JP3898266B2 - Impact wrench - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3898266B2
JP3898266B2 JP06741597A JP6741597A JP3898266B2 JP 3898266 B2 JP3898266 B2 JP 3898266B2 JP 06741597 A JP06741597 A JP 06741597A JP 6741597 A JP6741597 A JP 6741597A JP 3898266 B2 JP3898266 B2 JP 3898266B2
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cam
rotary hammer
sliding surface
anvil
passage groove
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JPH10244472A (en
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良一 芝田
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Kuken Co Ltd
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Kuken Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ボルトやナット等の螺子の締め付けを行うインパクトレンチの改良に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のインパクトレンチは、例えば実公平4ー32225号公報に開示されているように、エアモータのロータ軸と連結した円筒形状の回転ハンマの回転力をアンビルに伝達して該アンビル先端に取付けたソケットに嵌合している螺子を締め付けるように構成したものが広く知られている。このようなインパクトレンチの回転伝達機構としては、図10、図11に示すように、円筒形状の回転ハンマ21とこの回転ハンマ21に回転軸芯を同一にして該回転ハンマ21内に回転自在に配設されたアンビル31とからなり、回転ハンマ21はその内周面の前部に上記回転軸芯を中心とする円形のカム摺動面22と該カム摺動面22の一部を外径方向に拡大してなるカム通過溝23とを設けると共にこのカム通過溝23の中央後方における内周面の後部側に打撃突起24を突設している一方、アンビル31はその外周面前端側にカム33を一体的に設けたアンビル片32を左右揺動自在に配設すると共に該アンビル片32の底面をアンビル 31に内装したスプリング34の力によってアンビル片32が上記打撃突起24に係合しない中立姿勢となる方向に付勢してなる構造を有している。
【0003】
そして、回転ハンマ21が回転すると、カム33が回転ハンマ21のカム摺動面22に摺接して回転ハンマ21の回転方向に傾斜し、アンビル片32も打撃突起24に係合可能な状態に傾斜させられた状態を保持し、この状態で回転ハンマ21が略一回転すると、カム33が回転ハンマ21のカム通過溝23に入ると同時にアンビル片32の側面に回転ハンマ21の打撃突起24が衝突して係止し、回転ハンマ21の回転力がアンビル片32を介してアンビル31に伝達し、該アンビル31の先端角軸部に取付けたソケット体を介してボルト・ナットの締め付けを行うものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のような従来のインパクトレンチにおいては、回転ハンマ21の内周面に設けているカム摺動面22は回転ハンマ21の回転軸芯と同一中心上に設けられているために、アンビル片32に一体に設けられているカム33が該カム摺動面22に摺接している状態においては、その傾き角度θが回転ハンマ21のカム通過溝23に達するまで常に一定であり、従って、回転力の伝達を行うための回転ハンマ21の打撃突起24に対するアンビル片32の側面係合幅(係合面積)を大きくすることができないばかりでなく、カム33が回転ハンマ21のカム通過溝23に達してカム摺動面22との摺接が解かれてアンビル片32が打撃突起24に係合するまでの間は、瞬間的ではあるがカム33がカム摺動面22に摺接していないためにスプリング34の復元力が作用してアンビル片32が中立姿勢となる方向に付勢され、そのため、打撃突起24に対するアンビル片32の係合幅が狭くなる傾向が生じて耐久性が低下するという問題点があった。
【0005】
本発明はこのような問題点鑑みてなされたもので、回転ハンマの打撃突起に対するアンビル片の係合幅、即ち打撃接触幅を大きくして耐久性を増大させ、安定した回転力の伝達を可能にすることを目的としたインパクトレンチを提供するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明のインパクトレンチは、内周面に中心方向に向けて突出した打撃突起を設けていると共に円形状のカム摺動面と該カム摺動面の一部にカム通過溝を設けてなる円筒形状の回転ハンマ内にアンビルを該回転ハンマと同一軸芯上に回転自在に設け、このアンビル上に上記カム摺動面に摺接するカムを一体的に設けたアンビル片を左右揺動自在に配設し、上記回転ハンマの回転によってカム摺動面に摺接するカムを介して傾き状態に保持されたアンビル片の側面を上記打撃突起の対向側面に衝突させることによりアンビルに打撃回転力を伝達するように構成したインパクトレンチにおいて、上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面を、該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くなる円弧面に形成してなる構造を有している。
【0007】
上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面を、該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くするには、請求項2に記載したように、回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面の中心を回転ハンマの回転中心に対して上記カム通過溝とは反対方向に偏心させることにより形成することができ、また、請求項3に記載したように、上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面において、上記カム通過溝の中央を通る直径方向の直線によって分割される左右の円弧状カム摺動面をその円弧長の中央部からカム通過溝に向かって該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が徐々に短くなるように形成してもよい。
