルギーで最大の輝度が得られるようにするべきである。
【００３１】
本発明の発光素子はマトリクスまたはセグメント方式、あるいはその両者を組み合わせることによって表示するディスプレイを構成することが好ましい。
【００３２】
本発明におけるマトリクスは、表示のための画素が格子状に配置されたものをいい、画素の集合で文字や画像を表示する。画素の形状、サイズは用途によって決まる。例えばパソコン、モニター、テレビの画像および文字表示には、通常、一辺が３００μｍ以下の四角形の画素が用いられるし、表示パネルのような大型ディスプレイの場合は、一辺がｍｍオーダーの画素を用いることになる。モノクロ表示の場合は、同じ色の画素を配列すればよいが、カラー表示の場合には赤、緑、青の画素を並べて表示させる。この場合典型的にはデルタタイプとストライプタイプがある。尚、本発明における発光素子は、赤、緑、青色発光が可能であるので、前記表示方法を用いれば、マルチカラーまたはフルカラー表示もできる。そして、このマトリクスの駆動方法としては、線順次駆動方法やアクティブマトリックスのどちらでもよい。線順次駆動の方が構造が簡単という利点があるが、動作特性を考慮するとアクティブマトリックスの方が優れる場合があるので、これも用途により使い分けることが必要である。
【００３３】
本発明におけるセグメントタイプは、予め決められた情報を表示するようにパターンを形成し、決められた領域を発光させる。例えば、デジタル時計や温度計における時刻や温度表示、オーディオ機器や電磁調理器などの動作状態表示、自動車のパネル表示などがあげられる。そして、前記マトリクス表示とセグメント表示は同じパネルの中に共存していてもよい。
【００３４】
本発明の発光素子はバックライトとしても好ましく用いられる。本発明におけるバックライトは、主に自発光しない表示装置の視認性を向上させる目的に使用され、液晶表示装置、時計、オーディオ装置、自動車パネル、表示板、標識などに使用される。特に液晶表示装置、中でも薄型化が課題となっているパソコン用途のバックライトとしては、従来方式のものが蛍光灯や導光板からなっているため薄型化が困難であることを考えると、本発明におけるバックライトは薄型、軽量が特徴になる。
【００３５】
【実施例】
以下、実施例および比較例をあげて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって限定されるものではない。
【００３６】
実施例１
ＩＴＯ透明導電膜を１５０ｎｍ堆積させたガラス基板（旭硝子社製、１５Ω／□、電子ビーム蒸着品）を３０×４０ｍｍに切断、エッチングを行った。得られた基板をアセトン、セミコクリン５６で各々１５分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。続いてイソプロピルアルコールで１５分間超音波洗浄してから熱メタノールに１５分間浸漬させて乾燥させた。この基板を素子を作製する直前に１時間ＵＶ−オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が５×１０−５Ｐａ以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔輸送材料として４，４’−ビス（Ｎ−（ｍ−トリル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ）ビフェニルを１３０ｎｍ蒸着した。次に発光材料として、下記に示されるＥＭ１を３０ｎｍの厚さに積層した。
【００３７】
【化７】
【００３８】
比較例１
発光材料としてビス（２−メチルキノリノラート）（２−ピリジノラート）アルミニウム（III）を用いた以外は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、ピーク波長：５１０ｎｍの青緑色発光しか得られず、色純度が悪かった。
【００３９】
実施例２
発光材料として下記に示されるＥＭ２を用いた他は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。
【００４０】
【化８】
【００４１】
実施例３
発光材料として下記に示されるＥＭ３を用いた他は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。
【００４２】
【化９】
【００４３】
実施例４
正孔輸送材料として銅フタロシアニンを２０ｎｍ、３，３’−ビス（エチルカルバゾール）を１３０ｎｍ用いた以外は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、輝度：１２９６カンデラ／平方メートル、ピーク波長：４２８ｎｍ、ＣＩＥ色度座標：ｘ＝０．１６４、ｙ＝０．１２８の良好な青色発光が得られた。１０００カンデラ／平方メートル以上の高輝度であり、ピーク波長も４６０ｎｍ以下と優れた色純度を示した。
【００４４】
実施例５
発光材料として、ＥＭ１をホスト材料として、１，３−ジメシチルイソベンゾフランをドーパント材料として用いて、ドーパントが０．３ｗｔ％になるように３０ｎｍの厚さに共蒸着した以外は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、輝度：１２３８カンデラ／平方メートル、ピーク波長：４４７ｎｍ、ＣＩＥ色度座標：ｘ＝０．１６６、ｙ＝０．１３０の良好な青色発光が得られた。１０００カンデラ／平方メートル以上の高輝度であり、ピーク波長も４６０ｎｍ以下と優れた色純度を示した。
【００４５】
比較例２
ホスト材料としてビス（２−メチルキノリノラート）（２−ピリジノラート）アルミニウム（III）を用いた以外は実施例５と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、ピーク波長：５１０ｎｍの青緑色発光しか得られなかった。ドーパント材料からの発光は得られず、色純度が悪かった。
【００４６】
実施例６
ドーパント材料として１，３−ジ（２−メチルフェニル）イソベンゾフランを用いた以外は実施例５と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、輝度：２１２０カンデラ／平方メートル、ピーク波長：４５９ｎｍ、ＣＩＥ色度座標：ｘ＝０．１５８、ｙ＝０．１５６の良好な青色発光が得られた。１０００カンデラ／平方メートル以上の高輝度であり、ピーク波長も４６０ｎｍ以下と優れた色純度を示した。
【００４７】
実施例７
ドーパント材料として７−ジエチルアミノ−４−メチルクマリンを用いた他は実施例６と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、輝度：１６カンデラ／平方メートル、ピーク波長：４３７ｎｍ、ＣＩＥ色度座標：ｘ＝０．１５７、ｙ＝０．０９６の良好な青色発光が得られた。１０００カンデラ／平方メートル以上の高輝度であり、ピーク波長も４６０ｎｍ以下と優れた色純度を示した。
