JP3924687B2 - Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin - Google Patents

Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3924687B2
JP3924687B2 JP02550396A JP2550396A JP3924687B2 JP 3924687 B2 JP3924687 B2 JP 3924687B2 JP 02550396 A JP02550396 A JP 02550396A JP 2550396 A JP2550396 A JP 2550396A JP 3924687 B2 JP3924687 B2 JP 3924687B2
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Prior art keywords
root canal
filling material
canal filling
polyolefin resin
sealer
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JP02550396A
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JPH09221403A (en
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光朝 大根
康夫 山崎
一雄 椎木
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光朝 大根
康夫 山崎
一雄 椎木
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は歯髄摘出(抜髄)後の歯の根管に充填する根管充填材に関するもので、特に理化学的に安定で、材質的に劣化が少なく長期にわたり生体内に留置でき、根尖歯周組織に対して有害作用のない根管充填材に関し、更に該根管充填材と根管壁の周囲に充填するシーラーとからなる根管充填材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
う蝕は歯における細菌感染症であり、歯垢中の細菌によって先ず歯の表面を覆っているエナメル質が侵され、次いで、象牙質が侵される。更にう蝕が進行すると歯髄に細菌感染が波及し、歯髄炎となる。この歯髄炎の治療法としては、感染した歯髄を抜髄し、ここに根管充填材を充填する。
図をもってこの状態を説明する。図3において、歯の表面はエナメル質1で覆われ、このエナメル質1の下部に象牙質2がある。そして、その中央部に歯髄3が存在し、その先端に根尖孔4があり、根尖歯周組織5につらなっている。
歯髄炎の従来からの治療としては、感染した歯髄を抜髄し、空洞となった歯の根管に針状のリーマ・ファイル6を挿入し、これをもって根管を適切な大きさに拡大し、ここに根管充填材をシーラーとともに充填し、根尖孔を閉鎖する。この処理により、口腔と根管、更には根尖歯周組織への感染経路を遮断し根尖の治癒を計るのである。
【0003】
この根管充填材として具備すべき条件として次のような性質が要求されている。
(1)不変性であること。収縮や腐敗分解することなく、根尖組織に対して形態や性質に変化を起こさせないことが必要である。
(2)無刺激性であること。根尖部の歯周組織に有害性のないものである。
(3)多孔性でないこと。即ち、緻密性であって、組織液或いは細菌や毒素などの侵入を許さないことが必要である。
(4)適合性を有すること。即ち、根尖孔付近まで容易に充填でき、完全に根管及び根尖孔を閉鎖することが必要である。
(5)密着性を有すること。根管壁に完全に接着して、水分及び細菌などを根管に侵入さないことが必要である。
(6)滅菌ができること。
(7)歯を着色させないこと
(8)必要に応じて除去が可能であること
(9)エックス線不透過性であること
(10)組織親和性を有し、根尖部の骨性瘢痕治癒を促進させるもの。
(11)取扱が容易であること
【0004】
以上の要求される特性を要約すると、A)物理的、化学的及び生物学的に安定であり、生体に無刺激性なこと、B)緻密で多孔質でないこと、C)根尖孔に容易に到達して根尖孔を閉鎖できるもの、D)滅菌できること、E)除去可能でエックス線造影性を有すること、F)取扱い操作が容易であること等である。
【0005】
ところで、根管充填には、糊剤と固形材があり、一般に固形材が多く用いられている。固形材としては、主にゴム質と亜鉛からなるガッタパーチャポイントが用いられている。その他、銀ポイントがある。銀ポイントは根尖孔に密着性がなく、除去が非常に困難という欠点があり、現在は殆ど使用されていない。ガッタパーチャポイントは、エックス線に対して不透過性であること、一定の形状に作成できること等の理由によって広く使用されている。しかし、ガッタパーチャポイントにおいても不変性が完全なものではなく、通常の環境下でも製品が劣化して脆くなり、生体内では異物として食作用を受ける。更に、顕微鏡レベルでは多孔性である。また医療用材料として滅菌困難なことが挙げられる。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者は従来使用されている根管充填材より更に安定性を有し、また作業性の良い根管充填材について種々検討した結果、本発明を完成したもので、本発明の目的は、理化学的に安定で異物性がなく、曲がった根管に挿入するための適度な硬さと弾力があり、材質的に劣化が少なく長期にわたり生体内で留置でき、さらに滅菌が容易な根管充填剤を提供することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の要旨はポリオレフィン樹脂による根管充填材である。即ち、ポリオレフィン樹脂、特にポリプロピレン樹脂は適度な硬さと曲げ強さを持ち、成形性が良好で根管充填材としての国際規格にのっとった形状に成形することができ、特にアイソタクチック プロピレンが好ましい。
