JP3936250B2 - Thrust needle roller bearing - Google Patents

Thrust needle roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3936250B2
JP3936250B2 JP2002192011A JP2002192011A JP3936250B2 JP 3936250 B2 JP3936250 B2 JP 3936250B2 JP 2002192011 A JP2002192011 A JP 2002192011A JP 2002192011 A JP2002192011 A JP 2002192011A JP 3936250 B2 JP3936250 B2 JP 3936250B2
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cages
roller
needle
needle roller
radial direction
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JP2004036683A (en
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林  哲也
光介 尾林
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
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Priority to JP2002192011A priority Critical patent/JP3936250B2/en
Priority to EP03254171.6A priority patent/EP1378676B1/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車のオートマチックトランスミッションやコンプレッサー等に使用されるスラスト針状ころ軸受に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
スラスト針状ころ軸受は、針状ころと保持器、および軌道輪とで構成され、針状ころと軌道輪とが線接触する構造であるため、軸受投影面積が小さい割に高負荷容量と高剛性が得られる利点を有している。したがって、希薄潤滑下や高速回転下での運転等、苛酷な使用条件で使用する軸受として好適で、例えば自動車のオートマチックトランスミッション用軸受やエアーコンプレッサー用軸受として広く使用されている。
【0003】
従来、潤滑油の流入性および流出性の少なくとも一方を向上させることにより、通過する単位時間当たりの潤滑油量の増大を図ったスラスト針状ころ軸受が知られている(特開2002−70872号公報参照)。図6に示すように、このスラスト針状ころ軸受50は、複数の針状ころ80と2枚の環状保持器60、70とからなり、この2枚の保持器60、70のそれぞれが径方向において、ころ長よりも長い複数の窓61、71を有し、これら複数の窓61、71に形成されたころ保持部64、74で複数の針状ころ80を上下方向に挟んで保持している。ここで、2枚の保持器60、70が、ころ保持部64、74の径方向長さlaをころ長lよりも短くし、かつ、2枚の保持器60、70のうちの少なくとも一方を折り曲げ加工することにより、ころ保持部64、74に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分の、少なくとも一方の上下方向の厚さt、tを、ころ保持部64、74の上下方向の厚さtよりも薄くして形成している。
【0004】
これにより、厚さを薄くしたころ保持部64、74に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分の、少なくとも一方側の潤滑油の流入性あるいは流出性が向上し、軸受を通過する単位時間当たりの潤滑油量を増加させることができる。さらに、保持器60、70によって潤滑油の通過が遮られにくくなるので潤滑油が滞留せず、油温の上昇を抑制することができ、軸受の耐久性を向上させることができる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この従来のスラスト針状ころ軸受50にあっては、2枚の保持器60、70が、外側板部62、72を互いに上下方向に重ね合わせると共に、内側板部63、73の最内端部67、77を互いに重なる方向に上下方向に折り曲げて内側板部63の最内端部67を加締ることによって2枚の保持器60、70を一体に固定するようにしている。そのため単に重ね合わせた外側板部62、72が運転中に離反し、保持器60、70、特にこの加締部に無理な応力が発生して耐久性が低下すると共に、針状ころ80の保持が不安定になって好ましくない。
【0006】
また、内側板部63、73の加締側では、針状ころ80と保持器60、70の窓61、71との接触面積を広くとることができず、針状ころ80の端面、特に外径側の端面が遠心力によって窓61、71の壁面に押付けられ、さらに針状ころ80の自転による接触が加わって、窓61、71に異常摩耗が生じる現象、所謂ドリリング摩耗を誘発する恐れがある。
【0007】
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、潤滑油の通油性の向上を図ると共に、保持器のドリリング摩耗を抑制し、強度耐久性を高めたスラスト針状ころ軸受を提供することを目的としている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
係る目的を達成すべく、本発明のうち請求項1記載の発明は、複数の針状ころと2枚の環状の保持器とを備え、この2枚の保持器のそれぞれが径方向において前記針状ころの長さよりも僅かに長い複数のポケットを有し、前記2枚の保持器が前記複数のポケットに形成されたころ保持部で前記複数の針状ころを上下方向に挟んで保持するスラスト針状ころ軸受において、前記2枚の保持器が、前記ころ保持部の径方向の長さを前記針状ころの長さよりも短くし、かつ、前記2枚の保持器を折り曲げ加工することにより、前記ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分双方の上下方向の厚さを、前記ころ保持部の上下方向の厚さよりも薄くして形成すると共に、前記2枚の保持器の外側部分および内側部分を互いに上下方向に重合させ、前記2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を、前記2枚の保持器を互いに逆の方向に折り返すように加締て固定した構成を採用した。
【0009】
このように、ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分の上下方向の厚さを薄くしたことにより、潤滑油の流出性だけでなく流入性も向上させることができる。したがって、軸受各部の焼付きを確実に防止することができると共に、針状ころの端面と保持器のポケットとのドリリング摩耗を抑制することができる。また、保持器によって潤滑油の通過が遮られ難くなるため潤滑油が滞留し難くなり、油温の上昇を抑制することができる。したがって、2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を固定することによって得られる保持器の強度アップと相俟って軸受の耐久性を一層向上させることができる。また、前記2枚の保持器の外側部分および内側部分を互いに上下方向に重合させたので、ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分において、潤滑油の流出性と流入性を一層向上させることができると共に、針状ころの端面と保持器のポケットとのドリリング摩耗を一層抑制することができる。
【0012】
また、請求項に記載の発明のように、前記2枚の保持器を、周方向複数箇所の部分加締により固定すれば、加締加工を簡略化することができると共に、加締加工時、保持器変形への影響を防止することができる。好ましくは、2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部における加締部を互いに周方向等間隔に、かつ、その位相をずらして形成すれば、一層保持器変形への影響を防止することができる。
【0014】
また、請求項に記載の発明のように、前記2枚の保持器のうち、一方の保持器の外縁部に切欠き部を形成し、この切欠き部に係合する突起部を他方の外縁部に形成すれば、加締加工時等に両保持器のポケットのピッチがずれるのを防止することができ、針状ころの案内を精度良く安定して行なうことができる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第1の実施形態を示す平面図、(b)は(a)のI−I線に沿った断面図、(c)は(b)の要部拡大図、そして(d)は(a)の要部拡大図である。
【0016】
このスラスト針状ころ軸受1は、複数の針状ころ2とこれら針状ころ2を周方向に所定ピッチで保持する2枚の環状の保持器3、4とからなっている。ここで、2枚の保持器3、4のそれぞれは、径方向において針状ころ2の長さLよりも長い矩形状の複数のポケット5、6を有し、冷間圧延鋼鈑(SPCC)からなる鋼鈑をプレス加工にて形成している。各ポケット5、6の両側縁には対向する方向に突出するころ保持部5a、6aを形成し、これらころ保持部5a、6aで針状ころ2を上下方向に挟んで保持している。なお、保持器3、4は、これ以外にも例えば、SCM415等の帯鋼をプレスで絞り成形しても良い。
【0017】
針状ころ2は、外径側の針状ころ2aと内径側の針状ころ2bで構成し、ポケット5、6内に複列で配置している。各針状ころ2a、2bにおいて、外径側部分と内径側部分との公転周速差が小さくなり、軌道面(図示せず)との滑りが抑制されるので、接触部の発熱が少なく、表面損傷(スミアリング)を防止することができる。図1(d)に示すように、ころ保持部5a、6aの径方向の長さLaはころ長さLよりも短く形成し、ころ保持部5a、6aの両端に形成された凹部5b、6bによって潤滑油が容易に通過することができる。なお、針状ころ2は複列のころ2a、2bで構成したものを例示したが、単一の針状ころであっても良い。また、針状ころ2の端面は、フラットな形状に限らず円弧面で形成しても良い。
【0018】
