JP3901673B2 - Low NOx injection valve for liquid fuel and fuel injection method thereof - Google Patents

Low NOx injection valve for liquid fuel and fuel injection method thereof Download PDF

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JP3901673B2
JP3901673B2 JP2003308430A JP2003308430A JP3901673B2 JP 3901673 B2 JP3901673 B2 JP 3901673B2 JP 2003308430 A JP2003308430 A JP 2003308430A JP 2003308430 A JP2003308430 A JP 2003308430A JP 3901673 B2 JP3901673 B2 JP 3901673B2
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潤 細井
永兆 廣光
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石川島播磨重工業株式会社
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本発明はガスタービン用の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器に係り、更に詳しくは、液体燃料用低ＮＯｘ噴射弁とその燃料噴射方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a low NOx combustor for a gas turbine, and more particularly to a low NOx injection valve for liquid fuel and a fuel injection method thereof.

近年では環境保護のため、ガスタービンや焼却炉の燃焼排ガス中のＮＯｘ（窒素酸化物）の低減が義務付けられている。そのため、従来のガスタービン等の燃焼器では希薄予混合燃焼を行わせることでＮＯｘの低減を図っているものが多い。
すなわち、従来は、燃料と空気を均一に混合する予混合部を設け、この予混合部で予め燃料と空気を混合する予混合方式が主流であった。 In recent years, reduction of NOx (nitrogen oxides) in combustion exhaust gas from gas turbines and incinerators has been obliged to protect the environment. Therefore, many conventional combustors such as gas turbines aim to reduce NOx by performing lean premixed combustion.
That is, conventionally, a premixing method in which a premixing unit that uniformly mixes fuel and air is provided and the fuel and air are mixed in advance in this premixing unit has been mainstream.

図３は従来の希薄予混合燃焼方式の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器の一例を示す図である。
この燃焼器６０では、大量の空気が流れる主流ガス流路６１内にスワールベーン６２を設け、これにより燃焼器の軸方向に流れる空気を螺旋流として燃焼室６３内に導入する一方、燃料ガスを燃焼室内に向けて軸方向に噴出し、螺旋流となった大量の空気と燃料ガスとを混合して、これに着火することでその燃焼を行っている。
すなわち、この例では大量の空気と燃料ガスとを混合して希薄燃料ガスを生成することで火炎のホットスポットをなくして高温燃焼時に主に発生するＮＯｘの低減を図っている。 FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a conventional low NOx combustor using a lean premixed combustion system.
In this combustor 60, a swirl vane 62 is provided in a mainstream gas flow path 61 through which a large amount of air flows, whereby air flowing in the axial direction of the combustor is introduced into the combustion chamber 63 as a spiral flow, while fuel gas is introduced. A large amount of air jetted into the combustion chamber in the axial direction and mixed into a spiral flow and fuel gas are mixed and ignited to perform combustion.
That is, in this example, a large amount of air and fuel gas are mixed to generate a lean fuel gas, thereby eliminating the hot spot of the flame and reducing NOx generated mainly during high-temperature combustion.

ここで燃料ガスの濃度が希薄になるとその着火が困難となるため、従来の希薄予混合燃焼を行う燃焼器では保炎を行うパイロットバーナを燃焼室内に設け、これにより火炎基部を形成して希薄予混合燃焼ガスの連続燃焼の確保を図っていた。   Here, since the ignition becomes difficult when the concentration of the fuel gas becomes lean, a conventional burner that performs lean premixed combustion is provided with a pilot burner that holds the flame in the combustion chamber, thereby forming a flame base and making the lean The continuous combustion of the premixed combustion gas was ensured.

しかし希薄予混合燃焼方式の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器は、希薄燃料ガスの安定燃焼が困難であり、逆火（ｆｌａｓｈｂａｃｋ）や振動燃焼が発生しやすい問題点がある。また、希薄予混合燃焼により低ＮＯｘ化が得られるものの、火炎温度が低いためＣＯ濃度が高くなりやすい問題点がある。   However, the lean premixed combustion type low NOx combustor has a problem that stable combustion of the lean fuel gas is difficult, and flashback and vibration combustion are likely to occur. Further, although low NOx can be obtained by lean premixed combustion, there is a problem that the CO concentration tends to be high because the flame temperature is low.

