JP3988484B2

JP3988484B2 - Ventilation equipment

Info

Publication number: JP3988484B2
Application number: JP2002047053A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 賢治福入; 建一入内島; 孝一郎本田
Original assignee: Oiles Eco Corp
Current assignee: Oiles Eco Corp
Priority date: 2002-02-22
Filing date: 2002-02-22
Publication date: 2007-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2022-02-22
Also published as: JP2003247737A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ビル等の建物において窓枠等に形成される開口部に取付けられる換気装置に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この種の換気装置としては、実開昭６３−１７３４８８号公報等に記載されたものが知られているが、いずれもヒンジ機構を介して窓枠等に回動自在に閉塞板を取付け、換気の際には、閉塞板のヒンジ機構を介する回動により開口部を開放するようにしている。
【０００３】
ところで、上記のような公報記載の換気装置では、開口部の開放の際に、閉塞板が建物の内部側、すなわち室内側に回動されて内部側に大きく張り出し、結果として、閉塞板の張り出し用のスペースを多く必要とし、加えて、閉塞板がその一縁側でのみヒンジ機構に支えられた、いわゆる片持ち支持であるため、強風時等において、外気側の閉塞板の面に強力な風圧（正又は負圧）が加わると、閉塞板がその自由端側でばたついて、不快なばたつき音等が発生したり、ここから強風が内部に導入される虞を有する上に、外部が負圧時において換気のために閉塞板を回動する場合、その回動抵抗が極めて大きく、初期回動が容易に行い得ない場合がある。
【０００４】
そこで、通路を横断した羽根部材を両端で回転自在に支持して、この羽根部材の回転軸心と同軸に配された出力回転軸を具備した電動モータでもって回転させるようにした換気装置が提案されているが、斯かる換気装置では、上記の問題を好ましく解決し得るが、通路を開放している場合に建物外で強風が生じると、この強風が通路を介して建物内に吹き出す虞がある。斯かる強風に基づく吹き出しは、建物内の作業者又は居住者に不快感を与えると共に埃及び場合により吹き出しに伴った砂塵等を建物内に舞い上げる一方、強風による上記のような吹き出しの阻止は、電動モータの作動による羽根部材の回転に基づく通路の閉塞では間に合わない場合があり、しかも、強風は突発的に生じるのでその予測が困難であって、予め電動モータを作動させることも行い難い。
【０００５】
本発明は、前記諸点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、建物外で強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路の閉塞を直ちに行い得、建物内の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る換気装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第一の態様の換気装置は、一対の側壁部及び一対の対向壁部を有すると共にこの側壁部及び対向壁部により建物内外を連通する通路を画成する枠手段と、一方の側壁部から他方の側壁部まで伸びて通路に回転自在に配された羽根部材を有する羽根手段とを具備しており、ここで、羽根部材は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で、通路の閉塞方向に自由回転可能になっていると共に通路の空気流によって通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、通路の一方の開口部側でその一方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離がその一方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短く、通路の他方の開口部側でその他方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離がその他方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短くなるように、通路に配されている。
【０００７】
第一の態様の換気装置では、羽根部材による通路の全開状態で、通路の一方の開口部側で羽根部材の一方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離が羽根部材の一方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短く、通路の他方の開口部側で羽根部材の他方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離が羽根部材の他方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短くなるように羽根部材が通路に配されて、当該羽根部材は、通路の全開状態で各間での空気流の流速差によって通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるようになっているために、例えば、建物外で突発的に強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路の閉塞を直ちに行い得て、この突発的な強風による空気流の建物内への流入を阻止でき、而して、建物内の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る。
【０００８】
本発明では好ましくはその第二の態様の換気装置のように、羽根手段は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で通路の空気流によって通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、滑らかな面とこの滑らかな面の各裏側に配された凹凸な面とを有している。
【０００９】
第二の態様の換気装置のように、羽根部材が滑らかな面とこの滑らかな面の各裏側に配された凹凸な面とを有していると、羽根部材は、滑らかな面側を流れる空気の圧力と凹凸な面側を流れる空気の圧力との間に差異を生じさせることができる結果、通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントをより大きくでき、突発的な強風による空気流の建物内への流入をより確実に迅速に阻止できる。
【００１０】
第二の態様の換気装置において、好ましくは本発明の第三の態様の換気装置のように、羽根部材は、滑らかな面及び凹凸な面の夫々を一対有しており、一対の滑らかな面の一方は、羽根部材の一方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の一方は、一対の滑らかな面の一方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の他方の自由端まで伸びており、一対の滑らかな面の他方は、羽根部材の他方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の他方は、一対の滑らかな面の他方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の一方の自由端まで伸びており、ここで、好ましくは本発明の第四の態様の換気装置のように、羽根部材による通路の全開状態で、一対の滑らかな面及び一対の凹凸な面の夫々の一方は、一方の対向壁部に対面しており、一対の滑らかな面及び一対の凹凸な面の夫々の他方は、他方の対向壁部に対面している。
【００１１】
本発明の第五の態様の換気装置は、一対の側壁部及び一対の対向壁部を有すると共にこの側壁部及び対向壁部により建物内外を連通する通路を画成する枠手段と、一方の側壁部から他方の側壁部まで伸びて通路に回転自在に配された羽根部材を有する羽根手段とを具備しており、羽根部材は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で通路の閉塞方向に自由回転可能になっていると共に通路の空気流によって羽根部材に通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、滑らかな面とこの滑らかな面の裏側に凹凸面とを有している。
【００１２】
第四の態様の換気装置によれば、羽根部材が滑らかな面とこの滑らかな面の各裏側に配された凹凸な面とを有しているために、羽根部材は、滑らかな面側を流れる空気の圧力と凹凸な面側を流れる空気の圧力との間に差異を生じさせることができる結果、通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを通路の空気流によって自身に生じ、例えば、建物外で突発的に強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路の閉塞を直ちに行い得て、この突発的な強風による空気流の建物内への流入をより確実に迅速に阻止でき、而して、建物内の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る。
【００１３】
第五の態様の換気装置でも、本発明の第六の態様の換気装置のように、羽根部材は、滑らかな面及び凹凸な面の夫々を一対有しており、一対の滑らかな面の一方は、羽根部材の一方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の一方は、一対の滑らかな面の一方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の他方の自由端まで伸びており、一対の滑らかな面の他方は、羽根部材の他方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の他方は、一対の滑らかな面の他方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の一方の自由端まで伸びているとよい。
【００１４】
本発明の第七の態様の換気装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の換気装置において、羽根手段は、通路を全開する方向に羽根部材に回転モーメントを生じるように、その回転軸心に対して偏心した位置に重心を有しており、ここで、好ましくは本発明の第八の態様の換気装置のように、羽根手段は、羽根部材の重心の位置をその回転軸心に対して偏心させる重錘を有しているとよい。
【００１５】
本発明の第九の態様の換気装置は、上記のいずれかの態様の換気装置において、羽根手段を回転させて当該羽根手段により通路の開閉を行わせる回転力を発生する回転力発生手段と、この回転力発生手段で発生された回転力を羽根手段に伝達する伝達手段とを更に具備しており、ここで、羽根手段は、羽根部材に固着されていると共に側壁部に回転自在に支持されて一方の側壁部を貫通して当該一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸を具備しており、伝達手段は、一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸に連結されていると共に羽根手段の自由回動を許容する間欠ギヤ手段を有している。
【００１６】
第九の態様の換気装置において、間欠ギヤ手段で規定される羽根手段の自由回動範囲は、好ましくは本発明の第十の態様の換気装置のように、通路の全開から全閉までに亘っている。
【００１７】
