JP3982224B2

JP3982224B2 - Assembly method of double row tapered roller bearing unit

Info

Publication number: JP3982224B2
Application number: JP2001309939A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 英志渋谷
Original assignee: NSK Ltd
Current assignee: NSK Ltd
Priority date: 2001-10-05
Filing date: 2001-10-05
Publication date: 2007-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 2021-10-05
Also published as: JP2003113839A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、例えば自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持する為の自動車用ハブユニットとして利用する複列円すいころ軸受ユニットを組み立てる方法の改良に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
自動車の車輪は懸架装置に対して、転がり軸受により回転自在に支持する。又、重量の嵩む自動車の車輪は、複列円すいころ軸受ユニットにより、懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持する。この様な複列円すいころ軸受ユニットに関する発明として、特開２０００−９４９０２号公報には、図８〜９に示す様な構造と、図１０〜１２に示す様な組立方法とが記載されている。このうちの図８〜９に示した複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１は、ハブ本体２と、内輪３と、外輪４と、それぞれが複数個ずつの第一円すいころ５、５及び第二円すいころ６、６と、第一シールリング７と、第二シールリング８とから成る。
【０００３】
このうちのハブ本体２は、軸方向外端部（軸方向に関して外とは、自動車の幅方向外側で、図１、２、５、８の左側。図３、４、６、７、１０〜１２の下側。本明細書全体で同じ。）外周面に車輪を支持する為のフランジ９を形成している。又、このハブ本体２の中間部外周面には、第一列の円すいころ軸受１０を構成する為の、円すい凸面状の第一内輪軌道１１を、直接形成している。更に、上記ハブ本体２の軸方向内端部（軸方向に関して内とは、自動車の幅方向中央側で、図１、２、５、８の右側。図３、４、６、７、１０〜１２の上側。本明細書全体で同じ。）外周面には、小径段部１２を設けている。この小径段部１２の外周面は、上記ハブ本体２と同心の円筒面としている。又、図示の例は、駆動輪を支持する為の複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１を示しており、この為に上記ハブ本体２の中心部に、駆動軸の端部をスプライン係合させる為のスプライン孔１３を設けている。
【０００４】
又、上記内輪３は、第二列の円すいころ軸受１４を構成する為の、円すい凸面状の第二内輪軌道１５を外周面に形成しており、上記ハブ本体２の小径段部１２に外嵌固定している。この第二内輪軌道１５の傾斜方向と上記第一内輪軌道１１の傾斜方向とは、互いに逆にしている。又、上記内輪３の軸方向内端部は、この内輪３の外端面を上記小径段部１２の軸方向外端部に設けた段差面１６に突き当てた状態で、上記ハブ本体２の軸方向内端面よりも少しだけ突出する。自動車への組み付け状態で、この様にハブ本体２から突出した、上記内輪３の軸方向内端面には、図示しない等速ジョイントの端面、或は図示しない駆動軸の端部に形成した段部等が突き当たり、上記内輪３が上記小径段部１２から抜け出る事を防止する。
【０００５】
又、上記外輪４の内周面には、上記第一、第二列の円すいころ軸受１０、１４を構成する為の、それぞれが円すい凹面状の第一、第二外輪軌道１７、１８を形成している。これら第一、第二外輪軌道１７、１８の傾斜方向は、上記第一、第二内輪軌道１１、１５に合わせて、互いに逆としている。又、上記外輪４の外周面の軸方向中間部には、この外輪４を図示しない懸架装置に対し固定する為の、外向フランジ状の取付部１９を設けている。
【０００６】
又、前記複数個の第一円すいころ５、５は、第一保持器２０により転動自在に保持した状態で、上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間に配置している。これに対して、前記複数個の第二円すいころ６、６は、第二保持器２１により転動自在に保持した状態で、上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間に配置している。
【０００７】
上記第一、第二各保持器２０、２１は何れも、上記複数個ずつの第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を保持した状態で、これら各円すいころ５、６が直径方向外方に脱落するのを防止する構造を有する。即ち、これら第一、第二各保持器２０、２１は、弾性を有する合成樹脂を射出成形する事により、全体を部分円すい筒状に形成したもので、円周方向に関してそれぞれ複数ずつのポケット２２と柱部２３とを交互に設けている。上記各円すいころ５、６は、これら各ポケット２２内に転動自在に配置している。又、上記各柱部２３の外周面は、上記第一、第二各円すいころ５、６のピッチ円よりも直径方向外方に位置させている。そして、上記各ポケット２２の外径側開口部の円周方向に関する幅を、上記各円すいころ５、６の直径よりも小さくしている。
【０００８】
従って、上記各円すいころ５、６を上記各ポケット２２内に収納する作業は、上記第一、第二各保持器２０、２１の内径側から行なう。上記各円すいころ５、６を上記各ポケット２２内に収納し、これら各円すいころ５、６の内径側に前記ハブ本体２及び内輪３を挿入した状態では、これら各円すいころ５、６が上記各ポケット２２内に、脱落を阻止された状態で保持される。又、前記第一、第二内輪軌道１１、１５の小径側端部に、直径方向外方に突出する小鍔部２４を形成している。上記各円すいころ５、６と上記各保持器２０、２１とは、それぞれセットにした状態で、前記第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５の周囲に組み込む。上記各円すいころ５、６がこれら各内輪軌道１１、１５の小径側端部に形成した小鍔部２４を通過する際には、これら各円すいころ５、６が各小鍔部２４に乗り上げる事によって、上記各保持器２０、２１を外径側に膨らむ様に弾性変形させる。従って、上記第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を上記第一、第二内輪軌道１１、１５の周囲に配置した状態では、これら第一、第二各円すいころ５、６は、軸方向に不用意に変位する事がなくなる。
【０００９】
又、前記第一シールリング７は、前記外輪４の外端部内周面と前記ハブ本体２の中間部外周面との間を、前記第二シールリング８は、上記外輪４の内端部内周面と前記内輪３の内端部外周面との間を、それぞれ密封する状態で組み付けている。図示の例では、上記第一のシールリング７として単体のシールリングを、上記第二のシールリング８として組み合わせシールリングを、それぞれ使用している。
【００１０】
次に、上述の様な構成を有する複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１の組立方法に就いて、上述した図８〜９に、図１０〜１２を加えて説明する。先ず、図１０に示す様に、前記ハブ本体２の外端部を下方に向けた状態で、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を、上記第一保持器２０により、上記ハブ本体２の外周面のうちの第一内輪軌道１１の外径側に保持する。又、これに先立って、上記第一シールリング７を上記ハブ本体２に外嵌しておき、この第一シールリング７を、このハブ本体２の中間部外周面で上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記フランジ９との間部分に配置する。この状態で、上記各第一円すいころ５、５は、上記ハブ本体２の周囲に、分離する事なく保持される。
【００１１】
この様に、上記ハブ本体２の中間部周囲に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を保持すると共に上記第一シールリング７を配置した状態で、図１０→図１１に示す様に、上記ハブ本体２の周囲に前記外輪４を進入させる。この進入作業は、図１１に示す様に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５の外側に前記第一外輪軌道１７が位置するまで行なう。又、この様にハブ本体２の周囲に上記外輪４を進入させるのと同時に、この外輪４の外端部に上記第一シールリング７を装着する作業を行なう。即ち、この第一シールリング７の外側面を、抑えブロック２６に固設した治具２７により抑えつつ、上記ハブ本体２の周囲に上記外輪４を進入させる事により、上記第一シールリング７をこの外輪４の外端部に外嵌固定する。尚、この様な第一シールリング７の外嵌作業を行なう為に、上記ハブ本体２のフランジ９の円周方向複数個所に、上記治具２７を挿通する為の通孔２８、２８を設けている。
【００１２】
次いで、図１１→図１２に示す様に、前記複数個の第二円すいころ６、６を前記第二保持器２１により前記第二内輪軌道１５の周囲に保持した状態で、前記内輪３を上記外輪４の内側に挿入する。そして、この挿入作業に伴って上記内輪３を、上記ハブ本体２の小径段部１２に外嵌する。そして、最後に、図１２→図８に示す様に、上記内輪３の内端部外周面と上記外輪４の内端部内周面との間に、前記第二シールリング８を装着する。
