JP3949130B2 - Ground improvement machinery and ground improvement method - Google Patents

Ground improvement machinery and ground improvement method Download PDF

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JP3949130B2
JP3949130B2 JP2004263227A JP2004263227A JP3949130B2 JP 3949130 B2 JP3949130 B2 JP 3949130B2 JP 2004263227 A JP2004263227 A JP 2004263227A JP 2004263227 A JP2004263227 A JP 2004263227A JP 3949130 B2 JP3949130 B2 JP 3949130B2
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mixing
stirring head
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stirring
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JP2006077479A (en
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昌己 牧野
浩邦 伊藤
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Kato Construction Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、地盤改良機械装置と地盤改良工法に関し、特にバックホウ等の作業系建設機械をベースマシンとして、そのベースマシンに着脱可能に支持させたトレンチャー式の混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入した上で、その混合撹拌ヘッドを少なくとも横行させることで地盤改良処理を施すようにした地盤改良機械装置と地盤改良工法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a ground improvement machine apparatus and a ground improvement method, and in particular, a trencher-type mixing agitation head that is detachably supported by a base construction machine such as a backhoe is used as a base machine. It is related with the ground improvement machine apparatus and the ground improvement construction method which performed the ground improvement process by penetrating at least the mixing stirring head.

バックホウ等の作業系建設機械をベースマシンとした地盤改良機械装置として例えば特許文献1に記載のものが提案されている。   As a ground improvement machine device using a work construction machine such as a backhoe as a base machine, for example, one described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.

この特許文献1に記載の地盤改良機械装置では、バックホウのアーム先端にヘッドケーシングを支持させるとともに、そのヘッドケーシングに昇降可能なトレンチャー式の混合撹拌ヘッドを挿入支持させ、地盤に対する混合撹拌ヘッドの一段目の貫入をバックホウの推力にて行ったならば、さらなる二段目の貫入をヘッドケーシングに付帯している昇降駆動機構の推力にて行い、これをもって混合撹拌ヘッドを所定の改良処理深度まで貫入するようになっている。
特開2004−225368号公報
In the ground improvement machine device described in Patent Document 1, a head casing is supported at the tip of an arm of a backhoe, and a trencher-type mixing and stirring head that can be moved up and down is inserted and supported in the head casing. If the penetration of the eyes is performed with the thrust of the backhoe, the second stage of penetration is performed with the thrust of the lifting drive mechanism attached to the head casing, and this allows the mixing and stirring head to penetrate to a predetermined improvement processing depth. It is supposed to be.
JP 2004-225368 A

このような従来の地盤改良機械装置では、バックホウのリーチに比べて混合撹拌ヘッドの地中貫入深度を十分に大きく確保することができる反面、ヘッドケーシングや昇降駆動機構が付帯することによって機械装置全体が複雑且つ大がかりなものとなるほか、ベースマシンであるバックホウとしても一段と能力が大きなものが必要となり、設備の経済性および機動性の面でなおも改善の余地を残している。   In such a conventional ground improvement machine device, the depth of penetration of the mixing and stirring head into the ground can be secured sufficiently larger than the reach of the backhoe, but on the other hand, the head casing and the lift drive mechanism are attached to the entire machine device. In addition to the complexity and large scale, the backhoe, which is a base machine, requires a much larger capacity, and there is still room for improvement in terms of economics and mobility of the equipment.

本発明はこのような課題に着目してなされたものであり、特に機械装置全体の複雑化や大型化を招くことなく、しかもベースマシンも小型のもので済むようにして、その上で混合撹拌ヘッドの地中貫入深度を大きく確保できるようにした地盤改良機械装置と地盤改良工法を提供するものである。   The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem. In particular, the base machine can be small without complicating or increasing the size of the entire machine, and the mixing agitation head is further reduced. It is intended to provide a ground improvement machine and a ground improvement method capable of ensuring a large depth of underground penetration.

請求項1に記載の発明は、ベースマシンに着脱可能に支持させた混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、その混合撹拌ヘッドを少なくとも水平移動させることで地盤改良処理を行う機械装置であって、ベースマシンである作業系建設機械のアーム先端に設けられ、互いに接近離間可能な少なくとも二つ一組のキャッチャを有するグリッパ機構と、上記グリッパ機構により着脱可能に把持されるとともに、フレームの上下両端部間に巻き掛けた撹拌翼付きのエンドレスなドライブチェーンを上下方向に周回駆動させるようにしたトレンチャー式の混合撹拌ヘッドと、上記フレームの長手方向に沿って二箇所以上設けられるとともに、グリッパ機構による混合撹拌ヘッドの持ち替えの際の把持対象部として選択使用され、且つフレームの長手方向で対をなす少なくとも二つ一組のグリッパシャフトをもって構成された被把持部とを備えている。
そして、上記グリッパ機構は、少なくとも二つ一組のキャッチャを同じく少なくとも二つ一組のグリッパシャフトにそれぞれ係合させた状態で所定の把持力をもって混合撹拌ヘッドを把持するようになっていることを特徴とする。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanical apparatus for performing ground improvement processing by penetrating a mixing agitation head removably supported by a base machine into the ground up to an improvement processing depth and moving the mixing agitation head at least horizontally. A gripper mechanism provided at the tip of an arm of a work system construction machine that is a base machine and having at least two pairs of catchers that can approach and separate from each other, and detachably gripped by the gripper mechanism, and a frame A trencher-type mixing and stirring head adapted to drive an endless drive chain with stirring blades wound between the upper and lower ends of the upper and lower directions, and two or more locations along the longitudinal direction of the frame, and A frame that is selected and used as a gripping target part when the mixing and stirring head is changed by the gripper mechanism. And a gripped portion that is configured with at least two pair of grippers shaft paired in the longitudinal direction.
The gripper mechanism is configured to grip the mixing and stirring head with a predetermined gripping force in a state where at least two pairs of catchers are respectively engaged with at least two pairs of gripper shafts. Features.

