JP3869533B2 - Liquid distributor for material and / or heat exchange tower - Google Patents

Liquid distributor for material and / or heat exchange tower Download PDF

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JP3869533B2
JP3869533B2 JP24398397A JP24398397A JP3869533B2 JP 3869533 B2 JP3869533 B2 JP 3869533B2 JP 24398397 A JP24398397 A JP 24398397A JP 24398397 A JP24398397 A JP 24398397A JP 3869533 B2 JP3869533 B2 JP 3869533B2
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豊 前田
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菱化フォワード株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液体と気体とを互いに向流させて接触させる物質及び/又は熱交換塔において、塔の内部に充填する構造物、所謂充填材の上に均一に液体を分配する為に用いる液体分配装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、物質及び/又は熱交換塔で使用される液体分配装置には多くの種類があり、その分配方法も多様であるが、その殆どが、液体を上方から流下させ、それを水平方向に分配した後、更に下方に流下させるタイプのものである。液体流を水平方向に分配させた後に下方に流下させる方法としては、塔断面に平行に複数の液分配管を配置し、分配管の下部に間隔をおいてノズル孔を形成して該ノズル孔から液体を流下させるという方法がある。また、分配管の上部に間隔をおいてノズル孔を設けて、該ノズル孔から液を溢流させるという方法もある。また、他の分配方法として、塔断面に平行に複数のU字形の分配トラフを配置し、該トラフによって液体を横方向に分配した後、トラフの上端に設けられたノッチから液体を溢流させる方法がある。最近では、複数の液分配管を配置し、分配管の上部に間隔をおいてノズル孔を設けて、該ノズル孔から液を溢流させるという方法が、各ノズル孔からの液流出量を均一にできるので、多く採用されている。
【0003】
液分配管によって液体を横方向に分配するタイプの従来の液体分配装置の一例を図11に示す。図11aに示されているように、液体分配装置は、垂直方向に伸長する縦管1、該縦管の下端部に接続され水平方向に伸長する主管2、及び該主管から分岐して主管と交差する方向に伸長する複数の分配管3とから構成されている。それぞれの分配管3の頂部には、ノズル孔5が形成されている。分配される液体は、まず縦管1の中を下方に向けて流れ、次に主管2の中を水平方向に流れ、各分配管3に分岐されて、各分配管の頂部に形成されたノズル孔5から溢流して、下方に配置されている充填材(図示せず)上に流下する。このような分配装置においては、主管の下方部にも液を流下させるために、主管の底部に複数の開口4が形成されているのが通常的である。
【0004】
しかしながら、このような従来の液体分配装置においては、以下に説明するように液の均一分配という点で問題がある。上述したように、液体分配装置においては、主管の下方にも液を分配させるために、主管の底部にも開口を形成することが通常的に行われている。一方、分配管は、一般に主管の側壁に取り付けられるため、分配管の頂部に形成したノズル孔は、主管底部から上下方向においてある程度の高さを有することになる。したがって、分配管に形成したノズル孔と主管底面に形成した開口とが、異なる高さを有する、即ち主管底面の開口の方がより低い位置に配置されることになる。かかるタイプの液体分配装置においては、各ノズル孔及び開口から流出する液体の液量は、縦管及び主管の中に溜まる液体の水頭並びに孔及び開口の数及び径によって決定される。しかしながら、交換塔の運転においては、上部から供給される液流の量は変化するのが通常であり、この液流量の変化によって液体分配装置内における液体の水頭も変化するが、ある液流量において分配管のノズル孔と主管底部の開口とからの液流出量を均一にするようにそれぞれの孔及び開口の数及び径を決定すると、液流量が変動して水頭が変動すると、それぞれの孔及び開口からの液流出量が不均一になるという事態が生じる。
【0005】
この点について以下に説明する。液が流出する孔又は開口の面積をa、水頭をhとすると、孔又は開口から流出する液流量xは以下の式で表される。
【0006】
【式1】

Figure 0003869533
ここで、gは重力加速度である。例えば、分配管のノズル孔5と主管底部の開口4との高低差が100mmである場合、分配管ノズル孔よりも10mm高い水頭で液体分配装置を運転すると、分配管ノズル孔5(水頭10mm)からの液流出量xと主管底部の開口4(水頭110mm)からの液流出量x’とを均一にする(即ちx=x’とする)ためには、分配管ノズル孔5の合計面積aと主管底部の開口4の合計面積a’との関係は次のようになる。
【0007】
【式2】
Figure 0003869533
よって、上記の水頭条件下で分配管から流出する液量と主管底部から流出する液量とを均一にするためには、分配管ノズル孔5及び主管底部の開口4のそれぞれの合計面積の比が3.31:1となるようにノズル孔5及び開口4の数及び径を定めればよい。
【0008】
しかしながら、液量の変動により、運転条件が分配管ノズル孔5より200mmの水頭となったとすると、主管底部の開口における水頭は300mmとなるので、分配管ノズル孔からの液流出量xと主管底部の開口からの液流出量x’との関係は、次のようになる。
