JP3968994B2 - Impact rotary tool - Google Patents

Impact rotary tool Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3968994B2
JP3968994B2 JP2001019221A JP2001019221A JP3968994B2 JP 3968994 B2 JP3968994 B2 JP 3968994B2 JP 2001019221 A JP2001019221 A JP 2001019221A JP 2001019221 A JP2001019221 A JP 2001019221A JP 3968994 B2 JP3968994 B2 JP 3968994B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hammer
anvil
repulsive force
rotary tool
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2001019221A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002224971A (en
Inventor
秀規 清水
穣 山田
文昭 関野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority to JP2001019221A priority Critical patent/JP3968994B2/en
Publication of JP2002224971A publication Critical patent/JP2002224971A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3968994B2 publication Critical patent/JP3968994B2/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ボルトやナット、ねじ等の締め付け作業に使用するインパクト回転工具に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
インパクト回転工具として、図3に示す形態のものがある。これは駆動軸2の外周面に形成したV字形の溝20とハンマー1の内周面に形成した前後方向の溝11とにわたって鋼製のボール15を係合させて、該ボール15によって駆動軸2に対してハンマー1を軸方向に所定距離だけ移動自在とするとともに軸回りについても軸方向移動を伴いつつ所定距離だけ移動自在としたもので、このハンマー1はばね4によって前方側へと付勢している。またハンマー1の先端面には出力軸であるアンビル3に設けた被打撃部30に打撃衝撃を加えてアンビル3を回転させるための突起部10を設けてある。
【0003】
モータ9の回転を太陽ギア8と遊星ギア6とインターナルギア5とからなる遊星機構で減速して、上記遊星ギア6のための支持軸7を備えている駆動軸2を回転させれば、負荷が小さい間は駆動軸2からハンマー1を介してアンビル3にそのまま回転が伝達されるが、負荷が大きくなってくると、ハンマー1はばね4に抗した後退と、ばね4による付勢を受けた状態での回転しながらの前進とを交互に行うものであり、そして前進時にハンマー1はその打撃衝撃をアンビル3に回転力として与える。
【0004】
このようなインパクト回転工具において、ばね4には素線径が一定で且つ巻き径及びピッチも一定となっている線形のばね定数を備えたものが用いられており、これ故に、このインパクト回転工具の締め付けトルクは、ハンマー1の重量と大きさ、及びばねのばね定数及び自然長で決定されるものとなっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ここにおいて、ばね4のばね力を小さくすると、木ねじの締め付け時のように対象部材が柔らかい場合は締め付け速度が速くなるが、ボルト締め付け時のように対象部材が硬い場合には、ハンマーが十分に付勢されずに後退しすぎて駆動軸と干渉してしまうことがある上に、締め付け最大トルクが低下してしまう。逆にばね4のばね力を大きくすると、軽作業時にインパクト動作を得ることができなくなってしまう。
【0006】
本発明はこのような点に鑑みなされたものであって、その目的とするところは対象部材が柔らかい場合には高速で作業を行うことができる上に対象部材が硬い場合には十分なトルクを発生させることができるインパクト回転工具を提供するにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
しかして本発明に係る電動工具は、モータ出力で回転駆動される駆動軸に追従して回転するハンマーと、出力部としてのアンビルと、弾性体によってアンビルに向けて付勢されている上記ハンマーに駆動軸の回転に伴ってアンビルを打撃する動作を行わせるカム機構とを備えたインパクト回転工具において、ハンマーをアンビルに向けて付勢することになる磁気反発力を発生するとともにハンマーの軸方向位置によって磁気反発力を変化させる磁性体を備えており、上記磁性体はハンマーとハンマーの対向位置とに夫々円周に沿って異極が交互に並ぶように着磁されて配置された永久磁石で形成されて、ハンマーの軸回り位置によっても永久磁石間の磁気反発力を変化させているものであることに特徴を有している。磁性体によってハンマーの付勢力であるばね荷重がハンマーの軸方向位置によって大きく変化するようにしたものであり、またハンマーの軸回り位置によっても磁気反発力が変化するようにすることで、磁気反発力の変化をさらに大きくしたものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を実施の形態の一例に基づいて詳述すると、図1において、基本的構成は上記従来例と同じであるが、ハンマー1に永久磁石46を設けるとともに、このハンマー1との対向面でハンマー1が後退すると接近する位置に永久磁石45を固定しており、さらに両永久磁石45,46は同極同士が対向するようにしてある。
【0009】
ハンマー1が前進した位置にある時は、永久磁石45,46間の距離が長いために両永久磁石45,46間に働く磁気反発力はきわめて小さいが、ハンマー1が大きく後退した時には、両永久磁石45,46間に働く磁気反発力がきわめて大きくなるために、この磁気反発力とばね4の反発力との合成力はハンマー1の後退量に対して非線形の特性を持つ。
【0010】
なお、磁気反発力は距離の自乗に比例して変化することから、ハンマー1をアンビルに向けて付勢する力を磁気反発力のみで得ているもの、つまりはばね4を備えていないものであってもよい。
【0011】
この時、図2に示すように、上記永久磁石45,46として、夫々円周に沿って異極が交互に並ぶように着磁されたものを用いるとともに、永久磁石45が駆動軸2と共に回転するようにしておき、ハンマー1がアンビル3に接している時(打撃発生時)には図2(a)に示すように永久磁石45,46の異極同士が対向して吸引力(距離の点から微小となる)が作用し、ハンマー1がアンビル3から離れて大きく後退すると、後退に伴うハンマー1の回転によって、図2(b)に示すように永久磁石45,46の同極同士が対向して反発力が作用するようにしておくことで、磁気反発力の変化をさらに大きくすることができる。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明においては、ハンマーをアンビルに向けて付勢することになる磁気反発力を発生するとともにハンマーの軸方向位置によって磁気反発力を変化させる磁性体を備えているために、ハンマーをアンビルに向けて付勢する力をハンマーの軸方向位置によって大きく変化させることが軽負荷時には高速の締め付けを行うことができ、重負荷時には十分なトルクを発生させることができる。
【0013】
しかも上記磁性体として、ハンマーとハンマーの対向位置とに夫々円周に沿って異極が交互に並ぶように着磁された永久磁石を配置して、ハンマーの軸回り位置に応じて永久磁石間の磁気反発力を変化させるようにしているために、磁気反発力の変化をさらに大きくすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の一例の部分断面図である。
【図2】同上の永久磁石の動作を示すもので、 (a)(b) は要部の斜視図である。
【図3】従来例の部分断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ハンマー
2 駆動軸
3 アンビル
4 ばね
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an impact rotary tool used for fastening work such as bolts, nuts, and screws.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There exists a thing of the form shown in FIG. 3 as an impact rotary tool. This is because a steel ball 15 is engaged with a V-shaped groove 20 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 2 and a longitudinal groove 11 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hammer 1, and the drive shaft is driven by the ball 15. 2, the hammer 1 can be moved by a predetermined distance in the axial direction, and can also be moved by a predetermined distance while moving in the axial direction. The hammer 1 is attached to the front side by a spring 4. It is fast. Further, a protrusion 10 for rotating the anvil 3 by applying a hitting impact to the hit portion 30 provided on the anvil 3 which is an output shaft is provided on the tip surface of the hammer 1.
[0003]
If the rotation of the motor 9 is decelerated by the planetary mechanism comprising the sun gear 8, the planetary gear 6 and the internal gear 5, and the drive shaft 2 provided with the support shaft 7 for the planetary gear 6 is rotated, the load When the load is small, rotation is transmitted as it is from the drive shaft 2 to the anvil 3 via the hammer 1, but when the load increases, the hammer 1 is subjected to retraction against the spring 4 and biased by the spring 4. In this state, the forward movement while rotating is alternately performed, and the hammer 1 gives the impact impact to the anvil 3 as a rotational force during the forward movement.
