JP3904743B2 - Water heater with thermal insulation function - Google Patents

Water heater with thermal insulation function Download PDF

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JP3904743B2
JP3904743B2 JP28796198A JP28796198A JP3904743B2 JP 3904743 B2 JP3904743 B2 JP 3904743B2 JP 28796198 A JP28796198 A JP 28796198A JP 28796198 A JP28796198 A JP 28796198A JP 3904743 B2 JP3904743 B2 JP 3904743B2
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water
water temperature
appliance
temperature
heat
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JP2000111157A (en
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徹 山田
英春 中野
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パロマ工業株式会社
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、止水状態でバーナの燃焼による熱交換器の加熱を器具の放熱状態によって所定温度まで低下した場合に行い、器具内の水温を所定温度範囲に維持可能とした保温機能付給湯器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、給湯器は、器具の出湯側に設けられた蛇口を開栓することで器具内に通水され、これを水量センサが検知すると、バーナが点火されて熱交換器を通過する水を加熱して所定温度の湯を供給し、蛇口が閉栓されて器具内の通水が停止し、これを水量センサが検知すると、バーナが消火されて器具の運転が停止する構成となっている。
そして、このような給湯器は、使用開始時に器具内に貯留していた水が送出され、出湯温度の立上りに時間がかかることから、給湯器を使わない止水状態でバーナを所定の加熱量で燃焼させて、器具内の水温を所定温度範囲に維持しておき、給湯器を使用する際には迅速な立上りで設定温度での出湯を得て使い勝手を向上させる保温機能を付与したものが知られている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、出湯側の蛇口の閉栓が不十分であると、器具内の水が微少漏れを起こす。これが水量センサが検知できる範囲外の漏れであると、器具も運転されず、ユーザーが気づかない間は水が無駄に排出されることになる。特に、上記保温機能付給湯器において微少漏れが生じると、水の無駄は勿論、保温後の放熱時間が短く、即ち温度低下が速くなることで、保温燃焼の間隔が短くなると共に、バーナの点火回数も増加する。よって、内胴の劣化が促進されて寿命の短縮化に繋がり、燃料ガスの無駄にもなってしまう。
【０００４】
そこで、請求項１に記載の発明は、保温機能の実行の際にこのような微少漏れを確実に検知して、水や燃料ガスの無駄、器具の劣化等を効果的に防止できる保温機能付給湯器を提供することを目的としたものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、前記熱交換器を含む下流側に、前記器具内の水温を検出する水温検出手段を、前記熱交換器より上流側に、前記器具への入水温度を検出する入水温検出手段を夫々備え、前記バーナの燃焼終了後の所定時間経過後で次回の燃焼前に、前記水温検出手段による前記器具内の水温と、前記入水温検出手段による前記入水温度とを比較し、前記器具内の水温と前記入水温度との差が所定値以下の場合は前記器具内の水の微少漏れと判断することを特徴とするものである。
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１の目的に加えて、より確実に微少漏れの判断を行うために、器具内の水温と入水温度との差が所定値以下の場合が連続して複数回発生した場合に微少漏れと判断するものである。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２の目的に加えて、精度の高い器具内水温の検出を可能として微少漏れの判断に伴う入水温度との差を正確に得るために、水温検出手段を、熱交換器におけるバーナに最も近い吸熱管の近傍に配置したものである。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、保温機能付給湯器（以下「給湯器」と略称する）の概略図で、給湯器１は、内部に燃焼室を形成する内胴２内に、接続された給水管３からの水をバーナ４の燃焼熱で加熱する熱交換器５を備え、熱交換器５には、加熱された湯を送り出す出湯管６が接続される。給水管３には、給水管３を通る水の温度を検出する入水温検出手段としての入水温センサ７、水の流量を検出する水量センサ８とが設けられる一方、出湯管６には、出湯管６を通る水の温度を検出する出湯温センサ９が設けられ、各センサの検出信号はコントローラ１０に入力される。又、バーナ４へのガス流路には、上流側から、元電磁弁１１、比例制御弁１２、メイン電磁弁１３が夫々設けられ、これらの弁もコントローラ１０によって開閉制御される。更に、コントローラ１０には、運転スイッチや設定温度の調整ボタン、保温制御用の保温スイッチ１５等を備えたリモコン１４の他、バーナ４点火用の点火電極１６，炎検知用のフレームロッド１７が夫々接続されている。
