JP3863158B2 - Tunnel of the junction and the method of constructing the junction - Google Patents

Tunnel of the junction and the method of constructing the junction Download PDF

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JP3863158B2
JP3863158B2 JP2004240936A JP2004240936A JP3863158B2 JP 3863158 B2 JP3863158 B2 JP 3863158B2 JP 2004240936 A JP2004240936 A JP 2004240936A JP 2004240936 A JP2004240936 A JP 2004240936A JP 3863158 B2 JP3863158 B2 JP 3863158B2
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tunnel
branch
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branching
junction
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JP2006057341A (en
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豊 加島
紀夫 近藤
秀行 武内
文展 稲田
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大豊建設株式会社
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Description

この発明は、分岐トンネルが本線トンネルから分岐する分合流部のトンネル及び分合流部分の構築方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a tunnel of a branching / merging portion where a branching tunnel branches off from a main tunnel and a method of constructing a branching / merging portion.

現在、首都圏や都市部等の住宅の密集した地域の渋滞解消の目的で、多くの道路が計画、又は、建設されている。それらの道路は、地上の用地取得が困難なため、地下に建設されることが増えてきている。従来、シールド機で地下高速道路等のトンネルの分合流部を構築する場合、地上より開削工法によって構築していた。また、このような開削工法を使わずにトンネルを構築できる従来の技術として、特許文献に記載のあるものとしては次の（１）の１件を挙げる。
（１）特許文献１（特開２００４−２７７１１号公報） Currently, many roads are planned or constructed for the purpose of eliminating traffic congestion in densely populated areas such as the metropolitan area and urban areas. These roads are increasingly being built underground because it is difficult to acquire land on the ground. Conventionally, when constructing a junction of a tunnel such as an underground highway with a shield machine, it has been constructed from the ground by an open-cut method. Further, as a conventional technique capable of constructing a tunnel without using such an open-cut method, there is one of the following (1) as described in the patent literature.
(1) Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-27711)

既設のシールドトンネルの側壁の一部を、トンネルの半径方向に押出可能な少なくとも一つの押出セグメントからなる押出セグメント部を軸方向に複数並べることで形成する。そして、これら押出セグメント部毎に、押出セグメント部の内壁側の周縁部に、押出方向と逆方向に突出する筒状部を接合して箱状のブロック体を形成する。次いで、ブロック体を半径方向に既設のシールドトンネルの側壁からそれぞれ押し出す。そして、これらを軸方向に連接し、連接することで形成されるブロック体同士を仕切る仕切り壁部を撤去して、柱を設ける。軟弱地盤においても既設のシールドトンネルを容易に拡幅する。
特開２００４−２７７１１号公報 A part of the side wall of the existing shield tunnel is formed by arranging a plurality of extruded segment portions made of at least one extruded segment that can be extruded in the radial direction of the tunnel in the axial direction. Then, for each of the extruded segment portions, a cylindrical portion protruding in the direction opposite to the extrusion direction is joined to the peripheral portion on the inner wall side of the extruded segment portion to form a box-shaped block body. Next, the block bodies are respectively pushed out from the side walls of the existing shield tunnel in the radial direction. And these are connected in an axial direction, the partition wall part which partitions off the block bodies formed by connecting is removed, and a pillar is provided. Easily widen existing shield tunnels even on soft ground.
JP 2004-27711 A

しかしながら、このような従来のものにあっては、トンネル分合流部をシールド工法によって構築するため、供用中の道路を交通規制する必要は無いものの、トンネル分合流部は、車両が合流分流するという機能上、地下に大規模な空間を構築することになり、その躯体構造は非常に厚くなっていた。もっとも、それ以前に、特許文献１は、主に軟弱地盤でなければ、押出セグメントを地下空間に突出できず、拡幅工法としては、用途限定されてしまうと言う欠点があった。   However, in such a conventional one, since the tunnel junction / merging part is constructed by the shield method, it is not necessary to regulate traffic on the road in service, but the tunnel junction / merging part says that the vehicle joins and splits In terms of function, a large-scale space was to be constructed underground, and its structure was very thick. However, prior to that, Patent Document 1 had a drawback in that the extruded segment could not protrude into the underground space unless it was mainly soft ground, and the use of the widening method was limited.

そこで、この発明は、上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、施工途中に覆工体を安定して支えるために配置される仮設支保材の配置方法と、同じく施工途中に土水圧の作用によるトンネルの滑動に配慮してトンネル分合流部の躯体構造を比較的薄く、経済的に構築すること、作業効率の向上を図ることを課題とする。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a method for arranging a temporary support material arranged to stably support the lining body during construction, and the action of soil water pressure during construction as well. In consideration of the sliding of the tunnel, the problem is to construct a relatively thin and economical structure for the tunnel junction and improve the work efficiency.

係る課題を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部のトンネルにおいて、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネルの上下に配設される山留材と、本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の補強部材と、分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の補強部材と、前記山留材を支持する第三の補強部材とを有し、前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部、前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部、および、前記山留材、で形成された分合流部外郭の内側にコンクリートが打設されて前記第一、第二及び第三の補強部材が埋設されて分合流部トンネル躯体が構成され、該分合流部トンネル躯体内側に分岐空間が形成されたことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a tunnel of a merging and merging portion that branches from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel, and a mountain retaining material disposed above and below the branch tunnel from the main tunnel. The main line has a first reinforcing member that reinforces the main tunnel lining body, a second reinforcing member that reinforces the branch tunnel lining body, and a third reinforcing member that supports the mountain retaining material. Concrete is cast inside the outer part of the junction part formed by a part of the tunnel lining body, a part of the branch tunnel lining body, and the retaining material, and the first, second and second Three reinforcing members are embedded to form a junction / mernel tunnel housing, and a branch space is formed inside the junction / merging tunnel housing.

請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の構成に加えて、前記山留材としてパイプルーフを使用し、該パイプルーフと前記コンクリートを一体構造としたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the structure according to claim 1, a pipe roof is used as the mountain retaining material, and the pipe roof and the concrete are integrated.

請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の構成に加えて、前記分岐トンネル覆工体は矩形であることを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration described in claim 1 or 2, the branch tunnel covering body is rectangular.

請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至３の何れか１項に記載の構成に加えて、前記本線トンネルの前記分岐空間内に、中柱を構築したことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a middle pillar is constructed in the branch space of the main tunnel.

請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至４の何れか１項に記載の構成に加えて、前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部の内側で、前記分岐空間の床面の下側又は、前記分岐空間の天井面の上側に、空間部を形成したことを特徴とする。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, an inner side of a part of the main line tunnel covering body, a lower side of a floor surface of the branch space or The space portion is formed above the ceiling surface of the branch space.

請求項６に記載の発明は、本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部を構築する方法において、シールド機で前記本線トンネルを構築し、前記分岐トンネルを前記本線トンネルに沿って構築し、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネル覆工体の上下に山留材を配設し、前記本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の支保材と前記分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の支保材と前記山留材を支持する第三の支保材とを設け、前記本線トンネル覆工体および前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部を解体し、該覆工体の解体されていない一部と前記上下の山留材で囲まれた内側にコンクリートを打設して分岐空間を形成すると共に、該分岐空間内に露出する前記各支保材を除去して分合流部を構築したことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 6 is a method of constructing a branching / merging section that branches from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel, constructing the main tunnel with a shield machine, constructing the branch tunnel along the main tunnel, Mountain retaining materials are disposed above and below the branch tunnel lining body from a main tunnel, a first support material that reinforces the main tunnel lining body, and a second support material that reinforces the branch tunnel lining body; A third supporting material for supporting the mountain retaining material, disassembling a part of the main tunnel lining body and the branch tunnel lining body, and a part of the lining body not disassembled and the upper and lower parts In addition, concrete is cast on the inner side surrounded by the mountain retaining material to form a branch space, and the support material exposed in the branch space is removed to construct a branching / merging portion.

