JP3875640B2 - Development device - Google Patents

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JP3875640B2
JP3875640B2 JP2003017459A JP2003017459A JP3875640B2 JP 3875640 B2 JP3875640 B2 JP 3875640B2 JP 2003017459 A JP2003017459 A JP 2003017459A JP 2003017459 A JP2003017459 A JP 2003017459A JP 3875640 B2 JP3875640 B2 JP 3875640B2
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JP2004226896A (en
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信隆 野田
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Katsuragawa Electric Co Ltd
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Katsuragawa Electric Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、現像と像担持体上に残留した現像剤を回収とを同時に行う現像装置に関し、特には、現像装置の動作が、非画像形成から画像形成の状態となった時に、適切な現像ができる現像装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子写真方式として、感光ドラムなどの像担持体上に静電潜像を形成し、この静電潜像を現像すると同時に像担持体上に残留した現像剤をクリーニングするクリーナレス方式があり、この方式を適用した構成のものが特許文献1に開示されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開昭63−241587号公報
【0004】
この構成は、従来必要としていたクリーニング装置や現像剤回収装置を不要とするために、装置の小型化を図れるとともに、像担持体上に残存する現像剤を使用することができるために、環境に対する配慮がなされ、且つコストパフォーマンスも良好とすることができる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特許文献1で開示された文献は、撹乱手段により、像担持体上に残留した現像剤を散らした後、その現像剤を現像ローラに回収する構成であり、少量の画像を出力するものに対しては、像担持体の履歴の発生を防止する点において、ある程度の効果がある。
【0006】
しかし、高速機や、または大量の画像を連続して出力する場合には、散らした現像剤が再び像担持体上に付着し、現像ローラでの現像剤の回収能力が低下する傾向が高い。
【0007】
このことから、例えば、大量の画像を連続出力した後に装置をアイドリング中にし、再び画像形成を行った時には、現像ローラに回収される現像剤が過多となり、現像ローラ上に形成される現像剤の層が、通常に形成される層より厚くなる。この結果、現像ローラに付着した現像剤の層が通常の層より厚くなり、出力した画像に濃度ムラが生じ、画像の品質に悪影響を与える傾向が高くなるおそれがある。本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡単な構成により、安定した画像形成を行うことができる現像装置を提供することを課題とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題を解決するために、像担持体の帯電極性と同極性の現像剤を担持して、前記像担持体に現像剤像を形成するとともに像担持体上に残留した現像剤を回収する現像剤担持体と、現像剤担持体に現像剤を供給する現像剤供給手段と、現像剤担持体上に現像剤の層を形成する層厚規制手段とを有し、
前記層厚規制手段は、中央部と該中央部の両端側に該中央部とは電気的に絶縁された端部とから形成された導電性ローラ体からなり、
前記像担持体に前記現像剤像を形成する時には、転写後に前記像担持体上に残留した前記現像剤を前記現像剤担持体上に回収させるとともに、前記現像剤供給手段から供給された現像剤を前記像担持体上に薄層の現像剤像を形成するように、前記現像剤担持体、前記層厚規制手段の中央部および前記現像剤供給手段の各印加する電圧を前記像担持体の帯電極性と同極性に設定し、且つ前記層厚規制手段の端部に印加する電圧を、前記現像剤担持体、前記層厚規制手段の中央部および前記現像剤供給手段の各印加する電圧の極性と逆極性に設定し、
前記像担持体に前記現像剤像を形成しない時には、前記現像剤供給手段からの現像剤の供給を抑制するとともに、前記層厚規制手段により、前記現像剤担持体に回収された現像剤および前記現像剤担持体上の現像剤を、画像形成を行うのに適した層となるように、前記現像剤担持体、前記現像剤供給手段および前記層厚規制手段の電圧の極性を前記像担持体の帯電極性と逆極性に設定するとともに、前記層厚規制手段の前記端部の電圧を前記現像剤担持体に印加された電圧よりも高く設定し、且つ前記層厚規制手段の中央部の電圧を前記現像剤担持体の電圧と同電位となるように設定することを特徴とする。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の好適な実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1に、本発明の現像装置を備えた画像形成装置の概略図を示す。図1に示すように、像担持体1を中心に帯電装置2と露光装置3と現像装置4と転写装置5と回収装置6とを有する。
【0013】
像担持体1は、OPC(有機光導電体)やアモルファスシリコンよりなるドラム状感光体を使用し、矢印A方向に回転する。帯電装置2は、像担持体1の表面を所定の極性に均一帯電するスコロトロン型の帯電器であり、像担持体1への均一な帯電付与ができるように、放電ワイヤにー約−6000Vから−6500Vの高電圧を印加し、像担持体1の表面電位が−600から−900Vとなるような帯電を行う。なお、像担持体1の表面電位は−700Vから−800Vであることが望ましく、特には、750Vが望ましい。
【0014】
露光装置3は、像担持体1の表面に光信号を照射(像露光)するものであり、具体的にはLEDヘッドが用いられている。LEDヘッドは、発光素子からなるLEDを形成する画像画素数だけ直線状に配置し、その一つ一つが形成する画像画素に応じて各LEDは点滅して光照射を行っている。なお、LEDアレイの各LEDの光照射時間は、30から60μSecとし、好ましくは40μSecが望ましい。
【0015】