2枚の保持器3、4のうち、上側保持器3のころ保持部5aの径方向外側は、図1(c)に示すように、ころ保持部5aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部3aと、この傾斜延出部3aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部3bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器3のころ保持部5aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部5aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部3cと、この傾斜延出部3cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部3dとで構成されている。
【0019】
また、上側保持器3と同一型でポケット抜きされた下側保持器4のころ保持部6aの径方向外側は、ころ保持部6aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部4aと、この傾斜延出部4aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部4bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器4のころ保持部6aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部6aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部4cと、この傾斜延出部4cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部4dとで構成されている。
【0020】
そして、2枚の保持器3、4は、外側板部3b、4bを互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、外側板部4bの最外端部を上方向に折り曲げて加締部7を形成している。また、内側板部3c、4cも互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部3dの最内端部を下方向に折り曲げて加締部8を形成している。これら加締部7、8により、2枚の保持器3、4は内外端部を加締固定して強固に一体化されているため、運転中においても2枚の保持器3、4は分離することはない。また、外側板部3b、4bおよび内側板部3d、4dでは、針状ころ2の端面とポケット5、6との接触面積を広くとることができ、ドリリング摩耗を抑制することができる。
【0021】
2枚の保持器3、4を固定した状態では、2枚の保持器3、4がなすころ保持部5a、6aに対して、径方向の外側部分、内側部分とも上下方向の厚さT、Tは、傾斜延出部3a、4aおよび3c、4cが存在することから、ころ保持部5a、6aの上下方向の厚さTよりも薄い。
【0022】
そして、以上の構成を有するスラスト針状ころ軸受1は、図2に示すように、第1軸(回転軸)9の軌道面9aと、第2軸(固定軸)10の軌道面10aとの間を針状ころ2が転動するように、上側保持器3の加締部8を案内面としてすきまばめされる。第1軸9が回転すると、保持器3、4もこの第1軸9とともに回転し、針状ころ2が第1軸9の軌道面9aと第2軸10の軌道面10aとの間を転動する。ここで、図示しない油圧供給源から油路を経由してスラスト針状ころ軸受1内に供給される。
【0023】
潤滑油は、油路を矢印aのように通ってから第2軸10の軌道面10aと下側保持器4のころ保持部6aに対して径方向内側部分との間を矢印bのように通る。その後、潤滑油は、針状ころ2の周囲および保持器3、4で形成される空間内を矢印cのように通って、針状ころ2の側面と保持器3、4のころ保持部5a、6bとの間、針状ころ2の端面との間、および針状ころ2の側面と軌道面9a、10aとの間を潤滑し、第2軸10の軌道面10aと保持器4のころ保持部6aに対して径方向の外側部分との間、および第1軸9の軌道面9aと保持器3のころ保持部5aに対して径方向の外側部分との間を通って矢印dのように排出される。
【0024】
この潤滑油による各部の潤滑に際し、2枚の保持器3、4がなすころ保持部5a、6aに対して、径方向の外側部分、内側部分の上下方向の厚さT、Tをころ保持部5a、6aの上下方向の厚さTよりも薄く形成しているため、第2軸10の軌道面10aと下側保持器4のころ保持部6aに対して径方向の内側部分との間の空間の断面積が従来に比べて大きくなり、潤滑油の流出性だけでなく流入性も向上している。したがって、軸受各部の焼付きを確実に防止することができると共に、針状ころ2の端面と保持器3、4のポケット5、6とのドリリング摩耗を抑制することができる。また、保持器3、4によって潤滑油の通過が遮られ難くなるため潤滑油が滞留し難くなり、油温の上昇を抑制することができ、保持器の強度アップと相俟って軸受の耐久性を一層向上させることができる。
【0025】
次に本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受1の製造手順について詳細に説明する。2枚の保持器3、4と、焼入れ焼戻し済みまたは未焼入れの針状ころ2をセットし、外側板部4bの最外端部を上方向に折り曲げて加締部7を形成すると共に、内側板部3dの最内端部を下方向に折り曲げて加締部8を形成して、2枚の保持器3、4を一体に固定する。ここで、針状ころ2の素材として、例えば高炭素クロム軸受鋼の1種あるいは2種であるSUJ軸受鋼を使用し、840℃×30分で油焼入れ、次いで180℃×90分で焼戻しして表面硬さをビッカース硬度(Hv)で700〜750程度に設定している。
【0026】
その後、針状ころ2と2枚の保持器3、4をセットした状態で浸炭焼入れ焼戻しあるいは浸炭窒化処理後焼入れ焼戻しを施して製品とする。この場合、浸炭処理の条件は、850℃×35分浸炭し(RXガス雰囲気中)、油中に焼入れ、次いで165℃×60分で焼戻する。また、浸炭窒化処理は、浸炭窒化雰囲気(RXガスに容積比で1〜3%のアンモニア添加)で、840〜850℃×35分間保持して浸炭窒化した後、直ちに油中に急冷した。
【0027】
ここで、予め2枚の保持器3、4を570〜580℃×35分で軟窒化処理し強度アップを図っても良い。また、針状ころ2は予め熱処理を施さなくても良いが、組み込みの前に予め熱処理、すなわちずぶ焼入れを施しておけば、製造工程がそれだけ増加することになるが、その一方で、その後実施される浸炭あるいは浸炭窒化処理によってさらなる強度向上を達成できるという利点がある。少なくとも2枚の保持器3、4および針状ころ2を別々に熱処理し、加締部を焼きなまししていた従来の方法に比べ製造工程は簡略化されたものとなる。なお、保持器3、4を軟窒化処理をすれば、保持器3、4と針状ころ2を別々に熱処理し、保持器3、4と針状ころ2とをセットした後、保持器3、4を加締ることもできる。
【0028】
前述した手順でスラスト針状ころ軸受1を製造することによって、下記に示すような具体的な特性を付与することができる。次に、これらの特性について詳細に説明する。
【0029】
まず針状ころ2は、その表層部に浸炭層あるいは浸炭窒化層が形成されているので、表層の硬度は従来品と比べて高くなっており、高硬度の異物を噛み込んでも圧痕が生じ難く、長寿命化に寄与する。また、浸炭窒化処理においては、窒素富化層が形成され、かつその残留オーステナイト量が20容積%以上と多く形成することができる。これは、軌道面9a、10aに高硬度の異物を噛み込むと、従来では圧痕周辺で応力集中源となるが、多量に存在する残留オーステナイトの塑性変形によってこうした応力集中が緩和され、高硬度の効果と共に長寿命化に寄与することができる。なお、窒素富化層は、具体的には厚みを0.1mm以上、表面硬さ750Hv以上とすることができる。さらに、内部硬さも表面硬さと同程度に高めることができ、針状ころ2全体の強度を向上させることができる。したがって、苛酷な条件、例えば高荷重の条件で使用される場合であっても充分負荷し、所望の寿命を満足することができる。
【0030】
保持器3、4の場合は、針状ころ2と同様、その表層部に浸炭層あるいは浸炭窒化層が形成され、少表面硬さをなくとも400Hv、熱処理の条件によっては600Hv以上とすることができる。したがって、従来のものに比べ耐摩耗性を向上させることができる。
【0031】
図3(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第2の実施形態を示す平面図、(b)は(a)のIII−O−III線に沿った断面図、(c)は(a)の底面図、(d)は(b)のA部拡大図、そして(e)は(b)のB部拡大図である。この第2の実施形態は前述した第1の実施形態と保持器形状と加締方法が異なるのみで、その他同一部品同一部位には同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【0032】
このスラスト針状ころ軸受11は、複数の針状ころ2とこれら針状ころ2を周方向に所定ピッチで保持する2枚の環状の保持器13、14とからなっている。2枚の保持器13、14のうち、上側保持器13のころ保持部15aの径方向外側は、図3(d)に示すように、ころ保持部15aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部13aと、この傾斜延出部13aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部13bとで構成されている。
【0033】
また、上側保持器13のころ保持部15aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部15aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部13cと、この傾斜延出部13cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部13dとで構成されている。また、上側保持器13と同一型でポケット抜きされた下側保持器14のころ保持部16aの径方向外側は、ころ保持部16aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部14aと、この傾斜延出部14aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部14bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器14のころ保持部16aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部16aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部14cと、この傾斜延出部14cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部14dとで構成されている。
【0034】