請求項７に記載の発明は、請求項６に記載の構成に加えて、前記分岐トンネル覆工体外側の地盤に向けてグランドアンカーを設置したことを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration described in claim 6, a ground anchor is installed toward the ground outside the outer side of the branch tunnel covering body.

上記、請求項１に記載の発明によれば、本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部のトンネルにおいて、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネルの上下に配設される山留材と、本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の補強部材と、分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の補強部材と、前記山留材を支持する第三の補強部材とを有し、前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部、前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部、および、前記山留材、で形成された分合流部外郭の内側にコンクリートが打設されて前記第一、第二及び第三の補強部材が埋設されて分合流部トンネル躯体が構成され、該分合流部トンネル躯体内側に分岐空間が形成されたことを特徴とするので、トンネル躯体構造を薄く構築できる。また、施工途中でもトンネル覆工体を安定させることが可能となる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the merging and merging tunnel that branches from the main tunnel to the branch tunnel, the mountain retaining material disposed above and below the branch tunnel from the main tunnel, and the main tunnel covering A main reinforcing member having a first reinforcing member that reinforces the work body, a second reinforcing member that reinforces the branch tunnel covering member, and a third reinforcing member that supports the mountain retaining member. The first, second and third reinforcing members are formed by placing concrete inside a part of the branching tunnel lining body and a part of the branching tunnel lining body, and inside the merging and unmerging portion outer shell. Is embedded to form a branching junction tunnel housing, and a branch space is formed inside the branching junction tunnel housing, so that the tunnel housing structure can be constructed thinly. In addition, the tunnel lining body can be stabilized even during construction.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１に記載の効果に加えて、前記山留材としてパイプルーフを使用し、該パイプルーフと前記コンクリートを一体構造としたことを特徴とするので、強固な水平防護工をするため、仮設構造体としてではなく、本体構造の一部として利用することで、仮設資材を減量して、トンネル分合流部を構築することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, a pipe roof is used as the mountain retaining material, and the pipe roof and the concrete are integrated. In order to perform a strong horizontal protective work, it is possible not to use as a temporary structure but as a part of the main body structure, thereby reducing the amount of temporary materials and constructing a tunnel junction.

請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１又は２に記載の効果に加えて、前記分岐トンネル覆工体は矩形であることを特徴とするので、前記山留材たるパイプルーフを施工し易く、矩形セグメントの外側垂直部材の覆工体を構造体の一部として使用することで、内空を建築限界一杯まで有効に活用できるため、分岐トンネルの外形を小さくすることが可能となる。   According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect described in claim 1 or 2, the branch tunnel covering body is rectangular, so that the pipe roof as the mountain retaining material is constructed. It is easy to use, and by using the lining body of the outer vertical member of the rectangular segment as part of the structure, it is possible to effectively utilize the inner space to the full limit of the building, so it is possible to reduce the outer shape of the branch tunnel .

請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至３の何れか１項に記載の効果に加えて、前記本線トンネルの前記分岐空間内に、中柱を構築したことを特徴とするので、打設するコンクリートの頂版及び底版の分岐トンネル幅方向における支持柱たる中柱の無い部分であるスパン長を短くでき、構造上頑強になる。すなわち、頂版厚と底版厚とを低減でき、躯体のコンクリートボリュームを大幅に減少することができる。しかも、頂版厚と底版厚を抑えることにより、分岐トンネルの断面の縦径を小さくでき、コスト圧縮に寄与する。結局、掘削ボリューム、コンクリート打設ボリューム、鉄筋等の使用量も低減できるため、全工費の圧縮、全工期の短縮に繋がる。   According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect described in any one of claims 1 to 3, a middle pillar is constructed in the branch space of the main tunnel. The span length, which is the portion without the middle pillar as the supporting pillar in the branch tunnel width direction of the concrete top and bottom slabs to be cast, can be shortened, and the structure is robust. That is, the top plate thickness and the bottom plate thickness can be reduced, and the concrete volume of the frame can be greatly reduced. In addition, by suppressing the top plate thickness and the bottom plate thickness, the vertical diameter of the cross section of the branch tunnel can be reduced, which contributes to cost reduction. Eventually, the amount of excavation volume, concrete placement volume, reinforcing bars, etc. can be reduced, which leads to reduction of the total construction cost and shortening of the whole construction period.

請求項５に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至４の何れか１項に記載の効果に加えて、前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部の内側で、前記分岐空間の床面の下側又は、前記分岐空間の天井面の上側に、空間部を形成したことを特徴とするので、該空間部のうち前記分岐空間の天井面の上側には、換気ダクトや消防用出水管等を、前記分岐空間の床面の下側には、床版、非難施設、共同溝等の付属構造物を設けて利用できる。また、前記空間部のコンクリートボリュームが不要になるので、工費及び工期の節減にもなる。   According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effect described in any one of claims 1 to 4, below the floor surface of the branch space inside a part of the main line tunnel covering body. Since a space part is formed on the side or above the ceiling surface of the branch space, a ventilation duct, a water discharge pipe for fire fighting, etc. are provided above the ceiling surface of the branch space in the space part. Under the floor surface of the branch space, an accessory structure such as a floor slab, an evacuation facility, and a common groove can be provided and used. Further, since the concrete volume in the space is not necessary, the construction cost and the construction period can be reduced.

請求項６に記載の発明によれば、本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部を構築する方法において、シールド機で前記本線トンネルを構築し、前記分岐トンネルを前記本線トンネルに沿って構築し、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネル覆工体の上下に山留材を配設し、前記本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の支保材と前記分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の支保材と前記山留材を支持する第三の支保材とを設け、前記本線トンネル覆工体および前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部を解体し、該覆工体の解体されていない一部と前記上下の山留材で囲まれた内側にコンクリートを打設して分岐空間を形成すると共に、該分岐空間内に露出する前記各支保材を除去して分合流部を構築したことを特徴とするので、トンネル躯体構造を薄く構築できる。また、施工途中でもトンネル覆工体を安定させることが可能となる。   According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method of constructing the branching / merging section that branches from the main tunnel to the branch tunnel, the main tunnel is constructed by a shield machine, and the branch tunnel is constructed along the main tunnel. A first retaining material that reinforces the main tunnel lining body and a second support that reinforces the branch tunnel lining body; And a third support material for supporting the mountain retaining material, dismantling a part of the main tunnel lining body and the branch tunnel lining body, and a part of the lining body not dismantled The concrete is characterized in that concrete is placed inside the upper and lower mountain retaining materials to form a branch space, and the branching space is constructed by removing each support material exposed in the branch space. Because the tunnel housing structure Thin and can be constructed. In addition, the tunnel lining body can be stabilized even during construction.