現像装置4は、露光装置3によって形成された静電潜像を、静電潜像を像担持体1の帯電極性と同極性に帯電された現像剤により現像して現像剤像を形成するものである。
【0016】
現像装置4は、非磁性一成分現像剤を使用した接触現像方式によるクリーナレス現像方式よりなり、現像剤を収容した現像容器41と、弾性ローラからなる現像剤担持体42と、現像剤担持体42に適宜な圧力で接触して配置され、現像剤担持体42上に一定の現像剤の層を形成する層厚規制手段43と、現像剤担持体42と接触して設けられ現像容器41内の現像剤を現像剤担持体42に供給する現像剤供給手段44と、現像剤供給手段44の後方に配置された攪拌部材45などを備える。
【0017】
現像剤担持体42は、ステンレス等の導電性の剛体からなる中心軸42aの周りに、弾性中間層42bを形成し、さらに、中間層の外周に弾性表面層42cを形成した構成からなり、反時計方向に回転する。
【0018】
さらに、弾性中間層42bと弾性表面層42cとは、体積抵抗値等の異なる性質を持つシリコンゴムからなる二層の弾性体により形成される。また、材料は、シリコンゴムのほか、弾性中間層42bとしてNBRゴム(アクリロニトリルブタジエン共重合ゴム)やウレタンゴム等の弾性体で形成したものを使用し、弾性表面層42cもウレタンゴム等の弾性体で形成したものでもよい。
【0019】
なお、現像剤担持体42は、先に述べたように二層構造に限定されることなく、単層、または三層以上の構造であってもよい。これら現像剤担持体42の比抵抗は、10〜10Ω・cmの範囲が好ましく、またゴム硬度は20〜30度程度の範囲のものが好ましい。
【0020】
現像剤担持体42の中心軸42aは、電源46(46a、46b)に接続されている。電源46は、二つあり、一つは像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時に所定の電圧を印加するもの、一つは像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時に所定の電圧を印加するものがあり、切替手段47(47a、47b)により、ある一定のタイミングで現像剤担持体42に印加する電圧が切り替わるようになっている。
【0021】
実施形態において、現像剤担持体42に印加する電圧は、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時には、−100Vから−300Vに印加されるように設定されている。なお、現像剤担持体42の電圧は約−250Vの印加が望ましい。また、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時には、現像剤担持体42に印加する電圧が+300Vから+750Vとなるように設定されている。なお、現像剤担持体42の電圧は約+350Vの印加が望ましい。
【0022】
現像剤供給手段44は、現像剤担持体42の軸線と並行に延びて配置され、現像剤担持体42とほぼ全長にわたって接触している。また、現像剤供給手段44は、例えばカーボン微粉末が混入されたウレタンゴムの発泡体からなり、現像剤担持体42に対して所定の圧力で接触しながら反時計方向に回転する。
【0023】
現像剤供給手段44の中心軸44aは、電源48(48a、48b)に接続されている。電源48は、現像剤担持体42と同様に像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時に所定の電圧を印加するもの、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時に所定の電圧を印加するものとがあり、切替手段49(49a、49b)により、ある一定のタイミングで現像剤担持体42に印加する電圧が切り替わるようになっている。
【0024】
実施形態において、現像剤供給手段44に印加する電圧は、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時には、−500Vから−900Vに印加されるように設定されている。なお、現像剤供給手段44の電圧は約−750Vの印加が望ましい。また、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時には、現像剤供給手段44に印加する電圧が+10Vから+500Vとなるように設定されている。なお、現像剤供給手段44の電圧は約+500Vの印加が望ましい。
【0025】
攪拌部材45は、現像剤供給手段44の後方に設けられ、現像剤担持体42の軸線と同方向に延びる中心軸45aと、中心軸45aに軸線方向の複数箇所において設けられた攪拌翼45bとを有し、攪拌翼45bは時計方向に回転する。
【0026】
層厚規制手段43は、現像剤供給手段44により現像剤担持体42上に層状に供給された現像剤の層厚を規制するものである。この層厚規制手段43については、平成11年6月13日付けで出願されているもので(特願平11−233236号)、現像剤担持体42の回転方向からみて、現像剤担持体42と像担持体1との接触部の上流位置に配置された導電性または半導電性の回転可能なローラ体からなり、反時計方向に回転する。また、層厚規制手段43の周面には、先端が当接するようにして弾性体のブレード8が配置されている。
【0027】
図2に示すように、層厚規制手段43は、中央部43aと、中央部43aの両端側の端部43bとからなる。これら、中央部43aと各端部43bは、電気的に絶縁されて構成されている。中央部43aと各端部43bは、それぞれ電源50、52に接続され、異なる電圧が印加されている。
【0028】
さらに、中央部43aおよび各端部43bに接続される電源50(50a、50b)は、二つあり、一つは像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時に所定の電圧を印加するもの、一つは像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時に所定の電圧を印加するものがある。これら異なる電源は、切替手段51により、ある一定のタイミングで、それぞれ印加する電圧が切り替わるようになっている。
【0029】
特に、両端部43bに印加される電圧は、現像剤担持体42に印加する電圧よりも常に高く設定されている。これにより、現像剤担持体42の端部に現像剤がある場合、その現像剤は、現像剤担持体42が層厚規制手段43と接した時、常に、両端側の表面へ移動するようになる。この結果、現像剤担持体42の両側に現像剤で覆われない部分ができ、現像剤担持体42の両端から現像剤が像担持体1側に漏れることを防いでいる。
【0030】
実施形態において、層厚規制手段43に印加する電圧は、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時には、中央部43aに−250Vから−350Vに印加するように設定され、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時には、+250Vから+450Vに印加するように設定されている。なお、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時における中央部43aの電圧は約−350Vの印加、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時における中央部43aの電圧は約+350Vの印加が望ましい。