【0008】
根管充填材の好ましい条件は、物理化学的に安定で、生体に対し異物性や毒性のなく、同時に根管内に挿入するための適度な硬さと弾力が必要である。さらに挿入された根管充填材は根管壁と密着性の高いことが要求される。以上から、本発明の根管充填材は、上記の根管充填材の好ましい条件をほぼ満たす、物理化学的に安定で、生体に対し異物性や毒性のなく、曲がった根管にも挿入できるような適度な硬さと弾力を有している。さらに、本発明では根管充填材と根管壁の隙間を埋め、根管壁と密着性の高めるシーラーとして、ペースト状で根管内で短時間のうちに硬化しるシリコーンを開発した。
【0009】
本発明で使用するポリオレフィンとしてはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンまたはエチレンもしくはプロピレンを主成分として含有する共重合体等であるが、好ましいポリオレフィンとしてはポリプロピレンであり、特にアイソタクティック構造を有するポリプロピレンが好ましい。
【0010】
ポリオレフィンは理化学的に強力な溌水性を有し、非吸水性、熱安定性等があり、生体内で吸収されることなく結合組織で安定した状態で被包される。以上からポリオレフィン、特にアイソタクティックポリプロピレンは、物性としても高い曲げ弾性率、剛性衝撃バランス向上、低線膨張率化などの重要な力学的品質を持つ。さらにレントゲン造影剤との複合化が可能である。更に、ポリプロピレンは、耐薬品性、滅菌時の耐熱性、耐放射線滅菌性、などの特徴から医療用材料として適している。また成形が容易であるため、根管充填材の国際規格に合った形状のものが容易に作成することができる。従って、ポリプロピレンは安全で安定した高分子化合物による根管充填材といえる。しかも、本願発明の充填材は国際規格に合った形状のものが出来るので、充填した時に緊密に充填できる。
【0011】
本発明にかかる根管充填材を使用するに際しては、この根管充填材と根管壁との隙間にシーラーを充填し、密着させることが必要である。シーラーとしてはジメチルポリシロキサンならなるシリコーン樹脂、或いは亜鉛化ユウジノール製剤を用いる。シリコーンは通常は重合禁止剤が加えられており、根管充填の際に硬化剤(catalyst)を加え、シーラーとして根管充填材とともに根管内に充填するが、開始反応に始まり、停止反応に至る経過をたどり、化学的に安定な不溶不融なシリコーンとなり、根管充填材を根管壁の隙間を埋めて根管の封鎖性を高める。また、亜鉛化ユウジノール製剤はガッタパーチャ根管充填材のシーラーとして従来から用いられているものである。
【0012】
本発明にかかる根管充填材は従来の固形根管充填材の場合と同様な形状を呈する。即ち、約0.3〜1.4mmの直径を有し、約28mmの長さを有し、適用する根管により種々選択する。そして、その先端部は根尖孔を閉鎖しやすいように約75度の角度をもってとがらせることが好ましい。
この根管充填材は先に述べた根管充填材として要求される特性を有し、特に根管への挿入が確実且つ容易であって、根尖部の根管壁の接着性が高まるのである。
【0013】
本発明にかかる根管充填材を図面を以って説明する。図1は根管充填材の断面図であり、抜髄し、拡大された根管内にシーラー8とともに根管充填材7を挿入する。図2は根管充填材の形状を示し、この形状は、規格化された太さと形状を有する根管拡大器、リーマーと同一規格の形状のものである。このようなリーマーと同一規格の形状のものを用いるため、ほぼ根管壁に密着した状態で根管充填される。根管充填材と根管壁とのわずかな隙間はシーラー8で埋められる。シーラーは短時間で硬化し、根管壁と接着し、根管充填材とともに固定される。
【0014】
【実施例及び比較例】
次に実例をもって本発明を具体的に説明する。
実施例1
抜髄され、根尖部が0.5mmの太さで根管拡大された歯の根管内に、同じ太さの国際規格の形状を有するポリプロピレン根管充填材をジメチルシロキサンからなるシリコーン樹脂シーラーと共に挿入した結果、術者の挿入時の感触では緊密な充填が得られた。更に、エックス線撮影でもシーラー中に含まれている造影剤の観察から緊密な充填が証明された。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明の根管充填材はポリオレフィンで構成されているので、有害作用はなく、従来の根管充填材に比して次のような効果を奏する。
1.根管壁に対して良好な密着性を有し、ほぼ完全な根管の封鎖性を有する。
2.材料学的に化学的、物理的にはるかに安定な根管充填材である。
3.生体内で異物性がはるかに少なく、食作用を受けにくい根管充填材である。
4.弾力性を有し、折れにくく曲がった根管に対しても明らかに充填しやすい。
5.歯の再治療の場合には根管充填材を取り出す必要があるが、本研究の根管充填材はちぎれにくく、更に生体内で組織癒着しないので容易に取り出すことができる。
6.滅菌が容易である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の根管充填材とシーラーを充填する説明図
【図2】国際規格50号で作成されたポリオレフィン樹脂製の根管充填材