請求項７に記載の発明によれば、請求項６に記載の効果に加えて、前記分岐トンネル覆工体外側の地盤に向けてグランドアンカーを設置したことを特徴とするので、山留めが確実にでき、土水圧による滑動を防止でき、本線トンネルと分岐トンネル間の土砂掘削、覆工体の解体時に、水平支保材を直ぐに施工する必要が無くなり、作業効率の向上が図れる。   According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the sixth aspect, the ground anchor is installed toward the ground outside the outer side of the branch tunnel covering body. It is possible to prevent sliding due to soil water pressure, and it is not necessary to install a horizontal support material immediately at the time of earth and sand excavation between the main tunnel and the branch tunnel and the dismantling of the lining body, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

以下、この発明を実施するための最良の形態について説明する。
〔発明の実施の形態１〕 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1 of the Invention

図１乃至図１３は、この発明の実施の形態１に係る図で、施工工程を示している。   1 to 13 are diagrams according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and show a construction process.

図１に示すように、この実施の形態１に係る、本線トンネル１と分岐トンネル２とが分合流し、当該トンネル分合流拡幅部３とその周辺の路線上を走行する車の流れは、上方から見た平面図で矢印のような流れになる。図１（ａ）は、本線トンネル１に分岐トンネル２（ＯＮランプトンネル）が合流する合流部路線平面図で、図１（ｂ）は、本線トンネル１から分岐トンネル２（ＯＦＦランプトンネル）が分流する分流部路線平面図である。   As shown in FIG. 1, the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 according to the first embodiment are merged, and the flow of the vehicle traveling on the tunnel split / merging widening portion 3 and its surrounding route is The flow is as shown by the arrows in the plan view. FIG. 1A is a plan view of a junction section where a main tunnel 1 and a branch tunnel 2 (ON lamp tunnel) merge. FIG. 1B shows a branch tunnel 2 (OFF lamp tunnel) branched from the main tunnel 1. It is a shunt part route top view.

図２には、本線トンネル１と分岐トンネル２が並列走行するトンネル分合流拡幅部３とその周辺の平面図が示されている。この分合流拡幅部３の幅が最大値になる本線トンネル分岐幅最大端部４から、本線トンネル分岐発端部５までの部分が、トンネル分合流拡幅部３である。この発明は、この分合流拡幅部３に適用したものであり、この分合流拡幅部３の路線長は、約２００ｍである。   FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the tunnel branching and merging widening portion 3 in which the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 run in parallel and the vicinity thereof. The portion from the main tunnel branch width maximum end 4 to the main tunnel branch start portion 5 where the width of the split junction widening portion 3 becomes the maximum value is the tunnel splitting widening portion 3. The present invention is applied to the merging and merging widening portion 3, and the line length of the merging and merging widening portion 3 is about 200 m.

また、図３及び図１３には、図２のＢ−Ｂ線に沿うトンネル分合流拡幅部３の横断面図が示されている。このトンネル分合流拡幅部３の構成は、「山留材」である頂版パイプルーフ６及び底版パイプルーフ７をそれぞれ内蔵する、分岐部頂版８及び分岐部底版９によって、上下から挟まれ、「山留材を支持する第三の支保材」である分岐部側壁支保材１１を補強部材として内蔵する分岐部側壁１７、及び本線部側壁１６によって、両側から挟まれる内部空間から成り、分岐部頂版８の上側及び分岐部底版９の下側の地盤は、それぞれ上側地盤１８及び下側地盤１９であり、止水性及び地盤強化の必要性等に応じて、それぞれ地盤改良されている。   3 and 13 are cross-sectional views of the tunnel junction merging widening portion 3 along the line BB in FIG. The structure of the tunnel merging and widening portion 3 is sandwiched from above and below by a branching top plate 8 and a branching portion bottom plate 9 each containing a top plate pipe roof 6 and a bottom plate pipe roof 7 which are “mountain retaining materials”, respectively. The branching portion side wall 17 is a third supporting material that supports the mountain retaining material, and includes a branching portion side wall 17 that incorporates the branching portion side wall supporting material 11 as a reinforcing member, and a main portion side wall 16. The upper ground of the top plate 8 and the lower ground of the bifurcation bottom plate 9 are an upper ground 18 and a lower ground 19, respectively, and the ground is improved according to the necessity of water-stopping and ground strengthening, respectively.

一方、分岐部側壁１７の内部には、分岐部頂版８と分岐部底版９とを支える支保材としての役割を果たす、分岐部側壁支保材１１が補強部材として内蔵されている。勿論、分岐部側壁１７の外側に残した山留材の役割をした分岐トンネル２の覆工体の更に外側は、地下水の浸入が無い地盤条件では、補足地盤改良をする必要が無いが、浸水が有る場合は、補足地盤改良を施し、補足改良した地盤２０を設ける。   On the other hand, a branching portion side wall supporting material 11 serving as a supporting material for supporting the branching portion top plate 8 and the branching portion bottom plate 9 is built in the branching portion side wall 17 as a reinforcing member. Of course, there is no need for additional ground improvement on the outer side of the lining body of the branch tunnel 2 that has served as a mountain retaining material left outside the branch portion side wall 17 under ground conditions where there is no ingress of groundwater. When there is, the supplementary ground improvement is performed and the supplemented ground 20 is provided.

更に、「本線トンネル１の覆工体を補強する第一の支保材」である本線部側壁支保材１０、本線部垂直支保材１２及び本線部水平支保材１４ａ、また、「分岐トンネル２の覆工体を補強する第二の支保材」である分岐部垂直支保材１３及び分岐部水平支保材１４ｂが配置されている。   Further, the main line side wall support material 10, the main line vertical support material 12 and the main line horizontal support material 14 a, which are “first support materials for reinforcing the lining body of the main tunnel 1”, A branching portion vertical supporting member 13 and a branching portion horizontal supporting member 14b, which are “second supporting members for reinforcing the work body”, are arranged.

図１０から図１３に示すように、施工途中、第一の支保材である本線部側壁支保材１０、本線部垂直支保材１２、及び、本線部水平支保材１４ａは、本線トンネル１の覆工体を支持するが、本線部側壁支保材１０及び本線部水平支保材１４ａはコンクリートに埋設し、補強部材となるのに対し、本線部垂直支保材１２はコンクリート打設後は撤去する。第二の支保材である分岐部垂直支保材１３と分岐部水平支保材１４ｂは、分岐トンネル２の覆工体を支持し、コンクリート打設後、分岐部垂直支保材１３は撤去され、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂはコンクリートに埋設され、補強部材となる。第三の支保材である分岐部側壁支保材１１と山留用垂直支保材１５は、「山留材」である頂版パイプルーフ６及び底版パイプルーフ７を支持するが、分岐部側壁支保材１１はコンクリートに埋設し、補強部材となるのに対し、山留用垂直支保材１５はコンクリート打設後、撤去して完成する。   As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, during construction, the main line side wall support material 10, the main line vertical support material 12, and the main line horizontal support material 14 a, which are the first support materials, are lining the main tunnel 1. The main line side wall supporting material 10 and the main line horizontal supporting material 14a are embedded in the concrete and become reinforcing members, while the main line vertical supporting material 12 is removed after placing the concrete. The branch support vertical support member 13 and the branch support horizontal support member 14b, which are the second support members, support the covering body of the branch tunnel 2, and after placing the concrete, the branch support member 13 is removed, and the branch portion The horizontal support material 14b is embedded in concrete and serves as a reinforcing member. The branch support side wall support material 11 and the mountain retaining vertical support material 15, which are the third support materials, support the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7, which are “mountings”, but the branch portion side wall support material 11. Is embedded in concrete and becomes a reinforcing member, whereas the vertical support material 15 for mountain retaining is removed and completed after placing the concrete.