【0031】
さらに、各端部43bは、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時には、中央部43aに印加された電圧と逆極性の電圧を印加するように設定されるとともに、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時には、現像剤担持体42に印加された電圧よりも高く設定されている。なお、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時における端部43bの電圧は約+115Vの印加、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時における端部43bの電圧は約+470Vの印加が望ましい。
【0032】
このような構成により、現像装置4は、現像剤担持体42に形成した薄層を像担持体1に押しつけるようにして像担持体1表面に現像剤を供給し、像担持体1の表面に形成された静電潜像を反転現像して現像剤像を形成する。
【0033】
転写装置5は、像担持体1上に形成された現像剤像をシートに転写するものであり、現像剤の帯電極性とは逆極性のコロナを放電させる転写コロナ放電器51とAC分離コロナを放電させる分離コロナ放電器52とを有する。コロナ放電器は、搬送されるシートの裏面から現像剤像と逆極性のコロナ放電を行って、像担持体1上の現像剤像をシート側へ静電吸着させて転写を行う。分離コロナ放電器52は、現像剤像が転写されたシートを、像担持体1より分離する。分離したシートは、不図示の定着装置を通過して永久画像として外部に排出される。
【0034】
除電装置7は、像担持体1の表面に残留した電荷を除去するものであり、イレーサランプなどから所定の光量を像担持体1の長手方向に均一に照射して像担持体1上の残留電荷を中和している。
【0035】
回収装置6は、除電装置7と帯電装置2との間に配置され、転写装置5で転写しきれずに像担持体1上に残存する現像剤を静電的に吸着して像担持体1上から一時的に回収するものである。
【0036】
この回収装置6については、本出願人によって、平成13年6月13日付けで出願されているもので(特願2001−178335号)、像担持体1に対向して長手方向の全幅にわたって近接または接触して設けられ、像担持体1の回転方向とは逆方向に回転可能に設けられている。
【0037】
さらに、回収装置6は、像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時と像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時において所定のタイミングで、回収装置6への印加する電圧の切り替えにより現像剤の回収と像担持体1への再付着を行わせるものである。
【0038】
次に、本実施の形態の動きについて説明する。像担持体に現像剤像を形成する時、具体的には、像担持体1上に現像された現像剤像をシートに転写する時には、各切替手段(47、49、51)により現像剤担持体42を−250V、現像剤供給手段44を−750V、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aを−350Vおよび層厚規制手段43の端部43bを+115Vの電圧を印加するように設定する。
【0039】
この電圧の設定のもと、現像剤供給手段44が回転し、現像剤を現像剤担持体42側に搬送する。現像剤は、現像剤供給手段44と現像剤担持体42が近接する位置まで現像剤が搬送されと、電位の低い現像剤供給手段44から電位の高い現像剤担持体42に移動する。現像体担持体に移動した現像剤は、現像体担持体の回転により層厚規制手段43側へと搬送される。
【0040】
層厚規制手段43は現像剤担持体42に対して圧接されているとともに、現像剤担持体42と層厚規制手段43は接点において、こすり合うように互い違いの方向に回転している。この状態のもと、現像剤担持体42により搬送された現像剤は、層厚規制手段43により、層厚規制手段43と現像剤担持体42との間を通過できる量に規制される。この間を通過できない現像剤は層厚規制手段43によって現像容器41側に搬送される。
【0041】
また、特に、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aと現像剤担持体42との間を通過した現像剤は、現像剤担持体42側に確実に付着するように、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aの電圧は現像剤担持体42の電圧に対して低く設定されている。この結果、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aとの接点を通過した現像剤担持体42上には薄い均一な現像剤層が形成される。
【0042】
層厚規制手段43によって現像容器41内に搬送された現像剤の多くは、層厚規制手段43の表面に付着している。この現像剤は、層厚規制手段43に接触させているブレード8によって掻き落とされ、現像容器41内に戻される。
【0043】
さらに、層厚規制手段43の両端部43bは、現像剤担持体42に印加した電圧と逆極性の電圧が印加され、現像剤担持体42の端部43b側表面または両端部43b側表面に付着した現像剤を、層厚規制手段43の端部43bまたは両端部43bに移動する。
【0044】
この結果、現像剤担持体42の両端側の表面には現像剤で覆われない部分ができ、現像剤が、現像剤担持体42の端部43bまたは両端部43bから現像装置4外にこぼれ落ちることを防ぐことができる。
【0045】
薄い均一な現像剤層が形成された現像剤担持体42は、先に述べた帯電、露光工程を経て静電潜像が形成された像担持体1表面に接触することにより、像担持体1上に現像剤像が形成される。この現像剤像はシート上に転写され、シートに画像が形成される。シートに転写されずに像担持体1上に残留した現像剤は、除電を行った後、回収装置6に回収される。この後、再度、帯電が行われ、次の画像形成が行われる。
【0046】
なお、回収されなかった現像剤があったとしても、次の画像形成の品質に悪影響を与えないほど僅かとなり、さらに、この現像剤は、次の画像の形成時に現像剤担持体42に付着して現像容器41内に回収される。この結果、次の現像剤像を形成するときに、残留した現像剤が、像担持体1の表面にない状態となり、安定した画像形成を行うことができる。
【0047】
