JP3868315B2

JP3868315B2 - Combustion control device and combustion control method for pyrolysis gasification melting furnace

Info

Publication number: JP3868315B2
Application number: JP2002067767A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 成章中村; 良則寺澤
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2002-03-13
Filing date: 2002-03-13
Publication date: 2007-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-13
Also published as: JP2003269712A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ごみ等の廃棄物を熱分解してガス化し、このガス化したガスを高温燃焼して灰を溶融する熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置及び燃焼制御方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の熱分解ガス化溶融炉は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、この熱分解炉の下流側に設けられ、灰を溶融する灰溶融炉と、この灰溶融炉の下流側に設けられ、当該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えており、その資源化、減容化及び無害化を図るために、灰溶融炉からスラグとして取り出すと共に、二次燃焼室から排ガスを排出して灰ガス処理設備に導き、排ガスの廃熱を回収して発電用の蒸気を発生させるように構成されている。
【０００３】
ところで、このような熱分解ガス化溶融炉では、二次燃焼室の出口におけるＯ₂濃度やＣＯ濃度を検出して、その検出した値が予め設定した値となるように灰溶融炉燃焼空気量、二次燃焼室燃焼空気量の操作を行っていた。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の熱分解ガス化溶融炉では、最下流側位置の二次燃焼室の出口においてＣＯ濃度などを検出し、その結果に基づいて燃焼空気量の操作を行っているので、燃焼場からの検出遅れが生じやすく、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室へ適確な燃焼空気量を供給することが困難であった。例えば、高カロリーのごみ供給によるごみ発熱量の急激な上昇や、ごみ供給量に大きな変動があった場合などには、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室のそれぞれに必要な量の空気が供給されず、燃焼空気不足によるＣＯ、ＤＸＮ、ＮＯｘ等の有害ガスが大量発生することが起こり、これを原因とする環境への悪影響をもたらすという問題を有していた。
【０００５】
本発明はこのような実状に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、ごみ等の廃棄物熱量、廃棄物投入量の急激な上昇があっても、各部で必要な燃焼空気量を制御して供給し、燃焼空気不足から起こる有害ガスの大量発生を防ぎ、良好な環境を維持することが可能な熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置及び燃焼制御方法を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記従来技術の有する課題を解決するために、請求項１の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させている。
また、請求項２の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させている。
さらに、請求項３の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させている。
そして、請求項４の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させている。
【０００７】
一方、請求項５の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいる。
また、請求項６の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいる。
さらに、請求項７の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいる。
そして、請求項８の本発明は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいる。
【０００８】
また、本発明において、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも低く、前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも低く、かつ前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも高い場合は、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量の全てまたはいずれかを低減させ、一方、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも高い場合、前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも高い場合、及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも低い場合は、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量の全てまたはいずれかを増加させることが好ましい。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明における熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置及び燃焼制御方法を図示の実施の形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。ここで、図１は本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置の制御フロー図、図２は本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法の制御ブロックチャートである。
【００１０】