【0009】
【式3】
Figure 0003869533
よって、液流出量の比は、分配管ノズル孔5からが207に対して主管底部の開口4からは76.7となり、このため主管底部の開口4からは十分な液体の流下が得られなくなり、したがって、交換塔の横断面全体にわたる均一な液の分配が不十分になるのである。即ち、ある水頭条件において主管からの液流出量と分配管からの液流出量とを均一にするようにそれぞれの開口の数及び径を定めても、運転中に液量が変化すると、その均一性が失われるという問題があった。このような問題は、分配管の代わりに分配トラフを用いて分配トラフのノッチから液を溢流させる形態の液体分配装置においても同様に起こる。
【0010】
本発明者は、かかる従来の液体分配装置における問題点を解決して、液量が変動しても、主管及び分配管から均一に液を流下させることのできる液体分配装置を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、主管又は主トラフの内部底面に開口を形成し、該開口に管状部材を略直立させて接続し、該管状部材の、分配管のノズル孔又は分配トラフのノッチと同じレベルの位置に開口又はノッチを形成することにより、主管からの液流出口及び分配管からの液流出口のレベルを同一にして、主管からの液流出口における液の水頭と分配管からの液流出口における液の水頭とを同一にすることによって、液流量の変動によって水頭が変化することにより液流出量が不均一になるという問題を解決することができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0011】
即ち、本発明の第1の態様は、物質及び/又は熱交換塔の塔内に当該塔の横断面に沿って配置された管又はトラフを介して当該塔の横断面部分にわたって被処理液体を分配供給する液体分配装置であって、水平方向に伸長する管状の主管又は上部が開放された主トラフと、該主管又は主トラフと交差する方向に伸長する管状の分配管とから構成されており、該分配管には、主管又は主トラフの底面よりも上方に位置する部分に1以上の開口が形成されており、また、主管又は主トラフの内側底部には1以上の開口が形成されて、この開口に上端が閉止された管状部材が略直立して取り付けられており、該管状部材の上端面又は側面には開口が形成されていて、該分配管の開口と該管状部材の開口とが、上下方向において同一のレベルに配置されるように形成されていることを特徴とする液体分配装置に関する。
【0012】
以下、本発明に係る液体分配装置を図面を参照しながら説明する。
【0013】
図1は、本発明の一態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。図1aは装置の斜視図であり、図1bは断面図である。本発明に係る液体分配装置の全体構成は、図11に示すような従来の液体分配装置と同様に、縦管、主管及び分配管から構成されるようにすることができ、図1に示す本発明の態様においては、主管12の底面の少なくとも一つの開口18を形成し、その開口に、片端が閉止された管状部材16が、閉止された端部が上になるように略直立させて取り付けられている。図1に示す態様においては、管状部材16の上端面内に開口17が形成されている。該態様においては、分配管13の上端面にノズル孔15を形成すると共に、管状部材の上端面と分配管の上端面とが上下方向において同一レベルになるように、管状部材の取り付け長さを決定する(図1b参照)。
【0014】
かかる液体分配装置を運転する際の液の流れについて説明すると、縦管11かを流下する液体は、主管12内を横方向に流れながら、主管内に溜まる。次に、それぞれの分配管13に液流を分枝させながら、主管内に溜まっていき、分配管内を満たすと、分配管の上端に形成されたノズル孔15から溢流して、下方に流下する。同時に、主管底面に取り付けられた直立管状部材16の上端面に形成された開口17からも液が流下する。このように、主管内の液流出口(管状部材の開口17)と、分配管の液流出口(ノズル孔15)とが、同一レベルに形成されているので、ある水頭条件において、主管底部に取り付けられた管状部材の開口17から流出する液の量と分配管のノズル孔15から流出する液の量とが同等になるように、開口17及びノズル孔15の数及び大きさを決定すれば、交換塔の運転中に液流量が変動して水頭が変化しても、両者の液流出口の水頭は互いに同等な状態を保持し、したがって、両者から流出する液量は均一な状態を保つのである。よって、主管下方に流下する液と分配管下方に流下する液とが液流量の変動によって不均一になるという事態を回避することができ、どのような液量条件においても、交換塔の横断面全体に亙って、均一な液体の分配が達成される。
【0015】
なお、図2に示すように、主管12の代わりに、上面が開放された主トラフ22を用いた液体分配装置においても、本発明を適用することができる。また、本発明の液体分配装置においては、縦管は、必須の構成要件ではなく、例えば、上方から飛散するする液流を主トラフで直接受ける構成のものや、液を主管又は主トラフの横方向から流入させる構成のものを採用することができる。
【0016】
主管又は主トラフの底部に直立させて配置する管状部材に形成する開口17は、図3に示すように二つ以上形成してもよい。また、開口を形成する位置は、管状部材の上端面に限られず、図4に示すように、管状部材の側壁に形成してもよい。但し、いずれの場合においても、管状部材に形成する開口17は、分配管に形成するノズル孔15と、上下関係において同一のレベルに配置されるようにしなければならない。なお、図4に示すように管状部材16の側壁に開口17を形成する場合、開口から管状部材上端面までの高さ及び/又は開口の大きさが十分であって、液体処理流量の最大時においても、主管又は主トラフ内部に溜まる液のレベルが管状部材16の上端面までは達しないようになっている場合には、管状部材16の上端部を閉止する必要はなく、開放されていても何ら差し支えないことは当業者には容易に理解できる。よって、かかる態様も本発明の範囲内に含まれると理解すべきである。また、図5に示すように、管状部材16の上端部に形成する開口を覆うように網状部材19を配置して、開口を通って流下する液体の流れをスムーズにすることができる。