次に、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時として、具体的には、画像形成が終了し装置が停止またはアイドリング中の時、装置がジャム等により停止した後、画像形成を再開する時、所定のサイズのシートを出力する際にシートの供給元を切り替える時である。
【0048】
この時、各切替手段(47、49、51)により、現像剤担持体42を+350V、現像剤供給手段44を+500V、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aを+350Vおよび層厚規制手段43の端部43bを+470Vの電圧を印加するように設定する。
【0049】
さらに、回収された現像剤を像担持体1に付着するように、印加する電圧を切り替える。この切り替えは、回収装置6の電位を、像担持体1の電位よりも低くなるようにする。これにより、回収装置6に回収されていた現像剤は、現像装置4の現像剤担持体42に接触するまで、像担持体1側に移動し現像装置4側へと搬送される。
【0050】
この状態において現像装置4内では、現像剤供給手段44の電位の方が、現像剤担持体42の電位よりも高くなるため、現像容器41内にある現像剤の供給が抑制される。さらに、回収装置6から像担持体1に移動した現像剤は、現像装置4の現像剤担持体42に接触すると、現像剤担持体42に移動する。
【0051】
また、現像剤担持体42の電位と層厚規制手段43の中央部43aの電位は同じであるため、回収装置6を経由して像担持体1から現像剤担持体42に移動した現像剤およびもともと現像剤担持体42上にある現像剤は、層厚規制手段43の中央部43aと現像剤担持体42を通過した時に、強制的に現像剤担持体42に移動しない。この結果、画像形成を行うときに、現像剤担持体42上に画像に濃度ムラが生じない程度の現像剤層が形成することができる。層厚規制手段43の中央部43aに付着した現像剤は、ブレード8により掻き落とされ、現像容器41内に戻される。
【0052】
なお、この時、層厚規制手段43の各端部43bの電位は、現像剤担持体42の電位および層厚規制手段43の中央部43aの電位よりも高いため、先に述べたように、現像剤担持体42の両端側の表面には現像剤で覆われない部分ができ、現像剤が、現像剤担持体の端部43bまたは両端部43bから現像装置4外にこぼれ落ちることを防ぐことができる。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
このように、本発明によれば、像担持体に現像剤像を形成しない時である装置のアイドリング中に、現像剤担持体に形成された現像剤層を、一定の層に形成し、画像に品質に悪影響を与える濃度ムラ等の問題を解消することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本願発明による画像形成装置の一例を示す概略断面図。
【図2】 本発明に適用された層厚規制手段の詳細を示す図。
【符号の説明】
1 像担持体
8 ブレード
42 現像剤担持体
43 層厚規制手段
44 現像剤供給手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a developing device that simultaneously performs development and recovery of a developer remaining on an image carrier, and particularly suitable development when the operation of the developing device changes from non-image formation to image formation. The present invention relates to a developing device capable of
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an electrophotographic system, there is a cleanerless system in which an electrostatic latent image is formed on an image carrier such as a photosensitive drum, and the electrostatic latent image is developed and at the same time, the developer remaining on the image carrier is cleaned. A configuration to which the system is applied is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-241587
This configuration eliminates the need for a cleaning device and a developer recovery device that have conventionally been required, so that the size of the device can be reduced, and the developer remaining on the image carrier can be used. Consideration is made and cost performance can be improved.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The document disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a configuration in which the developer remaining on the image carrier is scattered by a disturbing means, and then the developer is collected on the developing roller, which outputs a small amount of image. Thus, there is a certain effect in preventing the occurrence of the history of the image carrier.
[0006]
However, when a high-speed machine or a large number of images are output continuously, the scattered developer adheres again to the image carrier, and the developer collecting ability on the developing roller tends to be reduced.
