JP3958571B2 - Method for producing fish bun flavor oil - Google Patents

Method for producing fish bun flavor oil Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3958571B2
JP3958571B2 JP2001385637A JP2001385637A JP3958571B2 JP 3958571 B2 JP3958571 B2 JP 3958571B2 JP 2001385637 A JP2001385637 A JP 2001385637A JP 2001385637 A JP2001385637 A JP 2001385637A JP 3958571 B2 JP3958571 B2 JP 3958571B2
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Prior art keywords
fish
oil
extract
flavor
oils
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JP2001385637A
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JP2003180247A (en
Inventor
鋒 鄭
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Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、魚節類の好ましい香味を有する食用油脂の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鰹節等の魚節類は特有の風味を有しており、食品の風味を強化あるいは安定させるために、天然香料として魚節類から抽出された香味成分を加工食品に添加することが行われている。
【0003】
例えば、魚節類の香味を有する食用油脂(本発明において魚節類香味オイルという)は、▲1▼魚節類を有機溶媒で抽出する方法、▲2▼魚節類と食用油脂とを混合、撹拌することにより魚節類の香味を食用油脂に付与する方法、▲3▼魚節類を超臨界抽出し、得られた香味成分を食用油脂と混合する方法等により製造されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記▲1▼、▲2▼の方法で得られる魚節類香味オイルは、香りの質が悪く、爽快さに欠け、魚の生臭みが残ってしまい、また、上記▲3▼の方法は、得られる製品の品質はいいものの、製造工程が煩雑であり、また、設備等のコストが非常に高いという問題があった。
【0005】
したがって、本発明の目的は、魚の生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有する魚節類香味オイルを、低コスト、かつ簡単な工程で製造できる製造方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の魚節類香味オイルの製造方法は、魚節類を、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、及び塩化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれた1又は2以上の塩分を0.5〜5質量%含有するアルコール水溶液で抽出して抽出液を得る抽出工程と、前記抽出液と食用油脂とを混合攪拌して接触させて、前記抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を前記食用油脂に付与する接触工程とを含むことを特徴とする。
【0007】
本発明においては、前記アルコール水溶液アルコール濃度が30〜70容量%であることが好ましい。
【0008】
また、前記接触工程は、前記抽出液と食用油脂とを、15〜40℃の温度条件下で混合攪拌して接触させた後、静置して、油層と水層を分離する工程を含むことが好ましい。
【0009】
また、前記魚節類が、鰹節、宗田節、煮干、鯖節、メジ節、及びそれらの節削り、又はこれらの混合物から選ばれた少なくとも1種以上であることが好ましい。
【0010】
本発明によれば、塩分を含有するアルコール水溶液で魚節類を抽出することにより、生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有する魚節類エキスを得ることができる。そして、この抽出液を食用油脂と接触させて、該抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を食用油脂に付与することにより、魚の生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有する魚節類香味オイルを、低コスト、かつ簡単な製造工程で得ることができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明の魚節類香味オイルの製造方法は、魚節類を、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、及び塩化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれた1又は2以上の塩分を0.5〜5質量%含有するアルコール水溶液で抽出して抽出液を得る抽出工程と、前記抽出液と食用油脂とを混合攪拌して接触させて、前記抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を前記食用油脂に付与する接触工程とを含む。
【0012】
以下、各工程について説明する。
(1)抽出工程
本発明で用いられる塩分を含有するアルコール水溶液(以下、塩分含有アルコール水溶液という)とは、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム等の塩を含有するアルコール水溶液をいう。上記塩としては、塩化ナトリウムが特に好ましい。また、塩の含有量は0.5〜5質量%が好ましく、2.0〜5.0質量%が特に好ましい。塩の含有量が0.5質量%未満であると魚の生臭みのある抽出液が得られるため好ましくなく、5質量%超であると塩が完全に溶解しないことがある。
【0013】
また、アルコール水溶液のアルコール濃度は30〜70容量%が好ましく、30〜50容量%がより好ましい。アルコール濃度が30容量%未満であると香りの高い抽出液を得ることができず、70容量%超であると魚節中の好ましくない香りも一緒に抽出される。なお、アルコールとしては、食品製造に使用可能なものであれば特に制限はないが、エタノールが特に好ましく用いられる。
【0014】
