JP3992755B2 - Acceleration detection device and airbag activation device - Google Patents

Acceleration detection device and airbag activation device Download PDF

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JP3992755B2
JP3992755B2 JP54023899A JP54023899A JP3992755B2 JP 3992755 B2 JP3992755 B2 JP 3992755B2 JP 54023899 A JP54023899 A JP 54023899A JP 54023899 A JP54023899 A JP 54023899A JP 3992755 B2 JP3992755 B2 JP 3992755B2
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fixed contact
contact
mass body
movable contact
variable resistor
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智 浅田
利幸 山下
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0132—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to vehicle motion parameters, e.g. to vehicle longitudinal or transversal deceleration or speed value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/017—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including arrangements for providing electric power to safety arrangements or their actuating means, e.g. to pyrotechnic fuses or electro-mechanic valves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/135—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by making use of contacts which are actuated by a movable inertial mass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Description

技術分野
この発明は、自動車の移動体に設けられ、この移動体の衝突時に発生する加速度を検出し、自動車等のエアバッグを起動させるための加速度検知装置とエアバッグ起動装置に関するものである。
背景技術
第１図は従来の加速度検知装置を使用し、エアバッグを起動させる従来のエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。図において、１は自動車の各部に必要な電源を供給するバッテリ,２はバッテリ１による電源の供給を開閉するイグニッションスイッチ、３及び４は逆流防止用のダイオード、５はバッテリ１の電圧を昇圧する昇圧装置,６は自動車の衝突によりバッテリ１からの電源供給が失われた場合に、電圧を供給するバックアップコンデンサ,７はマイコン１４に電圧を供給する電源装置である。
また８ａ,８ｂは電流分流用の抵抗、９ａ,９ｂは電流の開閉を行うスイッチ素子、１０ａ,１０ｂはエアバッグを膨張展開させるためのインフレーターに点火する一対のスクイブ、１１は電流の開閉を行うスイッチ素子、１４は電源装置７より安定化された電圧の供給を受けて、制御回路全体の制御を行うマイコン、１５は自動車の衝突による加速度変化を電気信号に変換してマイコン１４に伝達する半導体式センサである。
さらに２０は自動車の衝突を検出する機械式センサであり、自動車の衝突時に自動車が減速し、その慣性エネルギーによる加速度を受けて動作するスイッチ２１を備えている。
ここで機械式センサ２０のスイッチ２１の一方の端子はダイオード３と昇圧装置５に接続され、他方の端子は電流分流用の抵抗８ａ,８ｂに接続され、スイッチ素子９ａ,９ｂ１１のゲートは、マイコン１４の出力ポートＰ３,Ｐ４,Ｐ５にそれぞれ接続され、半導体式センサ１５はマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ６に接続されている。
このようにエアバッグ起動装置に使用する加速度検知装置として、加速度の大小を検知する半導体式センサと誤動作防止用の機械式センサを使用している。
次に動作について説明する。
自動車の始動時にイグニッションスイッチ２が閉じられると、昇圧装置５はダイオード４を介してバッテリ１からの電圧の供給を受け、例えばバッテリ１の電圧よりも高い電圧を生成し、バックアップコンデンサ６を充電する。マイコン１４に対しては、通常バッテリ１より電源装置７を介して電源電圧の供給が行われる。バッテリ１からの電源供給が失われた際には、バックアップコンデンサ６より電源装置７を介して、電源電圧が供給される。
ここで自動車が衝突し、自動車の減速度が所定値を越えると、機械式センサ２０のスイッチ２１が閉じて、昇圧装置５からの電圧の電流分流用の抵抗８ａ,８ｂに供給すると共に、半導体式センサ１５が衝突による加速度を積分し、電気信号に変換してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ６に伝達する。
半導体式センサ１５からの入力を受けて、マイコン１４はインフレータへの点火の要否を判断し、点火の必要があれば、出力ポートＰ３,Ｐ４,Ｐ５より点火信号を出力して、スイッチ素子９ａ,９ｂ,１１をそれぞれオンさせる。そして昇圧装置５からの電圧により一対のスクイブ１０ａ,１０ｂに点火電流が流れ、エアバッグを膨張展開させる。また衝突によってバッテリ１から電圧の供給が停止されても、バックアップコンデンサ６によりスクイブ１０ａ,１０ｂに十分な点火電流を供給することができる。
従来の加速度検知装置としては、以下のように加速度の大小を検知する半導体式センサ１５と誤動作防止用に機械式センサ２０を使用している。これは、半導体式センサ１５が伝搬ノイズ等で誤作動した場合のエアバッグ起動装置の起動を防止するために、機械式センサ２０を使用し二重系で信頼性を確保しているためである。このように、半導体式センサと機械式センサを併用してエアバッグ起動装置を構成していたので、エアバッグ起動装置全体の小型化が困難であり、コストが割高になるという課題があった
この発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、小型化されコストの安価な加速度検知装置及びエアバッグ起動装置を得ることを目的とする。
発明の開示
この発明に係る加速度検知装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体と、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸と、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材と、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点と、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通するものである。
この発明に係るエアバッグ起動装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が動通し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
この発明に係るエアバッグ起動装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が動通し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
この発明に係るエアバッグ起動装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張展開させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るものである。