【０００７】
よって、この給湯器１においては、出湯管６に接続された図示しない蛇口の開栓により、器具内に通水して水量センサ８がこれを検知すると、コントローラ１０は、元電磁弁１１とメイン電磁弁１３とを夫々開弁させ、図示しないイグナイタを作動させて点火電極１６を連続スパークさせると共に、比例制御弁１２を所定の開度で開弁させてバーナ４へ点火する。その後、コントローラ１０は、リモコン１４の調整ボタンで設定された設定温度で出湯されるように、入水温センサ７から得られる初期水温から必要な加熱量を演算して、比例制御弁１２の開度を調整すると共に、出湯温センサ９から得られる検出温度を基に、出湯温度が設定温度と一致するように比例制御弁１２の開度を補正制御する。
【０００８】
又、図２は、熱交換器５における吸熱管の通水順路を示す説明図で、ここでは、バーナ４に最も近い真上の吸熱管Ｂの下流側近傍に、水温検出手段としてサーミスタ等の温度センサ１８を配置しており、コントローラ１０は、リモコン１４に設けた保温スイッチ１５がＯＮされると、温度センサ１８から得られる検出温度を監視して、器具内の水温が所定温度まで低下すると、止水状態で器具内に水を貯留させたまま、バーナ４を所定のインプットで数秒間燃焼させ、これを器具の放熱による温度低下の状況に応じて行い、器具内の水温を一定の温度に保持させる保温制御を実行可能としているが、その保温制御中に、蛇口の不十分な閉栓による水の微少漏れがある場合にはこれを検知して、ユーザーへの報知を行う微少漏れ検知制御を実行している。以下、この微少漏れ検知制御を図３のフローチャートに従って説明する。
まず、Ｓ１の判別で前回の保温燃焼の実行が確認される。先に保温燃焼が実行されないと、微少漏れ検知に伴う器具内水温の放熱状態の監視が行えないからである。よって、ここで保温燃焼がされていなければ、Ｓ２で保温燃焼が実行される。次に、Ｓ３の判別で、保温燃焼の終了から５分以上（外気温度が低い場合、点火間隔に制限がないと連続的に点火を行い、内胴の劣化が進行しやすいので、最低５分以上の点火間隔をあけるようにしている）の経過が確認されると、Ｓ４で温度センサ１８からの検出温度、即ち器具内水温が保温開始温度以下まで低下したか否かを判別する。温度低下を確認すれば、Ｓ１に戻るが、前回の保温燃焼の実行は確認できるから、Ｓ５へ移り、ここで温度センサ１８からの器具内水温と入水温センサ７からの入水温度との差が、２deg 以下（マイナス温度も含む）か否かを判別する。
【０００９】
これは、保温燃焼後の器具内水温が短時間で入水温度と略等しくなるまで低下していた場合、微少漏れにより器具内の水が置換されたと判断できるからで（例えば、器具の保有水量が７００ｍｌとして、０．１４リットル／min 以上の微少漏れがあると、燃焼終了後５分で器具内の水が全て置換される）、ここで２deg 以下でなければ、Ｓ２で次回の保温燃焼が実行される。
次に、Ｓ５の判別で入水温度との差が２deg 以下であれば、次のＳ６で、この２deg 以下の状態が複数のｘ回連続して現れるか否かを判別する。このように複数回の確認を行うのは微少漏れ判断の確実を期すためで、ここでｘ回に達すれば、微少漏れ有りと判断して、Ｓ７でその後の保温制御を中止し、Ｓ８でブザーや停止表示等による報知を行う。尚、Ｓ６の判別でｘ回に達しない場合は、Ｓ２で次回の保温燃焼が実行されることになる。
【００１０】
このように上記実施の形態では、保温制御中に微少漏れを確実に検知して、保温制御の中止や報知といった対処が可能となるため、水や燃料ガスの無駄がなくなって料金の節約に繋がり、経済的な効果が得られる。又、保温燃焼の間隔や回数が適正となるため、器具の劣化の進行を防止して寿命の短縮化を抑制することもできる。
又、器具内の水温検出手段として、熱交換器５における吸熱管Ｂの下流側近傍に設けた温度センサ１８を利用しているから、バーナ４の加熱による温度変化を敏感に検知して、器具内の水温を正確に検出可能となり、微少漏れ判断に伴う入水温度との差を正確に得ることができる。
【００１１】
尚、微少漏れ判断に伴う器具内水温と入水温度との差（所定値）は、２deg 以下に限らず、器具の保有水量等に応じて適宜増減可能であるが、この所定値を大きくすれば、少ない微少漏れに伴う器具内水温の低下に対応でき、より好ましい形態となる。又、ここでは水温検出手段として熱交換器５内の温度センサ１８を利用しているが、温度センサ１８を省略し、出湯温センサ９から得られる検出温度をそのまま器具内水温として微少漏れ検知制御に利用することができる。この場合、温度センサ１８に比べて器具内の水温把握の正確性は若干低下するものの、部品の兼用による構成の合理化とコストダウンとを達成することができる。
【００１２】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、保温制御中に微少漏れを確実に検知して、保温制御の中止や報知といった対処が可能となるため、水や燃料ガスの無駄がなくなって料金の節約に繋がり、経済的な効果が得られる。又、保温燃焼の間隔や回数が適正となるため、器具の劣化の進行を防止して寿命の短縮化を抑制することもできる。
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１の効果に加えて、器具内の水温と入水温度との差が所定値以下の場合が連続して複数回発生した場合に微少漏れと判断することで、より確実に微少漏れの判断を行うことができる。
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１又は２の効果に加えて、水温検出手段を、熱交換器におけるバーナに最も近い吸熱管の近傍に配置したことで、精度の高い器具内水温の検出を可能として微少漏れの判断に伴う入水温度との差を正確に得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】保温機能付給湯器の概略図である。
