JP3911645B2 - Wrist joint orthosis - Google Patents

Wrist joint orthosis Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3911645B2
JP3911645B2 JP19573696A JP19573696A JP3911645B2 JP 3911645 B2 JP3911645 B2 JP 3911645B2 JP 19573696 A JP19573696 A JP 19573696A JP 19573696 A JP19573696 A JP 19573696A JP 3911645 B2 JP3911645 B2 JP 3911645B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
wrist joint
hand
ulna
orthosis
radius
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JP19573696A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1014960A (en
Inventor
智彦 鎌田
俊郎 中村
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中村ブレイス株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、手根管症候群に属する種々の障害、或いはその他の手関節障害、更にはリウマチによる変形の予防、橈骨神経麻痺などに対して効果のある手関節保持用装具の構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
関節装具装用による関節障害の治療は、個々の症状に応じた適切な位置に関節位を保存することに他ならない。例えば手関節は、動作の意図に応じて掌屈、背屈、橈側屈、尺側屈、或いはこれらを組み合わせて巧妙な調整が行なわれている関節である。障害発生時には当然ながらこれらの調整機能にも支障を来していることが考えられるので、装具の処方には十分な注意が要求される。
【0003】
ここで手根管部における屈筋腱の滑膜性腱鞘炎によって増殖した滑膜が正中神経を圧迫することより生起される種々の障害、いわゆる手根管症候群を例に採ってみると、このとき採用される装具は手背屈(10〜20°の軽度背屈位) のものが好適であることが多い。そしてこの時用いられる手関節装具には、その支持面を背側に設けたものと掌側に設けたものの2種類がある。いずれにせよ手関節の運動支点を固定するため前腕骨末梢側と手(中手骨など)を固定する必要があるので、これらをベルト又はそれに代わるもので周回させて係止している。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが従来の手関節装具には、以下のような欠点があった。まず欠点として挙げられるベルトを装着する作業が面倒である点、布や皮革等水に濡れると乾きにくい部材が使用されている点などは、いずれも長期装用を妨げる大きな原因となっていた。特に一旦水に濡れると乾きにくいため、気持ちが悪く冬は冷えるし非常に具合の悪いものであり、これがために簡単な水仕事さえできなかった。
【0005】
また、患部を固定するための硬い部材とベルト等の柔らかい部材との組み合わせによって構成されているものであるが故に、部材同士の接続構造も含め構造が複雑で重量があってかさばるものとなり易く、コストも高いものが多かった。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明者らは、上記諸点に鑑み鋭意研究の結果遂に本発明を成したものであり、その特徴とするところは、手関節の末梢側及び根幹側をそれぞれ固定することによって手関節の角度を一定角度に保持するための装具であって、手背側から手掌側にかけて示指から小指までの中手骨を周回する断面C字状の手固定部と、該手背部分から橈骨前側に延びる連結部と、更に該橈骨部分を該前側内方から尺骨後側に向けて螺旋状に周回する尺橈骨固定部とによって構成される、湾曲プラスチック板による一体成形品である点にある。
【0007】
即ち本発明は、適当な角度(但し手背屈)に手関節を保持するために、手(中手骨等)を上から下に巻くようにして固定しつつ、前腕末梢側は下から上に固定するようにした装具であると言うことができる。構造的にいうと本発明の手関節装具は、手固定部と尺橈骨固定部、及びこれらを連結する連結部の3つの部分から成り立っている。また、プラスチック板を湾曲加工させた一体成形品としたことも重大な特徴となっている。
【0008】
なお本明細書中において、身体の各部位、或いは本発明装具の形状その他を説明するために、「前」「後」「内」「外」「末梢」「根幹」という語句を使用するが、これらは人が自然な状態で直立しているとき(この時てのひらは太股を向いている)の方向に準じるものとする(図3参照)。
【0009】
手固定部は、手背から手掌にかけて周回している部分を指す。但し、断面C字状であることから明らかなように手掌部分には隙間がある。この隙間は、装着時指関節箇所を越える際にプラスチック自体を元来有している可撓性を利用して変形させ、この隙間距離を拡げて装着し易くなるようにしたものでもあるし、手の大きさに合わせてある程度の調整をすることも可能となっている。
【0010】
尺橈骨固定部は、手固定部の場合とは逆に前腕内側から外側の方向に尺骨橈骨の末梢側を支える構造となっている。そして手固定部と尺橈骨固定部とは、連結部によって連結されていると考えると本発明装具の構造を理解しやすい。勿論実際にはこれら手固定部、尺橈骨固定部、連結部はプラスチック板を湾曲させて成る一体成形品であり、別部材を接合したものではないことは言うまでもない。この連結部は、手関節の背屈を最適な角度に形成保持させる部分であり、従ってその背屈角度に応じて湾曲している。またこの連結部は、橈骨の前側内方から尺骨後側に向けて螺旋状に周回する尺橈骨固定部の橈骨内側に相当する部分に連続している。これは、装具装用時に該連結部が尺骨端部の突起(尺骨茎状突起)に当たることを防止するためである。よって、本発明装具は右手用と左手用とで対称となる。
【0011】