【0017】
また、図6に示すように、主管又は主トラフ内に直立させる管状部材として、両端が開放された管状部材26を用い、直立させた際の上端部にノッチ27を形成して、該ノッチから液が下方に溢流するようにしてもよい。更に、同様に図6に示すように、分配管の代わりに、上部が開放された分配トラフ23を配置し、トラフの上端に1個以上のノッチ25を形成し、このノッチから液が溢流するようにしてもよい。この場合には、ノッチの切れ込みの最下部のレベルを合わせることにより、水頭を同等にする。図に示した態様以外の他の種々の組合せ、例えば、主管内部に図1に示すような片端を閉止して開口を形成した管状部材を配置すると共に、分配管の代わりに図6に示すような分配トラフを配置したり、或いは主管内部に図6に示すような両端を開放して上端にノッチを形成した管状部材をすると共に、分配管として図1に示すようなノズル孔を形成した管部材を用いる等の構成は、本発明の範囲内において適宜採用することができることは当業者には明らかである。
【0018】
なお、図1〜図6に示す態様は、いずれも、主管又は主トラフ底部に直立して取り付ける管状部材と、主管又は主トラフの側壁に取り付ける分配管又は分配トラフとが、主管又は主トラフの軸方向に沿って互い違いに配置されるように構成されているが、管状部材と分配管又はトラフとが、主管又は主トラフの軸方向に沿って同じ位置に配置されるように構成してもよい。この場合には、主管又は主トラフの両側壁にそれぞれ分配管又は分配トラフを取り付けてもよいが、図7或いは図8に示すように、主管12又は主トラフ22を貫通するように1本の分配管33又は分配トラフ34を取り付けて、分配管又は分配トラフの、管状部材16又は26が配置される箇所を切除して空間35又は36を形成し、この空間に管状部材16又は26を挿入するように取り付けることもできる。このような構成を採用すると、主管又は主トラフの両サイドに伸長する分配管又は分配トラフ同士の水平度やレベルを合わせることが容易になるため、液体分配装置の組み立て作業が簡単になる。
【0019】
また、他の態様として、主管又は主トラフの底部の管状部材を取り付けた開口18の位置に液体受け板部材41を配置することができる。このように液体受け板部材41を配置すると、管状部材を通って主管又は主トラフ底部の開口18から流下する液が受け板部材41にあたって、受け板部材の表面上で拡散して流下するので、液体の更なる拡散を図ることができる。
【0020】
なお、図10に示すように、主管又は主トラフ内に、管状部材16を、横に並列させて、即ち主管又は主トラフの軸方向に交差した方向に複数本並列させて配置することもできる。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明に係る液体分配装置は、主管又は主トラフからの液体流出口と、分配管又は分配トラフからの液体流出口とが、上下方向において同じレベルに配置されているので、交換塔の運転中に液流量が変動することによって水頭が変動して、主管又は主トラフからの液流出量と、分配管又は分配トラフからの液流出量とが不均一になるという従来の液体分配装置の問題点を解決するものである。本発明の液体分配装置によれば、ある水頭条件において、主管又は主トラフからの液流量と、分配管又は分配トラフからの液流量とが均一になるようにそれぞれの液流出口の数及び大きさを決定すれば、交換塔の運転中に液流量の変動があっても、均一な液流出量を保持することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。図1aは係る装置の斜視図であり、図1bは断面図である。
【図2】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図3】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図4】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図6】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図7】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図8】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図9】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図10】本発明の他の態様に係る液体分配装置を示す図である。
【図11】従来の液体分配装置を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
10 液体分配装置
11 縦管
12 主管
22 主トラフ
13,33 分配管
23,34 分配トラフ
15 分配管ノズル孔
25 分配トラフノッチ
16,26 管状部材
17 管状部材開口
27 管状部材ノッチ