このような希薄予混合燃焼方式の問題点を回避するために、旋回火炎を用いた拡散燃焼方式の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器が提案されている（例えば［非特許文献１］）。また、未公開の関連出願として、本願発明者等は、［特許文献１］ ［特許文献２］ ［特許文献３］等を出願している。   In order to avoid such problems of the lean premixed combustion method, a diffusion combustion type low NOx combustor using a swirling flame has been proposed (for example, [Non-Patent Document 1]). Moreover, the present inventors have filed [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 2] [Patent Document 3] and the like as unpublished related applications.

［非特許文献１］のＡｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃ Ｗｈｉｒｌ Ｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎ（非対称旋回燃焼）では、図４に示すように、内部に燃焼空間を有する円筒形状のフレームチューブ７１の一端近傍の側面に連結した空気噴出管７２から空気をフレームチューブの接線方向に噴出して旋回流とするとともに、フレームチューブの一端面に連結した燃料ガス供給管７３から燃料ガスをフレームチューブの軸方向に噴出することによって、空気と燃料ガスとの混合を促進し燃焼排ガス中のＮＯｘの低減を図るものである。   In the Asymmetric Whirl Combustion of [Non-Patent Document 1], as shown in FIG. 4, air is supplied from an air ejection pipe 72 connected to a side surface near one end of a cylindrical frame tube 71 having a combustion space therein. Is ejected in the tangential direction of the frame tube to form a swirling flow, and the fuel gas is ejected in the axial direction of the frame tube from the fuel gas supply pipe 73 connected to one end surface of the frame tube. Mixing is promoted to reduce NOx in the combustion exhaust gas.

この非対称旋回燃焼器７０では、空気流が軸方向成分を持たない点で、軸方向の流速が大きい従来のスワール（旋回器）と相違する。そのため、形成される旋回火炎が一種の排ガス循環作用を示し、低ＮＯｘ化が達成できるとともに、保炎性が高く安定燃焼が可能である特徴を有する。   This asymmetric swirl combustor 70 is different from a conventional swirl (swivel) having a large axial flow velocity in that the air flow does not have an axial component. For this reason, the formed swirl flame exhibits a kind of exhaust gas circulation action, and can achieve low NOx, and has high flame holding properties and stable combustion.

Ｈ．Ｃ．Ｇａｂｌｅｒ，ｅｔ ａｌ．"Ａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃ Ｗｈｉｒｌ Ｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎ： Ａ Ｎｅｗ Ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ ｆｏｒ Ｎｏｎ-Ｐｒｅｍｉｘｅｄ Ｌｏｗ Ｎｏｘ Ｇａｓ Ｔｕｒｂｉｎｅ Ｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｏｒ Ｄｅｓｉｇｎ"， ＡＩＡＡ-９８-３５３０H. C. Gabrer, et al. "Asymmetric White Combustion: A New Approach for Non-Premixed Low Nox Gas Turbine Combustor Design", AIAA-98-3530.

特願２００２−２５８４３１号明細書Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-258431 Specification 特願２００２−３２７３９５号明細書Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-327395 特願２００３−１３４９８１号明細書Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-134981

上述したように、予混合部で予め燃料と空気を混合する予混合方式の燃焼器では、燃焼可能な予混合気が上流側に存在するため、逆火や自着火あるいは振動燃焼が発生することがあり、最悪の場合、燃焼器が焼損するおそれがあった。特に航空機用の圧縮機は、性能向上のため圧縮比がますます高くなり、燃焼器入口温度が上昇する傾向にあることから、このリスクがさらに増すため、予混合燃焼を用いた低ＮＯｘ燃焼器の航空機用エンジンへの適用のネックとなっていた。   As described above, in a premixing type combustor in which fuel and air are mixed in advance in the premixing section, a combustible premixed gas is present on the upstream side, so that backfire, self-ignition or vibration combustion occurs In the worst case, the combustor could burn out. In particular, aircraft compressors have higher compression ratios to improve performance, and the combustor inlet temperature tends to rise. This risk is further increased, so low NOx combustors using premixed combustion. It was a bottleneck for application to aircraft engines.

本発明はかかる問題点を解決するために創案されたものである。すなわち、本発明の目的は、逆火、自着火および振動燃焼を本質的に防止でき、かつ低ＮＯｘ化が実現できる液体燃料用低ＮＯｘ噴射弁とその燃料噴射方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve such problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-NOx injection valve for liquid fuel that can essentially prevent backfire, self-ignition and vibration combustion, and realize low NOx, and a fuel injection method thereof.