【００１３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した様な複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１を組み立てる場合、上記第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を、それぞれ上記第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５と上記第一、第二各外輪軌道１７、１８との間に組み付ける際には、これら第一、第二各円すいころ５、６が、それぞれ上記第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５と上記第一、第二各外輪軌道１７、１８との間にくさび状に食い付く事（所謂くさび作用による食い付きが生じる事）を防止する必要がある。この理由は、この様なくさび作用による食い付きが生じると、組立完了後の馴らし運転時間が長くなる等の不都合を生じる為である。組立時にこの様なくさび作用による食い付きの発生を防止する為には、上記第一、第二各円すいころ５、６の大径側端縁を、それぞれ上記第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９、２９の内側面に接触させた状態で、これら第一、第二各円すいころ５、６をそれぞれ上記第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５と上記第一、第二各外輪軌道１７、１８との間に組み付ければ良い。
【００１４】
一方、上述の図１０〜１２に示した従来の組立方法の場合、図１０〜１１に示す様にして、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間に組み付ける際には、上記第一内輪軌道１１の周囲に配置した上記各第一円すいころ５、５が自重により下方に変位し、これら各第一円すいころ５、５の大径側端面（頭部）が上記第一内輪軌道１１の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面に当接した状態となっている。この為、組立時に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５が、本来の位置でない不正規位置に存在したまま、上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間にくさび状に強く食い付く事を防止できる。
【００１５】
これに対し、図１２に示す様にして、上記各第二円すいころ６、６を上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付ける際には、上記第二内輪軌道１５の周囲に配置した上記各第二円すいころ６、６が自重により下方に変位し、これら各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端面（頭部）が上記第二内輪軌道１５の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面から離れた、言い換えれば、これら各第二円すいころ６、６の小径側端面（尾部）が上記第二内輪軌道１５の小径側端部に形成した小鍔部２４の内側面に当接した状態となっている。この為、組立時に、上記各第二円すいころ６、６が、不正規位置に存在したまま、上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間にくさび状に食い付く可能性がある。
【００１６】
但し、この場合、被組立品（組立途中の複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１）の上下方向を反転させれば（図１２の上下方向を逆にすれば）、上記各第二円すいころ６、６が自重により下方に変位し、これら各円すいころ６、６の大径側端面が上記大鍔部２９の内側面に当接した状態となる。従って、この状態で組み付け作業を行なえば、上記各第二円すいころ６、６が、不正規位置に存在したまま、上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。
【００１７】
ところが、上述の様に組立作業の途中で被組立品の上下方向を反転させる事は、この組立作業を面倒にしたり、作業用の設備が複雑になる等の不都合を生じる為、好ましくない。
本発明の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの組立方法は、上述の様な事情に鑑みて発明したもので、被組立品の向きを変える事なく組立作業を行なう場合でも、くさび作用による食い付きの発生防止を図れる様にするものである。
【００１８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の組立方法の対象となる複列円すいころ軸受ユニットは、ハブ本体と、内輪と、外輪と、それぞれ複数個ずつの第一円すいころ及び第二円すいころとを備える。
このうちのハブ本体は、中間部外周面に第一列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、軸方向内方に向かう程外径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した円すい凸面状の第一内輪軌道を、内端部外周面に小径段部を、それぞれ設けている。
又、上記内輪は、第二列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、軸方向内方に向かう程外径が大きくなる方向に傾斜した円すい凸面状の第二内輪軌道を外周面に形成したもので、上記ハブ本体の軸方向内端部に設けた小径段部に、軸方向外端面をこの小径段部の軸方向外端部に設けた段差面に突き当てた状態で外嵌固定している。
又、上記外輪は、内周面に上記第一、第二列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、それぞれが円すい凹面状で、互いに近付く程内径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した第一、第二外輪軌道を形成したもので、上記ハブ本体及び内輪の周囲に配置している。
又、上記各第一円すいころは、第一保持器により転動自在に保持した状態で、上記第一内輪軌道と上記第一外輪軌道との間に配置している。
又、上記各第二円すいころは、第二保持器により転動自在に保持した状態で、上記第二内輪軌道と上記第二外輪軌道との間に配置している。
【００１９】
又、本発明の組立方法の対象となる複列円すいころ軸受ユニットは、上記各第二円すいころを保持する為に上記第二保持器に設けた各ポケットは、これら各第二円すいころがこの第二保持器の径方向外方に抜け出るのを防止する形状を有するものである。
又、上記第二保持器はその軸方向内端部に、上記各第二円すいころの転動面を前記第二の内輪軌道に当接させると共に、これら第二の円すいころの大径側端面をそれぞれ上記第二内輪軌道の大径側端部に存在する大鍔部の内側面に当接させた状態での、これら各第二円すいころの大径側端部の外接円よりも径方向外方に突出する、突出部を有するものである。
【００２０】
そして、本発明の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの組立方法は、上述の様な複列円すいころ軸受ユニットを組み立てる為に、先ず、上記ハブ本体の中間部外周面に形成した第一内輪軌道と外輪の外端寄り部内周面に形成した第一外輪軌道との間に複数個の第一円すいころを、第一保持器により保持した状態で配置する。次いで、前記内輪を、複数個の第二円すいころを第二保持器により第二内輪軌道の周囲に保持した状態で、この第二保持器の軸方向内端部に設けた突出部を筒状に構成した案内治具の内周面に弾性的に摺接させつつ、上記ハブ本体の小径段部に外嵌する。
【００２１】
【作用】
上述した様な本発明の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの組立方法によれば、被組立品を何れの方向に向けて組立作業を行なった場合でも、組立時に複数個の第二円すいころが第二内輪軌道と第二外輪軌道との間にくさび状に強く食い付く事を防止できる。
即ち、本発明の場合、上記複数個の第二円すいころを上記第二内輪軌道と第二外輪軌道との間に組み付ける作業は、これら各第二円すいころを第二保持器により第二内輪軌道の周囲に保持した状態で、内輪をハブ本体の小径段部に外嵌する（押し込む）事により行なう。特に、本発明の場合、この外嵌作業は、第二保持器の軸方向内端部に設けた突出部を、筒状に構成した案内治具の内周面に弾性的に摺接させつつ行なう。従って、これら突出部と案内治具の内周面との摺接部に作用する摩擦力に基づき、上記第二保持器及びこの第二保持器により保持した上記各第二円すいころが上記内輪に対して、この内輪の押し込み方向後方に相対変位する。この結果、これら各第二円すいころの大径側端面が、第二内輪軌道の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部の内側面と当接する。この為、本発明の場合、被組立品を何れの方向に向けて組立作業を行なう場合でも、複数個の第二円すいころの大径側端面を上記大鍔部の内側面に当接させた状態で、これら各第二円すいころを第二内輪軌道と第二外輪軌道との間に組み付ける事ができる。この結果、被組立品を何れの方向に向けて組立作業を行なった場合でも、組立時に上記各第二円すいころが、不正規位置に存在したまま、第二内輪軌道と第二外輪軌道との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。
【００２２】