本実施形態の熱分解ガス化溶融炉１は、図１に示す如く、ごみ等の廃棄物２を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉３と、当該熱分解炉３の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉４と、当該灰溶融炉４から排出される排ガス５を燃焼する二次燃焼室６とを備えており、これら熱分解炉３、灰溶融炉４及び二次燃焼室６には、燃焼制御装置７によって制御された熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０が供給されるようになっている。
【００１１】
上記熱分解炉３の側面には、所定量の廃棄物２を炉内に供給する廃棄物供給装置１１が設けられている。このため、供給装置１１は、廃棄物２を投入するホッパ１２と、モータ１３によって回転駆動され、廃棄物２を搬送するスクリュ１４と、廃棄物２を熱分解炉３の投入口（図示せず）へ案内するシュート１５を有している。そして、熱分解炉３の炉内上部は、供給ライン１６を介して灰溶融炉４に連通されており、熱分解炉３の炉内底部には、図示しない空気供給源から送られ、廃棄物２の熱分解を行う際に用いられる熱分解炉一次空気１７が供給されるように構成されている。
【００１２】
また、本実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉１の燃焼制御装置７には、投入する廃棄物２の発熱量の急激な上昇や供給量の大きな変動時において、熱分解炉３で熱分解ガスが大量に発生することにより上昇する熱分解炉内圧を検出する炉内圧力検出装置１８が配置されている。この炉内圧力検出装置１８は、最初に設定した炉内圧力の閾値（例えば、−２０ｍｍＨｇ（−２６６６Ｐａ）の負圧）と比べて圧力が上昇しているどうか（例えば、０ｍｍＨｇ（０Ｐａ）以上の正圧）を検出するものである。
【００１３】
したがって、圧力検出装置１８は、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力を検出すべく、熱分解炉３内の上方位置に設けられており、図１の点線で示す如く、燃焼制御装置７と電気的に接続されている。燃焼制御装置７は、圧力検出装置１８の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の供給量の少なくとも１つを制御するように構成されており、これら燃焼空気量の全てまたはいずれかを増加させることにより燃焼空気不足とならないように制御している。
なお、燃焼制御装置７は、通常燃焼時において、二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＯ₂濃度、ＣＯ濃度が設定値となるように、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の供給量の全てまたはいずれかを増減させている。そのため、二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＯ₂濃度、ＣＯ濃度の設定値は、環境への影響を考慮して予め決められている。
【００１４】
上記灰溶融炉４は、供給ライン１６より送給された熱分解ガス、未分解残渣、チャー、灰等の混合物を高温燃焼して灰を溶融するものであり、炉底の出滓口１９から取り出された溶融スラグ２０は、図示しないスラグ冷却槽などを経て排出されるようになっている。
【００１５】
上記二次燃焼室６は、排ガス５を再度燃焼するために設けられたものであり、灰溶融炉４の下流側の上方位置に連通して設けられている。また、二次燃焼室６の頂部出口には、排ガス５を下流側の排ガス処理設備（図示せず）に導く排ガスダクト２１が接続されており、この排ガスダクト２１の途中には、二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＯ₂濃度及びＣＯ濃度を検出する濃度検出装置２２が設けられている。この濃度検出装置２２は、図１の点線で示す如く、燃焼制御装置７と電気的に接続されている。
【００１６】
本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉１においては、図１に示す如く、ごみ等の廃棄物２が供給装置１１により熱分解炉３に供給されると、その廃棄物２は、一次空気１７及び二次燃焼空気８が送給された炉内で部分燃焼され、その熱で乾燥熱分解される。そして、熱分解炉３で発生した熱分解ガス、未分解残渣、チャー、灰等の混合物は、供給ライン１６を介して図示しない投入口から灰溶融炉４に投入され、燃焼空気９が供給された炉内で高温燃焼され、灰が加熱溶融されることになる。
また、灰溶融炉４から排出された排ガス５が上方の二次燃焼室６に流れ込むと、燃焼空気１０が供給された室内で再度燃焼され、排ガスダクト２１を経て下流側の排ガス処理設備（図示せず）に導かれることになる。
【００１７】
次に、本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉１の燃焼制御方法について説明する。
本実施形態の熱分解ガス化溶融炉１では、燃焼制御装置７及び炉内圧力検出装置１８を用いた燃焼制御方法によって、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力の急激な上昇時に各部へ供給する燃焼空気量を増加させる制御が行われている。すなわち、本実施形態の燃焼制御方法は、熱分解炉３の炉内に設けられている炉内圧力検出装置１８により熱分解炉３の炉内圧力を検出する段階と、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力の高低及び二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の少なくとも１つを燃焼制御装置７により制御する段階とを含んでいる。
【００１８】
このような段階を含む燃焼制御方法においては、図２に示す如く、まず、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力の閾値を最初に設定しておく。次いで、炉内圧力検出装置１８により炉内圧力を検出し、この炉内圧力が閾値よりも低く、二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも低く、かつ二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも高い場合は、その程度に応じて、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の供給量の全て、またはいずれか１つあるいは２つを低減させる。
一方、熱分解炉３の炉内内圧が閾値よりも高い場合、二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも高い場合、及び二次燃焼室６の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも低い場合は、その程度に応じて、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の供給量の全て、またはいずれか１つあるいは２つを増加させる。
【００１９】