本発明においては、回転力発生手段は、好ましい例では少なくとも電動モータを具備しており、特に、本発明の第十一の態様の換気装置のように、回転力発生手段がチューブラモータを具備していると、一方の側壁部と他方の側壁部との間に斯かるチューブラモータをコンパクトに配することができる。
【００１８】
本発明の換気装置は、建物内外を連通する通路を介して換気するものに適用されるのであるが、斯かる通路は、好ましくは、本発明の第十二の態様の換気装置のように、建物外壁に設けられた窓枠に形成された開口部に連通するようになっている。
【００１９】
更に本発明の換気装置における回転力発生手段は、電動モータ、特にチューブラモータに加えて、又はこれに代えて、手動で回転し得るレバー等を有していてもよく、また、チューブラモータを含む回転力発生手段の電動モータを商用電源からの電力で駆動してもよいが、これに代えて又はこれと共に太陽電池、蓄電池等からの電力で駆動してもよい。
【００２０】
次に本発明及びその実施の形態を、図に示す好ましい例に基づいて更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれら例に何等限定されないのである。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１から図３において、本例の換気装置１は、一対の左右の側壁部２及び３並びに一対の対向壁部としての中空の横長の上壁部１１及び下壁部１２を有すると共に側壁部２及び３並びに上壁部１１及び下壁部１２により建物内外４及び５を連通する通路６を画成する枠手段７と、側壁部２から側壁部３まで長く伸びて通路６に回転自在に配された羽根部材２７を有する羽根手段８と、羽根手段８をＡ及びＢ方向に回転させて当該羽根手段８により通路６の開閉を行わせる回転力を発生する回転力発生手段９と、回転力発生手段９で発生された回転力を羽根手段８に伝達する伝達手段１０とを具備している。
【００２２】
通路６は、建物外壁に設けられた窓枠（図示せず）に形成された開口部に連通するようになっている。
【００２３】
枠手段７の上壁部１１及び下壁部１２の夫々には、ゴム等の弾性材からなると共に側壁部２から側壁部３まで伸びたシール部材１３及び１４が嵌着されている。
【００２４】
羽根手段８は、羽根部材２７に加えて、両端部２１及び２２で一対の側壁部２及び３の夫々に転がり軸受２３及び２４を介して回転軸心Ｏ１を中心としてＡ及びＢ方向に回転自在に支持されていると共に一方の側壁部３を貫通して当該一方の側壁部３の外壁面２５から外部に突出する一端部２２を有した軸２６を具備している。
【００２５】
羽根部材２７は、中央部の軸部６３と、軸部６３に一体であって軸部６３から放射方向に伸びた羽根部６１及び６２とを具備しており、軸部６３において軸２６に固着されていると共に側壁部２から側壁部３まで伸びて通路６を横断するように横長に形成されていると共に、通路６を全開するＢ方向の回転モーメントをその自重により常に生じるべく、その回転軸心Ｏ１に対して偏心した位置に重心Ｇを有するように本例では羽根部６１に対して羽根部６２の長さが短くなって形成されている。また、羽根部材２７は、当該羽根部材２７による通路６の全開状態、即ち、図１に示す状態で、通路６の空気流によって通路６を閉塞するＡ方向の回転モーメントを生じるべく、通路６の開口部５２側で一方の自由端である羽根部６１の端部４５と上壁部１１との間の距離Ｌ１が端部４５と下壁部１２との間の距離Ｌ２よりも短く、通路６の開口部５１側で他方の自由端である羽根部６２の端部４６と下壁部１２との間の距離Ｌ３が端部４６と上壁部１１との間の距離Ｌ４よりも短くなるように、通路６に配されている。
【００２６】
また本例の羽根部材２７は、当該羽根部材２７による通路６の全開状態で通路６の空気流によって通路６を閉塞するＡ方向の回転モーメントを生じるべく、一対の滑らかな面３７及び３８と、滑らかな面３７及び３８の各裏側に配された一対の凹凸な面３９及び４０とを有している。滑らかな面３７は、羽根部材２７の羽根部６１の端部４５から羽根部材２７の中央部である軸部６３まで伸びており、凹凸な面４０は、滑らかな面３７と連続して軸部６３から羽根部材２７の羽根部６２の端部４６まで伸びており、滑らかな面３８は、端部４６から軸部６３まで伸びており、凹凸な面３９は、滑らかな面３８と連続して軸部６３から端部４５まで伸びており、羽根部材２７による通路６の全開状態で、滑らかな面３７及び凹凸な面４０は上壁部１１に対面しており、滑らかな面３８及び凹凸な面３９は下壁部１２に対面している。
【００２７】
回転力発生手段９は、側壁部３を貫通する出力回転軸３１と、出力回転軸３１を回転させると共に側壁部２と側壁部３との間において下壁部１２内に配されている筒型の駆動本体３２とを有した電動モータとしてのチューブラモータ３３を具備しており、出力回転軸３１は、転がり軸受３４を介して側壁部３に回転軸心Ｏ１に対して偏心した回転軸心Ｏ２を有して回転自在に支持されており、駆動本体３２は、下壁部１２に固定、支持されている。
【００２８】
伝達手段１０は、側壁部３の外壁面２５から突出する軸２６に連結されていると共に羽根手段８のＡ及びＢ方向の一定範囲の自由回動を許容する間欠ギヤ手段６５を有しており、間欠ギヤ手段６５は、出力回転軸３１に固着された平歯車４２と、軸２６の一端部２２に転がり軸受６６を介して回転自在に支持された歯車６７と、軸２６の一端部２２に固着された係合体６８とを具備しており、歯車６７は、平歯車４２に噛合う平歯車部４１と、平歯車部４１に一体形成されていると共に内周面に一定角度範囲の円弧状の切欠き７０を有した筒部７１とを具備しており、係合体６８は、軸２６の一端部２２に固着された円筒部７２と、円筒部７２に一体的に形成されていると共に切欠き７０に配された突起部７３とを具備している。
【００２９】
伝達手段１０は、出力回転軸３１の回転を平歯車４２から平歯車部４１に減速して伝達し、平歯車部４１の回転を筒部７１の突起部７３への当接を介して軸２６に伝達し、而して、出力回転軸３１の回転を羽根手段８に伝達するようになっている。
【００３０】
以上の換気装置１では、図１に示す通路６の開放状態又は通路６の途中開放状態でチューブラモータ３３が作動されない場合には、建物内外４及び５の気圧差に基づいて建物内外４及び５に対して通路６を介して給排気が行われて、新鮮な建物外５の空気が建物内４に供給され、汚染された建物内４の空気が建物外５に排出されて、而して建物内４は自然換気される。
【００３１】
そして、図１に示す通路６の開放状態では、切欠き７０に配された突起部７３が切欠き７０を規定する筒部７１の一方の側面７５に当接又は近接する一方、切欠き７０を規定する筒部７１の他方の側面７６から十分に離れて、係合体６８が切欠き７０の範囲内においてＡ方向に自由回動自在になっている結果、羽根部材２７は、当該羽根部材２７による通路６の全開状態で通路６の閉塞方向に自由回転可能になっているために、斯かる通路６の開放状態で建物外５で突発的な強風が吹いて通路６を介して建物内４に強風が吹き込もうとすると、通路６を通る高速空気流に基づく羽根部材２７に生じる揚力により当該羽根部材２７がＡ方向に回転され図４に示す回転状態にされて、通路６は羽根部材２７により閉塞されるようになる。突発的な強風が止むと、通路６を通る高速空気流に基づく羽根部材２７に生じる揚力が弱まり、羽根部６１と羽根部６２との重量差に基づく重心Ｇの回転軸心Ｏ１に対する偏心により羽根部材２７がＢ方向に回転され図１に示す回転状態にされて、通路６は開放されるようになる。
【００３２】
開口部５１から開口部５２に向かう通路６の空気流がそれ程高速でない場合も、その空気流速に対応して羽根部材２７に生じる揚力により当該羽根部材２７が通路６を閉塞しない程度にＡ方向に回転される結果、通路６は、開口部５１から開口部５２に向かう通路６の空気流速に応じてその開度を調節されるようになっている。間欠ギヤ手段６５の切欠き７０で規定される羽根手段８の自由回動範囲は、上記のように通路６の全開から全閉までに亘っていてもよいが、通路６の全開から途中開放（途中閉塞）まででもよい。
【００３３】
換気を希望しない場合又は建物外５で強風が継続する場合等において、人手によるスイッチの作動又は強風を検出する検出器の検出結果により、チューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２が作動されてその出力回転軸３１及び平歯車４２を介して平歯車部４１がＡ方向に回転されると、筒部７１の側面７５が突起部７３に当接して、平歯車部４１の回転と共に円筒部７２が回転されて、これにより羽根部材２７がＡ方向に回転されると、通路６は徐々に閉塞され始め、図４に示すように羽根部材２７の端部４５がシール部材１３に、羽根部材２７の端部４６がシール部材１４に夫々当接すると、通路６が閉塞状態となって建物内外４及び５に対する通路６を介する給排気が行われなくなり、強風が建物内４に吹き込むことが防止される。羽根部材２７が図４に示す通路６を閉塞した状態になると、これを検出する検出器（図示せず）からの検出結果によりチューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２の作動が停止される。
【００３４】
換気を希望する場合又は強風が止んだ後に、人手によるスイッチの作動又は強風を検出する検出器の検出結果により、チューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２が作動されてその出力回転軸３１及び平歯車４２を介して平歯車部４１がＢ方向に回転されると、筒部７１もＢ方向に回転されて係合体６８もＢ方向に回転可能となる結果、羽根部材２７は、重心Ｇの回転軸心Ｏ１に対する偏心により平歯車部４１のＢ方向の回転につれて同じくＢ方向に回転されて、最後に図１に示す回転状態にされて、通路６は開放されるようになる。羽根部材２７が図１に示す通路６を開放した状態になると、これを検出する検出器（図示せず）からの検出結果によりチューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２の作動が停止される。
【００３５】
換気装置１では、距離Ｌ１が距離Ｌ２よりも短く、距離Ｌ３が距離Ｌ４よりも短くなるように羽根部材２７が通路６に配されて、端部４５と上壁部１１との間の通路幅を端部４５と下壁部１２との間の通路幅よりも狭くすると共に、端部４６と下壁部１２との間の通路幅を端部４６と上壁部１１との間の通路幅よりも狭くし、これにより、端部４５と上壁部１１との間の通路６を流れる空気の流速を端部４５と下壁部１２との間の通路６を流れる空気の流速よりも早くすると共に、端部４６と下壁部１２との間の通路６を流れる空気の流速を端部４６と上壁部１１との間の通路を流れる空気の流速よりも早くして、通路６の全開状態での各間での通路６の空気流速の差によって羽根部材２７に通路６を閉塞するＡ方向の回転モーメントを生じさせるようになっているために、例えば、建物外５で突発的に強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路６の閉塞を直ちに行い得て、この突発的な強風による空気流の建物内４への流入を阻止でき、而して、建物内４の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る。
【００３６】
また換気装置１のように、羽根部材２７が滑らかな面３８及び３７と滑らかな面３８及び３７の各裏側に配された凹凸な面３９及び４０とを有しているために、滑らかな面３８及び３７側を流れる空気の圧力と凹凸な面３９及び４０側を流れる空気の圧力との間に差異を生じさせることができる結果、羽根部材２７に通路６を閉塞するＡ方向の回転モーメントをより大きく生じさせることができ、突発的な強風による空気流の建物内４への流入をより確実に迅速に阻止できる。
【００３７】
更に換気装置１によれば、回転力発生手段９がチューブラモータ３３を具備して、チューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２が羽根手段８と平行となるように側壁部２と側壁部３との間に配されているために、羽根手段８の回転軸心Ｏ１とチューブラモータ３３の出力回転軸３１の回転軸心Ｏ２との直線状の配置を回避できて、空間の有効な利用を図り得、占有スペースを小さくすることができ、しかも、伝達手段１０における加速、減速を容易に行うことができ、特に、本例のように減速を行うように伝達手段１０が構成されていると、端部４５及び４６のシール部材１３及び１４への夫々の当接を大きな力で行うことができて、通路６を水密、気密性をもって確実にしっかりと閉塞することができる上に、出力トルク及びサイズの小さいチューブラモータ３３を用いることができ、斯かる観点からも占有スペースを小さくすることができる。
