JP3991331B2 - Pipe processing method and processing apparatus - Google Patents

Pipe processing method and processing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3991331B2
JP3991331B2 JP2002024490A JP2002024490A JP3991331B2 JP 3991331 B2 JP3991331 B2 JP 3991331B2 JP 2002024490 A JP2002024490 A JP 2002024490A JP 2002024490 A JP2002024490 A JP 2002024490A JP 3991331 B2 JP3991331 B2 JP 3991331B2
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Prior art keywords
pipe
mandrel
die
tube
processing
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JP2003225725A (en
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誠 西村
勝 神山
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0807Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off
    • B21C37/0811Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off removing or treating the weld bead

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、管を塑性加工により所定寸法形状に加工する加工方法および該方法の実施に向けて好適な加工装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
管を用いたものとして、例えば油圧緩衝器があり、この油圧緩衝器としては、図6および図7に示すように、ピストン1を摺動可能に内装した内筒2を有底の外筒3内に納め、ピストン1に一端が連結されたロッド(ピストンロッド)4の他端部を、内筒2および外筒3の開口端部に共通に嵌合したロッドガイド5と外筒3の開口端部に嵌合したオイルシール6とを挿通して外部へ延ばし、内筒2内に封入された油液を、ピストン1に設けたピストンバルブ7および外筒3の内底部に設けたベースバルブ8を流通させて伸び行程および縮み行程の減衰力を発生させ、ピストンロッド4の進入、退出分の油液は内筒2と外筒3との間の、ガスおよび油液が封入されたリザーバ9で補償する構造のものがある。このような油圧緩衝器において、前記外筒3の開口端部には、ロッドガイド5とオイルシール6とが圧入されて所定位置に固定され、外筒3の開口端部を内側にカールする(折り曲げる)ことで、ロッドガイド5およびオイルシール6が抜止めされている。また、前記外筒3の端部には、通常その外周側に圧入固定した状態で、バンプラバー(図示せず)を受止めるキャップ10が装着され、このキャップ10の内底側に所定個数(例えば、3個)設けた突起部10a(図7)が外筒3の開口端部に当接することで、キャップ10が位置決めされている。なお、11は車軸側への取付部となるアイ、12は車体側への取付部となる取付部材、13はコイルスプリングを受けるばね受である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記油圧緩衝器を構成する外筒3の開口端部は、上記したようにその内径側がロッドガイド5の嵌合部として、その外径側がキャップ10の圧入部としてそれぞれ供されるため、内径および外径の寸法はもとより、同心度、真円度等に高精度が要求される。また、外筒3の開口端部の内面が、上記したようにオイルシール6の嵌合部としても供されるため、オイルシール6の装入時にこれに傷を付けないように優れた面粗度を確保する必要があった。そこで従来は、電縫管等の電気溶接管を素管として用いて、その端部を機械加工(旋削)することにより所望の寸法形状精度と面粗度とを確保するようにしていた。
しかしながら、機械加工により端部加工を行う従来の方法によれば、精密加工を必要とするため、機械加工そのものに多くの工数と時間がかかり、加工コストの上昇が避けられない、という問題があった。また、機械加工により生じた切粉やバリが内面に付着して、これらが異物(コンタミネーション)として油圧緩衝器内に入り込む虞もあった。
なお、素管の端部をロータリスエージ加工により絞って、上記機械加工を省略することが一部で検討されているが、この場合は、素管として高価なシームレス管を用いる必要があるため、コスト負担の増大が避けられず、その上、タクト時間が長いため、生産性がそれほど上がらない。もちろん、電気溶接管を素管として用いて平行スエージ加工を行えば、前記コスト的および生産性の問題は解決するが、この場合は、電気溶接管に存在する溶接ビード部(溶接部)がそのまま残ってしまうため、最終的に旋削による仕上加工が必要になり、平行スエージ加工のせっかくの利点が失われてしまう。
【0004】
本発明は、上記した問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、その課題とするところは、安価な溶接管を使用しかつ効率的な平行スエージ加工を利用しても、優れた寸法形状精度と面粗度とを確保することができ、もってコストの低減並びに生産性の向上に大きく寄与する管の加工方法を提供し、併せてこの加工方法の実施に向けて好適な加工装置を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明の方法は、溶接管からなる素管にマンドレルを挿入すると共に、筒状ダイにより平行スエージ加工を行って素管を前記マンドレルに密着させ、次に、前記ダイを素管から引抜き、前記マンドレルは素管内に残したまま、半径外方向から押ダイを素管に接近させて、該素管の溶接部を前記マンドレルと協働して押し潰すことを特徴とする。