抽出原料として用いられる魚節類は、特に制限なく用いることができるが、鰹節、鯖節、メジ節、及びそれらの節削り、節生産過程ででる副産物、又はこれらの混合物から選ばれた少なくとも1種以上が特に好ましく用いられる。なお、抽出原料は適当な手段により、粗砕、細断等してから用いることにより、抽出効率を上げることができるので好ましい。具体的には、粗砕後の大きさが6〜20メッシュのものが好ましい。
【0015】
上記原料から抽出液を得る方法は特に限定されず、バッチ式、カラム式等の公知の抽出方法を採用できる。例えば、バッチ式で抽出する場合は、原料の質量の1.5〜3.0倍量、好ましくは2.0〜2.5倍量の塩分含有アルコール水溶液を用いて、10〜45℃の温度条件下で5〜24時間抽出すればよい。抽出は、液量が少なく、撹拌できないときは静置したまま行なってもよいが、通常、撹拌しながら行なうことが好ましい(好ましい撹拌の回転速度は20〜50rpm/分)。
【0016】
なお、上記の抽出残渣は、酸加水分解エキスや酵素分解エキス等の蛋白質原料等として再利用することができる。
【0017】
(2)接触工程
本発明で用いられる食用油脂としては、10〜50℃で液体状の食用油脂であれば特に制限はなく用いることができる。このような食用油脂としては、例えば米サラダ油、大豆油、パーム油等の油脂自体の匂いが少ないものが挙げられ、中でも米サラダ油、大豆油が特に好ましく用いられる。
【0018】
上記抽出液と食用油脂との接触は、抽出液と食用油脂が分離しない程度に混合撹拌すればよく、例えば、バッチ式撹拌、連続式撹拌(ホモジナイザー)、連続向流式撹拌等により行なうことができる。なお、撹拌の回転速度は50〜150rpm/分が好ましい。
【0019】
上記の混合撹拌は15〜40℃の温度条件下で3〜16時間行なうことが好ましい。混合撹拌時間が短過ぎると、食用油脂に魚節類の香味成分を充分に付与できない。
【0020】
また、食用油脂と接触させる際には、抽出液のアルコール濃度が30容量%以下となるように、予め抽出液に水を加えて、比重を調整しておくことが好ましい。抽出液の比重が小さい(アルコール濃度が高い)と、油脂と混合撹拌した際に乳化されて油層と水層の分離効率が悪くなり、該抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を効率よく食用油脂に付与することができない場合がある。
【0021】
食用油脂の使用量は、抽出原料の魚節100質量部に対して100〜200質量部が好ましく、130〜180質量部がより好ましい。食用油脂の使用量が上記範囲より少ないと、抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を十分に付与することができず、歩留まりが低下する。一方、上記範囲より多いと、香りの弱い製品となる。
【0022】
上記のようにして、所定時間抽出液と食用油脂を混合攪拌して接触させた後、そのまま静置する、又は遠心分離等により油層と水層を分離して油層を回収することにより、魚節類香味オイルを得ることができる。本発明においては、抽出液と食用油脂を混合撹拌した後、そのまま静置して油層と水層を分離して油層を回収することが好ましい。
【0023】
なお、回収した油脂(魚節類香味オイル)は、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水して、水分をできる限り除去しておくことが好ましい。
【0024】
上記のようにして得られた魚節類香味オイルは、魚の生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有しており、例えば、カップラーメン、スープ、ドレッシング等の風味増強剤として様々な用途に好適に用いることができる。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例1
粗砕した鰹節100gに、塩分5質量%の30容量%アルコール水溶液を200ml加え、室温にて5時間静置抽出を行った後、抽出残渣を分離して抽出液を得た。そして、この抽出液に、該抽出液量の30容量%の水を加えて比重を調整した後、米サラダ油150gを加え、室温にて5時間撹拌した後、静置して油層と水層を分離し、油層を回収した。得られた油を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水後、濾紙で濾過して固形分を除去し、鰹節香味オイル130gを得た。
【0026】
実施例2
抽出溶媒として、塩分5質量%の70容量%アルコール水溶液を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして鰹節香味オイル(130g)を作った。
【0027】
比較例
粗砕した鰹節100gに、米サラダ油150gを加え、室温にて15時間静置抽出を行った後、抽出残渣を分離して抽出油を得た。この抽出油を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水後、濾紙で濾過して固形分を除去し、鰹節香味オイル100gを得た。
【0028】
各例で得られた鰹節香味オイルを用いて、香り、色について官能評価を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0003958571
【0030】
表1から、実施例の魚節類香味オイルは比較例に比べて生臭みがなく、非常に香りがよく、色もよいことが分かる。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、塩分を含有するアルコール水溶液で魚節類を抽出することにより、魚の生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有する魚節類エキスを得ることができる。そして、この抽出液を食用油脂と接触させて、該抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を食用油脂に付与することにより、魚の生臭みがなく、魚節類特有の好ましい香りを有する魚節類香味オイルを、低コスト、かつ簡単な製造工程で得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing edible fats and oils having a preferred flavor of fish.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fish buns such as bonito have a unique flavor, and in order to enhance or stabilize the flavor of food, flavor components extracted from fish buns are added to processed foods as natural fragrances. Yes.