【0008】
【作用】
回転ハンマが回転すると、カムが回転ハンマのカム摺動面に摺接して回転ハンマの回転方向に傾斜し、アンビル片も打撃突起に係合可能な状態に傾斜させられた状態を保持するが、カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くなるように形成しているので、回転ハンマの回転によってアンビル片がカム通過溝に接近するに従って、カムの傾き角度が徐々に大きくなり、アンビル片の傾きも増大してカムがカム摺動面から離れてカム通過溝内に入った直後におけるアンビル片の回転ハンマの打撃突起に対する係合幅が大きくなる。
【0009】
さらに、カムがカム通過溝に近づくに従って回転中心方向に湾曲しているカム摺動面によって該カム及びアンビル片を中立姿勢となる方向に付勢しているスプリングに抗して押圧され、アンビル片がその慣性モーメントによってカムがカム摺動面から離れた直後においても傾き度を増大させようとする方向に作動して回転ハンマの打撃突起との係合幅が一層増大し、その上、カムの先端突部とカム摺動面との接触部分がカム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々にカムの先端から一側面側に変位して接触部が一部分に集中することによる摩損が防止され、耐久性が向上すると共にこの係合幅を維持しながら規則正しい打撃回転力を発生させ、安定した螺子の締め付けが可能となるものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施の形態を図面について説明すると、図1はインパクトレンチの全体構造を示すもので、後端に把手部1aを有するケーシング1の後部内に、公知のように外部から供給される圧縮空気によって操作レバーや切り換えレバーを介して回転させられるエアモータ2を内装していると共にこのエアモータ2の前方側におけるケーシング1の前部内に円筒形状の回転ハンマ3を内装して該回転ハンマ3の円板状後部壁3aの中心部を上記エアモータ2のロータ軸の前端にスプライン嵌合させてエアモータ2と一体的に回転するように構成している。一方、ケーシング1の前端部にはその回転軸芯を上記回転ハンマ3と同一回転軸芯に一致させたアンビル4が回転自在に支承され、ケーシング1の前端から突出する該アンビル4の先端部をボルトやナット等の螺子嵌合用ソケット体(図示せず)の取付角軸部4aに形成していると共にケーシング1内においては、該アンビル4を上記回転ハンマ3内に配設している。
【0011】
回転ハンマ3は、後述するアンビル片5の前端に一体的に取付けたカム6に対する円形状摺動面7が回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯(中心)に対してその中心を偏心させている点以外は従来から広く知られている回転ハンマ3と同一構造を有している。即ち、この回転ハンマ3の前端部内周面に設けられた円形状のカム摺動面7には図2、図5に示すように、その一部(図においては上部)を一定の円弧長だけ外径方向に拡大させてカム6が中立姿勢で通過可能な深さを有するカム通過溝8を形成していると共にこのカム摺動面7は回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oから小間隔yだけ下方(カム通過溝8とは反対方向)に偏心した点O1を中心として描いた円形面に形成されている。従って、該カム摺動面7と回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯間の距離は、カム通過溝8に近づくに従って徐々に短くなるように形成され、カム摺動面7はカム通過溝8に向かうに従って徐々に内方に傾斜した円弧状面となっているものである。
【0012】
さらに、この回転ハンマ3の内周面において、上記カム通過溝8の円弧長の中央位置における後方部には山形状の打撃突起9を回転ハンマ3の長さ方向に突設していると共に該打撃突起9の両側面を凹弧状溝部9a、9bを介して回転ハンマ3の内周面に連続させている。また、回転ハンマ3の内周面における長さ方向の中間部には、図3に示すように上記弧状溝部9a、9bよりも深い一定幅を有する周溝10を全周に亘って形成している。なお、この周溝10は上記打撃突起9と直径方向に対向する円弧長部分を回転ハンマ3の内周面と同一曲面で連なる突出曲面10a に形成し、その他の部分は円形状の周溝10に形成している。
【0013】
一方、回転ハンマ3内において該回転ハンマ3と同一軸芯上に回転自在に設けられたアンビル4上には前端部にカム6を一体的に取付けているアンビル片5が左右方向に揺動自在に配設されている。これらのアンビル片5やカム6の形状は通常のインパクトレンチと同様であるが簡単に説明すると、アンビル片5は上記アンビル4に長さ方向に刻設している断面半円形状の支持溝11にその半円形状の下周面を左右揺動自在に載置してあり、揺動によって支持溝11から露出する両側面を上記回転ハンマ3の打撃突起9との衝突係合面5a、5bに形成している。又、アンビル片5の前端面に図4に示すように、断面縦長長円形状の水平軸12を突設して該水平軸12をカム6の中心部に設けた孔に挿嵌させることによってカム6を一体的に取付けている。
【0014】
さらに、アンビル片5の後端面はアンビル4の後端に固着した保持リング13の上部前端面に突設している短軸14によって左右揺動可能に支持されていると共にこのアンビル片5の下周面中央部は一定幅だけ平坦な面に形成されている。上記カム6はその下周面をアンビル片5の下周面よりもやゝ大径に形成してアンビル4に設けている上記支持溝11の前端部の大径溝部に左右揺動自在に嵌入していると共にその上部は下周面の両側端から上方に突出する山形状の突部6aに形成し、該突部6aを支持溝11から回転ハンマ3のカム摺動面7に向かって突出させている。アンビル4の回転中心からこのカム6の突部6aの先端までの距離は、回転ハンマ3のカム摺動面7の半径よりもやゝ長くされてあり、従って、カム6の突部6aをカム摺動面7に摺接させた状態においては、カム6が回転ハンマ3の回転方向にアンビル片5と共に傾斜した状態となり、カム通過溝8に入ると、アンビル片5と共に中立姿勢、即ち、突部6aが回転ハンマ3の直径方向に向くように構成している。
【0015】