このように行う管の加工方法においては、平行スエージ加工により素管を絞ってその内面をマンドレルに密着させることで、優れた寸法形状精度および面粗度を確保することができる。また、最終的に押ダイとマンドレルとの協働により溶接管に存在する溶接部を押し潰すので、旋削による面倒な仕上加工が不要になる。
本発明の方法においては、素管にマンドレルを挿入した後、ダイにより平行スエージ加工を行うようにするのが望ましい。このように先にマンドレルを素管に挿入することで、平行スエージ加工中、素管とマンドレルとが擦り合うことがなくなり、管の内面に傷がつくことはない。この場合、素管の先端の内縁に、マンドレルとダイとの協働によりテーパ面を成形するようにしてもよい。
さらに、本発明の方法においては、ダイの内周に内径がわずかに拡大する逃げ部を設け、該逃げ部を潤滑油の油溜りとして用いるようにしてもよい。
【0006】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る管の加工装置は、素管を支持するクランプと、該クランプに支持された素管に挿入可能なマンドレルと、該クランプに支持された素管に沿って平行移動するダイとを備えたスエージ加工機に、前記素管に対して半径外方向から接近離間し、前記マンドレルと協働して素管の溶接部を押し潰す押ダイを付設したことを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1〜図3は、本発明の実施の形態としての管の端部加工方法を順を追って示したものである。本実施の形態は、前記図6、7に示した油圧緩衝器の外筒3の端部を塑性加工により所定の寸法形状に仕上げようとするもので、ここでは、その素管20として電気抵抗溶接管(電縫管)を用いるようにする。電縫管は、周知のように帯鋼を成形ロールにより管形状に連続成形して、その合せ部を抵抗加熱しながら圧接してなるもので、その管壁には、図5に示すように溶接ビード部21が形成される。ただし、電縫管の製造においては、通常、ライン内でビードカットを行うので、溶接ビード部21は、図5に示すように素管20の外径側では平滑となっている。この場合、素管20の内径側に残された溶接ビード21は、素材条件、溶接条件等により、同図に示すように凸状ビード21aまたは凹状ビード21bとして存在する。なお、この素管20の途中には、図1に示すように事前のバルジ加工により膨出部22が成形されているが、この膨出部22は、前記ばね受13(図6)を取付けるための係止部として利用される。
【0008】
本実施の形態は、上記素管20の端部に平行スエージ加工を加えることを特徴としており、このため、該素管20に挿入可能なマンドレル23とこのマンドレル23に嵌合可能な円筒状ダイ24とを用意する。マンドレル23は、図4によく示されるように、マンドレル23の本体部23aに対して段差面25を介して続く小幅のテーパ成形部26と、このテーパ成形部26に続く平行成形部27と、この平行成形部27に続く、該平行成形部27よりわずか小径の逃げ部28とを備えている。平行成形部27は、前記ロッドガイド5およびオイルシール6が嵌合される外筒3の端部内面3a(図7)に整合する寸法形状を有し、また、テーパ成形部26は、この外筒3の開口端の内縁に必要とするテーパ面3c(図7)に整合する寸法形状を有している。一方、ダイ24は、前記キャップ10が圧入される外筒3の外面3b(図7)と整合する円筒内面29を備えている。したがって、このダイ24の円筒内面29とマンドレル23の平行成形部27との間には、丁度、素管20の肉厚とほぼ等しい間隙Sが形成され、また、ダイ24の円筒内面29とマンドレル23の逃げ部28との間には、素管20の肉厚よりも大きな間隙S´が形成される(図4)。なお、ダイ24の開口端部には、ダイ24内に素管20を導入するためのテーパ導入部30が、ダイ24の開口端より奥側部分には円筒内面29より大径をなす凹状逃げ部31が形成されている。
【0009】
本発明の実施に際しては、図1に示すように、上記素管20をスエージ成形機(平行スエージ成形機)のクランプ32、32に、上記マンドレル23をスエージ成形機内に設けたクッションシリンダ(図示略)に、上記ダイ24をスエージ成形機の可動部(図示略)にそれぞれ支持させる。しかして、このスエージ成形機には、クランプ32に支持された素管20に対して半径外方向から接近離間可能な押ダイ33が配設されている。押ダイ33は、上記スエージ加工後、マンドレル23と協働して前記素管20に存在する溶接部としての溶接ビード部21(図5)を押し潰す役割をなすもので、図示を略すシリンダに支持されている。なお、この押ダイ33の端面は、平坦形状としても、あるいは後述のスエージ加工後の粗管20の外周形状に沿う湾曲形状としてもよい。
【0010】
以下、本発明に係る管の端部加工方法を図1〜図3に基づいて詳細に説明する。
管の端部加工に際しては、図1に示すようにスエージ加工機のクランプ32に素管20を支持させる。この時、スエージ加工機に付設した回転機構(図示略)に素管20を支持させ、前記クランプ32による支持に先行して、前記回転機構のサーボモータを制御して、素管20の溶接ビード部21を、押ダイ33による押方向へ正確に指向させる。なお、前記回転機構の制御は、例えば反射型レーザセンサで溶接ビード21の位置を検出し、この検出信号に基づいて一旦荒位置決めした後、さらに画像処理によりパターンマッチングさせて正確に位置決めする方法を採用することができる。
【0011】
上記準備完了後、図1の上半分に示すように、マンドレル23とダイ24とを一体的に前進させる。この時、ダイ24は、その先端のテーパ導入部30に素管20の先端が当接する位置で、一旦その前進を停止させ、一方、マンドレル23は、図1の下半分に示すように、その段差面25に素管20の先端が当接するまで素管20に挿入し、そのまま位置固定する。そして、このマンドレル23の位置固定後、ダイ24をわずか前進させる。すると、素管20の先端部がダイ24のテーパ導入部30に沿って絞られると共に、その先端部の内縁がマンドレル23のテーパ成形部26に押圧され、これにより、素管20の先端部には、前記外筒3のテーパ面3cに相当するテーパ面が成形される(図3参照)。
【0012】
