JP3876427B2 - Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat - Google Patents

Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3876427B2
JP3876427B2 JP22736796A JP22736796A JP3876427B2 JP 3876427 B2 JP3876427 B2 JP 3876427B2 JP 22736796 A JP22736796 A JP 22736796A JP 22736796 A JP22736796 A JP 22736796A JP 3876427 B2 JP3876427 B2 JP 3876427B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
snow
water
vehicle
waste heat
snow melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP22736796A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH1054017A (en
Inventor
恭嗣 上田
Original Assignee
恭嗣 上田
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 恭嗣 上田 filed Critical 恭嗣 上田
Priority to JP22736796A priority Critical patent/JP3876427B2/en
Publication of JPH1054017A publication Critical patent/JPH1054017A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3876427B2 publication Critical patent/JP3876427B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
自動車や各種車両のエンジンが無駄に捨てている廃熱を回収し、道路の融雪、除雪に利用するエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の自動車等の車体は北国の雪害に対する配慮が為されていないため、道路上の融雪、除雪に寄与していない。そのために、北国の道路の除雪には多数の除雪機械を使用したり、電力を使って雪を融かす等の費用やエネルギーの浪費をしている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
自動車のエンジンの冷却液叉は排気ガスの廃熱を熱源とする場合、熱源である自動車のエンジンは道路上の雪に接していないため、その熱源から道路上に広く分布している雪に熱をどうやって伝達するかの熱伝達方法の設計が問題である。
【0004】
更に,車両の通行によりタイヤに踏み固められた圧雪は固くてその除去は大変である。圧雪の発生は、除雪車による除雪作業が間欠的であること及び除雪車の排雪板を路面上に滑らせる作業である為に路面から完全に雪を除去できないことが原因である。ここで、雪に水分を与えてシャーベット化させると雪の強度は低下し、シャーベット雪は車両のタイヤで容易に踏み潰されて路面とタイヤの間の摩擦係数が復活するので車両は滑り難くなるとともに、シャーベット雪は除去が容易であるので除雪作業の生産性が上がることの2点に着目する。その水分は雪を融かせば得られる。雪を全部融かす必要は無いので省エネ効果が大きい。雪を融かすのはエネルギーの無駄使いとされているが、廃熱を利用するのであり、更に雪のシャーベット化効果により有効な除雪融雪作業手段となる。
【0005】
本発明は以上の事情に鑑みて創案されたものであり、フォークリフトの如く、路面の平滑さが保たれている構内道路を低速度で走行する車両にあっては、車両とともに移動する橇の底面の損傷を心配する必要が無いことに着目し、その橇をエンジン廃熱で加温し、車両の床下に吊り下げ,雪面上を滑らせることにより道路上の融雪を行う、エンジン廃熱を 利用した車両の融雪装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、以上の目的を達成するために、車両側に固持される加温部と、エンジンからの冷却液及び/又は排気ガスを前記加温部に誘導する導熱手段と、路面上の水雪と前記加温部とを係合せしめる係合手段を設けるエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置を構成するものである。具体的には、次のような手段が採用される。
【0007】
フォークリフト等の低速度の車両において、融雪橇を路面上の雪に接するように車両の床下に吊るし、エンジンの冷却液や排気ガスからの回収熱を運搬する熱媒体を可撓管で通して、その融雪橇に内蔵された可温部を加温し、それにより融雪橇を加温して雪を融かす。フォークリフト等が走行した路面の雪が融けるので、少雪の時は雪が全部無くなるし、多雪の時は雪がシャーベット化して除雪作業が容易になり、タイヤがシャーベット雪を踏み潰し得るので路面とタイヤの間の摩擦係数が回復する。
【0008】
フォークリフトは雪の無い屋内作業中もエンジン廃熱を出し続けるので、その熱をカウンターウエイトに蓄えておき、屋外に出た時に融雪に用いるようにすれば廃熱を有効利用できる。そのため、可温部をカウンターウエイトに内臓させ、熱容量が大きいカウンターウエイトを熱の一時貯蔵に利用し、廃熱を無駄無く融雪に転用する。
【0009】
融雪橇に車輪を取り付け、融雪橇の底面を僅かに路面、雪面から浮かせて、雪が無い場合に路面との摩擦により融雪橇の底面の損傷を防ぐことも考えられる。
【0010】
更に融雪橇の前部にショベルを取り付け表面の雪を連続的に掬い取り、その雪を融雪橇の上面に取り付けたプールに送り込ませ、そのプールに溜まっている湯の中に漬けて融かし、又雪が融けた湯水を溢出させることにより融雪効率、雪のシャーベット化効率を向上させることも考えられる。これは雪氷は氷塊化したものは伝熱性が小さく融雪橇の底面に接するだけでは伝熱量が不足する場合の対策である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置の実施の形態を図面を参照して詳述する。図1及び図2は本発明の全体構造を示す側面図である。エンジン2から出るエンジン冷却液及び/叉は排気ガスは延長配管1を通って加温部4を加温する。融雪橇3に内臓された加温部4により融雪橇3は加温され、車両の走行とともに雪面上を滑る。このため、路面上の雪が融ける。
【0012】
図1に示すように、融雪橇3を路面上の雪に接するように車両の床下に吊るし、エンジン冷却液叉は排気ガスからの回収熱を運搬する熱媒体を可撓式の延長配管1を通して、融雪橇3に内蔵された加温部4を加温し、それにより融雪橇3を加温して雪を融かす。
【0013】
図2に示すように、加温部4をフォークリフトのカウンターウエイト5に内臓させ、熱容量が大きいカウンターウエイト5を熱の一時貯蔵に利用し、この貯蔵された熱を必要の都度熱回収器6を介して引き出して融雪橇3を加温することによりエンジン廃熱を無駄無く融雪に転用することができる。フォークリフトは屋内作業時や荷物の揚降時にエンジンを強く廻しつれて廃熱が多く出るが、その時は車両は停止し融雪橇3が雪を融かすことができないのを補うものである。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
冬期にはフォークリフトを使用する北国の工場,物流拠点等の構内道路の除雪作業に多大の費用を費やし、また積雪の為にフォークリフトの走行に支障をきたし,或いはスリップ事故の危険性が大きくなっているが、これらの問題点を一掃することができる。
【0015】
雪を融かして路面から無くすという直接の効果の他に、機械除雪とは異なり、雪捨て場の確保とそこ迄の雪の運搬の手間が不要になるという副効果も大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 融雪橇を装着したフォークリフトの全体構造を示す側面図。
【図2】 蓄熱能力を持たせたカウンターウエイトを装着したフォークリフトの全体構造を示す側面図。
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン冷却液の延長配管
2 エンジン
3 融雪橇
4 加温部
5 カウンターウエイト
6 熱回収器