ここで、図４に示すように、図３のＣ−Ｃ線に沿う断面図、すなわち、頂版パイプルーフ６を内蔵する分岐部頂版８のトンネル長手方向における断面構造を説明する。頂版パイプルーフ６は、パイプ２１とジョイント２２とからなり、パイプ２１同士はフック型のジョイント２２で連結されている。このジョイント２２はパイプ２１の長手方向側面に間断なく設置されており、頂版パイプルーフ６を構築するに当り、パイプ２１を順次脇にジョイント２２を噛み合せながら容易にスライドさせて並べることによりルーフ状になるように工夫されている。このように連続して組み立てられた頂版パイプルーフ６は、地中で地盤を支える鋼材であり、その各パイプ２１の内部はコンクリート等の充填剤２３を打設できるよう、空洞となっている。従来は前記空洞にコンクリート等は充填しなかった。しかし、更に、より強度を増し、折り曲がりにくくするために、パイプ２１の内空には、地盤に挿通した後にＨ形鋼材２４を鉄骨として挿入し、コンクリートを充填打設する。型枠２９を仮設後、分岐部頂版８、分岐部底版９及び分岐部側壁１７及び本線部側壁１６にコンクリートを打設して、分合流部トンネル躯体８０を構築する。なお、頂版パイプルーフ６と本線部水平支保材１４との間の連結材２５は、全てのパイプ２１に間断なく設置するのではなく、１本置きの如く断続的に設置することができる。コンクリートが硬化し、分岐部頂版８を構築し終えたら、型枠２９を取り外す。   Here, as shown in FIG. 4, a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 3, that is, a cross-sectional structure in the tunnel longitudinal direction of the branch top plate 8 incorporating the top plate pipe roof 6 will be described. The top plate pipe roof 6 includes a pipe 21 and a joint 22, and the pipes 21 are connected to each other by a hook-type joint 22. The joint 22 is installed on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 21 without interruption. When the top plate pipe roof 6 is constructed, the pipe 21 is sequentially slid and arranged side by side while engaging the joint 22 side by side. It is devised to become. The top pipe roof 6 continuously assembled in this way is a steel material that supports the ground in the ground, and the inside of each pipe 21 is hollow so that a filler 23 such as concrete can be placed therein. . Conventionally, the cavity has not been filled with concrete or the like. However, in order to further increase the strength and make it difficult to bend, the H-shaped steel material 24 is inserted into the inner space of the pipe 21 as a steel frame after being inserted into the ground and filled with concrete. After the formwork 29 is temporarily installed, concrete is placed on the branch top plate 8, the branch bottom plate 9, the branch side wall 17, and the main line side wall 16 to construct the branching junction tunnel housing 80. In addition, the connection material 25 between the top plate pipe roof 6 and the main line horizontal support member 14 can be intermittently installed as every other pipe, instead of being installed on all the pipes 21 without interruption. When the concrete is hardened and the construction of the bifurcation top plate 8 is completed, the mold 29 is removed.

同様に、底版パイプルーフ７を内蔵する分岐部底版９のトンネル長手方向における断面構造は、これとは上下逆転して構築する。   Similarly, the cross-sectional structure in the tunnel longitudinal direction of the bifurcation bottom plate 9 incorporating the bottom plate pipe roof 7 is constructed upside down.

次に、パイプルーフ工法によって本線トンネル１と分岐トンネル２とを地中にて連結する施工手順について説明する。
《本線トンネル１内に第一の支保材１０、１２、１４ａを構築》 Next, a construction procedure for connecting the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 in the ground by the pipe roof construction method will be described.
<< Construction of the first support materials 10, 12, 14a in the main tunnel 1 >>

図５に示すように、本線シールド機２６が本線トンネル１を掘進中に、「第一の支保材」である本線部水平支保材１４ａ、本線部垂直支保材１２及び本線部側壁支保材１０が設置され、これら第一の支保材１４ａ、１２及び１０構築時に図示しない作業架台も構築される。この本線部水平支保材１４ａと本線部側壁支保材１０は、トンネル分合流拡幅部３の構築時に鉄骨として使用することができる。
《本線トンネル１内より上側地盤１８、下側地盤１９の改良を施す》 As shown in FIG. 5, while the main shield machine 26 digs through the main tunnel 1, the main line horizontal support material 14 a, the main line vertical support material 12, and the main line side wall support material 10, which are “first support materials”. Installed, a work platform (not shown) is constructed when constructing the first support members 14a, 12 and 10. The main line horizontal support member 14a and the main line side wall support member 10 can be used as a steel frame when the tunnel branching and merging widening part 3 is constructed.
<< Improve the upper ground 18 and the lower ground 19 from the main tunnel 1 >>

図６に示すように、分岐トンネル２が施工される予定の周辺地山に、殊に分岐トンネル２の覆工体上下に地盤１８、１９の地盤改良が、止水性及び地盤強度等を増した地盤にするために同時に又は順次施工される。従って、湧水を伴わない強固な地盤では、地盤改良規模を小さくでき、全く湧水を伴わなければ地盤改良が不要となる場合がある。
《分岐トンネル２を本線トンネル１に近接させて施工する》 As shown in FIG. 6, the ground improvement of the ground 18 and 19 on the surrounding ground where the branch tunnel 2 is planned to be constructed, especially above and below the lining body of the branch tunnel 2, increased the water stoppage and the strength of the ground. It is constructed simultaneously or sequentially to make the ground. Therefore, on a strong ground without spring water, the scale of ground improvement can be reduced, and there may be no need for ground improvement without any spring water.
<Construction with branch tunnel 2 close to main tunnel 1>

図７に示すように、分岐シールド機２７で、分岐トンネル２が本線トンネル１の隣に離隔して構築される。分岐トンネル２が本線トンネル１に近接して施工されることで、本線トンネル１の覆工体へ作用する分岐トンネル２からの裏込め圧については、本線トンネル１内に構築・設置された第一の支保材である本線部水平支保材１４ａ、本線部垂直支保材１２及び本線部側壁支保材１０で受けることができる。分岐シールド機２７をトンネル分合流拡幅部３の区間が確保できる位置まで掘進させ、分岐トンネル２を構築し終える。
《頂版パイプルーフ６及び底版パイプルーフ７を設置する》 As shown in FIG. 7, the branch shield 2 is constructed by separating the branch tunnel 2 next to the main tunnel 1. As the branch tunnel 2 is constructed close to the main tunnel 1, the backfill pressure from the branch tunnel 2 acting on the lining body of the main tunnel 1 is the first constructed and installed in the main tunnel 1. The main line horizontal support material 14a, the main line vertical support material 12, and the main line side wall support material 10 can be received. The branch shield machine 27 is dug up to a position where the section of the tunnel branching and joining widening portion 3 can be secured, and the construction of the branch tunnel 2 is completed.
<Installing the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7>

図８に示すように、地盤改良された地盤１８、１９中に、それぞれ頂版パイプルーフ６，底版パイプルーフ７が水平方向に本線トンネル１内から構築される。頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７を構築するための掘削方法は、ケーシング内を電動モータで回転させながら回転軸方向に押し込むスクリューオーガ式で、掘削すると共にケーシングを圧入ジャッキで押し込む。頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７は、上下同時に又は順次施工する。頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７は、ジョイント２２を介して隣接するパイプ２１と連結しながら地盤改良された地盤１８、１９中に挿通していく。
《分岐トンネル２内より分岐トンネル２の覆工体外側を地盤改良する》 As shown in FIG. 8, the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 are respectively constructed in the main tunnel 1 in the horizontal direction in the grounds 18 and 19 whose ground has been improved. The excavation method for building the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 is a screw auger type in which the inside of the casing is rotated by an electric motor and pushed in the direction of the rotation axis, and the casing is pushed in with a press-fit jack. The top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 are constructed simultaneously or sequentially up and down. The top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 are inserted into the grounds 18 and 19 improved in the ground while being connected to the adjacent pipes 21 through the joints 22.
<< Improve the ground outside the lining body of the branch tunnel 2 from inside the branch tunnel 2 >>