18 主管底部開口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a substance for bringing a liquid and a gas into contact with each other and / or a heat exchange tower, and a liquid used for uniformly distributing the liquid on a structure packed inside the tower, a so-called packing material. It relates to a distribution device.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, there are many types of liquid distributors used in materials and / or heat exchange towers, and there are various ways of distributing them. Most of them distribute liquid from above and distribute it horizontally. After that, it is of a type that flows down further. As a method of distributing the liquid flow in the horizontal direction and then flowing downward, a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged in parallel to the tower cross section, and nozzle holes are formed at intervals in the lower part of the distribution pipes. There is a method of flowing down the liquid. There is also a method in which a nozzle hole is provided at an upper portion of the distribution pipe and the liquid overflows from the nozzle hole. As another distribution method, a plurality of U-shaped distribution troughs are arranged in parallel to the cross section of the tower, and after the liquid is distributed laterally by the troughs, the liquid overflows from a notch provided at the upper end of the trough. There is a way. Recently, a method in which a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged, nozzle holes are provided at intervals above the distribution pipes, and the liquid overflows from the nozzle holes, so that the amount of liquid outflow from each nozzle hole is uniform. As it can be used, it has been adopted a lot.
[0003]
FIG. 11 shows an example of a conventional liquid distribution apparatus of the type that distributes liquid in the lateral direction by means of a liquid distribution pipe. As shown in FIG. 11a, the liquid distributor includes a vertical pipe 1 extending in the vertical direction, a main pipe 2 connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe and extending in the horizontal direction, and a main pipe branched from the main pipe. It consists of a plurality of distribution pipes 3 extending in the intersecting direction. A nozzle hole 5 is formed at the top of each distribution pipe 3. The liquid to be distributed first flows downward in the vertical pipe 1, then flows in the main pipe 2 in the horizontal direction, branches to each distribution pipe 3, and a nozzle formed at the top of each distribution pipe It overflows from the hole 5 and flows down onto a filler (not shown) disposed below. In such a distributor, it is usual that a plurality of openings 4 are formed at the bottom of the main pipe so that the liquid also flows down to the lower part of the main pipe.