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a snow melting device for a vehicle that recovers waste heat that is wasted by an engine of an automobile or various vehicles and uses the engine waste heat used for snow melting and snow removal on a road.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional car bodies such as automobiles do not contribute to snow melting and snow removal on the road because no consideration is given to snow damage in northern countries. For this reason, many snow removal machines are used to remove snow from northern roads, and electric power is used to melt snow and waste energy.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the exhaust heat from the exhaust gas of an automobile engine is used as the heat source, the automobile engine that is the heat source is not in contact with the snow on the road, so heat from the heat source to the snow that is widely distributed on the road. The problem is how to design a heat transfer method for how to transmit the heat.
[0004]
Furthermore, the compressed snow that has been squeezed into the tires by the traffic of the vehicle is hard and difficult to remove. The occurrence of pressure snow is caused by the fact that the snow removal work by the snowplow is intermittent and that the snow removal board of the snowplow is slid on the road surface, so that the snow cannot be completely removed from the road surface. Here, if moisture is given to the snow to make it sherbet, the strength of the snow is reduced, and the sherbet snow is easily crushed by the tire of the vehicle, and the coefficient of friction between the road surface and the tire is restored, so the vehicle becomes difficult to slip. At the same time, attention is focused on two points that the productivity of snow removal work is increased because sherbet snow is easy to remove. The moisture can be obtained by melting the snow. There is no need to melt all the snow, so it has a great energy saving effect. Melting snow is considered to be a waste of energy, but waste heat is used, and it becomes an effective snow removal and snow melting work means due to the effect of snow sherbeting.
[0005]
The present invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, and in the case of a vehicle that travels at a low speed on a local road where the road surface is kept smooth, such as a forklift, the bottom surface of a kite that moves with the vehicle. Focusing on the fact that there is no need to worry about the damage of the engine, heat the cage with engine waste heat, hang it under the floor of the vehicle and slide it on the snow surface to melt snow on the road. It aims at providing the snow melting apparatus of the utilized vehicle.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a heating unit that is fixed to the vehicle side, heat conduction means that guides coolant and / or exhaust gas from the engine to the heating unit, and water on the road surface. The present invention constitutes a snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat, which is provided with an engaging means for engaging snow with the heating portion. Specifically, the following means are adopted.
[0007]
In a low-speed vehicle such as a forklift, a snowmelt hose is suspended under the floor of the vehicle so as to be in contact with snow on the road surface, and a heat medium that carries recovered heat from engine coolant or exhaust gas is passed through a flexible tube, The warming part built in the snowmelt basin is heated, thereby warming the snowmelt basin and melting the snow. Since the snow on the road surface on which the forklift ran etc. melts, all of the snow disappears when there is little snow, and when there is heavy snow, the snow turns into sherbet and the snow removal work becomes easy, and the tire can crush the sherbet snow, so the road surface and tire The friction coefficient between is recovered.