本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉１の燃焼制御装置７は、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力を検出する炉内圧力検出装置１８を設けており、この炉内圧力検出装置１８の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気８、灰溶融炉燃焼空気９及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気１０の供給量の全てまたはいずれかを制御するようにしているため、炉内圧力検出装置１８が熱分解炉３の炉内圧力を検出することで、ごみ等の発熱量や投入量の急激な上昇による熱分解ガスの大量発生を容易に知ることが可能になり、燃焼場からの検出遅れはほとんど発生せず、制御された必要な量の燃焼空気８，９，１０を熱分解炉３、灰溶融炉４及び二次燃焼室６へ迅速に送給することができる。したがって、本実施形態の燃焼制御装置７を熱分解ガス化溶融炉１に適用すれば、熱分解炉３の炉内圧力の上昇時においても、熱分解炉３、灰溶融炉４及び二次燃焼室６のそれぞれに対して燃焼空気が不足するということは起こらず、灰溶融炉４等における還元燃焼によってＣＯ、ＤＸＮ、ＮＯｘ等の有害ガスの大量発生を防止できる。
【００２０】
以上、本発明の実施形態につき述べたが、本発明は既述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて各種の変形及び変更が可能である。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
上述の如く、請求項１の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させているので、ごみ等の廃棄物熱量、廃棄物投入量の急激な上昇があっても、熱分解炉の炉内圧力の検出により熱分解ガスの大量発生の状態を容易に知ることができ、その結果、熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室の各部で必要な燃焼空気量を制御して供給し、燃焼空気不足から起こるＣＯ、ＤＸＮ、ＮＯｘ等の有害ガスの大量発生を防ぎ、良好な環境を維持することができる。
また、請求項２の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させているので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
さらに、請求項３の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させているので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
そして、請求項４の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させているので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
【００２２】
請求項５の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいるので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる上、各部で必要な燃焼空気量を調整しながら、最適な条件で熱分解ガス化溶融炉を運転操作することができる。
また、請求項６の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいるので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
さらに、請求項７の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいるので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
そして、請求項８の本発明に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法は、廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えたものであって、前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含んでいるので、上記発明と同様の効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置の制御フローを示す概念図である。
【図２】本発明の実施形態に係る熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法を示す制御ブロックチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１熱分解ガス化溶融炉
２廃棄物
３熱分解炉
４灰溶融炉
５排ガス
６二次燃焼室
７燃焼制御装置
８熱分解炉二次燃焼空気
９灰溶融炉燃焼空気
１０二次燃焼室燃焼空気
１１廃棄物供給装置
１６供給ライン
１７熱分解炉一次空気
１８炉内圧力検出装置
２１排ガスダクト
２２Ｏ₂濃度及びＣＯ濃度検出装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combustion control device and a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace in which waste such as municipal waste is pyrolyzed and gasified, and the gasified gas is combusted at a high temperature to melt ash. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional pyrolysis gasification melting furnace includes a pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace that is provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and melts ash; A secondary combustion chamber that is provided on the downstream side and combusts exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and is taken out from the ash melting furnace as slag in order to reduce its resources, reduce its volume, and make it harmless. At the same time, exhaust gas is discharged from the secondary combustion chamber and guided to the ash gas treatment facility, and waste heat of the exhaust gas is recovered to generate steam for power generation.