このような中立姿勢に保持するための手段としては、公知のように、アンビル4の長さ方向の中央部に上記支持溝11から垂直方向に貫通孔15を設けて該貫通孔15の上下部にアンビル片押圧部材16とスプリング受止部材17とを夫々摺動自在に内装し、アンビル片押圧部材16とスプリング受止部材17との対向面間にスプリング18を圧入すると共にスプリング受止部材17の下端から突設した脚片19を回転ハンマ3の内周面に設けている上記周溝10に摺接させる一方、アンビル片押圧部材16の上面によってアンビル片5の円弧状下面を押圧して該アンビル片5が中立姿勢となるように付勢している。なお、アンビル片5を中立姿勢に付勢する手段としては、このようなスプリングを用いた手段以外に流体圧を用いた手段等を採用してもよい。
【0016】
このように構成した実施例におけるインパクトレンチの作用を述べると、エアモータ2を作動させて回転ハンマ3を、図2に示すように時計方向に回転させると、該回転ハンマ3の始動時にカム6が該回転ハンマ3のカム通過溝8内に位置して中立姿勢を保持している状態にある場合には該カム6の突部6aに回転ハンマ3のカム通過溝8の一方の端部(図においては左側端部)が当接して該カム6をアンビル片と共に同一方向に回動、傾斜させ、その突部6aの一側面部(左側面部)をカム摺動面7に摺接させた状態となる。
【0017】
この時、カム摺動面7がカム通過溝8に近づくに従ってその内周面を徐々に回転中心方向に傾斜した円弧面となるように該カム摺動面7と回転ハンマ3の回転中心間の距離を徐々に短く形成しているので、回転ハンマ3が略一回転する間において、カム6が図6示すように、カム通過溝8の中央部から直径方向に対向するカム摺動面7の位置、即ち、打撃突起9から最も離れた位置を通過してカム通過溝8の他端部に接近するに従って、カム摺動面7に対する突部6aの摺接部分が突部6aの先端側から一側面側に移りながら該カム6の傾き角度が図6から図7に示すようにθからαへと徐々に大きくなる。
【0018】
このカム6の傾き角度の増大によって該カム6と一体のアンビル片5が同様に中立姿勢からの傾き角度を同一方向に増大させ、図7、8に示すように回転ハンマ3のカム通過溝8の他端部にカム6の突部6aが達した時にアンビル4の支持溝11から露出したアンビル片5の一側面の周方向の幅、即ち、衝突係合面5aの打撃突起9に対する打撃接触幅が最大限に近くなる。
【0019】
さらに、カム6が回転ハンマ3のカム摺動面7に摺接して上述したように傾動した状態においては該カム6と一体のアンビル片5の傾動によってアンビル片押圧部材16がスプリング18の力に抗して下方に押し下げられた状態にあるが、カム6がカム通過溝8に近づくに従って回転中心方向に向かって傾斜しているカム摺動面7によりカム6と一体のアンビル片5がさらにその傾き角度を大きくなる方向に強制的に回動力を付与され、この時のアンビル片5が上記スプリング18の押圧力に打ち勝ってカム6がカム摺動面7から離れた直後においても傾き度を増大させようとする方向に作動して回転ハンマ3の打撃突起9とアンビル片5の衝突係合面5aとの打撃接触幅(係合幅)が一層増大し、その状態で瞬時にアンビル片5の衝突係合面5aが回転ハンマ3の打撃突起9に衝突、係止して回転ハンマ3の回転力が該アンビル片5を介してアンビル4に伝達し、該アンビル4の先端角軸部に取付けたソケット体を介してボルト・ナット等の螺子を締め付け方向に回動させるものである。なお、アンビル片5と打撃突起9とが係合している状態においてはスプリング受止部材17の脚片19が周溝10の突出曲面10a 上に摺接していてスプリング18の弾発力が大きくなっている。
【0020】
上記エアモータ2の回転による回転ハンマ3の打撃突起9とアンビル片5との係合作用は一瞬の間に行われ、係合した状態を保持して螺子を回動させ、螺子が取付面に着座してアンビル4側の抵抗が高まると、該アンビル4が徐々にその回転速度を減少させながら停止に近づく。従って、アンビル片5に作用する遠心力は小さくなり、該遠心力がなくなるとアンビル片5を中立姿勢になる方向に付勢しているスプリン18が打撃突起9とアンビル片5間の静止摩擦力に打ち勝ってアンビル片5が反時計方向に回動して打撃突起9との係合が外れて中立姿勢となり、カム6の突部6aをカム通過溝8に通過させながら回転ハンマ3が時計方向にフリーランニングを行う。
【0021】
この際、カム6の突部6aがカム通過溝8を通過したのち、再び、その突部6aがカム通過溝8の一端部に当接して傾動し、回転ハンマ3のカム摺動面7に上述したように傾斜した状態で摺動しながら且つカム通過溝8の他端部に近づくに従ってアンビル片5の傾き角度を増大させながらカム通過溝8内に入って回転ハンマ3の打撃突起9にアンビル片5が衝撃的に係合し、その衝撃力によってアンビル4に回転トルクを付与したのち直ちにリバウンドして中立姿勢に復帰し、カム通過溝8を通じて再び一回転してアンビル片5と打撃突起9とが衝撃的に係合し、この衝撃打を繰り返すことによって螺子の締め付けを強固に行うものである。
【0022】
なお、以上の実施例においては、回転ハンマ3の内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面7を、該カム摺動面7と回転ハンマ3の回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝8に近づくに従って徐々に短くなる円弧面に形成する方法として、円形状カム摺動面7の中心を回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oから下方に偏心させてカム通過溝8と直径方向に対向する部分が回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oから最も離れた位置にし、その部分からカム通過溝8の両側端に近づくに従って回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oとの距離が徐々に短くなるように左右の円弧面を形成しているが、要するに、カム通過溝8の両側端から適宜円弧長部分をカム通過溝8の両側端に近づくに従って回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oとの距離が徐々に短くなる円弧状面に形成しておいても上記と同様な作用効果を奏することができる。
【0023】