又、本発明の場合には、上述の様に複数個の第二円すいころの組付け作業を行なうのに先立って、複数個の第一円すいころを第一内輪軌道と第一外輪軌道との間に組み付ける作業を行なうが、これら各第一円すいころの組付け作業は、例えば前述の図１０〜１１に示す様にして（被組立品の外端部を下方に向けた状態で）行なえば、これら各第一円すいころが第一内輪軌道と第一外輪軌道との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。従って、本発明の場合には、続く複数個の第二円すいころの組付け作業を、被組立品の向きを変える事なく行なった場合でも、上述した通り、組立時にこれら各第二円すいころが第二内輪軌道と第二外輪軌道との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。この様に本発明の場合には、被組立品の向きを変える事なく組立作業を行なう場合でも、第一、第二各円すいころが、不正規位置に存在したまま、それぞれ第一、第二各内輪軌道と第一、第二各外輪軌道との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１〜４は、本発明の実施の形態の第１例を示している。尚、本例の特徴は、複数個の第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端面を内輪３の大鍔部２９の内側面に当接させた状態で、これら各第二円すいころ６、６を第二内輪軌道１５と第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付けられる様にする点にある。複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１ａの全体構成に就いては、前述の図８〜９に示した従来構造とほぼ同様であるから、重複する説明は省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本発明の特徴部分を中心に説明する。
【００２４】
本例の場合、第一、第二各保持器２０、２１ａはそれぞれ、前述の図８〜９に示した従来構造の場合と同様、それぞれ複数個ずつの第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を保持した状態で、これら各円すいころ５、６が直径方向外方に脱落するのを防止する構造を有する。又、上記第二保持器２１ａは、その内端部外周面に径方向外方に突出する突出部３０を、全周に亙り、或は周方向複数個所（３個所以上）等間隔位置に形成している。図２に詳示する様に、この突出部３０の自由状態での外径Ｄ₃₀は、上記各第二円すいころ６、６の転動面を上記第二内輪軌道１５に当接させると共に、これら各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端面を上記第二内輪軌道１５の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面に当接させた状態での、上記各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端部の外接円の直径ｄ₆ よりも大きく（Ｄ₃₀＞ｄ₆ ）している。
【００２５】
上述の様に構成する本例の複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１ａの組立作業は、次の様にして行なう。先ず、図３に示す様に、ハブ本体２を抑えブロック２６ａの上面に、このハブ本体２の外端部を下方に向けた状態で支持する。そして、この状態で、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を、上記第一保持器２０により、第一内輪軌道１１の周囲に脱落不能に保持する。この状態で、上記各第一円すいころ５、５は、それぞれ自重により下方に変位し、これら各第一円すいころ５、５の大径側端面（頭部）が上記第一内輪軌道１１の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面に当接した状態となる。又、上述の様に上記各第一円すいころ５、５を上記第一内輪軌道１１の周囲に保持するのに先立って、第一シールリング７を、上記ハブ本体２の中間部外周面で、上記第一内輪軌道１１とこのハブ本体２の外端部に設けたフランジ９との間部分に配置しておく。
【００２６】
次いで、この状態で、上記図３に示す様に、上記ハブ本体２の周囲に外輪４を進入させる。この進入作業は、図４に示す様に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５の外径側に上記外輪４の外半部内周面に形成した第一外輪軌道１７が位置するまで行なう。本例の場合、この様な進入作業は、上記外輪４の内端部に、後述する案内治具３１を接続した状態で行なう。そして、この様な進入作業を行なう事により、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間に組み付ける。尚、この様にして複数個の第一円すいころ５、５の組付け作業を行なう際、これら各第一円すいころ５、５の大径側端面は、それぞれ上記大鍔部２９の内側面に当接している。この為、組み付けを行なう際に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５が、不正規位置に存在したまま、上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間にくさび状に食い付く事はない。又、上述の様にハブ本体２の周囲に上記外輪４を進入させるのと同時に、この外輪４の外端部に上記第一シールリング７を装着する作業を行なう。即ち、この第一シールリング７の外側面を板状の治具３２により抑えつつ、上記ハブ本体２の周囲に上記外輪４を進入させる事により、上記第一シールリング７をこの外輪４の外端部に外嵌固定する。尚、ここまでの組立手順は、前述の図１０〜１１に示した従来方法の組立手順とほぼ同じである。
【００２７】
次いで、図４に示す様に、複数個の第二円すいころ６、６を、前記第二保持器２１ａにより、内輪３の外周面に設けた第二内輪軌道１５の周囲に脱落不能に保持した状態で、この内輪３を上記ハブ本体２の小径段部１２に外嵌する作業を行なう。そして、この様な外嵌作業を行なう事により、上記各第二円すいころ６、６を上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記外輪４の内半部内周面に形成した第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付ける。特に、本例の場合には、この内輪３の外嵌作業を、案内治具３１を使用して行なう。
【００２８】
この案内治具３１は、全体を円筒状に形成すると共に、一端部（図３〜４の下端部）に外径が小さい薄肉の嵌合筒部３３を設けている。又、この案内治具３１の内周面は、それぞれが円筒面状で互いに同心の大径部３４（内径Ｄ₃₄）及び小径部３５｛内径ｄ₃₅（＜Ｄ₃₄）｝と、これら大径部３４と小径部３５との軸方向端縁同士を連続させる円すい凹面（テーパ面）状の連続部３６とから成る。使用時に挿入側開口部で上側となる上記大径部３４の内径Ｄ₃₄は、上記第二保持器２１ａの内端部外周面に設けた突出部３０の外径Ｄ₃₀以上（Ｄ₃₄≧Ｄ₃₀）としている。一方、上記小径部３５の内径ｄ₃₅は、上記第二保持器２１ａの突出部３０の外径Ｄ₃₀よりも僅かに小さく（ｄ₃₅＜Ｄ₃₀）、且つ、上記各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端部の外接円の直径ｄ₆ 以上（ｄ₃₅≧ｄ₆ ）としている。この様な案内治具３１は、上記外輪４に対し、図３〜４に示す様に、上記嵌合筒部３３をこの外輪４の内端部にがたつきなく内嵌すると共に、この嵌合筒部３３の基端部に設けた段差面３７を上記外輪４の内端面に突き当てた状態で装着する。
【００２９】
上記内輪３を上記ハブ本体２の小径段部１２に外嵌する作業は、図４に示す様に、この内輪３の内端面（組立作業時の上端面）を押圧治具３８により下方に押圧しつつ、この内輪３を、上記案内治具３１の内側を通過させつつ行なう。この様にして内輪３を通過させる際に、上記第二保持器２１ａの内端部外周面に設けた突出部３０は、上記案内治具３１の内周面に設けた大径部３４の内側から小径部３５の内側に、円すい凹面状の連続部３６に案内されつつ進入する。この小径部３５の内径ｄ₃₅は、上記突出部３０の外径Ｄ₃₀よりも僅かに小さい（ｄ₃₅＜Ｄ₃₀）為、上述の様に突出部３０を小径部３５の内側の進入させると、この突出部３０の外周縁がこの小径部３５に、全周に亙り弾性的に（締め代を持って）当接する。尚、本例の場合、上記内輪３を上記小径段部１２に圧入する直前に、上記突出部３０が上記小径部３５の内側に進入する様に、各部の寸法を規制している。又、上記小径部３５の内径ｄ₃₅は、上記各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端部の外接円の直径ｄ₆ 以上（ｄ₃₅≧ｄ₆ ）である為、これら各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端部が上記小径部３５に弾性的（締め代を持って）に当接する事はない。
【００３０】
上述の様に突出部３０を小径部３５の内側に進入させた状態から更に、上記内輪３を上記小径段部１２に向けて押し込むと、上記突出部３０の外周縁と上記小径部３５との当接部に、摺動に基づく摩擦力が作用する。そして、この摩擦力に基づき、上記第二保持器２１ａ及びこの第二保持器２１ａにより保持した上記各第二円すいころ６、６が上記内輪３に対し、この内輪３の押し込み方向後方に相対変位し、これら各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端面が、前記第二内輪軌道１５の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面と当接する。そして、この状態で、上記内輪３を上記小径段部１２に外嵌する事により、上記各第二円すいころ６、６を、上記第二内輪軌道１５と前記外輪４の内半部内周面に設けた第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付ける。この様に、本例の場合には、上記各第二円すいころ６、６の大径側端面を上記大鍔部２９の内側面に当接させた状態で、これら各第二円すいころ６、６を上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付ける事ができる。この為、組み付けを行なう際に、上記各第二円すいころ６、６が、不正規位置に存在したまま、上記第二内輪軌道１５と上記第二外輪軌道１８との間にくさび状に食い付く事を防止できる。
【００３１】
上述の様にして、各第二円すいころ６、６の組付作業が完了したならば、次いで、上記外輪４の内端部から前記案内治具３１を取り外し、更に、図１に示す様に、上記内輪３の内端部外周面と上記外輪４の内端部内周面との間に、第二シールリング８を装着する。
【００３２】
