JP3889149B2 - Leaf vegetable harvesting equipment - Google Patents

Leaf vegetable harvesting equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3889149B2
JP3889149B2 JP08106398A JP8106398A JP3889149B2 JP 3889149 B2 JP3889149 B2 JP 3889149B2 JP 08106398 A JP08106398 A JP 08106398A JP 8106398 A JP8106398 A JP 8106398A JP 3889149 B2 JP3889149 B2 JP 3889149B2
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Japan
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leaf
vegetables
cutting
leaf vegetables
immature
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JPH11275929A (en
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幹雄 金光
智彦 太田
健司 山本
秀夫 貝沼
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National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、植栽状態の葉菜類を左右一対の挟持ベルトで挟持して根茎部を切断し、葉菜類を搬送収容する際に、葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定し、適熟な葉菜類のみを切断して収穫するようにした葉菜類収穫装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来周知の植栽状態の葉菜類を左右一対の挟持ベルトで挟持して根茎部を切断し、葉菜類を搬送収容する葉菜類収穫装置においては、圃場に植栽されている作物を一斉に収穫する形式のものがほとんどであった。
【0003】
一方、植栽状態の葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判別して収穫する収穫装置が、本願出願人、発明者らによって、特開平9−191747号公報において提案されている。この収穫装置においては、葉菜類一個一個に対して左右一対の挟持ベルトを開閉作動させ、閉じたときの葉菜類の大きさと、その時の挟持力を検出して、未熟か適熟かを判別する構成であった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のように、葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判別するのに左右一対の挟持ベルトを開閉作動させるのでは、判別に時間がかかり、収穫作業能率が低下する、という問題点があった。特に、葉菜類の未熟か適熟かを判別し、続いて適熟の根茎部を切断すると共に、切断された葉菜類を機体後方へ搬送して収容しようとする場合には、未熟か適熟か判別を迅速に行う必要があった。
本発明は、上記の問題点を解決することを目的になされたものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、植栽状態の葉菜類を左右一対の挟持ベルトで挟持して根茎部を切断し、葉菜類を搬送収容する収穫装置において、上記挟持ベルトに少なくとも内側にテンションをかけるテンションプーリを設け、上記挟持ベルトで葉菜類を挟持した時の該テンションプーリの移動から葉菜類の大きさを検出する検出手段と、その検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定する判定手段と、上記判定手段が適熟と判定した場合には、畝に対して直角方向に移動し、上記判定手段が未熟と判定した場合には、畝溝方向に対して平行な位置に移動することにより、連続走行しながら未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみの根菜部を切断する切断手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
【0006】
また、上記特徴に加えて、上記挟持ベルトの後方に設けられ、上記判定手段が適熟と判定した場合には、切断された葉菜類の作用位置に先端部を移動し、上記判定手段が未熟と判定した場合には、未切断の葉菜類に対して先端部を開いて非作用位置に移動することで、切断した葉菜類を機体の後上方に向けて搬送する搬送用挟持ベルトを設けたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【作用】
上記の構成により本発明の葉菜類収穫装置は、以下の作用を行う。
【0010】
▲1▼.挟持ベルトで任意の力で葉菜類を挟持して、その時のベルト間隔から葉菜類の大きさを検出し、葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定することにより、葉菜類の未熟か適熟かを短時間で、迅速に判定することができ、適熟の葉菜類のみを能率よく選択収穫することが可能になる。
【0011】
▲2▼.挟持ベルトで任意の力で葉菜類を挟持して、その時のベルト間隔から葉菜類の大きさを検出する検出手段と、その検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定する判定手段と、未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみを切断する切断手段と、切断した葉菜類を搬送する搬送手段とを備えることで、検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定し、未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみ根茎部を切断して、切断した葉菜類を搬送して収容する連続作業が、能率的に行える。
【0012】