素材は、わずかな可撓性と十分な保形性があるプラスチックであればどのようなものでも良い。また、このプラスチックに更に加工を施すようにしても良い。例えば、皮膚との適合性を良好にすることによって装用感を良くするという意味で、全面或いは皮膚に触れる面をシリコンーンラバーをコーティングするなどがこの「加工」に該当する。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面に基づいて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明に係る手関節装具1(以下本発明装具1という)の一例として右手用装具を示すものであり、図より明らかなように本発明装具1は、至る所が湾曲した一体成形品である。各部を便宜上手固定部2と、尺橈骨固定部3、連結部4という3つの部分に分けると、手固定部2は手の甲(詳述すると母指を除く四指の中手骨末梢部分)をその形状に沿って背側から掌側に回り込んで係止する部分、尺橈骨固定部3は尺骨橈骨端部を内側から外側方向に係止する部分、連結部4は手固定部2の外側(背側)と尺橈骨固定部3の前側(母指側)とを連結する部分であると言える。
【0013】
図2(a)(b)(c)は、図1で示した本発明装具1を実際に右手に装着する様子を経時的概略的に示したものである。図からも明らかなように装着は、まず母指を除く四指を手固定部2に差し込むことから始める〔同図(a)〕。なおこの状態では、本発明装具1の尺橈骨固定部3は手背側にあり、また該尺橈骨固定部3の嵌め込め箇所31は橈骨T(及び尺骨)の位置とは逆側に開いており橈骨T(及び尺骨)を嵌め込み固定することはできない。
【0014】
続いて、手関節を屈曲させて橈骨T(及び尺骨)を本発明装具1の反対側に動かす。その際空いている手(本例の場合であれば左手)で本発明装具1を手関節の屈曲方向とは逆方向に押圧してやると良い〔同図(b)〕。この状態では、尺橈骨固定部3の嵌め込め箇所31は橈骨T(及び尺骨)側に開いている。
【0015】
そして、橈骨T(及び尺骨)を尺橈骨固定部3の嵌め込め箇所31に嵌め込み装着が完了することになる〔同図(b)〕。
【0016】
なお本発明装具1は、軽度の手関節障害に対して、或いは該障害の予防のために使用される場面が多い装具であるので、日常生活動作に支障となるような構造形状重量になる事態は避けるべきである。その点、本発明装具はプラスチック製の完全な一体成形品であることより、長期装用して煩わしくなるようなところがない。また、たとえば透明プラスチックを使用すれば外観上も目立たず、より装用に適している。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明に係る手関節装具は、手関節の末梢側及び根幹側をそれぞれ固定することによって手関節の角度を一定角度に保持するための装具であって、手背側から手掌側にかけて示指から小指までの中手骨を周回する断面C字状の手固定部と、該手背部分から橈骨前側に延びる連結部と、更に該橈骨部分を該前側内方から尺骨後側に向けて螺旋状に周回する尺橈骨固定部とによって構成される、湾曲プラスチック板による一体成形品であることを特徴とするものであり、以下述べる如き種々の効果を有する非常に高度な発明である。
【0018】
▲1▼ 手関節を固定するための別部材、例えばベルト等が不必要であるので、構造が簡単であり、洗浄がしやすく衛生的な装用が容易である。
▲2▼ ベルト等、一旦水に濡れてしまうと乾きにくい部材がないので、装具を装用したまま水仕事等ができる。
▲3▼ 構造が簡単であるので安価に提供できる。
▲4▼ 軽量で、手表面に沿った部材のみから構成される装具であるので、日常動作や外出時に支障とならない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る手関節装具の一例を示す概略斜視図である。
【図2】(a)(b)(c)は、図1で示した本発明装具1を実際に右手に装着する様子を経時的概略的に示したすべて斜視図である。
【図3】方向を示すための語句を説明するための概略斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 本発明に係る手関節装具
2 手固定部
3 橈骨固定部
31 嵌め込み箇所
4 連結部
T 橈骨
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a wrist joint holding device that is effective for various disorders belonging to carpal tunnel syndrome or other wrist joint disorders, further prevention of rheumatic deformation, radial nerve paralysis, and the like. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Treatment of joint disorders by wearing a joint orthosis is nothing but preserving the joint position in an appropriate position according to individual symptoms. For example, the wrist joint is a joint that has been carefully adjusted by palm flexion, dorsiflexion, heel lateral flexion, shaku lateral flexion, or a combination thereof according to the purpose of the motion. Of course, these adjustment functions may also be hindered when a failure occurs, so that careful attention is required for prescription of the brace.
[0003]