このような円弧状面は、例えば、図9に示すように、カム通過溝8が上方にある場合において、左右の円弧面8a、8bを夫々回転ハンマ3の回転軸芯Oから左下側と右下側に偏心させた点O1、O2を中心とし、夫々の点O1、O2からカム通過溝8の左右両側端間を半径とする円を描いたときの円弧面に形成してもよい。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明のインパクトレンチによれば、内周面に中心方向に向けて突出した打撃突起を設けていると共に円形状のカム摺動面と該カム摺動面の一部にカム通過溝を設けてなる円筒形状の回転ハンマ内にアンビルを該回転ハンマと同一軸芯上に回転自在に設け、このアンビル上に上記カム摺動面に摺接するカムを一体的に設けたアンビル片を左右揺動自在に配設し、上記回転ハンマの回転によってカム摺動面に摺接するカムを介して傾き状態に保持されたアンビル片の側面を上記打撃突起の対向側面に衝突させることによりアンビルに打撃回転力を伝達するように構成したインパクトレンチにおいて、上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面を、該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くなる円弧面に形成しているので、回転ハンマの回転によってアンビル片がカム通過溝に接近するに従って、その傾き角度を徐々に大きくすることができ、カムがカム摺動面から離れてカム通過溝内に入った直後における回転ハンマの打撃突起に対するアンビル片の係合幅を大きくして回転ハンマからアンビルに打撃回転力を確実に伝達することができるものである。
【0025】
さらに、カムがカム通過溝に近づくに従って回転中心方向に湾曲しているカム摺動面によって該カム及びアンビル片を中立姿勢となる方向に付勢しているスプリングに抗して押圧され、カムがカム摺動面から離れた直後においてもアンビル片が傾き度を増大させようとする方向に作動して回転ハンマの打撃突起との係合幅を一層増大させることができ、その上、カムの先端突部とカム摺動面との接触部分がカム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々にカムの先端から一側面側に変位して接触部が一部分に集中することによる摩損が防止され、耐久性が向上すると共にこの係合幅を維持しながら規則正しい打撃回転力を発生させ、安定した螺子の締め付けが可能となるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 インパクトレンチの簡略縦断側面図。
【図2】 そのAーA線における縦断正面図。
【図3】 BーB線における縦断正面図。
【図4】 回転ハンマとアンビルの分解斜視図。
【図5】 カム摺動面の中心を偏心させた回転ハンマの縦断正面図。
【図6】 カムが回転ハンマのカム通過溝から最も離れた位置にある場合の縦断正面図。
【図7】 カムが回転ハンマのカム通過溝に最も近づいた状態の縦断正面図。
【図8】 その時のアンビル片の傾斜状態を示す縦断正面図。
【図9】 カム摺動面の中心を偏心させた回転ハンマの別な実施例を示す縦断正面図。
【図10】 従来の回転ハンマとアンビルとによる打撃伝達機構の縦断正面図。
【図11】 そのアンビル片部分における縦断正面図。
【符号の説明】
1 ケーシング
2 エアモータ
3 回転ハンマ
4 アンビル
5 アンビル片
6 カム
7 カム摺動面
8 カム通過溝
9 打撃突起
O 回転ハンマの回転軸芯
O1 カム摺動面の中心
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of an impact wrench that tightens screws such as bolts and nuts.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional impact wrench is a socket attached to the anvil tip by transmitting the rotational force of a cylindrical rotary hammer connected to the rotor shaft of the air motor to the anvil as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-32225. A configuration in which a screw fitted to a screw is fastened is widely known. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the impact transmission mechanism of the impact wrench has a cylindrical rotary hammer 21 and the rotary hammer 21 having the same rotation axis and can be rotated in the rotary hammer 21. The rotating hammer 21 has a circular cam sliding surface 22 centered on the rotating shaft center and a part of the cam sliding surface 22 on the outer diameter. And a cam projection groove 23 which is enlarged in the direction and a striking projection 24 is provided on the rear side of the inner peripheral surface at the center rear of the cam passage groove 23, while the anvil 31 is on the front end side of the outer peripheral surface . An anvil piece 32 integrally provided with a cam 33 is disposed so as to be swingable in the left-right direction, and the anvil piece 32 is engaged with the impact projection 24 by the force of a spring 34 having the bottom surface of the anvil piece 32 mounted on the anvil 31. It has a structure that is biased in the direction of neutral position.