▲3▼.切断手段を、切断時には畝に対して直角方向に、非切断時には畝溝方向に対して平行な位置に移動することにより、連続走行しながら未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみの根茎部を切断するようにすることで、切断手段の切断動作に無駄がなく、迅速に作動して適熟な葉菜類のみの根茎部を切断する。また、切断手段を切断時の状態に固定しておくことで、連続的に収穫する一斉収穫を可能にする。
【0013】
▲4▼.判定手段の判定結果から、切断した葉菜類に対しては搬送用挟持ベルト先端部を作用位置に移動して、切断した葉菜類を機体の後上方に向け搬送し、未切断の葉菜類に対しては搬送用挟持ベルト先端部を開いて非作用位置に移動するようにすることで、搬送用挟持ベルトは、切断した葉菜類のみを機体の後上方に向け搬送し、未切断の葉菜類は搬送しない。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態を、添付の図面を参照して具体的に説明する。
【0015】
図3及び図4において、符号1は本発明による機構を備えた葉菜類収穫機で、この実施例では圃場Fの畝Nに植栽されている葉菜類のレタスAを収穫するのに用いられる。葉菜類収穫機1は左右一対のクローラ2,2を備え、機体前部に、図1(a),(b)に詳細に示すように、左右一対の検出用挟持ベルト3,3で任意の力で葉菜類Aを挟持して、その時のベルト3,3の間隔から葉菜類Aの大きさを検出する検出手段としてのポテンショメータ4と、そのポテンショメータ4の検出値から葉菜類Aが未熟か適熟かを判定する判定手段としてのプログラマブルコントローラ(図示せず)と、未熟な葉菜類Aは圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類Aのみを切断する切断刃5からなる切断手段とを設けている。
【0016】
検出用挟持ベルト3は、前後方向に配置された支持フレーム3aの前・後端部に軸支されているプーリ3b,3bに対し無端状に巻回され、この検出用挟持ベルト3に対し内側にテンションをかける内側テンションプーリ3cと、外側にテンションをかける外側テンションプーリ3dとにより緊張され、常時はテンションプーリ3c側が強く働いていて、検出用挟持ベルト3,3の間隔が最小の葉菜類Aの大きさより狭くなっている。内側テンションプーリ3cの回動基部には、上記ポテンショメータ4が取付けられている。そして、機体の進行により検出用挟持ベルト3,3が葉菜類Aの両側を通過するとき、葉菜類Aの大きさが適熟であるか未熟であるかがポテンショメータ4により検出され、プログラマブルコントローラにより判定される。
【0017】
切断刃5(切断手段)は、ナイフ状の刃体からなり、その基端部が回転軸5aにより水平方向に回転可能に支持され、検出用挟持ベルト3,3により挟持された葉菜類Aの大きさがポテンショメータ4の検出結果から適熟と判定されたレタスAの根茎部を切断する切断位置と、レタスAの畝列から後退する非切断位置とに回動可能である。回転軸5aにはロータリアクチュエータ5bが取付けられており、切断刃5は、切断時には畝Nに対して直角方向に、非切断時には畝溝方向に対して平行な位置に移動することにより、機体を連続走行させながら未熟なレタスAは圃場に残し、適熟なレタスAのみの根茎部を切断する。
【0018】
即ち、検出用挟持ベルト3,3により挟持されたレタスAがポテンショメータ4により適熟と検出された時は、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令によりロータリアクチュエータ5bを作動させて切断刃5を切断位置に移動させ、葉菜類Aが未熟と判定された時は切断刃5を非切断位置に移動させる。これら検出用挟持ベルト3,3、ポテンショメータ4、切断刃5等は、リンク機構6により機体に対して上下移動可能に支持されている。
【0019】
検出用挟持ベルト3,3の後方には、切断刃5により切断されて検出用挟持ベルト3,3から後方に排出されるレタスAを受けて、これを挟持して後方斜め上方に向け搬送する左右一対の搬送用挟持ベルト7,7からなる搬送手段を設けている。
【0020】
この搬送用挟持ベルト7,7は、図2(a),(b)に示すように、前後方向に配置された支持フレーム7aの前・後端部に軸支されている前部プーリ7b、回動軸を兼ねる後部プーリ7cに対し無端状に巻回されている。支持フレーム7a、7a間には、引張バネ7dを介装すると共に、この引張バネ7dの引張力に抗して搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の前側の間隔を、上記プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により葉菜類Aの大きさより大きく開いて非作用状態に、また、フリー状態にして引張バネ7dの弾発力により狭くして作用状態にする搬送ベルト回動シリンダ7eを設けている。
【0021】
そして、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により切断刃5によって切断され、検出用挟持ベルト3,3から後方に排出されたレタスAは、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により搬送ベルト回動シリンダ7eによって搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の先端部を作用位置に移動して、レタスAを受けて機体の後上方に向け搬送し、未切断のレタスAに対しては、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により搬送ベルト回動シリンダ7eによって搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の先端部を開いて非作用位置に移動し、レタスAを搬送しない。
【0022】
搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の後方には、搬送用挟持ベルト7,7により搬送されて排出されるレタスAを受けて、これを挟持してさらに後方斜め上方に向け搬送する搬送コンベヤ8を設けている。この搬送コンベヤ8は、左右一対の挟持搬送ベルト8a,8aと、この挟持搬送ベルト8a,8aの下側に配設された下部搬送ベルト8bとで構成されている。挟持搬送ベルト8aは、前後方向に配置された支持フレーム8cの前・後端部に軸支されているプーリ8d,8dに対し無端状に巻回され、この挟持搬送ベルト8aに対し内側にテンションをかける2個の内側テンションプーリ8eと、外側にテンションをかける1個の外側テンションプーリ8fとにより緊張されている。