[0003]
For example, edible fats and oils having the flavor of fish knots (referred to as fish knot flavor oils in the present invention) are: (1) a method of extracting fish knots with an organic solvent, and (2) mixing fish knots and edible fats and oils. And a method of imparting the flavor of fish knots to edible fats and oils by stirring, and (3) a method of supercritically extracting fish knots and mixing the obtained flavor components with edible fats and oils.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the fish knot flavor oil obtained by the above methods (1) and (2) has poor fragrance quality, lacks refreshment, and leaves a fresh fish odor. Although the quality of the obtained product is good, there are problems that the manufacturing process is complicated and the cost of facilities and the like is very high.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a production method capable of producing a fish scent flavor oil having no fishy odor and having a preferable scent unique to fish squirrel in a low-cost and simple process.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for producing a fish knot flavor oil according to the present invention is characterized in that the fish knot is made of 0.1 or more salt selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride . Extracting with an aqueous alcohol solution containing 5 to 5% by mass to obtain an extract, and mixing and stirring the extract and edible fats and oils to bring the flavor components of fish clauses contained in the extract into And a contact step for imparting to the edible fat.
[0007]
In this invention, it is preferable that the alcohol concentration of the said alcohol aqueous solution is 30-70 volume%.
[0008]
Moreover, the said contact process includes the process of isolate | separating an oil layer and an aqueous layer, after leaving the said extract and edible oil and fat to mix and stir on 15-40 degreeC temperature conditions, and making it contact. Is preferred.
[0009]
Also, the smoked fish such is, bonito, Sotabushi, anchovy, mackerel clause, joint section, and cutting those sections, or is preferably at least one or more selected from these mixtures.
[0010]
According to the present invention, by extracting fish buns with an aqueous alcohol solution containing salt, a fish bun extract having no odor and having a preferable scent specific to fish buns can be obtained. Then, by bringing this extract into contact with edible fats and oils and imparting the flavor components of fish knots contained in the extract to the edible fats and oils, there is no fishy odor and fish having a preferred scent specific to fish knots A noble flavor oil can be obtained by a low-cost and simple manufacturing process.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for producing a fish knot flavor oil of the present invention contains 0.5 to 5% by mass of one or more salt components selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride. An extraction step of extracting with an aqueous alcohol solution to obtain an extract, and contact for mixing and stirring the extract and edible fats and oils to give the edible fat and oil flavor components contained in the extract to the edible fats and oils Process.
[0012]
Hereinafter, each step will be described.
(1) Extraction Step The aqueous alcohol solution containing a salt used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a salt-containing alcohol aqueous solution) refers to an aqueous alcohol solution containing a salt such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or calcium chloride. As the salt, sodium chloride is particularly preferable. Moreover, 0.5-5 mass% is preferable and, as for salt content, 2.0-5.0 mass% is especially preferable. If the salt content is less than 0.5% by mass, an extract with a fishy odor can be obtained, and if it exceeds 5% by mass, the salt may not be completely dissolved.