上述した通り、本例の場合には、第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を、それぞれ第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５と第一、第二各外輪軌道１７、１８との間に、くさび作用による食い付きを生じさせる事なく組み付ける事ができる。この為、上記各円すいころ５、６を正規位置に移動させる為に行なう、組み立て後の馴らし運転時間を短くできる他、場合によっては馴らし運転そのものを省略する事も可能になる。特に、本例の場合には、上述の様な各円すいころ５、６の組付作業を、被組立品の外端部を下方に向けたまま（即ち、被組立品の向きを変える事なく）行なえる。この為、組立作業の容易化と作業設備の簡略化とを図れる。
【００３３】
次に、図５〜７は、本発明の実施の形態の第２例を示している。本例の場合、第一保持器２０ａとして、複数個の第一円すいころ５、５を保持した状態で、これら各第一円すいころ５、５が直径方向内方に脱落するのを防止する構造を有するものを使用する。尚、この様な機能を持った第一保持器２０ａの具体的構造に就いては、例えば特開２０００−６５０４９号公報に記載される等により従来から各種のものが知られており、本発明の特徴部分でもない為、詳しい説明は省略する。又、本例の場合、ハブ本体２の中間部外周面と外輪４の外端部内周面との間部分を密閉する第一シールリング７ａとして、この外輪４の外端部に内嵌固定するものを使用している。
【００３４】
上述の様な構成に関する、本例の複列円すいころ軸受ユニット１ｂの組立作業は、次の様にして行なう。先ず、図６に示す様に、ハブ本体２を抑えブロック２６ａの上面に、このハブ本体２の外端部を下方に向けた状態で支持する。又、外輪４の外半部内周面に形成した第一外輪軌道１７の内径側に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を、上記第一保持器２０ａにより保持した状態で配置すると共に、上記外輪４の外端部に上記第一シールリング７ａを内嵌固定する。そして、この状態で、上記外輪４を上記ハブ本体２の周囲に進入させる。この進入作業は、図７に示す様に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５の内径側に上記ハブ本体２の中間部外周面に形成した第一内輪軌道１１が位置し、且つ、上記第一シールリング７ａが、上記ハブ本体２の表面のうち、フランジ９と第一内輪軌道１１との間部分に全周に亙って当接するまで行なう。そして、この様な進入作業を行なう事により、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間に組み付ける。
【００３５】
尚、上記図６に示す様に、上述の様な進入作業の際、上記各第一円すいころ５、５及び上記第一保持器２０ａは、自重により、上記第一シールリング７ａに当接するまで下方に変位する。この為、この進入作業に基づいて、上記各第一円すいころ５、５を上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間に組み付ける際には、これら各第一円すいころ５、５の転動面がこれら両軌道１１、１７同士の間に挟持されるよりも先に、これら各第一円すいころ５、５の大径側端面が上記内輪軌道１１の大径側端部に形成した大鍔部２９の内側面と当接する。この為、組み付けを行なう際に、上記各第一円すいころ５、５が、不正規位置に存在するまま、上記第一内輪軌道１１と上記第一外輪軌道１７との間にくさび状に食い付く事はない。
【００３６】
又、本例の場合、続く組立作業、即ち、図７に示す様に、案内治具３１及び押圧治具３８を使用して内輪３を上記ハブ本体２の小径段部１２に外嵌する作業（複数個の第二円すいころ６、６を第二内輪軌道１５と第二外輪軌道１８との間に組み付ける作業）並びに第二シールリング８の組付作業は、それぞれ上述した第１例の場合と同様にして行なう。
【００３７】
上述した様な本例の場合も、第一、第二各円すいころ５、６を、それぞれ第一、第二各内輪軌道１１、１５と第一、第二各外輪軌道１７、１８との間に、くさび作用による食い付きを生じさせる事なく組み付ける事ができる。この為、組み立て後の馴らし運転時間を短く、或は省略できる。又、本例の場合も、上述の様な各円すいころ５、６の組付作業を、被組立品の外端部を下方に向けたまま（即ち、被組立品の向きを変える事なく）行なえる。この為、組立作業の容易化と作業設備の簡略化とを図れる。
【００３８】
尚、本発明は、図示の実施の形態に限らず、各種構造で実施できる。例えば、ハブ本体の内端部に形成したかしめ部により内輪の軸方向内端面を抑え付ける構造で実施する事もできる。又、外輪の外周面には、必ずしも外向フランジ状の取付部を形成しなくても良い。この外輪の外周面を単なる円筒面として、この外輪をナックル等の懸架装置の構成部材の一部に形成した取付孔に内嵌し、止め輪等により抜け止めを図る構造を採用する事もできる。更には、図示の様な駆動輪用の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットに限らず、ハブ本体の中心部にスプライン孔を持たない、従動輪用の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットで実施する事もできる。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
本発明の複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの組立方法は、以上に述べた通り構成され作用するので、組み立て完了後の馴染み運転時間を短く、更には省略できるだけでなく、組立作業の容易化と作業設備の簡略化とを図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の第１例を、完成後の状態で示す断面図。
【図２】複数個の第二円すいころ及び第二保持器を装着した内輪の断面図。
【図３】第一内輪軌道の周囲に複数個の第一円すいころを、第一保持器により保持した後、外輪をハブ本体と組み合わせる直前の状態を示す断面図。
【図４】第二内輪軌道の周囲に複数個の第二円すいころを、第二保持器により保持した後、内輪をハブ本体の小径段部に外嵌する直前の状態を示す断面図。
【図５】本発明の実施の形態の第２例を、完成後の状態で示す断面図。
【図６】第一外輪軌道の内径側に複数個の第一円すいころを、第一保持器により保持した後、外輪をハブ本体と組み合わせる直前の状態を示す断面図。
【図７】第二内輪軌道の周囲に複数個の第二円すいころを、第二保持器により保持した後、内輪をハブ本体の小径段部に外嵌する直前の状態を示す断面図。
【図８】従来から知られている複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの１例を示す断面図。
【図９】図８の右方から見た半部側面図。
【図１０】組立作業の最初の工程を示す断面図。
【図１１】同じく次の工程を示す断面図。
【図１２】同じく更に次の工程を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
１、１ａ、１ｂ複列円すいころ軸受ユニット
２ハブ本体
３内輪
４外輪
５第一円すいころ
６第二円すいころ
７、７ａ第一シールリング
８第二シールリング
９フランジ
１０第一列の円すいころ軸受
１１第一内輪軌道
１２小径段部
１３スプライン孔
１４第二列の円すいころ軸受
１５第二内輪軌道
１６段差面
１７第一外輪軌道
１８第二外輪軌道
１９取付部
２０、２０ａ第一保持器
２１、２１ａ第二保持器
２２ポケット
２３柱部
２４小鍔部
２５スタッド
２６、２６ａ抑えブロック
２７治具
２８通孔
２９大鍔部
３０突出部
３１案内治具
３２治具
３３嵌合筒部
３４大径部
３５小径部
３６連続部
３７段差面
３８押圧治具[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a double row tapered roller used as a hub unit for an automobile for rotatably supporting a wheel of an automobile with respect to a suspension device, for example. Improved method of assembling the bearing unit About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The wheels of the automobile are rotatably supported by the rolling bearings with respect to the suspension device. Further, a heavy automobile wheel is rotatably supported with respect to the suspension device by a double-row tapered roller bearing unit. As an invention relating to such a double-row tapered roller bearing unit, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-94902 describes a structure as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9 and an assembling method as shown in FIGS. . Among these, the double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1 shown in FIGS. 8 to 9 includes a hub body 2, an inner ring 3, an outer ring 4, and a plurality of first tapered rollers 5, 5 and a second tapered roller. 6, 6, a first seal ring 7, and a second seal ring 8.