そして、2枚の保持器13、14は、図3(d)に示すように、外側板部13b、14bを互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、外側板部14bの最外端部の一部を上方向に折り曲げて部分加締部17を形成している。一方、内側板部13d、14dは互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部13dの最内端部を下方向に折り曲げている。また、図3(e)に示すように、外側板部13b、14bを互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、外側板部14bの最外端部を上方向に折り曲げている。さらに、内側板部13c、14cは互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部13dの最内端部の一部を下方向に折り曲げて部分加締部18を形成している。これら部分加締部17、18により、2枚の保持器13、14は内外端部を強固に一体化されると共に、前述した第1の実施形態における全周加締に比べ、加締工程を格段に簡略化することができる。
【0035】
19は2枚の保持器13、14の位相合わせ用の位置決め部で、例えば、上側保持器13の外縁に切欠き部(図示せず)を形成すると共に、下側保持器14の外縁に形成した突起部(図示せず)を係合させ、加締加工等に両保持器13、14のポケット15、16のピッチがずれないようにしている。また、これらの部分加締部17、18は周縁の4箇所に、その位相を45°ずらせて形成し、加締加工時、保持器変形への影響を防止している。なお、加締箇所は4箇所に限らず、例えば5〜8箇所であっても良い。
【0036】
図4(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第3の実施形態を示す平面図、(b)は(a)のIV−O−IV線に沿った断面図、(c)は(b)のC部拡大図、そして(d)は(b)のD部拡大図である。この第3の実施形態は前述した第2の実施形態と加締方向が異なるのみで、その他同一部品同一部位には同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【0037】
このスラスト針状ころ軸受11’は、複数の針状ころ2とこれら針状ころ2を周方向に所定ピッチで保持する2枚の環状の保持器13’、14’とからなっている。2枚の保持器13’、14’のうち、上側保持器13’のころ保持部15aの径方向外側は、図4(c)に示すように、ころ保持部15aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部13aと、この傾斜延出部13aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部13bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器13のころ保持部15aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部15aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部13cと、この傾斜延出部13cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部13d’とで構成されている。
【0038】
また、下側保持器14のころ保持部16aの径方向外側は、ころ保持部16aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部14aと、この傾斜延出部14aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部14bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器14のころ保持部16aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部16aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部14cと、この傾斜延出部14cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部14d’とで構成されている。
【0039】
そして、2枚の保持器13’、14’は、図4(c)に示すように、外側板部13b、14bを互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、外側板部14bの最外端部の一部を上方向に折り曲げて部分加締部17を形成している。一方、内側板部13d’、14d’は互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部14d’の最内端部を上方向に折り曲げている。また、図4(d)に示すように、内側板部13d’、14d’は互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部14d’の最内端部の一部を上方向に折り曲げて部分加締部18’を形成している。これら部分加締部17、18’により、2枚の保持器13’、14’は内外端部を強固に一体化されると共に、前述した第2の実施形態における部分加締と異なり、同一面に部分加締部17、18’が存在するため、加締加工のさらなる簡略化ができる。
【0040】
図5(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第4の実施形態を示す平面図、(b)は(a)のV−O−V線に沿った断面図、(c)は(b)のE部拡大図である。この第4の実施形態は前述した第1乃至3の実施形態とは2枚の保持器の固定手段が異なるのみで、その他同一部品同一部位には同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【0041】
このスラスト針状ころ軸受21は、複数の針状ころ2とこれら針状ころ2を周方向に所定ピッチで保持する2枚の環状の保持器23、24とからなっている。2枚の保持器23、24のうち、上側保持器23のころ保持部25aの径方向外側は、図5(c)に示すように、ころ保持部25aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部23aと、この傾斜延出部23aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部23bとで構成されている。また、上側保持器23のころ保持部25aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部25aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部23cと、この傾斜延出部23cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部23dとで構成されている。
【0042】
また、下側保持器24のころ保持部26aの径方向外側は、ころ保持部26aの外端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部24aと、この傾斜延出部24aの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた外側板部24bとで構成されている。また、下側保持器24のころ保持部26aの径方向内側は、同じくころ保持部26aの内端から折り曲げられた傾斜延出部24cと、この傾斜延出部24cの下端から径方向に向けて折り曲げられた内側板部24dとで構成されている。
【0043】
そして、2枚の保持器23、24は、図5(c)に示すように、外側板部23b、24bを互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、外側板部24bの最外端部を上方向に折り曲げている。一方、内側板部23d、24dは互いに上下方向に重合させると共に、内側板部24dの最内端部を上方向に折り曲げている。なお、内側板部23dの最内端部を下方向に折り曲げても良い。この第4の実施形態では、2枚の保持器23、24を図5(a)に示すように、それぞれの外周部と内周部をスポット溶接部27、28で一体に固定している。これらの溶接部27、28は周方向等配に4箇所、互いに位相を45°ずれせて設けている。これにより、溶接による保持器変形への影響を防止している。
【0044】
29は2枚の保持器23、24の位相合わせ用の位置決め部で、上側保持器23の外縁に突起部29aを形成すると共に、下側保持器24の外縁に形成した切欠き部29bを係合させ、2枚の保持器23、24のポケット25、26の位相がずれないようにしている。なお、この位置決め部29はこうした構成に限らず、例えば、下側保持器24の外縁部の一部を加締、上側保持器23に係合させて固定する所謂ステ−キング方式や、ピンと孔による係合方式であっても良い。
【0045】
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明を行ったが、本発明はこうした実施の形態に何等限定されるものではなく、あくまで例示であって、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、さらに種々なる形態で実施し得ることは勿論のことであり、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲の記載によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲に記載の均等の意味、および範囲内のすべての変更を含む。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受は、複数の針状ころと2枚の環状の保持器とを備え、この2枚の保持器のそれぞれが径方向において前記針状ころの長さよりも僅かに長い複数のポケットを有し、前記2枚の保持器が前記複数のポケットに形成されたころ保持部で前記複数の針状ころを上下方向に挟んで保持するスラスト針状ころ軸受において、前記2枚の保持器が、前記ころ保持部の径方向の長さを前記針状ころの長さよりも短くし、かつ、前記2枚の保持器を折り曲げ加工することにより、前記ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分双方の上下方向の厚さを、前記ころ保持部の上下方向の厚さよりも薄くして形成すると共に、前記2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を固定したので、上下方向の厚さを薄くした、ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分において、潤滑油の流出性だけでなく流入性も向上させることができる。したがって、軸受各部の焼付きを確実に防止することができると共に、針状ころの端面と保持器のポケットとのドリリング摩耗を抑制することができる。また、保持器によって潤滑油の通過が遮られ難くなるため潤滑油が滞留し難くなり、油温の上昇を抑制することができる。したがって、2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を固定することによって得られる保持器の強度アップと相俟って軸受の耐久性を一層向上させることができる。