【図3】歯髄炎治療のため根管を拡大する説明図
【符号の説明】
1 エナメル質 2 象牙質 3 根管(歯髄部)
4 根管孔 5 根尖歯周組織 6 針状のリーマー
7 根管充填材 8 シーラー
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a root canal filling material that fills the root canal of a tooth after pulpectomy (pulmonary extraction), and is particularly physicochemically stable, with little material deterioration, and can be placed in a living body for a long time. The present invention relates to a root canal filling material having no harmful effect on a tissue, and further relates to a root canal filling material including the root canal filling material and a sealer that fills the periphery of the root canal wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Caries are bacterial infections in the teeth, where the bacteria in the plaque first attack the enamel that covers the tooth surface, and then the dentin. As the caries progress further, bacterial infection spreads to the dental pulp, resulting in pulpitis. As a treatment method for this pulpitis, the infected pulp is extracted and filled with a root canal filling material.
This state will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, the surface of the tooth is covered with enamel 1, and dentin 2 is present under the enamel 1. The pulp 3 is present at the center thereof, the apical hole 4 is present at the tip thereof, and the apical periodontal tissue 5 is connected.
Traditional treatment for pulpitis involves extracting the infected pulp, inserting a needle-like reamer file 6 into the hollow root canal of the tooth, and expanding the root canal to an appropriate size, Here, the root canal filling material is filled together with the sealer, and the apical hole is closed. By this treatment, the infection route to the oral cavity and root canal, and further to the periapical periodontal tissue is blocked, and the apex is healed.
[0003]
The following properties are required as conditions to be provided as the root canal filling material.
(1) Must be invariant. It is necessary not to cause changes in morphology or properties of apical tissues without contraction or decay.
(2) It must be non-irritating. It is not harmful to the periodontal tissue at the apex.
(3) It is not porous. That is, it is necessary to be dense and not allow invasion of tissue fluid or bacteria or toxins.
(4) It must be compatible. That is, it is necessary to easily fill the vicinity of the apical canal and to completely close the root canal and the apical hole.