その後、マンドレル23の位置固定を解除して、これにクッションシリンダのクッション圧を負荷した状態とし、図2の上半分に示すようにダイ24を前進させる。このダイ24の前進により、素管20の端部が次第に絞られ、いわゆる平行スエージ加工が進行し、この平行スエージ加工の進行による素管20の伸びに応じてマンドレル23がわずかずつ後退する。この時、前記テーパ面3cに続く素管20の先端側は、マンドレル23の平行成形部27に対してダイ24により押えられ、その内面が該平行成形部27に密着する。これにより素管20の先端部には、前記ロッドガイド5およびオイルシール6が嵌合される外筒3の内面3aとして必要な内径寸法および前記キャップ10が圧入される外筒3の外面3bとして必要な外径寸法が確保されると共に、必要な同心度および真円度が確保される。
【0013】
一方、マンドレル23の、前記平行成形部27より先端側はわずか小径の逃げ部28となっているので、この部分では素管20の内面はマンドレル23に密着せず、ダイ24による絞りだけが進行する。しかして、ダイ24の円筒内面29には凹状逃げ部31が設けられているので、素管20の絞りに関与するダイ24の成形部(ベアリング部)の長さが実質的に短縮され、これにより絞りに要する加工圧は低減し、また、かじり発生も抑制される。本実施の形態においては特に、このダイ24の凹状逃げ部31に、例えば強制的に圧力をかけて給油し、予め潤滑油を溜めておくようにしてもよく、この場合は、前記加工圧はより一層低減し、また、かじり発生は確実に防止される。
【0014】
このようにして平行スエージ加工は完了し、この完了により、図2の下半分に示すように、マンドレル23を素管20内に残したまま、ダイ24のみを後退させる。そして、ダイ24を素管20から引抜くと同時に、図3の上半分に示すように、押ダイ33を素管20に対して半径外方向から接近させる。すると、素管20に存在していた溶接ビード部21が、この押ダイ33によりマンドレル23の平行成形部27に押圧される。これにより、該溶接ビード部21(凸状ビード21a、凹状ビード21b)は押し潰され、図5に示すように、特に素管20の内面は平滑に仕上がる。
その後は、図3の下半分に示すようにマンドレル23を後退させて、素管20から引抜くと共に、押ダイ33を元の待機位置へ後退させ、これにて一連の管の端部加工は終了する。
このようにして前記油圧緩衝器の外筒(図6,7)3が完成するが、この完成した外筒3は、その開口端部が所望の寸法形状に仕上げられ、かつ所望の内面粗度に仕上られているので、該開口端部に対するロッドガイド5およびオイルシール6の嵌合組付けを円滑に行うことができると共に、キャップ10の圧入を円滑に行うことができる。また、その開口端の内縁にはテーパ面3cが形成されているので、オイルシール6の装入組付けを円滑にするための面取り加工も不要になる。
【0015】
なお、本発明は、素管20として、上記電縫管に代えて、TIG溶接管、MIG溶接管、プラズマ溶接管等の他の電気溶接管を用いることができる。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳述したように本発明に係る管の加工方法および加工装置によれば、安価な溶接管を使用しかつ効率的な平行スエージ加工を利用しても、優れた寸法形状精度と面粗度とを確保することができ、コスト低減と生産性の向上とを達成できる。また、機械加工を行う場合のように異物混入の危険もないので、油圧緩衝器、シリンダ装置などの油圧機器の筒体の加工に向けて好適となる。
また、本発明の方法において、素管にマンドレルを挿入した後、ダイにより平行スエージ加工を行うようにする場合は、平行スエージ加工中、素管とマンドレルとが擦り合うことがなくなるので、管の内面に傷がつくことはなく、面粗度がより一層向上する。この場合、素管の先端の内縁に、マンドレルとダイとの協働によりテーパ面を成形する場合は、後の面取り加工を省略できる。
さらに、本発明の方法において、ダイの内周に内径がわずかに拡大する逃げ部を設け、該逃げ部を潤滑油の油溜りとして用いる場合は、成形圧の低減およびカジリ防止に大きく寄与するものとなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る管の加工方法の開始工程を示す断面図である。
【図2】本加工方法の中間工程を示す断面図である。
【図3】本加工方法の最終工程を示す断面図である。
【図4】本発明で用いるマンドレルとダイとの構造を示す断面図である。
【図5】溶接ビード部の加工前後の状態を示す模式図である。
【図6】本発明の加工対象である外筒を装備した油圧緩衝器の全体構造を示す断面図である。
【図7】図6に示した油圧緩衝器の要部構造を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
3 油圧緩衝器の外筒
5 ロッドガイド
6 オイルシール
20 素管
21 溶接ビード部
23 マンドレル
24 ダイ
26 マンドレルのテーパ成形部
27 マンドレルの平行成形部
31 ダイの逃げ部
33 押ダイ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing method for processing a pipe into a predetermined dimensional shape by plastic processing, and a processing apparatus suitable for implementing the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, there is a hydraulic shock absorber using a pipe. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hydraulic shock absorber includes an inner cylinder 2 in which a piston 1 is slidably provided and a bottomed outer cylinder 3. A rod guide 5 and an opening of the outer cylinder 3 which are fitted in the opening ends of the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 3 with the other end of the rod (piston rod) 4 which is housed in the piston 1 and connected at one end to the piston 1. A base valve provided at the inner bottom of the piston valve 7 provided on the piston 1 and the oil cylinder sealed in the inner cylinder 2 through the oil seal 6 fitted to the end and extended to the outside. 