図９に示すように、分岐トンネル２内から、当該覆工体の外側に向けて地盤改良が施され、地盤２０が改良される。また、止水性を高める必要があれば補足地盤改良を施こす。
《分岐トンネル２内に第二の支保材１３を構築する》 As shown in FIG. 9, the ground is improved from the inside of the branch tunnel 2 toward the outside of the lining body, and the ground 20 is improved. In addition, if it is necessary to increase the waterstop, supplementary ground improvement will be applied.
<< Construction of the second support material 13 in the branch tunnel 2 >>

図１０に示すように、分岐部垂直支保材１３が分岐トンネル２内に構築される。
《本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２内に第三の支保材１５、１１を構築する》 As shown in FIG. 10, the branch vertical support member 13 is constructed in the branch tunnel 2.
<< Construction of Third Support Materials 15 and 11 in Main Tunnel 1 and Branch Tunnel 2 >>

図１０に示すように、山留用垂直支保材１５及び分岐部側壁支保材１１が本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２内に構築される。これらは、分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を解体し、内部地山５０の掘削前に行う。このうち分岐部側壁支保材１１は、分岐トンネル２内に残って、トンネル分合流拡幅部３の躯体構造の一部となる。頂版パイプルーフ６の先端部の分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を解体し分岐部側壁支保材１１と結合し、底版パイプルーフ７の先端部の分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を解体して分岐部側壁支保材１１とを結合し、頂版パイプルーフ６と底版パイプルーフ７の本線トンネル１側と山留用垂直支保材１５を結合する。これにより本線トンネル１、分岐トンネル２及びパイプルーフ６、７と一体に定着した分合流部外郭７０の構造体を構築する。
《本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を撤去する》 As shown in FIG. 10, the vertical support member 15 for mountain retaining and the branch side wall support member 11 are constructed in the main line tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2. These are performed before the internal ground 50 is excavated by dismantling part of the lining body of the branch tunnel 2. Among these, the branching portion side wall supporting material 11 remains in the branching tunnel 2 and becomes a part of the casing structure of the tunnel branching and joining widening portion 3. A part of the covering body of the branch tunnel 2 at the front end portion of the top plate pipe roof 6 is disassembled and joined to the branch portion side wall support material 11, and a part of the covering body of the branch tunnel 2 at the front end portion of the bottom plate pipe roof 7. And the bifurcated side wall support material 11 are combined, and the main tunnel 1 side of the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 and the vertical support material 15 for mountain retaining are combined. As a result, a structure of the branching junction outer shell 70 fixed integrally with the main tunnel 1, the branch tunnel 2, and the pipe roofs 6 and 7 is constructed.
<< Removing part of the lining body of the main tunnel 1 and branch tunnel 2 >>

図１１に示すように、覆工体の一部を撤去する作業は、上部より順次行い、内部地山５０の掘削後迅速に本線部水平支保材１４ａと分岐部水平支保材１４ｂを連結する。これは、覆工体の解体に伴い分合流部外郭７０の構造体を維持するため順次行う。図１１（ａ）には、トンネル分合流拡幅部３を構築した状態の、トンネル分合流拡幅部３の分岐幅最大端部４の断面図を、図１１（ｂ）には、平面図を示す。但し、図１１では、妻側の地盤改良の範囲は省略している。
《分合流部トンネル躯体８０を構築する》 As shown in FIG. 11, the work of removing a part of the lining body is sequentially performed from the top, and the main line horizontal support material 14a and the branching horizontal support material 14b are quickly connected after excavation of the internal ground 50. This is sequentially performed in order to maintain the structure of the merging / flowing portion outline 70 as the lining body is dismantled. FIG. 11A shows a cross-sectional view of the maximum branching width end portion 4 of the tunnel branching / merging / widening part 3 in a state where the tunneling / merging / widening part 3 is constructed, and FIG. 11 (b) shows a plan view. . However, in FIG. 11, the range of ground improvement on the wife side is omitted.
<Constructing the junction 80

図１２に示すように、分合流部トンネル躯体８０が構築される。躯体構造は、鉄骨で、頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７と本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の覆工体とが連結し、一体化する。頂版パイプルーフ６のパイプ２１内にはＨ形鋼材２４を配置し、分岐部頂版８へコンクリートを打設する際にパイプ２１内部にもコンクリート等の充填剤２３を充填する。勿論、底版パイプルーフ７についても同様である。コンクリートの打設は、分岐部底版９、分岐部側壁１７、本線部側壁１６及び分岐部頂版８の順に行う。このとき支保材として仮設した本線部水平支保材１４ａ、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂ、分岐部側壁支保材１１及び本線部側壁支保材１０を、分合流部トンネル躯体８０の補強部材として利用し、分岐部頂版８、本線部側壁１６、分岐部側壁１７及び分岐部底版９等と一体化して分合流部トンネル躯体８０を構築する本線部水平支保材１４ａ、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂ、分岐部側壁支保材１１及び本線部側壁支保材１０をコンクリートの補強部材として利用可能なため、分合流部トンネル躯体８０の構築厚を薄くすることができる。また、支保材の解体作業を少なくすることができる。
《分合流部トンネル躯体８０内側の分岐空間１００内にある支保材１２、１３、１５を撤去する》 As shown in FIG. 12, a merging / merging portion tunnel housing 80 is constructed. The frame structure is a steel frame, and the top plate pipe roof 6, bottom plate pipe roof 7, and the main tunnel 1 and the cover of the branch tunnel 2 are connected and integrated. An H-shaped steel material 24 is arranged in the pipe 21 of the top plate roof 6, and the concrete is filled with a filler 23 such as concrete when the concrete is placed on the branch top plate 8. Of course, the same applies to the bottom plate pipe roof 7. The concrete is placed in the order of the branch bottom plate 9, the branch portion side wall 17, the main line side wall 16, and the branch portion top plate 8. At this time, the main line horizontal support material 14a, the branch horizontal support material 14b, the branch side wall support material 11 and the main line side wall support material 10, which are temporarily installed as support materials, are used as reinforcing members of the branch junction tunnel housing 80, and are branched. The main line horizontal support material 14a, the branch horizontal support material 14b, the branch side wall, which are integrated with the top plate 8, the main line side wall 16, the branch side wall 17 and the branch bottom plate 9, etc. Since the support material 11 and the main line side wall support material 10 can be used as a concrete reinforcing member, the construction thickness of the split junction tunnel housing 80 can be reduced. Moreover, the work of dismantling the support material can be reduced.
<< Removing the supporting members 12, 13, 15 in the branch space 100 inside the branching tunnel body 80 >>

図１３に示すように、分合流部トンネル躯体８０のコンクリートが養生され、硬化し構築された後、分岐空間１００内にある無用になった本線部垂直支保材１２、分岐部垂直支保材１３及び山留用垂直支保材１５を撤去し、分岐空間１００を構築する。   As shown in FIG. 13, after the concrete of the merging and merging section tunnel housing 80 is cured, hardened and constructed, the main line vertical support material 12, the branch vertical support material 13, which are in use in the branch space 100, and The vertical support material 15 for mountain retaining is removed, and the branch space 100 is constructed.