[0004]
However, such a conventional liquid dispensing apparatus has a problem in terms of uniform liquid distribution as described below. As described above, in the liquid distributor, it is common practice to form an opening at the bottom of the main pipe in order to distribute the liquid also below the main pipe. On the other hand, since the distribution pipe is generally attached to the side wall of the main pipe, the nozzle hole formed at the top of the distribution pipe has a certain height in the vertical direction from the bottom of the main pipe. Therefore, the nozzle hole formed in the distribution pipe and the opening formed in the bottom face of the main pipe have different heights, that is, the opening of the bottom face of the main pipe is arranged at a lower position. In this type of liquid distributor, the amount of liquid flowing out from each nozzle hole and opening is determined by the number of liquid heads and the number and diameter of the holes and openings that accumulate in the longitudinal and main pipes. However, in the operation of the exchange tower, the amount of the liquid flow supplied from the upper part is usually changed, and the change of the liquid flow rate also changes the liquid head in the liquid distributor, but at a certain liquid flow rate. When the number and diameter of each hole and opening are determined so that the liquid outflow from the nozzle hole of the distribution pipe and the opening at the bottom of the main pipe is uniform, if the liquid flow rate fluctuates and the water head fluctuates, each hole and A situation occurs in which the amount of liquid flowing out from the opening becomes uneven.
[0005]
This will be described below. If the area of the hole or opening through which the liquid flows out is a and the head of the liquid is h, the liquid flow rate x flowing out from the hole or opening is expressed by the following equation.
[0006]
[Formula 1]
Figure 0003869533
Here, g is a gravitational acceleration. For example, when the height difference between the nozzle hole 5 of the distribution pipe and the opening 4 at the bottom of the main pipe is 100 mm, the liquid distribution device is operated with a water head 10 mm higher than the distribution nozzle hole, and the distribution pipe nozzle hole 5 (water head 10 mm) In order to make the liquid outflow amount x from the liquid and the liquid outflow amount x ′ from the opening 4 (water head 110 mm) at the bottom of the main pipe uniform (that is, x = x ′), the total area a of the distribution pipe nozzle holes 5 And the total area a ′ of the opening 4 at the bottom of the main pipe is as follows.
[0007]
[Formula 2]
Figure 0003869533
Therefore, in order to make the amount of liquid flowing out from the distribution pipe and the amount of liquid flowing out from the bottom of the main pipe under the above water head conditions, the ratio of the total area of each of the distribution pipe nozzle hole 5 and the opening 4 at the bottom of the main pipe The number and the diameter of the nozzle holes 5 and the openings 4 may be determined so that becomes 3.31: 1.
[0008]
However, if the operating condition becomes a water head of 200 mm from the distribution pipe nozzle hole 5 due to the fluctuation of the liquid volume, the water head at the opening of the main pipe bottom part is 300 mm, so the liquid outflow amount x from the distribution pipe nozzle hole and the main pipe bottom part The relationship with the liquid outflow amount x ′ from the opening is as follows.
[0009]
[Formula 3]
Figure 0003869533
Accordingly, the ratio of the liquid outflow amount is 76.7 from the opening 4 at the bottom of the main pipe with respect to 207 from the distribution nozzle hole 5, so that a sufficient liquid flow cannot be obtained from the opening 4 at the bottom of the main pipe. Thus, the uniform liquid distribution over the entire cross section of the exchange column is insufficient. In other words, even if the number and diameter of each opening are determined so that the liquid outflow from the main pipe and the liquid outflow from the distribution pipe are uniform under certain head conditions, if the liquid amount changes during operation, the uniform There was a problem of loss of sex. Such a problem also occurs in a liquid distribution apparatus that uses a distribution trough instead of a distribution pipe to overflow the liquid from the notch of the distribution trough.
[0010]
The present inventor has eagerly studied to solve the problems in the conventional liquid distribution apparatus and to develop a liquid distribution apparatus capable of flowing the liquid uniformly from the main pipe and the distribution pipe even if the liquid amount fluctuates. As a result, an opening is formed in the inner bottom surface of the main pipe or the main trough, and a tubular member is connected to the opening in a substantially upright manner, and the same level as the nozzle hole of the distribution pipe or the notch of the distribution trough of the tubular member. By forming an opening or notch at the position, the level of the liquid outlet from the main pipe and the level of the liquid outlet from the distribution pipe are the same, and the liquid head at the liquid outlet from the main pipe and the liquid outlet from the distribution pipe By making the liquid head of the liquid the same, it was found that the problem of non-uniform liquid outflow due to the change of the water head due to fluctuations in the liquid flow rate could be solved, and the present invention was completed. .