8 is a reservoir in which gas and oil liquid are enclosed between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 3 for generating the damping force of the extension stroke and the contraction stroke through circulation of the piston rod 4 There is a structure that compensates in 9. In such a hydraulic shock absorber, the rod guide 5 and the oil seal 6 are press-fitted into the opening end portion of the outer cylinder 3 and fixed at a predetermined position, and the opening end portion of the outer cylinder 3 is curled inward ( The rod guide 5 and the oil seal 6 are prevented from being pulled out. A cap 10 for receiving a bump rubber (not shown) is usually attached to the end of the outer cylinder 3 while being press-fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral side thereof. For example, the cap 10 is positioned by the three projecting portions 10 a (FIG. 7) provided in contact with the opening end of the outer cylinder 3. Reference numeral 11 denotes an eye serving as a mounting portion on the axle side, 12 denotes a mounting member serving as a mounting portion on the vehicle body side, and 13 denotes a spring receiver that receives a coil spring.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the opening end portion of the outer cylinder 3 constituting the hydraulic shock absorber is provided as the fitting portion of the rod guide 5 on the inner diameter side and the press-fitting portion of the cap 10 on the outer diameter side as described above. High precision is required for concentricity, roundness, etc. as well as for the inner and outer diameters. Further, since the inner surface of the opening end portion of the outer cylinder 3 is also used as a fitting portion of the oil seal 6 as described above, the surface roughness is excellent so as not to damage the oil seal 6 when it is inserted. It was necessary to secure the degree. Therefore, conventionally, an electric welded pipe such as an electric welded pipe is used as a raw pipe, and the end portion is machined (turned) to ensure desired dimensional shape accuracy and surface roughness.
However, according to the conventional method in which end machining is performed by machining, since precision machining is required, the machining itself takes a lot of man-hours and time, and an increase in machining cost is inevitable. It was. In addition, chips and burrs generated by machining may adhere to the inner surface, and these may enter the hydraulic shock absorber as foreign matter (contamination).