この発明の実施の形態１における分岐空間１００の完成図を図１３に示す。   FIG. 13 shows a completed view of the branch space 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

トンネル分合流拡幅部３は、分岐部頂版８、分岐部底版９、本線部側壁１６及び分岐部側壁１７で囲まれている分岐空間１００を有しており、また、仮設構造体である支保材１０、１１、１４ａ、１４ｂと頂底版パイプルーフ６、７等の鋼材を適切に配置・結合することにより、本体構造の一部として利用できるので、無用になるはずの仮設資材を減量できる。そして、その結果、水平防護を含む強度が向上するので、頂版厚や底版厚を薄くできる。
〔発明の実施の形態２〕 The tunnel junction merging widening portion 3 has a branch space 100 surrounded by a branch portion top plate 8, a branch portion bottom plate 9, a main line side wall 16 and a branch portion side wall 17, and is a support structure which is a temporary structure. By appropriately arranging and connecting the steel members 10, 11, 14a, 14b and the steel materials such as the top plate pipe roofs 6, 7, etc., they can be used as a part of the main body structure, so that the temporary material that should be useless can be reduced. As a result, the strength including horizontal protection is improved, so that the top plate thickness and the bottom plate thickness can be reduced.
[Embodiment 2 of the Invention]

図３中の一点鎖線で示される部分及び図１４乃至図１７は、この発明の実施の形態２に係る図で、施工工程を示している。   The portion indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3 and FIGS. 14 to 17 are diagrams according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and show the construction process.

本線トンネル１と分岐トンネル２間に介在する内部地山たる土砂５０を掘削することから、土水圧の作用により、分岐トンネル２が本線トンネル１側へ滑動する場合がある。このため水平支保材を土砂５０の掘削とほぼ同時に早期構築する必要があり、効率的な作業の妨げになっていた。本発明は、図３中の一点鎖線で示されるように、分岐部側壁１７の外側に向けて、残存する分岐トンネル２の覆工体の内側から放射状にグランドアンカー３０が配置され、グランドアンカー３０とそれが張り巡らされた地山が一体となり、分岐トンネル２の滑動を抑制できるので、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂの速やかな施工が不必要になり、施工性が向上する。
《分岐トンネル２内よりグランドアンカー３０を設置》 Since the earth and sand 50 that is an internal ground between the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 is excavated, the branch tunnel 2 may slide to the main tunnel 1 side due to the action of soil water pressure. For this reason, it is necessary to construct the horizontal support material at almost the same time as the excavation of the earth and sand 50, which hinders efficient work. In the present invention, as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the ground anchors 30 are arranged radially from the inside of the covering body of the remaining branch tunnel 2 toward the outside of the branch portion side wall 17. And the ground where it is stretched is united and the sliding of the branch tunnel 2 can be suppressed, so that the quick construction of the branching portion horizontal support material 14b becomes unnecessary, and the workability is improved.
<< Ground anchor 30 is installed from the inside of the branch tunnel 2 >>

図１４に示すように、グランドアンカー３０が分岐トンネル２の覆工体の内側から外側に向けて改良した地盤２０を突き抜けて、地山に張り巡らされ、設置される。
《分岐トンネル２内に第二の支保材１３を構築》 As shown in FIG. 14, the ground anchor 30 penetrates the ground 20 improved from the inside to the outside of the covering body of the branch tunnel 2, is stretched around the ground, and is installed.
<< Construction of the second support material 13 in the branch tunnel 2 >>

図１５に示すように、分岐トンネル２の矩形覆工体の外側垂直部材を支保材の一部として使用できる。これは、実施の形態１の図１０で示した場合と比べて、グランドアンカー３０が土水圧による滑動を防止するため、その分、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂの設置は少なくても済む。
《本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を撤去し、拡幅施工する》 As shown in FIG. 15, the outer vertical member of the rectangular covering body of the branch tunnel 2 can be used as a part of the support material. Compared to the case shown in FIG. 10 of the first embodiment, the ground anchor 30 prevents the ground anchor 30 from sliding due to the soil water pressure, and accordingly, the installation of the branching portion horizontal support member 14b is less.
《Part of the lining body of main tunnel 1 and branch tunnel 2 is removed and widened construction》

図１６に示すように、拡幅作業が進められる。覆工体の一部を撤去する拡幅作業は、上部より順次行い、適宜分岐部水平支保材１４ｂを連結する。妻部は、上方からの掘削と共に山留めを行い、構築する。但し、図１６では、妻側の地盤改良の範囲は省略している。
《分合流部トンネル躯体８０を構築》 As shown in FIG. 16, the widening operation is advanced. The widening operation for removing a part of the lining body is sequentially performed from the top, and the branch horizontal support member 14b is appropriately connected. The wife part is constructed by excavating from above and mountain retaining. However, in FIG. 16, the range of ground improvement on the wife side is omitted.
<Construction of the junction 80

図１７に示すように、分合流部トンネル躯体８０を構築している。躯体構造は、頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７と本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の覆工体とが連結し、一体化して、分合流部外郭７０となる。頂版パイプルーフ６のパイプ２１内にはＨ形鋼材２４を配置し、分岐部頂版８コンクリート打設時にパイプ２１内部にもコンクリートを充填することが好適である。分岐部底版９についても同様である。コンクリートの打設は、下方から、分岐部底版９、分岐部側壁１７、本線部側壁１６、分岐部頂版８の順に行い、コンクリート硬化後、用済みの支保材を撤去し、この実施の形態２における分合流部トンネル躯体８０は、完成する。   As shown in FIG. 17, a merging / merging portion tunnel housing 80 is constructed. In the frame structure, the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 are connected to the lining bodies of the main line tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 to be integrated into a merging / flowing portion outline 70. It is preferable that an H-shaped steel material 24 is arranged in the pipe 21 of the top plate pipe roof 6 and the pipe 21 is filled with concrete when the branch top plate 8 concrete is placed. The same applies to the branch bottom plate 9. The concrete is placed from the bottom in the order of the branch bottom plate 9, the branch portion side wall 17, the main line side wall 16, and the branch portion top plate 8, and after the concrete is hardened, the used support material is removed. 2 is completed.

図１４乃至図１７には、この発明の実施の形態２の施工工程の後半を示す。   14 to 17 show the second half of the construction process according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

比較の為、この発明の実施の形態１では、頂底版パイプルーフ６及び７を本線トンネル１の覆工体内側から挿通して配置した後、止水性を確保するために、地盤２０を改良し、垂直に地盤を掘削し、図１０に示す分岐部側壁支保材１１を構築したことを挙げるが、この発明の実施の形態２では、上記地盤２０を改良後、分岐トンネル２の覆工体の外側地山に向けて、グランドアンカー３０を設置すると、分岐トンネル２の滑動が抑制できるので、分岐部水平支保材１４ｂの速やかな施工が不必要になり、施工性が向上する。更に、土水圧による分岐トンネル２の覆工体の滑動を防止できる。
《本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の構築》 For comparison, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, after the top plate pipe roofs 6 and 7 are inserted and arranged from the inside of the lining body of the main tunnel 1, the ground 20 is improved in order to ensure the water stoppage. In the second embodiment of the present invention, after the ground 20 is improved, the lining body of the branch tunnel 2 is improved by excavating the ground vertically and constructing the branch portion side wall support material 11 shown in FIG. When the ground anchor 30 is installed toward the outer ground, the branch tunnel 2 can be prevented from sliding, so that the rapid construction of the branch horizontal support member 14b becomes unnecessary and the workability is improved. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the covering body of the branch tunnel 2 from sliding due to soil water pressure.
<< Construction of main tunnel 1 and branch tunnel 2 >>

図１５には実施の形態２に係るトンネル分合流拡幅部３付近の断面図を示す。   FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the tunnel merging and widening portion 3 according to the second embodiment.