本発明によれば、一端が燃焼室に開口し他端が閉じた中空円筒形の噴射弁本体と、該噴射弁本体の閉じた他端の中心軸上に取り付けられ燃料を空気と共に噴射する燃料噴射ノズルとを備え、前記噴射弁本体は、その円筒部内壁近傍に燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入し内部に強旋回流を形成する複数の空気導入ポートを備え、該強旋回流により火炎伸長を起こす外周部の強剪断領域と中心部の剛体渦領域を形成し、前記噴射弁本体の内部の前記強剪断領域により前記空気と燃料を混合し、この混合気を火炎伸長による消炎作用によって火炎の形成を防止したまま燃焼室へ供給し、前記剛体渦領域によって中心部に形成される逆流領域により、安定した火炎を形成し保炎する、ことを特徴とする液体燃料用低ＮＯｘ噴射弁が提供される。 According to the present invention, a hollow cylindrical injection valve body having one end opened to the combustion chamber and the other end closed, and a fuel that is attached on the central axis of the other closed end of the injection valve body and injects fuel together with air An injection nozzle, and the injection valve main body includes a plurality of air introduction ports for introducing combustion air inwardly in the tangential direction near the inner wall of the cylindrical portion to form a strong swirl flow therein. A strong shear region in the outer peripheral part that causes flame extension and a rigid vortex region in the center part are formed, and the air and fuel are mixed by the strong shear region inside the injection valve body, and this mixture is extinguished by flame extension. Low NOx injection for liquid fuel, characterized in that a stable flame is formed and held by a back flow region formed in the center by the rigid vortex region while preventing formation of a flame by A valve is provided.

また、本発明によれば、一端が燃焼室に開口し他端が閉じた中空円筒形の噴射弁本体内に燃料を空気と共に噴射し、噴射弁本体の円筒部内壁近傍に燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入し内部に強旋回流を形成し、該強旋回流により火炎伸長を起こす外周部の強剪断領域と中心部の剛体渦領域を形成し、前記強剪断領域に燃料を噴射して、強い乱れにより空気と燃料の混合を促進し、この混合気を火炎伸長による消炎作用によってその混合領域での火炎の形成を防いだまま燃焼室へ供給し、前記剛体渦領域によって中心部に形成される逆流領域により、安定した火炎を形成し保炎する、ことを特徴とする液体燃料の噴射方法が提供される。 Further, according to the present invention, fuel is injected together with air into a hollow cylindrical injection valve body having one end opened to the combustion chamber and the other end closed, and combustion air is tangential to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the injection valve body. It is introduced inward in the direction to form a strong swirl flow inside, forming a strong shear region in the outer periphery and a rigid vortex region in the center that cause flame extension by the strong swirl flow, and injecting fuel into the strong shear region The mixture of air and fuel is promoted by strong turbulence, and this mixture is supplied to the combustion chamber while preventing the formation of flame in the mixing region by the extinguishing action by the flame extension. A liquid fuel injection method is provided in which a stable flame is formed and held by the formed backflow region .

上記本発明の方法及び装置によれば、強剪断領域において形成される予混合燃焼に近い均一な希薄混合気により、低ＮＯｘ燃焼を実現するとともに、混合領域で生ずる火炎伸長による消炎作用により、高温・高圧下でも予混合燃焼のような空気／燃料混合部での逆火・自着火を防止でき、燃焼器の焼損やＮＯｘの増加を防げる。
また、逆流領域で形成される噴射弁中心部の安定した火炎が、外周部に形成される予混合火炎に近い低ＮＯｘ火炎の保炎源となり、パイロットバーナなどを設けなくても安定した燃焼を維持できる。
従って、混合領域で生ずる火炎伸長による消炎作用により、逆火、自着火および振動燃焼を本質的に防止でき、かつ低ＮＯｘ化が実現できる。 According to the above-described method and apparatus of the present invention, low NOx combustion is realized by a homogeneous lean mixture close to premixed combustion formed in a strong shear region, and a high temperature is obtained by extinguishing action due to flame extension occurring in the mixing region.・ Even under high pressure, backfire / self-ignition can be prevented in the air / fuel mixture part, such as premixed combustion, and combustor burnout and NOx increase can be prevented.
In addition, the stable flame in the center of the injection valve formed in the backflow region becomes a flame holding source for the low NOx flame close to the premixed flame formed in the outer peripheral portion, and stable combustion can be achieved without providing a pilot burner or the like. Can be maintained.
Therefore, the flame extinguishing action caused by the flame extension occurring in the mixed region can essentially prevent backfire, self-ignition and vibration combustion, and can achieve low NOx.

以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において共通する部分には同一の符号を付して使用する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and used for the common part in each figure.