【００４８】
実施例８
発光材料と正孔輸送材料の間に、電子ブロック層として、４，４−ビス（２，２−ジフェニルビニル）ビフェニルを１０ｎｍ積層した以外は実施例１と全く同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、輝度：１８２９カンデラ／平方メートル、ピーク波長：４３４ｎｍ、ＣＩＥ色度座標：ｘ＝０．１６０、ｙ＝０．１３０の良好な青色発光が得られた。１０００カンデラ／平方メートル以上の高輝度であり、ピーク波長も４６０ｎｍ以下と優れた色純度を示した。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、発光効率が高く、高輝度で色純度に優れた、発光素子を提供できるものである。特に青色発光にとって有効なものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an element that can convert electrical energy into light, and can be used in the fields of display elements, flat panel displays, backlights, lighting, interiors, signs, signboards, electrophotographic machines, optical signal generators, and the like. It relates to an element.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, research on an organic laminated thin film light emitting element that emits light when an electron injected from a negative electrode and a hole injected from a positive electrode are recombined in an organic phosphor sandwiched between both electrodes has been actively conducted. This element is thin, has high luminance emission under a low driving voltage, and features multicolor emission by selecting a fluorescent material.
[0003]
The fact that the organic laminated thin film element emits light with a high luminance is that C.D. W. First shown by Tang et al. (Appl. Phys. Lett. 51 (12) 21, p. 913, 1987). The representative structure of the organic laminated thin film light emitting device presented by Kodak Company is a tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum having a hole transporting diamine compound, a light emitting layer and an electron transporting property on an ITO glass substrate, and Mg: Ag was sequentially provided as the negative electrode, and green light emission of 1000 candela / square meter was possible with a driving voltage of about 10V. In addition to the above-mentioned element components, some organic multilayer thin film light-emitting elements have a different structure, such as a separate electron transport layer, but basically follow Kodak's structure. Yes.
[0004]
The light emitting layer is composed of only a host material or is formed by doping a host material with a guest material. Light emitting materials are required to have three primary colors, but the green light emitting materials have been most researched so far. At present, intensive research is being conducted to improve the characteristics of red and blue light-emitting materials. In particular, a blue light emitting material that can emit light with high luminance and good color purity is desired.
[0005]
As host materials, metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives such as the aforementioned tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum, benzoxazole derivatives, stilbene derivatives, benzthiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, Examples thereof include oxadiazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivative metal complexes, and benzazole derivative metal complexes.