[0007]
For this reason, for example, when the apparatus is idling after a large number of images are continuously output and image formation is performed again, the developer collected on the developing roller becomes excessive, and the developer formed on the developing roller is The layer is thicker than the normally formed layer. As a result, the developer layer adhering to the developing roller becomes thicker than the normal layer, density unevenness occurs in the output image, and the tendency to adversely affect the image quality may be increased. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a developing device capable of performing stable image formation with a simple configuration.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, development is performed in which a developer having the same polarity as the charged polarity of the image carrier is carried to form a developer image on the image carrier and to collect the developer remaining on the image carrier. A developer carrier, a developer supply means for supplying a developer to the developer carrier, and a layer thickness regulating means for forming a developer layer on the developer carrier,
The layer thickness regulating means is composed of a conductive roller body formed of a central portion and end portions electrically insulated from the central portion at both ends of the central portion,
When forming the developer image on the image carrier, the developer remaining on the image carrier after the transfer is collected on the developer carrier and the developer supplied from the developer supply means In order to form a thin layer developer image on the image carrier, the voltage applied to each of the developer carrier, the central portion of the layer thickness regulating means and the developer supply means is applied to the image carrier. The voltage applied to the end of the layer thickness regulating means is set to the same polarity as the charging polarity, and the voltage applied to each of the developer carrier, the central portion of the layer thickness regulating means and the developer supplying means Set polarity to reverse polarity,
When the developer image is not formed on the image carrier, the supply of the developer from the developer supply unit is suppressed, and the developer recovered on the developer carrier by the layer thickness regulating unit and the developer The polarity of the voltages of the developer carrier, the developer supply means, and the layer thickness regulating means is set so that the developer on the developer carrier becomes a layer suitable for image formation. The voltage at the end of the layer thickness regulating means is set higher than the voltage applied to the developer carrying member, and the voltage at the center of the layer thickness regulating means Is set to have the same potential as the voltage of the developer carrying member .
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an image forming apparatus provided with the developing device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the image bearing member 1 is mainly provided with a charging device 2, an exposure device 3, a developing device 4, a transfer device 5, and a collection device 6.
[0013]
The image carrier 1 uses a drum-like photoconductor made of OPC (organic photoconductor) or amorphous silicon, and rotates in the direction of arrow A. The charging device 2 is a scorotron-type charger that uniformly charges the surface of the image carrier 1 to a predetermined polarity. The charging wire 2 can be applied to a discharge wire from about −6000 V so that the image carrier 1 can be uniformly charged. A high voltage of −6500 V is applied, and charging is performed so that the surface potential of the image carrier 1 is changed from −600 V to −900 V. The surface potential of the image carrier 1 is preferably −700 V to −800 V, and particularly preferably 750 V.
[0014]
The exposure device 3 irradiates the surface of the image carrier 1 with an optical signal (image exposure). Specifically, an LED head is used. The LED heads are arranged in a straight line by the number of image pixels that form an LED composed of a light emitting element, and each LED blinks and emits light according to the image pixel formed by each. The light irradiation time of each LED of the LED array is 30 to 60 μSec, and preferably 40 μSec.
[0015]
The developing device 4 develops the electrostatic latent image formed by the exposure device 3 with a developer charged with the same polarity as the charged polarity of the image carrier 1 to form a developer image. It is.
[0016]
The developing device 4 is a cleaner-less developing method based on a contact developing method using a non-magnetic one-component developer, and includes a developing container 41 containing a developer, a developer carrier 42 formed of an elastic roller, and a developer carrier. 42 in contact with the developer carrier 42, and a layer thickness regulating means 43 that forms a constant developer layer on the developer carrier 42, and is provided in contact with the developer carrier 42. Developer supplying means 44 for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member 42, a stirring member 45 disposed behind the developer supplying means 44, and the like.
[0017]
The developer carrier 42 has a configuration in which an elastic intermediate layer 42b is formed around a central axis 42a made of a conductive rigid body such as stainless steel, and an elastic surface layer 42c is formed on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer. Rotate clockwise.
[0018]
Further, the elastic intermediate layer 42b and the elastic surface layer 42c are formed of a two-layered elastic body made of silicon rubber having different properties such as a volume resistance value. In addition to silicon rubber, the elastic intermediate layer 42b is made of an elastic material such as NBR rubber (acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer rubber) or urethane rubber, and the elastic surface layer 42c is also an elastic material such as urethane rubber. It may be formed by.
[0019]
The developer carrier 42 is not limited to the two-layer structure as described above, and may be a single layer or a structure of three or more layers. The specific resistance of the developer carrier 42 is preferably in the range of 10 5 to 10 8 Ω · cm, and the rubber hardness is preferably in the range of about 20 to 30 degrees.
[0020]
The central shaft 42a of the developer carrier 42 is connected to a power source 46 (46a, 46b). There are two power sources 46, one that applies a predetermined voltage when a developer image is formed on the image carrier, and one that applies a predetermined voltage when a developer image is not formed on the image carrier. The switching means 47 (47a, 47b) switches the voltage applied to the developer carrier 42 at a certain timing.
[0021]
In the embodiment, the voltage applied to the developer carrier 42 is set to be applied from −100 V to −300 V when a developer image is formed on the image carrier. The voltage of the developer carrier 42 is desirably about −250V. Further, when a developer image is not formed on the image carrier, the voltage applied to the developer carrier 42 is set to be + 300V to + 750V. The voltage of the developer carrier 42 is preferably about + 350V.