[0003]
Of these, the hub body 2 has an axially outer end (outside with respect to the axial direction is the outer side in the width direction of the automobile and is the left side of FIGS. 1, 2, 5, and 8. FIGS. The lower side of 12 is the same throughout this specification.) A flange 9 for supporting the wheel is formed on the outer peripheral surface. Further, a conical convex first inner ring raceway 11 for forming the first row tapered roller bearings 10 is directly formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2. Further, the inner end of the hub body 2 in the axial direction (the inner side in the axial direction is the center side in the width direction of the automobile and is the right side of FIGS. 1, 2, 5, and 8. FIGS. The upper side of 12 is the same throughout this specification.) A small-diameter step 12 is provided on the outer peripheral surface. The outer peripheral surface of the small diameter step portion 12 is a cylindrical surface concentric with the hub body 2. The illustrated example shows a double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1 for supporting the drive wheels. For this purpose, the end of the drive shaft is spline-engaged with the central portion of the hub body 2. A spline hole 13 is provided.
[0004]
Further, the inner ring 3 is formed with a conical convex second inner ring raceway 15 on the outer peripheral surface for constituting the second row tapered roller bearings 14, and the outer ring 3 is externally attached to the small-diameter step portion 12 of the hub body 2. It is fitted and fixed. The inclination direction of the second inner ring raceway 15 and the inclination direction of the first inner ring raceway 11 are opposite to each other. The inner end of the inner ring 3 in the axial direction is such that the outer end face of the inner ring 3 is in contact with the stepped surface 16 provided at the outer end of the small diameter step 12 in the axial direction. It protrudes slightly from the inner end face in the direction. In the assembled state to the automobile, the stepped portion formed on the end surface of the constant velocity joint (not shown) or the end portion of the drive shaft (not shown) is formed on the inner end surface of the inner ring 3 in the axial direction. And the inner ring 3 is prevented from coming out of the small diameter step portion 12.
[0005]
Further, on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4, first and second outer ring raceways 17 and 18 each having a conical concave shape are formed to constitute the first and second rows of tapered roller bearings 10 and 14, respectively. is doing. The inclination directions of the first and second outer ring raceways 17 and 18 are opposite to each other in accordance with the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15. Further, an outward flange-shaped mounting portion 19 for fixing the outer ring 4 to a suspension device (not shown) is provided at the axially intermediate portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4.
[0006]
The plurality of first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are arranged between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 in a state where the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are rotatably held by the first cage 20. Yes. On the other hand, the plurality of second tapered rollers 6, 6 are held between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 in a state in which the plurality of second tapered rollers 6, 6 are rotatably held by the second cage 21. It is arranged.
[0007]
Each of the first and second retainers 20 and 21 holds the plurality of first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6, and each of the tapered rollers 5 and 6 is diametrically outward. It has a structure that prevents it from falling off. That is, each of the first and second cages 20 and 21 is formed by injection molding an elastic synthetic resin so as to be formed into a partial conical cylindrical shape, and a plurality of pockets 22 are respectively provided in the circumferential direction. And column portions 23 are alternately provided. The tapered rollers 5 and 6 are arranged in the pockets 22 so as to be freely rollable. Further, the outer peripheral surface of each of the column portions 23 is positioned outward in the diameter direction from the pitch circle of the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6. And the width | variety regarding the circumferential direction of the outer diameter side opening part of each said pocket 22 is made smaller than the diameter of each said tapered roller 5,6.
[0008]
Therefore, the operation of storing the tapered rollers 5 and 6 in the pockets 22 is performed from the inner diameter side of the first and second cages 20 and 21. When the tapered rollers 5 and 6 are stored in the pockets 22 and the hub body 2 and the inner ring 3 are inserted on the inner diameter side of the tapered rollers 5 and 6, the tapered rollers 5 and 6 are Each pocket 22 is held in a state of being prevented from falling off. Further, a small flange portion 24 protruding outward in the diameter direction is formed at the small diameter side end portion of the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15. The tapered rollers 5 and 6 and the cages 20 and 21 are assembled around the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15 in a set state. When each of the tapered rollers 5 and 6 passes through the small flange portion 24 formed at the small-diameter end of each of the inner ring raceways 11 and 15, the tapered rollers 5 and 6 run on the small flange portion 24. Thus, the cages 20 and 21 are elastically deformed so as to expand toward the outer diameter side. Therefore, in the state where the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are arranged around the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15, the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are in the axial direction. It will not be inadvertently displaced.
[0009]
The first seal ring 7 is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the outer end portion of the outer ring 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2, and the second seal ring 8 is provided on the inner periphery of the inner end portion of the outer ring 4. The surface and the inner end 3 outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 are assembled in a sealed state. In the illustrated example, a single seal ring is used as the first seal ring 7, and a combined seal ring is used as the second seal ring 8.
[0010]
Next, a method for assembling the double row tapered roller bearing unit 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 10, with the outer end of the hub body 2 facing downward, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are moved by the first cage 20 to the outer periphery of the hub body 2. The first inner ring raceway 11 is held on the outer diameter side of the surface. Prior to this, the first seal ring 7 is fitted on the hub body 2, and the first seal ring 7 is connected to the first inner ring raceway 11 on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2. It arrange | positions in the part between the said flanges 9. In this state, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are held around the hub body 2 without being separated.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 11, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are held around the intermediate portion of the hub body 2 and the first seal ring 7 is arranged. The outer ring 4 is advanced around the hub body 2. As shown in FIG. 11, this approach operation is performed until the first outer ring raceway 17 is positioned outside the first tapered rollers 5 and 5. Further, at the same time when the outer ring 4 is made to enter the periphery of the hub body 2 in this way, an operation of mounting the first seal ring 7 on the outer end portion of the outer ring 4 is performed. That is, the outer surface of the first seal ring 7 is restrained by a jig 27 fixed to the restraining block 26, and the outer ring 4 is caused to enter the periphery of the hub body 2, so that the first seal ring 7 is moved. The outer ring 4 is externally fitted and fixed. In order to perform such an external fitting operation of the first seal ring 7, through holes 28 and 28 for inserting the jig 27 are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the flange 9 of the hub body 2. ing.
[0012]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, the plurality of second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are held around the second inner ring raceway 15 by the second retainer 21, and the inner ring 3 is Insert inside the outer ring 4. Then, the inner ring 3 is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 12 of the hub body 2 in accordance with this insertion work. Finally, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 8, the second seal ring 8 is mounted between the outer peripheral surface of the inner end portion of the inner ring 3 and the inner peripheral portion of the inner end portion of the outer ring 4.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When assembling the double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1 as described above, the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively connected to the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15 and the first and second respectively. When assembled between the outer ring raceways 17 and 18, the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively connected to the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15 and the first and second outer races. It is necessary to prevent the wedges from biting between the tracks 17 and 18 (the so-called wedge action). The reason for this is that when the biting due to the rust action occurs in this way, inconveniences such as a long running time after completion of assembly occur. In order to prevent the occurrence of biting due to rust during assembly, the large-diameter end edges of the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively connected to the first and second inner ring raceways 11. The first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the large flange portions 29 and 29 formed at the large-diameter end portions of the first and second inner ring raceways. 11 and 15 and the first and second outer ring raceways 17 and 18 may be assembled.
[0014]
On the other hand, in the case of the conventional assembly method shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are connected to the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway as shown in FIGS. 17, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 arranged around the first inner ring raceway 11 are displaced downward by their own weight, and the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 have a large diameter. The side end surface (head) is in contact with the inner surface of the large collar 29 formed at the large diameter side end of the first inner ring raceway 11. For this reason, at the time of assembly, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 remain strongly in a wedge shape between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 while remaining in an irregular position other than the original position. It can prevent biting.
[0015]
On the other hand, when the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are assembled between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 as shown in FIG. The second tapered rollers 6, 6 disposed around the periphery of the second tapered rollers 6, 6 are displaced downward by their own weight, and the large-diameter side end surfaces (heads) of the second tapered rollers 6, 6 are the large diameter of the second inner ring raceway 15. In other words, the small diameter side end surfaces (tail portions) of the respective second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are formed at the small diameter side end portion of the second inner ring raceway 15 apart from the inner surface of the large collar portion 29 formed at the side end portion. It is in the state which contact | abutted to the inner surface of the gavel part 24. For this reason, at the time of assembly, there is a possibility that each of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 bites in a wedge shape between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 while remaining in an irregular position. is there.