[0006]
In the blue light emitting host material, as an example in which relatively good performance is obtained, a metal complex combining a quinolinol derivative and a different ligand (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 5-214332 and 6-172751), Examples thereof include bisstyrylbenzene derivatives (JP-A-4-117485, JP-A-5-17765), but the color purity is not particularly satisfactory.
[0007]
On the other hand, dopant materials as guest materials are known to be useful as laser dyes, such as fluorescent coumarin dyes such as 7-dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarin, dicyanomethylenepyran dyes, dicyanomethylenethiols. Pyran dye, polymethine dye, cyanine dye, oxobenzanthracene dye, xanthene dye, rhodamine dye, fluorescein dye, pyrylium dye, carbostyryl dye, perylene dye, acridine dye, bis (styryl) benzene dye, pyrene dye, oxazine dye, Phenylene oxide dyes, perylene, tetracene, pentacene, quinacridone compounds, quinazoline compounds, pyrrolopyridine compounds, furopyridine compounds, 1,2,5-thiadiazolopyrene derivatives, perinone derivatives, pyrrolopyrrole Compounds, squarylium compounds, violanthrone compound, phenazine derivatives, acridone compounds, such Jiazafurabin derivatives are known.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, many of the light emitting materials (host materials and dopant materials) used in the prior art have low light emission efficiency and high power consumption, and low compound durability and short device lifetime. Further, red, green, and blue primary light emission is required for full-color displays. However, in red and blue light emission, there are few that satisfy the emission wavelength, and there are few that have a wide emission peak width and good color purity. In particular, in blue light emission, those having excellent durability and sufficient luminance and color purity characteristics are required.
[0009]
The object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the prior art and to provide a light emitting device having high luminous efficiency, high luminance and excellent color purity.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an element in which a substance that emits light exists between a positive electrode and a negative electrode and emits light by electric energy, and the element includes an organic phosphor having an azole skeleton represented by the following general formula (3) The light emitting element is characterized by the above.
[0011]
[Chemical 2]
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
If the positive electrode in the present invention is transparent for extracting light, a conductive metal oxide such as tin oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), or a metal such as gold, silver, or chromium, copper iodide Inorganic conductive materials such as copper sulfide, conductive polymers such as polythiophene, polypyrrole, and polyaniline are not particularly limited, but it is particularly desirable to use ITO glass or Nesa glass. The resistance of the transparent electrode is not limited as long as a current sufficient for light emission of the element can be supplied, but it is desirable that the resistance be low from the viewpoint of power consumption of the element. For example, an ITO substrate with a resistance of 300Ω / □ or less will function as a device electrode, but since it is now possible to supply a substrate with a resistance of approximately 10Ω / □, use a substrate with a low resistance of 20Ω / □ or less. Is particularly desirable. The thickness of ITO can be arbitrarily selected according to the resistance value, but is usually used in a range of 100 to 300 nm. Further, soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like is used for the glass substrate, and it is sufficient that the thickness is sufficient to maintain the mechanical strength, so 0.7 mm or more is sufficient. Regarding the material of the glass, non-alkali glass is preferred because it is better that ions eluted from the glass are less. However, soda lime glass having a barrier coat such as SiO 2 is also commercially available and can be used. The ITO film forming method is not particularly limited, such as an electron beam evaporation method, a sputtering method, or a chemical reaction method.
[0013]
The negative electrode in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that can efficiently inject electrons into a substance that controls light emission or a substance adjacent to a substance that controls light emission (for example, an electron transport layer). In general, platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, indium, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like can be mentioned. Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, or alloys containing these low work function metals are effective for increasing the electron injection efficiency and improving device characteristics. However, these low work function metals are generally unstable in the atmosphere, and metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, and indium, or these metals are used for electrode protection. It is preferable to laminate a conventional alloy, an inorganic material such as silica and titania, and a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol and vinyl chloride. The method for producing these electrodes is not particularly limited as long as conduction can be achieved, such as resistance heating deposition, electron beam deposition, sputtering, ion plating, and coating.
[0014]
The structure of the substance responsible for light emission in the present invention is 1) hole transport material / light emitting material, 2) hole transport material / light emitting material / electron transport material, 3) light emitting material / electron transport material, and 4) Any of the forms in which the combined substances are mixed in one layer may be used. That is, in addition to the multilayer structure of 1) to 3) above, a layer containing a light emitting material alone or a light emitting material and a hole transport material, or a layer containing a light emitting material, a hole transport material and an electron transport material as shown in 4). It may be provided only.