[0022]
The developer supply means 44 is disposed extending in parallel with the axis of the developer carrier 42 and is in contact with the developer carrier 42 over substantially the entire length. Further, the developer supply means 44 is made of, for example, a urethane rubber foam mixed with fine carbon powder, and rotates counterclockwise while contacting the developer carrier 42 with a predetermined pressure.
[0023]
A central shaft 44a of the developer supply means 44 is connected to a power source 48 (48a, 48b). The power supply 48 applies a predetermined voltage when a developer image is formed on the image carrier, similarly to the developer carrier 42, and applies a predetermined voltage when a developer image is not formed on the image carrier. The voltage applied to the developer carrier 42 is switched at a certain timing by the switching means 49 (49a, 49b).
[0024]
In the embodiment, the voltage applied to the developer supply unit 44 is set to be applied from −500 V to −900 V when a developer image is formed on the image carrier. The voltage of the developer supply means 44 is desirably about −750V . Further, when a developer image is not formed on the image carrier, the voltage applied to the developer supply means 44 is set to be + 10V to + 500V. The voltage of the developer supply means 44 is preferably about + 500V.
[0025]
The stirring member 45 is provided behind the developer supply means 44, and has a central shaft 45a extending in the same direction as the axis of the developer carrier 42, and stirring blades 45b provided on the central shaft 45a at a plurality of axial positions. The stirring blade 45b rotates in the clockwise direction.
[0026]
The layer thickness regulating means 43 regulates the layer thickness of the developer supplied in a layer form on the developer carrier 42 by the developer supply means 44. The layer thickness regulating means 43 has been filed on June 13, 1999 (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-233236). The developer carrier 42 is viewed from the rotational direction of the developer carrier 42. And a conductive or semiconductive rotatable roller body disposed upstream of the contact portion between the image carrier 1 and rotating counterclockwise. An elastic blade 8 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the layer thickness regulating means 43 so that the tip is in contact therewith.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the layer thickness regulating means 43 includes a central portion 43a and end portions 43b on both ends of the central portion 43a. The central portion 43a and each end portion 43b are configured to be electrically insulated. The central portion 43a and the end portions 43b are connected to power sources 50 and 52, respectively, and different voltages are applied thereto.
[0028]
Further, there are two power supplies 50 (50a, 50b) connected to the central portion 43a and the respective end portions 43b, one of which applies a predetermined voltage when forming a developer image on the image carrier. One type applies a predetermined voltage when a developer image is not formed on the image carrier. These different power sources are switched by the switching means 51 at a certain timing, respectively.
[0029]
In particular, the voltage applied to both ends 43b is always set higher than the voltage applied to the developer carrier 42. As a result, when there is a developer at the end of the developer carrier 42, the developer always moves to the surfaces on both ends when the developer carrier 42 contacts the layer thickness regulating means 43. Become. As a result, portions that are not covered with the developer are formed on both sides of the developer carrier 42, and the developer is prevented from leaking from both ends of the developer carrier 42 to the image carrier 1 side.
[0030]
In the embodiment, when a developer image is formed on the image carrier, the voltage applied to the layer thickness regulating means 43 is set to be applied from −250 V to −350 V at the central portion 43a, and the developer is applied to the image carrier. When an image is not formed, the voltage is set to be applied from + 250V to + 450V. The voltage of the central portion 43a when the developer image is formed on the image carrier is preferably about -350V, and the voltage of the central portion 43a when the developer image is not formed on the image carrier is preferably about + 350V. .
[0031]
Further, each end 43b is set to apply a voltage having a polarity opposite to that applied to the central portion 43a when a developer image is formed on the image carrier, and the developer image is applied to the image carrier. When the voltage is not formed, the voltage is set higher than the voltage applied to the developer carrier 42. It is desirable that the voltage at the end 43b when the developer image is formed on the image carrier is about + 115V, and the voltage at the end 43b when the developer image is not formed on the image carrier is about + 470V.
[0032]
With such a configuration, the developing device 4 supplies the developer to the surface of the image carrier 1 such that the thin layer formed on the developer carrier 42 is pressed against the image carrier 1, and The formed electrostatic latent image is reversely developed to form a developer image.
[0033]
The transfer device 5 transfers the developer image formed on the image carrier 1 to a sheet, and includes a transfer corona discharger 51 that discharges a corona having a polarity opposite to the charged polarity of the developer, and an AC separation corona. A separate corona discharger 52 for discharging. The corona discharger performs corona discharge having a polarity opposite to that of the developer image from the back surface of the conveyed sheet, and electrostatically adsorbs the developer image on the image carrier 1 to the sheet side to perform transfer. The separation corona discharger 52 separates the sheet on which the developer image has been transferred from the image carrier 1. The separated sheet passes through a fixing device (not shown) and is discharged to the outside as a permanent image.
[0034]
The static eliminator 7 removes the electric charge remaining on the surface of the image carrier 1 and uniformly irradiates a predetermined amount of light in the longitudinal direction of the image carrier 1 from an eraser lamp or the like to remain on the image carrier 1. The charge is neutralized.