[0008]
Forklifts continue to produce engine waste heat even when working indoors without snow, so it is possible to effectively use waste heat by storing the heat in a counterweight and using it for snow melting when going outdoors. Therefore, the warm part is built in the counter weight, the counter weight having a large heat capacity is used for temporary heat storage, and the waste heat is diverted to melting snow without waste.
[0009]
It is also conceivable to attach a wheel to the snowmelt fence and lift the bottom surface of the snowmelt fence slightly from the road surface or snow surface to prevent damage to the bottom surface of the snowmelt fence by friction with the road surface when there is no snow.
[0010]
In addition, an excavator is attached to the front of the snowmelt bowl, and the snow on the surface is continuously picked up. The snow is sent to a pool attached to the upper surface of the snowmelt bowl, soaked in hot water accumulated in the pool and melted. It is also conceivable to improve the snow melting efficiency and the snow sherbet efficiency by overflowing hot water melted with snow. This is a measure for the case where snow ice is a lump of ice, and the heat transfer is small, and the amount of heat transfer is insufficient just by contacting the bottom surface of the snowmelt fence.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are side views showing the overall structure of the present invention. Engine coolant and / or exhaust gas exiting the engine 2 passes through the extension pipe 1 and heats the heating unit 4. The snowmelt cage 3 is heated by the heating unit 4 built in the snowmelt cage 3 and slides on the snow surface as the vehicle travels. For this reason, the snow on the road surface melts.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, a snowmelt hail 3 is suspended under the floor of a vehicle so as to be in contact with snow on a road surface, and a heat medium that carries recovered heat from an engine coolant or exhaust gas is passed through a flexible extension pipe 1. Then, the warming part 4 built in the snowmelt cage 3 is heated, and thereby the snowmelt cage 3 is heated to melt the snow.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the heating unit 4 is built in the counterweight 5 of the forklift, the counterweight 5 having a large heat capacity is used for temporary heat storage, and the heat recovery unit 6 is used for the stored heat whenever necessary. The engine waste heat can be diverted to snow melting without waste by heating the snow melting cage 3 by drawing out the heat. Forklifts are used to drive a lot of waste heat when working indoors or when lifting or unloading luggage. At that time, the vehicle stops and the snowmelt cage 3 compensates for the inability to melt the snow.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
During the winter, a large amount of money is spent on snow removal work on the roads in northern countries that use forklifts, logistics bases, etc., and because of snow accumulation, forklifts are hindered or the risk of slip accidents increases. However, these problems can be wiped out.
[0015]
In addition to the direct effect of melting snow and removing it from the road surface, unlike mechanical snow removal, there is also a great side effect of eliminating the need to secure a snow dump and transport snow up to that point.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a forklift equipped with a snowmelt sledge.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the overall structure of a forklift equipped with a counterweight having a heat storage capacity.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Extension piping for engine coolant 2 Engine 3 Snow melting basin 4 Heating part 5 Counterweight 6 Heat recovery unit