[0003]
By the way, in such a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount is detected so that the O ₂ concentration and the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber are detected and the detected values become preset values. The operation of the combustion air quantity in the secondary combustion chamber was performed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional pyrolysis gasification melting furnace, the CO concentration and the like are detected at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber at the most downstream position, and the operation of the combustion air amount is performed based on the result. Detection delay is likely to occur, and it is difficult to supply an appropriate amount of combustion air to the ash melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber. For example, when there is a sudden increase in the amount of heat generated by high-calorie waste supply, or when there is a large fluctuation in the waste supply amount, the required amount of air is supplied to the ash melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber. However, a large amount of harmful gases such as CO, DXN, NOx and the like due to shortage of combustion air occurred, which had a problem of causing adverse environmental effects.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to control the amount of combustion air required in each part even if there is a sudden rise in the amount of waste heat such as waste and the amount of waste input. It is intended to provide a combustion control device and a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification and melting furnace capable of preventing the generation of a large amount of harmful gas caused by shortage of combustion air and maintaining a good environment.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention of claim 1 includes a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, In a combustion control device for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a secondary combustion chamber for burning exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pressure detection device It is configured to control the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace based on the detection result of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace. When the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is larger than the threshold value, the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased. I am letting .
Further, the present invention of claim 2 is directed to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control apparatus of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace provided with a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and based on the detection result of the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace by the pressure detection device The pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount are configured to be controlled , and when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value, The amount of combustion air is increased .
Further, the present invention of claim 3 is a thermal decomposition furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the thermal decomposition furnace, and an exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control apparatus of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace provided with a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and based on the detection result of the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace by the pressure detection device It is configured to control the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air in the ash melting furnace, and the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is greater than a threshold . .
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control apparatus of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace provided with a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and based on the detection result of the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace by the pressure detection device It is configured to control the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber, and when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is greater than a threshold value, the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased. Yes.
[0007]
On the other hand, the present invention of claim 5 is directed to a pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, and a combustion control device provided in association with these pyrolysis furnace, ash melting furnace, and secondary combustion chamber, the pyrolysis furnace A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the interior, and the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace and the levels of CO concentration and O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber. Each determination stage, and the amount of pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air controlled by the combustion control device according to each determination result, and when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion Increasing the amount of air .
Further, the present invention of claim 6 is directed to a pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, and a combustion control device provided in association with these pyrolysis furnace, ash melting furnace, and secondary combustion chamber, the pyrolysis furnace A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the interior, and the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace and the levels of CO concentration and O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber. In accordance with each determination stage, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount, and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount are controlled by the combustion control device according to each determination result, and the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure Is greater than the threshold value, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air And a step of increasing.
Furthermore, the present invention of claim 7 is directed to a pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, and a combustion control device provided in association with these pyrolysis furnace, ash melting furnace and secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ The step of judging the level of the concentration, respectively, and controlling the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air of the ash melting furnace according to the judgment results by the combustion control device , the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is lower than the threshold value If larger, increasing the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace .
The present invention of claim 8 is directed to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, and an exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace. In a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a secondary combustion chamber for combustion, and a combustion control device provided in association with these pyrolysis furnace, ash melting furnace and secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ The step of determining the level of the concentration, and the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber are controlled by the combustion control device according to the respective determination results, and the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is less than the threshold value. Is increased, the step of increasing the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace is included.
[0008]
In the present invention, the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is lower than a threshold value, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is lower than a set value, and the O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is lower than a set value. In the case where the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air quantity, the ash melting furnace combustion air quantity and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air quantity are all reduced or reduced, while the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure is higher than the threshold value. When the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is higher than the set value, and when the O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is lower than the set value, the amount of pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air, ash It is preferable to increase all or any of the melting furnace combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a combustion control apparatus and a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. Here, FIG. 1 is a control flow diagram of a combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a control of a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block chart.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 1, the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 of this embodiment is provided with a pyrolysis furnace 3 that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste 2 such as waste, and a downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace 3. The ash melting furnace 4 and a secondary combustion chamber 6 for burning the exhaust gas 5 discharged from the ash melting furnace 4 are provided. The pyrolysis furnace 3, the ash melting furnace 4 and the secondary combustion chamber 6 include The pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8, the ash melting furnace combustion air 9 and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air 10 controlled by the combustion control device 7 are supplied.