【００３８】
以上の換気装置１では、前後の開口部５１及び５２を有して前後方向（水平方向）において開口する通路６を画成する枠手段７を用いたが、これに代えて、図５に示すように、上下の開口部５３及び５４を有して上下方向（垂直方向）において開口する通路６を画成する枠本体５５を具備した枠手段７を用いてもよく、図５に示す枠本体５５は、側壁部２及び３を具備すると共に上壁部１１及び下壁部１２に代えて一対の対向壁部として中空の前後壁部５６及び５７を具備しており、前後壁部５６及び５７の夫々にシール部材１３及び１４が嵌着されており、チューブラモータ３３の駆動本体３２は、側壁部２と側壁部３との間において後壁部５７内に配されて、当該後壁部５７に固定、支持されている。
【００３９】
図５に示す枠手段７は、枠本体５５に加えて、枠本体５５の下面に固着された案内枠５８を具備しており、案内枠５８は、上の開口部５３で建物内４に開口する通路６の下の開口部５４に連通すると共に前方において建物外５に開口した案内通路５９を画成している。案内枠５８において通路６の開口部５４に連通する部位には防塵網６０が装着されており、斯かる防塵網６０と同等の防塵網を防鳥網を兼ねて建物外５に開口する前開口部７４に装着してもよい。
【００４０】
また図１に示す換気装置１では、断面においてほぼ真直ぐに伸びた形状を有した羽根部材２７を用いたが、これに代えて、図５に示すように、回転軸心Ｏ１を中心としてほぼ点対称に形成されていると共に通路６の開口部５４から開口部５３に向かう通路６の空気流によって揚力が生じて通路６を閉塞するＡ方向の回転力が生じるように夫々湾曲された中空の羽根部６１及び６２と、羽根部６１及び６２が一体的に形成されていると共に軸２６が挿着、固定された軸部６３とを具備した羽根部材６４を用い、更に、羽根部材６４による通路６の全開状態、即ち、図５に示す状態で、通路６の空気流によって羽根部材６４に通路６を閉塞する方向、即ちＡ方向の回転モーメントを生じさせるように、通路６の開口部５３側で羽根部材６４の自由端である羽根部６２の端部７８と後壁部５７との間の距離Ｌ１が端部７８と前壁部５６との間の距離Ｌ２よりも短く、通路６の開口部５４側で羽根部材６４の自由端である羽根部６１の端部７７と前壁部５６との間の距離Ｌ３が端部７７と後壁部５７との間Ｌ４の距離よりも短くなるように、通路６に羽根部材６４が配されていてもよく、この場合、羽根部６２に対して羽根部６１を長く形成して、羽根手段８がその回転軸心Ｏ１に対して偏心した位置に重心Ｇを有するようにし、これにより、羽根手段８にはＡ方向の回転と逆のＢ方向の回転がその自重により常に生じるようにすると共に図６及び図７に示すように、羽根手段８のＡ及びＢ方向の一定範囲の自由回動を許容する間欠ギヤ手段６５を有して伝達手段１０を構成してもよい。
【００４１】
図５から図７に示す換気装置１によっても、建物外５で強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路６の閉塞を直ちに行い得、建物内４の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内４での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る。
【００４２】
また、図５から図７に示す換気装置１においても、羽根部材６４の回転軸心Ｏ１と出力回転軸３１の回転軸心Ｏ２との直線状の配置を回避できて、チューブラモータ３３の設置位置の自由度を増大できて、空間の有効利用を図ることができ、しかも、本例のように減速を行うように伝達手段１０が構成されていると、羽根部６１及び６２の夫々の端部７７及び７８のシール部材１３及び１４への夫々の当接を大きな力で行うことができて、通路６を水密、気密性をもって確実にしっかりと閉塞することができる上に、出力トルク及びサイズの小さいチューブラモータ３３を用いることができ、斯かる観点からも占有スペースを小さくすることができる。
【００４３】
また、回転軸心Ｏ１に対して偏心した位置に重心Ｇを有するように羽根手段８を構成する場合に、羽根部６２に対して羽根部６１を長く形成する代わりに、図９に示すように、羽根部６１及び羽根部６２に複数の円柱状の空所９１を形成し、羽根部６１の必要個数の空所９１に重錘として棒状芯線部材９２を嵌入、嵌合して、これにより、羽根手段８にはＡ方向の回転と逆のＢ方向の回転が常に生じるように、羽根部材６１の重心Ｇの位置をその回転軸心Ｏ１に対して偏心した位置にしてもよい。図９に示すように羽根手段８を構成すると、棒状芯線部材９２が嵌入、嵌合された空所９１を増減することにより羽根手段８の重心Ｇの位置を調節できて、而して、最適な位置に重心Ｇを容易に設定できる。
【００４４】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、建物外で強風が生じた場合にもこの強風に基づいて通路の閉塞を直ちに行い得、建物内の作業者又は居住者の不快感を可能な限り少なくできると共に強風に基づく埃及び砂塵等の建物内での舞い上がりを最小限にし得る換気装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の好ましい一例であって、図２に示すＩ−Ｉ線矢視断面図である。
【図２】図１に示す例のＩＩ−ＩＩ線矢視断面図である。
【図３】図２に示すＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線矢視図である。
【図４】図１に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図５】本発明の実施の形態の好ましい他の例の断面説明図である。
【図６】図５に示す例の一部説明図である。
【図７】図６に示すＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線矢視図である。
【図８】図５に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図９】本発明の実施の形態の好ましい更に他の例の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１換気装置
２、３側壁部
４建物内
５建物外
６通路
７枠手段
８羽根手段
９回転力発生手段
１０伝達手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation device attached to an opening formed in a window frame or the like in a building such as a building.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As this type of ventilator, those described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-173488 are known, but in any case, a closing plate is rotatably attached to a window frame or the like via a hinge mechanism, and ventilation is performed. In this case, the opening is opened by rotation through the hinge mechanism of the closing plate.
[0003]
By the way, in the ventilating apparatus described in the above publication, when the opening is opened, the closing plate is rotated to the inside of the building, that is, the indoor side and greatly protrudes to the inside, and as a result, the closing plate extends. In addition, the obstruction plate is a so-called cantilever support that is supported by the hinge mechanism only on one edge side of the obstruction plate. When (positive or negative pressure) is applied, the blocking plate will flutter on its free end side, causing unpleasant flapping noises, etc. When the closing plate is rotated for ventilation during pressure, the rotation resistance is extremely large, and the initial rotation may not be easily performed.
[0004]
Therefore, a ventilation device is proposed in which a blade member crossing the passage is rotatably supported at both ends and is rotated by an electric motor having an output rotation shaft arranged coaxially with the rotation axis of the blade member. However, with such a ventilator, the above problem can be preferably solved. However, when a strong wind is generated outside the building when the passage is open, there is a risk that the strong wind blows into the building through the passage. is there. Such a strong wind blows off a worker or occupant in the building and disperses dust and, in some cases, sand dust accompanying the blow, into the building. In some cases, the passage is not closed due to the rotation of the blade member due to the operation of the electric motor, and the strong wind is suddenly generated, so that it is difficult to predict and it is difficult to operate the electric motor in advance.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the purpose of the present invention is to immediately close the passage based on the strong wind even when a strong wind is generated outside the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilator capable of minimizing the discomfort of a person or a occupant as much as possible and minimizing the rising of dust and sand caused by strong winds in a building.