[0015]
The light emitting material in the present invention may be either a host material alone or a combination of a host material and a dopant material. Further, the dopant material may be included in the entire host material, or may be included partially. The dopant material may be either laminated or dispersed.
[0016]
As the hole transport material in the present invention, it is necessary to efficiently transport holes from the positive electrode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied, the hole injection efficiency is high, and the injected holes are transported efficiently. It is desirable. For this purpose, it is required that the ionization potential is low, the hole mobility is high, the stability is high, and the trapping impurities are difficult to be generated during production and use. Although it does not specifically limit as a substance which satisfy | fills such conditions, Triphenylamine derivatives, such as a biscarbazolyl derivative, TPD, m-MTDATA, (alpha) -NPD, a pyrazoline derivative, a stilbene type compound, a hydrazone type compound, an oxadi Known hole transport materials such as heterocyclic compounds represented by azole derivatives and phthalocyanine derivatives, polyvinyl carbazole, and polysilane can be used. These hole transport materials may be used alone, but may be used by being laminated or mixed with different hole transport materials.
[0017]
The light emitting material in the present invention contains an organic phosphor having an azole skeleton represented by the following general formula (3) .
[0018]
[Chemical 3]
[0019]
In the description of these substituents, the alkyl group represents, for example, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a butyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The cycloalkyl group represents a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl, adamantyl, and the like, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The aralkyl group is an aromatic hydrocarbon group via an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as a benzyl group or a phenylethyl group, and both the aliphatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon may be unsubstituted or substituted. It doesn't matter. The alkenyl group refers to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a vinyl group, an allyl group or a butadienyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The cycloalkenyl group refers to an unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group, or a cyclohexene group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. . The alkynyl group refers to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a triple bond such as an acetylenyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The alkoxy group refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as a methoxy group, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be unsubstituted or substituted. The alkylthio group is a group in which an oxygen atom of an ether bond of an alkoxy group is substituted with a sulfur atom. The aryl ether group refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group via an ether bond such as a phenoxy group, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be unsubstituted or substituted. The arylthioether group is a group in which the oxygen atom of the ether bond of the arylether group is substituted with a sulfur atom. The aryl group represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, a terphenyl group, or a pyrenyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The heterocyclic group is a cyclic structural group having an atom other than carbon, such as a furyl group, a thienyl group, an oxazolyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, or a carbazolyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. Absent. Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Haloalkane, haloalkene, haloalkyne means, for example, a part or all of the above-mentioned alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group such as trifluoromethyl group substituted with the above-mentioned halogen, and the remaining part may be unsubstituted It may be replaced. Aldehyde groups, carbonyl groups, ester groups, carbamoyl groups, amino groups include those substituted with aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic rings, etc. The cyclic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic ring may be unsubstituted or substituted. A silyl group refers to a silicon compound group such as a trimethylsilyl group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted. The siloxanyl group indicates a silicon compound group through ether bonds, such as trimethylsiloxanyl group For example, this is not a matter be substituted or unsubstituted.
[0020]
In the organic phosphor having the benzoazole skeleton of the general formula (3) in the present invention, the nitrogen substituted by R23 and R24 can modify the molecule in a branched manner, and provides an electron transport ability. Since the blue fluorescence is obtained can adjust the length of the or conjugation, it is desirable that bonded by a single bond as benzazole skeleton of the general formula (3).
[0021]
Specific examples of the organic phosphor having an azole skeleton include the following structures.
[0022]
[Formula 4]
[Chemical formula 5]
[Chemical 6]
[0025]
The host material of the light emitting material is not limited to a single organic phosphor having an azole skeleton, and a mixture of organic phosphors having a plurality of azole skeletons or one or more known host materials having an azole skeleton You may mix and use with organic fluorescent substance. Although it does not specifically limit as a known host material, Condensed ring derivatives, such as anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, perylene, chrysene, etc. which were known as a light emitter for a long time, Tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum etc. are included. Metal complexes of quinolinol derivatives, benzoxazole derivatives, stilbene derivatives, benzthiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, bisstyrylanthracene derivatives and distyrylbenzene derivatives , Metal complexes combining quinolinol derivatives with different ligands, oxadiazole derivative metal complexes, benzazole derivative metal complexes, coumarin derivatives, pyrrolopyridine derivatives , Perinone derivatives, thiadiazolopyridine derivatives, the polymer system, polyphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyparaphenylene derivatives, and polythiophene derivatives may be used.