まず、実施の形態１のトンネル分合流拡幅部３の構築方法と同様に、頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７、分岐部側壁支保材１１及び本線部側壁支保材１０を構築して、これらの内側にコンクリートを打設し、図１６に示す通り、頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７、分岐部側壁支保材１１及び本線部側壁支保材１０をそれぞれ内蔵した分岐部頂版８、分岐部底版９、分岐部側壁１７及び本線部側壁１６を構築する。   First, similarly to the construction method of the tunnel merging and widening portion 3 of the first embodiment, the top plate pipe roof 6, the bottom plate pipe roof 7, the branch side wall support material 11 and the main line side wall support material 10 are constructed. As shown in FIG. 16, the top plate pipe roof 6, the bottom plate pipe roof 7, the branch portion side wall support material 11 and the main line side wall support material 10 are incorporated, as shown in FIG. The bottom plate 9, the branch side wall 17, and the main line side wall 16 are constructed.

ここで、図１３のように、分岐部側壁１７は、分岐トンネル２の覆工体の一部を補強部材の一部として分合流部トンネル躯体８０に埋め込んでも良い。
〔発明の実施の形態３〕 Here, as shown in FIG. 13, the branching portion side wall 17 may be embedded in the branching junction tunnel housing 80 with a part of the covering body of the branching tunnel 2 as a part of the reinforcing member.
Embodiment 3 of the Invention

図１８には、この発明の実施の形態３の完成断面図を示す。   FIG. 18 shows a completed sectional view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

この発明の実施の形態３では、本線トンネル１と分岐トンネル２との分流・合流部には、合流車線、走行車線、追越車線の３車線が並走する場合、本線トンネル１内には、本線である走行車線と追越車線が配置され、分岐トンネル２内には、合流車線が配置され、本線トンネル１には車両の分流・合流の妨げにならないように走行車線と追越車線間に中柱３１を設置する。
〔発明の実施の形態４〕 In Embodiment 3 of the present invention, when three lanes of a merging lane, a traveling lane, and an overtaking lane run in parallel at the diversion / merging portion between the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2, The main lane and the overtaking lane are arranged, a junction lane is arranged in the branch tunnel 2, and the main tunnel 1 is placed between the driving lane and the overtaking lane so as not to disturb the diversion / merging of vehicles. The middle pillar 31 is installed.
[Embodiment 4 of the Invention]

図１９には、この発明の実施の形態４の完成断面図を示す。   FIG. 19 shows a completed sectional view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

この発明の実施の形態４では、本線トンネル１の覆工体の一部の内側で、且つ、分岐空間１００の天井面の上側の空間部に、換気ダクト３４や消防用出水管３５等を設け、天板３２で区切り、収納・保護したり、本線トンネル１の覆工体の一部の内側で、且つ、分岐空間１００の床面の下側の空間部に、避難施設３６や共同溝３７等を設け、床板３３で区切り、その上を歩道や車線路にする。本線トンネル１の覆工体が地山を支えているので、分岐空間１００に余分なコンクリートを打設する必要が無く、このようなトンネル管理用の空間として使える。   In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation duct 34, a fire discharge pipe 35, and the like are provided inside a part of the lining body of the main tunnel 1 and in the space above the ceiling surface of the branch space 100. The evacuation facility 36 and the common groove 37 are separated, stored and protected by the top plate 32, inside the part of the lining body of the main tunnel 1 and below the floor surface of the branch space 100. Etc., are separated by the floor board 33, and the top is used as a sidewalk or a track. Since the lining body of the main tunnel 1 supports the natural ground, it is not necessary to place extra concrete in the branch space 100 and can be used as a space for such tunnel management.

尚、これらの各実施の形態では本線トンネルを掘削してから分岐シールド機２７を発進させ分岐トンネル２を掘削したが、分岐トンネル２を先行して構築してから本線トンネル１を掘削し、トンネル分合流拡幅部３を構築することもできる。   In each of these embodiments, the main tunnel is excavated and then the branch shield machine 27 is started to excavate the branch tunnel 2. However, the main tunnel 1 is excavated after the branch tunnel 2 is constructed in advance. It is also possible to construct the merging and widening part 3.

更に、以上の各実施の形態では、本線シールド機２６及び分岐シールド機２７の断面形状は、それぞれ円形及び矩形のため頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７を施工し易い旨を説明したが、矩形に限定することなく、円形、馬蹄形、円弧状矩形等どのような形状でもよく、またシールド形式も制限はなく、更に以上の実施の形態では、分岐部頂版８及び分岐部底版９のパイプルーフをスクリューオーガ式によって構築したが、シールド工法又は推進工法等で構築してもよい。   Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, it has been described that the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 are easy to construct because the cross-sectional shapes of the main line shield machine 26 and the branch shield machine 27 are circular and rectangular, respectively. The shape is not limited to a rectangle, and may be any shape such as a circle, a horseshoe shape, an arc-shaped rectangle, and the shield type is not limited. In the above embodiment, the pipes of the branch top plate 8 and the branch bottom plate 9 are used. Although the roof is constructed by a screw auger type, it may be constructed by a shield construction method or a propulsion construction method.

また、本線トンネル１の供用後の車線本数は、１車線に限らず、複数車線でも構わない。   Further, the number of lanes after the main tunnel 1 is in service is not limited to one lane, and a plurality of lanes may be used.

更にまた、シールド機による拡幅工事の覆工体には、コンクリート製、ダクタイル製、鋼製等を使用したり、打設するコンクリートには、高流動性のものを使用しても良い。   Furthermore, concrete, ductile, steel, or the like may be used as the lining body for the widening work by the shield machine, and high fluidity may be used for the concrete to be placed.

ところで、地盤改良は、止水性を増した地盤にするために施工されるものであり、湧水を伴わない地盤では、地盤改良規模を小さくでき、全く湧水を伴わなければ地盤改良が不要となる場合があることは言うまでもない。   By the way, the ground improvement is constructed to make the ground with increased water-stopping property, and the ground improvement scale can be reduced in the ground without spring water, and ground improvement is unnecessary if there is no spring water at all. It goes without saying that there may be cases.

この発明は、土木、建築等、特に、地下高速道路等のトンネル掘削工法において、分岐部分、すなわち、地中での合・分流箇所の工法を地上からの開削工法によらずに、地下で進めることができるので、未来型地下都市構築のためのジオフロント、例えば、大深度地下計画等にも応用できる。   This invention is a civil engineering, construction, etc., especially in tunnel excavation methods such as underground highways, branching, that is, the construction method of the joint / divergence point in the ground is advanced underground, not by the excavation method from the ground Therefore, it can be applied to geofronts for future underground city construction, such as deep underground planning.