図１は、本発明の低ＮＯｘ噴射弁の実施形態図である。この図において、（Ａ）は横断面図、（Ｂ）はＡ-Ａ断面図である。この図に示すように、本発明の液体燃料用低ＮＯｘ噴射弁１０は、噴射弁本体１２と燃料噴射ノズル１４とを備える。   FIG. 1 is an embodiment diagram of a low NOx injection valve of the present invention. In this figure, (A) is a transverse sectional view and (B) is an AA sectional view. As shown in this figure, the low-NOx injection valve 10 for liquid fuel of the present invention includes an injection valve body 12 and a fuel injection nozzle 14.

噴射弁本体１２は、一端１２ａが燃焼室１に開口し、他端１２ｂが閉じた中空円筒形の部材である。この噴射弁本体１２は、その円筒部内壁近傍に複数（この例で４つ）の空気導入ポート１３を備え、燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入して内部に強い旋回流２を形成する。この強旋回流２により、図１Ｂに示すように、外周部に火炎伸長を起こす強剪断領域３と中心部の剛体渦領域４が形成される。   The injection valve body 12 is a hollow cylindrical member having one end 12a opened to the combustion chamber 1 and the other end 12b closed. The injection valve main body 12 includes a plurality (four in this example) of air introduction ports 13 in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion, and introduces combustion air inwardly in the tangential direction to form a strong swirl flow 2 inside. . As shown in FIG. 1B, the strong swirl flow 2 forms a strong shear region 3 that causes flame extension on the outer peripheral portion and a rigid vortex region 4 at the center.

燃料噴射ノズル１４は、噴射弁本体１２の閉じた他端１２ｂの中心軸上に取り付けられ、燃料を空気と共に噴射するノズルである。   The fuel injection nozzle 14 is a nozzle that is attached on the central axis of the other closed end 12 b of the injection valve body 12 and injects fuel together with air.

この構成により、強剪断領域３において予混合燃焼に近い均一な希薄混合気５を形成する。また、中心部の剛体渦領域４により、燃焼ガスが中心部に循環する循環流６を形成し、剛体渦領域４に安定した保炎源７を形成するようになっている。   With this configuration, a uniform lean mixture 5 close to premixed combustion is formed in the strong shear region 3. In addition, the rigid vortex region 4 in the central portion forms a circulating flow 6 in which combustion gas circulates in the central portion, and a stable flame holding source 7 is formed in the rigid vortex region 4.

なお、空気導入ポート１３から導入する空気は、この強剪断領域３と剛体渦領域４により、均一な希薄混合気５と循環流６が形成されるように流量と流速を設定するのがよい。   The flow rate and flow rate of the air introduced from the air introduction port 13 are preferably set so that a uniform lean mixture 5 and a circulating flow 6 are formed by the strong shear region 3 and the rigid vortex region 4.

また、本発明の液体燃料の噴射方法は、上述した低ＮＯｘ噴射弁１０を用い、一端が燃焼室１に開口し他端が閉じた中空円筒形の噴射弁本体１２内に燃料を空気と共に噴射し、噴射弁本体１２の円筒部内壁近傍に燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入し内部に強旋回流２を形成し、この強旋回流２により火炎伸長を起こす外周部の強剪断領域３と中心部の剛体渦領域４を形成する。   The liquid fuel injection method of the present invention uses the low NOx injection valve 10 described above, and injects fuel together with air into a hollow cylindrical injection valve body 12 having one end opened to the combustion chamber 1 and the other end closed. Then, combustion air is introduced tangentially inwardly in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the injection valve body 12 to form a strong swirl flow 2 inside, and a strong shear region 3 in the outer peripheral portion that causes flame extension by the strong swirl flow 2. And the central rigid vortex region 4 is formed.

さらに詳しくは、強剪断領域２に燃料を噴射して、強い乱れにより空気と燃料の混合を促進し、かつそこに作用する火炎伸長による消炎作用によってその混合領域３での火炎の形成を防いで均一な希薄混合気５を形成し、剛体渦領域４によって中心部に形成される循環流６により、安定した保炎源７を形成し保炎する。   More specifically, the fuel is injected into the strong shear region 2 to promote the mixing of air and fuel by strong turbulence, and the formation of flame in the mixing region 3 is prevented by the extinguishing action due to the flame extension acting thereon. A uniform lean mixture 5 is formed, and a stable flame holding source 7 is formed and held by the circulating flow 6 formed in the center by the rigid vortex region 4.