[0003]
When the rotary hammer 21 rotates, the cam 33 slides on the cam sliding surface 22 of the rotary hammer 21 and tilts in the rotational direction of the rotary hammer 21, and the anvil piece 32 tilts so that it can engage with the striking projection 24. When the rotating hammer 21 rotates substantially once in this state, the cam 33 enters the cam passage groove 23 of the rotating hammer 21 and the impact projection 24 of the rotating hammer 21 collides with the side surface of the anvil piece 32 at the same time. The rotational force of the rotary hammer 21 is transmitted to the anvil 31 via the anvil piece 32, and bolts and nuts are tightened via the socket body attached to the end angular shaft portion of the anvil 31. is there.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional impact wrench as described above, the cam sliding surface 22 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 21 is provided on the same center as the rotational axis of the rotary hammer 21, so that the anvil In the state where the cam 33 provided integrally with the piece 32 is in sliding contact with the cam sliding surface 22, the inclination angle θ is always constant until it reaches the cam passage groove 23 of the rotary hammer 21, and therefore, Not only can the engagement width (engagement area) of the side surface of the anvil piece 32 with respect to the striking protrusion 24 of the rotary hammer 21 for transmitting the rotational force not only be increased, but also the cam 33 is a cam passage groove of the rotary hammer 21. The cam 33 is slidably in contact with the cam sliding surface 22 until it reaches 23 and the sliding contact with the cam sliding surface 22 is released and the anvil piece 32 is engaged with the striking protrusion 24. Therefore, the restoring force of the spring 34 acts and the anvil piece 32 Neutral posture is urged in the direction of the, therefore, durability is disadvantageously lowered occurs tends engagement width of the anvil piece 32 against the striking projection 24 is narrowed.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the engagement width of the anvil piece with respect to the striking projection of the rotary hammer, that is, the striking contact width is increased to increase the durability, thereby transmitting a stable rotational force. It provides an impact wrench that aims to make it possible.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an impact wrench according to the present invention is provided with a striking projection projecting toward the center on the inner peripheral surface, and a circular cam sliding surface and a cam on a part of the cam sliding surface. An anvil piece in which an anvil is rotatably provided on the same axis as the rotary hammer in a cylindrical rotary hammer provided with a passage groove, and a cam slidably contacting the cam sliding surface is integrally provided on the anvil. Is arranged so as to be swingable left and right, and the anvil piece held in an inclined state is made to collide with the opposite side surface of the striking projection via a cam that slides against the cam sliding surface by the rotation of the rotating hammer. In the impact wrench configured to transmit the impact rotational force to the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer, the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer is Above cam passage It has a structure obtained by forming an arc surface which gradually becomes shorter toward the.
[0007]
In order to gradually shorten the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating hammer as the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotating hammer approaches the cam passing groove, As described in item 2, the center of the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer is decentered in the direction opposite to the cam passage groove with respect to the rotation center of the rotary hammer. Further, as described in claim 3, the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer is divided by a straight line in the diametrical direction passing through the center of the cam passage groove. The left and right arc-shaped cam sliding surfaces may be formed so that the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer gradually decreases from the center of the arc length toward the cam passage groove. .
[0008]
[Action]
When the rotating hammer rotates, the cam slides against the cam sliding surface of the rotating hammer and tilts in the rotating direction of the rotating hammer, and the anvil piece also maintains the tilted state to be engageable with the striking protrusion. Since the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer is gradually shortened as the cam passage groove is approached, as the anvil piece approaches the cam passage groove due to the rotation of the rotary hammer, the cam The inclination angle of the anvil piece gradually increases, the inclination of the anvil piece also increases, and the engagement width of the rotating hammer of the anvil piece with the striking projection immediately after the cam leaves the cam sliding surface and enters the cam passage groove increases. .
[0009]
Further, as the cam approaches the cam passage groove, the cam and the anvil piece are pressed against the spring that biases the cam and the anvil piece in the neutral posture by the cam sliding surface that is curved in the direction of the rotation center. However, immediately after the cam is separated from the cam sliding surface due to the moment of inertia, it operates in a direction to increase the degree of inclination, and the engagement width with the striking protrusion of the rotary hammer is further increased. As the contact portion between the tip protrusion and the cam sliding surface approaches the cam passage groove, it gradually displaces from the tip of the cam to one side surface, preventing wear due to the contact portion concentrating on a part and improving durability. At the same time, a regular striking rotational force is generated while maintaining this engagement width, and stable screw tightening is possible.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of an impact wrench, and as is well known in the rear part of a casing 1 having a handle 1a at the rear end. An air motor 2 that is rotated by a compressed air supplied from the outside via an operation lever or a switching lever is provided, and a cylindrical rotary hammer 3 is provided in the front portion of the casing 1 on the front side of the air motor 2. The central portion of the disc-shaped rear wall 3a of the rotary hammer 3 is spline fitted to the front end of the rotor shaft of the air motor 2 so as to rotate integrally with the air motor 2. On the other hand, at the front end of the casing 1, an anvil 4 whose rotational axis is aligned with the same rotational axis as the rotary hammer 3 is rotatably supported, and the tip of the anvil 4 protruding from the front end of the casing 1 is provided. The anvil 4 is disposed in the rotary hammer 3 in the casing 1 and formed in the mounting angle shaft portion 4a of a screw fitting socket body (not shown) such as a bolt or a nut.
[0011]
The rotary hammer 3 is other than the point that the circular sliding surface 7 with respect to the cam 6 integrally attached to the front end of the anvil piece 5 to be described later is decentered with respect to the rotational axis (center) of the rotary hammer 3. Has the same structure as the rotary hammer 3 widely known in the art. That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a part of the circular cam sliding surface 7 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the rotary hammer 3 (the upper portion in the figure) has a certain arc length. A cam passage groove 8 having a depth that allows the cam 6 to pass in a neutral posture is formed by expanding in the outer diameter direction, and the cam sliding surface 7 is spaced from the rotation axis O of the rotary hammer 3 by a small distance y. It is formed in a circular surface drawn around a point O 1 that is eccentric downward (in the direction opposite to the cam passage groove 8). Accordingly, the distance between the cam sliding surface 7 and the rotation axis O of the rotary hammer 3 is formed so as to gradually decrease as the cam passing groove 8 is approached, and the cam sliding surface 7 faces the cam passing groove 8. The arc-shaped surface is gradually inclined inward as shown in FIG.