【図２】熱交換器における吸熱管の通水順路を示す説明図である。
【図３】微少漏れ検知制御のフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１・・保温機能付給湯器、２・・内胴、３・・給水管、４・・バーナ、５・・熱交換器、６・・出湯管、７・・入水温センサ、１０・・コントローラ、１４・・リモコン、１５・・保温スイッチ、１８・・温度センサ。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water heater with a heat retention function that can perform heating of a heat exchanger by burning of a burner in a water-stopped state when the temperature of the appliance is lowered to a predetermined temperature due to a heat dissipation state of the appliance and can maintain the water temperature in the appliance within a predetermined temperature range. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a water heater is passed through the appliance by opening a tap provided on the outlet side of the appliance, and when this is detected by a water sensor, the burner is ignited to heat the water passing through the heat exchanger. Then, hot water of a predetermined temperature is supplied, the faucet is closed, water flow in the appliance is stopped, and when the water amount sensor detects this, the burner is extinguished and the operation of the appliance is stopped.
In such a water heater, since the water stored in the appliance at the start of use is sent out and it takes time to rise in the hot water temperature, the burner is kept at a predetermined heating amount in a water stop state without using the water heater. The water temperature in the appliance is maintained within a predetermined temperature range, and when using a water heater, a hot water supply at a set temperature is obtained at a rapid rise and a heat retaining function is added to improve usability. Are known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, if the faucet on the side of the hot water supply is insufficiently closed, the water in the appliance leaks slightly. If this is a leak outside the range that can be detected by the water amount sensor, the appliance is not operated, and water is drained wastefully while the user is not aware. In particular, if a slight leak occurs in the water heater with the heat retaining function, not only is the water wasted, but also the heat release time after the heat retaining is shortened, that is, the temperature decrease is accelerated, so that the interval between the heat retaining combustion is shortened and the burner ignition is performed. The number of times also increases. Therefore, deterioration of the inner cylinder is promoted, leading to a shortened life, and fuel gas is wasted.