(5) Have adhesion. It is necessary to adhere completely to the root canal wall and prevent moisture and bacteria from entering the root canal.
(6) It must be sterilizable.
(7) Don't color teeth (8) Can be removed as needed (9) X-ray impervious (10) Have tissue affinity and cure bone scars at the apex Things to promote.
(11) Easy handling
Summarizing the above required properties: A) Physically, chemically and biologically stable, non-irritating to the living body, B) Dense and not porous, C) Easy to apical Can be closed, D) can be sterilized, E) can be removed and has X-ray contrast properties, and F) can be easily handled.
[0005]
By the way, there are paste and solid material for root canal filling, and solid material is generally used in many cases. As a solid material, a gutta percha point mainly composed of rubber and zinc is used. In addition, there are silver points. Silver points have the disadvantage that the apical holes have no adhesion and are very difficult to remove, and are rarely used today. The gutta-percha point is widely used because it is impermeable to X-rays and can be created in a certain shape. However, the invariance at the gutta-percha point is not perfect, and the product deteriorates and becomes brittle even under a normal environment, and is phagocytosed as a foreign substance in the living body. Furthermore, it is porous at the microscopic level. Further, it is difficult to sterilize as a medical material.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventor of the present invention has completed the present invention as a result of various studies on a root canal filling material that is more stable than the conventionally used root canal filling material and has good workability. Root canal filling material that is physicochemically stable, has no foreign matter, has adequate hardness and elasticity for insertion into a bent root canal, has little material deterioration, and can be placed in vivo for a long period of time, and can be sterilized easily Is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention is a root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin. That is, polyolefin resin, especially polypropylene resin has moderate hardness and bending strength, has good moldability and can be formed into a shape in accordance with international standards as a root canal filling material, and isotactic propylene is particularly preferable. .
[0008]
The preferable conditions of the root canal filling material are physicochemically stable, have no foreign matter or toxicity to the living body, and need an appropriate hardness and elasticity to be inserted into the root canal at the same time. Further, the inserted root canal filling material is required to have high adhesion to the root canal wall. From the above, the root canal filling material of the present invention can be inserted into a bent root canal that satisfies the above-mentioned preferable conditions of the root canal filling material, is physicochemically stable, has no foreignness or toxicity to the living body. It has moderate hardness and elasticity. Furthermore, the present invention fills a gap in the root canal filler and the root canal wall, as sealers to enhance adhesion with the root canal wall, it has developed a cured cormorants Ru silicone in a short time in the root canal with paste.
[0009]
The polyolefin used in the present invention is polyethylene, polypropylene, or a copolymer containing ethylene or propylene as a main component. Preferred polyolefin is polypropylene, and polypropylene having an isotactic structure is particularly preferable.
[0010]
Polyolefin has physicochemically strong hydrophobicity, has non-water absorption, heat stability, etc., and is encapsulated in a stable state in connective tissue without being absorbed in vivo. From the above, polyolefins, especially isotactic polypropylene, have important mechanical qualities such as high flexural modulus, improved rigid impact balance, and low linear expansion coefficient as physical properties. Furthermore, it can be combined with an X-ray contrast medium. Furthermore, polypropylene is suitable as a medical material because of its characteristics such as chemical resistance, heat resistance during sterilization, and radiation sterilization resistance. Moreover, since it is easy to mold, a shape that conforms to the international standard for root canal filling materials can be easily created. Therefore, polypropylene can be said to be a safe and stable polymer root canal filling material. In addition, since the filler according to the present invention can be shaped in conformity with international standards, it can be tightly filled when filled.
[0011]
When using the root canal filling material according to the present invention, it is necessary to fill and seal the gap between the root canal filling material and the root canal wall. As the sealer, a silicone resin made of dimethylpolysiloxane or a zincated eugenol preparation is used. Silicone usually has a polymerization inhibitor added, and when filling the root canal, a curing agent (catalyst) is added and filled into the root canal together with the root canal filling material as a sealer. Through the process, it becomes chemically stable insoluble and infusible silicone, and the root canal filling material fills the gaps in the root canal wall to improve the sealing ability of the root canal. In addition, the zincated eudinol preparation is conventionally used as a sealer for the gutta-percha root canal filling material.