図２は、本発明の低ＮＯｘ噴射弁の作用説明図である。この図において、（Ａ）は壁面に沿った噴流の発達状態を示す模式図であり、（Ｂ）は強剪断領域３の模式図、（Ｃ）は剛体渦領域４の模式図である。   FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory view of the low NOx injection valve of the present invention. In this figure, (A) is a schematic diagram showing the development state of the jet along the wall surface, (B) is a schematic diagram of the strong shear region 3, and (C) is a schematic diagram of the rigid vortex region 4.

図２Ａにおいて、壁面に沿ってノズルから流出した直後の噴流中央部の速度分布は一様であるが、この一様速度部分は、両側から発達する境界層によって浸食されて減少し、ある距離のところで消滅する。この部分はくさび状であって、ポテンシャルコアと呼ばれる。またポテンシャルコアが消失したあとの完全発達領域でも速度および乱れの分布は変化し、十分下流ではこれらの分布形状は相似となる。ポテンシャルコアの長さは、ノズルの高さ又は直径をｄとした場合、５〜８ｄ程度である。   In FIG. 2A, the velocity distribution in the central portion of the jet immediately after flowing out of the nozzle along the wall surface is uniform, but this uniform velocity portion is eroded and reduced by the boundary layer that develops from both sides. By the way, it disappears. This part has a wedge shape and is called a potential core. In addition, the velocity and turbulence distribution changes even in the fully developed region after the potential core disappears, and these distribution shapes are similar enough downstream. The length of the potential core is about 5 to 8d, where d is the nozzle height or diameter.

強旋回流中のポテンシャルコア領域または完全発達領域では、速度最大のピークを境として自由渦的性質を有する領域（図２Ｂ）と強制渦的性質を有する領域（図２Ｃ）とに分けられ、そのうち自由渦領域（強剪断領域３）ではせん断によって混合が著しく促進される。従って、この領域に燃料を噴射すると、火炎伸張が生じ火炎塊は短時間に冷却される消炎作用が作用し、着火を防止することができる。
また、強制渦的性質を有する領域（剛体渦領域４）では、形成される旋回火炎が一種の排ガス循環作用を示し、低ＮＯｘ化とＣＯ発生量の低減の両方が達成できるとともに、保炎性が高く安定燃焼が可能となる。 The potential core region or the fully developed region in the strong swirl flow is divided into a region having a free vortex property (FIG. 2B) and a region having a forced vortex property (FIG. 2C) from the peak of the maximum velocity. In the free vortex region (strong shear region 3), mixing is significantly accelerated by shear. Accordingly, when fuel is injected into this region, flame extension occurs, and the flame lump is cooled in a short time to act as a flame extinguisher, thereby preventing ignition.
Further, in the region having the forced vortex property (rigid vortex region 4), the swirling flame formed exhibits a kind of exhaust gas circulation action, which can achieve both low NOx and reduction of CO generation, and flame holding properties. High and stable combustion is possible.

上述したように、本発明の方法及び装置によれば、強剪断領域３において形成される予混合燃焼に近い均一な希薄混合気５により、低ＮＯｘ燃焼を実現することができる。また、混合領域３で生ずる火炎伸長による消炎作用により、高温・高圧下でも予混合燃焼のような空気／燃料混合部での逆火・自着火を防止でき、燃焼器の焼損やＮＯｘの増加を防げる。
また、逆流領域６で形成される噴射弁中心部の安定した火炎が、外周部に形成される予混合火炎に近い低ＮＯｘ火炎の保炎源７となり、パイロットバーナなどを設けなくても安定した燃焼を維持できる。
従って、混合領域で生ずる火炎伸長による消炎作用により、逆火、自着火および振動燃焼を本質的に防止でき、かつ低ＮＯｘ化が実現できる。 As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, low NOx combustion can be realized by the uniform lean mixture 5 close to the premixed combustion formed in the strong shear region 3. In addition, the flame extinguishing action due to the flame extension occurring in the mixing zone 3 can prevent back-fire / self-ignition in the air / fuel mixing part such as premixed combustion even at high temperature and high pressure, thereby reducing combustor burnout and NOx increase. I can prevent it.
In addition, the stable flame in the central portion of the injection valve formed in the backflow region 6 becomes a flame holding source 7 for a low NOx flame close to the premixed flame formed in the outer peripheral portion, which is stable without providing a pilot burner or the like. Can maintain combustion.
Therefore, the flame extinguishing action caused by the flame extension occurring in the mixed region can essentially prevent backfire, self-ignition and vibration combustion, and can achieve low NOx.