この発明に係るエアバッグ起動装置は、制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
この発明に係るエアバッグ起動装置は、制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
この発明に係る加速度検知装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体と、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸と、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材と、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点と、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通するものである。
このことによって、従来使用していた半導体式センサを併用しなくても済む小型化されたコストの安価な加速度検知装置を得ることができるという効果を奏する。
この発明にかかるエアバッグ起動装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が動通し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
このことによって、従来使用していた半導体式センサを併用しなくても済む小型化されたコストの安価なエアバッグ起動装置を得ることができるという効果を奏する。また、衝突形態により適切にエアバッグを膨張展開させることができるという効果を奏する。
この発明にかかるエアバッグ起動装置は、所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が動通し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第１の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
このことによって、従来使用していた半導体式センサを併用しなくても済む小型化されたコストの安価なエアバッグ起動装置を得ることができるという効果を奏する。また、衝突形態により適切にエアバッグを膨張展開させることができるという効果を奏する。
所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、弾性部材に対抗して質量体と共に摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、エアバッグを膨張展開させる駆動手段と、駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、可動接点の移動量に対応して、第１の固定接点と第２の固定接点が導通することにより駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、第３の固定接点と可変抵抗が導通することにより、制御手段の制御信号を得るものである。
このことによって、従来使用していた半導体式センサを併用しなくても済む小型化されたコストの安価なエアバッグ起動装置を得ることができると共に、可変抵抗の温度特性を考慮しなくても高い信頼性が確保でき、しかも制御手段の回路構成が単純で計算が簡単に済むという効果を奏する。
この発明にかかるエアバッグ起動装置は、制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
このことによって、衝突形態により適切にエアバッグを膨張展開させることができるという効果を奏する。
この発明にかかるエアバッグ起動装置は、制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御するものである。
このことによって、衝突形態により適切にエアバッグを膨張展開させることができる言う効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図はこの発明に実施の形態１による従来の加速度検知装置を使用し、エアバッグを起動させる従来のエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。
第２図はこの発明の実施の形態１による加速度検知装置を使用し、エアバッグを起動させる実施の形態１によるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である
第３図はこの発明の実施の形態１による加速度検知装置を示す斜視図である。
第４図はこの発明の実施の形態１による加速度検知装置の横断図を示す図である。
第５図はこの発明の実施の形態１による機械式センサの模式図である。
第６図はこの発明に実施の形態１による機械式センサの等価回路である。
第７図はこの発明の実施の形態１によるエアバッグを膨張展開させる判定方法を説明する図である。
第８図はラフロード走行と低速衝突の場合に衝撃Ｇ波形を示す図である。
第９図はこの発明の実施の形態２によるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。
第１０図はこの発明の実施の形態２による機械式センサの模式図である。
第１１図はこの発明の実施の形態２による機械式センサの等価回路である。
第１２図はこの発明の実施の形態３によるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。
第１３図はこの発明の実施の形態３による機械式センサの模式図である。
第１４図はこの発明の実施の形態による機械式センサの等価回路である。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
以下、この発明をより詳細に説明するために、この発明を実施するための最良の形態について、添付の図面に従って説明する。
実施の形態１．
第２図はこの発明の実施の形態１による加速度検知装置を使用し、エアバッグを起動させるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。図において、３０は機械式センサであり、自動車の衝突時の加速度を受けて閉じる２ヶのスイッチ３１ａ，３１ｂとニクロム板等の可変抵抗３２により構成されている。そして、スイッチ３１ａの一方の端子はダイオード３、昇圧装置５に接続され、他方の端子は可変抵抗３２の移動端子に接続されている。また、可変抵抗３２の一方の固定端子は、抵抗１６ａを介して接地されると共に、電圧を変換するＩ／Ｆ１２を介してマイコンの入力ポートＰ１に接続されている。
さらにこのエアバッグ起動装置では、従来使用していた第１図における半導体式センサ１５を省略している。他の構成は従来の第１図における構成と同一である。
このように、電流分流用抵抗８ａ，８ｂ、スイッチ素子９ａ，９ｂ，１１、一対のスクイブ１０ａ，１０ｂは、エアバッグを膨張展開させるための駆動手段を構成しており、可変抵抗３２、抵抗１６ａ、Ｉ／Ｆ１２、マイコン１４は、この駆動手段を制御する制御手段を構成している。
また第３図はこの発明の実施の形態１による加速度検知装置すなわち機械式センサ３０の斜視図であり、第４図はこの加速度検知装置の横断面を示す図である。第３図及び第４図において、３２は第２図における可変抵抗、１１１，１１２は固定接点、１１４は固定接点１１１と固定接点１１２と接触する可動接点、１１５は固定接点１１１と可変抵抗３２と接触する可動接点である。また１１６は可動接点１１４，１１５を保持し所定の質量を有する質量体、１１７は質量体１１６を摺動させる摺動軸、１１８は摺動軸１１７の周囲に設置され、質量体１１６を矢印Ａと反対方向に付勢するコイルスプリング、１１９はこの加速度検知装置（機械式センサ３０）のハウジングである。
さらに第５図は機械式センサ３０の模式図である。図に示すように、固定接点１１１はダイオード３と昇圧装置５に、固定接点１１２は電流分流用抵抗８ａ，８ｂに、可変抵抗３２の一端は抵抗１６ａとＩ／Ｆ１２にそれぞれ接続されている。一対の可動接点１１４は、矢印Ａの方向に移動したときに、固定接点１１１と１１２に接触し、固定接点１１１と１１２を導通させる。また、一対の可動接点１１５は、矢印Ａの方向に移動したときに、固定接点１１１と可変抵抗３２に接触し、固定接点１１１と可変抵抗３２を導通させる。すなわち、第２図におけるスイッチ３１ａは、固定接点１１１，１１２、可動接点１１４により構成され、スイッチ３１ｂは固定接点１１１，可変抵抗３２，稼動接点１１５により構成されている。