【0047】
さらに、2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を部分加締あるいはスポット溶接により固定すれば、2枚の保持器を確実に固定できると共に、これら保持器の変形を防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第1の実施形態を示す平面図である。
(b)は(a)のI−I線に沿った断面図である。
(c)は(b)の要部拡大図である。
(d)は(a)のポケット部の要部拡大図である。
【図2】本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の使用状態を説明する部分断面図である。
【図3】(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第2の実施形態を示す平面図である。
(b)は(a)のIII−O−III線に沿った断面図である。
(c)は(a)の底面図である。
(d)は(b)のA部拡大図である。
(e)は(b)のB部拡大図である。
【図4】(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第3の実施形態を示す平面図である。
(b)は(a)のIV−O−IV線に沿った断面図である。
(c)は(b)のC部拡大図である。
(d)は(b)のD部拡大図である。
【図5】(a)は、本発明に係るスラスト針状ころ軸受の第4の実施形態を示す平面図である。
(b)は(a)のV−O−V線に沿った断面図である。
(c)は(b)のE部拡大図である。
【図6】(a)は、従来のスラスト針状ころ軸受示す部分平面図である。
(b)は、同上(a)のVIb−VIb線に沿った断面図である。
(c)は、同上(b)のVIc−VIc線に沿った断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1、11、11’、21・・・・・・・・スラスト針状ころ軸受
2・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・針状ころ
2a・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・外径側針状ころ
2b・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・内径側針状ころ
3、13、13’、23・・・・・・・・上側保持器
3a、13a、23a・・・・・・・・・傾斜延出部
3b、13b、23b・・・・・・・・・外側板部
3c、13c、23c・・・・・・・・・傾斜延出部
3d、13d、13d’、23d・・・・内側板部
4a、14a、24a・・・・・・・・・傾斜延出部
4b、14b、24b・・・・・・・・・外側板部
4c、14c、24c・・・・・・・・・傾斜延出部
4d、14d、14d’、24d・・・・内側板部
4、14、14’、24・・・・・・・・下側保持器
5、15、25・・・・・・・・・・・・ポケット
5a、15a、25a・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部
5b、6b・・・・・・・・・・・・・・凹部
6、16、26・・・・・・・・・・・・ポケット
6a、16a、26a・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部
7、8・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・加締部
17、18、18’・・・・・・・・・・部分加締部
9・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・第1軸
9a、10a・・・・・・・・・・・・・軌道面
10・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・第2軸
19、29・・・・・・・・・・・・・・位置決め部
29a・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・突起部
29b・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・切欠き部
50・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・スラスト針状ころ軸受
60・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・上側保持器
61、71・・・・・・・・・・・・・・窓
70・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・下側保持器
62、72・・・・・・・・・・・・・・外側板部
63、73・・・・・・・・・・・・・・内側板部
64、74・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部
67、77・・・・・・・・・・・・・・最内端部
80・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・針状ころ
L、l・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ長さ
La、la・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部の径方向の長さ
、t・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部の上下方向の厚さ
、t・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部の外側部分の上下方向厚さ
、t・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ころ保持部の内側部分の上下方向厚さ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a thrust needle roller bearing used in an automatic transmission or a compressor of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A thrust needle roller bearing is composed of a needle roller, a cage, and a bearing ring, and has a structure in which the needle roller and the bearing ring are in line contact with each other. It has the advantage that rigidity is obtained. Therefore, it is suitable as a bearing used under severe usage conditions such as operation under lean lubrication or high-speed rotation, and is widely used, for example, as a bearing for an automatic transmission of an automobile or a bearing for an air compressor.
[0003]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a thrust needle roller bearing is known in which at least one of lubricating oil inflow and outflow properties is improved to increase the amount of lubricating oil per unit time passing therethrough (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-70872). See the official gazette). As shown in FIG. 6, the thrust needle roller bearing 50 includes a plurality of needle rollers 80 and two annular cages 60 and 70, and each of the two cages 60 and 70 is in the radial direction. , A plurality of windows 61, 71 longer than the roller length are provided, and a plurality of needle rollers 80 are vertically held by roller holding portions 64, 74 formed in the plurality of windows 61, 71. Yes. Here, the two cages 60 and 70 make the radial length la of the roller holders 64 and 74 shorter than the roller length l, and at least one of the two cages 60 and 70 is used. By bending, at least one vertical thickness t 1 , t 2 of the radially outer portion and the inner portion with respect to the roller holding portions 64, 74 is set in the vertical direction of the roller holding portions 64, 74. It is formed by thinner than the thickness t 0.