[0012]
Further, on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 3, a mountain-shaped striking projection 9 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the rotary hammer 3 at the rear part at the center position of the arc length of the cam passage groove 8. Both side surfaces of the striking projection 9 are made continuous with the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 3 via concave arc-shaped grooves 9a and 9b. Further, the middle portion in the length direction of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 3 is formed over the concave arcuate groove portion 9a as shown in FIG. 3, a circumferential groove 10 having a deep uniform width than 9b the entire circumference ing. The circumferential groove 10 has a circular arc portion that is diametrically opposed to the striking projection 9 and is formed on a protruding curved surface 10a that is continuous with the inner circumferential surface of the rotary hammer 3 and the other portion is a circular circumferential groove 10. Is formed.
[0013]
On the other hand, an anvil piece 5 in which a cam 6 is integrally attached to the front end portion of the anvil 4 rotatably provided on the same axis as the rotary hammer 3 in the rotary hammer 3 is swingable in the horizontal direction. It is arranged. The shape of the anvil piece 5 and the cam 6 is the same as that of a normal impact wrench. Briefly, the anvil piece 5 has a semicircular support groove 11 formed in the anvil 4 in the longitudinal direction. The lower peripheral surface of the semicircular shape is placed so as to be swingable in the left-right direction, and both side surfaces exposed from the support groove 11 by the swing are colliding engagement surfaces 5a, 5b with the striking protrusion 9 of the rotary hammer 3. Is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a horizontal shaft 12 having a vertically long oval cross section is projected from the front end surface of the anvil piece 5 and the horizontal shaft 12 is inserted into a hole provided in the center of the cam 6. The cam 6 is integrally attached.
[0014]
Further, the rear end surface of the anvil piece 5 is supported by a short shaft 14 projecting from the upper front end surface of the holding ring 13 fixed to the rear end of the anvil 4 so as to be able to swing left and right. The central portion of the peripheral surface is formed as a flat surface by a certain width. The cam 6 is formed so that its lower peripheral surface is slightly larger in diameter than the lower peripheral surface of the anvil piece 5 and is inserted in a large-diameter groove portion at the front end portion of the support groove 11 provided in the anvil 4 so as to be able to swing left and right. The upper part of the lower peripheral surface is formed as a mountain-shaped protrusion 6a protruding upward from both ends of the lower peripheral surface, and the protrusion 6a protrudes from the support groove 11 toward the cam sliding surface 7 of the rotary hammer 3. I am letting. The distance from the center of rotation of the anvil 4 to the tip of the protrusion 6a of the cam 6 is made slightly longer than the radius of the cam sliding surface 7 of the rotary hammer 3, so that the protrusion 6a of the cam 6 is camped. In the state of sliding contact with the sliding surface 7, the cam 6 is inclined with the anvil piece 5 in the rotation direction of the rotary hammer 3, and when entering the cam passage groove 8, the cam 6 is neutral with the anvil piece 5, that is, the protrusion. The portion 6a is configured to face the diameter direction of the rotary hammer 3.
[0015]
As a means for maintaining such a neutral posture, as is well known, a through hole 15 is provided in the central portion of the anvil 4 in the longitudinal direction from the support groove 11 in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower portions of the through hole 15 are provided. The anvil piece pressing member 16 and the spring receiving member 17 are slidably housed inside, and the spring 18 is press-fitted between the opposing surfaces of the anvil piece pressing member 16 and the spring receiving member 17, and the spring receiving member 17 The leg piece 19 projecting from the lower end of the anvil piece is brought into sliding contact with the circumferential groove 10 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 3 while the upper surface of the anvil piece pressing member 16 presses the arcuate lower surface of the anvil piece 5. The anvil piece 5 is biased so as to be in a neutral posture. In addition, as a means for urging the anvil piece 5 to the neutral posture, a means using fluid pressure may be adopted in addition to the means using the spring.
[0016]
The operation of the impact wrench in the embodiment configured as described above will be described . When the rotary hammer 3 is rotated clockwise as shown in FIG. 2 by operating the air motor 2, the cam 6 is moved when the rotary hammer 3 is started. When the neutral position is maintained in the cam passage groove 8 of the rotary hammer 3, one end of the cam passage groove 8 of the rotary hammer 3 (see FIG. The left end of the cam 6 is brought into contact with the anvil piece 5 to rotate and tilt in the same direction, and one side (left side) of the projection 6a is brought into sliding contact with the cam sliding surface 7. It becomes a state.
[0017]
At this time, as the cam sliding surface 7 approaches the cam passage groove 8, the inner peripheral surface thereof gradually becomes an arc surface inclined in the direction of the rotation center, so that the cam sliding surface 7 and the rotation center of the rotary hammer 3 are positioned. the distance is gradually shortened form, between the rotating hammer 3 is substantially one revolution, so that the cam 6 is shown in FIG. 6, the cam sliding surface 7 which faces the central portion of the cam passage grooves 8 in the diametrical direction , That is, as it passes through the position farthest from the striking projection 9 and approaches the other end of the cam passage groove 8, the sliding contact portion of the projection 6a with respect to the cam sliding surface 7 becomes the tip side of the projection 6a. The inclination angle of the cam 6 gradually increases from θ to α as shown in FIGS.