[0026]
The dopant material added to the light emitting material is not particularly limited, but specifically, conventionally known condensations such as phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, tetracene, pentacene, perylene, naphthopyrene, dibenzopyrene, rubrene, etc. Ring derivatives, benzoxazole derivatives, benzthiazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, benztriazole derivatives, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, stilbene derivatives, thiophene derivatives, tetraphenyl Butadiene derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, bisstyryl anthracene derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivatives and other bisstyryl derivatives, diazaindacene derivatives Body, furan derivative, benzofuran derivative, phenylisobenzofuran, dimesitylisobenzofuran, di (2-methylphenyl) isobenzofuran, di (2-trifluoromethylphenyl) isobenzofuran, isobenzofuran derivatives such as phenylisobenzofuran, dibenzofuran Derivatives, 7-dialkylaminocoumarin derivatives, 7-piperidinocoumarin derivatives, 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives, 7-methoxycoumarin derivatives, 7-acetoxycoumarin derivatives, 3-benzthiazolylcoumarin derivatives, 3-benzimidazolylcoumarin derivatives , Coumarin derivatives such as 3-benzoxazolyl coumarin derivatives, dicyanomethylenepyran derivatives, dicyanomethylenethiopyran derivatives, polymethine derivatives, cyanine derivatives, oxobenzan Lathene derivatives, xanthene derivatives, rhodamine derivatives, fluorescein derivatives, pyrylium derivatives, carbostyril derivatives, acridine derivatives, bis (styryl) benzene derivatives, oxazine derivatives, phenylene oxide derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, quinazoline derivatives, pyrrolopyridine derivatives, furopyridine derivatives, 1 , 2,5-thiadiazolopyrene derivatives, perinone derivatives, pyrrolopyrrole derivatives, squarylium derivatives, violanthrone derivatives, phenazine derivatives, acridone derivatives, diazaflavin derivatives and the like can be used as they are, and isobenzofuran derivatives are particularly preferably used.
[0027]
As the electron transporting material in the present invention, it is necessary to efficiently transport electrons from the negative electrode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied, and it is desirable that the electron injection efficiency is high and the injected electrons are transported efficiently. . For this purpose, it is required that the material has a high electron affinity, a high electron mobility, excellent stability, and a substance that does not easily generate trapping impurities during manufacturing and use. As substances satisfying such conditions, quinolinol derivative metal complexes represented by 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum, tropolone metal complexes, flavonol metal complexes, perylene derivatives, perinone derivatives, naphthalene, coumarin derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, aldazine derivatives, Although there are bisstyryl derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, etc., there is no particular limitation. Since the organic phosphor having an azole skeleton in the present invention also has an excellent electron transport ability, it can be suitably used as an electron transport material. These electron transport materials are used alone, but may be laminated or mixed with different electron transport materials.
[0028]
The materials used for the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer can form each layer alone. Polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polystyrene, poly (N-vinylcarbazole) are used as the polymer binder. Solvent-soluble resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyester, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polybutadiene, hydrocarbon resin, ketone resin, phenoxy resin, polyamide, ethyl cellulose, vinyl acetate, ABS resin, polyurethane resin, and phenol resin It can also be used by being dispersed in a curable resin such as a xylene resin, petroleum resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, or the like.
[0029]
The method for forming a substance that controls light emission in the present invention is not particularly limited, such as resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering method, molecular lamination method, and coating method. It is preferable in terms of characteristics. The thickness of the layer is not limited because it depends on the resistance value of the substance responsible for light emission, but is selected from 10 to 1000 nm.
[0030]
The electric energy in the present invention mainly indicates a direct current, but a pulse current or an alternating current can also be used. The current value and voltage value are not particularly limited, but in consideration of the power consumption and lifetime of the device, the maximum luminance should be obtained with as low energy as possible.
[0031]
The light-emitting element of the present invention preferably constitutes a display for displaying by a matrix or segment system or a combination of both.