請求項2に記載の発明は、実質的に請求項1に記載の技術を方法として捉えたものであって、ベースマシンに着脱可能に支持させた混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、その混合撹拌ヘッドを少なくとも水平移動させることで地盤改良処理を行う方法であって、上記混合撹拌ヘッドとして、フレームの上下両端部間に巻き掛けた撹拌翼付きのエンドレスなドライブチェーンを上下方向に周回駆動させるようにしたトレンチャー式のものを使用することを前提としている。 The invention described in claim 2 substantially captures the technique described in claim 1 as a method, and penetrates the mixing agitation head removably supported by the base machine into the ground up to the improved processing depth. In this method, the ground is improved by moving the mixing agitating head at least horizontally . As the mixing agitating head, an endless drive chain with agitating blades wound between the upper and lower ends of the frame is vertically moved. It is premised on the use of a trencher type that is driven in a circular motion .

その上で、ベースマシンにて混合撹拌ヘッドの長手方向中間部分を被把持部として把持した上でその混合撹拌ヘッドを地中に貫入する一次貫入工程と、前工程にて所定深度まで地中に貫入した混合撹拌ヘッドの被把持部の位置が元の位置よりも上方側となるようにベースマシンにて把持し直した上でその混合撹拌ヘッドをさらに地中に貫入する二次貫入工程とを含んでいて、一次貫入工程と二次貫入工程またはn回の二次貫入工程の繰り返しをもって混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、それに続いて、混合撹拌ヘッドにおけるドライブチェーンの周回移動面を移動方向進行側としてその混合撹拌ヘッドを水平移動させて地盤改良処理を施すことを特徴とする。
ここに言う地盤改良処理は、周知のように掘削した土壌を例えばセメント系等の固化材と混合撹拌して地盤の強度向上を目的とするものであるから、混合撹拌ヘッドの一部から地中に固化材を同時吐出するものとする。
After that, the base machine holds the middle part in the longitudinal direction of the mixing and stirring head as a gripped part, and then the primary penetration process of penetrating the mixing and stirring head into the ground, and into the ground to a predetermined depth in the previous process. A secondary penetration step of further penetrating the mixed stirring head into the ground after re-gripping with the base machine so that the position of the gripped portion of the mixed stirring head that has penetrated is above the original position. Including the primary and secondary penetration processes or n secondary penetration processes, the mixing and stirring head penetrates into the ground to the improved processing depth, and then the drive chain orbits around the mixing and stirring head. It is characterized in that the ground improvement processing is performed by horizontally moving the mixing and agitating head with the surface as the moving direction traveling side .
The ground improvement treatment mentioned here is intended to improve the strength of the ground by mixing and stirring the excavated soil with a solidified material such as cement, as is well known. The solidified material is discharged simultaneously.

この場合、請求項3に記載のように、被把持部として機能する二箇所以上の把持結合部を混合撹拌ヘッドの長手方向に沿って設けてあるものとし、より具体的には、請求項4に記載のように、被把持部として機能する二箇所以上の把持結合部を上記混合撹拌ヘッドにおけるフレームの長手方向に沿って設けてあるものとする。 In this case, as described in claim 3 , two or more grip coupling portions that function as gripped portions are provided along the longitudinal direction of the mixing and stirring head, and more specifically, claim 4. as described, it is assumed that the grip coupling portion of two or more points which function as the bunch sandwiching member is provided along the longitudinal direction of the frame in the mixing and stirring head.

さらに、ベースマシンは請求項5に記載のようにバックホウ等の作業系建設機械とし、そのアームの先端に混合撹拌ヘッド側の被把持部を把持する把持手段を備えているものとする。 Further, the base machine is a working construction machine such as a backhoe as described in claim 5, and is provided with a gripping means for gripping a gripped portion on the side of the mixing and stirring head at the tip of the arm.

したがって、少なくとも請求項1,2に記載の発明では、ベースマシン側の把持手段が混合撹拌ヘッド側の被把持部を例えば一方の位置から他方の位置へと持ち替えるべく把持し直せば、その被把持部から混合撹拌ヘッドの先端位置までの有効長さが変化することになる。 Thus, in the invention according to at least claim 1, if the gripped portion of the gripping means of the base machine side mixture stirred head side, for example, from one position able to re gripping Rubeku dimensional worlds to the other position, that the The effective length from the grip portion to the tip position of the mixing and stirring head changes.

そこで、先に述べたように例えばベースマシンにて混合撹拌ヘッドの長手方向中間部分を被把持部として把持した上で、一次貫入としてその混合撹拌ヘッドを地中に貫入する。次に、前工程にて所定深度まで地中に貫入した混合撹拌ヘッドの被把持部の位置が元の位置よりも上方側となるようにベースマシンにて把持し直した上で、二次貫入としてその混合撹拌ヘッドをさらに地中に貫入する。なお、被把持部が三箇所以上設定されている場合には、必要に応じて上記の二次貫入処理をn回繰り返しても良い。   Therefore, as described above, for example, a base machine holds the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the mixing and stirring head as a gripped portion, and then the mixing and stirring head penetrates into the ground as a primary penetration. Next, after re-gripping with the base machine so that the position of the gripped part of the mixing and stirring head that has penetrated into the ground up to a predetermined depth in the previous process is above the original position, secondary penetration As a result, the mixing stirring head penetrates further into the ground. When three or more gripped portions are set, the above-described secondary penetration process may be repeated n times as necessary.

