JP3937635B2 - EGR cooler with exhaust gas purification function - Google Patents

EGR cooler with exhaust gas purification function Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3937635B2
JP3937635B2 JP05264599A JP5264599A JP3937635B2 JP 3937635 B2 JP3937635 B2 JP 3937635B2 JP 05264599 A JP05264599 A JP 05264599A JP 5264599 A JP5264599 A JP 5264599A JP 3937635 B2 JP3937635 B2 JP 3937635B2
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exhaust gas
layer
egr cooler
cooling
catalyst layer
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JP2000249003A (en
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武 菊地
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/50—Arrangements or methods for preventing or reducing deposits, corrosion or wear caused by impurities

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、エンジン、特にディーゼルエンジンにおける一部の排気ガスを吸気路側に還流させる排気ガス還流通路（ＥＧＲ通路）に配設される排気浄化機能付きＥＧＲクーラーに関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ディーゼルエンジンにおいて、ＥＧＲ通路を介して一部の排気ガスを吸気路側に還流させることによって、ＮＯｘを低減させるとともに、ＥＧＲ通路中にＥＧＲクーラーを配設することにより、還流される排気ガスの温度を低下させ、さらなるＮＯｘ低減を図ることが知られている（例えば特開平６−６６２０８号公報参照）。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のような従来のＥＧＲ装置においては、ＥＧＲクーラーによって還流される排気ガスの温度を下げ、エンジンの筒内温度を下げた上で排気還流率（ＥＧＲ率）を稼いでいたが、排気ガス中のすすによってエンジン内部例えばピストンリング、シリンダライナー、バルブシート面等の摩耗を促進し、エンジンの耐久性を縮めてしまっていた。
【０００４】
本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点を解消して、ＥＧＲクーラーにすすのトラップ（捕集）能力と、その燃焼によって上昇した排気ガスの温度を低下させるための冷却能力を併せ持たせることにより、高いＮＯｘ浄化性能とエンジンの耐久信頼性の向上を得ることを目的とするものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明では、排気ガス中のすすを捕集し、燃焼させＮＯｘを浄化する触媒層と、該触媒層から排気される排気ガスを冷却させるガス冷却層とから構成され、該ガス冷却層から排気された排気ガスをエンジンの吸気路側に還流させるＥＧＲ通路に配設される排気ガス浄化作用付きＥＧＲクーラーにおいて、前記触媒層とガス冷却層とを断熱層を介して隣合わせで接触して配置し、前記触媒層の一端が湾曲状に形成された中間集合部によって前記ガス冷却層の一端に連結され、前記中間集合部で触媒層より排気された排気ガスをガス冷却層に案内したことを特徴とする。
【０００６】
また、前記ガス冷却層の外側に空気冷却フィンを設けたことを特徴とする。
【０００７】
上記の構成によれば、乾留される排気ガス中の残留酸素と捕集されたすすとの燃焼により触媒層でのＮＯｘ浄化が促進される。また、すすの捕集、燃焼により、乾留される排気ガス中のすす量が低減された吸気がエンジンに供給されることから、その内部機構の摩耗を防止してエンジンの寿命を延長することができる。更には、触媒層とガス冷却層とを断熱層を介して隣合わせで接触して配置したので、触媒作用と冷却作用を別々に発揮することができる。更にまた、中間集合部で触媒層より排気された排気ガスをガス冷却層に折り返して案内したので、ＥＧＲクーラー本体がコンパクトとなる。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
【０００９】
図１において、ディーゼルエンジン１の吸気マニホルドに、エアクリーナ３を設けた吸気路２を接続すると共に排気マニホルドに排気路４を接続し、この排気路４の途中に触媒コンバータ５を設けている。
【００１０】
６は排気路４の途中から分岐され、前記エアクリーナ３より後方の吸気路２の途中に接続され、一部の排気ガスＧを吸気路２側に還流させる排気還流通路、即ちＥＧＲ通路である。このＥＧＲ通路６の途中には、ＥＧＲ弁７、ＥＧＲクーラー８が夫々設けられている。
【００１１】
ＥＧＲクーラー８は図２、図３、図４に示すように、本体８１がすすを捕集するとともに、ＮＯｘを浄化させるための焼結合金またはセラミックフォームに、Ｐｔ，Ｐｄ等の酸化活性を有する触媒を金属薄膜としてコーティングした触媒層８２と、排気ガスＧを冷却させるガス冷却層８３の２層から構成されている。そしてこの２層の間には耐熱性断熱材からなる断熱層８４が設けられている。
【００１２】
また、本体８１の一端には、排気ガスＧの流入口８５と流出口８６が夫々設けられており、他端には、触媒層８２からの排気ガスＧを冷却層８３へ円滑に導入するように外周部を湾曲状に形成された中間集合部８７が設けられている。
【００１３】
前記冷却層８３は、図３に示すように複数の偏平に形成した管体を配置した排気ガス流路８３ａが配設されており、それらの排気ガス流路８３ａの外周部に冷却媒体としてのエンジン１の冷却水Ｗが導入される冷却部８３ｂが形成されている。なお、排気ガス流路８３ａは耐腐食性に富むＳＵＳ材で構成されるのが望ましい。