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The ventilator according to the first aspect of the present invention has a pair of side walls and a pair of opposing walls, and frame means for defining a passage communicating with the inside and outside of the building by the side walls and the opposing walls, and one side wall And a vane means having a vane member extending from the first side wall to the other side wall and rotatably disposed in the passage, wherein the vane member is in a fully opened state of the passage by the vane member, and the passage is closed. Between one free end and one opposing wall on one opening side of the passage so that a rotational moment is generated in a direction that allows free rotation in the direction and closes the passage by the airflow of the passage. Is shorter than the distance between the one free end and the other opposing wall, and the distance between the other free end and the other opposing wall on the other opening side of the passage is the other. Shorter than the distance between the free end of the wall and one opposing wall So that it is disposed in the passage.
[0007]
In the ventilation device according to the first aspect, in the fully opened state of the passage by the blade member, the distance between the one free end of the blade member and the one opposing wall portion on one opening side of the passage is one of the blade members. The distance between the free end and the other opposing wall is shorter than the distance between the free end and the other opposing wall, and the distance between the other free end of the blade member and the other opposing wall on the other opening side of the passage is The vane member is arranged in the passage so as to be shorter than the distance between the end and one of the opposing wall portions, and the vane member closes the passage due to the difference in the flow velocity of the air flow between the respective members when the passage is fully opened. For example, even if a strong wind suddenly occurs outside the building, the passage can be closed immediately based on this strong wind. Airflow can be prevented from entering the building, thus preventing workers or residences in the building. It may minimize the soar in the person of the building of dust and dust or the like based on strong winds together with can be reduced as much as possible the discomfort.
[0008]
In the present invention, preferably, like the ventilation device of the second aspect, the blade means is smooth so as to generate a rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage by the air flow of the passage in the fully opened state of the passage by the blade member. And an uneven surface disposed on each back side of the smooth surface.
[0009]
Like the ventilation device of the second aspect, when the blade member has a smooth surface and an uneven surface disposed on each back side of the smooth surface, the blade member flows on the smooth surface side. As a result of the difference between the air pressure and the pressure of the air flowing on the uneven surface, the rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage can be increased, and the air flow caused by sudden strong winds into the building Can be prevented more reliably and quickly.
[0010]
In the ventilator of the second aspect, preferably, like the ventilator of the third aspect of the present invention, the blade member has a pair of smooth surfaces and uneven surfaces, and a pair of smooth surfaces. One of the blade members extends from one free end of the blade member to the central portion of the blade member, and one of the pair of uneven surfaces is continuous with one of the pair of smooth surfaces from the central portion of the blade member to the blade member. The other of the pair of smooth surfaces extends from the other free end of the blade member to the center of the blade member, and the other of the pair of uneven surfaces is a pair of smooth surfaces. Extending from the center of the blade member to the free end of one of the blade members continuously with the other of the surfaces, and here, preferably the full opening of the passage by the blade member, as in the ventilator of the fourth aspect of the present invention. One of a pair of smooth surfaces and a pair of uneven surfaces in a state Has to face the one of the opposing walls, the other of each of a pair of smooth surfaces and a pair of uneven surfaces is opposed to the other opposed wall portion.
[0011]
A ventilator according to a fifth aspect of the present invention has a pair of side walls and a pair of opposing walls, and frame means for defining a passage communicating between the inside and outside of the building by the side walls and the opposing walls, and one side wall And a vane means having a vane member extending from the first side wall to the other side wall and rotatably arranged in the passage. The vane member is freely rotated in the closing direction of the passage when the passage is fully opened by the blade member. A smooth surface and an uneven surface on the back side of the smooth surface are provided so that a rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage is generated in the blade member by the air flow of the passage.