【0023】
上記搬送用挟持ベルト7,7及び搬送コンベヤ8は、検出用挟持ベルト3,3、ポテンショメータ4、切断刃5等がリンク機構6により上下移動した時、これと連動して上下回動するよう機体に対して回動軸9を介して軸支されている。搬送コンベヤ8の挟持搬送ベルト8a,8a及び下部搬送ベルト8bの終端部下方には、搬送コンベヤ8及び下部搬送ベルト8bにより搬送されてきたレタスAを収容する荷台10が設けられている。
【0024】
次に、上記構成の葉菜類収穫機1の動作について説明する。
【0025】
葉菜類収穫機1を圃場Fの畝Nに植栽されているレタスAの畝列に検出用挟持ベルト3,3を対向させて導入し、各部を駆動させると共に、機体を前進走行させる。すると、畝列の各レタスAは、検出用挟持ベルト3,3により任意の力で挟持され、その時のベルト3,3の間隔、即ち、ポテンショメータ4の回転角からレタスAの大きさが検出され、その回転角(検出値)が所定角以下ならばレタスAが未熟、所定角以上ならばレタスAが適熟と判定される。そして、レタスAが適熟の場合は、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令によりロータリアクチュエータ5bを作動させて切断刃5を切断位置に移動させ根茎部を切断し、レタスAが未熟と判定された時は切断刃5を非切断位置に移動させて圃場に残す。
【0026】
切断刃5によって切断され、検出用挟持ベルト3,3から後方に排出されたレタスAは、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により搬送ベルト回動シリンダ7eによって搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の先端部が作用位置に移動していて受け継いで機体の後上方に向け搬送され、未切断の葉菜類Aに対しては、プログラマブルコントローラからの指令により搬送ベルト回動シリンダ7eによって搬送用挟持ベルト7,7の先端部が開いて非作用位置に移動され、レタスAは搬送されない。搬送用挟持ベルト7,7により搬送されたレタスAは、挟持搬送ベルト8a,8aに引き継がれてさらに後方斜め上方に向け搬送されて排出され、下部搬送ベルト8bを介して荷台10に収容される。
【0027】
なお、本発明による葉菜類収穫機1は、レタスAのみならず、他の葉菜類の収穫機としても広く適用できるものである。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の葉菜類収穫装置によれば、以下の効果を奏することができる。
【0029】
▲1▼.挟持ベルトで任意の力で葉菜類を挟持して、その時のベルト間隔から葉菜類の大きさを検出し、葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定するので、挟持ベルトを開閉作動させることなく任意の力で葉菜類を挟持して、その時の大きさから葉菜類の未熟か適熟かを短時間で、迅速に判定することができ、適熟の葉菜類のみを能率よく選択収穫することができる。
【0030】
▲2▼.挟持ベルトで任意の力で葉菜類を挟持して、その時のベルト間隔から葉菜類の大きさを検出する検出手段と、その検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定する判定手段と、未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみを切断する切断手段と、切断した葉菜類を搬送する搬送手段とからなるので、検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定し、未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみ根茎部を切断して、切断した葉菜類を搬送して収容する連続作業を能率的に行うことができる。
【0031】
▲3▼.切断手段を、切断時には畝に対して直角方向に、非切断時には畝溝方向に対して平行な位置に移動することにより、連続走行しながら未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみの根茎部を切断するようにしたので、切断手段の切断動作に無駄がなく、迅速に作動して適熟な葉菜類のみの根茎部を切断することができる。また、切断手段を切断時の状態に固定しておくことにより、連続的に収穫する一斉収穫も可能となる。
【0032】
▲4▼.判定手段の判定結果から、切断した葉菜類に対しては搬送用挟持ベルト先端部を作用位置に移動して、切断した葉菜類を機体の後上方に向け搬送し、未切断の葉菜類に対しては搬送用挟持ベルト先端部を開いて非作用位置に移動するようにしたので、搬送用挟持ベルトは、切断した葉菜類のみを機体の後上方に向け搬送し、未切断の葉菜類を搬送することはない。また、搬送用挟持ベルトの先端で葉菜類を挟持できるため、搬送用挟持ベルトの先端を開閉回動させない方式に比べ、地面に近く低い位置で葉菜類を適度な力で挟持することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】検出用挟持ベルト及び切断装置の平面図(a)、及び側面図(b)である。
【図2】搬送用挟持ベルトの平面図(a)、及び側面図(b)である。
【図3】本発明による葉菜類収穫機全体の概略平面図である。
【図4】同概略側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 葉菜類収穫機
2 クローラ
3 葉菜類の大きさ検出用挟持ベルト 3a 支持フレーム 3b プーリ
3c 内側にテンションをかけるテンションプーリ 3d 外側にテンションをかけるテンションプーリ
4 ポテンショメータ(検出手段)
5 切断刃(切断手段) 5a 回転軸 5b ロータリアクチュエータ
6 リンク機構
7 搬送用挟持ベルト 7a 支持フレーム 7b 前部プーリ 7c 回動軸を兼ねる後部プーリ 7d 引張バネ 7e 搬送ベルト回動シリンダ
8 搬送コンベヤ 8a 挟持搬送ベルト 8b 下部搬送ベルト 8c 支持フレーム 8d プーリ 8e 内側テンションプーリ 8f 外側テンションプーリ
9 回動軸
10 荷台
A レタス(葉菜類)
F 圃場
N 畝