[0004]
As a result, the inflow or outflow of lubricating oil on at least one of the radially outer portion and the inner portion with respect to the roller holding portions 64 and 74 having a reduced thickness is improved, and per unit time passing through the bearing. The amount of lubricating oil can be increased. Furthermore, since it becomes difficult for the cages 60 and 70 to block the passage of the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil does not stay, the rise in the oil temperature can be suppressed, and the durability of the bearing can be improved.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this conventional thrust needle roller bearing 50, the two cages 60 and 70 overlap the outer plate portions 62 and 72 with each other in the vertical direction, and the innermost plate portions 63 and 73 are innermost. The two retainers 60 and 70 are fixed together by bending the end portions 67 and 77 in the vertical direction so as to overlap each other and crimping the innermost end portion 67 of the inner plate portion 63. Therefore, the simply overlapped outer plate portions 62 and 72 are separated during operation, and an excessive stress is generated in the cages 60 and 70, particularly the caulking portion, thereby reducing durability and holding the needle rollers 80. Becomes unstable.
[0006]
Further, on the caulking side of the inner plate parts 63 and 73, the contact area between the needle rollers 80 and the windows 61 and 71 of the cages 60 and 70 cannot be increased, and the end surfaces of the needle rollers 80, particularly the outer surfaces, The end face on the radial side is pressed against the wall surfaces of the windows 61 and 71 by centrifugal force, and contact due to the rotation of the needle rollers 80 is added. is there.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a thrust needle roller bearing that improves the oil permeability of the lubricating oil, suppresses drilling wear of the cage, and enhances the strength durability. The purpose is that.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of needle rollers and two annular cages, and each of the two cages is the needle in the radial direction. A thrust having a plurality of pockets slightly longer than the length of the tapered rollers, and the two cages holding the plurality of needle rollers in a vertical direction by a roller holding portion formed in the plurality of pockets. In the needle roller bearing, the two cages are configured such that the length of the roller holding portion in the radial direction is shorter than the length of the needle rollers, and the two cages are bent. The thickness of both the outer and inner portions in the radial direction with respect to the roller holding portion is formed to be smaller than the thickness in the vertical direction of the roller holding portion, and the two cages The outer part and inner part are superposed on each other vertically The outermost end and innermost end both in the radial direction of the two cages were adopted fixed structure by caulking to wrap the two cages to opposite directions.
[0009]
Thus, by reducing the thickness in the vertical direction of the outer portion and the inner portion in the radial direction with respect to the roller holding portion, not only the flowability of the lubricating oil but also the flowability can be improved. Therefore, seizure of each part of the bearing can be surely prevented, and drilling wear between the end face of the needle roller and the pocket of the cage can be suppressed. In addition, since the passage of the lubricating oil is not easily blocked by the cage, the lubricating oil is less likely to stay, and an increase in the oil temperature can be suppressed. Therefore, the durability of the bearing can be further improved in combination with an increase in strength of the cage obtained by fixing both the radially outermost end portion and the innermost end portion of the two cages. Further, since the outer portion and the inner portion of the two cages are superposed in the vertical direction, the lubricating oil can be further discharged and flowed in the radially outer portion and the inner portion with respect to the roller holding portion. In addition to being able to improve, drilling wear between the end face of the needle roller and the pocket of the cage can be further suppressed.
[0012]
Further, as in the invention according to claim 2 , if the two cages are fixed by partial caulking at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, the caulking process can be simplified and the caulking process can be performed. The influence on the cage deformation can be prevented. Preferably, if the crimping portions at the radially outermost end portion and the innermost end portion of the two cages are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and shifted in phase, the cage is further deformed. The influence can be prevented.
[0014]
Further, as in the invention according to claim 3 , of the two cages, a notch portion is formed on an outer edge portion of one of the cages, and a protruding portion that engages with the notch portion is provided on the other cage. If it is formed on the outer edge portion, it is possible to prevent the pitch of the pockets of both the cages from shifting during caulking, and the needle rollers can be guided accurately and stably.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig.1 (a) is a top view which shows 1st Embodiment of the thrust needle roller bearing which concerns on this invention, (b) is sectional drawing along the II line | wire of (a), (c) is ( The main part enlarged view of b) and (d) are the main part enlarged views of (a).
[0016]
The thrust needle roller bearing 1 includes a plurality of needle rollers 2 and two annular cages 3 and 4 that hold the needle rollers 2 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. Here, each of the two cages 3 and 4 has a plurality of rectangular pockets 5 and 6 that are longer than the length L of the needle roller 2 in the radial direction, and cold rolled steel plate (SPCC). A steel plate made of is formed by press working. Roller holding portions 5a and 6a projecting in opposite directions are formed on both side edges of the pockets 5 and 6, and the needle rollers 2 are held between the roller holding portions 5a and 6a in the vertical direction. In addition, the cages 3 and 4 may be formed by drawing a steel strip such as SCM415 with a press.
[0017]
The needle roller 2 is composed of a needle roller 2 a on the outer diameter side and a needle roller 2 b on the inner diameter side, and is arranged in double rows in the pockets 5 and 6. In each of the needle rollers 2a, 2b, the revolution peripheral speed difference between the outer diameter side portion and the inner diameter side portion becomes small, and slippage with the raceway surface (not shown) is suppressed, so that heat generation at the contact portion is small, Surface damage (smearing) can be prevented. As shown in FIG. 1D, the radial length La of the roller holding portions 5a, 6a is shorter than the roller length L, and the recesses 5b, 6b formed at both ends of the roller holding portions 5a, 6a. Allows the lubricating oil to pass easily. In addition, although the needle roller 2 illustrated what was comprised by the double row roller 2a, 2b, a single needle roller may be sufficient. Further, the end surface of the needle roller 2 is not limited to a flat shape, and may be formed as an arc surface.
[0018]
Of the two cages 3 and 4, the outer side in the radial direction of the roller holding portion 5a of the upper cage 3 is inclined and extended from the outer end of the roller holding portion 5a, as shown in FIG. It is comprised by the part 3a and the outer side board part 3b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of this inclination extension part 3a. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 5a of the upper cage 3 is similarly inclined extending portion 3c bent from the inner end of the roller holding portion 5a, and radially extending from the lower end of this inclined extending portion 3c. The inner plate portion 3d is bent.
[0019]
Further, the outer side in the radial direction of the roller holder 6a of the lower holder 4 that is pocketed with the same type as the upper holder 3 is an inclined extending part 4a bent from the outer end of the roller holder 6a, and this inclined part. It is comprised by the outer side board part 4b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of the extension part 4a. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 6a of the upper cage 4 is similarly inclined and extended from the inner end of the roller holding portion 6a and from the lower end of the inclined and extended portion 4c in the radial direction. The inner plate part 4d is bent.
[0020]
The two cages 3 and 4 superimpose the outer plate portions 3b and 4b in the vertical direction and bend the outermost end portion of the outer plate portion 4b upward to form the crimped portion 7. Yes. The inner plate portions 3c and 4c are also superposed in the vertical direction, and the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 3d is bent downward to form the crimped portion 8. The two cages 3 and 4 are firmly integrated by crimping and fixing the inner and outer ends by these crimping portions 7 and 8, so that the two cages 3 and 4 are separated even during operation. Never do. Further, in the outer plate portions 3b and 4b and the inner plate portions 3d and 4d, the contact area between the end surface of the needle roller 2 and the pockets 5 and 6 can be increased, and drilling wear can be suppressed.
[0021]
In a state where the two cages 3 and 4 are fixed, the thickness T 1 in the vertical direction of both the radially outer portion and the inner portion with respect to the roller holding portions 5a and 6a formed by the two cages 3 and 4 is determined. , T 2 is inclined extension portion 3a, 4a and 3c, since 4c is present, roller retaining portions 5a, thinner than the thickness T 0 of the vertical 6a.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the thrust needle roller bearing 1 having the above configuration includes a raceway surface 9a of the first shaft (rotary shaft) 9 and a raceway surface 10a of the second shaft (fixed shaft) 10. The needle roller 2 rolls between them, and the crimping portion 8 of the upper cage 3 is used as a guide surface for clearance fitting. When the first shaft 9 rotates, the cages 3 and 4 also rotate with the first shaft 9, and the needle rollers 2 roll between the track surface 9 a of the first shaft 9 and the track surface 10 a of the second shaft 10. Move. Here, it is supplied into the thrust needle roller bearing 1 via an oil passage from a hydraulic supply source (not shown).
[0023]
The lubricating oil passes through the oil passage as indicated by arrow a, and then the gap between the raceway surface 10a of the second shaft 10 and the inner portion in the radial direction with respect to the roller holding portion 6a of the lower cage 4 is indicated by arrow b. Pass through. Thereafter, the lubricating oil passes through the circumference of the needle roller 2 and the space formed by the cages 3 and 4 as indicated by an arrow c, and the side surfaces of the needle rollers 2 and the roller holding portions 5a of the cages 3 and 4 are obtained. 6b, between the end surface of the needle roller 2 and between the side surface of the needle roller 2 and the raceway surfaces 9a, 10a, and the raceway surface 10a of the second shaft 10 and the rollers of the cage 4. The arrow d passes between the holding portion 6a and the outer portion in the radial direction and between the raceway surface 9a of the first shaft 9 and the outer portion in the radial direction with respect to the roller holding portion 5a of the cage 3. So that it is discharged.
[0024]
When the respective parts are lubricated with this lubricating oil, the thicknesses T 1 and T 2 in the vertical direction of the radially outer portion and the inner portion are set to the rollers with respect to the roller holding portions 5a and 6a formed by the two cages 3 and 4. holding portion 5a, because it thinner than the thickness T 0 of the vertical 6a, a inner portion of the radial direction relative to the raceway surface 10a and the roller retaining portion 6a of the lower cage 4 of the second shaft 10 The cross-sectional area of the space between them is larger than the conventional one, and not only the lubricating oil outflow property but also the inflowing property is improved. Therefore, seizure of each part of the bearing can be reliably prevented, and drilling wear between the end surface of the needle roller 2 and the pockets 5 and 6 of the cages 3 and 4 can be suppressed. Also, the cages 3 and 4 are less likely to block the passage of the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil is less likely to stay, the rise in oil temperature can be suppressed, and the durability of the bearing combined with the increased strength of the cage. Property can be further improved.
[0025]
Next, the manufacturing procedure of the thrust needle roller bearing 1 according to the present invention will be described in detail. Set the two cages 3 and 4 and the quenched and tempered or non-quenched needle rollers 2, and bend the outermost end portion of the outer plate 4b upward to form the crimped portion 7, and the inner side The innermost end portion of the plate portion 3d is bent downward to form the crimped portion 8, and the two retainers 3 and 4 are fixed together. Here, as a material of the needle roller 2, for example, SUJ bearing steel which is one or two kinds of high carbon chromium bearing steel is used, oil quenching is performed at 840 ° C. × 30 minutes, and then tempering is performed at 180 ° C. × 90 minutes. The surface hardness is set to about 700 to 750 in terms of Vickers hardness (Hv).
[0026]
Thereafter, carburizing and tempering or quenching and tempering after carbonitriding is performed with the needle roller 2 and the two cages 3 and 4 being set to obtain a product. In this case, the carburizing treatment is performed at 850 ° C. for 35 minutes (in an RX gas atmosphere), quenched in oil, and then tempered at 165 ° C. for 60 minutes. In the carbonitriding treatment, carbonitriding was carried out by holding at 840 to 850 ° C. for 35 minutes in a carbonitriding atmosphere (1 to 3% by volume of ammonia added to RX gas), and then immediately quenching in oil.
[0027]
Here, the strength may be increased by soft nitriding the two cages 3 and 4 in advance at 570 to 580 ° C. for 35 minutes. In addition, the needle roller 2 does not need to be heat-treated in advance, but if heat treatment is performed in advance, that is, thorough quenching before assembling, the manufacturing process will be increased accordingly. There is an advantage that further strength improvement can be achieved by carburizing or carbonitriding treatment. The manufacturing process is simplified as compared with the conventional method in which at least two cages 3 and 4 and needle roller 2 are separately heat-treated and the crimped portion is annealed. If the cages 3 and 4 are subjected to soft nitriding treatment, the cages 3 and 4 and the needle rollers 2 are separately heat-treated, and after the cages 3 and 4 and the needle rollers 2 are set, the cage 3 4 can be tightened.
[0028]
By manufacturing the thrust needle roller bearing 1 according to the procedure described above, the following specific characteristics can be imparted. Next, these characteristics will be described in detail.
[0029]
First, since the carburized layer or the carbonitrided layer is formed on the surface layer portion of the needle roller 2, the hardness of the surface layer is higher than that of the conventional product, and indentation hardly occurs even when a high-hardness foreign matter is bitten. Contributes to longer life. In the carbonitriding process, a nitrogen-enriched layer is formed, and the amount of retained austenite can be as large as 20% by volume or more. This is because, when a foreign material having high hardness is caught in the raceway surfaces 9a and 10a, conventionally, it becomes a stress concentration source around the indentation. It can contribute to extending the life as well as the effect. The nitrogen-enriched layer can specifically have a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and a surface hardness of 750 Hv or more. Furthermore, the internal hardness can be increased to the same extent as the surface hardness, and the strength of the entire needle roller 2 can be improved. Therefore, even if it is used under severe conditions, for example, high load conditions, it can be fully loaded and the desired life can be satisfied.
[0030]
In the case of the cages 3 and 4, similarly to the needle roller 2, a carburized layer or a carbonitrided layer is formed on the surface portion thereof, and even if the surface hardness is not low, it may be 400 Hv or more than 600 Hv depending on heat treatment conditions. it can. Therefore, the wear resistance can be improved as compared with the conventional one.
[0031]
FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention, FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along line III-O-III in FIG. (A) is a bottom view of (a), (d) is an enlarged view of part A of (b), and (e) is an enlarged view of part B of (b). The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the shape of the cage and the caulking method. The same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts of the same parts, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0032]
The thrust needle roller bearing 11 includes a plurality of needle rollers 2 and two annular retainers 13 and 14 that hold the needle rollers 2 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. Of the two cages 13 and 14, the radially outer side of the roller holder 15a of the upper cage 13 is inclined and extended from the outer end of the roller holder 15a as shown in FIG. It is comprised by the part 13a and the outer side board part 13b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of this inclination extension part 13a.
[0033]
Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 15a of the upper cage 13 is similarly inclined and extended from the inner end of the roller holding portion 15a and from the lower end of the inclined and extending portion 13c toward the radial direction. The inner plate portion 13d is bent. Further, the outer side in the radial direction of the roller holder 16a of the lower holder 14 which is pocketed with the same type as the upper holder 13 is inclined and extended by an inclined extension 14a bent from the outer end of the roller holder 16a. It is comprised by the outer side board part 14b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of the extension part 14a. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 16a of the upper cage 14 is similarly inclined extending portion 14c bent from the inner end of the roller holding portion 16a, and radially extending from the lower end of this inclined extending portion 14c. The inner plate portion 14d is bent.
[0034]
Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (d), the two cages 13 and 14 superimpose the outer plate portions 13b and 14b in the vertical direction, and a part of the outermost end portion of the outer plate portion 14b. The partial crimping portion 17 is formed by bending upward. On the other hand, the inner plate portions 13d and 14d are superposed in the vertical direction, and the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 13d is bent downward. Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, the outer side plate portions 13b and 14b are superposed in the vertical direction, and the outermost end portion of the outer side plate portion 14b is bent upward. Further, the inner plate portions 13c and 14c are superposed in the vertical direction, and a partial caulking portion 18 is formed by bending a part of the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 13d downward. The two cages 13 and 14 are firmly integrated at the inner and outer ends by the partial crimping portions 17 and 18, and the caulking process is performed as compared with the all-around caulking in the first embodiment described above. It can be greatly simplified.
[0035]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a positioning portion for phasing the two cages 13 and 14. For example, a notch (not shown) is formed on the outer edge of the upper cage 13 and formed on the outer edge of the lower cage 14. The raised protrusions (not shown) are engaged so that the pitches of the pockets 15 and 16 of the cages 13 and 14 are not shifted during caulking. Further, these partial crimping portions 17 and 18 are formed at four positions on the peripheral edge with their phases shifted by 45 ° to prevent influence on the cage deformation during the crimping process. In addition, the crimping location is not limited to 4 locations, and may be 5 to 8 locations, for example.
[0036]
4A is a plan view showing a third embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-O-IV in FIG. 4A, and FIG. (B) is an enlarged view of part C, and (d) is an enlarged view of part D of (b). The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment described above only in the caulking direction. The same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts of the same parts, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0037]
The thrust needle roller bearing 11 ′ includes a plurality of needle rollers 2 and two annular retainers 13 ′ and 14 ′ that hold the needle rollers 2 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. Of the two cages 13 ′ and 14 ′, the radially outer side of the roller holder 15a of the upper cage 13 ′ is bent from the outer end of the roller holder 15a as shown in FIG. 4C. It is comprised by the inclination extension part 13a and the outer side board part 13b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of this inclination extension part 13a. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 15a of the upper cage 13 is similarly inclined and extended from the inner end of the roller holding portion 15a and from the lower end of the inclined and extending portion 13c toward the radial direction. It is comprised by the bent inner side board part 13d '.
[0038]
In addition, the radially outer side of the roller holding portion 16a of the lower cage 14 is inclined from the outer end of the roller holding portion 16a and the inclined extending portion 14a toward the radial direction from the lower end of the inclined extending portion 14a. It is comprised by the outer side board part 14b bent. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 16a of the upper cage 14 is similarly inclined extending portion 14c bent from the inner end of the roller holding portion 16a, and radially extending from the lower end of this inclined extending portion 14c. The inner plate portion 14d 'is bent.
[0039]
As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the two cages 13 ′ and 14 ′ superpose the outer plate portions 13b and 14b in the vertical direction, and one of the outermost end portions of the outer plate portion 14b. The partial crimping portion 17 is formed by bending the portion upward. On the other hand, the inner plate portions 13d ′ and 14d ′ are superposed in the vertical direction, and the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 14d ′ is bent upward. Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the inner plate portions 13d ′ and 14d ′ are overlapped with each other in the vertical direction, and a part of the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 14d ′ is bent upward. A fastening portion 18 'is formed. The two cages 13 ′ and 14 ′ are firmly integrated at the inner and outer ends by the partial crimping portions 17 and 18 ′, and are different from the partial crimping in the second embodiment described above. Therefore, the caulking process can be further simplified.
[0040]
FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-O-V in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion E in (b). The fourth embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments described above only in the fixing means of the two cages, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. To do.
[0041]
The thrust needle roller bearing 21 includes a plurality of needle rollers 2 and two annular retainers 23 and 24 that hold the needle rollers 2 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. Of the two cages 23 and 24, the radially outer side of the roller holder 25a of the upper cage 23 is inclined and extended from the outer end of the roller holder 25a as shown in FIG. 5C. It is comprised by the part 23a and the outer side board part 23b bent toward the radial direction from the lower end of this inclination extension part 23a. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding portion 25a of the upper cage 23 is similarly inclined inclined extending portion 23c bent from the inner end of the roller holding portion 25a and radially extending from the lower end of the inclined extending portion 23c. The inner plate portion 23d is bent.
[0042]
In addition, the radially outer side of the roller holding portion 26a of the lower cage 24 has an inclined extending portion 24a bent from the outer end of the roller holding portion 26a and a radial direction from the lower end of the inclined extending portion 24a. The outer plate portion 24b is bent. Further, the radially inner side of the roller holding part 26a of the lower cage 24 is similarly inclined extending from the inner end of the roller holding part 26a, and from the lower end of the inclined extending part 24c toward the radial direction. The inner plate portion 24d is bent.
[0043]
Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the two cages 23, 24 superimpose the outer plate portions 23b, 24b in the vertical direction and the outermost end portion of the outer plate portion 24b in the upward direction. It is bent. On the other hand, the inner plate portions 23d and 24d are superposed in the vertical direction, and the innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 24d is bent upward. The innermost end portion of the inner plate portion 23d may be bent downward. In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, the two retainers 23 and 24 are integrally fixed to each other by spot welds 27 and 28 as shown in FIG. These welded portions 27 and 28 are provided at four locations in the circumferential direction with a phase shift of 45 ° from each other. Thereby, the influence on the cage deformation by welding is prevented.
[0044]
Reference numeral 29 denotes a positioning portion for phase alignment of the two cages 23 and 24. The projection 29a is formed on the outer edge of the upper cage 23, and the notch 29b formed on the outer edge of the lower cage 24 is engaged. In combination, the phases of the pockets 25 and 26 of the two cages 23 and 24 are prevented from shifting. The positioning portion 29 is not limited to such a configuration. For example, a so-called sticking method in which a part of the outer edge portion of the lower cage 24 is swaged and engaged with the upper cage 23 to fix the positioning portion 29, a pin and a hole are used. The engagement method may be used.
[0045]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and is merely an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further, the equivalent meanings described in the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope of the scope of the present invention are included. Including.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention includes a plurality of needle rollers and two annular cages, and each of the two cages has the needle shape in the radial direction. A thrust needle having a plurality of pockets slightly longer than the length of the rollers, wherein the two cages hold the plurality of needle rollers vertically by a roller holding portion formed in the plurality of pockets. In the tapered roller bearing, the two cages have a radial length of the roller holding portion shorter than the length of the needle rollers, and the two cages are bent. The thickness of both the outer portion and the inner portion in the radial direction with respect to the roller holding portion is formed to be smaller than the thickness in the vertical direction of the roller holding portion, and the diameters of the two cages Fixed both the outermost and innermost ends And the thickness of the vertical direction, the roller in the outer portion and the inner portion of the radial direction with respect to the holding portion can flow into property not only outflow of the lubricating oil also improves. Therefore, seizure of each part of the bearing can be surely prevented, and drilling wear between the end face of the needle roller and the pocket of the cage can be suppressed. In addition, since the passage of the lubricating oil is not easily blocked by the cage, the lubricating oil is less likely to stay, and an increase in the oil temperature can be suppressed. Therefore, the durability of the bearing can be further improved in combination with an increase in strength of the cage obtained by fixing both the radially outermost end portion and the innermost end portion of the two cages.
[0047]
Furthermore, if both the outermost end and the innermost end in the radial direction of the two cages are fixed by partial crimping or spot welding, the two cages can be securely fixed, and deformation of these cages Can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention. FIG.
(B) is sectional drawing along the II line | wire of (a).
(C) is the principal part enlarged view of (b).
(D) is the principal part enlarged view of the pocket part of (a).
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a usage state of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention.
(B) is sectional drawing along the III-O-III line of (a).
(C) is a bottom view of (a).
(D) is the A section enlarged view of (b).
(E) is the B section enlarged view of (b).
FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a third embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention.
(B) is sectional drawing along the IV-O-IV line of (a).
(C) is the C section enlarged view of (b).
(D) is the D section enlarged view of (b).
FIG. 5 (a) is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a thrust needle roller bearing according to the present invention.
(B) is sectional drawing which followed the VOV line of (a).
(C) is the E section enlarged view of (b).
FIG. 6 (a) is a partial plan view showing a conventional thrust needle roller bearing.
(B) is sectional drawing which followed the VIb-VIb line | wire of (a) same as the above.
(C) is sectional drawing which followed the VIc-VIc line | wire of (b) same as the above.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 11, 11 ', 21 ... Thrust needle roller bearing 2 ... Needle roller 2a ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ····················································································································· Outside plate portions 3c, 13c, 23c ... Inclined extension parts 3d, 13d, 13d ', 23d ... Inner plate parts 4a, 14a, 24a ...... Inclined extension parts 4b, 14b, 24b Outer plate portions 4c, 14c, 24c ... Inclined extension portions 4d, 14d, 14d ', 24d ... Inner plate portions 4, 14, 14 ', 24 ......... bottom Cage 5, 15, 25 ... Pocket 5a, 15a, 25a ... Roller holding part 5b, 6b ... ..... Recesses 6, 16, 26 ..... Pockets 6a, 16a, 26a ..... Roller holding parts 7, 8 .... ··················································································································・ First shaft 9a, 10a ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Track surface 10 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Second shaft 19, 29 ・ ・ ・ ・... Positioning part 29a ... Projection part 29b ... Notch Part 50 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Thrust Needle Roller Bearing 60 ・ ・ ・... upper cage 61, 71 ... window 70 ... ··········· Lower cage 62, 72 ····················································································・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Roller holding part 67, 77 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Innermost end part 80 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・... Needle rollers L, l ... Roller length La, la ... radial length T 0 of, t 0 ··············· in the vertical direction of the roller retaining portion thickness T 1, t 1 ·········· .... Thickness T 2 , t 2 in the vertical direction of the outer part of the roller holding part ... ... Inside of the roller holding part Vertical thickness of the part

Claims (3)

複数の針状ころと2枚の環状の保持器とを備え、この2枚の保持器のそれぞれが径方向において前記針状ころの長さよりも僅かに長い複数のポケットを有し、前記2枚の保持器が前記複数のポケットに形成されたころ保持部で前記複数の針状ころを上下方向に挟んで保持するスラスト針状ころ軸受において、
前記2枚の保持器が、前記ころ保持部の径方向の長さを前記針状ころの長さよりも短くし、かつ、前記2枚の保持器を折り曲げ加工することにより、前記ころ保持部に対して径方向の外側部分および内側部分双方の上下方向の厚さを、前記ころ保持部の上下方向の厚さよりも薄くして形成すると共に、前記2枚の保持器の外側部分および内側部分を互いに上下方向に重合させ、前記2枚の保持器の径方向の最外端部および最内端部双方を、前記2枚の保持器を互いに逆の方向に折り返すように加締て固定したことを特徴とするスラスト針状ころ軸受。
A plurality of needle rollers and two annular cages, each of the two cages having a plurality of pockets slightly longer than the length of the needle rollers in the radial direction; In a thrust needle roller bearing in which the cage is held by sandwiching the plurality of needle rollers in a vertical direction with a roller holding portion formed in the plurality of pockets,
The two cages have a length in the radial direction of the roller holder that is shorter than the length of the needle rollers, and the two cages are bent to form the roller holder. On the other hand, the thickness in the vertical direction of both the outer and inner portions in the radial direction is made thinner than the thickness in the vertical direction of the roller holder, and the outer and inner portions of the two cages are formed. The two cages are superposed in the vertical direction, and both the outermost and innermost ends in the radial direction of the two cages are fixed by crimping so that the two cages are folded back in opposite directions. Thrust needle roller bearing characterized by.
前記2枚の保持器を、周方向複数箇所の部分加締により固定した請求項記載のスラスト針状ころ軸受。Said two cages, a thrust needle roller bearing of a fixed claim 1 by a plurality of circumferential locations of partial crimping. 前記2枚の保持器のうち、一方の保持器の外縁部に切欠き部を形成し、この切欠き部に係合する突起部を他方の外縁部に形成した請求項1または2に記載のスラスト針状ころ軸受。The notch part was formed in the outer edge part of one of the said 2 holders, and the projection part engaged with this notch part was formed in the other outer edge part of Claim 1 or 2 . Thrust needle roller bearing.
JP2002192011A 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 Thrust needle roller bearing Expired - Fee Related JP3936250B2 (en)

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JP2002192011A JP3936250B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 Thrust needle roller bearing
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US10/611,030 US7273318B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2003-07-01 Thrust needle roller bearing and method for manufacture thereof

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