[0012]
According to the ventilator of the fourth aspect, since the blade member has a smooth surface and an uneven surface disposed on each back side of the smooth surface, the blade member has a smooth surface side. As a result of the difference between the pressure of the flowing air and the pressure of the air flowing on the uneven surface side, a rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage is caused by the air flow in the passage, for example, outside the building. Even if a sudden strong wind occurs, the passage can be immediately closed based on this strong wind, and the flow of air flow into the building due to this sudden strong wind can be prevented more reliably and quickly. In addition, it is possible to reduce the discomfort of workers or residents in the building as much as possible, and to minimize the rising in the building such as dust and sand caused by strong winds.
[0013]
Also in the ventilator of the fifth aspect, like the ventilator of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the blade member has a pair of smooth surfaces and uneven surfaces, and one of the pair of smooth surfaces. Is extended from one free end of the blade member to the center of the blade member, and one of the pair of uneven surfaces is continuous with one of the pair of smooth surfaces from the center of the blade member to the other of the blade member. The other of the pair of smooth surfaces extends from the other free end of the blade member to the center of the blade member, and the other of the pair of uneven surfaces is a pair of smooth surfaces. It is good to extend from the center part of a blade member to one free end of a blade member continuously with the other.
[0014]
In the ventilator according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the ventilator according to any one of the aspects described above, the blade means has a rotational moment with respect to its rotational axis so as to generate a rotational moment in the blade member in a direction to fully open the passage. It has a center of gravity at an eccentric position, wherein the blade means preferably decenters the position of the center of gravity of the blade member relative to its rotational axis, as in the ventilator of the eighth aspect of the present invention. It is good to have a weight.
[0015]
The ventilator according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is the ventilator according to any one of the aspects described above, the rotational force generating means for generating rotational force for rotating the blade means and opening and closing the passage by the blade means; And a transmission means for transmitting the rotational force generated by the rotational force generation means to the blade means. Here, the blade means is fixed to the blade member and is rotatably supported on the side wall portion. And the transmission means is connected to the shaft protruding from the outer wall surface of the one side wall portion and is connected to the shaft protruding from the outer wall surface of the one side wall portion and the blade means. Intermittent gear means for allowing free rotation of the motor.
[0016]
In the ventilator of the ninth aspect, the free rotation range of the blade means defined by the intermittent gear means preferably extends from the fully open to the fully closed passage as in the tenth aspect of the present invention. ing.
[0017]
In the present invention, the rotational force generating means includes at least an electric motor in a preferred example. In particular, as in the ventilation device of the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the rotational force generating means includes a tubular motor. In this case, such a tubular motor can be compactly arranged between one side wall and the other side wall.
[0018]
The ventilator of the present invention is applied to an object that ventilates through a passage communicating inside and outside a building. Such a passage is preferably like the ventilator of the twelfth aspect of the present invention. It communicates with an opening formed in a window frame provided on the outer wall of the building.
[0019]
Furthermore, the rotational force generating means in the ventilation device of the present invention may have a lever or the like that can be manually rotated in addition to or instead of the electric motor, particularly the tubular motor, and includes the tubular motor. The electric motor of the rotational force generating means may be driven by electric power from a commercial power supply, but may be driven by electric power from a solar cell, a storage battery, or the like instead of or together with this.
[0020]
Next, the present invention and its embodiments will be described in more detail based on preferred examples shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 3, the ventilator 1 of the present example includes a pair of left and right side wall portions 2 and 3 and a pair of opposed side wall portions that are hollow horizontally long upper wall portions 11 and lower wall portions 12 and side wall portions. Frame means 7 defining a passage 6 that communicates the inside and outside of the building 4 and 5 with 2 and 3 and the upper wall portion 11 and the lower wall portion 12; A vane means 8 having a vane member 27 arranged, a rotational force generating means 9 for generating a rotational force for rotating the vane means 8 in the A and B directions to open and close the passage 6 by the vane means 8, and a rotation And a transmission means 10 for transmitting the rotational force generated by the force generation means 9 to the blade means 8.
[0022]
The passage 6 communicates with an opening formed in a window frame (not shown) provided on the building outer wall.
[0023]
Sealing members 13 and 14 made of an elastic material such as rubber and extending from the side wall 2 to the side wall 3 are fitted on the upper wall 11 and the lower wall 12 of the frame means 7.
[0024]
In addition to the blade member 27, the blade means 8 is rotatable in the A and B directions around the rotation axis O1 via the rolling bearings 23 and 24 on the pair of side wall portions 2 and 3 at both ends 21 and 22, respectively. And a shaft 26 having one end portion 22 that penetrates one side wall portion 3 and protrudes from the outer wall surface 25 of the one side wall portion 3 to the outside.
[0025]
The blade member 27 includes a central shaft portion 63 and blade portions 61 and 62 that are integral with the shaft portion 63 and extend radially from the shaft portion 63, and are fixed to the shaft 26 at the shaft portion 63. The rotating shaft is formed so as to extend horizontally from the side wall portion 2 to the side wall portion 3 so as to cross the passage 6 and to generate a rotational moment in the B direction that fully opens the passage 6 by its own weight. In this example, the length of the blade portion 62 is shortened with respect to the blade portion 61 so as to have the center of gravity G at a position eccentric with respect to the center O1. In addition, the blade member 27 is configured such that in the fully open state of the passage 6 by the blade member 27, that is, in the state shown in FIG. On the opening 52 side, the distance L1 between the end portion 45 of the blade portion 61, which is one free end, and the upper wall portion 11 is shorter than the distance L2 between the end portion 45 and the lower wall portion 12, and the passage 6 The distance L3 between the end 46 of the blade 62 that is the other free end on the opening 51 side and the lower wall 12 is shorter than the distance L4 between the end 46 and the upper wall 11. Further, it is arranged in the passage 6.
[0026]
Further, the blade member 27 of this example has a pair of smooth surfaces 37 and 38 to generate a rotational moment in the A direction that closes the passage 6 by the air flow of the passage 6 in the fully opened state of the passage 6 by the blade member 27, It has a pair of uneven | corrugated surfaces 39 and 40 distribute | arranged to each back side of the smooth surfaces 37 and 38. As shown in FIG. The smooth surface 37 extends from the end portion 45 of the blade portion 61 of the blade member 27 to the shaft portion 63 that is the central portion of the blade member 27, and the uneven surface 40 is continuous with the smooth surface 37 and the shaft portion. The smooth surface 38 extends from the end portion 46 to the shaft portion 63, and the uneven surface 39 is continuous with the smooth surface 38. In the fully open state of the passage 6 by the blade member 27, the smooth surface 37 and the uneven surface 40 face the upper wall portion 11, and the smooth surface 38 and the uneven surface are not extended. The surface 39 faces the lower wall portion 12.
[0027]
The rotational force generating means 9 includes an output rotary shaft 31 penetrating the side wall portion 3, and a cylindrical shape that rotates the output rotary shaft 31 and is disposed in the lower wall portion 12 between the side wall portion 2 and the side wall portion 3. A tubular motor 33 as an electric motor having a drive body 32 is provided, and the output rotary shaft 31 has a rotational axis O2 eccentric to the rotational axis O1 on the side wall 3 via a rolling bearing 34. The drive main body 32 is fixed to and supported by the lower wall portion 12.
[0028]
The transmission means 10 includes an intermittent gear means 65 that is connected to a shaft 26 protruding from the outer wall surface 25 of the side wall 3 and allows the blade means 8 to freely rotate in a certain range in the A and B directions. The intermittent gear means 65 includes a spur gear 42 fixed to the output rotation shaft 31, a gear 67 rotatably supported on one end portion 22 of the shaft 26 via a rolling bearing 66, and one end portion 22 of the shaft 26. A spur gear portion 41 that meshes with the spur gear 42, a spur gear portion 41 that is integrally formed with the spur gear portion 41, and an arcuate shape within a certain angle range on the inner peripheral surface. The engaging part 68 is formed integrally with the cylindrical part 72 and is cut off. The cylindrical part 72 is fixed to the one end part 22 of the shaft 26. And a protrusion 73 disposed in the notch 70.