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when planted leaf vegetables are sandwiched between a pair of right and left clamping belts, the rhizome is cut, and when leaf vegetables are transported and stored, it is determined whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable, and only suitable mature vegetables are used. The present invention relates to a leaf vegetable harvesting apparatus which is cut and harvested.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a leaf vegetable harvesting device that grips leaf vegetables in a well-known planting state with a pair of right and left clamping belts, cuts the rhizome part, and transports and stores leaf vegetables, the crops that are planted in the field are harvested all at once. Most of the things.
[0003]
On the other hand, a harvesting device for discriminating whether a planted leaf vegetable is immature or suitable is harvested in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-191747 by the present applicant and the inventors. In this harvesting device, a pair of left and right clamping belts are opened and closed for each leaf vegetable, and the size of the leaf vegetable when closed and the clamping force at that time are detected to determine whether it is immature or suitable. there were.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when the pair of left and right clamping belts are opened and closed to determine whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable, there is a problem that it takes time to determine and the harvesting work efficiency is reduced. In particular, when determining whether the leafy vegetables are immature or appropriate, and then cutting the appropriate rhizome part, and transporting the cut leafy vegetables to the rear of the aircraft to determine whether they are immature or appropriate Needed to be done quickly.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To accomplish the above object, the rhizome part was cut to hold the leaf vegetables planting state left and right pair of holding belts, the harvesting apparatus for transporting accommodate leaf vegetables, tension to at least inside the clamping belt A tension pulley is provided to detect the size of the leaf vegetable from the movement of the tension pulley when the leaf vegetable is clamped by the clamping belt, and it is determined whether the leaf vegetable is immature or suitable from the detection value. When the determination means and the determination means determine that they are mature, they move in a direction perpendicular to the ridge, and when the determination means determines that they are immature, move to a position parallel to the ridge groove direction. Thus, it is characterized by comprising cutting means for leaving immature leaf vegetables in the field while continuously running, and cutting the root vegetable part of only suitable ripe leaf vegetables.