次に動作について説明する。
第２図において、自動車の始動時にイグニッションスイッチ２が閉じられると、従来と同様に、昇圧装置５はダイオード４を介してバッテリ１からの電圧の供給を受け、例えば、バッテリの電圧よりも高い電圧を生成し、バックアップコンデンサ６を充電する。マイコン１４に対しては、通常バッテリ１より電源装置７を介して、電源電圧の供給が行われる。バッテリ１からの電源供給が失われた際には、バックアップコンデンサ６より電源装置７を介して電源電圧が供給される。
そして自動車が通常に走行しているときは、第３図及び第４図において、質量体１１６はコイルスプリング１１８の弾性力によって矢印Ａと反対方向に付勢されているので、可動接点１１４,１１５は固定接点１１１,１１２や可変抵抗３２と離れている状態となっており、第２図において、昇圧装置５からの電圧は、電流分流用抵抗８ａ,８ｂや可変抵抗３２に供給されない。
ここで自動車が衝突し、自動車の減速度が所定値を越えると、すなわち、機械式センサ３０にとって加速度が所定値を越えると、質量体１１６はコイルスプリング１１８の弾性力に打ち勝ち、機械式センサ３０の可動接点１１４,１１５は矢印Ａの方向に移動し、固定接点１１１と固定接点１１２を電気的に接続して、昇圧装置５からの電圧を電流分流用抵抗８ａ,８ｂに供給すると共に、固定接点１１１と可変抵抗３２を電気的に接続して、昇圧装置５からの電圧を可変抵抗３２に供給する。この場合、機械式センサ３０が受ける加速度の値により、可動接点１１５の位置は可変抵抗３２上で変化し、抵抗１６ａの両端には、可動接点１１５の位置によって変化する電圧が発生する。その後、衝突後に自動車が停止し、加速度が消滅すると、質量体１１６はコイルスプリング１１８の弾性力により戻されるので、可動接点１１４,１１５が、固定接点１１１,１１２や可変抵抗３２から離れ、電流分流用抵抗８ａ,８ｂ及び可変抵抗３２への電圧供給が停止される。
第６図は可変抵抗３２と抵抗１６ａの各抵抗値と電圧の関係を示す等価回路である。図において、可変抵抗３２の抵抗率をρ、長さをｌ、可動接点１１５の一端（抵抗１６ａとの接続側）からの距離をｘ、抵抗１６ａの抵抗値をＲａ、層圧装置５からの電圧をＶ、抵抗１６ａの両端の電圧をＶａとし、可変抵抗３２の断面積を単位断面積とすると、次式が成り立つ。
Ｖａ＝Ｖ・Ｒａ／（ρｘ＋Ｒａ） （１）
この（１）式で、距離ｘにより変化する電圧Ｖａが、Ｉ／Ｆ１２を介してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ１に入力される。
この（１）式より距離ｘは次のように求めることができる。
ｘ＝（Ｖ・Ｒａ／Ｖａ−Ｒａ）／ρ （２）
そしてマイコン１４は、入力ポートＰ１に入力された信号により、インフレータへの点火の要否を判断し、点火の必要があれば、出力ポートＰ３,Ｐ４,Ｐ５より点火信号を出力して、スイッチ素子９ａ,９ｂ,１１をそれぞれオンさせる。そして昇圧装置５からの電圧により一対のスクイブ１０ａ,１０ｂに点火電流が流れ、エアバッグを膨張展開させる。
ここで、マイコン１４が入力ポートＰ１に入力された信号により、エアバッグを膨張展開させる判定方法について説明する。
第７図は可動接点１１５の移動する距離ｘと移動する時間Ｔによる判定方法を説明する図である。図において、横軸は可動接点１１５が可変抵抗３２に接触を開始してからの時間を示し、縦軸は可変抵抗３２上の可動接点１１５の移動する距離を示す。また、斜線部分はエアバッグを膨張展開させる領域を示す。さらに、衝突形態（Ｉ）は、距離ｘがある程度大きく時間Ｔが小さい場合、衝突形態（II）は、距離ｘ、時間Ｔがある程度大きい場合、衝突形態（III）は、距離ｘが小さく時間Ｔがある程度大きい場合である。ここでは、衝突形態（Ｉ)、（III）の場合は、エアバッグを膨張展開させないが、（II）の場合は、斜線領域線と交わるＱ点でエアバッグを膨張展開させる。マイコン１４は、入力ポートＰ１に入力された信号により、上記距離ｘと時間Ｔを計算し、エアバッグを膨張展開させるかを判定する。
次に、加速度検知装置の物理量から、質量体１１６が移動する速度、すなわち可動接点１１５が移動する速度を所定の時間毎に計算し、その積算値により判定する方法について説明する。
質量体１１６のマス質量をｍ、コイルスプリング１１８のばね定数をｋ、バネ初期荷重をω０、サンプリング時間をΔＴとすると、質量体１１６の速度の積算値Ｕは次式で表せる。
Ｕ＝Σ（ｋｘ＋ω０）ΔＴ／ｍ （３）
ここで（ｋｘ＋ω０）は、コイルスプリング１１８を動かす力であり、（ｋｘ＋ω０）ΔＴ／ｍは、あるサンプリング時間における質量体１１６の速度を示す。そして、この速度の積算値Ｕを所定の速度の積算値Ｕｔｈと比較し、次式が成り立つときにエアバッグを膨張展開させる。
Ｕ＝Σ（ｋｘ＋ω０）ΔＴ／ｍ＞Ｕｔｈ （４）
この判定では、上記加速度検知装置の物理量を予めマイコン１４が保持しておき、入力ポートＰ１に入力される信号より距離ｘを求めて判定する。
この判定方法は各サンプリング時間における速度の積算値を用いて判定することにより、第７図の示す距離と時間の１回のサンプリングにより判定する方法に比べ、種々の衝突形態に対し、より適切な判定が行える。
第８図は自動車が凹凸な道路であるラフロードを走行している場合と、低速衝突した場合の衝撃Ｇ波形を示す。この場合、ラフロード走行に対してはエアバッグを膨張展開させず、低速衝突に対してはエアバッグを膨張展開させる必要があるが、第７図における判定方法では、適切に判定することは困難になる。しかし、上記速度の積算値を使用して判定する方法では、ラフロード走行の衝撃Ｇ波形の積分値は小さく、低速衝突の衝撃Ｇ波形の積分値は大きくなるので、明確に区別することが可能となる。
なお、上記速度の積算値は、加速度検知装置の物理量から求めているが、マイコン１４の入力ポートＰ１に入力される信号により各サンプリング時間における時間と距離より速度を求め、その速度の積算値を使用しても、同様に判定することができる。
マイコン１４は、以上のような判定方法に基づき、入力ポートＰ１に入力された入力信号により、エアバッグを膨張展開させるかどうかを判断する。
また衝突によってバッテリ１から昇圧装置５を介した電圧の供給が停止されても、バックアップコンデンサ６によりスクイブ１０ａ、１０ｂに十分な点火電流を供給する。
以上のように、衝突のエネルギーの大小を判定して、エアバッグの膨張展開の制御を行うようにしたので、従来使用していた半導体式センサを省略することができ、小型化されコストの安価な加速度検知装置及びエアバッグ軌道装置を実現することができるという効果が得られる。
実施の形態２．
第９図はこの発明の実施の形態２によるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図である。実施の形態１の第２図と異なる点は、第２図で開放となっていた可変抵抗３２の他端は、抵抗１６ｂを介して接地されると共に、電圧を変換するＩ／Ｆ１３を介してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ２に第２接続されている点である。その他の構成は、実施の形態１の第２図と同等である。
また、第１０図は機械式センサ３０の模式図であり、可変抵抗３２の両端に、抵抗１６ａ，Ｉ／Ｆ１２及び抵抗１６ｂ、Ｉ／Ｆ１３がそれぞれ接続されていている。
さらに第１１図は可変抵抗３２と抵抗１６ａ，１６ｂの各抵抗値と電圧の関係を示す等価回路である。図において、抵抗１６ｂの抵抗値をＲｂ、抵抗１６ｂの両端の電圧をＶｂとし、他は実施の形態１の第６図を同じとすると、次式が成り立つ。
Ｖａ＝Ｖ・Ｒａ／（ρｘ＋Ｒａ） （１）
Ｖｂ＝Ｖ・Ｒｂ／（ρ（１−ｘ）＋Ｒｂ） （５）
この（１）式で、距離ｘにより変化する電圧Ｖａが、Ｉ／Ｆ１２を介してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ１に入力され、（５）式で、距離ｘにより変化する電圧Ｖｂが、Ｉ／Ｆ１３を介してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ２に入力される。
この（１）式及び（５）式より、距離ｘは次のように求めることができる。
ｘ＝（ρ・１・（Ｖｂ／Ｒｂ）＋Ｖｂ−Ｖａ）
÷（ρ（（Ｖａ／Ｒａ）＋（Ｖｂ／Ｒｂ））） （６）
上記（６）式では、昇圧装置５からの電圧Ｖに関係ないので、電圧Ｖの変動の影響を受けずに距離ｘを求めることができる。
そしてマイコン１４は、入力ポートＰ１とＰ２に入力された信号により、インフレータへの点火の要否を判断し、点火の必要があれば、出力ポートＰ３，Ｐ４，Ｐ５より点火信号を出力し、スイッチ素子９ａ，９ｂ，１１をそれぞれオンさせる。そして昇圧装置５からの電圧により一対のスクイブ１０ａ，１０ｂに点火電流が流れ、エアバッグを膨張展開させる。