[0029]
The transmission means 10 transmits the rotation of the output rotation shaft 31 by decelerating from the spur gear 42 to the spur gear portion 41, and the rotation of the spur gear portion 41 is transmitted to the shaft 26 through contact with the projection 73 of the cylindrical portion 71. Thus, the rotation of the output rotating shaft 31 is transmitted to the blade means 8.
[0030]
In the ventilator 1 described above, when the tubular motor 33 is not operated in the open state of the passage 6 shown in FIG. 1 or the open state of the passage 6, the inside and outside of the building 4 and 5 based on the pressure difference between the inside and outside 4 and 5 of the building. As a result, air is supplied and exhausted through the passage 6, fresh air outside the building 5 is supplied to the inside 4 of the building, and polluted air inside the building 4 is exhausted to the outside 5 of the building, thus The building 4 is naturally ventilated.
[0031]
In the open state of the passage 6 shown in FIG. 1, the protrusion 73 disposed in the notch 70 abuts or approaches one side surface 75 of the cylindrical portion 71 that defines the notch 70, while the notch 70 is As a result of being sufficiently separated from the other side surface 76 of the cylindrical portion 71 to be defined and the engaging body 68 being freely rotatable in the direction A within the range of the notch 70, the blade member 27 is formed by the blade member 27. Since the passage 6 can be freely rotated in the closing direction of the passage 6 when the passage 6 is fully opened, a sudden strong wind blows outside the building 5 in the opening state of the passage 6 and enters the building 4 via the passage 6. When a strong wind is about to blow in, the blade member 27 is rotated in the direction A by the lift generated on the blade member 27 based on the high-speed air flow passing through the passage 6, and is rotated as shown in FIG. It becomes obstructed by. When the sudden strong wind stops, the lift generated in the blade member 27 based on the high-speed airflow passing through the passage 6 is weakened, and the blade is caused by the eccentricity of the center of gravity G with respect to the rotational axis O1 based on the weight difference between the blade portion 61 and the blade portion 62. The member 27 is rotated in the B direction to the rotational state shown in FIG. 1, and the passage 6 is opened.
[0032]
Even when the air flow in the passage 6 from the opening 51 toward the opening 52 is not so high, the A member moves in the direction A to the extent that the blade member 27 does not block the passage 6 due to lift generated in the blade member 27 corresponding to the air flow rate. As a result of the rotation, the opening degree of the passage 6 is adjusted according to the air flow velocity of the passage 6 from the opening 51 toward the opening 52. The free rotation range of the blade means 8 defined by the notch 70 of the intermittent gear means 65 may extend from fully open to fully closed of the passage 6 as described above. It may be up to the middle).
[0033]
When ventilation is not desired or when strong wind continues outside the building 5, the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is actuated by the operation of the switch manually or the detection result of the detector for detecting strong wind, and the output rotation shaft thereof. When the spur gear portion 41 is rotated in the A direction via the gear 31 and the spur gear 42, the side surface 75 of the cylindrical portion 71 comes into contact with the protrusion 73, and the cylindrical portion 72 is rotated with the rotation of the spur gear portion 41. Then, when the blade member 27 is rotated in the direction A, the passage 6 starts to be gradually closed, and the end portion 45 of the blade member 27 becomes the seal member 13 and the end portion 46 of the blade member 27 as shown in FIG. When they are brought into contact with the seal members 14 respectively, the passage 6 is closed, and air supply / exhaust through the passage 6 to the inside and outside of the building 4 and 5 is not performed, and strong wind is prevented from blowing into the building 4. When the blade member 27 is in a state of closing the passage 6 shown in FIG. 4, the operation of the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is stopped by a detection result from a detector (not shown) that detects this.
[0034]
When ventilation is desired or after the strong wind has stopped, the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is actuated by the operation of the switch manually or the detection result of the detector that detects the strong wind, and the output rotating shaft 31 and the spur gear 42 are connected. When the spur gear portion 41 is rotated in the B direction, the cylinder portion 71 is also rotated in the B direction, and the engaging body 68 can also be rotated in the B direction. As a result, the blade member 27 has the rotational axis O1 of the center of gravity G. As the spur gear portion 41 rotates in the B direction due to the eccentricity with respect to, the passage 6 is opened in the final rotation state shown in FIG. When the blade member 27 is in a state where the passage 6 shown in FIG. 1 is opened, the operation of the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is stopped by a detection result from a detector (not shown) that detects this.
[0035]
In the ventilator 1, the blade member 27 is arranged in the passage 6 so that the distance L1 is shorter than the distance L2 and the distance L3 is shorter than the distance L4, and the passage width between the end 45 and the upper wall portion 11 is set. Is narrower than the passage width between the end portion 45 and the lower wall portion 12, and the passage width between the end portion 46 and the lower wall portion 12 is set to be the passage width between the end portion 46 and the upper wall portion 11. Accordingly, the flow velocity of air flowing through the passage 6 between the end portion 45 and the upper wall portion 11 is made faster than the flow velocity of air flowing through the passage 6 between the end portion 45 and the lower wall portion 12. In addition, the flow velocity of the air flowing through the passage 6 between the end portion 46 and the lower wall portion 12 is made faster than the flow velocity of the air flowing through the passage between the end portion 46 and the upper wall portion 11 to A rotational moment in the A direction that closes the passage 6 is generated in the blade member 27 due to the difference in the air flow velocity of the passage 6 between the respective states in the fully opened state. For example, even when a strong wind suddenly occurs outside the building 5, the passage 6 can be immediately closed based on the strong wind, and the building has an air flow caused by the sudden strong wind. Inflow to the inside 4 can be prevented, so that the discomfort of the workers or residents in the building 4 can be reduced as much as possible, and the rising of dust and sand caused by strong winds can be minimized. .
[0036]
Moreover, since the blade member 27 has the smooth surfaces 38 and 37 and the uneven surfaces 39 and 40 arranged on the back sides of the smooth surfaces 38 and 37 as in the ventilation device 1, the smooth surface. As a result of the difference between the pressure of the air flowing on the 38 and 37 side and the pressure of the air flowing on the uneven surfaces 39 and 40 side, a rotational moment in the A direction that closes the passage 6 in the blade member 27 is generated. The air flow can be generated more greatly, and the inflow of the air flow into the building 4 due to the sudden strong wind can be more reliably and quickly prevented.
[0037]
Further, according to the ventilation device 1, the rotational force generating means 9 includes the tubular motor 33, and the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is disposed between the side wall portion 2 and the side wall portion 3 so as to be parallel to the blade means 8. Therefore, the linear arrangement of the rotation axis O1 of the blade means 8 and the rotation axis O2 of the output rotation shaft 31 of the tubular motor 33 can be avoided, and the space can be used effectively and occupied. The space can be reduced, and the transmission means 10 can be easily accelerated and decelerated. In particular, when the transmission means 10 is configured to decelerate as in this example, the end 45 And 46 can be brought into contact with the seal members 13 and 14 with a large force, and the passage 6 can be securely closed tightly with watertightness and airtightness, and the output torque and the size are small. Chu Can be used Buramota 33, it can also reduce the occupied space from such a viewpoint.