[0032]
The matrix in the present invention refers to a matrix in which pixels for display are arranged in a grid pattern, and displays characters and images by a set of pixels. The shape and size of the pixel are determined by the application. For example, a rectangular pixel having a side of 300 μm or less is usually used for displaying images and characters on a personal computer, monitor, television, etc. In the case of a large display such as a display panel, a pixel having a side of mm order is used. Become. In monochrome display, pixels of the same color may be arranged, but in color display, red, green, and blue pixels are displayed side by side. In this case, there are typically a delta type and a stripe type. In addition, since the light emitting element in the present invention can emit red, green, and blue light, multicolor or full color display can be performed by using the display method. The matrix driving method may be either a line sequential driving method or an active matrix. Line-sequential driving has the advantage of simpler structure, but the active matrix may be superior in consideration of operating characteristics, so it is also necessary to use it depending on the application.
[0033]
In the segment type according to the present invention, a pattern is formed so as to display predetermined information, and a predetermined region is caused to emit light. For example, the time and temperature display in a digital clock or a thermometer, the operation status display of an audio device or an electromagnetic cooker, the panel display of an automobile, etc. The matrix display and the segment display may coexist in the same panel.
[0034]
The light emitting device of the present invention is also preferably used as a backlight. The backlight in the present invention is used mainly for the purpose of improving the visibility of a display device that does not emit light, and is used for a liquid crystal display device, a clock, an audio device, an automobile panel, a display board, a sign, and the like. In particular, as a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, particularly a personal computer application where thinning is an issue, considering that it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the conventional method because it is made of a fluorescent lamp or a light guide plate, the present invention The backlight is characterized by being thin and light.
[0035]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated, this invention is not limited by these examples.
[0036]
Example 1
A glass substrate (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., 15Ω / □, electron beam evaporated product) on which an ITO transparent conductive film was deposited to 150 nm was cut into 30 × 40 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically washed with acetone and semicocrine 56 for 15 minutes, respectively, and then washed with ultrapure water. Subsequently, it was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol for 15 minutes and then immersed in hot methanol for 15 minutes to dry. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 × 10 −5 Pa or less. First, 4,4′-bis (N- (m-tolyl) -N-phenylamino) biphenyl was deposited as a hole transporting material by a resistance heating method to a thickness of 130 nm. Next, as a light emitting material, EM1 shown below was laminated to a thickness of 30 nm.
[0037]
[Chemical 7]
[0038]
Comparative Example 1
A light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that bis (2-methylquinolinolato) (2-pyridinolate) aluminum (III) was used as the light emitting material. From this light emitting element, only blue-green light emission with a peak wavelength of 510 nm was obtained, and the color purity was poor.
[0039]
Example 2
A light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that EM2 shown below was used as the light emitting material.
[0040]
[Chemical 8]
[0041]
Example 3
A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that EM3 shown below was used as the light emitting material.
[0042]
[Chemical 9]
[0043]
Example 4
A light emitting device was fabricated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that 20 nm of copper phthalocyanine and 130 nm of 3,3′-bis (ethylcarbazole) were used as the hole transport material. From this light emitting element, good blue light emission with luminance: 1296 candela / square meter, peak wavelength: 428 nm, CIE chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.164, and y = 0.128 was obtained. The brightness was as high as 1000 candela / square meter and the peak wavelength was 460 nm or less, indicating excellent color purity.
[0044]
Example 5
As Example 1, except that EM1 was used as a host material, 1,3-dimesitylisobenzofuran was used as a dopant material, and co-evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm so that the dopant was 0.3 wt%. A light emitting device was fabricated in exactly the same manner. From this light-emitting element, good blue light emission with luminance: 1238 candela / square meter, peak wavelength: 447 nm, CIE chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.166, and y = 0.130 was obtained. The brightness was as high as 1000 candela / square meter and the peak wavelength was 460 nm or less, indicating excellent color purity.
[0045]
Comparative Example 2
A light emitting device was fabricated in exactly the same manner as in Example 5, except that bis (2-methylquinolinolato) (2-pyridinolate) aluminum (III) was used as the host material. From this light emitting element, only blue-green light emission with a peak wavelength of 510 nm was obtained. Light emission from the dopant material was not obtained, and the color purity was poor.