[0011]
That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid to be treated is distributed over the cross section of the column through a tube or trough arranged along the cross section of the substance and / or heat exchange column in the column. A liquid dispensing apparatus for dispensing and supplying, comprising a tubular main pipe extending in the horizontal direction or a main trough having an open top, and a tubular distribution pipe extending in a direction intersecting the main pipe or the main trough. In the distribution pipe, one or more openings are formed in a portion located above the bottom surface of the main pipe or the main trough, and one or more openings are formed in the inner bottom portion of the main pipe or the main trough. A tubular member having an upper end closed is attached to the opening substantially upright, and an opening is formed on an upper end surface or a side surface of the tubular member. The opening of the distribution pipe and the opening of the tubular member Are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction. It relates to a liquid dispensing apparatus characterized in that it is formed so that.
[0012]
Hereinafter, a liquid dispensing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a liquid dispensing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1a is a perspective view of the apparatus, and FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view. The overall configuration of the liquid distribution apparatus according to the present invention can be constituted by a vertical pipe, a main pipe and a distribution pipe as in the conventional liquid distribution apparatus as shown in FIG. In the aspect of the invention, at least one opening 18 on the bottom surface of the main pipe 12 is formed, and the tubular member 16 closed at one end is attached to the opening so that the closed end faces upward. It has been. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an opening 17 is formed in the upper end surface of the tubular member 16. In this embodiment, the nozzle hole 15 is formed in the upper end surface of the distribution pipe 13, and the attachment length of the tubular member is set so that the upper end surface of the tubular member and the upper end surface of the distribution pipe are at the same level in the vertical direction. Determine (see FIG. 1b).
[0014]
The flow of the liquid when operating such a liquid distributor will be described. The liquid flowing down the vertical pipe 11 accumulates in the main pipe while flowing in the main pipe 12 in the horizontal direction. Next, while branching the liquid flow to each distribution pipe 13, the liquid flow is accumulated in the main pipe. When the distribution pipe is filled, it overflows from the nozzle hole 15 formed at the upper end of the distribution pipe and flows downward. . At the same time, the liquid flows down from the opening 17 formed in the upper end surface of the upright tubular member 16 attached to the bottom surface of the main pipe. Thus, the liquid outlet (opening 17 of the tubular member) in the main pipe and the liquid outlet (nozzle hole 15) of the distribution pipe are formed at the same level. If the number and size of the openings 17 and the nozzle holes 15 are determined so that the amount of liquid flowing out from the opening 17 of the attached tubular member is equal to the amount of liquid flowing out from the nozzle hole 15 of the distribution pipe. Even if the liquid flow rate fluctuates during the operation of the exchange tower, the heads of both liquid outlets maintain the same state, and therefore the amount of liquid flowing out from both remains uniform. It is. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the liquid flowing down the main pipe and the liquid flowing down the distribution pipe become non-uniform due to fluctuations in the liquid flow rate, and the cross section of the exchange tower under any liquid amount condition A uniform liquid distribution is achieved throughout.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention can also be applied to a liquid distributor using a main trough 22 having an open upper surface instead of the main pipe 12. Further, in the liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention, the vertical pipe is not an essential constituent element. The thing of the structure made to flow in from a direction is employable.
[0016]
Two or more openings 17 formed in the tubular member arranged upright on the bottom of the main pipe or the main trough may be formed as shown in FIG. Moreover, the position where the opening is formed is not limited to the upper end surface of the tubular member, but may be formed on the side wall of the tubular member as shown in FIG. However, in any case, the opening 17 formed in the tubular member must be arranged at the same level as the nozzle hole 15 formed in the distribution pipe in the vertical relationship. When the opening 17 is formed on the side wall of the tubular member 16 as shown in FIG. 4, the height from the opening to the upper end surface of the tubular member and / or the size of the opening is sufficient, and the maximum liquid treatment flow rate is obtained. However, when the level of the liquid accumulated in the main pipe or the main trough does not reach the upper end surface of the tubular member 16, the upper end portion of the tubular member 16 does not need to be closed and is open. Those skilled in the art can easily understand that there is no problem. Therefore, it should be understood that such embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the mesh member 19 is disposed so as to cover the opening formed in the upper end portion of the tubular member 16, and the flow of the liquid flowing down through the opening can be made smooth.