[0006]
In addition to the above features, when the determination means is provided at the rear of the clamping belt and the determination means determines that the maturity is appropriate, the tip is moved to the action position of the cut leafy vegetables, and the determination means is immature. In the case of determination, a conveying pinching belt is provided that conveys the cut leaf vegetables toward the rear upper side of the machine body by opening the tip of the uncut leaf vegetables and moving to a non-operation position. And
[0009]
[Action]
With the above configuration, the leaf vegetable harvesting apparatus of the present invention performs the following actions.
[0010]
(1). By sandwiching the leaf vegetables with an arbitrary force with the clamping belt, detecting the size of the leaf vegetables from the belt interval at that time, and determining whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable, it is possible to quickly determine whether the leaf vegetables are immature or appropriate. Therefore, it is possible to make a quick determination, and it becomes possible to efficiently select and harvest only suitable ripe leaf vegetables.
[0011]
(2). A detecting means for sandwiching leaf vegetables with an arbitrary force with a sandwiching belt, detecting the size of the leaf vegetables from the belt interval at that time, and a determining means for determining whether the leaf vegetables are immature or appropriate from the detection value of the detecting means, Leave the immature leaf vegetables in the field, and determine whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable from the detection value of the detection means by providing a cutting means for cutting only the appropriate leaf vegetables and a transport means for transporting the cut leaf vegetables. The immature leaf vegetables are left in the field, and only a suitable leaf vegetable is cut at the rhizome, and the continuous operation of transporting and storing the cut leaf vegetables can be efficiently performed.
[0012]
(3). The cutting means is moved in a direction perpendicular to the ridge when cutting and parallel to the ridge direction when not cutting, so that immature leaf vegetables remain in the field while continuously running, and only suitable mature leaf vegetables are left. By cutting the rhizome part, there is no waste in the cutting operation of the cutting means, and it operates quickly and cuts the rhizome part of only suitable mature vegetables. Further, by fixing the cutting means to the state at the time of cutting, simultaneous harvesting for continuous harvesting is possible.
[0013]
(4). From the judgment result of the judging means, the cutting belt vegetable is moved to the working position for the cut leafy vegetables, and the cut leafy vegetables are conveyed to the rear upper side of the machine, and are conveyed for the uncut leafy vegetables. By opening the front end portion of the clamping belt and moving it to the non-operating position, the conveying clamping belt conveys only the cut leaf vegetables toward the rear upper side of the machine body and does not convey the uncut leaf vegetables.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0015]
3 and 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a leaf vegetable harvester equipped with a mechanism according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the leaf vegetable harvester is used to harvest lettuce A of leaf vegetables planted in the basket N of the field F. The leaf vegetable harvesting machine 1 is provided with a pair of left and right crawlers 2 and 2, and as shown in detail in FIGS. The potentiometer 4 as a detection means for detecting the size of the leaf vegetable A from the interval between the belts 3 and 3 at that time, and the detection value of the potentiometer 4 determines whether the leaf vegetable A is immature or suitable There are provided a programmable controller (not shown) as determination means for performing the cutting and a cutting means including a cutting blade 5 that cuts only the mature leaf vegetables A while leaving the immature leaf vegetables A in the field.