In addition, it is necessary to use an expensive seamless pipe as a raw pipe, although it is necessary to use an expensive seamless pipe as a raw pipe, although the end of the raw pipe is squeezed by rotary swaging and the machining is omitted. An increase in cost burden is inevitable, and in addition, the tact time is long, so productivity is not so high. Of course, if parallel swaging is performed using an electric welded pipe as a raw pipe, the cost and productivity problems can be solved. In this case, the weld bead (welded part) existing in the electric welded pipe remains as it is. Since it will remain, it will eventually be necessary to finish by turning, and the advantages of parallel swaging will be lost.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the problem is that even if an inexpensive welded pipe is used and efficient parallel swaging is used, excellent dimensional shape accuracy and surface are achieved. To provide a processing method of a pipe that can ensure the roughness and greatly contribute to the reduction of cost and the improvement of productivity, and to provide a processing device suitable for the implementation of this processing method. is there.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the method of the present invention inserts a mandrel into a base pipe made of a welded pipe, performs parallel swaging using a cylindrical die, and closes the base pipe to the mandrel. With the mandrel left in the tube, the pressing die is brought close to the tube from the outside in the radial direction, and the welded portion of the tube is crushed in cooperation with the mandrel. To do.
In the tube processing method performed in this way, excellent dimensional shape accuracy and surface roughness can be ensured by constricting the raw tube by parallel swaging and bringing the inner surface into close contact with the mandrel. Moreover, since the welded portion existing in the welded pipe is finally crushed by the cooperation of the pressing die and the mandrel, troublesome finishing by turning becomes unnecessary.
In the method of the present invention, it is desirable to perform parallel swaging with a die after inserting the mandrel into the blank tube. By previously inserting the mandrel into the blank tube in this way, the blank tube and the mandrel are not rubbed during parallel swaging, and the inner surface of the tube is not damaged. In this case, a tapered surface may be formed on the inner edge of the tip of the raw tube by the cooperation of the mandrel and the die.
Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, a relief portion whose inner diameter is slightly enlarged may be provided on the inner periphery of the die, and the relief portion may be used as a reservoir for lubricating oil.