[0035]
The collection device 6 is disposed between the charge removal device 7 and the charging device 2, and electrostatically adsorbs the developer that cannot be completely transferred by the transfer device 5 and remains on the image carrier 1. Is to be collected temporarily.
[0036]
The recovery device 6 was filed on June 13, 2001 by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-178335) and is close to the image carrier 1 over the entire width in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, they are provided in contact with each other and are provided so as to be rotatable in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the image carrier 1.
[0037]
Further, the recovery device 6 switches the developer by switching the voltage applied to the recovery device 6 at a predetermined timing when the developer image is formed on the image carrier and when the developer image is not formed on the image carrier. Recovery and reattachment to the image carrier 1 are performed.
[0038]
Next, the movement of the present embodiment will be described. When a developer image is formed on the image carrier, specifically, when the developer image developed on the image carrier 1 is transferred to a sheet, each switching means (47, 49, 51) supports the developer. The body 42 is set to apply a voltage of −250 V, the developer supply means 44 to −750 V, the central portion 43 a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 to −350 V, and the end 43 b of the layer thickness regulating means 43 to +115 V.
[0039]
Under this voltage setting, the developer supply means 44 rotates and conveys the developer to the developer carrier 42 side. When the developer is transported to a position where the developer supply means 44 and the developer carrier 42 are close to each other, the developer moves from the developer supply means 44 having a low potential to the developer carrier 42 having a high potential. The developer that has moved to the developer carrier is conveyed toward the layer thickness regulating means 43 by the rotation of the developer carrier.
[0040]
The layer thickness regulating means 43 is in pressure contact with the developer carrier 42, and the developer carrier 42 and the layer thickness regulating means 43 are rotated in alternate directions so as to rub against each other at the contact point. In this state, the developer conveyed by the developer carrier 42 is regulated by the layer thickness regulating means 43 to an amount that can pass between the layer thickness regulating means 43 and the developer carrier 42. The developer that cannot pass through this interval is conveyed to the developing container 41 side by the layer thickness regulating means 43.
[0041]
In particular, the center of the layer thickness regulating means 43 is arranged so that the developer that has passed between the central portion 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 and the developer carrier 42 is reliably attached to the developer carrier 42 side. The voltage of the portion 43a is set lower than the voltage of the developer carrier 42. As a result, a thin and uniform developer layer is formed on the developer carrier 42 that has passed through the contact with the central portion 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43.
[0042]
Most of the developer conveyed into the developing container 41 by the layer thickness regulating means 43 adheres to the surface of the layer thickness regulating means 43. This developer is scraped off by the blade 8 in contact with the layer thickness regulating means 43 and returned to the developing container 41.
[0043]
Further, a voltage having a polarity opposite to that applied to the developer carrier 42 is applied to both end portions 43b of the layer thickness regulating means 43, and adheres to the end 43b side surface or both end portion 43b side surfaces of the developer carrier 42. The developed developer is moved to the end portion 43b or both end portions 43b of the layer thickness regulating means 43.
[0044]
As a result, portions that are not covered with the developer are formed on the surfaces on both ends of the developer carrier 42, and the developer spills out of the developing device 4 from the end 43 b or both ends 43 b of the developer carrier 42. Can be prevented.
[0045]
The developer carrying body 42 on which a thin and uniform developer layer is formed comes into contact with the surface of the image carrying body 1 on which the electrostatic latent image is formed through the charging and exposure processes described above, whereby the image carrying body 1. A developer image is formed thereon. This developer image is transferred onto the sheet, and an image is formed on the sheet. The developer remaining on the image carrier 1 without being transferred to the sheet is recovered by the recovery device 6 after being neutralized. Thereafter, charging is performed again, and the next image formation is performed.
[0046]
Note that even if there is a developer that has not been collected, it becomes so small that it does not adversely affect the quality of the next image formation, and this developer adheres to the developer carrier 42 during the next image formation. And collected in the developing container 41. As a result, when the next developer image is formed, the remaining developer is not on the surface of the image carrier 1, and stable image formation can be performed.
[0047]
Next, when the developer image is not formed on the image carrier, specifically, when the image formation is completed and the apparatus is stopped or idling, the apparatus is stopped due to a jam or the like, and the image formation is resumed. This is the time to switch the sheet supply source when outputting a sheet of a predetermined size.
[0048]
At this time, by each switching means (47, 49, 51), the developer carrier 42 is + 350V, the developer supply means 44 is + 500V, the central portion 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 is + 350V and the end of the layer thickness regulating means 43. The unit 43b is set to apply a voltage of + 470V.
[0049]
Further, the voltage to be applied is switched so that the collected developer adheres to the image carrier 1. This switching makes the potential of the recovery device 6 lower than the potential of the image carrier 1. As a result, the developer collected in the collecting device 6 moves to the image carrier 1 side and is conveyed to the developing device 4 side until it contacts the developer carrier 42 of the developing device 4.