[0038]
In the ventilating apparatus 1 described above, the frame means 7 having the front and rear openings 51 and 52 and defining the passage 6 opened in the front-rear direction (horizontal direction) is used. Thus, the frame means 7 having the frame body 55 having the upper and lower openings 53 and 54 and defining the passage 6 opening in the vertical direction (vertical direction) may be used. 55 includes side wall portions 2 and 3, and includes hollow front and rear wall portions 56 and 57 as a pair of opposing wall portions instead of the upper wall portion 11 and the lower wall portion 12, and the front and rear wall portions 56 and 57. The sealing members 13 and 14 are fitted to each of them, and the drive body 32 of the tubular motor 33 is disposed in the rear wall portion 57 between the side wall portion 2 and the side wall portion 3, and the rear wall portion 57. Fixed and supported by
[0039]
The frame means 7 shown in FIG. 5 includes a guide frame 58 fixed to the lower surface of the frame main body 55 in addition to the frame main body 55, and the guide frame 58 opens into the inside 4 of the building through the upper opening 53. A guide passage 59 that communicates with the opening 54 under the passage 6 and opens to the outside of the building 5 in the front is defined. A dust-proof net 60 is attached to a portion of the guide frame 58 that communicates with the opening 54 of the passage 6. A front opening that opens to the outside of the building 5 also serves as a bird-proof net that is equivalent to the dust-proof net 60. It may be attached to the portion 74.
[0040]
Further, in the ventilation device 1 shown in FIG. 1, the blade member 27 having a shape extending substantially straight in the cross section is used, but instead of this, as shown in FIG. Hollow blades that are symmetrically formed and curved so that a lift force is generated by the air flow of the passage 6 from the opening 54 to the opening 53 of the passage 6 and a rotational force in the A direction that closes the passage 6 is generated. A blade member 64 having a shaft portion 63 in which the blade portions 61 and 62 and the blade portions 61 and 62 are integrally formed and the shaft 26 is inserted and fixed is used. 5, that is, in the state shown in FIG. 5, the air flow in the passage 6 causes the blade member 64 to close the passage 6, that is, in the direction A, on the opening 53 side of the passage 6. Freedom of the blade member 64 The distance L1 between the end portion 78 and the rear wall portion 57 of the blade portion 62 is shorter than the distance L2 between the end portion 78 and the front wall portion 56, and the blade member 64 on the opening portion 54 side of the passage 6. The blade member is placed in the passage 6 so that the distance L3 between the end portion 77 of the blade portion 61 and the front wall portion 56 which is the free end of the blade portion 61 is shorter than the distance L4 between the end portion 77 and the rear wall portion 57. 64 may be arranged, in this case, the blade portion 61 is formed longer than the blade portion 62 so that the blade means 8 has a center of gravity G at a position eccentric to the rotational axis O1, Thus, the blade means 8 always has a rotation in the B direction opposite to the rotation in the A direction due to its own weight, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a certain range of the blade means 8 in the A and B directions. The transmission means 10 may be configured to include intermittent gear means 65 that allows free rotation of the motor.
[0041]
5 to 7, even when strong wind is generated outside the building 5, the passage 6 can be immediately closed based on the strong wind, and the operator or resident in the building 4 is uncomfortable. Can be reduced as much as possible, and soaring in the building 4 such as dust and sand based on strong wind can be minimized.
[0042]
Also, in the ventilation device 1 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the linear arrangement of the rotation axis O1 of the blade member 64 and the rotation axis O2 of the output rotation shaft 31 can be avoided, and the installation position of the tubular motor 33 can be avoided. When the transmission means 10 is configured to decelerate as in this example, the end portions of the blade portions 61 and 62 can be increased. 77 and 78 can be brought into contact with the seal members 13 and 14 with a large force, and the passage 6 can be securely closed with watertightness and airtightness. A small tubular motor 33 can be used, and the occupied space can also be reduced from this viewpoint.
[0043]
Further, when the blade means 8 is configured to have the center of gravity G at a position eccentric with respect to the rotational axis O1, instead of forming the blade portion 61 longer than the blade portion 62, as shown in FIG. A plurality of cylindrical cavities 91 are formed in the wing portion 61 and the wing portion 62, and a rod-shaped core member 92 is inserted and fitted as a weight into the required number of cavities 91 of the wing portion 61. The position of the center of gravity G of the blade member 61 may be eccentric with respect to the rotational axis O1 so that the blade means 8 always rotates in the B direction opposite to the rotation in the A direction. When the blade means 8 is configured as shown in FIG. 9, the position of the center of gravity G of the blade means 8 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the space 91 into which the rod-shaped core member 92 is inserted and fitted, and thus optimal. The center of gravity G can be easily set at a proper position.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, even when a strong wind is generated outside the building, the passage can be immediately closed based on the strong wind, and the discomfort of the workers or residents in the building can be reduced as much as possible and the strong wind is used. It is possible to provide a ventilation device that can minimize the rising of dust and sand in a building.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of the example shown in FIG.
3 is a view taken along the line III-III shown in FIG.
4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a partial explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 5;
7 is a view taken along arrow VII-VII shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of still another preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Ventilator
2, 3 Side wall
4 Inside the building
5 Outside the building
6 passage
7 Frame means
8 blade means
9 Rotational force generation means
10 Transmission means

Claims

一対の側壁部及び一対の対向壁部を有すると共にこの側壁部及び対向壁部により建物内外を連通する通路を画成する枠手段と、一方の側壁部から他方の側壁部まで伸びて通路に回転自在に配された羽根部材を有する羽根手段と、羽根手段を回転させて当該羽根手段により通路の開閉を行わせる回転力を発生する回転力発生手段と、この回転力発生手段で発生された回転力を羽根手段に伝達する伝達手段とを具備しており、羽根部材は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で、通路の閉塞方向に自由回転可能になっていると共に通路の空気流によって通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、通路の一方の開口部側でその一方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離がその一方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短く、通路の他方の開口部側でその他方の自由端と他方の対向壁部との間の距離がその他方の自由端と一方の対向壁部との間の距離よりも短くなるように、通路に配されており、羽根手段は、羽根部材に固着されていると共に側壁部に回転自在に支持されて一方の側壁部を貫通して当該一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸を具備しており、伝達手段は、一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸に連結されていると共に羽根手段の自由回動を許容する間欠ギヤ手段を有しており、間欠ギヤ手段で規定される羽根手段の自由回動範囲は、羽根部材による通路の全開から全閉までに亘っており、間欠ギヤ手段は、回転力発生手段の出力回転軸に固着された平歯車と、羽根手段の軸の一端部に回転自在に支持された歯車と、羽根手段の軸の一端部に固着された係合体とを具備しており、歯車は、平歯車に噛合う平歯車部と、平歯車部に一体形成されていると共に内周面に一定角度範囲の円弧状の切欠きを有した筒部とを具備しており、係合体は、羽根手段の軸の一端部に固着された円筒部と、この円筒部に一体的に形成されていると共に切欠きに配された突条部とを具備している換気装置。 A frame means having a pair of side wall portions and a pair of opposing wall portions and defining a passage communicating with the inside and outside of the building by the side wall portions and the opposing wall portions, and extending from one side wall portion to the other side wall portion and rotating into the passage Blade means having freely arranged blade members, rotational force generating means for generating rotational force for rotating the blade means to open and close the passage by the blade means, and rotation generated by the rotational force generating means Transmission means for transmitting force to the blade means, and the blade member is free to rotate in the closing direction of the passage when the passage is fully opened by the blade member, and the passage of air by the airflow of the passage. The distance between one free end and one opposing wall on one opening side of the passage is between the one free end and the other opposing wall so as to generate a rotational moment in the closing direction. Shorter than the distance of In the passage, the distance between the other free end and the other opposing wall on the other opening side of the path is shorter than the distance between the other free end and the one opposing wall. The blade means is fixed to the blade member and rotatably supported by the side wall portion, and includes a shaft that penetrates one side wall portion and protrudes from the outer wall surface of the one side wall portion. The transmission means is connected to a shaft protruding from the outer wall surface of one of the side wall portions and has intermittent gear means for allowing free rotation of the blade means, and the blade means defined by the intermittent gear means The free rotation range of the blade member extends from the full opening to the full closing of the passage, and the intermittent gear means includes a spur gear fixed to the output rotation shaft of the rotational force generating means and one end of the shaft of the blade means. Fixed to one end of the shaft of the blade means and the gear supported rotatably on the blade A spur gear portion that meshes with the spur gear, and a cylindrical portion that is integrally formed with the spur gear portion and has an arc-shaped notch in a certain angle range on the inner peripheral surface. The engaging body includes a cylindrical portion fixed to one end portion of the shaft of the blade means, and a protrusion formed integrally with the cylindrical portion and arranged in the notch. Ventilation equipment.