こうして、一次貫入とそれに続く単一もしくはn回の二次貫入の結果、混合撹拌ヘッドが改良処理深度まで地中に貫入されたならば、以降は混合撹拌ヘッドを所定速度で少なくとも横行させることで、すなわち混合撹拌ヘッドにおけるドライブチェーンの周回移動面を移動方向進行側としてその混合撹拌ヘッドを水平移動させることで改良処理深度全域での地盤改良処理が施される。 Thus, if the mixing stirrer head has penetrated into the ground to the improved processing depth as a result of the primary penetration and the subsequent single or n secondary penetrations, then the mixing stirrer head can be at least traversed at a predetermined speed thereafter. That is , the ground improvement process in the entire improvement processing depth is performed by horizontally moving the mixing stirring head with the circumferential moving surface of the drive chain in the mixing stirring head as the moving direction traveling side .

このように、混合撹拌ヘッドの横行に先立って、混合撹拌ヘッドの貫入を何段階かに分けて行うことにより、バックホウのリーチの大きさに制約されることなく、所望する改良処理深度まで混合撹拌ヘッドを貫入することが可能となる。   In this way, by mixing the mixing and stirring head in several stages prior to the mixing and stirring head, the mixing and stirring is performed up to the desired improved processing depth without being restricted by the backhoe reach size. It becomes possible to penetrate the head.

請求項に記載の発明によれば、把持手段たるグリッパ機構にて被把持部たるグリッパシャフトを把持し直しては混合撹拌ヘッドを貫入する作業を何回か繰り返すことでその混合撹拌ヘッドを段階的に地中に貫入することが可能となることから、簡単な設備構成のもとでより大きな貫入深度が得られる効果がある。すなわち、従来のようなヘッドケーシングや昇降駆動機構を付帯させる必要もなければ、ベースマシンとしても能力の小さなもので済むことから、設備の経済性および機動性の面で著しく有利となる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the gripper shaft as the gripped portion is gripped again by the gripper mechanism as the gripping means, and the operation of penetrating the mixing and stirring head is repeated several times so that the mixing and stirring head is stepped. Since it is possible to penetrate into the ground, there is an effect that a greater penetration depth can be obtained with a simple equipment configuration. That is, since it is not necessary to attach a head casing and a lifting drive mechanism as in the conventional case, and the base machine requires only a small capacity, it is extremely advantageous in terms of economics and mobility of equipment.

また、請求項2〜5に記載の発明によれば、実質的に請求項1に記載の技術を工法として捉えたものであるから、請求項1に記載の発明と同様の効果が得られるほか、混合撹拌ヘッドにおける撹拌翼付きのドライブチェーンを周回駆動させながら、その混合撹拌ヘッドを水平移動させることにより、撹拌翼の上下方向での周回移動に基づく土壌の掘削と固化材との混合撹拌が満遍なく行われて、あたかも地中に連続した壁体もしくは遮水壁を形成するかの如く形態で地盤改良処理を行うことから、経済性および作業性に優れた施工を行える。
Further, according to the invention described in claims 2 to 5, since which is assumed as a method the techniques described substantially claim 1, the same effect as the invention described in claim 1 is obtained in addition By moving the mixing stirring head horizontally while driving the drive chain with stirring blades in the mixing stirring head, the excavation of the soil and the mixing stirring with the solidified material based on the circular movement of the stirring blades in the vertical direction can be performed. Since the ground improvement treatment is performed evenly and as if a continuous wall or water-impervious wall is formed in the ground, construction with excellent economic efficiency and workability can be performed.

図1以下の図面は本発明に係る地盤改良機械装置のより具体的な実施の形態を示す図である。   FIG. 1 and the following drawings are diagrams showing more specific embodiments of the ground improvement machine apparatus according to the present invention.

図1に示すように、本実施の形態の地盤改良機械装置は作業系建設機械であるバックホウ1をベースマシン(母機)として構成されている。すなわち、履帯式(無限軌道式)の自走機構を有するバックホウ1は、起伏可能なブーム2とそのブーム2の先端に補助ブームとして起伏可能に連結されたアーム3とを備えていて、実質的にブーム2全体としては中折れ可能な構造となっている。そして、アーム3の先端には把持手段としてグリッパ機構4が装着されていて、このグリッパ機構4にて混合撹拌ヘッド5が着脱可能に支持されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the ground improvement machine apparatus of this Embodiment is comprised using the backhoe 1 which is a work type construction machine as a base machine (base machine). That is, the backhoe 1 having a crawler type (endless track type) self-propelled mechanism includes a boom 2 that can be raised and lowered and an arm 3 that is connected to the tip of the boom 2 so as to be raised and lowered as an auxiliary boom. In addition, the boom 2 as a whole has a structure that can be folded. A gripper mechanism 4 is attached to the tip of the arm 3 as a gripping means, and the mixing and stirring head 5 is detachably supported by the gripper mechanism 4.

グリッパ機構4は、図2〜4に示すように、アーム3およびそのアーム3側のリンク6に連結されることになる左右一対のリンクプレート7を主要素として構成されていて、各リンクプレート7の下部先端にはグリッパ爪として機能する固定側キャッチャ8が装着されているとともに、各固定側キャッチャ8には凹溝8aが形成されている。その一方、各リンクプレート7の上部先端には固定側キャッチャ8と対向するように同じくグリッパ爪として機能する可動側キャッチャ9がヒンジピン10を介して回転可能に結合されていて、それらの各可動側キャッチャ9にも凹溝9aが形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the gripper mechanism 4 includes a pair of left and right link plates 7 to be connected to the arm 3 and the link 6 on the arm 3 side as main elements. A fixed-side catcher 8 that functions as a gripper claw is attached to the lower end of the fixed-side catcher 8, and a concave groove 8a is formed in each fixed-side catcher 8. On the other hand, a movable side catcher 9 that also functions as a gripper claw so as to face the fixed side catcher 8 is rotatably coupled to the top end of each link plate 7 via a hinge pin 10. The catcher 9 is also formed with a concave groove 9a.