[0016]
The detection sandwiching belt 3 is wound endlessly on pulleys 3b and 3b that are pivotally supported at the front and rear ends of the support frame 3a arranged in the front-rear direction. The tension pulley 3c that applies tension to the outer tension pulley 3d and the outer tension pulley 3d that applies tension to the outer side are always tensioned. It is narrower than the size. The potentiometer 4 is attached to the rotation base of the inner tension pulley 3c. Then, when the sandwiching belts 3 and 3 for detection pass through both sides of the leaf vegetable A as the machine moves, the potentiometer 4 detects whether the size of the leaf vegetable A is suitable or immature, and is determined by the programmable controller. The
[0017]
The cutting blade 5 (cutting means) comprises a knife-like blade body, the base end portion of which is supported so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction by the rotating shaft 5a, and is the size of the leaf vegetable A sandwiched by the detection sandwiching belts 3 and 3. It is possible to rotate between a cutting position for cutting the rhizome part of lettuce A determined to be appropriate from the detection result of the potentiometer 4 and a non-cutting position for retreating from the row of lettuce A. A rotary actuator 5b is attached to the rotary shaft 5a, and the cutting blade 5 moves in a direction perpendicular to the ridge N when cutting and parallel to the ridge direction when not cutting, thereby moving the machine body. The immature lettuce A is left in the field while being continuously run, and the rhizome part of only the appropriate ripe lettuce A is cut.
[0018]
In other words, when the lettuce A clamped by the detection clamping belts 3 and 3 is detected as suitable by the potentiometer 4, the rotary actuator 5b is actuated by a command from the programmable controller to move the cutting blade 5 to the cutting position. When the leaf vegetable A is determined to be immature, the cutting blade 5 is moved to the non-cutting position. The detection clamping belts 3 and 3, the potentiometer 4, the cutting blade 5 and the like are supported by the link mechanism 6 so as to be movable up and down with respect to the machine body.
[0019]
The lettuce A cut by the cutting blade 5 and discharged rearward from the detection sandwiching belts 3 and 3 is received behind the detection sandwiching belts 3 and 3, and is sandwiched and conveyed rearward and obliquely upward. Conveying means comprising a pair of left and right conveying sandwiching belts 7 is provided.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the conveying sandwiching belts 7 and 7 include front pulleys 7b that are pivotally supported at the front and rear end portions of the support frame 7a disposed in the front-rear direction. It is wound endlessly around the rear pulley 7c that also serves as a rotating shaft. A tension spring 7d is interposed between the support frames 7a and 7a, and the distance between the front sides of the conveyance sandwiching belts 7 and 7 against the tensile force of the tension spring 7d is determined by a command from the programmable controller. A conveyor belt rotation cylinder 7e is provided which is opened larger than the size of A and is in an inoperative state, and is in a free state and is narrowed by an elastic force of the tension spring 7d to be in an activated state.
[0021]
And lettuce A cut | disconnected by the cutting blade 5 by the command from a programmable controller, and was discharged | emitted back from the detection clamping belts 3 and 3 by the command from a programmable controller by the conveyance belt rotation cylinder 7e, the conveyance clamping belt 7 , 7 is moved to the working position, receives the lettuce A, and is conveyed toward the rear upper side of the machine body. For the uncut lettuce A, by a command from the programmable controller, the conveying belt rotating cylinder 7e The leading end portions of the conveying belts 7 and 7 are opened and moved to the non-operating position, and the lettuce A is not conveyed.
[0022]
Behind the conveying sandwiching belts 7 and 7 is provided a conveying conveyor 8 that receives the lettuce A that is conveyed and discharged by the conveying sandwiching belts 7, 7, holds this, and conveys it further obliquely upward in the rear direction. ing. The conveyor 8 is composed of a pair of left and right sandwiching conveyor belts 8a, 8a and a lower conveyor belt 8b disposed below the sandwiching conveyor belts 8a, 8a. The sandwiching and conveying belt 8a is wound endlessly around pulleys 8d and 8d that are pivotally supported at the front and rear ends of a support frame 8c that is arranged in the front-rear direction. Is tensioned by two inner tension pulleys 8e for applying tension and one outer tension pulley 8f for applying tension to the outside.
[0023]
The transporting belts 7 and 7 and the transporting conveyor 8 are such that when the detecting belts 3 and 3, the potentiometer 4, the cutting blade 5, and the like are moved up and down by the link mechanism 6, they are rotated up and down in conjunction with this. Is pivotally supported via a rotating shaft 9. A loading platform 10 for storing lettuce A transported by the transport conveyor 8 and the lower transport belt 8b is provided below the end portions of the sandwiching transport belts 8a and 8a and the lower transport belt 8b of the transport conveyor 8.