ここで、マイコン１４が入力ポートＰ１，Ｐ２に入力された信号によりエアバッグを膨張展開させる判定方法については、実施の形態１と同様に判定する。
以上のように、この実施の携帯２によれば、機械式センサに可変抵抗を備え、衝突のエネルギーの大小を判定して、エアバッグの膨張展開の制御を行うようにしたので、従来使用していた半導体式センサを省略することができ、小型化されコストの安価な加速度検知装置及びエアバッグ起動装置を実現することができるという効果が得られる。
また、昇圧装置５からの電圧Ｖに関係なく距離ｘを求めることができるので、電圧Ｖの変動の影響を受けずに、精度の高いエアバッグ起動装置を実現することができるという効果が得られる。
実施の形態３．
第１２図はこの発明の実施の形態３によるエアバッグ起動装置を示す図であり、第１３図は機械式センサ３０の模式図である。第１３図に示すように、実施の形態１の第５図とは異なり、固定接点１１１が固定接点１１１ａと１１１ｂの２つに分離され、固定接点１１１ａ，１１２、可動接点１１４により、第１２図のスイッチ３１ａが構成され、固定接点１１１ｂ、可変抵抗３２、可動接点１１５により、第１２図のスイッチ３１ｂが構成されている。また、可変抵抗３２の一方の端子は接地され、他方の端子は、固定接点１１１ａと同様に昇圧装置５に接続され、固定接点１１１ｂは、Ｉ／Ｆ１２を介してマイコン１４の入力ポートＰ１に接続されている。
第１４図は可変抵抗３２の抵抗値と電圧の関係を示す等価回路である。図において、抵抗値ρｘの両端の電圧をＶｃとすると次式が成り立つ。
Ｖｃ＝Ｖ・ρｘ＝Ｖ・ｘ／ｌ （７）
この（７）式より、距離ｘは次のように求めることができる。
ｘ＝Ｖｃ・ｌ／Ｖ （８）
上記（８）式では、可変抵抗３２の抵抗率ρに依存しないので、温度特性の影響を考慮せずに距離ｘを求めることができ、可変抵抗３２の材料の選定が容易となる。
そしてマイコン１４はｍ入力ポートＰ１に入力された信号により、インフレータへの点火の要否を判断し、点火の必要があれば、出力ポートＰ３，Ｐ４，Ｐ５より点火信号を出力し、スイッチ素子９ａ，９ｂ，１１をそれぞれオンさせる。そして昇圧装置５からの電圧により一対のスクイブ１０ａ，１０ｂに点火電流が流れ、エアバッグを膨張展開させる。
ここで、マイコン１４が入力ポートＰ１に入力された信号により、エアバッグを膨張展開させる判定方法については、実施の形態１と同様に判定する。
以上のように、この実施の形態３によれば、機械式センサに可変抵抗を備え、衝突のエネルギーの大小を判定して、エアバッグの膨張展開の制御を行うようにしたので、従来使用していた半導体式センサを省略することができ、小型化されコストの安価な加速度検知装置及びエアバッグ起動装置を実現することができるという効果が得られる。
また、可変抵抗３２の抵抗率ρに関係なく距離ｘを求めることができるので、温度特性を考慮しなくても高い信頼性が確保できると共に、回路構成が単純でしかもマイコン１４内の計算が簡単に済むという効果が得られる。
産業上の利用可能性
以上のように、この発明に係る加速度検知装置及びエアバッグ起動装置は、従来使用していた半導体式センサを省略することができ、小型化され安価なコストで実現するものに適している。Technical field
The present invention relates to an acceleration detection device and an airbag activation device that are provided in a moving body of an automobile, detect acceleration generated when the moving body collides, and activate an airbag of the automobile or the like.
Background art
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional airbag activation device that activates an airbag using a conventional acceleration detection device. In the figure, 1 is a battery for supplying necessary power to each part of the automobile, 2 is an ignition switch for opening and closing the power supply by the battery 1, 3 and 4 are diodes for preventing backflow, and 5 is a voltage booster for the battery 1. The booster 6 is a backup capacitor that supplies a voltage when the power supply from the battery 1 is lost due to a car collision, and the power supply 7 that supplies a voltage to the microcomputer 14.
8a and 8b are resistors for current shunting, 9a and 9b are switch elements for opening and closing currents, 10a and 10b are a pair of squibs for igniting an inflator for inflating and deploying an airbag, and 11 is for opening and closing currents. A switch element 14 is a microcomputer that receives the supply of a stabilized voltage from the power supply device 7 and controls the entire control circuit, and 15 is a semiconductor that converts an acceleration change caused by a car collision into an electrical signal and transmits it to the microcomputer 14. Type sensor.
Reference numeral 20 denotes a mechanical sensor that detects a collision of the automobile, and includes a switch 21 that operates in response to acceleration due to inertial energy of the automobile when the automobile collides.
Here, one terminal of the switch 21 of the mechanical sensor 20 is connected to the diode 3 and the booster 5, the other terminal is connected to the current shunting resistors 8a and 8b, and the gates of the switch elements 9a and 9b11 are connected to the microcomputer. 14 are connected to output ports P3, P4, and P5, respectively, and the semiconductor sensor 15 is connected to an input port P6 of the microcomputer 14.
As described above, a semiconductor sensor for detecting the magnitude of acceleration and a mechanical sensor for preventing malfunction are used as the acceleration detection device used for the airbag activation device.
Next, the operation will be described.