[0011]
A waste supply device 11 that supplies a predetermined amount of waste 2 into the furnace is provided on a side surface of the pyrolysis furnace 3. For this reason, the supply device 11 is rotationally driven by a hopper 12 that inputs the waste 2, a screw 14 that conveys the waste 2, and an inlet (not shown) of the pyrolysis furnace 3. ) Has a chute 15 for guiding to). The upper part of the pyrolysis furnace 3 communicates with the ash melting furnace 4 via the supply line 16, and is sent to the bottom part of the pyrolysis furnace 3 from an air supply source (not shown). The pyrolysis furnace primary air 17 used when performing pyrolysis of 2 is supplied.
[0012]
Further, in the combustion control device 7 of the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 according to the present embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace 3 performs pyrolysis when the calorific value of the waste 2 to be input rises rapidly or when the supply amount fluctuates greatly. An in-furnace pressure detecting device 18 for detecting a pyrolysis furnace internal pressure that rises when a large amount of gas is generated is disposed. This in-furnace pressure detection device 18 determines whether or not the pressure has increased (for example, 0 mmHg (0 Pa) or more) compared to the initially set threshold value of the in-furnace pressure (for example, negative pressure of −20 mmHg (−2666 Pa)). (Positive pressure) is detected.
[0013]
Therefore, the pressure detection device 18 is provided at an upper position in the pyrolysis furnace 3 so as to detect the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 3, and is electrically connected to the combustion control device 7 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. It is connected to the. The combustion control device 7 controls at least one of the supply amounts of the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8, the ash melting furnace combustion air 9, and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air 10 based on the detection result of the pressure detection device 18. It is configured so that the combustion air is not deficient by increasing all or any of these combustion air amounts.
Note that the combustion control device 7 is configured so that during normal combustion, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8 and the ash melting furnace combustion air 9 are set so that the O ₂ concentration and the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6 become set values. In addition, all or any of the supply amount of the combustion air 10 in the secondary combustion chamber 10 is increased or decreased. Therefore, the set values of the O ₂ concentration and the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6 are determined in advance in consideration of the influence on the environment.
[0014]
The ash melting furnace 4 melts ash by high-temperature combustion of a mixture of pyrolysis gas, undecomposed residue, char, ash, and the like fed from a supply line 16, from an outlet 19 at the bottom of the furnace. The taken-out molten slag 20 is discharged through a slag cooling tank (not shown).
[0015]
The secondary combustion chamber 6 is provided to burn the exhaust gas 5 again, and is provided in communication with an upper position on the downstream side of the ash melting furnace 4. In addition, an exhaust gas duct 21 that guides the exhaust gas 5 to a downstream exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown) is connected to the top outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6. A concentration detector 22 for detecting the O ₂ concentration and the CO concentration at the outlet of the chamber 6 is provided. The concentration detection device 22 is electrically connected to the combustion control device 7 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
[0016]
In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, when waste 2 such as waste is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 3 by the supply device 11, the waste 2 is The primary air 17 and the secondary combustion air 8 are partially combusted in the furnace to which the primary air 17 and the secondary combustion air 8 are fed, and are subjected to dry pyrolysis with the heat. Then, a mixture of pyrolysis gas, undecomposed residue, char, ash and the like generated in the pyrolysis furnace 3 is fed into the ash melting furnace 4 through a feed line 16 through a feed port (not shown), and combustion air 9 is supplied. The ash is heated and melted in a high temperature furnace.