[0024]
Next, operation | movement of the leaf vegetable harvesting machine 1 of the said structure is demonstrated.
[0025]
The leaf vegetable harvesting machine 1 is introduced into the row of lettuce A planted in the row N of the field F with the detection sandwiching belts 3 and 3 facing each other to drive each part and advance the machine. Then, each lettuce A in the row is clamped with an arbitrary force by the detection clamping belts 3, 3, and the size of the lettuce A is detected from the distance between the belts 3, 3 at that time, that is, the rotation angle of the potentiometer 4. If the rotation angle (detected value) is equal to or less than a predetermined angle, lettuce A is determined to be immature, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined angle, lettuce A is determined to be appropriate. When lettuce A is mature, the rotary actuator 5b is actuated by a command from the programmable controller to move the cutting blade 5 to the cutting position to cut the rhizome, and when lettuce A is determined to be immature, the cutting is performed. The blade 5 is moved to the non-cutting position and left in the field.
[0026]
The lettuce A cut by the cutting blade 5 and discharged rearward from the detection sandwiching belts 3 and 3 is moved to the position where the leading ends of the transporting sandwiching belts 7 and 7 are operated by the transport belt rotating cylinder 7e in response to a command from the programmable controller. Is transferred to the rear and upper part of the machine body, and for the uncut leafy vegetables A, the front end portions of the conveying clamping belts 7 and 7 are moved by the conveying belt rotating cylinder 7e in response to a command from the programmable controller. Opened and moved to the non-acting position, lettuce A is not transported. The lettuce A transported by the transporting sandwiching belts 7 and 7 is taken over by the sandwiching and transporting belts 8a and 8a, transported further obliquely upward to the rear, discharged, and stored in the loading platform 10 via the lower transporting belt 8b. .
[0027]
The leaf vegetable harvester 1 according to the present invention can be widely applied not only to lettuce A but also to other leaf vegetables.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the leaf vegetable harvesting apparatus of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0029]
(1). The leaf vegetables are pinched with an arbitrary force by the holding belt, the size of the leaf vegetables is detected from the belt interval at that time, and it is determined whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable, so that the force can be applied without opening and closing the holding belt. By sandwiching leafy vegetables, it is possible to quickly determine in a short time whether the leafy vegetables are immature or suitable from the size at that time, and it is possible to efficiently select and harvest only suitablely mature leafy vegetables.
[0030]
(2). A detecting means for sandwiching leaf vegetables with an arbitrary force with a sandwiching belt, detecting the size of the leaf vegetables from the belt interval at that time, and a determining means for determining whether the leaf vegetables are immature or appropriate from the detection value of the detecting means, Since immature leaf vegetables are left in the field, it consists of a cutting means that cuts only suitable leaf vegetables and a conveying means that conveys the cut leaf vegetables, so it is determined from the detection value of the detection means whether the leaf vegetables are immature or suitable, The immature leaf vegetables can be left in the field, and the continuous operation of transporting and storing the cut leaf vegetables can be efficiently performed by cutting the rhizome part of only the appropriate leaf vegetables.
[0031]
(3). The cutting means is moved in a direction perpendicular to the ridge when cutting and parallel to the ridge direction when not cutting, so that immature leaf vegetables remain in the field while continuously running, and only suitable mature leaf vegetables are left. Since the rhizome is cut, there is no waste in the cutting operation of the cutting means, and the rhizome can be cut only by suitable action and leafy vegetables. Further, by fixing the cutting means in the state at the time of cutting, simultaneous harvesting that continuously harvests is also possible.
[0032]
(4). From the judgment result of the judging means, the cutting belt vegetable is moved to the working position for the cut leafy vegetables, and the cut leafy vegetables are conveyed to the rear upper side of the machine, and are conveyed for the uncut leafy vegetables. Since the leading end of the clamping belt is opened and moved to the non-operating position, the conveying clamping belt conveys only the cut leaf vegetables toward the rear upper side of the machine body and does not convey uncut leaf vegetables. Moreover, since leaf vegetables can be clamped with the front-end | tip of a conveyance clamping belt, compared with the system which does not rotate opening / closing rotation of the front-end | tip of a conveyance clamping belt, leaf vegetables can be clamped by moderate force at a position close | similar to the ground.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) and a side view (b) of a detection clamping belt and a cutting device.