[0006]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a pipe processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a clamp that supports a raw pipe, a mandrel that can be inserted into the raw pipe supported by the clamp, and a raw pipe that is supported by the clamp. And a swaging machine equipped with a die that moves in parallel with each other, a pressing die that is approached and separated from the base pipe in a radially outward direction and collides with the mandrel to crush the welded portion of the base pipe. Features.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show a pipe end processing method as an embodiment of the present invention step by step. In the present embodiment, the end portion of the outer cylinder 3 of the hydraulic shock absorber shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is to be finished into a predetermined size and shape by plastic working. Use welded pipes. As is well known, an ERW tube is formed by continuously forming a steel strip into a tube shape by a forming roll, and press-contacting the mating portion with resistance heating. As shown in FIG. A weld bead portion 21 is formed. However, since the bead cut is usually performed in the line in the manufacture of the electric resistance welded tube, the weld bead portion 21 is smooth on the outer diameter side of the base tube 20 as shown in FIG. In this case, the weld bead 21 remaining on the inner diameter side of the base pipe 20, material conditions and welding conditions, etc., exist as convex bead 21 a or concave bead 21 b as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, a bulging portion 22 is formed in the middle of the raw tube 20 by prior bulging. The bulging portion 22 is attached with the spring receiver 13 (FIG. 6). It is used as a latching part.
[0008]
The present embodiment is characterized in that a parallel swaging process is applied to the end portion of the raw tube 20. For this reason, a mandrel 23 that can be inserted into the raw tube 20 and a cylindrical die that can be fitted into the mandrel 23. 24 are prepared. As shown well in FIG. 4, the mandrel 23 includes a narrow taper forming part 26 that continues to the main body part 23 a of the mandrel 23 via the step surface 25, a parallel forming part 27 that follows the taper forming part 26, and The parallel molding part 27 is provided with a relief part 28 having a slightly smaller diameter than the parallel molding part 27. The parallel molded portion 27 has a size and shape that matches the end inner surface 3a (FIG. 7) of the outer cylinder 3 into which the rod guide 5 and the oil seal 6 are fitted. It has a size and shape that matches the tapered surface 3c (FIG. 7) required at the inner edge of the open end of the tube 3. On the other hand, the die 24 has a cylindrical inner surface 29 that aligns with the outer surface 3b (FIG. 7) of the outer cylinder 3 into which the cap 10 is press-fitted. Therefore, a gap S is formed between the cylindrical inner surface 29 of the die 24 and the parallel molding portion 27 of the mandrel 23, which is almost equal to the wall thickness of the raw tube 20, and the cylindrical inner surface 29 of the die 24 and the mandrel. A gap S ′ larger than the thickness of the raw tube 20 is formed between the clearance portion 28 and the relief portion 28 (FIG. 4). A taper introducing portion 30 for introducing the raw tube 20 into the die 24 is provided at the opening end portion of the die 24, and a concave relief having a diameter larger than that of the cylindrical inner surface 29 is provided at a portion farther from the opening end of the die 24. A portion 31 is formed.
[0009]
In carrying out the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a cushion cylinder (not shown) in which the raw tube 20 is provided in clamps 32 and 32 of a swage forming machine (parallel swage forming machine) and the mandrel 23 is provided in the swage forming machine. ), The die 24 is supported by movable parts (not shown) of the swage molding machine. The swage molding machine is provided with a push die 33 that can approach and separate from the outer radial direction with respect to the raw tube 20 supported by the clamp 32. The pressing die 33 serves to crush the weld bead portion 21 (FIG. 5) as a welded portion existing in the raw pipe 20 in cooperation with the mandrel 23 after the swaging, and is a cylinder not shown. It is supported. Note that the end face of the pressing die 33 may be a flat shape or a curved shape along the outer peripheral shape of the rough tube 20 after swaging as described later.
[0010]
Hereinafter, a method for processing an end portion of a pipe according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
When the end portion of the pipe is processed, the raw pipe 20 is supported by the clamp 32 of the swage machine as shown in FIG. At this time, the raw tube 20 is supported by a rotating mechanism (not shown) attached to the swage processing machine, and prior to the support by the clamp 32, the servo motor of the rotating mechanism is controlled to weld the bead 20 of the raw tube 20. The part 21 is oriented accurately in the pressing direction by the pressing die 33. The rotation mechanism is controlled by, for example, a method in which the position of the weld bead 21 is detected by, for example, a reflective laser sensor, and after rough positioning based on this detection signal, pattern matching is further performed by image processing to perform accurate positioning. Can be adopted.