Further, when the exhaust gas 5 discharged from the ash melting furnace 4 flows into the upper secondary combustion chamber 6, it is burned again in the chamber supplied with the combustion air 10, and passes through the exhaust gas duct 21 to the exhaust gas treatment facility on the downstream side (see FIG. (Not shown).
[0017]
Next, a combustion control method for the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment, combustion supplied to each part when the in-furnace pressure of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is suddenly increased by a combustion control method using the combustion control device 7 and the in-furnace pressure detection device 18. Control is performed to increase the amount of air. That is, the combustion control method of the present embodiment includes a step of detecting the furnace pressure of the pyrolysis furnace 3 by the furnace pressure detection device 18 provided in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 3. A stage for determining the level of internal pressure and the level of CO and O _{2 at} the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6, respectively, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8 and the ash melting furnace combustion air 9 according to the respective determination results And a step of controlling at least one of the combustion air 10 of the secondary combustion chamber 10 by the combustion control device 7.
[0018]
In the combustion control method including such steps, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the threshold value of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 3 is first set. Next, the furnace pressure is detected by the furnace pressure detector 18, the furnace pressure is lower than the threshold value, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6 is lower than the set value, and the secondary combustion chamber 6 When the O ₂ concentration at the outlet is higher than the set value, depending on the degree, all of the supply amounts of the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8, the ash melting furnace combustion air 9, and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air 10, or Either one or two is reduced.
On the other hand, when the furnace internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is higher than the threshold value, when the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6 is higher than the set value, and when the O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 6 is the set value. Is lower than the total supply amount of the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8, the ash melting furnace combustion air 9, and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air 10, or any one or two of them depending on the degree. increase.
[0019]
The combustion control device 7 of the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with an in-furnace pressure detection device 18 for detecting the in-furnace pressure of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and this in-furnace pressure detection device 18. Because all or one of the supply amounts of the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 8, the ash melting furnace combustion air 9, and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air 10 is controlled based on the detection result of By detecting the pressure in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 3, the device 18 can easily know the large amount of pyrolysis gas generated due to the rapid increase in the amount of heat generated from the garbage and the input amount. There is almost no detection delay, and a necessary and controlled amount of combustion air 8, 9, 10 can be quickly supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 3, the ash melting furnace 4, and the secondary combustion chamber 6. Therefore, if the combustion control device 7 of the present embodiment is applied to the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 1, the pyrolysis furnace 3, the ash melting furnace 4 and the secondary combustion even when the pressure in the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace 3 increases. A shortage of combustion air does not occur for each of the chambers 6, and a large amount of harmful gases such as CO, DXN, and NOx can be prevented by reducing combustion in the ash melting furnace 4 or the like.
[0020]
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, and an ash provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace. A melting furnace and a secondary combustion chamber for combusting exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, wherein a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace by the pressure detection device The pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount is controlled based on the detection result of the internal pressure, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount is increased when the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure is larger than a threshold value . Therefore, even if there is a sudden rise in the amount of waste heat such as garbage and the amount of waste input, it is possible to easily know the state of mass generation of pyrolysis gas by detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace. Control the amount of combustion air required in each part of the pyrolysis furnace, ash melting furnace and secondary combustion chamber Feeding and prevents CO resulting from lack of combustion air, DXN, a large generation of harmful gases such as NOx, it is possible to maintain a good environment.
A combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention of claim 2 comprises a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste gasification, and an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for combusting the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, wherein a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is increased by the pressure detection device. It is configured to control the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace, the amount of combustion air in the ash melting furnace, and the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber based on the detection result, and when the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is greater than a threshold value, Since the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased , the same effect as the above invention can be obtained.
Furthermore, a combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention of claim 3 includes a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, and an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for combusting the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, wherein a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is increased by the pressure detection device. The pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount and the ash melting furnace combustion air amount are controlled based on the detection result, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value. since increased, the same effect as the invention is obtained.