FIG. 2 is a plan view (a) and a side view (b) of a conveyance clamping belt.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the entire leaf vegetable harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Leaf vegetable harvesting machine 2 Crawler 3 Nipping belt for leaf vegetable size detection 3a Support frame 3b Pulley 3c Tension pulley that applies tension to the inside 3d Tension pulley that applies tension to the outside 4 Potentiometer (detection means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Cutting blade (cutting means) 5a Rotating shaft 5b Rotary actuator 6 Link mechanism 7 Conveying clamping belt 7a Support frame 7b Front pulley 7c Rear pulley that also serves as a rotating shaft 7d Tension spring 7e Conveying belt rotating cylinder 8 Conveying conveyor 8a Conveying belt 8b Lower conveying belt 8c Support frame 8d Pulley 8e Inner tension pulley 8f Outer tension pulley 9 Rotating shaft 10 Loading platform A Lettuce (leaf vegetables)
F Field N

Claims (2)

植栽状態の葉菜類を左右一対の挟持ベルトで挟持して根茎部を切断し、葉菜類を搬送収容する収穫装置において、
上記挟持ベルトに少なくとも内側にテンションをかけるテンションプーリを設け、上記挟持ベルトで葉菜類を挟持した時の該テンションプーリの移動から葉菜類の大きさを検出する検出手段と、
その検出手段の検出値から葉菜類が未熟か適熟かを判定する判定手段と、
上記判定手段が適熟と判定した場合には、畝に対して直角方向に移動し、上記判定手段が未熟と判定した場合には、畝溝方向に対して平行な位置に移動することにより、連続走行しながら未熟な葉菜類は圃場に残し、適熟な葉菜類のみの根菜部を切断する切断手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする葉菜類収穫装置。
In a harvesting device that holds leafy vegetables in a planted state with a pair of right and left clamping belts, cuts the rhizome part, and conveys and stores leafy vegetables,
A tension pulley that applies tension at least to the inside of the clamping belt, and detecting means for detecting the size of the leaf vegetables from movement of the tension pulley when the leaf vegetables are clamped by the clamping belt;
Determination means for determining whether the leaf vegetables are immature or appropriate from the detection value of the detection means;
When the determination means is determined to be ripe, it moves in a direction perpendicular to the ridge, and when the determination means determines that it is immature, by moving to a position parallel to the ridge groove direction, Cutting means for cutting immature leaf vegetables while leaving them in the field while cutting continuously, and cutting the root vegetable portion of only suitable leaf vegetables;
A leaf vegetable harvesting apparatus characterized by comprising:
上記挟持ベルトの後方に設けられ、上記判定手段が適熟と判定した場合には、切断された葉菜類の作用位置に先端部を移動し、上記判定手段が未熟と判定した場合には、未切断の葉菜類に対して先端部を開いて非作用位置に移動することで、切断した葉菜類を機体の後上方に向けて搬送する搬送用挟持ベルトを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の葉菜類収穫装置。 Provided at the rear of the clamping belt, when the determination means determines that it is ripe, the tip is moved to the action position of the cut leafy vegetables, and when the determination means determines that it is immature, it is not cut 2. The conveyance pinching belt is provided to convey the cut leaf vegetables toward the rear upper side of the machine body by opening the tip of the leaf vegetables and moving to a non-acting position. Leaf vegetable harvesting equipment.
JP08106398A 1998-03-27 1998-03-27 Leaf vegetable harvesting equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3889149B2 (en)

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JP3889149B2 true JP3889149B2 (en) 2007-03-07

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202100017453A1 (en) 2021-07-02 2023-01-02 Dari Ecomeccanica Srl Machine for automatic cutting and harvesting of leafy crops

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106961919B (en) * 2017-04-13 2023-06-20 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Leaf vegetable plant harvester

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202100017453A1 (en) 2021-07-02 2023-01-02 Dari Ecomeccanica Srl Machine for automatic cutting and harvesting of leafy crops

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