[0013]
Moreover, 30-70 volume% is preferable and, as for the alcohol concentration of alcohol aqueous solution, 30-50 volume% is more preferable. If the alcohol concentration is less than 30% by volume, a highly fragrant extract cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 70% by volume, undesired scents in fish clauses are also extracted. The alcohol is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for food production, but ethanol is particularly preferably used.
[0014]
Fish knots used as the raw material for extraction can be used without particular limitation, but at least one selected from bonito, bonito, medusa knots, their shavings, by-products in the knot production process, or a mixture thereof. More than one species are particularly preferably used. The extraction raw material is preferably used after being roughly crushed or shredded by an appropriate means because the extraction efficiency can be increased. Specifically, those having a size of 6 to 20 mesh after crushing are preferable.
[0015]
The method for obtaining the extract from the raw materials is not particularly limited, and a known extraction method such as a batch method or a column method can be employed. For example, when extracting by a batch type, the temperature of 10-45 degreeC is used using the salt containing alcohol aqueous solution of 1.5-3.0 times amount of the mass of a raw material, Preferably 2.0-2.5 times amount. What is necessary is just to extract for 5 to 24 hours on condition. Extraction may be carried out while the liquid volume is small and stirring is not possible, but it is usually preferable to carry out stirring (preferred rotation speed of stirring is 20 to 50 rpm / min).
[0016]
In addition, said extraction residue can be reused as protein raw materials, such as an acid hydrolysis extract and an enzyme decomposition extract.
[0017]
(2) Contacting step The edible fat used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid edible fat at 10 to 50 ° C. Examples of such edible oils and fats include those having less odor of oils and fats such as rice salad oil, soybean oil and palm oil, among which rice salad oil and soybean oil are particularly preferably used.
[0018]
The extract and the edible oil / fat may be contacted by mixing and stirring to such an extent that the extract and the edible oil / fat do not separate. For example, batch-type stirring, continuous stirring (homogenizer), continuous countercurrent stirring, etc. it can. In addition, as for the rotational speed of stirring, 50-150 rpm / min is preferable.
[0019]
The above mixing and stirring is preferably performed at a temperature of 15 to 40 ° C. for 3 to 16 hours. If the mixing and stirring time is too short, the edible oils and fats cannot be sufficiently imparted with the flavor components of fish clauses.
[0020]
Moreover, when making it contact with edible fats and oils, it is preferable to adjust specific gravity by adding water to an extract beforehand so that the alcohol concentration of an extract may be 30 volume% or less. If the specific gravity of the extract is small (alcohol concentration is high), it is emulsified when mixed with oil and fat, resulting in poor separation efficiency between the oil layer and the water layer, and the fish components contained in the extract are efficiently extracted. There are cases where it cannot be applied to edible fats and oils.
[0021]
The amount of the edible oil / fat is preferably 100 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 130 to 180 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fish knot of the extraction raw material. If the amount of edible oils and fats is less than the above range, the flavor components of fish clauses contained in the extract cannot be imparted sufficiently, and the yield decreases. On the other hand, if it is more than the above range, the product has a weak fragrance.
[0022]
As described above, after mixing and stirring the extract and edible fats and oils for a predetermined time, the mixture is left to stand as it is, or the oil layer and the aqueous layer are separated by centrifugation or the like and the oil layer is recovered, thereby Similar flavor oil can be obtained. In the present invention, it is preferable to mix and stir the extract and the edible oil and fat, and then leave the mixture as it is to separate the oil layer and the aqueous layer to recover the oil layer.
[0023]
In addition, it is preferable to dehydrate the recovered fats (fish knot flavor oil) with anhydrous sodium sulfate to remove moisture as much as possible.
[0024]
The fish scent flavor oil obtained as described above has no fishy odor and has a preferable scent unique to fish sushi. For example, various flavor enhancers for cup ramen, soup, dressing, etc. It can use suitably for a use.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Example 1
To 100 g of coarsely crushed bonito, 200 ml of a 30% by volume alcohol aqueous solution having a salt content of 5% by mass was added, followed by standing extraction at room temperature for 5 hours. The extraction residue was separated to obtain an extract. And after adding 30 volume% of water of this extract to this extract and adjusting specific gravity, 150g of rice salad oil is added, and it stirs at room temperature for 5 hours, It is left still and an oil layer and a water layer are made. Separated and recovered the oil layer. The obtained oil was dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate and then filtered through a filter paper to remove the solid content, thereby obtaining 130 g of bonito flavor oil.