Here, taking various examples of so-called carpal tunnel syndrome caused by the synovium proliferated by the synovial tendonitis of the flexor tendon in the carpal tunnel, it is adopted at this time. In many cases, the orthosis to be used is a hand dorsiflexion (slight dorsiflexion of 10 to 20 °). And there are two types of wrist joint orthosis used at this time, the support surface provided on the back side and the support surface provided on the palm side. In any case, since it is necessary to fix the distal side of the forearm bone and the hand (metacarpal bone or the like) in order to fix the movement fulcrum of the wrist joint, these are rotated by a belt or an alternative to be locked.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional wrist joint orthosis has the following drawbacks. First of all, the fact that the work of wearing a belt, which is mentioned as a drawback, is troublesome, and the use of a member that does not easily dry when wet, such as cloth or leather, has been a major cause of hindering long-term wearing. In particular, once it gets wet, it is difficult to dry, so it feels bad and it gets cold in winter and it is very bad.
[0005]
In addition, because it is composed of a combination of a hard member for fixing the affected part and a soft member such as a belt, the structure including the connection structure between the members is complicated and heavy, and it tends to be bulky. Many were expensive.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present inventors finally made the present invention as a result of intensive studies in view of the above points, and the feature thereof is that the angle of the wrist joint is fixed by fixing the distal side and the root side of the wrist joint, respectively. Is a device for holding a fixed angle, a hand-fixing portion having a C-shaped cross section that goes around the metacarpal bone from the index finger to the little finger from the dorsal side to the palm side, and a connecting portion extending from the dorsal portion to the anterior side of the radius And an ulna fixation part that spirally circulates the rib part from the front inner side toward the ulna posterior side.
[0007]
That is, according to the present invention, in order to hold the wrist joint at an appropriate angle (however, dorsiflexion of the hand), the hand (metacarpal bone, etc.) is fixed by winding it from top to bottom, while the distal side of the forearm is from bottom to top. It can be said that it is a brace that is fixed. In terms of structure, the wrist joint orthosis of the present invention is composed of three parts: a hand fixing part, an ulna fixation part, and a connecting part for connecting them. Another important feature is that the plastic plate is formed by bending the plastic plate.