そして、固定側キャッチャ8と可動側キャッチャ9との間にはクレビス形のクランプシリンダ(油圧シリンダ)11が介装されている。すなわち、クランプシリンダ11のシリンダチューブ12が固定側キャッチャ8にヒンジピン結合されているとともに、クランプシリンダ11のピストンロッド13が可動側キャッチャ9に同様にヒンジピン結合されている。その結果として、クランプシリンダの伸長動作に応じて可動側キャッチャ9がクランプ位置P1とアンクランプ位置P2との間でクランプ,アンクランプ動作するようになっている。   A clevis-type clamp cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 11 is interposed between the fixed catcher 8 and the movable catcher 9. That is, the cylinder tube 12 of the clamp cylinder 11 is hinged to the fixed catcher 8 and the piston rod 13 of the clamp cylinder 11 is similarly hingedly connected to the movable catcher 9. As a result, the movable catcher 9 is clamped and unclamped between the clamp position P1 and the unclamp position P2 according to the extension operation of the clamp cylinder.

混合撹拌ヘッド5は、図5のほか図6,7に示すように、角柱状の長尺なフレーム14の上下両端部にドライブ側となるチェーンスプロケット15とドリブン側となるチェーンホイール16とを装着するとともに、それらチェーンスプロケット15とチェーンホイール16との間にエンドレスなドライブチェーン17を巻き掛けたものであって、ドライブチェーン17の外周側には掘削羽根を兼ねた多数の撹拌翼18が装着されている。なお、ドライブチェーン17は多数のガイドローラ19によって案内されている。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in addition to FIG. 5, the mixing and agitation head 5 is equipped with a chain sprocket 15 on the drive side and a chain wheel 16 on the driven side at both the upper and lower ends of the long prismatic frame 14. In addition, an endless drive chain 17 is wound between the chain sprocket 15 and the chain wheel 16, and a large number of stirring blades 18 that also serve as excavation blades are mounted on the outer peripheral side of the drive chain 17. ing. The drive chain 17 is guided by a number of guide rollers 19.

また、図6,7に示すように、フレーム14の上端部側における左右一対のサポートブラケット20,20間には回転駆動源として油圧モータ21が配置されていて、その油圧モータ21にて多数の撹拌翼18を備えたドライブチェーン17が周回駆動されるようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a hydraulic motor 21 is disposed as a rotational drive source between the pair of left and right support brackets 20, 20 on the upper end side of the frame 14. A drive chain 17 provided with a stirring blade 18 is driven to rotate.

ここで、混合撹拌ヘッド5には、グリッパ機構4による被把持部として機能しつつ且つグリッパ機構4にて混合撹拌ヘッド5を把持する際に選択的に使用されることになる把持結合部22,23を上下二箇所に設けてある。   Here, the mixing and agitation head 5 functions as a gripped part by the gripper mechanism 4 and is selectively used when the gripper mechanism 4 grips the mixing and agitation head 5. 23 are provided in two places at the top and bottom.

下側の把持結合部22は、図2のほか図5に示すように、角柱状のフレーム14の長手方向中間部に互いに平行な一対のグリッパシャフト24を所定スパンのもとで貫通固定したものであり、各グリッパシャフト24をグリッパ機構4の固定側キャッチャ8および可動側キャッチャ9の凹溝8a,9aにて受容するべく各キャッチャを8,9グリッパシャフト24に係合させることで混合撹拌ヘッド5がグリッパ機構4にて堅固に把持されることになる。   As shown in FIG. 2 in addition to FIG. 2, the lower gripping coupling portion 22 is formed by penetrating and fixing a pair of gripper shafts 24 parallel to each other in the longitudinal middle portion of the prismatic frame 14 under a predetermined span. The mixing agitation head is obtained by engaging each catcher with the 8, 9 gripper shaft 24 so that each gripper shaft 24 is received in the recessed grooves 8a, 9a of the fixed side catcher 8 and the movable side catcher 9 of the gripper mechanism 4. 5 is firmly held by the gripper mechanism 4.

また、上側の把持結合部23は、図6に示すように混合撹拌ヘッド5の上端のサポートブラケット20を上方に延長するべく、そのサポートブラケット20に形成された連結穴25を利用してエクステンションフレーム26を連結し、このエクステンションフレーム26に上記と同様に互いに平行な一対のグリッパシャフト27を所定スパンのもとで貫通固定したものであり、グリッパシャフト27,27同士のなすスパンは下側の把持結合部22と共通化されている。これにより、図7に示すように、図2と同様にして上側の把持結合部23の各グリッパシャフト27をグリッパ機構4の固定側キャッチャ8および可動側キャッチャ9の凹溝8a,9aにて受容するべく各キャッチャ8,9をグリッパシャフト27に係合させることで混合撹拌ヘッド5がグリッパ機構4にて堅固に把持されることになる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper grip coupling portion 23 uses an extension frame using a connecting hole 25 formed in the support bracket 20 so as to extend the support bracket 20 at the upper end of the mixing and stirring head 5 upward. 26, and a pair of gripper shafts 27 which are parallel to each other are penetrated and fixed to the extension frame 26 under a predetermined span in the same manner as described above. The span formed between the gripper shafts 27 and 27 is a lower grip. It is shared with the coupling part 22. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the gripper shafts 27 of the upper gripping and coupling portion 23 are received by the fixed catcher 8 of the gripper mechanism 4 and the concave grooves 8a and 9a of the movable catcher 9 as shown in FIG. The mixing and stirring head 5 is firmly held by the gripper mechanism 4 by engaging the catchers 8 and 9 with the gripper shaft 27 as much as possible.

なお、上記のサポートブラケット20やエクステンションフレーム26は、混合撹拌ヘッド5の主体となるフレーム14の一部を形成している。   The support bracket 20 and the extension frame 26 described above form a part of the frame 14 that is the main body of the mixing and stirring head 5.