And the combustion control apparatus of the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace which concerns on this invention of Claim 4 is a pyrolysis furnace which thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, and an ash melting furnace provided in the downstream of this pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for combusting the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, wherein a pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace is increased by the pressure detection device. The pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air quantity and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air quantity are controlled based on the detection result, and when the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure is larger than a threshold value, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air is controlled. Since the amount is increased, the same effect as the above invention can be obtained.
[0022]
A combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention of claim 5 includes a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace, A secondary combustion chamber for combusting exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with the pyrolysis furnace, the ash melting furnace, and the secondary combustion chamber, The step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by the pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, the O ₂ concentration Determining the level of each of the pyrolysis furnaces, and controlling the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace by the combustion control device according to each judgment result, and when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value, the pyrolysis furnace because it contains a step of increasing the secondary combustion air amount, the upper On the same effect as the invention can be obtained, while adjusting the quantity of combustion air required in each section, the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace can be operated operated at optimum conditions.
The combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention of claim 6 includes a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, and an ash melting furnace provided on the downstream side of the pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for burning the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with the pyrolysis furnace, the ash melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber, Detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace with a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₍₂₎ Control the level of the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount by the combustion control device according to the respective determination results , When the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value, the pyrolysis furnace 2 Because it contains a step of increasing the quantity of combustion air, the same effect as the invention is obtained.
Furthermore, a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to the present invention of claim 7 includes a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to gasify, and an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for burning the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with the pyrolysis furnace, the ash melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber, Detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace with a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O _{(2) A} stage for judging the level of the concentration, respectively, and controlling the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the quantity of combustion air in the ash melting furnace according to each judgment result by the combustion control device , The amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased. Because it contains a that stage, the same effect as the invention is obtained.
And the combustion control method of the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace which concerns on this invention of Claim 8 is a pyrolysis furnace which thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, and an ash melting furnace provided in the downstream of this pyrolysis furnace And a secondary combustion chamber for burning the exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with the pyrolysis furnace, the ash melting furnace and the secondary combustion chamber, Detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace with a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₍₂₎ Judging the level of concentration, respectively, controlling the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber by the combustion control device according to the judgment results, and the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is a threshold value If larger than, increase the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace Because it contains a step of, the same effect as the invention is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a control flow of a combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a control block chart showing a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pyrolysis gasification melting furnace 2 Waste 3 Pyrolysis furnace 4 Ash melting furnace 5 Exhaust gas 6 Secondary combustion chamber 7 Combustion control device 8 Pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air 9 Ash melting furnace combustion air 10 Secondary combustion chamber combustion air 11 Waste Supply Device 16 Supply Line 17 Pyrolysis Furnace Primary Air 18 Furnace Pressure Detection Device 21 Exhaust Gas Duct 22 O ₂ Concentration and CO Concentration Detection Device

Claims

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、
前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させていることを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置。A pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, and a secondary combustion chamber that burns exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace combustion control device,
Provided the pressure detecting device in the pyrolysis furnace, based on the detection result of the thermal decomposition furnace pressure by the pressure detecting device configured to control the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, said pyrolysis furnace pressure A combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification and melting furnace , wherein the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased when larger than a threshold value .

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、
前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させていることを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置。A pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, and a secondary combustion chamber that burns exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace combustion control device,
A pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, ash melting furnace combustion air amount, and secondary combustion chamber combustion air based on the detection result of the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure by the pressure detection device Combustion control of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace , wherein the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount is increased when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value. apparatus.

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、
前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させていることを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置。A pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, and a secondary combustion chamber that burns exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace combustion control device,
A pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount and the ash melting furnace combustion air amount are controlled based on the detection result of the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure by the pressure detection device. A combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace , wherein the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount is increased when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value .