[0004]
Therefore, the invention according to claim 1 is equipped with a heat retaining function that can reliably detect such a minute leak when executing the heat retaining function and effectively prevent waste of water and fuel gas, deterioration of the instrument, and the like. The purpose is to provide a water heater.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a water temperature detecting means for detecting a water temperature in the appliance is provided on the downstream side including the heat exchanger, on the upstream side of the heat exchanger, Water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of water entering the appliance is provided, and the water temperature in the appliance by the water temperature detecting means and the incoming water temperature detection before the next combustion after the lapse of a predetermined time after completion of combustion of the burner. When the difference between the water temperature in the device and the water temperature is equal to or less than a predetermined value, it is determined that there is a slight leak of water in the device. .
In addition to the object of the first aspect, the invention according to the second aspect continuously includes the case where the difference between the water temperature in the apparatus and the incoming water temperature is equal to or less than a predetermined value in order to more reliably determine microleakage. If it occurs multiple times, it is judged as a slight leak.
In addition to the object of the first or second aspect, the invention described in claim 3 is capable of detecting the water temperature in the apparatus with high accuracy and accurately obtaining a difference from the incoming water temperature when determining a minute leak. The detection means is arranged in the vicinity of the heat absorption tube closest to the burner in the heat exchanger.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hot water heater with a heat retaining function (hereinafter abbreviated as “hot water heater”). The hot water heater 1 is connected from a water pipe 3 connected to an inner body 2 that forms a combustion chamber therein. A heat exchanger 5 for heating water with the combustion heat of the burner 4 is provided, and a hot water discharge pipe 6 for sending out the heated hot water is connected to the heat exchanger 5. The water supply pipe 3 is provided with an incoming water temperature sensor 7 as an incoming water temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the water passing through the water supply pipe 3 and a water amount sensor 8 for detecting the flow rate of the water. A tapping temperature sensor 9 for detecting the temperature of water passing through the pipe 6 is provided, and a detection signal from each sensor is input to the controller 10. The gas flow path to the burner 4 is provided with an original solenoid valve 11, a proportional control valve 12, and a main solenoid valve 13 from the upstream side, and these valves are also controlled to be opened and closed by the controller 10. Further, the controller 10 includes an ignition switch 16 for igniting the burner 4 and a flame rod 17 for flame detection, in addition to a remote control 14 provided with an operation switch, a set temperature adjustment button, a heat retention switch 15 for heat retention control, and the like. It is connected.
[0007]
Therefore, in this water heater 1, when the faucet (not shown) connected to the hot water pipe 6 is passed through the appliance and the water amount sensor 8 detects this, the controller 10 is connected to the main solenoid valve 11 and the main solenoid valve 11. Each of the electromagnetic valves 13 is opened, an igniter (not shown) is operated to spark the ignition electrode 16 continuously, and the proportional control valve 12 is opened at a predetermined opening to ignite the burner 4. Thereafter, the controller 10 calculates the required heating amount from the initial water temperature obtained from the incoming water temperature sensor 7 so that the hot water is discharged at the set temperature set by the adjustment button of the remote controller 14, and the opening degree of the proportional control valve 12 is calculated. Is adjusted and the opening degree of the proportional control valve 12 is corrected and controlled based on the detected temperature obtained from the tapping temperature sensor 9 so that the tapping temperature matches the set temperature.