また、本実施の形態では、混合撹拌ヘッド5に設けられる把持結合部としては上側の把持結合部23と下側の把持結合部22の合計二箇所としているが、必要に応じて、例えばフレーム14に設けられる下側の把持結合部22を所定距離隔てて二箇所以上とし、混合撹拌ヘッド5全体としての把持結合部の総数を三箇所以上とすることももちろん可能である。   In the present embodiment, the gripping and coupling portions provided in the mixing and agitation head 5 are a total of two locations, that is, the upper gripping and coupling portion 23 and the lower gripping and coupling portion 22. Of course, it is possible to set the lower gripping and coupling portions 22 provided in the two at a predetermined distance to two or more locations and the total number of the gripping and coupling portions as the entire mixing and stirring head 5 to three or more locations.

次に、このように構成された地盤改良機械装置の設営手順およびその地盤改良機械装置を用いた施工手順に付いて図8以下の図面を参照しながら説明する。   Next, the installation procedure of the ground improvement machine device configured as described above and the construction procedure using the ground improvement machine device will be described with reference to FIG. 8 and subsequent drawings.

図8に示すように、施工箇所の近くまでベースマシンであるバックホウ1を移動させる一方、スタンド28等を用いて混合撹拌ヘッド5を倒した状態で待機させておく。そして、バックホウ1のブーム2やアーム3の起伏自由度を使って、図2にも示すようにグリッパ機構4にて下側の把持結合部22を被把持部として混合撹拌ヘッド5を把持する。   As shown in FIG. 8, while the backhoe 1 which is a base machine is moved to the vicinity of the construction site, the mixing and stirring head 5 is kept in a standby state using the stand 28 or the like. Then, using the degree of freedom of raising and lowering the boom 2 and the arm 3 of the backhoe 1, the mixing and stirring head 5 is gripped by the gripper mechanism 4 with the lower grip coupling portion 22 as the gripped portion as shown in FIG.

より具体的には、図2に示すようにグリッパ機構4の固定側キャッチャ8および可動側キャッチャ9がアンクランプ状態(クランプシリンダ11が収縮している状態)にあるときには、それらの固定側キャッチャ8と可動側キャッチャ9とのなす距離は、下側の把持結合部22を形成している一対のグリッパシャフト24,24同士のスパンよりも小さくなるように予め設定されていることから、それらのグリッパシャフト24,24同士のスパン内に固定側キャッチャ8および可動側キャッチャ9を位置させるべく、先ず固定側キャッチャ8を下側のグリッパシャフト24に係合させる。その状態で、クランプシリンダ11を伸長動作させることにより可動側キャッチャ9を上側のグリッパシャフト24に係合させ、そのままクランプシリンダ11の出力をもって上下のグリッパシャフト24,24間に突っ張り力を作用させる。この状態をもって、混合撹拌ヘッド5がその長手方向の中間部の把持結合部22を被把持部としてグリッパ機構4にて堅固に把持されたことになる。   More specifically, when the fixed side catcher 8 and the movable side catcher 9 of the gripper mechanism 4 are in an unclamped state (a state in which the clamp cylinder 11 is contracted) as shown in FIG. The distance between the movable side catcher 9 and the movable side catcher 9 is set in advance so as to be smaller than the span between the pair of gripper shafts 24, 24 forming the lower grip coupling portion 22. In order to position the fixed side catcher 8 and the movable side catcher 9 within the span between the shafts 24, 24, first, the fixed side catcher 8 is engaged with the lower gripper shaft 24. In this state, the clamp cylinder 11 is extended to engage the movable catcher 9 with the upper gripper shaft 24, and the tension force is applied between the upper and lower gripper shafts 24, 24 with the output of the clamp cylinder 11 as it is. In this state, the mixing and agitation head 5 is firmly gripped by the gripper mechanism 4 with the gripping coupling portion 22 at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction as the gripped portion.

続いて、図9に示すように、バックホウ1のブーム2やアーム3の起伏自由度を使って混合撹拌ヘッド5を直立状態とするとともに、バックホウ1の自走能力を使って混合撹拌ヘッド5を施工開始位置である所定の貫入位置にセットする。   Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the mixing and stirring head 5 is brought into an upright state by using the degree of freedom of raising and lowering the boom 2 and the arm 3 of the backhoe 1, and the mixing and stirring head 5 is set using the self-propelling ability of the backhoe 1. Set to the predetermined penetration position, which is the construction start position.

混合撹拌ヘッド5を所定の貫入位置に直立姿勢にてセットしたならば、撹拌翼18付きのドライブチェーン17を周回駆動させた上で、一次貫入としてバックホウ1のブーム2やアーム3の起伏動作に基づく貫入推力をもって混合撹拌ヘッド5を地中に貫入する。この場合には、上記撹拌翼18が主として掘削羽根として機能することから、混合撹拌ヘッド5は定位置にて削孔しながら徐々に地中に貫入される。そして、図11から明らかなように、混合撹拌ヘッド5の貫入に伴いグリッパ機構4が地表近くに達した時点で一次貫入を終了する。   If the mixing agitation head 5 is set in an upright posture at a predetermined penetration position, the drive chain 17 with the agitation blades 18 is driven to go around, and then the boom 2 and the arm 3 of the backhoe 1 are moved up and down as primary penetration. The mixing agitation head 5 penetrates into the ground with the penetration penetration based on it. In this case, since the stirring blade 18 mainly functions as an excavation blade, the mixing stirring head 5 is gradually penetrated into the ground while drilling at a fixed position. As is apparent from FIG. 11, the primary penetration is terminated when the gripper mechanism 4 reaches near the ground surface with the penetration of the mixing and stirring head 5.