When the ignition switch 2 is closed at the start of the automobile, the booster 5 is supplied with a voltage from the battery 1 via the diode 4, for example, generates a voltage higher than the voltage of the battery 1 and charges the backup capacitor 6. . A power supply voltage is normally supplied from the battery 1 to the microcomputer 14 via the power supply device 7. When the power supply from the battery 1 is lost, the power supply voltage is supplied from the backup capacitor 6 via the power supply device 7.
Here, when the automobile collides and the deceleration of the automobile exceeds a predetermined value, the switch 21 of the mechanical sensor 20 is closed and supplied to the resistors 8a and 8b for current diversion of the voltage from the booster 5 and the semiconductor. The type sensor 15 integrates the acceleration due to the collision, converts it into an electric signal, and transmits it to the input port P6 of the microcomputer 14.
Upon receiving an input from the semiconductor sensor 15, the microcomputer 14 determines whether or not the inflator needs to be ignited. If ignition is necessary, the microcomputer 14 outputs an ignition signal from the output ports P3, P4 and P5, and the switch element 9a. , 9b, 11 are turned on. The ignition current flows through the pair of squibs 10a and 10b by the voltage from the booster 5, and the airbag is inflated and deployed. Even when the supply of voltage from the battery 1 is stopped due to a collision, the backup capacitor 6 can supply a sufficient ignition current to the squibs 10a and 10b.
As a conventional acceleration detection device, a semiconductor sensor 15 for detecting the magnitude of acceleration and a mechanical sensor 20 for preventing malfunction are used as follows. This is because the mechanical sensor 20 is used to ensure reliability in a double system in order to prevent activation of the airbag activation device when the semiconductor sensor 15 malfunctions due to propagation noise or the like. . As described above, since the airbag starter is configured by using both the semiconductor sensor and the mechanical sensor, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the entire airbag starter and the cost is high.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to obtain an acceleration detection device and an airbag activation device that are reduced in size and cost.
Disclosure of the invention
An acceleration detection device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. When the acceleration is received, the movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first, second, and third fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact and the variable The first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are conducted, and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact.
An airbag activation device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first and second fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the variable resistance, and is movable. Corresponding to the amount of movement of the contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact move, the acceleration detection device in which the first fixed contact and the variable resistance are conducted, the driving means for inflating the airbag, and the drive Control means for controlling the means, and the power supply voltage of the driving means is supplied by the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact being conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact, and the first fixed contact The control signal of the control means is obtained by the conduction of the variable resistance.At the same time, the control means obtains the distance and time that the movable contact moves on the variable resistor from the input control signal, and controls the driving means based on the distance and time.Is.
An airbag activation device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis with the mass body against the elastic member, the first and second fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the variable resistance are movable. Corresponding to the amount of movement of the contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact move, the acceleration detecting device in which the first fixed contact and the variable resistance are conducted, the driving means for inflating the airbag, and the drive Control means for controlling the means, and the power supply voltage of the driving means is supplied by the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact being conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact, and the first fixed contact The control signal of the control means is obtained by conducting the variable resistance. Together, the control unit samples the control signal input at predetermined time intervals determine the integrated value of the speed of the movable contacts, based on the integrated value of the speed, and controls the drive means.
An airbag activation device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first, second, and third fixed contacts that contact with the movement of the movable contact and the variable resistance are provided. In accordance with the amount of movement of the movable contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected, and the drive for inflating and deploying the airbag. And a control means for controlling the drive means, and the power supply voltage of the drive means is supplied by the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact being conducted according to the moving amount of the movable contact, 3 is connected to the variable resistor to control the control means. It is intended to obtain a signal.
In the airbag starter according to the present invention, the control means obtains the distance and time that the movable contact moves on the variable resistor from the input control signal, and controls the drive means based on the distance and time. .
In the airbag starter according to the present invention, the control means samples the input control signal every predetermined time to obtain an integrated value of the speed of the movable contact, and controls the driving means based on the integrated value of the speed. It is.
An acceleration detection device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. When the acceleration is received, the movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first, second, and third fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact and the variable The first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are conducted, and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact.
As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to obtain a small-sized and inexpensive acceleration detecting device that does not require the use of a semiconductor sensor that has been conventionally used.
An airbag activation device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first and second fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the variable resistance, and is movable. Corresponding to the amount of movement of the contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact move, the acceleration detection device in which the first fixed contact and the variable resistance are conducted, the driving means for inflating the airbag, and the drive Control means for controlling the means, and the power supply voltage of the driving means is supplied by the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact being conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact, and the first fixed contact When the variable resistor is turned on, the control signal of the control means is ThatAt the same time, the control means obtains the distance and time for the movable contact to move on the variable resistor from the input control signal, and controls the drive means based on this distance and time.
As a result, it is possible to obtain an air bag activation device that is reduced in size and cost that does not require the use of a semiconductor sensor that has been conventionally used.Moreover, there exists an effect that an airbag can be inflate-deployed appropriately by the collision form.
An airbag activation device according to the present invention includes a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, the first and second fixed contacts that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the variable resistance, and is movable. Corresponding to the amount of movement of the contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact move, the acceleration detection device in which the first fixed contact and the variable resistance are conducted, the driving means for inflating the airbag, and the drive Control means for controlling the means, and the power supply voltage of the driving means is supplied by the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact being conducted according to the amount of movement of the movable contact, and the first fixed contact When the variable resistor is turned on, the control signal of the control means is Rutotomoni, the control unit samples the control signal input at predetermined time intervals determine the integrated value of the speed of the movable contacts, based on the integrated value of the speed, and controls the drive means.
As a result, it is possible to obtain an air bag activation device that is reduced in size and cost that does not require the use of a semiconductor sensor that has been conventionally used. Moreover, there exists an effect that an airbag can be inflate-deployed appropriately by the collision form.
A mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that urges the mass body in a predetermined direction, and is opposed to the elastic member when receiving acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body, the first, second, and third fixed contacts that come into contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the variable resistance, and corresponds to the amount of movement of the movable contact. The acceleration detecting device in which the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected, the driving means for inflating and deploying the airbag, and the control means for controlling the driving means In accordance with the amount of movement of the movable contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected to supply the power supply voltage of the driving means, and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected. Thus, the control signal of the control means is obtained.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a small-sized and inexpensive airbag starter that does not require the use of a conventional semiconductor sensor, and is high without considering the temperature characteristics of the variable resistance. The reliability can be ensured, and the circuit configuration of the control means is simple and the calculation is simple.
In the airbag starter according to the present invention, the control means obtains the distance and time that the movable contact moves on the variable resistor from the input control signal, and controls the drive means based on the distance and time. .