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置において、
前記熱分解炉内に圧力検出装置を設け、該圧力検出装置による前記熱分解炉内圧の検出結果に基づいて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を制御するように構成し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させていることを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御装置。A pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes and gasifies waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, and a secondary combustion chamber that burns exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace In the pyrolysis gasification melting furnace combustion control device,
A pressure detection device is provided in the pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount are controlled based on the detection result of the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure by the pressure detection device. A combustion control apparatus for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace , wherein the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace is increased when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value .

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含むことを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法。A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber for burning exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and the heat In a combustion control method of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a cracking furnace, an ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with a secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ The step of determining the level of concentration and the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace are controlled by the combustion control device according to the respective determination results, and the pyrolysis is performed when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value. And a step of increasing the amount of secondary combustion air in the furnace.

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含むことを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法。A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber for burning exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and the heat In a combustion control method of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a cracking furnace, an ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with a secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ respectively step of determining level of concentration, the pyrolysis furnace secondary combustion air amount, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount is controlled by the combustion control apparatus in accordance with respective determination results, the And a step of increasing the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace when the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is larger than a threshold value .

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び灰溶融炉燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含むことを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法。A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber for burning exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and the heat In a combustion control method of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a cracking furnace, an ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with a secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ The step of judging the level of the concentration, respectively, and controlling the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air of the ash melting furnace according to the judgment results by the combustion control device , the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is lower than the threshold value And a step of increasing the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace when larger, a combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification and melting furnace.

廃棄物を熱分解してガス化する熱分解炉と、該熱分解炉の下流側に設けられる灰溶融炉と、該灰溶融炉から排出される排ガスを燃焼する二次燃焼室と、これら熱分解炉、灰溶融炉及び二次燃焼室に関連して設けられる燃焼制御装置とを備えた熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法において、
前記熱分解炉内に設けられた圧力検出装置により、前記熱分解炉内の圧力を検出する段階と、前記熱分解炉内の圧力の高低及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度、Ｏ₂濃度の高低をそれぞれ判定する段階と、それぞれの判定結果に応じて熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量を前記燃焼制御装置により制御し、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも大きい場合に、前記熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量を増加させる段階とを含むことを特徴とする熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法。A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste, an ash melting furnace provided downstream of the pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber for burning exhaust gas discharged from the ash melting furnace, and the heat In a combustion control method of a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising a cracking furnace, an ash melting furnace, and a combustion control device provided in association with a secondary combustion chamber,
A step of detecting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace by a pressure detection device provided in the pyrolysis furnace, the level of the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber, O ₂ The step of determining the level of the concentration, and the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace and the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber are controlled by the combustion control device according to the respective determination results, and the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace is less than the threshold value. And a step of increasing the amount of secondary combustion air of the pyrolysis furnace when the temperature is larger, the combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace comprising:

前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも低く、前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも低く、かつ前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも高い場合は、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量の全てまたはいずれかを低減させ、一方、前記熱分解炉内圧が閾値よりも高い場合、前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＣＯ濃度が設定値よりも高い場合、及び前記二次燃焼室の出口におけるＯ₂濃度が設定値よりも低い場合は、熱分解炉二次燃焼空気量、灰溶融炉燃焼空気量及び二次燃焼室燃焼空気量の全てまたはいずれかを増加させることを特徴とする請求項５〜８のいずれかに記載の熱分解ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法。When the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure is lower than a threshold value, the CO concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is lower than a set value, and the O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is higher than a set value, When the cracking furnace secondary combustion air amount, the ash melting furnace combustion air amount and the secondary combustion chamber combustion air amount are all or any one reduced, while the pyrolysis furnace internal pressure is higher than a threshold value, the secondary combustion chamber When the CO concentration at the outlet of the reactor is higher than a set value, and when the O ₂ concentration at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is lower than the set value, the amount of secondary combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace, the amount of combustion air in the ash melting furnace, and The combustion control method for a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein all or any of the amount of combustion air in the secondary combustion chamber is increased.