【００１４】
また、前記本体８１には冷却層８３へエンジン１からの冷却水Ｗを導入する流入口８３ｃと、この冷却部８３から昇温した冷却水Ｗをエンジン１に戻す流出口８３ｄが夫々設けられている。さらに、前記本体８１の冷却層８３側の外側には冷却フィン８８を一体成形により形成して空気冷却の効果が向上するように構成している。
【００１５】
上述のように構成された本発明のＥＧＲクーラー８においては、還流される排気ガスＧは先づ流入口８５より触媒層８２内に流入し、これによって排気ガスＧ中のすすが捕集され、更にその酸化反応によって排気ガスＧ中の残留酸素によりそのすすは燃焼され、ＮＯｘ浄化が促進される。
【００１６】
すすの燃焼により温度の上昇した触媒層８２からの排気ガスＧは、中間集合部８７を経由して隣接して配置した冷却層８３の排気ガス流路８３ａ内に導入され、この排気ガス流路８３ａの外部の冷却水Ｗによって冷却され、そしてＥＧＲ制御弁７を経由して吸気路２へ還流される。
このように、本発明のＥＧＲクーラー８では、排気ガスＧ中の残留酸素と捕集されたすすとの燃焼により、ＮＯｘ浄化が促進され、ＮＯｘ低減が図られる。
【００１７】
また、すすの捕集、燃焼により、還流される排気ガスＧ中のすす量が低減されてエンジン内部のピストンリング、シリンダライナー、バルブシート面等の摩耗が防止される。
【００１８】
また、ＣＯ2 濃度が増加するため、排気ガス中の不活性成分が増えることで、実際の排気ガス還流率（ＥＧＲ率）が増加し、テールパイプエミッションが低下できる。さらに、必要還流排気ガス量が少なくなることで、必要放熱容量が少なくなり、ＥＧＲクーラー自体が小さくできる。
【００１９】
また、ＥＧＲクーラー本体８１内を触媒層８２と冷却層８３とに断熱層８４を介して２分割し、隣合わせに配設したことにより、排気ガス浄化機能を備えながら、コンパクトな構造とすることができた。さらに、本体８１の冷却層８３側にに冷却フィン８８を設けたことで、ＥＧＲクーラーの冷却効率を向上できる。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明では、排気ガス中のすすを捕集し燃焼しＮＯｘを浄化する触媒層と、この触媒層から排気された排気ガスを冷却させるガス冷却層とに区別して構成したので、触媒作用と冷却作用とを別々に発揮し、還流される排気ガス中の残留酸素と捕集されたすすとの燃焼により触媒層でのＮＯｘ浄化が促進され、ＮＯｘ低減が図られる。そして、前記触媒層とガス冷却層とを断熱層を介して隣合わせで接触して配置し、この触媒層と冷却層とを中間集合部で接続したので、ＥＧＲクーラー本体をコンパクトにすることができる。
【００２１】
また、すすの捕集、燃焼により、還流される排気ガス中のすす量が低減され、エンジン内部のピストンリング、シリンダライナー、バルブシート面等の摩耗が防止される。
【００２２】
また、ＣＯ2 濃度が増加するため、排気ガス中の不活性成分が増えることで、実際の排気ガス還流率（ＥＧＲ率）が増加しテールパイプエミッションが低下できる。さらに、必要還流排気ガス量が少なくなることで、必要放熱容量が少なくなり、ＥＧＲクーラー自体が小さくできる。
【００２３】
また、ＥＧＲクーラー本体内を触媒層と冷却層とに断熱層を介して２分割して配設したことにより、排気ガス浄化機能を備えながら、コンパクトな構造とすることができる。さらに、冷却フィンを設けたことで、ＥＧＲクーラーの冷却効率の向上を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態を示すエンジンの全体系統図である。
【図２】同実施の形態のＥＧＲクーラーの要部破断して示す平面図である。
【図３】同ＥＧＲクーラーの横断面図である。
【図４】同ＥＧＲクーラーの外観斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ エンジン
６ ＥＧＲ通路
８ ＥＧＲクーラー
８１ 本体
８２ 触媒層
８３ 冷却層
８４ 断熱層
８８ 冷却フィン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an EGR cooler with an exhaust purification function that is disposed in an exhaust gas recirculation passage (EGR passage) that recirculates a part of exhaust gas in an engine, particularly a diesel engine, to an intake passage side.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a diesel engine, a part of exhaust gas is recirculated to the intake passage side through the EGR passage to reduce NOx, and an EGR cooler is disposed in the EGR passage to thereby reduce the temperature of the recirculated exhaust gas. It is known to further reduce NOx (see, for example, JP-A-6-66208).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional EGR apparatus as described above, the exhaust gas recirculated by the EGR cooler is lowered, and the in-cylinder temperature of the engine is lowered to increase the exhaust gas recirculation rate (EGR rate). The soot promotes the wear of the engine interior such as piston rings, cylinder liners, valve seat surfaces, and the like, reducing the durability of the engine.