Claims (9)

車両側に固持される、自動車のホイルハウスの近傍に配置される水溜め部と、タイヤ及び/又は路面水雪巻き上げ手段を介して路面側からホイルハウスの内壁に巻き上げた水雪を減速して蓄水する水雪減勢集水手段および該手段と前記水溜め部とを連結する集水管とからなる加温部と、エンジンからの冷却液及び/又は排気ガスを前記加温部に誘導する導熱手段と、路面上の水雪と前記加温部とを係合せしめる係合手段を設けることを特徴とするエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。Reduce water and snow rolled up from the road surface side to the inner wall of the wheel house through the water reservoir and the tire and / or road surface water and snow hoisting means, which are fixed to the vehicle side and arranged near the wheel house of the automobile. A water-snow-reduced water collecting means for storing water, a heating part comprising a water collecting pipe connecting the means and the water reservoir, and a coolant and / or exhaust gas from the engine are guided to the heating part. A snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat, characterized in that heat conduction means, and engagement means for engaging water and snow on a road surface with the heating portion are provided. 前記路面水雪巻き上げ手段がタイヤに付設されて同期回転すると共に路面に当接して配置されるリング状ブラシである請求項1に記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。2. The snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat according to claim 1 , wherein the road surface water and snow hoisting means is a ring-shaped brush that is attached to a tire and rotates synchronously and is disposed in contact with the road surface. 前記水雪減勢集水手段が、ホイルハウスの天井にその内壁と適宜間隙を介して配置される波型状の受水溝からなる請求項に記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。2. The snow melting of a vehicle using engine waste heat according to claim 1 , wherein the water / snow-reduced water collecting means comprises a wave-shaped water receiving groove disposed on the ceiling of the wheel house with an appropriate gap between the inner wall and the inner wall. apparatus. 前記水雪減勢集水手段が、ホイルハウスの天井に、その内壁と適宜間隙を介して配置される網目部材とその下方に配置される透水板とからなる請求項に記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。2. The engine waste heat according to claim 1 , wherein the water / snow-reduction water collecting means comprises a mesh member disposed on the ceiling of the wheel house with an appropriate gap between the inner wall and a water permeable plate disposed below the mesh member. Snow melting device for vehicles using 前記集水管が、ホイルハウスの側面の上方側および下方側に設けられる受水溝と、下方側の前記受水溝と前記水溜め部とを連結する配管とからなる請求項乃至のいずれかに記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。Any the water collecting tube, the sides of the wheel house and the upper side and the water receiving groove provided on the lower side, the lower side the water receiving groove and of the water reservoir and the claims 1 to 4 comprising a pipe for connecting the A snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat described in the above. 前記水溜め部が、密閉室からなり、その上方側には水溜め部内の温水を路面側に誘導する排出管が連結されることを特徴とする請求項乃至のいずれかに記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the water reservoir portion comprises a sealed chamber, and a discharge pipe for guiding the hot water in the water reservoir portion to the road surface side is connected to the upper portion thereof. Snow melting equipment for vehicles using waste heat. 前記車両が、低速で移動する車両であり、前記加温部が、前記冷却液及び/又は排気ガスにより加熱され路面に近接する位置に底面を配置する融雪橇からなる請求項1に記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。  2. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle is a vehicle that moves at a low speed, and the heating unit includes a snowmelt cage that is heated by the coolant and / or exhaust gas and has a bottom surface located at a position close to a road surface. Snow melting equipment for vehicles using waste heat. 前記加温部が、前記冷却液及び/又は排気ガスにより加熱される熱交換器を内蔵した適宜の熱容量を有するカウンターウエイトを介して加熱される前記水溜め部及び/又は融雪橇である請求項に又はに記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。The heating section is the water reservoir section and / or snowmelt trough heated through a counterweight having an appropriate heat capacity with a built-in heat exchanger heated by the coolant and / or exhaust gas. A snow melting device for a vehicle using the engine waste heat described in 1 or 7 . 前記低速で移動する車両がフォークリフトである請求項およびのいずれかに記載のエンジン廃熱を利用した車両の融雪装置。The snow melting device for a vehicle using engine waste heat according to any one of claims 7 and 8 , wherein the vehicle moving at a low speed is a forklift.
JP22736796A 1996-08-12 1996-08-12 Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat Expired - Lifetime JP3876427B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22736796A JP3876427B2 (en) 1996-08-12 1996-08-12 Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22736796A JP3876427B2 (en) 1996-08-12 1996-08-12 Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1054017A JPH1054017A (en) 1998-02-24
JP3876427B2 true JP3876427B2 (en) 2007-01-31