[0004]
In such an impact rotary tool, the spring 4 has a linear spring constant in which the wire diameter is constant and the winding diameter and pitch are also constant. The tightening torque is determined by the weight and size of the hammer 1 and the spring constant and natural length of the spring.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Here, when the spring force of the spring 4 is reduced, the tightening speed is increased when the target member is soft as in the case of tightening the wood screw, but when the target member is hard as in the bolt tightening, the hammer is sufficiently Without being biased, it may move backwards and interfere with the drive shaft, and the maximum tightening torque will decrease. On the other hand, if the spring force of the spring 4 is increased, it becomes impossible to obtain an impact operation during light work.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is that when the target member is soft, the work can be performed at high speed, and when the target member is hard, sufficient torque is provided. It is in providing the impact rotary tool which can be generated.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thus, the electric tool according to the present invention includes a hammer that rotates following a drive shaft that is driven to rotate by a motor output, an anvil as an output unit, and the hammer that is biased toward the anvil by an elastic body. In an impact rotary tool equipped with a cam mechanism that performs an operation of striking the anvil as the drive shaft rotates, a magnetic repulsive force that urges the hammer toward the anvil is generated and the axial position of the hammer The magnetic body is a permanent magnet that is magnetized and arranged so that different polarities are alternately arranged along the circumference at the opposing position of the hammer and the hammer. The magnetic repulsive force between the permanent magnets is also changed depending on the position around the axis of the hammer . The spring load, which is the urging force of the hammer, is greatly changed by the magnetic body depending on the axial position of the hammer , and the magnetic repulsive force is also changed by the position of the hammer around the axis. This is a further increase in the power change.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an example of the embodiment. In FIG. 1, the basic configuration is the same as that of the conventional example, but a permanent magnet 46 is provided on the hammer 1 and the surface facing the hammer 1. The permanent magnet 45 is fixed at a position where the hammer 1 approaches when the hammer 1 moves backward, and the permanent magnets 45 and 46 are arranged so that the same poles face each other.
[0009]
When the hammer 1 is in the advanced position, since the distance between the permanent magnets 45 and 46 is long, the magnetic repulsive force acting between the permanent magnets 45 and 46 is very small. Since the magnetic repulsive force acting between the magnets 45 and 46 becomes extremely large, the resultant force of the magnetic repulsive force and the repulsive force of the spring 4 has a non-linear characteristic with respect to the retraction amount of the hammer 1.
[0010]
Since the magnetic repulsive force changes in proportion to the square of the distance, the force that urges the hammer 1 toward the anvil is obtained only by the magnetic repulsive force, that is, the spring 4 is not provided. There may be.
[0011]
At this time, as shown in FIG. 2 , the permanent magnets 45 and 46 are magnetized so that different polarities are alternately arranged along the circumference, and the permanent magnet 45 rotates together with the drive shaft 2. When the hammer 1 is in contact with the anvil 3 (when an impact occurs), the opposite poles of the permanent magnets 45 and 46 face each other as shown in FIG. When the hammer 1 moves away from the anvil 3 and retreats greatly, the rotation of the hammer 1 caused by the retraction causes the same polarity of the permanent magnets 45 and 46 as shown in FIG. By making the repulsive force act oppositely, the change in the magnetic repulsive force can be further increased.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, since the magnetic repulsive force that urges the hammer toward the anvil is generated and the magnetic repulsive force is changed depending on the axial position of the hammer, the hammer is provided. altering significantly by the axial position of the hammer force for urging the anvil, at the time of light load can be performed tight fast, at the time of heavy load can be generated sufficient torque.
[0013]
Moreover, as the magnetic body, permanent magnets magnetized so that different polarities are alternately arranged along the circumference are arranged at the opposing positions of the hammer and the hammer, and the permanent magnets are arranged according to the position around the axis of the hammer. Since the magnetic repulsive force is changed, the change of the magnetic repulsive force can be further increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
[Figure 2] shows the operation of the permanent magnets of the same, (a) (b) is a perspective view of a main part.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional example .
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Hammer 2 Drive shaft 3 Anvil 4 Spring