[0017]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a tubular member 26 having both ends opened is used as a tubular member to be erected in the main pipe or the main trough, and a notch 27 is formed at the upper end when erected, and from the notch The liquid may overflow downward. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of the distribution pipe, a distribution trough 23 having an open top is arranged, and at least one notch 25 is formed at the upper end of the trough, and liquid overflows from this notch. You may make it do. In this case, the head is made equal by matching the lowest level of the notch cut. Various other combinations other than those shown in the figure, for example, a tubular member having an opening formed by closing one end as shown in FIG. 1 is arranged inside the main pipe, and as shown in FIG. 6 instead of the distribution pipe. A pipe having a distribution trough arranged therein or a tubular member having a notch formed at the upper end by opening both ends as shown in FIG. 6 and a nozzle hole as shown in FIG. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that configurations such as using members can be employed as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.
[0018]
In addition, as for the aspect shown in FIGS. 1-6, as for all, the tubular member attached upright to the main pipe or the main trough bottom part, and the distribution pipe or distribution trough attached to the side wall of the main pipe or the main trough are the main pipe or the main trough. Although it is configured to be alternately arranged along the axial direction, the tubular member and the distribution pipe or trough may be arranged at the same position along the axial direction of the main pipe or main trough. Good. In this case, distribution pipes or distribution troughs may be attached to both side walls of the main pipe or the main trough, respectively. However, as shown in FIG. The distribution pipe 33 or the distribution trough 34 is attached, and the place where the tubular member 16 or 26 is arranged on the distribution pipe or the distribution trough is cut to form a space 35 or 36, and the tubular member 16 or 26 is inserted into this space. It can also be attached. When such a configuration is adopted, it becomes easy to match the level and level of the distribution pipes or distribution troughs extending on both sides of the main pipe or the main trough, so that the assembly work of the liquid distribution apparatus is simplified.
[0019]
As another aspect, the liquid receiving plate member 41 can be disposed at the position of the opening 18 to which the tubular member at the bottom of the main pipe or the main trough is attached. When the liquid receiving plate member 41 is arranged in this way, the liquid flowing down from the opening 18 of the main pipe or the main trough bottom through the tubular member diffuses and flows down on the surface of the receiving plate member in the receiving plate member 41. Further diffusion of the liquid can be achieved.
[0020]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the tubular member 16 can also be arrange | positioned in the main pipe or the main trough in parallel in the side, ie, the multiple in parallel in the direction crossing the axial direction of the main pipe or the main trough. .
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the liquid distribution apparatus according to the present invention, the liquid outlet from the main pipe or main trough and the liquid outlet from the distribution pipe or distribution trough are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction. In the conventional method, the liquid head flow fluctuates due to fluctuations in the liquid flow rate during the operation of the exchange tower, and the liquid outflow amount from the main pipe or main trough and the liquid outflow amount from the distribution pipe or distribution trough become non-uniform. This solves the problems of the liquid distributor. According to the liquid distributor of the present invention, the number and size of the respective liquid outlets so that the liquid flow rate from the main pipe or the main trough and the liquid flow rate from the distribution pipe or the distribution trough are uniform under certain head conditions. If determined, even if the liquid flow rate fluctuates during operation of the exchange tower, a uniform liquid outflow amount can be maintained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 illustrates a liquid dispensing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1a is a perspective view of such a device and FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a liquid dispensing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a liquid distributor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a liquid distribution apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a view showing a conventional liquid distributor.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Liquid distribution apparatus 11 Vertical pipe 12 Main pipe 22 Main trough 13,33 Distribution pipe 23,34 Distribution trough 15 Distribution pipe nozzle hole 25 Distribution trough notch 16,26 Tubular member 17 Tubular member opening 27 Tubular member notch 18 Main pipe bottom part opening