This produces an effect that the airbag can be inflated and deployed appropriately depending on the collision mode.
In the airbag starter according to the present invention, the control means samples the input control signal every predetermined time to obtain the integrated value of the speed of the movable contact, and controls the driving means based on the integrated value of the speed. It is.
This produces an effect that the airbag can be inflated and deployed appropriately depending on the collision mode.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional airbag activation device that activates an airbag using the conventional acceleration detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an airbag activation device according to Embodiment 1 that activates an airbag using the acceleration detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an acceleration detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the acceleration detecting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit of the mechanical sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a determination method for inflating and deploying an airbag according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an impact G waveform in the case of rough road running and low speed collision.
FIG. 9 is a view showing an airbag activation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical sensor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit of a mechanical sensor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a view showing an airbag activation device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical sensor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is an equivalent circuit of the mechanical sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, in order to describe the present invention in more detail, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an airbag activation device that activates an airbag using the acceleration detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a mechanical sensor, which is composed of two switches 31a and 31b that are closed in response to acceleration in the event of an automobile collision, and a variable resistor 32 such as a nichrome plate. One terminal of the switch 31 a is connected to the diode 3 and the booster 5, and the other terminal is connected to the moving terminal of the variable resistor 32. One fixed terminal of the variable resistor 32 is grounded via the resistor 16a, and is connected to the input port P1 of the microcomputer via the I / F 12 that converts the voltage.
Further, in this airbag starter, the semiconductor sensor 15 in FIG. 1 which has been conventionally used is omitted. The other structure is the same as the structure in FIG.
Thus, the current shunting resistors 8a and 8b, the switch elements 9a, 9b and 11, and the pair of squibs 10a and 10b constitute a driving means for inflating and deploying the airbag, and the variable resistor 32 and the resistor 16a. The I / F 12 and the microcomputer 14 constitute control means for controlling the drive means.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the acceleration detecting device, that is, the mechanical sensor 30 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross section of the acceleration detecting device. 3 and 4, 32 is the variable resistor in FIG. 2, 111 and 112 are fixed contacts, 114 is a movable contact that contacts the fixed contact 111 and the fixed contact 112, and 115 is the fixed contact 111 and the variable resistor 32. It is a movable contact that contacts. Reference numeral 116 denotes a mass body that holds the movable contacts 114 and 115 and has a predetermined mass, 117 is a slide shaft that slides the mass body 116, 118 is installed around the slide shaft 117, and the mass body 116 is moved to the arrow A. A coil spring 119 that is biased in the opposite direction is a housing of the acceleration detection device (mechanical sensor 30).
Further, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical sensor 30. As shown in the figure, the fixed contact 111 is connected to the diode 3 and the booster 5, the fixed contact 112 is connected to the current shunting resistors 8 a and 8 b, and one end of the variable resistor 32 is connected to the resistor 16 a and the I / F 12. When the pair of movable contacts 114 move in the direction of the arrow A, they come into contact with the fixed contacts 111 and 112 and make the fixed contacts 111 and 112 conductive. Further, when the pair of movable contacts 115 move in the direction of the arrow A, they contact the fixed contact 111 and the variable resistor 32, and make the fixed contact 111 and the variable resistor 32 conductive. That is, the switch 31a in FIG. 2 is composed of the fixed contacts 111 and 112 and the movable contact 114, and the switch 31b is composed of the fixed contact 111, the variable resistor 32, and the operating contact 115.
Next, the operation will be described.
In FIG. 2, when the ignition switch 2 is closed at the start of the automobile, the booster 5 is supplied with the voltage from the battery 1 via the diode 4 as in the conventional case, and is, for example, a voltage higher than the voltage of the battery. And the backup capacitor 6 is charged. A power supply voltage is supplied to the microcomputer 14 from the normal battery 1 via the power supply device 7. When the power supply from the battery 1 is lost, the power supply voltage is supplied from the backup capacitor 6 via the power supply device 7.
When the automobile is traveling normally, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the mass body 116 is urged in the direction opposite to the arrow A by the elastic force of the coil spring 118, so that the movable contacts 114 and 115 are moved. Is separated from the fixed contacts 111 and 112 and the variable resistor 32. In FIG. 2, the voltage from the booster 5 is not supplied to the current shunt resistors 8a and 8b and the variable resistor 32.
Here, when the automobile collides and the deceleration of the automobile exceeds a predetermined value, that is, when the acceleration exceeds a predetermined value for the mechanical sensor 30, the mass body 116 overcomes the elastic force of the coil spring 118, and the mechanical sensor 30. The movable contacts 114 and 115 move in the direction of arrow A, and the fixed contact 111 and the fixed contact 112 are electrically connected to supply the voltage from the booster 5 to the current shunting resistors 8a and 8b, and the fixed contacts 111 and 115 are fixed. The contact 111 and the variable resistor 32 are electrically connected to supply the voltage from the booster 5 to the variable resistor 32. In this case, the position of the movable contact 115 changes on the variable resistor 32 depending on the acceleration value received by the mechanical sensor 30, and a voltage that changes depending on the position of the movable contact 115 is generated at both ends of the resistor 16a. After that, when the automobile stops after the collision and the acceleration disappears, the mass body 116 is returned by the elastic force of the coil spring 118. Therefore, the movable contacts 114 and 115 are separated from the fixed contacts 111 and 112 and the variable resistor 32, and the current component. The voltage supply to the diverting resistors 8a and 8b and the variable resistor 32 is stopped.
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit showing the relationship between each resistance value and voltage of the variable resistor 32 and the resistor 16a. In the figure, the resistivity of the variable resistor 32 is ρ, the length is l, the distance from one end of the movable contact 115 (the connection side with the resistor 16a) is x, the resistance value of the resistor 16a is Ra, and the resistance from the layer pressure device 5 is When the voltage is V, the voltage across the resistor 16a is Va, and the sectional area of the variable resistor 32 is a unit sectional area, the following equation is established.
Va = V · Ra / (ρx + Ra) (1)
In this equation (1), a voltage Va that changes depending on the distance x is input to the input port P1 of the microcomputer 14 via the I / F 12.
From this equation (1), the distance x can be obtained as follows.
x = (V · Ra / Va−Ra) / ρ (2)
The microcomputer 14 determines whether or not the inflator needs to be ignited based on the signal input to the input port P1, and if ignition is necessary, outputs an ignition signal from the output ports P3, P4, and P5 to switch the switch element. 9a, 9b, and 11 are turned on. The ignition current flows through the pair of squibs 10a and 10b by the voltage from the booster 5, and the airbag is inflated and deployed.