[0016]
However, in this case, if the up-and-down direction of the product to be assembled (double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1 in the middle of assembly) is reversed (if the up-and-down direction in FIG. 12 is reversed), each of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 described above. Is displaced downward by its own weight, and the large-diameter side end surfaces of these tapered rollers 6, 6 are brought into contact with the inner surface of the large flange portion 29. Therefore, if the assembly operation is performed in this state, the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 remain wedged between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 while remaining in an irregular position. It can prevent biting.
[0017]
However, it is not preferable to reverse the up-and-down direction of the assembly target in the middle of the assembly work as described above, because this makes the assembly work troublesome and the work equipment becomes complicated.
Double row tapered roller of the present invention Assembly method of bearing unit Was invented in view of the circumstances as described above, and is intended to prevent the occurrence of biting due to the wedge action even when the assembly work is performed without changing the direction of the assembly target.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The double row tapered roller bearing unit which is the object of the assembly method of the present invention is The hub main body, the inner ring, and the outer ring each include a plurality of first tapered rollers and a plurality of second tapered rollers.
Of these, the hub body is used to configure the first row of tapered roller bearings on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate part. Inclined in the direction that the outer diameter decreases as it goes inward in the axial direction A conical convex first inner ring raceway is provided, and a small diameter step is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end.
Further, the inner ring is used to form a second row tapered roller bearing. Inclined in the direction that the outer diameter increases toward the inside in the axial direction A conical convex second inner ring raceway is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the axially outer end surface is connected to the axially outer end portion of the small-diameter stepped portion at the small-diameter stepped portion provided at the axially inner end portion of the hub body. It is fitted and fixed in a state where it abuts against the provided step surface.
The outer ring has a conical concave shape for forming the first and second rows of tapered roller bearings on the inner peripheral surface. And the closer to each other, the smaller the inner diameter is. The first and second outer ring raceways are formed and arranged around the hub body and the inner ring.
Each of the first tapered rollers is disposed between the first inner ring raceway and the first outer ring raceway in a state where the first tapered rollers are rotatably held by a first cage.
Each of the second tapered rollers is disposed between the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway in a state where the second tapered rollers are rotatably held by a second cage.
[0019]
In addition, the double row tapered roller bearing unit which is an object of the assembly method of the present invention is The pockets provided in the second cage for holding the second tapered rollers have a shape that prevents the second tapered rollers from coming out radially outward of the second cage. Is.
Further, the second cage has an axially inner end thereof abutting a rolling surface of each of the second tapered rollers against the second inner ring raceway, and a large-diameter side end surface of these second tapered rollers. In the radial direction from the circumscribed circle of the large-diameter end of each of these second tapered rollers in a state where the two are in contact with the inner surface of the large flange portion existing at the large-diameter end of the second inner ring raceway. It has a protruding portion that protrudes outward.
[0020]
And the present invention How to assemble double row tapered roller bearing units To assemble the double row tapered roller bearing unit as described above, First, a plurality of first tapered rollers are provided between the first inner ring raceway formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body and the first outer ring raceway formed on the inner peripheral surface near the outer end of the outer ring. It is arranged in the state held by. Next, in a state where the plurality of second tapered rollers are held around the second inner ring raceway by the second cage, the protruding portion provided at the inner end in the axial direction of the second cage is cylindrical. While being elastically slidably contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the guide jig configured as described above, it is fitted onto the small-diameter step portion of the hub body.
[0021]
[Action]
Double row tapered rollers of the present invention as described above Assembly method of bearing unit According to the present invention, even when the assembly work is performed in any direction, the plurality of second tapered rollers are strongly wedged between the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway during assembly. You can prevent sticking.
That is, in the case of the present invention, the operation of assembling the plurality of second tapered rollers between the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway is performed by using the second cage to attach each second tapered roller to the second inner ring raceway. The inner ring is externally fitted (pushed) into the small-diameter step portion of the hub body while being held around. In particular, in the case of the present invention, this external fitting operation is performed while elastically sliding the projecting portion provided at the inner end in the axial direction of the second cage to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide jig. Do. Therefore, based on the frictional force acting on the sliding contact portion between the protrusion and the inner peripheral surface of the guide jig, the second retainer and the second tapered rollers held by the second retainer are attached to the inner ring. On the other hand, the inner ring is relatively displaced rearward in the pushing direction. As a result, the end faces on the large diameter side of the respective second tapered rollers abut on the inner surface of the large collar formed on the large diameter end of the second inner ring raceway. For this reason, in the case of the present invention, the large-diameter side end surfaces of the plurality of second tapered rollers are brought into contact with the inner surface of the large collar portion, even when the assembly work is performed in any direction. In the state, each of these second tapered rollers can be assembled between the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway. As a result, even when the assembly work is performed in any direction, the second tapered rollers remain in the irregular positions at the time of assembly, and the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway are maintained. It is possible to prevent biting in between.
[0022]
In the case of the present invention, prior to performing the assembly work of the plurality of second tapered rollers as described above, the plurality of first tapered rollers are connected to the first inner ring raceway and the first outer ring raceway. Assembling work of each of these first tapered rollers is performed as shown in FIGS. 10 to 11 (with the outer end portion of the assembly to be directed downward), for example. These first tapered rollers can be prevented from biting in a wedge shape between the first inner ring raceway and the first outer ring raceway. Therefore, in the case of the present invention, even when the assembly operation of the following plurality of second tapered rollers is performed without changing the direction of the assembly target, as described above, each of these second tapered rollers is not assembled. It is possible to prevent the wedge-shaped biting between the second inner ring raceway and the second outer ring raceway. As described above, in the case of the present invention, even when the assembly work is performed without changing the direction of the assembly target, the first and second tapered rollers remain in the irregular positions, respectively. It is possible to prevent a wedge-like biting between each inner ring raceway and each of the first and second outer ring raceways.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 4 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of this example is that each of the second tapered rollers 6, 6 is brought into contact with the inner side surface of the large collar portion 29 of the inner ring 3 in the state where the large diameter side end surfaces of the plurality of second tapered rollers 6, 6 are in contact with each other. 6 is assembled between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18. Since the overall configuration of the double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1a is substantially the same as the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, the overlapping description is omitted or simplified. The explanation is centered.
[0024]
In the case of this example, each of the first and second cages 20 and 21a has a plurality of first and second tapered rollers 5, respectively, as in the case of the conventional structure shown in FIGS. In the state where 6 is held, each of the tapered rollers 5 and 6 has a structure for preventing the tapered rollers 5 and 6 from dropping out in the diameter direction. Further, the second cage 21a has protrusions 30 projecting radially outward on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end portion thereof, or formed at a plurality of circumferential positions (three or more locations) at equal intervals. is doing. As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the outer diameter D of the protrusion 30 in the free state. ₃₀ Are the second inner ring raceways on the rolling surfaces of the second tapered rollers 6, 6. 15 And the large diameter side end surfaces of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are in contact with the inner surface of the large flange portion 29 formed at the large diameter side end portion of the second inner ring raceway 15. The diameter d of the circumscribed circle at the large-diameter end of each of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 ₆ Larger than (D ₃₀ > D ₆ )is doing.
[0025]
The assembling work of the double-row tapered roller bearing unit 1a of this example configured as described above is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the hub body 2 is held and supported on the upper surface of the block 26a with the outer end portion of the hub body 2 facing downward. In this state, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are held around the first inner ring raceway 11 by the first cage 20 so as not to fall off. In this state, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are displaced downward by their own weights, and the large-diameter side end faces (heads) of the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are large in the first inner ring raceway 11. It will be in the state contact | abutted to the inner surface of the large collar part 29 formed in the diameter side edge part. Prior to holding the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 around the first inner ring raceway 11 as described above, the first seal ring 7 is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2. The first inner ring raceway 11 and the flange 9 provided at the outer end of the hub body 2 are arranged in advance.