Claims (5)

物質及び/又は熱交換塔の塔内に当該塔の横断面に沿って配置された管又はトラフを介して当該塔の横断面部分にわたって被処理液体を分配供給する液体分配装置であって、水平方向に伸長する管状の主管又は上部が開放された主トラフと、該主管又は主トラフと交差する方向に伸長する管状の分配管とから構成されており、該分配管には、主管又は主トラフの底面よりも上方に位置する部分に1以上の開口が形成されており、また、主管又は主トラフの内側底部には1以上の開口が形成されて、この開口に上端が閉止された管状部材が略直立して取り付けられており、該管状部材の上端面又は側面には開口が形成されていて、該分配管の開口と該管状部材の開口とが、上下方向において同一のレベルに配置されるように形成されていることを特徴とする液体分配装置。  A liquid distribution apparatus for distributing and supplying a liquid to be treated over a cross-sectional portion of a column through a tube or trough arranged along the cross-section of the substance and / or heat exchange column, A tubular main pipe extending in a direction or a main trough having an open top, and a tubular distribution pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the main pipe or the main trough. The distribution pipe includes a main pipe or a main trough. One or more openings are formed in a portion located above the bottom surface of the tube, and one or more openings are formed in the inner bottom portion of the main pipe or the main trough, and the upper end is closed in this opening. Are attached substantially upright, and an opening is formed in the upper end surface or side surface of the tubular member, and the opening of the distribution pipe and the opening of the tubular member are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction. Be formed so that Liquid dispensing device according to claim. 該分配管に代えて上部が開放されたトラフ状の分配トラフが配置されており、該分配トラフの上端には1以上のノッチが形成されており、該管状部材の開口と該分配トラフのノッチとが、上下方向において同一のレベルに配置されるように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液体分配装置。Instead of the distribution pipe, a trough-shaped distribution trough having an open top is arranged, and at least one notch is formed at the upper end of the distribution trough, and the opening of the tubular member and the notch of the distribution trough The liquid dispensing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the two are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction. 主管又は主トラフの内部に取り付けられている管状部材の上端が閉止されておらず開放されており、その側面に開口が形成されている請求項1に記載の液体分配装置。  The liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of a tubular member attached to the inside of the main pipe or the main trough is not closed but is opened, and an opening is formed on a side surface thereof. 物質及び/又は熱交換塔の塔内に当該塔の横断面に沿って配置された管又はトラフを介して当該塔の横断面部分にわたって被処理液体を分配供給する液体分配装置であって、水平方向に伸長する管状の主管又は上部が開放された主トラフと、該主管又は主トラフと交差する方向に伸長する管状の分配管とから構成されており、該分配管には、主管又は主トラフの底面よりも上方に位置する部分に1以上の開口が形成されており、また、主管又は主トラフの内側底部には1以上の開口が形成されて、この開口に両端が開放されている管状部材が略直立して取り付けられており、該管状部材の上端にはノッチが形成されていて、該分配管の開口と該管状部材のノッチとが、上下方向において同一のレベルに配置されるように形成されていることを特徴とする液体分配装置。  A liquid distribution apparatus for distributing and supplying a liquid to be treated over a cross-sectional portion of a column through a tube or trough arranged along the cross-section of the substance and / or heat exchange column, A tubular main pipe extending in a direction or a main trough having an open top, and a tubular distribution pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the main pipe or the main trough. The distribution pipe includes a main pipe or a main trough. One or more openings are formed in a portion located above the bottom of the tube, and one or more openings are formed in the inner bottom of the main pipe or main trough, and both ends are open to the opening. The member is mounted substantially upright, and a notch is formed at the upper end of the tubular member so that the opening of the distribution pipe and the notch of the tubular member are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction. That has been formed Liquid dispensing device according to symptoms. 該分配管に代えて上部が開放されたトラフ状の分配トラフが配置されており、該分配トラフの上端には1以上のノッチが形成されており、該管状部材のノッチと該分配トラフのノッチとが、上下方向において同一のレベルに配置されるように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4記載の体分配装置。Instead of the distribution pipe, a trough-shaped distribution trough having an open top is arranged, and at least one notch is formed at the upper end of the distribution trough, and the notch of the tubular member and the notch of the distribution trough The body distributing apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the two are arranged at the same level in the vertical direction.
JP24398397A 1997-09-09 1997-09-09 Liquid distributor for material and / or heat exchange tower Expired - Lifetime JP3869533B2 (en)

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JP3869533B2 true JP3869533B2 (en) 2007-01-17

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