[0008]
In the present specification, the terms “front”, “rear”, “inside”, “outside”, “periphery”, and “root” are used to describe each part of the body, or the shape of the present invention orthosis. These shall conform to the direction when a person stands upright in a natural state (the palm at this time faces the thigh) (see FIG. 3).
[0009]
The hand fixing portion refers to a portion that circulates from the back of the hand to the palm. However, as apparent from the C-shaped cross section, there is a gap in the palm portion. This gap is one that is deformed using the flexibility inherent in the plastic itself when crossing the finger joint at the time of wearing, and this gap distance is widened to make it easier to wear, It is also possible to make some adjustments according to the size of the hand.
[0010]
The ulna fixation unit has a structure that supports the distal side of the ulna radius from the inner side of the forearm to the outer side, as opposed to the case of the manual fixation unit. And if it thinks that the hand fixing | fixed part and the ulna fixation part are connected by the connection part, it will be easy to understand the structure of this invention orthosis. Of course, it goes without saying that the hand fixing portion, the ulna fixation portion, and the connecting portion are actually integrally molded products formed by curving a plastic plate, and are not formed by joining different members. The connecting portion is a portion that forms and holds the dorsiflexion of the wrist joint at an optimum angle, and is thus curved according to the dorsiflexion angle. The connecting portion is continuous with a portion corresponding to the inside of the radius of the ulna fixation portion that spirally turns from the front inner side of the radius toward the ulnar rear side. This is to prevent the connecting portion from hitting the projection at the end of the ulna (ulnar styloid process) when the appliance is worn. Accordingly, the orthosis of the present invention is symmetrical for the right hand and the left hand.
[0011]
The material may be any plastic as long as it has slight flexibility and sufficient shape retention. Further, this plastic may be further processed. For example, in order to improve the feeling of wearing by improving the compatibility with the skin, coating the silicon rubber on the entire surface or the surface touching the skin corresponds to this “processing”.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a right hand brace as an example of a wrist joint brace 1 according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the brace 1 of the present invention). As is clear from the figure, the brace 1 of the present invention is an integral body that is curved everywhere. It is a molded product. If each part is divided into three parts, the hand fixing part 2, the ulna fixation part 3, and the connection part 4, for convenience, the hand fixing part 2 is the back of the hand (more specifically, the peripheral part of the middle finger bone of the four fingers excluding the thumb). A portion that wraps around and locks from the back side to the palm side along the shape, the ulna fixation portion 3 is a portion that locks the end portion of the ulna radius from the inside to the outside, and the connection portion 4 is outside the hand fixation portion 2. It can be said that it is a part which connects (back side) and the front side (thumb finger side) of the ulna fixation part 3.
[0013]
FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C schematically show how the device 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is actually worn on the right hand over time. As is apparent from the figure, the mounting is started by first inserting the four fingers excluding the thumb into the hand fixing unit 2 [FIG. In this state, the ulna fixation part 3 of the orthosis 1 of the present invention is on the dorsal side, and the insertion point 31 of the ulna fixation part 3 is open on the opposite side to the position of the radius T (and ulna). The radius T (and ulna) cannot be fitted and fixed.
[0014]
Subsequently, the wrist joint is bent and the radius T (and ulna) is moved to the opposite side of the orthosis 1 of the present invention. At this time, it is preferable to press the device 1 of the present invention in the direction opposite to the bending direction of the wrist joint with a vacant hand (the left hand in the case of this example) [FIG. In this state, the fitting location 31 of the ulna fixation part 3 is open to the radius T (and ulna) side.
[0015]
Then, the radius T (and the ulna) is fitted into the fitting location 31 of the ulna fixation part 3 to complete the mounting [(b) in FIG.