[0050]
In this state, in the developing device 4, the potential of the developer supply means 44 is higher than the potential of the developer carrier 42, so that the supply of the developer in the developer container 41 is suppressed. Further, when the developer moved from the collection device 6 to the image carrier 1 comes into contact with the developer carrier 42 of the developing device 4, the developer moves to the developer carrier 42.
[0051]
Further, since the potential of the developer carrier 42 and the potential of the central portion 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 are the same, the developer moved from the image carrier 1 to the developer carrier 42 via the recovery device 6 and The developer originally on the developer carrier 42 does not forcibly move to the developer carrier 42 when it passes through the central portion 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 and the developer carrier 42. As a result, when performing image formation, it is possible to form a developer layer on the developer carrier 42 that does not cause density unevenness in the image. The developer adhering to the central portion 43 a of the layer thickness regulating means 43 is scraped off by the blade 8 and returned to the developing container 41.
[0052]
At this time, the potential of each end 43b of the layer thickness regulating means 43 is higher than the potential of the developer carrier 42 and the potential of the central part 43a of the layer thickness regulating means 43. A portion that is not covered with the developer is formed on the surfaces on both ends of the developer carrier 42, and the developer is prevented from spilling out of the developing device 4 from the end 43 b or both ends 43 b of the developer carrier. Can do.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the developer layer formed on the developer carrier is formed into a constant layer during idling of the apparatus when the developer image is not formed on the image carrier. The problem of density unevenness that adversely affects quality can be solved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of a layer thickness regulating means applied to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Image carrier 8 Blade 42 Developer carrier 43 Layer thickness regulation means 44 Developer supply means

Claims (1)

像担持体の帯電極性と同極性の現像剤を担持して、前記像担持体に現像剤像を形成するとともに前記像担持体上に残留した現像剤を回収する現像剤担持体と、前記現像剤担持体に前記現像剤を供給する現像剤供給手段と、前記現像剤担持体上に前記現像剤の層を形成する層厚規制手段とを有し、
前記層厚規制手段は、中央部と該中央部の両端側に該中央部とは電気的に絶縁された端部とから形成された導電性ローラ体からなり、
前記像担持体に前記現像剤像を形成する時には、転写後に前記像担持体上に残留した前記現像剤を前記現像剤担持体上に回収させるとともに、前記現像剤供給手段から供給された現像剤を前記像担持体上に薄層の現像剤像を形成するように、前記現像剤担持体、前記層厚規制手段の中央部および前記現像剤供給手段の各印加する電圧を前記像担持体の帯電極性と同極性に設定し、且つ前記層厚規制手段の端部に印加する電圧を、前記現像剤担持体、前記層厚規制手段の中央部および前記現像剤供給手段の各印加する電圧の極性と逆極性に設定し、
前記像担持体に前記現像剤像を形成しない時には、前記現像剤供給手段からの現像剤の供給を抑制するとともに、前記層厚規制手段により、前記現像剤担持体に回収された現像剤および前記現像剤担持体上の現像剤を、画像形成を行うのに適した層となるように、前記現像剤担持体、前記現像剤供給手段および前記層厚規制手段の電圧の極性を前記像担持体の帯電極性と逆極性に設定するとともに、前記層厚規制手段の前記端部の電圧を前記現像剤担持体に印加された電圧よりも高く設定し、且つ前記層厚規制手段の中央部の電圧を前記現像剤担持体の電圧と同電位となるように設定することを特徴とする現像装置。
A developer carrier that carries a developer having the same polarity as the charged polarity of the image carrier, forms a developer image on the image carrier, and collects the developer remaining on the image carrier; and the development Developer supply means for supplying the developer to the developer carrier, and layer thickness regulating means for forming a layer of the developer on the developer carrier,
The layer thickness regulating means is composed of a conductive roller body formed of a central portion and end portions electrically insulated from the central portion at both ends of the central portion,
When forming the developer image on the image carrier, the developer remaining on the image carrier after the transfer is collected on the developer carrier and the developer supplied from the developer supply means In order to form a thin layer developer image on the image carrier, the voltage applied to each of the developer carrier, the central portion of the layer thickness regulating means and the developer supply means is applied to the image carrier. The voltage applied to the end of the layer thickness regulating means is set to the same polarity as the charging polarity, and the voltage applied to each of the developer carrier, the central portion of the layer thickness regulating means and the developer supplying means Set polarity to reverse polarity,
When the developer image is not formed on the image carrier, the supply of the developer from the developer supply unit is suppressed, and the developer recovered on the developer carrier by the layer thickness regulating unit and the developer The polarity of the voltages of the developer carrier, the developer supply means, and the layer thickness regulating means is set so that the developer on the developer carrier becomes a layer suitable for image formation. The voltage at the end of the layer thickness regulating means is set higher than the voltage applied to the developer carrying member, and the voltage at the center of the layer thickness regulating means Is set to have the same potential as the voltage of the developer carrying member .
JP2003017459A 2003-01-27 2003-01-27 Development device Expired - Fee Related JP3875640B2 (en)

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JP4764667B2 (en) * 2005-06-23 2011-09-07 株式会社リコー Developing device, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge

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