[0026]
Example 2
A bonito flavor oil (130 g) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 70% by volume alcohol aqueous solution having a salt content of 5% by mass was used as the extraction solvent.
[0027]
Comparative Example 150 g of rice salad oil was added to 100 g of coarsely crushed bonito and subjected to stationary extraction at room temperature for 15 hours, and then the extraction residue was separated to obtain an extracted oil. The extracted oil was dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate and then filtered through a filter paper to remove the solid content, thereby obtaining 100 g of bonito flavor oil.
[0028]
Using the bonito flavored oil obtained in each example, sensory evaluation was performed on the aroma and color. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003958571
[0030]
From Table 1, it can be seen that the fish-bowl flavor oils of the examples have no live smell, are very fragrant, and have a good color as compared with the comparative examples.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by extracting fish clauses with an aqueous alcohol solution containing salt, it is possible to obtain a fish slice extract that has no fishy odor and has a preferable scent unique to fish clauses. Can do. Then, by bringing this extract into contact with edible fats and oils and imparting the flavor components of fish knots contained in the extract to the edible fats and oils, there is no fishy odor and fish having a preferred scent specific to fish knots A noble flavor oil can be obtained by a low-cost and simple manufacturing process.

Claims (4)

魚節類を、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、及び塩化カルシウムからなる群より選ばれた1又は2以上の塩分を0.5〜5質量%含有するアルコール水溶液で抽出して抽出液を得る抽出工程と、前記抽出液と食用油脂とを混合攪拌して接触させて、前記抽出液に含まれる魚節類の香味成分を前記食用油脂に付与する接触工程とを含むことを特徴とする魚節類香味オイルの製造方法。An extraction step of obtaining fish extract from an aqueous alcohol solution containing 0.5 to 5% by mass of one or more salts selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride; And a contact step of mixing and stirring the extract and edible fats and oils to bring the flavor components of fish knots contained in the extract into the edible fats and oils. Oil production method. 前記アルコール水溶液アルコール濃度が30〜70容量%である、請求項1に記載の魚節類香味オイルの製造方法。The manufacturing method of the fish-bowl flavor oil of Claim 1 whose alcohol concentration of the said alcohol aqueous solution is 30-70 volume%. 前記接触工程は、15〜40℃の温度条件下で前記抽出液と食用油脂とを混合攪拌して接触させた後、静置して、油層と水層を分離する工程を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の魚節類香味オイルの製造方法。The contact step includes a step of mixing and stirring the extract and edible oil and fat under a temperature condition of 15 to 40 ° C., and then allowing to stand to separate an oil layer and an aqueous layer. Or the manufacturing method of the fish-bowl flavor oil of 2. 前記魚節類が、鰹節、宗田節、煮干、鯖節、メジ節、及びそれらの節削り、又はこれらの混合物から選ばれた少なくとも1種以上である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の魚節類香味オイルの製造方法。The smoked fish such is, bonito, Sotabushi, anchovy, mackerel clause, joint section, and cutting those sections, or at least one or more selected from these mixtures, any of claims 1 to 3 one The manufacturing method of the fish-bowl flavor oil as described in one.
JP2001385637A 2001-12-19 2001-12-19 Method for producing fish bun flavor oil Expired - Fee Related JP3958571B2 (en)

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JP5127049B2 (en) * 2008-03-31 2013-01-23 宝酒造株式会社 Seasoning containing seafood extract and method for producing the same
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JP6385098B2 (en) * 2014-03-27 2018-09-05 焼津水産化学工業株式会社 Method for producing flavor oil
CN103919097A (en) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-16 胡素芳 Method for making cedrela sinensis oil
JP6786029B2 (en) * 2016-08-17 2020-11-18 株式会社F・E・C How to make scented oil
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