こうして混合撹拌ヘッド5の一次貫入が終了したならば、図12〜14に示すように、混合撹拌ヘッド5の周囲に例えばH形鋼等のアンカーバー29やクロスバーまたはクロスワイヤ30を用意し、仮にグリッパ機構4による把持を解放したとしても混合撹拌ヘッド5がそれ自体で自立できるように、クロスバーまたはクロスワイヤ30を介して混合撹拌ヘッド5をアンカーバー29に連結してそのアンカーバー29の重量をもって混合撹拌ヘッド5を一時的に支える。   When the primary penetration of the mixing and stirring head 5 is completed in this way, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, an anchor bar 29 such as an H-shaped steel, a cross bar or a cross wire 30 is prepared around the mixing and stirring head 5. Even if the gripper mechanism 4 is released, the mixing and stirring head 5 is connected to the anchor bar 29 via the crossbar or the cross wire 30 so that the mixing and stirring head 5 can stand on its own. The mixing and stirring head 5 is temporarily supported with weight.

この後、グリッパ機構4による混合撹拌ヘッド5の把持状態、すなわち先に述べた下側の把持結合部22を被把持部とする混合撹拌ヘッド5の把持を一旦解除し、代わって図7および図15に示すようにグリッパ機構4にて上側の把持結合部23を被把持部として把持し直す。なお、この時の把持形態は、先に述べた下側の把持結合部22を被把持部とする場合と全く同様である。   Thereafter, the gripping state of the mixing and stirring head 5 by the gripper mechanism 4, that is, the holding of the mixing and stirring head 5 using the lower gripping coupling portion 22 described above as the gripped portion is once released, and FIG. 7 and FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, the gripper mechanism 4 grips the upper grip coupling portion 23 as the gripped portion. Note that the gripping form at this time is exactly the same as the case where the lower gripping coupling portion 22 described above is the gripped portion.

そして、グリッパ機構4が上側の把持結合部23を把持したならば、図12〜14に示したアンカーバー29による支えを解除した上で、図15に示すように二次貫入としてバックホウ1のブーム2やアーム3の起伏動作に基づく貫入推力をもって混合撹拌ヘッド5を所定の改良処理深度となるまで再度地中に貫入する。   If the gripper mechanism 4 grips the upper grip coupling portion 23, the support of the anchor bar 29 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is released, and then the boom of the backhoe 1 is used as a secondary penetration as shown in FIG. The mixing and agitation head 5 is again penetrated into the ground with a penetration thrust based on the undulation operation of the arm 2 and the arm 3 until a predetermined improvement processing depth is reached.

図16に示すように、混合撹拌ヘッド5が所定の改良処理深度となったならば、その時点で二次貫入を終了する。この二次貫入の終了を待って、把持結合部23を被把持部とするグリッパ機構4による混合撹拌ヘッド5の把持を一旦解除する。この場合には、混合撹拌ヘッド5が地中深く貫入されているので、たとえグリッパ機構4による混合撹拌ヘッド5の把持を解除したとしても混合撹拌ヘッド5は自立したままであり、図12〜14に示したようなアンカーバー29による支えは必ずしも必要としない。こうして、グリッパ機構4が混合撹拌ヘッド5を一旦解放したならば、バックホウ1自体の自走能力を使ってその向きを変更し、図16と図17とを比較すると明らかなように、履帯による走行方向をそれまでとは90度変更する。その上で、先にグリッパ機構4が解放した混合撹拌ヘッド5の把持結合部23を再度把持し直して図17の状態とする。   As shown in FIG. 16, when the mixing and stirring head 5 reaches a predetermined improvement processing depth, the secondary penetration is terminated at that time. Waiting for the end of the secondary penetration, the gripping of the mixing and stirring head 5 by the gripper mechanism 4 having the gripping coupling portion 23 as the gripped portion is once released. In this case, since the mixing and stirring head 5 is deeply penetrated into the ground, the mixing and stirring head 5 remains independent even if the gripping of the mixing and stirring head 5 by the gripper mechanism 4 is released. The support by the anchor bar 29 as shown in FIG. Thus, once the gripper mechanism 4 releases the mixing and agitation head 5, the direction of the backhoe 1 itself is changed using the self-propelling ability, and as is clear when comparing FIG. 16 and FIG. The direction is changed by 90 degrees. After that, the gripping and coupling portion 23 of the mixing and stirring head 5 previously released by the gripper mechanism 4 is gripped again to obtain the state shown in FIG.

以降は混合撹拌ヘッドを地中に貫入したままで、図17に示すように混合撹拌ヘッド5の直立(鉛直)姿勢を保ちながらバックホウ1自体の走行自由度を使ってその混合撹拌ヘッド5を水平方向に移動、すなわち混合撹拌ヘッド5における撹拌翼18の周回移動面がバックホウ1の走行方向と正対した状態のまま横行させて地盤改良処理を行う。この場合、周知のように混合撹拌ヘッド5に付設された図示外の吐出口から例えばセメント系等の粉体またはスラリ(ミルク)状の地盤改良材たる固化材を吐出するものとする。   Thereafter, the mixing agitation head 5 is horizontally inserted using the degree of freedom of travel of the backhoe 1 while maintaining the upright (vertical) posture of the mixing agitation head 5 as shown in FIG. The ground improvement process is performed by moving in the direction, that is, with the circumferential moving surface of the stirring blade 18 in the mixing stirring head 5 facing the traveling direction of the backhoe 1. In this case, as well known, for example, a cement-based powder or a solidified material that is a slurry (milk) ground improvement material is discharged from a discharge port (not shown) attached to the mixing and stirring head 5.