[0012]
The root canal filling material according to the present invention has the same shape as that of a conventional solid root canal filling material. That is, it has a diameter of about 0.3 to 1.4 mm, a length of about 28 mm, and various selections are made according to the root canal to be applied. And it is preferable to make the front-end | tip part bend at an angle of about 75 degree | times so that it may be easy to close an apical hole.
This root canal filling material has the characteristics required as the root canal filling material described above, and is particularly reliable and easy to insert into the root canal, and the adhesiveness of the root canal wall at the apex increases. is there.
[0013]
A root canal filling material according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a root canal filling material, and a root canal filling material 7 is inserted together with a sealer 8 into an expanded root canal. FIG. 2 shows the shape of the root canal filling material, which has the same standard shape as the root canal dilator and reamer having standardized thickness and shape. Since a reamer having the same standard shape is used, the root canal is filled in a state of being in close contact with the root canal wall. A slight gap between the root canal filling material and the root canal wall is filled with a sealer 8. The sealer hardens in a short time, adheres to the root canal wall, and is fixed together with the root canal filling material.
[0014]
[Examples and Comparative Examples]
Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Example 1
In the root canal of a tooth that has been pulped and whose root apex is 0.5 mm thick, the polypropylene root canal filling material with the same thickness and international standard shape is used with a silicone resin sealer made of dimethylsiloxane. As a result of the insertion, close filling was obtained in the feel of the operator during insertion. Furthermore, the close filling was proved from the observation of the contrast medium contained in the sealer in X-ray photography.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the root canal filling material of the present invention is made of polyolefin, there is no harmful effect and the following effects are obtained as compared with the conventional root canal filling material.
1. Good adhesion to the root canal wall and almost complete root canal sealing.
2. It is a root canal filling material that is much more stable chemically and physically.
3. It is a root canal filling material that is far less foreign and less susceptible to phagocytosis.
4). It is elastic and is easy to fill even root canals that are not easily broken and bent.
5. In the case of tooth retreatment, it is necessary to take out the root canal filling material. However, the root canal filling material in this study is difficult to tear and can be easily removed because it does not adhere to tissue in vivo.
6). Easy to sterilize.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for filling a root canal filling material and a sealer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a polyolefin resin root canal filling material prepared according to International Standard No. 50. FIG. 3 is a root canal treatment for pulpitis. Enlarged explanatory diagram [Explanation of symbols]
1 Enamel 2 Dentin 3 Root Canal (Pulp)
4 Root canal hole 5 Apical periodontal tissue 6 Needle-shaped reamer 7 Root canal filling material 8 Sealer

Claims (2)

ポリオレフィン樹脂よりなることを特徴とする根管充填材。  A root canal filling material comprising a polyolefin resin. 請求項1記載の根管充填材と根管壁との隙間を埋めるシーラーがシリコーン樹脂であることを特徴とする根管充填材料Root canal filling material sealer to fill the gap between the claim 1 root canal filling material and the root canal wall according to characterized in that the silicone resin.
JP02550396A 1996-02-13 1996-02-13 Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin Expired - Lifetime JP3924687B2 (en)

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JP02550396A JP3924687B2 (en) 1996-02-13 1996-02-13 Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02550396A JP3924687B2 (en) 1996-02-13 1996-02-13 Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin

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JPH09221403A JPH09221403A (en) 1997-08-26
JP3924687B2 true JP3924687B2 (en) 2007-06-06

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JP02550396A Expired - Lifetime JP3924687B2 (en) 1996-02-13 1996-02-13 Root canal filling material made of polyolefin resin

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JPH09221403A (en) 1997-08-26

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