[0018]
This due to the increase of the inclination angle of the cam 6 to increase the inclination angle from similar neutral posture anvil piece 5 integral with the cam 6 in the same direction, the cam passage groove 8 of the rotary hammer 3 as shown in FIG. 7, 8 The circumferential width of one side surface of the anvil piece 5 exposed from the support groove 11 of the anvil 4 when the projection 6a of the cam 6 reaches the other end of the cam 6, that is, the impact contact with the impact projection 9 of the collision engagement surface 5a The width is close to the maximum.
[0019]
Further, when the cam 6 is in sliding contact with the cam sliding surface 7 of the rotary hammer 3 and tilted as described above, the anvil piece pressing member 16 is subjected to the force of the spring 18 by the tilt of the anvil piece 5 integral with the cam 6. The anvil piece 5 integral with the cam 6 is further pushed by the cam sliding surface 7 which is inclined downward toward the center of rotation as the cam 6 approaches the cam passage groove 8. The turning force is forcibly applied in the direction of increasing the inclination angle, and the inclination degree increases immediately after the anvil piece 5 at this time overcomes the pressing force of the spring 18 and the cam 6 is separated from the cam sliding surface 7. The striking contact width (engagement width) between the striking projection 9 of the rotary hammer 3 and the collision engaging surface 5a of the anvil piece 5 is further increased by operating in the direction to be caused to move. The collision engagement surface 5a Colliding with and hitting the striking projection 9 of the hammer 3, the rotational force of the rotary hammer 3 is transmitted to the anvil 4 via the anvil piece 5 , and the bolt is attached via the socket body attached to the tip angular shaft portion of the anvil 4. -Screws such as nuts are rotated in the tightening direction. When the anvil piece 5 and the striking projection 9 are engaged, the leg piece 19 of the spring receiving member 17 is in sliding contact with the projecting curved surface 10a of the peripheral groove 10, and the spring 18 has a large elasticity. It has become.
[0020]
The engaging action between the impact projection 9 of the rotary hammer 3 and the anvil piece 5 by the rotation of the air motor 2 is performed in an instant, and the screw is rotated while holding the engaged state, and the screw is seated on the mounting surface. When the resistance on the anvil 4 side increases, the anvil 4 approaches a stop while gradually decreasing its rotational speed. Thus, the centrifugal force acting on the anvil piece 5 is decreased, the centrifugal force disappears when Sprint grayed 18 the anvil piece 5 is biased in a direction in which the neutral posture static friction between the striking projection 9 and the anvil piece 5 Overcoming the force, the anvil piece 5 rotates counterclockwise and disengages from the striking projection 9 to a neutral position, and the rotating hammer 3 is rotated while passing the projection 6a of the cam 6 through the cam passage groove 8. Free run in the direction.
[0021]
At this time, after the projection 6 a of the cam 6 passes through the cam passage groove 8, the projection 6 a again abuts against one end of the cam passage groove 8 and tilts to contact the cam sliding surface 7 of the rotary hammer 3. As described above, while sliding in an inclined state and approaching the other end of the cam passage groove 8, the inclination angle of the anvil piece 5 is increased while entering the cam passage groove 8 to the impact projection 9 of the rotary hammer 3. anvil piece 5 shocking engage its by an impact force immediately rebounds After imparting rotational torque to the anvil 4 returns to the neutral posture, the anvil piece 5 and the striking projection again one rotation through the cam passage groove 8 9 is shockedly engaged, and by repeating this impact hitting, the screw is firmly tightened.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, the circular cam sliding surface 7 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer 3 is set so that the distance between the cam sliding surface 7 and the rotation center of the rotary hammer 3 is the above-mentioned cam passage. As a method of forming a circular arc surface that gradually shortens as the groove 8 is approached, the center of the circular cam sliding surface 7 is decentered downward from the rotational axis O of the rotary hammer 3 to face the cam passage groove 8 in the diametrical direction. portion is farthest from the rotational axis O of the rotary hammer 3, the left and right so that the distance between the rotational axis O of the rotary hammer 3 as approaching from the portion at both side ends of the cam passage groove 8 becomes gradually shorter In short, the distance from the rotational axis O of the rotary hammer 3 is gradually shortened as the length of the circular arc portion is appropriately approached from both side ends of the cam passage groove 8 from both side ends of the cam passage groove 8. Even if it is formed on the arcuate surface Advantages can be attained.
[0023]
For example, as shown in FIG. 9, such arc-shaped surfaces are formed on the left and right arc surfaces 8 a and 8 b from the rotation axis O of the rotary hammer 3 on the left and right sides when the cam passage groove 8 is on the upper side. Centered on points O 1 and O 2 that are eccentric to the lower side, it is formed on the arc surface when a circle is drawn with the radius between the left and right ends of the cam passage groove 8 from each point O 1 and O 2. Also good.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the impact wrench of the present invention, the impact protrusion that protrudes toward the central direction is provided on the inner peripheral surface, and the circular cam sliding surface and a part of the cam sliding surface pass through the cam. An anvil is provided in a cylindrical rotary hammer provided with a groove so as to be rotatable on the same axis as the rotary hammer, and an anvil piece integrally provided with a cam slidably contacting the cam sliding surface is provided on the anvil. The anvil is arranged so as to be swingable to the left and right, and the side of the anvil piece held in an inclined state via the cam slidingly contacting the sliding surface of the cam by the rotation of the rotary hammer is made to collide with the opposite side of the impact projection. In the impact wrench configured to transmit the striking rotational force, the circular cam slide surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer is set such that the distance between the cam slide surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer is the above. Close to cam passage groove As the anvil piece approaches the cam passage groove due to the rotation of the rotary hammer, the inclination angle can be gradually increased so that the cam is separated from the cam sliding surface. It is possible to increase the engagement width of the anvil piece with the striking protrusion of the rotary hammer immediately after entering the cam passage groove and reliably transmit the striking rotational force from the rotary hammer to the anvil.