すなわち、混合撹拌ヘッド5における撹拌翼18付きのドライブチェーン17を周回駆動させながら、その混合撹拌ヘッド5を図18のような平面視にて直線状または曲線状に連続して移動させることにより、バックホウ1自体の走行方向への掘進のほか、撹拌翼18の上下方向での周回移動に基づく土壌の掘削と固化材との混合撹拌が満遍なく行われて、あたかも地中に連続した壁体もしくは遮水壁を形成するかの如く形態で地盤改良処理を行うことになる。   That is, by continuously driving the drive chain 17 with the stirring blade 18 in the mixing stirring head 5 while moving the mixing stirring head 5 linearly or in a curved line in a plan view as shown in FIG. In addition to the excavation of the backhoe 1 in the traveling direction, the excavation of the soil and the mixed agitation with the solidified material based on the orbital movement of the agitating blade 18 in the up-and-down direction are performed uniformly. The ground improvement process is performed in the form as if forming a water wall.

なお、必要に応じて混合撹拌ヘッド5の横行と並行してその混合撹拌ヘッド5を小刻みに上下動させる挙動を加えても良い。   In addition, you may add the behavior which moves the mixing stirring head 5 up and down little by little in parallel with traversing of the mixing stirring head 5 as needed.

また、先に述べたように混合撹拌ヘッド5全体としての把持結合部の総数を三箇所以上とした場合には、一回の一次貫入のほかn回の二次貫入を繰り返すことで初めて所定の改良処理深度まで混合撹拌ヘッドが貫入されることになることは言うまでもない。   Further, as described above, when the total number of the gripping and coupling portions as the entire mixing and stirring head 5 is set to three or more, a predetermined first time is obtained only by repeating n secondary penetrations in addition to one primary penetration. Needless to say, the mixing and stirring head will be penetrated to the improved processing depth.

ここで、例えば一日分の作業終了時に混合撹拌ヘッド5を地中に貫入したままであると、固化材の固化進行のために混合撹拌ヘッド5まで固結してしまうことになる。そこで、一日分の作業終了時は先に述べた貫入時とは逆の把持結合部22,23の持ち替えによって混合撹拌ヘッド5を完全に地中から引き抜いた上で、図8に示した状態と同じ状態で待機させる一方、翌日の作業開始時には再び把持結合部22,23の持ち替えによって段階的に混合撹拌ヘッド5を地中に貫入するものとする。   Here, for example, if the mixing and stirring head 5 remains penetrating into the ground at the end of a day's work, the mixing and stirring head 5 is consolidated due to the progress of solidification of the solidified material. Therefore, when the work for one day is completed, the mixing and agitation head 5 is completely pulled out from the ground by changing the grip coupling portions 22 and 23 opposite to the penetration described above, and the state shown in FIG. The mixing and stirring head 5 penetrates into the ground step by step by moving the gripping coupling portions 22 and 23 again when starting the next day.

このように本実施の形態によれば、把持結合部22,23の持ち替えによって混合撹拌ヘッド5を段階的に地中に貫入するようにしたことにより、貫入深度の大きな混合撹拌ヘッド5であってもベースマシンであるバックホウのリーチに制約されることなく所要深度まで確実に貫入することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, the mixing and stirring head 5 penetrates into the ground step by step by changing the holding coupling portions 22 and 23, whereby the mixing and stirring head 5 having a large penetration depth is obtained. However, it is possible to reliably penetrate to the required depth without being restricted by the reach of the backhoe, which is the base machine.

本発明に係る地盤改良機械装置のより具体的な実施の形態を示す概略説明図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic explanatory drawing which shows more concrete embodiment of the ground improvement machine apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図1の要部拡大説明図。The principal part expansion explanatory view of FIG. 図2の平面説明図。Plane explanatory drawing of FIG. 図2の左側面説明図。Explanatory drawing of the left side surface of FIG. (A)は図1に示す混合撹拌ヘッドの拡大正面説明図、(B)は同図(A)の左側面説明図。(A) is an enlarged front explanatory view of the mixing and stirring head shown in FIG. 1, (B) is a left side explanatory view of FIG. (A)は図5の(A)の要部拡大分解説明図、(B)は図5の(B)の要部拡大分解説明図。(A) is a principal part expansion exploded explanatory view of (A) of Drawing 5, (B) is a principal part expansion exploded explanatory view of (B) of Drawing 5. 図1に示したグリッパ機構の持ち替えによる把持状態を示す要部拡大説明図。The principal part expansion explanatory drawing which shows the holding | grip state by the change of the gripper mechanism shown in FIG. 実施工に先立ってグリッパ機構が最初に混合撹拌ヘッドを把持する際の説明図。Explanatory drawing at the time of a gripper mechanism holding a mixing stirring head first before implementation. 図8の状態から混合撹拌ヘッドを正立させたときの説明図。Explanatory drawing when a mixing stirring head is made to stand upright from the state of FIG. 図9の状態から混合撹拌ヘッドを地中に一次貫入するときの説明図。Explanatory drawing when a mixing stirring head primarily penetrates in the ground from the state of FIG. 一次貫入を終えたときの説明図。Explanatory drawing when finishing primary penetration. グリッパ機構の持ち替えに先立って行う仮支え作業時の説明図。Explanatory drawing at the time of the temporary support work performed prior to change of a gripper mechanism. 図12の平面説明図。Plane explanatory drawing of FIG. 図12の左側面説明図。Explanatory drawing of the left side surface of FIG. グリッパ機構が混合撹拌ヘッドを持ち替えた上で二次貫入するときの説明図。Explanatory drawing when a gripper mechanism carries out secondary penetration after changing a mixing stirring head. 二次貫入終了時の説明図。Explanatory drawing at the end of secondary penetration. バックホウの横行による施工開始時に説明図。Explanatory drawing at the start of construction by rampant backhoe. 図17の平面説明図。Plane explanatory drawing of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…ベースマシンとしてのバックホウ(作業系建設機械)
2…ブーム
3…アーム
4…グリッパ機構(把持手段)
5…混合撹拌ヘッド
14…フレーム
17…ドライブチェーン
18…撹拌翼
22…下側の把持結合部(被把持部)
23…上側の把持結合部(被把持部)
24…グリッパシャフト
26…エクステンションフレーム
27…グリッパシャフト
1 ... Backhoe as a base machine (working construction machine)
2 ... Boom 3 ... Arm 4 ... Gripper mechanism (gripping means)
5 ... Mixing and stirring head 14 ... Frame 17 ... Drive chain 18 ... Agitating blade 22 ... Lower grip coupling part (gripped part)
23... Upper grip coupling portion (gripped portion)
24 ... Gripper shaft 26 ... Extension frame 27 ... Gripper shaft