Here, a determination method for inflating and deploying the airbag based on a signal input to the input port P1 by the microcomputer 14 will be described.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a determination method based on the moving distance x and the moving time T of the movable contact 115. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates the time after the movable contact 115 starts to contact the variable resistor 32, and the vertical axis indicates the distance that the movable contact 115 moves on the variable resistor 32. A hatched portion indicates a region where the airbag is inflated and deployed. Further, in the collision mode (I), when the distance x is somewhat large and the time T is small, the collision mode (II) is when the distance x and the time T are large, and when the collision mode (III) is, the distance x is small and the time T is small. Is large to some extent. Here, in the collision modes (I) and (III), the airbag is not inflated and deployed, but in the case of (II), the airbag is inflated and deployed at a point Q that intersects with the hatched area line. The microcomputer 14 calculates the distance x and the time T based on a signal input to the input port P1, and determines whether to inflate and deploy the airbag.
Next, a method of calculating the speed at which the mass body 116 moves, that is, the speed at which the movable contact 115 moves, from the physical quantity of the acceleration detection device at predetermined time intervals and determining it based on the integrated value will be described.
When the mass mass of the mass body 116 is m, the spring constant of the coil spring 118 is k, the initial spring load is ω0, and the sampling time is ΔT, the integrated value U of the speed of the mass body 116 can be expressed by the following equation.
U = Σ (kx + ω0) ΔT / m (3)
Here, (kx + ω0) is a force for moving the coil spring 118, and (kx + ω0) ΔT / m indicates the velocity of the mass body 116 at a certain sampling time. Then, the speed integrated value U is compared with a predetermined speed integrated value Uth, and the airbag is inflated and deployed when the following equation is satisfied.
U = Σ (kx + ω0) ΔT / m> Uth (4)
In this determination, the microcomputer 14 holds the physical quantity of the acceleration detection device in advance, and the distance x is determined from the signal input to the input port P1.
This determination method is more appropriate for various types of collision than the method of determining by one sampling of distance and time shown in FIG. Judgment can be made.
FIG. 8 shows an impact G waveform when the automobile is traveling on a rough road, which is an uneven road, and when a low-speed collision occurs. In this case, it is necessary not to inflate and deploy the airbag for rough road travel, but to inflate and deploy the airbag for low-speed collisions, but it is difficult to make an appropriate determination with the determination method in FIG. Become. However, in the determination method using the integrated value of the speed, the integrated value of the impact G waveform of the rough road traveling is small and the integrated value of the impact G waveform of the low-speed collision is large, so that it can be clearly distinguished. Become.
The integrated value of the speed is obtained from the physical quantity of the acceleration detection device, but the speed is obtained from the time and distance at each sampling time by a signal input to the input port P1 of the microcomputer 14, and the integrated value of the speed is obtained. Even if it is used, it can be similarly determined.
The microcomputer 14 determines whether or not to inflate and deploy the airbag based on the input signal input to the input port P1 based on the determination method as described above.
Even if the supply of voltage from the battery 1 through the booster 5 is stopped due to a collision, the backup capacitor 6 supplies a sufficient ignition current to the squibs 10a and 10b.
As described above, since the magnitude of the collision energy is determined and the inflation and deployment of the airbag is controlled, the conventionally used semiconductor sensor can be omitted, the size is reduced, and the cost is low. The effect that an acceleration detection device and an air bag track device can be realized is obtained.
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a view showing an airbag activation device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The difference from FIG. 2 of the first embodiment is that the other end of the variable resistor 32 opened in FIG. 2 is grounded via a resistor 16b and also via an I / F 13 that converts the voltage. The second connection is to the input port P2 of the microcomputer 14. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical sensor 30. Resistors 16a and I / F12 and resistors 16b and I / F13 are connected to both ends of the variable resistor 32, respectively.
Further, FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit showing the relationship between the resistance values of the variable resistor 32 and the resistors 16a and 16b and the voltage. In the figure, assuming that the resistance value of the resistor 16b is Rb, the voltage across the resistor 16b is Vb, and the rest is the same as in FIG. 6 of the first embodiment, the following equation holds.
Va = V · Ra / (ρx + Ra) (1)
Vb = V · Rb / (ρ (1-x) + Rb) (5)
In this equation (1), a voltage Va that varies depending on the distance x is input to the input port P1 of the microcomputer 14 via the I / F 12, and in equation (5), the voltage Vb that varies depending on the distance x is equal to the I / F 13 To the input port P2 of the microcomputer 14.
From the equations (1) and (5), the distance x can be obtained as follows.
x = (ρ · 1 · (Vb / Rb) + Vb−Va)
÷ (ρ ((Va / Ra) + (Vb / Rb))) (6)
In the above equation (6), since it is not related to the voltage V from the booster 5, the distance x can be obtained without being affected by the fluctuation of the voltage V.
The microcomputer 14 determines whether or not the inflator needs to be ignited based on signals input to the input ports P1 and P2, and outputs an ignition signal from the output ports P3, P4 and P5 if the ignition is necessary. The elements 9a, 9b, and 11 are turned on. The ignition current flows through the pair of squibs 10a and 10b by the voltage from the booster 5, and the airbag is inflated and deployed.
Here, the determination method in which the microcomputer 14 inflates and deploys the airbag based on the signals input to the input ports P1 and P2 is determined in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
As described above, according to the mobile phone 2 of this embodiment, the mechanical sensor is provided with a variable resistor, and the magnitude of the collision energy is determined to control the inflation and deployment of the airbag. The conventional semiconductor sensor can be omitted, and it is possible to realize an acceleration detection device and an airbag activation device that are reduced in size and cost.
Further, since the distance x can be obtained regardless of the voltage V from the booster 5, an effect that a highly accurate airbag activation device can be realized without being affected by the fluctuation of the voltage V is obtained. .
Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 12 is a view showing an airbag starter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a mechanical sensor 30. As shown in FIG. 13, unlike FIG. 5 of the first embodiment, the fixed contact 111 is separated into two fixed contacts 111a and 111b. The switch 31a of FIG. 12 is configured by the fixed contact 111b, the variable resistor 32, and the movable contact 115. Further, one terminal of the variable resistor 32 is grounded, the other terminal is connected to the booster 5 similarly to the fixed contact 111a, and the fixed contact 111b is connected to the input port P1 of the microcomputer 14 via the I / F 12. Has been.
FIG. 14 is an equivalent circuit showing the relationship between the resistance value of the variable resistor 32 and the voltage. In the figure, when the voltage across the resistance value ρx is Vc, the following equation is established.