本発明の低ＮＯｘ噴射弁の実施形態図である。It is an embodiment figure of the low NOx injection valve of the present invention. 本発明の低ＮＯｘ噴射弁の作用説明図である。It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the low NOx injection valve of this invention. 従来の希薄予混合燃焼方式の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器の模式的構成図である。It is a typical block diagram of the conventional low NOx combustor of a lean premixed combustion system. 従来の非対称旋回燃焼方式の低ＮＯｘ燃焼器の模式的構成図である。It is a typical block diagram of the conventional low NOx combustor of an asymmetric swirl combustion system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 燃焼室、２ 強旋回流、３ 強剪断領域、４ 剛体渦領域、
５ 希薄混合気、６ 循環流、７ 保炎源、
１０ 低ＮＯｘ噴射弁、１２ 噴射弁本体、１２ａ 一端、１２ｂ 他端、
１３ 空気導入ポート、１４ 燃料噴射ノズル

1 combustion chamber, 2 strong swirl flow, 3 strong shear region, 4 rigid vortex region,
5 lean mixture, 6 circulating flow, 7 flame holding source,
10 low NOx injection valve, 12 injection valve body, 12a one end, 12b other end,
13 Air introduction port, 14 Fuel injection nozzle

Claims (2)

一端が燃焼室に開口し他端が閉じた中空円筒形の噴射弁本体と、該噴射弁本体の閉じた他端の中心軸上に取り付けられ燃料を空気と共に噴射する燃料噴射ノズルとを備え、
前記噴射弁本体は、その円筒部内壁近傍に燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入し内部に強旋回流を形成する複数の空気導入ポートを備え、
該強旋回流により火炎伸長を起こす外周部の強剪断領域と中心部の剛体渦領域を形成し、
前記噴射弁本体の内部の前記強剪断領域により前記空気と燃料を混合し、この混合気を火炎伸長による消炎作用によって火炎の形成を防止したまま燃焼室へ供給し、
前記剛体渦領域によって中心部に形成される逆流領域により、安定した火炎を形成し保炎する、ことを特徴とする液体燃料用低ＮＯｘ噴射弁。 A hollow cylindrical injection valve body having one end opened to the combustion chamber and the other end closed, and a fuel injection nozzle attached on the central axis of the other closed end of the injection valve body and injecting fuel together with air,
The injection valve body includes a plurality of air introduction ports that introduce combustion air inwardly in the tangential direction in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion and form a strong swirl flow therein.
Forming a strong shear region at the outer peripheral portion that causes flame extension by the strong swirl flow and a rigid vortex region at the central portion ;
The air and fuel are mixed by the strong shear region inside the injection valve main body, and the mixture is supplied to the combustion chamber while preventing the formation of flame by the extinguishing action by the flame extension,
A low NOx injection valve for liquid fuel, characterized in that a stable flame is formed and held by a backflow region formed in the center by the rigid vortex region . 一端が燃焼室に開口し他端が閉じた中空円筒形の噴射弁本体内に燃料を空気と共に噴射し、
噴射弁本体の円筒部内壁近傍に燃焼用空気を接線方向内方に導入し内部に強旋回流を形成し、
該強旋回流により火炎伸長を起こす外周部の強剪断領域と中心部の剛体渦領域を形成し、
前記強剪断領域に燃料を噴射して、強い乱れにより空気と燃料の混合を促進し、この混合気を火炎伸長による消炎作用によってその混合領域での火炎の形成を防いだまま燃焼室へ供給し、
前記剛体渦領域によって中心部に形成される逆流領域により、安定した火炎を形成し保炎する、ことを特徴とする液体燃料の噴射方法。 Fuel is injected together with air into a hollow cylindrical injection valve body with one end opened to the combustion chamber and the other end closed.
Combustion air is introduced tangentially inward near the inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the injection valve body to form a strong swirl flow inside,
Forming a strong shear region at the outer peripheral portion that causes flame extension by the strong swirl flow and a rigid vortex region at the central portion;
Fuel is injected into the strong shear region to promote mixing of air and fuel by strong turbulence, and this mixture is supplied to the combustion chamber while preventing the formation of flame in the mixing region by the extinguishing action due to flame extension. ,
A liquid fuel injection method , wherein a stable flame is formed and flame-retained by a backflow region formed in a central portion by the rigid vortex region .
JP2003308430A 2003-09-01 2003-09-01 Low NOx injection valve for liquid fuel and fuel injection method thereof Expired - Lifetime JP3901673B2 (en)

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