[0004]
The present invention eliminates such problems of the prior art, and combines the soot trapping (capturing) ability of the EGR cooler and the cooling ability to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas raised by the combustion. Accordingly, it is an object to obtain high NOx purification performance and improved durability of the engine.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a catalyst layer that collects soot in exhaust gas and burns it to purify NOx, and a gas cooling layer that cools exhaust gas exhausted from the catalyst layer. In an EGR cooler with an exhaust gas purification action that is configured and is disposed in an EGR passage that recirculates exhaust gas exhausted from the gas cooling layer to the intake passage side of the engine, the catalyst layer and the gas cooling layer are interposed via a heat insulating layer. The exhaust gas exhausted from the catalyst layer at the intermediate assembly part is connected to one end of the gas cooling layer by an intermediate assembly part having one end of the catalyst layer formed in a curved shape. It is characterized by being guided to the cooling layer .
[0006]
In addition, air cooling fins are provided outside the gas cooling layer .
[0007]
According to said structure, NOx purification in a catalyst layer is accelerated | stimulated by combustion with the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas dry-distilled and the collected soot. In addition, since intake air with reduced soot in the dry-distilled exhaust gas is supplied to the engine by soot collection and combustion, it is possible to prevent wear of the internal mechanism and extend the life of the engine. it can. Furthermore, since the catalyst layer and the gas cooling layer are arranged in contact with each other through the heat insulating layer, the catalytic action and the cooling action can be exhibited separately. Furthermore, since the exhaust gas exhausted from the catalyst layer at the intermediate collecting portion is guided back to the gas cooling layer, the EGR cooler main body becomes compact .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
In FIG. 1, an intake passage 2 provided with an air cleaner 3 is connected to an intake manifold of a diesel engine 1, an exhaust passage 4 is connected to an exhaust manifold, and a catalytic converter 5 is provided in the middle of the exhaust passage 4.
[0010]
Reference numeral 6 denotes an exhaust gas recirculation passage that branches off from the middle of the exhaust passage 4 and is connected to the intake passage 2 behind the air cleaner 3 to recirculate a part of the exhaust gas G to the intake passage 2 side, that is, an EGR passage. An EGR valve 7 and an EGR cooler 8 are respectively provided in the middle of the EGR passage 6.
[0011]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the EGR cooler 8 collects soot in the main body 81 and has an oxidizing activity such as Pt and Pd in a sintered alloy or ceramic foam for purifying NOx. It consists of two layers: a catalyst layer 82 coated with a catalyst as a metal thin film, and a gas cooling layer 83 for cooling the exhaust gas G. And between these two layers, the heat insulation layer 84 which consists of a heat resistant heat insulating material is provided.
[0012]
Further, an inlet 85 and an outlet 86 for exhaust gas G are provided at one end of the main body 81, respectively, and exhaust gas G from the catalyst layer 82 is smoothly introduced into the cooling layer 83 at the other end. An intermediate collecting portion 87 having a curved outer peripheral portion is provided.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, the cooling layer 83 is provided with an exhaust gas passage 83a in which a plurality of flat tubes are arranged, and an outer peripheral portion of the exhaust gas passage 83a is used as a cooling medium. A cooling part 83b into which the cooling water W of the engine 1 is introduced is formed. The exhaust gas passage 83a is preferably made of a SUS material having high corrosion resistance.
[0014]
The main body 81 is provided with an inlet 83c for introducing the cooling water W from the engine 1 into the cooling layer 83 and an outlet 83d for returning the cooling water W heated from the cooling portion 83 to the engine 1 respectively. Yes. Further, cooling fins 88 are integrally formed on the outer side of the main body 81 on the cooling layer 83 side so as to improve the effect of air cooling.
[0015]
In the EGR cooler 8 of the present invention configured as described above, the exhaust gas G to be recirculated first flows into the catalyst layer 82 from the inflow port 85, whereby the soot in the exhaust gas G is collected, Furthermore, the soot is combusted by residual oxygen in the exhaust gas G by the oxidation reaction, and NOx purification is promoted.
[0016]
The exhaust gas G from the catalyst layer 82 whose temperature has increased due to soot combustion is introduced into the exhaust gas passage 83a of the cooling layer 83 disposed adjacently via the intermediate collecting portion 87, and this exhaust gas passage. The cooling water W is cooled by the cooling water W outside 83 a and is returned to the intake passage 2 via the EGR control valve 7.