Vc = V · ρx = V · x / l (7)
From this equation (7), the distance x can be obtained as follows.
x = Vc · l / V (8)
In the above equation (8), since it does not depend on the resistivity ρ of the variable resistor 32, the distance x can be obtained without considering the influence of the temperature characteristics, and the material of the variable resistor 32 can be easily selected.
The microcomputer 14 determines whether or not the inflator needs to be ignited based on the signal inputted to the m input port P1, and if ignition is necessary, outputs an ignition signal from the output ports P3, P4 and P5, and the switch element 9a. , 9b, 11 are turned on. The ignition current flows through the pair of squibs 10a and 10b by the voltage from the booster 5, and the airbag is inflated and deployed.
Here, the determination method for inflating and deploying the airbag is determined in the same manner as in the first embodiment based on the signal input from the microcomputer 14 to the input port P1.
As described above, according to the third embodiment, the mechanical sensor is provided with the variable resistance, and the magnitude of the collision energy is determined to control the inflation and deployment of the airbag. The conventional semiconductor sensor can be omitted, and it is possible to realize an acceleration detection device and an airbag activation device that are reduced in size and cost.
Further, since the distance x can be obtained regardless of the resistivity ρ of the variable resistor 32, high reliability can be secured without considering the temperature characteristics, the circuit configuration is simple, and the calculation in the microcomputer 14 is simple. The effect of ending is obtained.
Industrial applicability
As described above, the acceleration detection device and the airbag activation device according to the present invention can omit the conventionally used semiconductor sensor, and are suitable for those that are miniaturized and realized at low cost.

Claims (6)

所定の質量を持つ質量体と、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸と、上記質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材と、上記所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、上記弾性部材に対抗して上記質量体と共に上記摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点と、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗とを備え、上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が導通し、上記第３の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通することを特徴とする加速度検知装置。When a mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member that biases the mass body in a predetermined direction, and an acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction, A movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body against the elastic member, and first, second, and third fixed contacts and a variable resistor that come into contact with the movement of the movable contact. The acceleration detecting device is characterized in that the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected to each other and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected in accordance with the amount of movement of the movable contact. . 所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、上記質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、上記所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、上記弾性部材に対抗して上記質量体と共に上記摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が動通し、上記第１の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、
エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、
上記駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、
上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が導通することにより上記駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、上記第１の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通することにより、上記制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、上記制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御することを特徴とするエアバッグ起動装置。 A mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member which urges the mass body in a predetermined direction, and the elastic member when receiving acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction A movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body, first and second fixed contacts that contact with the movement of the movable contact, and a variable resistor, and the amount of movement of the movable contact Corresponding to the acceleration detecting device in which the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are moved, and the first fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected;
Driving means for inflating the airbag;
Control means for controlling the drive means,
Corresponding to the amount of movement of the movable contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected to supply the power supply voltage of the driving means, and the first fixed contact and the variable resistor are By conducting, the control signal of the control means is obtained , and the control means obtains the distance and the time that the movable contact moves on the variable resistance from the input control signal, and based on this distance and time, the drive means An air bag activation device that controls the air bag. 所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、上記質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、上記所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、上記弾性部材に対抗して上記質量体と共に上記摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が動通し、上記第１の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、
エアバッグを膨張させる駆動手段と、
上記駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、
上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が導通することにより上記駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、上記第１の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通することにより、上記制御手段の制御信号を得るとともに、上記制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御することを特徴とするエアバッグ起動装置。 A mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member which urges the mass body in a predetermined direction, and the elastic member when receiving acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction A movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body, first and second fixed contacts that contact with the movement of the movable contact, and a variable resistor, and the amount of movement of the movable contact Corresponding to the acceleration detecting device in which the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are moved, and the first fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected;
Driving means for inflating the airbag;
Control means for controlling the drive means,
Corresponding to the amount of movement of the movable contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected to supply the power supply voltage of the driving means, and the first fixed contact and the variable resistor are The control means obtains a control signal of the control means, and the control means samples the input control signal every predetermined time to obtain an integrated value of the speed of the movable contact, and based on the integrated value of the speed, An airbag starter that controls a driving means. 所定の質量を持つ質量体、この質量体が摺動する摺動軸、上記質量体を所定の方向に付勢する弾性部材、上記所定の方向と反対方向の加速度を受けたとき、上記弾性部材に対抗して上記質量体と共に上記摺動軸に沿って移動する可動接点、この可動接点の移動に伴い接触する第１、第２、第３の固定接点及び可変抵抗を有し、上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が導通し、上記第３の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通する加速度検知装置と、
エアバッグを膨張展開させる駆動手段と、
上記駆動手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、
上記可動接点の移動量に対応して、上記第１の固定接点と上記第２の固定接点が導通することにより上記駆動手段の電源電圧を供給し、上記第３の固定接点と上記可変抵抗が導通することにより、上記制御手段の制御信号を得ることを特徴とするエアバッグ起動装置。A mass body having a predetermined mass, a sliding shaft on which the mass body slides, an elastic member for urging the mass body in a predetermined direction, and the elastic member when receiving acceleration in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction A movable contact that moves along the sliding axis together with the mass body, a first, a second, a third fixed contact and a variable resistor that come in contact with the movement of the movable contact, and the movable contact Corresponding to the amount of movement, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are electrically connected, and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are electrically connected to an acceleration detection device,
Drive means for inflating and deploying the airbag;
Control means for controlling the drive means,
Corresponding to the amount of movement of the movable contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are conducted to supply the power voltage of the driving means, and the third fixed contact and the variable resistor are An air bag activation device characterized by obtaining a control signal of the control means by conducting. 制御手段が、入力した制御信号から可動接点が可変抵抗上を移動する距離とその時間を求め、この距離と時間に基づき、駆動手段を制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲第４項記載のエアバッグ起動装置。5. The control unit according to claim 4 , wherein the control unit obtains a distance and time for the movable contact to move on the variable resistor from the input control signal, and controls the driving unit based on the distance and time. Airbag activation device. 制御手段が、入力した制御信号を所定時間ごとにサンプリングして可動接点の速度の積算値を求め、この速度の積算値に基づき、駆動手段を制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲第４項記載のエアバッグ起動装置。Control means samples the control signal input at predetermined time intervals determine the integrated value of the speed of the movable contacts, based on the integrated value of the speed, claim 4, characterized in that for controlling the driving means The airbag starter described.
JP54023899A 1998-04-27 1998-04-27 Acceleration detection device and airbag activation device Expired - Fee Related JP3992755B2 (en)

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