[0011]
After completion of the preparation, the mandrel 23 and the die 24 are integrally advanced as shown in the upper half of FIG. At this time, the die 24 temporarily stops its advancement at a position where the tip of the raw tube 20 abuts against the taper introduction portion 30 at the tip, while the mandrel 23 has its tip as shown in the lower half of FIG. The tube is inserted into the tube 20 until the tip of the tube 20 contacts the stepped surface 25, and the position is fixed as it is. Then, after the position of the mandrel 23 is fixed, the die 24 is slightly advanced. Then, the distal end portion of the raw tube 20 is squeezed along the taper introducing portion 30 of the die 24, and the inner edge of the distal end portion is pressed by the taper forming portion 26 of the mandrel 23, whereby the distal end portion of the raw tube 20 is pressed. Is formed with a tapered surface corresponding to the tapered surface 3c of the outer cylinder 3 (see FIG. 3).
[0012]
Thereafter, the position fixing of the mandrel 23 is released, and the cushion pressure of the cushion cylinder is applied thereto, and the die 24 is advanced as shown in the upper half of FIG. As the die 24 advances, the end portion of the raw tube 20 is gradually narrowed, so-called parallel swaging is advanced, and the mandrel 23 is slightly retracted according to the elongation of the raw tube 20 due to the progress of the parallel swaging. At this time, the distal end side of the raw tube 20 following the tapered surface 3 c is pressed against the parallel molding portion 27 of the mandrel 23 by the die 24, and the inner surface thereof is in close contact with the parallel molding portion 27. As a result, the inner diameter dimension required as the inner surface 3a of the outer cylinder 3 to which the rod guide 5 and the oil seal 6 are fitted, and the outer surface 3b of the outer cylinder 3 into which the cap 10 is press-fitted, are arranged at the distal end portion of the raw tube 20. Necessary outer diameter dimensions are secured, and necessary concentricity and roundness are secured.
[0013]
On the other hand, since the mandrel 23 has a slightly smaller diameter relief portion 28 on the tip side than the parallel molding portion 27, the inner surface of the raw tube 20 does not adhere to the mandrel 23 in this portion, and only the drawing by the die 24 proceeds. To do. Accordingly, since the concave relief portion 31 is provided in the cylindrical inner surface 29 of the die 24, the length of the molding portion (bearing portion) of the die 24 involved in the drawing of the raw tube 20 is substantially shortened. As a result, the processing pressure required for drawing is reduced and the occurrence of galling is also suppressed. In the present embodiment, in particular, the concave relief portion 31 of the die 24 may be forcibly supplied with oil, for example, so that lubricating oil may be accumulated in advance. In this case, the processing pressure is Further reduction and galling are reliably prevented.
[0014]
In this way, the parallel swaging process is completed, and as a result, as shown in the lower half of FIG. 2, only the die 24 is retracted while the mandrel 23 remains in the raw tube 20. And simultaneously with drawing | extracting the die | dye 24 from the elementary tube 20, as shown in the upper half of FIG. Then, the weld bead portion 21 existing in the raw tube 20 is pressed against the parallel molding portion 27 of the mandrel 23 by the push die 33. As a result, the weld bead portion 21 (convex bead 21a, concave bead 21b) is crushed, and as shown in FIG.
After that, as shown in the lower half of FIG. 3, the mandrel 23 is retracted and pulled out from the raw tube 20, and the push die 33 is retracted to the original standby position. finish.
In this way, the outer cylinder (FIGS. 6 and 7) 3 of the hydraulic shock absorber is completed. The completed outer cylinder 3 has an opening end portion finished in a desired size and shape and desired inner surface roughness. Thus, the fitting and assembling of the rod guide 5 and the oil seal 6 to the opening end can be performed smoothly, and the cap 10 can be press-fitted smoothly. Moreover, since the taper surface 3c is formed in the inner edge of the opening end, the chamfering process for smooth insertion and assembly of the oil seal 6 becomes unnecessary.