As described above, in the EGR cooler 8 of the present invention, NOx purification is promoted and NOx reduction is achieved by combustion of residual oxygen in the exhaust gas G and collected soot.
[0017]
Further, the soot collection and combustion reduces the amount of soot in the recirculated exhaust gas G and prevents wear of the piston ring, cylinder liner, valve seat surface and the like inside the engine.
[0018]
Further, since the CO 2 concentration increases, the number of inert components in the exhaust gas increases, so that the actual exhaust gas recirculation rate (EGR rate) increases and tail pipe emission can be reduced. Furthermore, since the required amount of recirculated exhaust gas is reduced, the required heat radiation capacity is reduced, and the EGR cooler itself can be reduced.
[0019]
Further, the inside of the EGR cooler main body 81 is divided into the catalyst layer 82 and the cooling layer 83 through the heat insulating layer 84 and arranged adjacent to each other, so that the EGR cooler body 81 has a compact structure while having an exhaust gas purification function. did it. Furthermore, the cooling efficiency of the EGR cooler can be improved by providing the cooling fins 88 on the cooling layer 83 side of the main body 81.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the catalyst layer for collecting and burning soot in the exhaust gas and purifying NOx is distinguished from the gas cooling layer for cooling the exhaust gas exhausted from the catalyst layer. The catalytic action and the cooling action are exhibited separately, and NOx purification in the catalyst layer is promoted by combustion of residual oxygen in the recirculated exhaust gas and trapped soot, and NOx reduction is achieved. Then, the catalyst layer and the gas cooling layer are arranged in contact with each other through the heat insulating layer, and the catalyst layer and the cooling layer are connected by an intermediate assembly portion, so that the EGR cooler body can be made compact. .
[0021]
In addition, the soot collection and combustion reduces the amount of soot in the recirculated exhaust gas and prevents wear of the piston ring, cylinder liner, valve seat surface and the like inside the engine.
[0022]
Further, since the CO 2 concentration increases, the number of inert components in the exhaust gas increases, so that the actual exhaust gas recirculation rate (EGR rate) increases and tail pipe emissions can be reduced. Furthermore, since the required amount of recirculated exhaust gas is reduced, the required heat radiation capacity is reduced, and the EGR cooler itself can be reduced.
[0023]
In addition, the EGR cooler main body is divided into two parts with a catalyst layer and a cooling layer through a heat insulating layer, so that a compact structure can be provided while providing an exhaust gas purification function. Furthermore, the cooling efficiency of the EGR cooler can be improved by providing the cooling fins.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of an engine showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the EGR cooler according to the same embodiment, with the main part broken away.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the EGR cooler.
FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the EGR cooler.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Engine 6 EGR passage 8 EGR cooler 81 Main body 82 Catalyst layer 83 Cooling layer 84 Heat insulation layer 88 Cooling fin

Claims (2)

排気ガス中のすすを捕集し、燃焼させＮＯｘを浄化する触媒層と、該触媒層から排気される排気ガスを冷却させるガス冷却層とから構成され、該ガス冷却層から排気された排気ガスをエンジンの吸気路側に還流させるＥＧＲ通路に配設される排気ガス浄化機能付きＥＧＲクーラーにおいて、
前記触媒層とガス冷却層とを断熱層を介して隣合わせで接触して配置し、前記触媒層の一端が湾曲状に形成された中間集合部によって前記ガス冷却層の一端に連結され、前記中間集合部で触媒層より排気された排気ガスをガス冷却層に案内したことを特徴とする排気ガス浄化機能付きＥＧＲクーラー。 Exhaust gas exhausted from the gas cooling layer, comprising a catalyst layer that collects soot in the exhaust gas and burns it to purify NOx, and a gas cooling layer that cools the exhaust gas exhausted from the catalyst layer In an EGR cooler with an exhaust gas purification function disposed in an EGR passage that recirculates fuel to the intake passage side of the engine,
The catalyst layer and the gas cooling layer are disposed adjacent to each other through a heat insulating layer, and one end of the catalyst layer is connected to one end of the gas cooling layer by an intermediate gathering portion formed in a curved shape, An EGR cooler with an exhaust gas purifying function , characterized in that exhaust gas exhausted from a catalyst layer at a collecting portion is guided to a gas cooling layer . 前記ガス冷却層の外側に空気冷却フィンを設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の排気ガス浄化機能付きＥＧＲクーラー。 The EGR cooler with an exhaust gas purifying function according to claim 1, wherein air cooling fins are provided outside the gas cooling layer .
JP05264599A 1999-03-01 1999-03-01 EGR cooler with exhaust gas purification function Expired - Fee Related JP3937635B2 (en)

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