Claims (5)

ベースマシンに着脱可能に支持させた混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、その混合撹拌ヘッドを少なくとも水平移動させることで地盤改良処理を行う機械装置であって、
ベースマシンである作業系建設機械のアーム先端に設けられ、互いに接近離間可能な少なくとも二つ一組のキャッチャを有するグリッパ機構と、
上記グリッパ機構により着脱可能に把持されるとともに、フレームの上下両端部間に巻き掛けた撹拌翼付きのエンドレスなドライブチェーンを上下方向に周回駆動させるようにしたトレンチャー式の混合撹拌ヘッドと、
上記フレームの長手方向に沿って二箇所以上設けられるとともに、グリッパ機構による混合撹拌ヘッドの持ち替えの際の把持対象部として選択使用され、且つフレームの長手方向で対をなす少なくとも二つ一組のグリッパシャフトをもって構成された被把持部と、
を備えていて、
上記グリッパ機構は、少なくとも二つ一組のキャッチャを同じく少なくとも二つ一組のグリッパシャフトにそれぞれ係合させた状態で所定の把持力をもって混合撹拌ヘッドを把持するようになっていることを特徴とする地盤改良機械装置。
A mechanical device for performing ground improvement processing by penetrating the mixing stirring head detachably supported by the base machine into the ground up to the improvement processing depth and moving the mixing stirring head at least horizontally ,
A gripper mechanism that is provided at the tip of an arm of a work system construction machine that is a base machine and has at least two pairs of catchers that can approach and separate from each other;
A trencher-type mixing and stirring head that is detachably gripped by the gripper mechanism and that drives an endless drive chain with stirring blades wound between the upper and lower ends of the frame in the vertical direction.
At least two pairs of grippers that are provided at two or more locations along the longitudinal direction of the frame, are selectively used as gripping target portions when the mixing and stirring head is moved by the gripper mechanism, and are paired in the longitudinal direction of the frame A gripped portion configured with a shaft;
With
The gripper mechanism is configured to grip the mixing and stirring head with a predetermined gripping force in a state where at least two pairs of catchers are respectively engaged with at least two pairs of gripper shafts. To improve the ground.
ベースマシンに着脱可能に支持させた混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、その混合撹拌ヘッドを少なくとも水平移動させることで地盤改良処理を行う方法であって、
上記混合撹拌ヘッドとして、フレームの上下両端部間に巻き掛けた撹拌翼付きのエンドレスなドライブチェーンを上下方向に周回駆動させるようにしたトレンチャー式のものを使用し、
ベースマシンにて混合撹拌ヘッドの長手方向中間部分を被把持部として把持した上でその混合撹拌ヘッドを地中に貫入する一次貫入工程と、
前工程にて所定深度まで地中に貫入した混合撹拌ヘッドの被把持部の位置が元の位置よりも上方側となるようにベースマシンにて把持し直した上でその混合撹拌ヘッドをさらに地中に貫入する二次貫入工程と、
を含んでいて、
一次貫入工程と二次貫入工程またはn回の二次貫入工程の繰り返しをもって混合撹拌ヘッドを改良処理深度まで地中に貫入し、
それに続いて、混合撹拌ヘッドにおけるドライブチェーンの周回移動面を移動方向進行側としてその混合撹拌ヘッドを水平移動させて地盤改良処理を施すことを特徴とする地盤改良工法。
A method of performing ground improvement processing by penetrating the mixing agitation head removably supported by the base machine into the ground to the improvement processing depth and moving the mixing agitation head at least horizontally ,
As the mixing agitation head, a trencher type that uses an endless drive chain with an agitation blade wrapped between the upper and lower ends of the frame to rotate around in the vertical direction, is used.
A primary penetration step of penetrating the mixing and stirring head into the ground after holding the longitudinally intermediate portion of the mixing and stirring head as a gripped portion in the base machine;
Re-gripping the mixing and stirring head with the base machine so that the position of the gripped portion of the mixing and stirring head that has penetrated into the ground up to a predetermined depth in the previous process is above the original position, A secondary penetration process that penetrates into the inside,
Including
The mixing agitation head penetrates into the ground up to the improved treatment depth by repeating the primary penetration process and the secondary penetration process or n secondary penetration processes.
Subsequently , the ground improvement method is characterized by performing ground improvement processing by horizontally moving the mixing stirring head with the circumferential moving surface of the drive chain in the mixing stirring head as the moving direction traveling side .
被把持部として機能する二箇所以上の把持結合部を混合撹拌ヘッドの長手方向に沿って設けてあることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の地盤改良工法。 The ground improvement method according to claim 2, wherein two or more grip coupling portions functioning as gripped portions are provided along the longitudinal direction of the mixing and stirring head. 被把持部として機能する二箇所以上の把持結合部を上記混合撹拌ヘッドにおけるフレームの長手方向に沿って設けてあることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の地盤改良工法。 Ground improvement method according to claim 3, characterized in that the grip coupling portion of two or more points which function as the bunch sandwiching member is provided along the longitudinal direction of the frame in the mixing and stirring head. ベースマシンが作業系建設機械であって、そのアームの先端に混合撹拌ヘッド側の被把持部を把持する把持手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の地盤改良工法。 The ground according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein the base machine is a work system construction machine, and has a gripping means for gripping a gripped portion on the side of the mixing and stirring head at the tip of the arm. Improved construction method.
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