[0015]
In the present invention, as the raw tube 20, another electric welded tube such as a TIG welded tube, a MIG welded tube, or a plasma welded tube can be used in place of the above-mentioned electric resistance welded tube.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the pipe processing method and processing apparatus of the present invention, even if an inexpensive welded pipe is used and efficient parallel swaging is used, excellent dimensional shape accuracy and surface roughness are achieved. The cost can be ensured, and cost reduction and productivity improvement can be achieved. Further, since there is no risk of foreign matter mixing as in the case of machining, it is suitable for machining cylinders of hydraulic equipment such as hydraulic shock absorbers and cylinder devices.
Further, in the method of the present invention, when parallel swaging is performed with a die after inserting the mandrel into the blank tube, the blank tube and the mandrel will not rub against each other during the parallel swaging. The inner surface is not damaged, and the surface roughness is further improved. In this case, when a tapered surface is formed on the inner edge of the tip of the raw tube by the cooperation of the mandrel and the die, the subsequent chamfering process can be omitted.
Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, when a relief portion whose inner diameter is slightly enlarged is provided on the inner periphery of the die, and the relief portion is used as an oil reservoir for lubricating oil, it greatly contributes to reduction of molding pressure and prevention of galling. It becomes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a starting process of a pipe processing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an intermediate step of the present processing method.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the final step of the processing method.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a mandrel and a die used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state before and after processing a weld bead portion.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a hydraulic shock absorber equipped with an outer cylinder to be processed according to the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a main structure of the hydraulic shock absorber shown in FIG. 6;
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Outer cylinder of hydraulic shock absorber 5 Rod guide 6 Oil seal 20 Base pipe 21 Weld bead part 23 Mandrel 24 Die 26 Mandrel taper forming part 27 Mandrel parallel forming part 31 Die relief part 33 Push die

Claims (5)

溶接管からなる素管にマンドレルを挿入すると共に、筒状ダイにより平行スエージ加工を行って素管を前記マンドレルに密着させ、次に、前記ダイを素管から引抜き、前記マンドレルは素管内に残したまま、半径外方向から押ダイを素管に接近させて、該素管の溶接部を前記マンドレルと協働して押し潰すことを特徴とする管の加工方法。  A mandrel is inserted into a base pipe made of a welded pipe, and a parallel swaging process is performed with a cylindrical die to bring the base pipe into close contact with the mandrel, and then the die is pulled out of the base pipe and the mandrel is left in the base pipe A processing method for a pipe, characterized in that a pressing die is brought close to the base pipe from the outside in the radial direction, and a welded portion of the base pipe is crushed in cooperation with the mandrel. 素管にマンドレルを挿入した後、ダイにより平行スエージ加工を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の管の加工方法。  2. The tube processing method according to claim 1, wherein after the mandrel is inserted into the base tube, parallel swaging is performed with a die. 素管の先端の内縁に、マンドレルとダイとの協働によりテーパ面を成形することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の管の加工方法。  The method of processing a pipe according to claim 2, wherein a tapered surface is formed on the inner edge of the tip of the raw pipe by the cooperation of a mandrel and a die. ダイの内周に内径がわずかに拡大する逃げ部を設け、該逃げ部を潤滑油の油溜りとして用いることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の管の加工方法。  4. The method of processing a pipe according to claim 1, wherein a relief portion having an inner diameter slightly enlarged is provided on an inner periphery of the die, and the relief portion is used as an oil reservoir for lubricating oil. 素管を支持するクランプと、該クランプに支持された素管に挿入可能なマンドレルと、該クランプに支持された素管に沿って平行移動するダイとを備えた平行スエージ加工機に、前記素管に対して半径外方向から接近離間し、前記マンドレルと協働して素管の溶接部を押し潰す押ダイを付設したことを特徴とする管の加工装置。A parallel swaging machine comprising: a clamp that supports a blank tube; a mandrel that can be inserted into the blank tube supported by the clamp; and a die that translates along the blank tube supported by the clamp. An apparatus for processing a pipe, which is provided with a pressing die that is close to and away from the outer side of the pipe in a radial direction and crushes a welded portion of the raw pipe in cooperation with the mandrel .
JP2002024490A 2002-01-31 2002-01-31 Pipe processing method and processing apparatus Expired - Lifetime JP3991331B2 (en)

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JP4573090B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2010-11-04 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Pipe processing method and parallel swage processing apparatus
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