[0026]
Next, in this state, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer ring 4 enters the periphery of the hub body 2. As shown in FIG. 4, this approach operation is performed until the first outer ring raceway 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer half portion of the outer ring 4 is positioned on the outer diameter side of the first tapered rollers 5 and 5. In the case of this example, such an approach operation is performed in a state where a guide jig 31 described later is connected to the inner end portion of the outer ring 4. Then, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are assembled between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 by performing such approach work. When the plurality of first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are assembled in this manner, the large-diameter side end surfaces of the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are respectively connected to the inner surface of the large flange portion 29. It is in contact. For this reason, when the assembly is performed, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 bite in a wedge shape between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 while remaining in an irregular position. There is nothing. In addition, as described above, the outer ring 4 is made to enter the periphery of the hub body 2 and at the same time, the first seal ring 7 is attached to the outer end portion of the outer ring 4. That is, while the outer surface of the first seal ring 7 is held down by the plate-shaped jig 32, the outer ring 4 enters the periphery of the hub body 2, so that the first seal ring 7 is attached to the outer ring 4. It is externally fixed to the end. The assembly procedure so far is substantially the same as the assembly procedure of the conventional method shown in FIGS.
[0027]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of second tapered rollers 6, 6 are connected to the second cage 21. a Thus, the inner ring 3 is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 12 of the hub main body 2 in a state in which the inner ring 3 is held so as not to fall off around the second inner ring raceway 15 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3. By performing such an external fitting operation, the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are formed between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner half of the outer ring 4. Assemble to. In particular, in the case of this example, the outer fitting operation of the inner ring 3 is performed using the guide jig 31.
[0028]
The guide jig 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and is provided with a thin fitting tube portion 33 having a small outer diameter at one end portion (the lower end portion in FIGS. 3 to 4). Further, the inner peripheral surface of the guide jig 31 is a cylindrical surface and is a concentric large diameter portion 34 (inner diameter D). ₃₄ ) And small diameter portion 35 {inner diameter d ₃₅ (<D ₃₄ )}, And a conical concave surface (tapered surface) -like continuous portion 36 that connects the end portions in the axial direction of the large diameter portion 34 and the small diameter portion 35. Inner diameter D of the large-diameter portion 34 that is the upper side at the insertion side opening when in use ₃₄ The second cage 21 a The outer diameter D of the protrusion 30 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end of the ₃₀ (D ₃₄ ≧ D ₃₀ ). On the other hand, the inner diameter d of the small-diameter portion 35 ₃₅ The second cage 21 a Outer diameter D of the protrusion 30 ₃₀ Slightly smaller than (d ₃₅ <D ₃₀ ) And the diameter d of the circumscribed circle at the large-diameter end of each of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6. ₆ (D ₃₅ ≧ d ₆ ). As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, such a guide jig 31 fits the fitting tube portion 33 into the inner end of the outer ring 4 without rattling as shown in FIGS. The stepped surface 37 provided at the base end portion of the joint tube portion 33 is mounted in a state where it abuts against the inner end surface of the outer ring 4.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 4, the outer ring 3 is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 12 of the hub body 2 by pressing the inner end surface (upper end surface during assembly operation) of the inner ring 3 downward by a pressing jig 38. However, this inner ring 3 is performed while passing the inside of the guide jig 31. When passing the inner ring 3 in this way, the second cage 21 a The protruding portion 30 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end portion of the guide jig 31 is guided by the conical concave continuous portion 36 from the inside of the large diameter portion 34 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the guide jig 31 to the inside of the small diameter portion 35. While entering. Inner diameter d of the small diameter portion 35 ₃₅ Is the outer diameter D of the protrusion 30 ₃₀ Slightly smaller than (d ₃₅ <D ₃₀ Therefore, when the protruding portion 30 enters the inside of the small-diameter portion 35 as described above, the outer peripheral edge of the protruding portion 30 is elastically applied to the small-diameter portion 35 over the entire circumference (with a tightening margin). Touch. In the case of this example, the dimensions of each part are regulated so that the protruding part 30 enters the inside of the small diameter part 35 immediately before the inner ring 3 is press-fitted into the small diameter step part 12. The inner diameter d of the small diameter portion 35 ₃₅ Is the diameter d of the circumscribed circle at the end of the large diameter side of each of the second tapered rollers 6, 6. ₆ (D ₃₅ ≧ d ₆ Therefore, the large diameter side end portions of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 do not elastically contact the small diameter portion 35 (with a tightening margin).
[0030]
When the inner ring 3 is further pushed toward the small-diameter step portion 12 from the state in which the protruding portion 30 enters the inside of the small-diameter portion 35 as described above, the outer peripheral edge of the protruding portion 30 and the small-diameter portion 35 are A frictional force based on sliding acts on the contact portion. Based on this frictional force, the second cage 21 a And the second cage 21 a The second tapered rollers 6, 6 held by the inner ring 3 are relatively displaced with respect to the inner ring 3 in the pushing direction of the inner ring 3, and the end faces on the large diameter side of the second tapered rollers 6, 6 are The inner ring raceway 15 abuts against the inner side surface of the large collar portion 29 formed at the large-diameter side end portion. Then, in this state, the inner ring 3 is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 12 so that the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 are placed on the inner peripheral surface of the second inner ring raceway 15 and the inner half of the outer ring 4. It is assembled between the provided second outer ring raceway 18. Thus, in the case of this example, in the state where the large-diameter side end surface of each of the second tapered rollers 6, 6 is in contact with the inner surface of the large flange portion 29, each of these second tapered rollers 6, 6 can be assembled between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18. For this reason, when the assembly is performed, the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 bite in a wedge shape between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18 while remaining in an irregular position. You can prevent things.
[0031]
When the assembly operation of the second tapered rollers 6 and 6 is completed as described above, the guide jig 31 is then removed from the inner end of the outer ring 4 and, as shown in FIG. The second seal ring 8 is mounted between the inner end portion outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 and the inner end portion inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4.
[0032]
As described above, in this example, the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively connected to the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15 and the first and second outer ring raceways 17 and 18, respectively. In the meantime, it can be assembled without causing biting by the wedge action. For this reason, in addition to shortening the habituation operation time after assembling performed to move the tapered rollers 5 and 6 to the normal position, it is possible to omit the habituation operation itself in some cases. In particular, in the case of this example, the assembling work of the tapered rollers 5 and 6 as described above is performed with the outer end portion of the assembly target facing downward (that is, without changing the orientation of the assembly target product). ) Yes. For this reason, it is possible to facilitate the assembly work and simplify the work equipment.
[0033]
Next, FIGS. 5 to 7 show a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the first cage 20a As In a state where the plurality of first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are held, each of the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 has a structure that prevents the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 from falling off inward in the diameter direction. Use things . In addition, regarding the specific structure of the first cage 20a having such a function, various types have been conventionally known, for example, as described in JP-A-2000-65049. Since it is not a characteristic part of, detailed explanation is omitted. In the case of this example, a first seal ring 7 a that seals a portion between the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 is fitted and fixed to the outer end of the outer ring 4. I am using something.
[0034]
As described above Regarding the configuration The assembly work of the double row tapered roller bearing unit 1b of this example is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 6, the hub body 2 is held and supported on the upper surface of the block 26a with the outer end portion of the hub body 2 facing downward. The first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are arranged on the inner diameter side of the first outer ring raceway 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer half of the outer ring 4 while being held by the first cage 20a. The first seal ring 7 a is fitted and fixed to the outer end portion of the outer ring 4. In this state, the outer ring 4 is allowed to enter the periphery of the hub body 2. 7, the first inner ring raceway 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub body 2 is positioned on the inner diameter side of the first tapered rollers 5 and 5, and the entry operation is performed as shown in FIG. One seal ring 7a is Hub body 2 This is performed until the entire surface is in contact with the portion between the flange 9 and the first inner ring raceway 11. Then, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are assembled between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 by performing such approach work.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 6, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 and the first retainer 20a are brought into contact with the first seal ring 7a by their own weight during the above-described entry work. Displaces downward. For this reason, when the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are assembled between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 based on the approach work, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 Before the rolling surface of 5 is clamped between these raceways 11 and 17, the large-diameter side end surfaces of these first tapered rollers 5 and 5 are at the large-diameter side end of the inner ring raceway 11. It contacts the inner side surface of the formed large collar part 29. For this reason, when assembling, the first tapered rollers 5 and 5 bite in a wedge shape between the first inner ring raceway 11 and the first outer ring raceway 17 while being present at the irregular positions. There is nothing.