羽根部材は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で通路の空気流によって通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、滑らかな面と、この滑らかな面の各裏側に配された凹凸な面とを有している請求項１に記載の換気装置。 The blade member has a smooth surface and an uneven surface arranged on each back side of the smooth surface so as to generate a rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage by the air flow of the passage when the passage is fully opened by the blade member. The ventilator according to claim 1, comprising:

羽根部材は、滑らかな面及び凹凸な面の夫々を一対有しており、一対の滑らかな面の一方は、羽根部材の一方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の一方は、一対の滑らかな面の一方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の他方の自由端まで伸びており、一対の滑らかな面の他方は、羽根部材の他方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の他方は、一対の滑らかな面の他方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の一方の自由端まで伸びている請求項２に記載の換気装置。 The blade member has a pair of smooth surfaces and uneven surfaces, and one of the pair of smooth surfaces extends from one free end of the blade member to the central portion of the blade member. One of the smooth surfaces extends from the center of the blade member to the other free end of the blade member continuously with one of the pair of smooth surfaces, and the other of the pair of smooth surfaces is the other free surface of the blade member. The other of the pair of irregular surfaces extends from the end to the center of the blade member, and extends from the center of the blade member to one free end of the blade member continuously with the other of the pair of smooth surfaces. Item 3. The ventilation device according to Item 2.

羽根部材による通路の全開状態で、一対の滑らかな面及び一対の凹凸な面の夫々の一方は、一方の対向壁部に対面しており、一対の滑らかな面及び一対の凹凸な面の夫々の他方は、他方の対向壁部に対面している請求項３に記載の換気装置。 In the fully opened state of the passage by the blade member, one of the pair of smooth surfaces and the pair of uneven surfaces faces one opposing wall portion, and each of the pair of smooth surfaces and the pair of uneven surfaces The ventilator according to claim 3, wherein the other of the two faces the other facing wall.

一対の側壁部及び一対の対向壁部を有すると共にこの側壁部及び対向壁部により建物内外を連通する通路を画成する枠手段と、一方の側壁部から他方の側壁部まで伸びて通路に回転自在に配された羽根部材を有する羽根手段と、羽根手段を回転させて当該羽根手段により通路の開閉を行わせる回転力を発生する回転力発生手段と、この回転力発生手段で発生された回転力を羽根手段に伝達する伝達手段とを具備しており、羽根部材は、当該羽根部材による通路の全開状態で通路の閉塞方向に自由回転可能になっていると共に通路の空気流によって羽根部材に通路を閉塞する方向の回転モーメントを生じるように、滑らかな面とこの滑らかな面の裏側に凹凸面とを有しており、羽根手段は、羽根部材に固着されていると共に側壁部に回転自在に支持されて一方の側壁部を貫通して当該一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸を具備しており、伝達手段は、一方の側壁部の外壁面から突出する軸に連結されていると共に羽根手段の自由回動を許容する間欠ギヤ手段を有しており、間欠ギヤ手段で規定される羽根手段の自由回動範囲は、羽根部材による通路の全開から全閉までに亘っており、間欠ギヤ手段は、回転力発生手段の出力回転軸に固着された平歯車と、羽根手段の軸の一端部に回転自在に支持された歯車と、羽根手段の軸の一端部に固着された係合体とを具備しており、歯車は、平歯車に噛合う平歯車部と、平歯車部に一体形成されていると共に内周面に一定角度範囲の円弧状の切欠きを有した筒部とを具備しており、係合体は、羽根手段の軸の一端部に固着された円筒部と、この円筒部に一体的に形成されていると共に切欠きに配された突条部とを具備している換気装置。 A frame means having a pair of side wall portions and a pair of opposing wall portions and defining a passage communicating with the inside and outside of the building by the side wall portions and the opposing wall portions, and extending from one side wall portion to the other side wall portion and rotating into the passage Blade means having freely arranged blade members, rotational force generating means for generating rotational force for rotating the blade means to open and close the passage by the blade means, and rotation generated by the rotational force generating means Transmission means for transmitting force to the blade means, and the blade member is freely rotatable in the closing direction of the passage when the passage is fully opened by the blade member, and is applied to the blade member by the air flow of the passage. In order to generate a rotational moment in the direction of closing the passage, it has a smooth surface and an uneven surface on the back side of the smooth surface, and the blade means is fixed to the blade member and freely rotatable on the side wall portion. In And a shaft that protrudes from the outer wall surface of the one side wall portion through the one side wall portion and is connected to a shaft that protrudes from the outer wall surface of the one side wall portion. It has intermittent gear means that allows free rotation of the blade means, and the free rotation range of the blade means defined by the intermittent gear means extends from fully open to fully closed of the passage by the blade member. The gear means includes a spur gear fixed to the output rotation shaft of the rotational force generating means, a gear rotatably supported on one end portion of the blade means shaft, and an engagement body fixed to one end portion of the blade means shaft. The gear includes: a spur gear portion that meshes with the spur gear; and a cylindrical portion that is integrally formed with the spur gear portion and has an arc-shaped notch in a certain angle range on the inner peripheral surface. The engaging body includes a cylindrical portion fixed to one end portion of the shaft of the blade means, and a cylindrical portion. Ventilator that includes a protruding portion arranged on the notch with which is formed integrally with the cylindrical portion.

羽根部材は、滑らかな面及び凹凸な面の夫々を一対有しており、一対の滑らかな面の一方は、羽根部材の一方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の一方は、一対の滑らかな面の一方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の他方の自由端まで伸びており、一対の滑らかな面の他方は、羽根部材の他方の自由端から羽根部材の中央部まで伸びており、一対の凹凸な面の他方は、一対の滑らかな面の他方と連続して羽根部材の中央部から羽根部材の一方の自由端まで伸びている請求項５に記載の換気装置。 The blade member has a pair of smooth surfaces and uneven surfaces, and one of the pair of smooth surfaces extends from one free end of the blade member to the central portion of the blade member. One of the smooth surfaces extends from the center of the blade member to the other free end of the blade member continuously with one of the pair of smooth surfaces, and the other of the pair of smooth surfaces is the other free surface of the blade member. The other of the pair of irregular surfaces extends from the end to the center of the blade member, and extends from the center of the blade member to one free end of the blade member continuously with the other of the pair of smooth surfaces. Item 6. The ventilator according to item 5.

羽根手段は、通路を全開する方向に回転モーメントを生じるように、その回転軸心に対して偏心した位置に重心を有している請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の換気装置。 The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the blade means has a center of gravity at a position eccentric with respect to a rotation axis so as to generate a rotation moment in a direction in which the passage is fully opened.

羽根手段は、羽根部材の重心の位置をその回転軸心に対して偏心させる重錘を有している請求項７に記載の換気装置。 The ventilation device according to claim 7, wherein the blade means has a weight that decenters the position of the center of gravity of the blade member with respect to the rotation axis.

回転力発生手段は、チューブラモータを具備している請求項１から８のいずれか一項に記載の換気装置。 The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rotational force generating means includes a tubular motor.

通路は、建物外壁に設けられた窓枠に形成された開口部に連通するようになっている請求項１から９のいずれか一項に記載の換気装置。 The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the passage communicates with an opening formed in a window frame provided on the outer wall of the building.