[0046]
Example 6
A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 1,3-di (2-methylphenyl) isobenzofuran was used as the dopant material. From this light-emitting element, good blue light emission with luminance: 2120 candela / square meter, peak wavelength: 459 nm, CIE chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.158, and y = 0.156 was obtained. The brightness was as high as 1000 candela / square meter and the peak wavelength was 460 nm or less, indicating excellent color purity.
[0047]
Example 7
A light emitting device was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 6 except that 7-diethylamino-4-methylcoumarin was used as the dopant material. From this light emitting element, good blue light emission with luminance: 16 candela / square meter, peak wavelength: 437 nm, CIE chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.157, and y = 0.096 was obtained. The brightness was as high as 1000 candela / square meter and the peak wavelength was 460 nm or less, indicating excellent color purity.
[0048]
Example 8
A light emitting device was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 nm of 4,4-bis (2,2-diphenylvinyl) biphenyl was laminated as an electron blocking layer between the light emitting material and the hole transport material. From this light emitting element, good blue light emission with luminance: 1829 candela / square meter, peak wavelength: 434 nm, CIE chromaticity coordinates: x = 0.160, and y = 0.130 was obtained. The brightness was as high as 1000 candela / square meter and the peak wavelength was 460 nm or less, indicating excellent color purity.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can provide a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency, high luminance, and excellent color purity. This is particularly effective for blue light emission.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10498899A JP4000711B2 (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Light emitting element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10498899A JP4000711B2 (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Light emitting element |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000299186A JP2000299186A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
| JP2000299186A5 JP2000299186A5 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
| JP4000711B2 true JP4000711B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
Family
ID=14395486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10498899A Expired - Fee Related JP4000711B2 (en) | 1999-04-13 | 1999-04-13 | Light emitting element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4000711B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6713194B2 (en) | 2002-05-14 | 2004-03-30 | Lightronik Technology Inc. | Organic electroluminescence element |
| JP4401665B2 (en) | 2003-03-20 | 2010-01-20 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Electroluminescent device |
| KR101320382B1 (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2013-10-29 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Organic light emitting compound and organic light emitting device comprising the same |
| JP2010133032A (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2010-06-17 | Showa Glove Kk | Protection glove, guard protection glove utilizing the same, and method for detecting damage of guard glove |
| US8188132B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2012-05-29 | Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Linked dibenzimidazole derivatives |
| KR101219487B1 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-01-15 | 덕산하이메탈(주) | Bis(benzoimidazole) chemiclal and organic electroric element using the same, terminal thererof |
| JP5171734B2 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2013-03-27 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Electroluminescent device and light emitting device |
| EP2575819A4 (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2013-11-27 | Enanta Pharm Inc | Hepatitis c virus inhibitors |
| WO2012021704A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Hepatitis c virus inhibitors |
| AU2021267373A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2022-12-08 | Ajax Therapeutics, Inc. | 6-heteroaryloxy benzimidazoles and azabenzimidazoles as JAK2 inhibitors |
| WO2023086319A1 (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2023-05-19 | Ajax Therapeutics, Inc. | 6-he tero aryloxy benzimidazoles and azabenzimidazoles as jak2 inhibitors |
-
1999
- 1999-04-13 JP JP10498899A patent/JP4000711B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000299186A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4876333B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP4032566B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP4876311B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP4843889B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2002063988A (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2001023777A (en) | Luminescent element | |
| JP2001006877A5 (en) | ||
| JP2003133075A (en) | Luminescent element | |
| JP2001057292A (en) | Luminescent element | |
| JP4432313B2 (en) | Tetraphenylmethane derivative and light emitting device including the same | |
| JP4000711B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2001196182A (en) | Luminous element | |
| JP4590678B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2001332384A (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP4729776B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2000323278A (en) | Light emitter | |
| JP2001291590A5 (en) | ||
| JP2000299186A5 (en) | ||
| JP2001250689A (en) | Light emission element | |
| JP4048645B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP4613411B2 (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2001332385A (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JP2000100569A (en) | Luminescent element | |
| JP2002289351A (en) | Light emitting element | |
| JPH11329729A (en) | Luminescent element |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20060314 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060314 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20070713 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20070724 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20070806 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100824 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100824 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100824 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110824 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120824 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130824 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |