JP3933262B2 - Boiler deposit treatment method - Google Patents

Boiler deposit treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3933262B2
JP3933262B2 JP21565197A JP21565197A JP3933262B2 JP 3933262 B2 JP3933262 B2 JP 3933262B2 JP 21565197 A JP21565197 A JP 21565197A JP 21565197 A JP21565197 A JP 21565197A JP 3933262 B2 JP3933262 B2 JP 3933262B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
boiler
exhaust gas
water
gas temperature
water concentration
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JP21565197A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1144407A (en
Inventor
忠男 藤田
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荏原ボイラ株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ボイラの伝熱面にススやスケールが付着した時に、どのような種類の付着物が付着したかの判定を行うボイラの付着物処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
蒸気ボイラの熱効率の低下の原因として、水管の伝熱面に付着するススやスケールがあり、ススは、主に燃焼ガス側に付着し、スケールは、主にボイラ水管内部の水側に付着する。そして、これらススやスケールが伝熱面に付着すると、熱伝達率が低下し、ボイラ出口の排ガス温度が上昇することが知られている。
【0003】
このため、これらの付着の検出にボイラ出口の排ガス温度を利用し、この排ガス温度が正常な温度範囲を越えた場合に、ススやスケールの付着と判定することが広く行われていた。
【0004】
ここに、排ガス温度が上昇しても、この原因が、スス付着なのかスケール付着なのか判らないため、人間がボイラ缶内を点検し、ボイラ缶内にスケールが付着していた場合にスケール付着と、スケールが付着していない場合にスス付着と判別していた。このボイラ缶内の点検は、ボイラを停止し、ボイラ内の水をすべて排出した後に行わなければならず、非常に手間と時間がかかる作業だった。
【0005】
このため、近年、ボイラ缶体の内部に熱電対等の温度センサを溶接等で取付け、ボイラ缶体の温度上昇によりスケール付着を検出するやり方が一部試みられている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記熱電対等の温度センサをボイラ缶体の内部に取付けるようにした従来例にあっては、この温度センサの取付けが一般にかなり困難で、どうしても温度勾配ができて実際の値より高めに測定されてしまう。しかも、排ガスによる熱ストレスで脱落する場合があり、一度脱落すると、取付け場所がボイラ缶体のため、外部から再度取付けることができず、この機能を停止させたまま使用せざるを得ないといった問題があった。
【0007】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みて為されたもので、従来から一般に使用されているセンサを使用して、ススまたはスケール付着の判定を確実に行えるようにしたボイラの付着物処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のボイラの付着物処理方法は、排ガス温度を測定する排ガス温度センサと、缶水濃度を測定する缶水濃度センサとを備えたボイラにおいて、排ガス温度が所定の設定値を越え、缶水濃度が通常の制御範囲より高い位置にある場合にスケール付着と判定することを特徴とする。
【0009】
ボイラ給水にスケール成分が混入していると、ボイラの伝熱面にスケールが付着して排ガス温度が上昇し、しかも、ボイラ清缶剤とスケール成分が反応してスラッジ化し、このスラッジがブロー装置のストレーナを閉塞しブロー流量を減少させてボイラの缶水濃度が通常の制御範囲から外れて高濃度の状態となる。このため、従来からボイラに取付けられている排ガス温度センサと、ボイラの缶水濃度を制御するために取付けられている缶水濃度センサの測定値からスケール付着を判定することができる。
【0010】
本発明の他のボイラの付着物処理方法は、排ガス温度を測定する排ガス温度センサと、缶水濃度を測定する缶水濃度センサとを備えたボイラにおいて、排ガス温度が所定の設定値を越え、缶水濃度が通常の制御範囲以下の位置にある場合にスス付着と判定することを特徴とする。
【0011】
ボイラの伝熱面にススが付着すると排ガス温度は上昇するが、ボイラの缶水濃度は通常の制御範囲内におさまる。このため、従来からボイラに取付けられている排ガス温度センサと、ボイラの缶水濃度を制御するために取付けられている缶水濃度センサの測定値からスス付着を判定することができる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
図2は、本発明が適用されるボイラの全体構成図で、ボイラ本体1には、蒸気を発生させるために該ボイラ本体1を加熱する燃焼装置2と、ボイラ本体1に水を供給する給水ポンプ3及び給水量の一定比率で清缶剤をボイラ本体1に注入する薬液注入ポンプ4と、ボイラの缶水濃度を既定値に保持するためのブロー装置5が備えられている。前記ブロー装置5には、前記ボイラ本体1に接続されたブロー配管6と、このブロー配管6内に介装されたブロー電磁弁7及びストレーナ8が備えられている。
【0013】
そして、ボイラの缶水濃度を測定する缶水濃度センサ9及び燃焼排ガス温度を測定するガス温度センサ10からの信号がボイラ制御装置(マイコン)11に入力され、このボイラ制御装置11で前記燃焼装置2やブロー電磁弁7が制御されるようになっている。
【0014】
ここに、ボイラは燃焼装置により加熱されて蒸気を発生するため、この蒸気の発生に伴って缶水の水位が低下する。そして、この缶水が給水ポンプ始動レベルまで下がると給水ポンプ3がオンになり、給水ポンプ停止レベルまで給水して水を補給する。そして、このように蒸発していくと、缶水濃度センサ9で検出しているボイラの缶水濃度が上昇していき、このボイラの缶水濃度が制御範囲の上限設定値まで達するとブロー電磁弁7を開にし、缶水濃度が下限設定値に達するとブロー電磁弁7を閉にする。通常は、このように動作して、缶水濃度を適正値に保持するようなっている。
【0015】
前記ボイラ制御装置11は、運転中にボイラの制御を行ないながら、スス付着やスケール付着の判別の処理も行なうのであるが、これを図1を参照して説明する。
【0016】
先ず、排ガス温度センサ10の測定値に基づき、排ガス温度が所定の設定値より高いか否かを判断する。排ガス温度がこの設定値より高い場合には、缶水濃度センサ9の測定値に基づき、缶水濃度が通常の制御範囲より高い値に設定したスケール付着設定値まで上昇したか否かを判断する。
【0017】
そして、排ガス温度が所定の設定値よりも高く、かつ缶水濃度がスケール付着設定値まで上昇していた場合にはスケール付着と判断して、警報を出したりブローを増加させる等のスケール付着の処理を行う。一方、排ガス温度が所定の設定値よりも高く、かつ缶水濃度がスケール付着設定値まで上昇していない場合には、スス付着と判断して、警報を出したり燃焼量を低下させる等のスス付着の処理を行う。
【0018】
これにより、新たなセンサを追加することなく、従来からボイラに取付けられている排ガス温度センサ10と、ボイラの缶水濃度を制御するために取付けられている缶水濃度センサ9の測定値からスケール付着とスス付着を判定することができる。
【0019】
次に、上記原理について説明する。
ボイラ給水に軟水の硬度漏れ等でスケール成分が入ってくると、一部はボイラ内部の伝熱面にスケールとして付着し、一部は清缶剤と反応してボイラ内部でスラッジとなる。このスラッジは、ブロー電磁弁7が開の時に缶水と一緒に排出されてストレーナ8に堆積し、この堆積によってブロー流量が減少する。このため、ブロー不足となり、缶水濃度が制御範囲に制御できなくなって上昇する。従って、缶水濃度の上昇からスケール付着が推定できる。また、伝熱面にスケールが付着すると排ガス温度も上昇することになる。一方、伝熱面にススが付着すると排ガス温度は上昇するが、缶水濃度には、一般に影響を及ぼさない。
【0020】
そこで、排ガスの温度上昇によって、伝熱面にスケールまたはススが付着したことが判り、缶水濃度が制御範囲より上昇した時にはスケール付着と、制御範囲以下の時にはスス付着と判別することができる。
なお、この実施の形態では、スケール付着の判別を、その時の缶水濃度で行なっているが、過去の平均的な缶水伝導率で判定するようにしてもよい。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、新たなセンサを追加することなく、従来からボイラに取付けられている排ガス温度センサと、ボイラの缶水濃度を制御するために取付けられている缶水濃度センサの測定値から、スケール付着とスス付着を確実に判定することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態を示すフローチャート。
【図2】本発明が適用されるボイラの概要を示す全体構成図。
【符号の説明】
1 ボイラ本体
2 燃焼装置
5 ブロー装置
6 ブロー配管
7 ブロー電磁弁
9 缶水濃度センサ
10 排ガス温度センサ
11 ボイラ制御装置
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a boiler deposit processing method for determining what kind of deposit has adhered when soot or scale has adhered to a heat transfer surface of a boiler.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a cause of the decrease in the thermal efficiency of steam boilers, there are soot and scale that adhere to the heat transfer surface of the water pipe, soot adheres mainly to the combustion gas side, and scale adheres mainly to the water side inside the boiler water pipe . And when these soot and scale adhere to a heat transfer surface, it is known that a heat transfer rate will fall and the exhaust gas temperature of a boiler exit will rise.
[0003]
For this reason, it has been widely performed that the exhaust gas temperature at the boiler outlet is used for detection of these adhesions, and that the soot or scale adhesion is determined when the exhaust gas temperature exceeds the normal temperature range.
[0004]
Here, even if the exhaust gas temperature rises, it is not known whether this is caused by soot or scale, so if a person inspects the inside of the boiler can and the scale is attached to the boiler can, the scale is attached. When the scale is not attached, it was determined that the soot was attached. The inspection inside the boiler can must be performed after the boiler is stopped and all the water in the boiler is discharged, which is very laborious and time consuming.
[0005]
For this reason, in recent years, a method has been attempted in which a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple is attached to the inside of the boiler can body by welding or the like, and scale adhesion is detected by the temperature rise of the boiler can body.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional example in which the temperature sensor such as the above-mentioned thermocouple is mounted inside the boiler can body, it is generally quite difficult to mount the temperature sensor, and the temperature gradient is inevitably generated and measured higher than the actual value. Will be. In addition, it may fall off due to heat stress due to exhaust gas, and once it falls off, the installation location is a boiler can body, so it can not be reattached from the outside, and it must be used with this function stopped was there.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a boiler deposit treatment method that can reliably determine soot or scale adhesion using a sensor that has been generally used. With the goal.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The boiler deposit treatment method of the present invention includes a boiler having an exhaust gas temperature sensor for measuring an exhaust gas temperature and a can water concentration sensor for measuring a can water concentration, wherein the exhaust gas temperature exceeds a predetermined set value, When the density is higher than the normal control range, it is determined that the scale adheres.
[0009]
If scale components are mixed in the boiler feed water, the scale will adhere to the heat transfer surface of the boiler and the exhaust gas temperature will rise, and the boiler cleaner and scale components will react and become sludge. The strainer is closed and the blow flow rate is reduced, so that the boiler water concentration deviates from the normal control range and becomes a high concentration state. For this reason, scale adhesion can be determined from the measured values of the exhaust gas temperature sensor conventionally attached to the boiler and the can water concentration sensor attached to control the boiler water concentration of the boiler.
[0010]
Another boiler deposit treatment method of the present invention is a boiler including an exhaust gas temperature sensor for measuring an exhaust gas temperature and a can water concentration sensor for measuring a can water concentration, and the exhaust gas temperature exceeds a predetermined set value, It is characterized by determining soot adhesion when the can water concentration is at a position below the normal control range.
[0011]
When soot adheres to the heat transfer surface of the boiler, the exhaust gas temperature rises, but the boiler water concentration falls within the normal control range. For this reason, soot adhesion can be determined from the measured values of the exhaust gas temperature sensor conventionally attached to the boiler and the can water concentration sensor attached to control the boiler water concentration of the boiler.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a boiler to which the present invention is applied. The boiler body 1 includes a combustion device 2 that heats the boiler body 1 to generate steam, and water supply that supplies water to the boiler body 1. A chemical liquid injection pump 4 for injecting a cleansing agent into the boiler body 1 at a constant ratio of the pump 3 and the amount of water supply, and a blow device 5 for maintaining the boiler water concentration at a predetermined value are provided. The blow device 5 includes a blow pipe 6 connected to the boiler body 1 and a blow solenoid valve 7 and a strainer 8 interposed in the blow pipe 6.
[0013]
And the signal from the can water concentration sensor 9 which measures the can water concentration of a boiler, and the gas temperature sensor 10 which measures combustion exhaust gas temperature is input into the boiler control apparatus (microcomputer) 11, This boiler control apparatus 11 is the said combustion apparatus. 2 and the blow solenoid valve 7 are controlled.
[0014]
Here, since the boiler is heated by the combustion device 2 to generate steam, the water level of the can water decreases as the steam is generated. And when this can water falls to the feed water pump starting level, the feed water pump 3 will be turned on, and water will be supplied to the feed water pump stop level, and water will be replenished. And when it evaporates in this way, the boiler water concentration detected by the can water concentration sensor 9 increases, and when the boiler water concentration reaches the upper limit set value of the control range, blow electromagnetic The valve 7 is opened, and the blow solenoid valve 7 is closed when the can water concentration reaches the lower limit set value. Usually, it operates in this way to maintain the can water concentration at an appropriate value.
[0015]
The boiler control device 11 performs a process of determining soot adhesion and scale adhesion while controlling the boiler during operation, which will be described with reference to FIG.
[0016]
First, based on the measured value of the exhaust gas temperature sensor 10, it is determined whether or not the exhaust gas temperature is higher than a predetermined set value. When the exhaust gas temperature is higher than this set value, it is determined based on the measured value of the can water concentration sensor 9 whether or not the can water concentration has increased to a scale adhesion set value set to a value higher than the normal control range. .
[0017]
If the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the preset value and the can water concentration has risen to the scale adhesion set value, it is determined that the scale has adhered, and an alarm or an increase in blow will occur. Process. On the other hand, if the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the predetermined set value and the can water concentration has not increased to the set value for scale adhesion, it is determined that the soot is deposited, soot is issued, an alarm is issued, or the combustion amount is reduced. The adhesion process is performed.
[0018]
Thus, without adding a new sensor, the scale can be scaled from the measured values of the exhaust gas temperature sensor 10 conventionally attached to the boiler and the can water concentration sensor 9 attached to control the boiler water concentration of the boiler. Adhesion and soot adhesion can be determined.
[0019]
Next, the above principle will be described.
When scale components enter the boiler feedwater due to soft water leaks, etc., some of them adhere to the heat transfer surface inside the boiler as scales, and some react with the cleansing agent to become sludge inside the boiler. This sludge is discharged together with the can water when the blow electromagnetic valve 7 is opened and accumulates on the strainer 8, and this accumulation reduces the blow flow rate. For this reason, blow becomes insufficient, and the concentration of can water cannot be controlled within the control range and rises. Therefore, scale adhesion can be estimated from the increase in the can water concentration. Further, when scale adheres to the heat transfer surface, the exhaust gas temperature also rises. On the other hand, when soot adheres to the heat transfer surface, the exhaust gas temperature rises, but generally does not affect the can water concentration.
[0020]
Therefore, it can be seen that the scale or soot has adhered to the heat transfer surface due to the temperature rise of the exhaust gas, and it can be determined that the scale adheres when the can water concentration rises above the control range, and soot adheres when the concentration is below the control range.
In this embodiment, the determination of scale adhesion is performed based on the canned water concentration at that time, but it may be determined based on the past average canned water conductivity.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, without adding a new sensor, an exhaust gas temperature sensor that has been conventionally attached to a boiler, and can water that is attached to control the boiler water concentration in the boiler. Scale adhesion and soot adhesion can be reliably determined from the measured value of the density sensor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing an outline of a boiler to which the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Boiler body 2 Combustion device 5 Blow device 6 Blow piping 7 Blow solenoid valve 9 Canned water concentration sensor 10 Exhaust gas temperature sensor 11 Boiler control device

Claims (1)

排ガス温度を測定する排ガス温度センサと、缶水濃度を測定する缶水濃度センサとを備えたボイラにおいて、
排ガス温度が所定の設定値を越え、缶水濃度が通常の制御範囲より高い値に設定したスケール付着設定値まで上昇したか否かを判定し、
前記スケール付着設定値以上に上昇した場合に水管の伝熱面の水側のスケール付着と判定し、スケール付着の処理を行い、前記スケール付着設定値まで上昇していない場合には水管の伝熱面の燃焼ガス側のスス付着と判定し、スス付着の処理を行うことを特徴とするボイラの付着物処理方法。
In a boiler having an exhaust gas temperature sensor for measuring exhaust gas temperature and a can water concentration sensor for measuring can water concentration,
It is determined whether the exhaust gas temperature has exceeded a predetermined set value and the can water concentration has risen to the scale adhesion set value set to a value higher than the normal control range ,
If the scale adheres to a set value above the set value, it is determined that the scale adheres to the water side of the heat transfer surface of the water pipe. A boiler deposit treatment method characterized by determining soot deposition on the combustion gas side of the surface and processing soot deposition .
JP21565197A 1997-07-25 1997-07-25 Boiler deposit treatment method Expired - Lifetime JP3933262B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21565197A JP3933262B2 (en) 1997-07-25 1997-07-25 Boiler deposit treatment method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21565197A JP3933262B2 (en) 1997-07-25 1997-07-25 Boiler deposit treatment method

Publications (2)

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JPH1144407A JPH1144407A (en) 1999-02-16
JP3933262B2 true JP3933262B2 (en) 2007-06-20

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4679873B2 (en) * 2004-10-18 2011-05-11 株式会社サムソン Exhaust heat boiler that detects abnormal exhaust gas outlet temperature
KR100958240B1 (en) 2008-06-30 2010-05-17 한국서부발전 주식회사 Clinker drop detection device
JP2015158342A (en) * 2014-02-25 2015-09-03 三浦工業株式会社 scale adhesion determining device
JP6537830B2 (en) * 2015-01-08 2019-07-03 株式会社サムソン Boiler for detecting water pipe contamination

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