Claims (1)

モータ出力で回転駆動される駆動軸に追従して回転するハンマーと、出力部としてのアンビルと、アンビルに向けて付勢されている上記ハンマーに駆動軸の回転に伴ってアンビルを打撃する動作を行わせるカム機構とを備えたインパクト回転工具において、ハンマーをアンビルに向けて付勢することになる磁気反発力を発生するとともにハンマーの軸方向位置によって磁気反発力を変化させる磁性体を備えており、上記磁性体はハンマーとハンマーの対向位置とに夫々円周に沿って異極が交互に並ぶように着磁されて配置された永久磁石で形成されて、ハンマーの軸回り位置によっても永久磁石間の磁気反発力を変化させているものであることを特徴とするインパクト回転工具。A hammer that rotates following a drive shaft that is driven to rotate by a motor output, an anvil as an output unit, and an operation that strikes the anvil as the drive shaft rotates on the hammer that is biased toward the anvil. An impact rotary tool equipped with a cam mechanism to perform is equipped with a magnetic body that generates a magnetic repulsive force that biases the hammer toward the anvil and changes the magnetic repulsive force according to the axial position of the hammer. The magnetic body is formed of permanent magnets that are magnetized and arranged so that different polarities are alternately arranged along the circumference at the opposing positions of the hammer and the hammer. An impact rotary tool characterized by changing the magnetic repulsion force between .
JP2001019221A 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Impact rotary tool Expired - Fee Related JP3968994B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001019221A JP3968994B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Impact rotary tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001019221A JP3968994B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Impact rotary tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002224971A JP2002224971A (en) 2002-08-13
JP3968994B2 true JP3968994B2 (en) 2007-08-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2001019221A Expired - Fee Related JP3968994B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2001-01-26 Impact rotary tool

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Country Link
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Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2722131B1 (en) 2007-06-15 2016-07-20 Black & Decker Inc. Hybrid impact tool
US9193053B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2015-11-24 Black & Decker Inc. Hybrid impact tool
US8631880B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2014-01-21 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with impact mechanism
US8460153B2 (en) 2009-12-23 2013-06-11 Black & Decker Inc. Hybrid impact tool with two-speed transmission
US8584770B2 (en) 2010-03-23 2013-11-19 Black & Decker Inc. Spindle bearing arrangement for a power tool
JP5584559B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2014-09-03 パナソニック株式会社 Impact rotary tool
JP2013202716A (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-07 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd Electric power tool
CN109604782B (en) * 2019-01-03 2020-10-23 辽宁工程技术大学 Method for controlling softening of welding heat affected zone of quenched and tempered steel by rotating impact along with welding
JP7373376B2 (en) * 2019-12-02 2023-11-02 株式会社マキタ impact tools

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