Family

ID=16859700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP22736796A Expired - Lifetime JP3876427B2 (en) 1996-08-12 1996-08-12 Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3876427B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107757724A (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-03-06 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The wheel of vehicle enclosure system of wheel cabin liner with heating and the method for heating wheel cabin liner

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101347803B1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2014-01-03 김계윤 Snowplow
JP6037702B2 (en) * 2012-08-03 2016-12-07 株式会社豊田自動織機 Fuel cell system for industrial vehicles
JP6418442B2 (en) * 2014-08-21 2018-11-07 恭嗣 上田 Forklift road snow melting equipment using engine waste heat.
JP6501101B2 (en) * 2014-09-04 2019-04-17 恭嗣 上田 Road snow melting system equipped with fork lift using engine waste heat
JP2020059587A (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-04-16 株式会社ディスコ forklift

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107757724A (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-03-06 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 The wheel of vehicle enclosure system of wheel cabin liner with heating and the method for heating wheel cabin liner
US10343722B2 (en) 2016-08-18 2019-07-09 Gm Global Technology Operations Llc. Vehicle wheel housing system with heated wheel well liner and method of heating a wheel well liner
CN107757724B (en) * 2016-08-18 2020-05-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Vehicle wheel shell system with heated wheel well liner and method of heating a wheel well liner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH1054017A (en) 1998-02-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108570959B (en) Small-size highway snow sweeping device
CN205276200U (en) Load snow breaker from walking
CN201180260Y (en) Snow remover
CN211395297U (en) Crack filling type reinforcing device for highway bridge
JP3876427B2 (en) Snow melting equipment for vehicles using engine waste heat
CN103046511B (en) Snow melting vehicle is swept in Moveable electric-heating high temperature
CN201914649U (en) Electric garbage cleaning and conveying tip truck
CN203701019U (en) Multifunction snow melting vehicle
CN211621426U (en) Snow melting sweeping mopping vehicle
CN2414107Y (en) Environment protective snow-thawing and removing vehicle
CN201347545Y (en) Ice-breaking and snow-removing machine
CN2695477Y (en) Environnetal protection type high efficiency thermal snow removing truck
CN211286333U (en) Intelligence roof snow cleaning device
CN205530057U (en) Electronic tricycle cleans rubbish van
CN211285468U (en) Bridge ice-melt snow removing device
CN204418094U (en) A kind of combined road deicing sled
CN211690161U (en) Snow removing device for preventing road snow
CN208884454U (en) A kind of Multifunctional snow remover
CN220977846U (en) Snow shoveling assembly for snow removing vehicle
CN213324958U (en) Novel movable dustbin
CN203904904U (en) Snow sweeper with snow water collection function
CN2603113Y (en) snow-removnig cleaning-vehicle
CN203795366U (en) Snow-removing truck
JP6418442B2 (en) Forklift road snow melting equipment using engine waste heat.
CN211713860U (en) Road deicing vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20051226

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20060131

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060317

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20060509

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060607

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20061003

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20061020

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091110

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101110

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101110

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111110

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111110

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121110

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121110

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121110

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121110

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131110

Year of fee payment: 7

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term