[0025]
Further, the cam is pressed against the spring which urges in a direction in which the neutral position of the cam and the anvil piece by a cam sliding surface curved in the rotation center direction toward the cam passage groove, cam Immediately after leaving the cam sliding surface, the anvil piece can be operated in a direction to increase the degree of inclination to further increase the engagement width with the striking protrusion of the rotary hammer, and in addition, the tip of the cam As the contact portion between the protrusion and the cam sliding surface approaches the cam passage groove, the tip is gradually displaced from the tip of the cam to one side, and wear due to the contact portion concentrating on a part is prevented, and durability is improved. At the same time, a regular striking rotational force is generated while maintaining the engagement width, and the screw can be stably tightened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical side view of an impact wrench.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view taken along the line AA.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view taken along line BB.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a rotating hammer and an anvil.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view of a rotary hammer in which the center of a cam sliding surface is eccentric.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal front view when the cam is at a position farthest from the cam passage groove of the rotary hammer.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal front view of a state where the cam is closest to the cam passage groove of the rotary hammer.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal front view showing an inclined state of the anvil piece at that time.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing another embodiment of the rotary hammer in which the center of the cam sliding surface is eccentric .
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal front view of a hit transmission mechanism using a conventional rotary hammer and anvil.
FIG. 11 is a longitudinal front view of the anvil piece portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Air motor 3 Rotating hammer 4 Anvil 5 Anvil piece 6 Cam 7 Cam sliding surface 8 Cam passage groove 9 Impact protrusion O Rotation hammer core
O 1 Center of cam sliding surface

Claims (3)

内周面に中心方向に向けて突出した打撃突起を設けていると共に円形状のカム摺動面と該カム摺動面の一部にカム通過溝を設けてなる円筒形状の回転ハンマ内にアンビルを該回転ハンマと同一軸芯上に回転自在に設け、このアンビル上に上記カム摺動面に摺接するカムを一体的に設けたアンビル片を左右揺動自在に配設し、上記回転ハンマの回転によってカム摺動面に摺接するカムを介して傾き状態に保持されたアンビル片の側面を上記打撃突起の対向側面に衝突させることによりアンビルに打撃回転力を伝達するように構成したインパクトレンチにおいて、上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面を、該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が上記カム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くなる円弧面に形成していることを特徴とするインパクトレンチ。  An anvil is formed in a cylindrical rotary hammer having a hitting projection protruding toward the center on the inner peripheral surface, and a circular cam sliding surface and a cam passage groove in a part of the cam sliding surface. On the same axis as the rotary hammer, and an anvil piece integrally provided with a cam slidingly contacting the cam sliding surface is disposed on the anvil so as to freely swing left and right. In an impact wrench configured to transmit the striking rotational force to the anvil by colliding the side surface of the anvil piece held in an inclined state via the cam slidingly contacting the cam sliding surface by rotation with the opposite side surface of the striking protrusion. The circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer is changed to an arc surface that gradually decreases as the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer approaches the cam passage groove. Forming Impact wrench, wherein the door. 上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面の中心を回転ハンマの回転中心に対して上記カム通過溝とは反対側に偏心させることにより、該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離がカム通過溝に近づくに従って徐々に短くなるように形成していることを特徴とする請求項1記載のインパクトレンチ。  By rotating the center of the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer to the opposite side of the cam passage groove with respect to the rotational center of the rotary hammer, the cam slide surface rotates. 2. The impact wrench according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the rotation centers of the hammers is formed so as to be gradually shortened as approaching the cam passage groove. 上記回転ハンマの内周面に設けている円形状のカム摺動面において、上記カム通過溝の中央を通る直径方向の直線によって分割される左右の円弧状カム摺動面をその円弧長の中央部からカム通過溝に向かって該カム摺動面と回転ハンマの回転中心間の距離が徐々に短くなるように形成していることを特徴とする請求項1記載のインパクトレンチ。  In the circular cam sliding surface provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary hammer, the left and right arc-shaped cam sliding surfaces divided by a straight line in the diameter direction passing through the center of the cam passage groove are the center of the arc length. 2. The impact wrench according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the cam sliding surface and the rotation center of the rotary hammer is gradually shortened from the portion toward the cam passage groove.
JP06741597A 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 Impact wrench Expired - Fee Related JP3898266B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP06741597A JP3898266B2 (en) 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 Impact wrench

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP06741597A JP3898266B2 (en) 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 Impact wrench

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10244472A JPH10244472A (en) 1998-09-14
JP3898266B2 true JP3898266B2 (en) 2007-03-28

Family

ID=13344267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP06741597A Expired - Fee Related JP3898266B2 (en) 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 Impact wrench

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3898266B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4008865B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2007-11-14 株式会社東洋空機製作所 Fastener
US20060266537A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Osamu Izumisawa Rotary impact tool having a ski-jump clutch mechanism

Also Published As

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JPH10244472A (en) 1998-09-14

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