[0016]
Since the orthosis 1 of the present invention is an orthosis that is often used for mild hand joint disorders or for the prevention of such disorders, a situation in which the weight becomes a structure, shape and weight that hinders daily life operations. Should be avoided. In that respect, the orthosis of the present invention is a completely integrated molded product made of plastic, so there is no place where it is worn out for a long time. Further, for example, if transparent plastic is used, the appearance is not noticeable, and it is more suitable for wearing.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the wrist joint device according to the present invention is a device for maintaining the angle of the wrist joint at a constant angle by fixing the distal side and the root side of the wrist joint, respectively, from the dorsal side to the palm side. A hand-fixing portion having a C-shaped cross-section that circulates the metacarpal bone from the index finger to the little finger, a connecting portion extending from the back of the hand to the anterior side of the radius, and further, the rib portion from the inside of the anterior side toward the posterior side of the ulna The invention is characterized by being an integrally molded product made of a curved plastic plate, which is constituted by a ulna fixation portion that circulates in a spiral shape, and is a very advanced invention having various effects as described below.
[0018]
(1) Since a separate member for fixing the wrist joint, such as a belt, is unnecessary, the structure is simple, easy to clean, and hygienic to wear.
(2) Since there are no members such as belts that are difficult to dry once wetted with water, water work or the like can be performed while wearing the brace.
(3) Since the structure is simple, it can be provided at low cost.
(4) Since it is a lightweight and orthosis composed only of members along the surface of the hand, it does not hinder daily operations or going out.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a wrist joint orthosis according to the present invention.
2 (a), (b) and (c) are all perspective views schematically showing the manner in which the device 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is actually attached to the right hand over time.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a phrase for indicating a direction.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wrist joint orthosis according to the present invention 2 Hand fixing part 3 Rib fixing part 31 Insertion point 4 Connecting part T Rib

Claims (1)

手関節の末梢側及び根幹側をそれぞれ固定することによって手関節の角度を一定角度に保持するための装具であって、手背側から手掌側にかけて示指から小指までの中手骨を周回し手掌側では離反する断面C字状の手固定部と、該手背部分から撓骨前側に延びる連結部と、更に該撓骨部分を該前側内方から尺骨後側に向けて螺旋状に周回する尺撓骨固定部とによって構成される、湾曲プラスチック板による一体成形品であることを特徴とする手関節装具。A brace that holds the wrist joint at a fixed angle by fixing the distal side and the root side of the wrist joint, and wraps around the metacarpal bone from the index finger to the little finger from the dorsal side to the palm side. Then, the C-shaped hand fixing portion that is separated from the back, the connecting portion that extends from the back of the hand to the front of the radius, and the flexure that spirals around the radius from the front side to the back of the ulna. A wrist joint orthosis formed of a curved plastic plate and configured by a bone fixing portion.
JP19573696A 1996-07-05 1996-07-05 Wrist joint orthosis Expired - Fee Related JP3911645B2 (en)

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JP19573696A JP3911645B2 (en) 1996-07-05 1996-07-05 Wrist joint orthosis

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JP3911645B2 true JP3911645B2 (en) 2007-05-09

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JP2975363B1 (en) * 1998-11-26 1999-11-10 伊三雄 島田 Finger fixings

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JPS5710657Y2 (en) * 1980-04-03 1982-03-02
JPS60160822U (en) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-25 久光製薬株式会社 Wrist taping equipment
US4809688A (en) * 1986-04-22 1989-03-07 Empresa Cubana Importadora Y. Exportadora Of Products Medicos, T/A Medicuba Sinergic splint for early mobilization of the flexor tendons of the hand
JPH0417135Y2 (en) * 1987-12-26 1992-04-16
US5014689A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-05-14 The Kendall Company Hand brace
JP3429527B2 (en) * 1993-05-17 2003-07-22 三菱レイヨン株式会社 Medical support
US5397296A (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-03-14 Ergodyne Corporation Wrist support and wrist support stay
SE504499C2 (en) * 1994-05-19 1997-02-24 Stig Willner Prefabricated orthosis
JP3009547U (en) * 1994-09-28 1995-04-04 三福工業株式会社 Medical splint

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