[0036]
In the case of this example, the following assembly work, that is, the work of externally fitting the inner ring 3 to the small-diameter step portion 12 of the hub body 2 using the guide jig 31 and the pressing jig 38 as shown in FIG. (Work for assembling the plurality of second tapered rollers 6 and 6 between the second inner ring raceway 15 and the second outer ring raceway 18) and the work for assembling the second seal ring 8 are respectively in the case of the first example described above. Perform in the same way.
[0037]
Also in the case of this example as described above, the first and second tapered rollers 5 and 6 are respectively connected between the first and second inner ring raceways 11 and 15 and the first and second outer ring raceways 17 and 18, respectively. In addition, it can be assembled without causing biting due to the wedge action. For this reason, the running-in time after assembly can be shortened or omitted. Also in the case of this example, assembling work of the tapered rollers 5 and 6 as described above is performed with the outer end portion of the assembly target facing downward (that is, without changing the orientation of the assembly target product). Yes. For this reason, it is possible to facilitate the assembly work and simplify the work equipment.
[0038]
The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and can be implemented with various structures. For example, it can also be implemented with a structure in which the inner end surface in the axial direction of the inner ring is suppressed by a caulking portion formed at the inner end portion of the hub body. Further, it is not always necessary to form an outward flange-shaped mounting portion on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is a simple cylindrical surface, and the outer ring is fitted in a mounting hole formed in a part of a structural member of a suspension device such as a knuckle and is prevented from coming off by a retaining ring or the like. . Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the double-row tapered roller bearing unit for driving wheels as shown in the figure, but can be implemented by a double-row tapered roller bearing unit for driven wheels that does not have a spline hole at the center of the hub body.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
Double row tapered roller of the present invention Assembly method of bearing unit Since it is configured and operates as described above, the familiar operation time after completion of the assembly can be shortened and further omitted, and the assembly operation can be simplified and the work equipment can be simplified.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of an embodiment of the invention in a completed state.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an inner ring equipped with a plurality of second tapered rollers and a second cage.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately before the outer ring is combined with the hub body after a plurality of first tapered rollers are held by the first cage around the first inner ring raceway.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately before a plurality of second tapered rollers are held around a second inner ring raceway by a second cage and immediately before the inner ring is externally fitted to a small diameter step portion of the hub body.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a second example of the embodiment of the invention in a state after completion.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately after the plurality of first tapered rollers are held by the first cage on the inner diameter side of the first outer ring raceway and immediately before the outer ring is combined with the hub body.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately before a plurality of second tapered rollers are held around a second inner ring raceway by a second cage and immediately before the inner ring is externally fitted to a small diameter step portion of the hub body.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventionally known double row tapered roller bearing unit.
FIG. 9 is a side view of a half portion seen from the right side of FIG.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the first step of assembly work.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the next step in the same manner.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the next step in the same manner.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1a, 1b Double row tapered roller bearing unit
2 Hub body
3 inner ring
4 outer ring
5 The first tapered roller
6 second conical roller
7, 7a First seal ring
8 Second seal ring
9 Flange
10 Tapered roller bearings in the first row
11 First inner ring raceway
12 Small diameter step
13 Spline hole
14 Second row tapered roller bearing
15 Second inner ring raceway
16 Stepped surface
17 First outer ring raceway
18 Second outer ring raceway
19 Mounting part
20, 20a First cage
21, 21a Second cage
22 pockets
23 pillar
24 Koisobe
25 Stud
26, 26a Retaining block
27 Jig
28 through holes
29 Oisobe
30 Protrusion
31 Guide jig
32 Jig
33 Fitting cylinder
34 Large diameter part
35 Small diameter part
36 continuous parts
37 Stepped surface
38 Pressing jig

Claims

中間部外周面に第一列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、軸方向内方に向かう程外径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した円すい凸面状の第一内輪軌道を、内端部外周面に小径段部を、それぞれ設けたハブ本体と、第二列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、軸方向内方に向かう程外径が大きくなる方向に傾斜した円すい凸面状の第二内輪軌道を外周面に形成し、上記ハブ本体の小径段部に、軸方向外端面をこの小径段部の軸方向外端部に設けた段差面に突き当てた状態で外嵌固定した内輪と、内周面に上記第一、第二列の円すいころ軸受を構成する為の、それぞれが円すい凹面状で、互いに近付く程内径が小さくなる方向に傾斜した第一、第二外輪軌道を形成し、上記ハブ本体及び内輪の周囲に配置した外輪と、第一保持器により転動自在に保持した状態で上記第一内輪軌道と上記第一外輪軌道との間に配置した複数個の第一円すいころと、第二保持器により転動自在に保持した状態で上記第二内輪軌道と上記第二外輪軌道との間に配置した複数個の第二円すいころとを備え、上記各第二円すいころを保持する為に上記第二保持器に設けた各ポケットは、これら各第二円すいころがこの第二保持器の径方向外方に抜け出るのを防止する形状を有するものであり、且つ、この第二保持器はその軸方向内端部に、上記各第二円すいころの転動面を上記第二の内輪軌道に当接させると共にこれら各第二円すいころの大径側端面をそれぞれ上記第二内輪軌道の大径側端部に存在する大鍔部の内側面に当接させた状態での、これら各第二円すいころの大径側端部の外接円よりも径方向外方に突出する突出部を有するものである複列円すいころ軸受ユニットを組み立てる方法であって、上記ハブ本体の中間部外周面に形成した上記第一内輪軌道と上記外輪の外端寄り部内周面に形成した上記第一外輪軌道との間に上記複数個の第一円すいころを、上記第一保持器により保持した状態で配置し、次いで、上記内輪を、上記複数個の第二円すいころを上記第二保持器により上記第二内輪軌道の周囲に保持した状態で、この第二保持器の軸方向内端部に設けた突出部を筒状に構成した案内治具の内周面に弾性的に摺接させつつ上記ハブ本体の小径段部に外嵌する、複列円すいころ軸受ユニットの組立方法。 A conical convex first inner ring raceway that is inclined in a direction in which the outer diameter decreases toward the inner side in the axial direction to form a first row tapered roller bearing on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion, on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end portion. The second inner ring raceway having a conical convex shape that is inclined in a direction in which the outer diameter increases toward the inner side in the axial direction to form a hub body and a second row of tapered roller bearings each provided with a small-diameter stepped portion. An inner ring formed on the outer peripheral surface, and externally fixed to the small diameter step portion of the hub body with the axial outer end surface abutting against the step surface provided on the axial outer end portion of the small diameter step portion; Forming the first and second rows of tapered roller bearings on the surface , the first and second outer ring raceways each having a conical concave shape and inclined in a direction in which the inner diameter decreases as they approach each other , and the hub The outer ring placed around the main body and the inner ring, and the first retainer were held so as to roll freely. A plurality of first tapered rollers disposed between the first inner ring raceway and the first outer ring raceway, and the second inner ring raceway and the second and a plurality of second circle tapered roller arranged between the outer ring raceway, each pocket provided on the second retainer to hold the rollers pyramid above the second circle, the respective second circle tapered roller is this The second cage has a shape that prevents the second cage from coming out radially outward, and the second cage has the rolling surface of each of the second tapered rollers at the axially inner end thereof. In contact with the second inner ring raceway and with the large diameter side end surfaces of the respective second tapered rollers in contact with the inner side surface of the large collar portion existing at the large diameter side end portion of the second inner ring raceway. The protrusions projecting radially outward from the circumscribed circle of the large diameter end of each of these second tapered rollers Parts and has a a method of assembling a double row tapered roller bearing unit, the first formed in the outer end toward the inner peripheral surface of the first inner ring raceway and the outer ring formed in the intermediate portion outer peripheral surface of the hub body The plurality of first tapered rollers are arranged in a state of being held by the first cage between one outer ring raceway, and then the inner ring and the plurality of second tapered rollers are arranged in the second cage. In this state, the protrusion provided at the inner end in the axial direction of the second cage is elastically brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide jig. A method for assembling a double-row tapered roller bearing unit that is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion of the hub body .