[0008]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a water flow path of the heat absorption pipe in the heat exchanger 5. Here, a thermistor or the like is provided as a water temperature detection means in the vicinity of the downstream side of the heat absorption pipe B just above the burner 4. The temperature sensor 18 is arranged, and the controller 10 monitors the detected temperature obtained from the temperature sensor 18 when the heat retention switch 15 provided in the remote controller 14 is turned ON, and the water temperature in the appliance decreases to a predetermined temperature. The burner 4 is burned for a few seconds with a predetermined input while water is stored in the instrument in a water-stopped state, and this is performed according to the temperature drop caused by the heat dissipation of the instrument. Although the heat retention control can be executed, the minute leakage detection control that detects this and notifies the user if there is a minute leakage of water due to insufficient closing of the faucet during the heat retention control. Run By that. Hereinafter, this minute leak detection control will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the execution of the previous warming combustion is confirmed in the determination of S1. This is because if the heat retaining combustion is not executed first, it is not possible to monitor the heat release state of the water temperature in the appliance associated with the detection of minute leaks. Therefore, if heat-retaining combustion is not performed here, heat-retaining combustion is executed in S2. Next, in the determination of S3, at least 5 minutes from the end of the warming combustion (when the outside air temperature is low, if the ignition interval is not limited, continuous ignition is performed and deterioration of the inner cylinder is likely to proceed, so at least 5 minutes) In step S4, it is determined whether or not the detected temperature from the temperature sensor 18, that is, the water temperature in the appliance has decreased to a temperature lower than or equal to the heat retention start temperature. If the temperature decrease is confirmed, the process returns to S1, but since the previous execution of the warming combustion can be confirmed, the process proceeds to S5, where the difference between the water temperature in the appliance from the temperature sensor 18 and the water temperature from the water temperature sensor 7 is obtained. It is determined whether it is 2 deg or less (including minus temperature).
[0009]
This is because it can be determined that the water in the appliance has been replaced due to a slight leak if the water temperature in the appliance after the heat retention combustion has decreased to a level substantially equal to the incoming water temperature in a short time (for example, the amount of water held in the appliance is If there is a slight leak of 0.14 liters / min or more at 700 ml, all the water in the appliance is replaced 5 minutes after the end of combustion). If not less than 2 deg, the next warming combustion is executed in S2 Is done.
Next, if the difference from the incoming water temperature is 2 deg or less in the determination of S5, it is determined in the next S6 whether or not the state of 2 deg or less continuously appears a plurality of times. The confirmation is made a plurality of times in order to ensure the determination of the slight leak. If x is reached here, it is determined that there is a slight leak, and the subsequent heat retention control is stopped in S7, and the buzzer in S8. Notification by stop display or the like. If it is not determined x times in S6, the next warming combustion is executed in S2.
[0010]
As described above, in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to reliably detect a minute leak during the heat retention control and to stop the heat retention control or to make a notification, so that water and fuel gas are not wasted, leading to savings on charges. Economical effects can be obtained. Moreover, since the interval and the number of times of the thermal insulation combustion are appropriate, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the instrument from progressing and to shorten the life.
Moreover, since the temperature sensor 18 provided near the downstream side of the heat absorption pipe B in the heat exchanger 5 is used as the water temperature detection means in the appliance, the temperature change caused by the heating of the burner 4 is sensitively detected. The water temperature inside can be accurately detected, and the difference from the incoming water temperature associated with the minute leak determination can be obtained accurately.
[0011]
The difference (predetermined value) between the in-appliance water temperature and the incoming water temperature associated with the microleakage determination is not limited to 2 deg or less, and can be increased or decreased as appropriate according to the amount of water held by the apparatus. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a decrease in the water temperature in the appliance due to a small amount of leakage, which is a more preferable form. Here, the temperature sensor 18 in the heat exchanger 5 is used as the water temperature detection means, but the temperature sensor 18 is omitted, and the detection temperature obtained from the tapping temperature sensor 9 is used as it is as the water temperature in the appliance, and the minute leak detection control. Can be used. In this case, although the accuracy of grasping the water temperature in the instrument is slightly lower than that of the temperature sensor 18, it is possible to achieve rationalization of the configuration and cost reduction by sharing the parts.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reliably detect minute leaks during the heat retention control, and to take measures such as canceling the heat retention control or informing the user. This leads to an economic effect. Moreover, since the interval and the number of times of the thermal insulation combustion are appropriate, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the instrument from progressing and to shorten the life.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, it is determined that there is a slight leak when the difference between the water temperature in the apparatus and the incoming water temperature is not more than a predetermined value and occurs multiple times in succession. By doing so, it is possible to more reliably determine a minute leak.
According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect, the water temperature detecting means is disposed in the vicinity of the endothermic tube closest to the burner in the heat exchanger, so that the inside of the instrument with high accuracy can be obtained. It is possible to detect the water temperature, and to accurately obtain the difference from the incoming water temperature accompanying the determination of the minute leak.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water heater with a heat retaining function.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a water flow path of an endothermic tube in a heat exchanger.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of minute leak detection control.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Hot water heater with heat retention function, 2. Inner trunk, 3. Water supply pipe, 4. Burner, 5. Heat exchanger, 6. Heating pipe, 7. Water temperature sensor, 10. Controller ..14..Remote control, 15..Insulation switch, 18..Temperature sensor.

Claims (3)

止水状態でバーナの燃焼による熱交換器の加熱を、器具の放熱状態によって所定温度まで低下した場合に行い、器具内の水温を所定温度範囲に維持可能とした保温機能付給湯器であって、
前記熱交換器を含む下流側に、前記器具内の水温を検出する水温検出手段を、前記熱交換器より上流側に、前記器具への入水温度を検出する入水温検出手段を夫々備え、前記バーナの燃焼終了後の所定時間経過後で次回の燃焼前に、前記水温検出手段による前記器具内の水温と、前記入水温検出手段による前記入水温度とを比較し、前記器具内の水温と前記入水温度との差が所定値以下の場合は前記器具内の水の微少漏れと判断することを特徴とする保温機能付給湯器。A water heater with a heat-retaining function that can heat the heat exchanger by burning the burner in a water-stopped state when the temperature is lowered to a predetermined temperature due to the heat dissipation state of the appliance, and can maintain the water temperature in the appliance within a predetermined temperature range. ,
On the downstream side including the heat exchanger, water temperature detection means for detecting the water temperature in the appliance is provided, and on the upstream side of the heat exchanger, an inlet water temperature detection means for detecting the incoming water temperature to the appliance is provided. Compared with the water temperature in the appliance by the water temperature detection means and the water temperature in the appliance by the water temperature detection means before the next combustion after the lapse of a predetermined time after the combustion of the burner, A hot water heater with a heat retaining function, characterized in that if the difference from the incoming water temperature is less than or equal to a predetermined value, it is determined that there is a slight leak of water in the appliance. 器具内の水温と入水温度との差が所定値以下の場合が連続して複数回発生した場合に微少漏れと判断する請求項１に記載の保温機能付給湯器。The water heater with a heat retaining function according to claim 1, wherein a slight leak is determined when a case where the difference between the water temperature in the appliance and the incoming water temperature is not more than a predetermined value occurs continuously a plurality of times. 水温検出手段を、熱交換器におけるバーナに最も近い吸熱管の近傍に配置した請求項１又は２に記載の保温機能付給湯器。The water heater with a heat retaining function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water temperature detecting means is arranged in the vicinity of the heat absorption pipe closest to the burner in the heat exchanger.
JP28796198A 1998-10-09 1998-10-09 Water heater with thermal insulation function Expired - Fee Related JP3904743B2 (en)

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JP6657578B2 (en) * 2015-03-20 2020-03-04 アイシン精機株式会社 Water leak detection device
JP6611650B2 (en) * 2016-03-25 2019-11-27 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Water leak determination device for water heater and water leak determination method for water heater
JP7275828B2 (en) * 2019-05-10 2023-05-18 マックス株式会社 Bathroom ventilation dryer heater
JP7450424B2 (en) * 2020-03-23 2024-03-15 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Water leak detection device for hot water supply system
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