この発明の実施の形態１に係る本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の分合流部分を示す図で、（ａ）は、本線トンネル１に分岐トンネル２から合流する部分を示す路線平面図、（ｂ）は、本線トンネル１から分岐トンネル２に分流する部分を示す路線平面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the division | segmentation junction part of the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, (a) is a route top view which shows the part which joins the main tunnel 1 from the branch tunnel 2, (b) These are route top views which show the part branched from the main tunnel 1 to the branch tunnel 2. FIG. 同実施の形態１に係る図１のトンネル分岐部たる分合流拡幅部３の平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of a branching and merging widening portion 3 as a tunnel branching portion of FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment. 同実施の形態１に係る図２のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which follows the BB line of FIG. 2 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG. 同実施の形態１に係る図３のＣ−Ｃ線に沿う縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which follows the CC line of FIG. 3 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG. 同実施の形態１又は２に係る本線トンネル１内に本線部水平支保材１４ａを設置した断面図で、（ａ）は、横断面図、（ｂ）は、縦断面図である。It is sectional drawing which installed the main line part horizontal support material 14a in the main line tunnel 1 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1 or 2, (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 同実施の形態１又は２に係る本線トンネル１から地盤１８、１９に地盤改良した断面図で、（ａ）は、横断面図、（ｂ）は、縦断面図である。It is sectional drawing which improved the ground from the main line tunnel 1 which concerns on the Embodiment 1 or 2 to the ground 18,19, (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 同実施の形態１又は２に係る分岐トンネル２を本線トンネル１の隣に離隔して掘削した断面図で、（ａ）は、横断面図、（ｂ）は、縦断面図である。It is sectional drawing which excavated the branched tunnel 2 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1 or 2 separately from the main line tunnel 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 同実施の形態１又は２に係る頂版パイプルーフ６、底版パイプルーフ７を設置した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which installed the top plate pipe roof 6 and the bottom plate pipe roof 7 which concern on the Embodiment 1 or 2. 同実施の形態１に係る地盤２０に補足地盤改良した断面図で、（ａ）は、横断面図、（ｂ）は、縦断面図である。It is sectional drawing which carried out supplementary ground improvement to the ground 20 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 同実施の形態１に係る分岐トンネル２の分岐部側壁支保材１１、分岐部垂直支保材１３を設置した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which installed the branch part side wall support material 11 and the branch part vertical support material 13 of the branch tunnel 2 which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG. 同実施の形態１に係る本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の一部の覆工体を撤去し、拡幅した断面図で、（ａ）は、横断面図、（ｂ）は、縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in which part of the main tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 according to the first embodiment is removed and widened, (a) is a cross-sectional view, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view. . 同実施の形態１に係るコンクリートを打設し、トンネル分岐部本体を構築した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which laid concrete which concerns on the same Embodiment 1, and constructed | assembled the tunnel branch part main body. 同実施の形態１に係る用済み支保材を撤去した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which removed the used support material which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG. この発明の同実施の形態２に係るグランドアンカー３０を設置した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which installed the ground anchor 30 which concerns on the same Embodiment 2 of this invention. 同実施の形態２に係る分岐トンネル２の分岐部側壁支保材１１、分岐部垂直支保材１３を設置した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which installed the branch part side wall support material 11 and the branch part vertical support material 13 of the branch tunnel 2 which concerns on the same Embodiment 2. FIG. 同実施の形態２に係る本線トンネル１及び分岐トンネル２の一部の覆工体を撤去し、拡幅した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which removed some lining bodies of the main line tunnel 1 and the branch tunnel 2 which concern on the same Embodiment 2, and expanded. 同実施の形態２に係るコンクリートを打設し、トンネル分岐部本体を構築した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which laid concrete which concerns on the same Embodiment 2, and constructed | assembled the tunnel branch part main body. この発明の同実施の形態３に係る中柱３１を設置した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which installed the middle pillar 31 which concerns on the same Embodiment 3 of this invention. この発明の同実施の形態４に係る分岐空間１００を形成した横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which formed the branched space 100 which concerns on the same Embodiment 4 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 本線トンネル
２ 分岐トンネル（ON or OFFランプトンネル）
３ トンネル分合流拡幅部
４ 本線トンネル分岐幅最大端部
５ 本線トンネル分岐発端部
６ 頂版パイプルーフ
７ 底版パイプルーフ
８ 分岐部頂版
９ 分岐部底版
１０ 本線部側壁支保材
１１ 分岐部側壁支保材
１２ 本線部垂直支保材
１３ 分岐部垂直支保材
１４ａ 本線部水平支保材
１４ｂ 分岐部水平支保材
１５ 山留用垂直支保材
１６ 本線部側壁
１７ 分岐部側壁
１８ 上側地盤
１９ 下側地盤
２０ 地盤
２１ パイプ
２２ ジョイント
２３ 充填剤
２４ Ｈ形鋼材
２５ 連結材
２６ 本線シールド機
２７ 分岐シールド機
２９ 型枠
３０ グランドアンカー
３１ 中柱
３２ 天板
３３ 床板
３４ 換気ダクト
３５ 消防用出水管
３６ 避難施設
３７ 共同溝
５０ 内部地山（土砂）
７０ 分合流部外郭
８０ 分合流部トンネル躯体
１００ 分岐空間
1 Main tunnel 2 Branch tunnel (ON or OFF ramp tunnel)
3 Tunnel junction merging widening part 4 Main line tunnel branch width maximum end part 5 Main line tunnel branch start part 6 Top plate pipe roof 7 Bottom plate pipe roof 8 Branch part top plate 9 Branch part bottom plate 10 Main part side wall support material 11 Branch part side wall support material DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Main line part vertical support material 13 Branch part vertical support material 14a Main line part horizontal support material 14b Branch part horizontal support material 15 Vertical support material for mountain retaining 16 Main line side wall 17 Branch part side wall 18 Upper ground 19 Lower ground 20 Ground 21 Pipe 22 Joint 23 Filler 24 H-shaped steel material 25 Connecting material 26 Main line shield machine 27 Branch shield machine 29 Formwork 30 Ground anchor 31 Center pillar 32 Top plate 33 Floor plate 34 Ventilation duct 35 Drain pipe for fire fighting 36 Evacuation facility 37 Joint groove 50 Internal ground Mountain
70 Outer junction 80 Outer tunnel tunnel 100 Branch space

Claims (7)

本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部のトンネルにおいて、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネルの上下に配設される山留材と、本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の補強部材と、分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の補強部材と、前記山留材を支持する第三の補強部材とを有し、前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部、前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部、および、前記山留材、で形成された分合流部外郭の内側にコンクリートが打設されて前記第一、第二及び第三の補強部材が埋設されて分合流部トンネル躯体が構成され、該分合流部トンネル躯体内側に分岐空間が形成されたことを特徴とする分合流部のトンネル。 In a branching / merging section that branches from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel, a mountain retaining material disposed above and below the branch tunnel from the main tunnel, a first reinforcing member that reinforces the main tunnel lining, and a branch A second reinforcing member that reinforces the tunnel covering body and a third reinforcing member that supports the mountain retaining material, a part of the main tunnel covering body, and a part of the branch tunnel covering body In addition, the concrete is placed inside the merging section outer shell formed by the mountain retaining material, and the first, second and third reinforcing members are embedded to constitute the merging section tunnel housing, A tunnel of a junction / merging portion, wherein a branch space is formed inside the junction / merging portion tunnel housing. 前記山留材としてパイプルーフを使用し、該パイプルーフと前記コンクリートを一体構造としたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の分合流部のトンネル。 The tunnel of the branching junction according to claim 1, wherein a pipe roof is used as the mountain retaining material, and the pipe roof and the concrete are integrated. 前記分岐トンネル覆工体は矩形であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の分合流部のトンネル。 The branching tunnel covering body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the branch tunnel covering body is rectangular. 前記本線トンネルの前記分岐空間内に、中柱を構築したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか１項に記載の分合流部のトンネル。 4. The branching junction tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a middle pillar is constructed in the branch space of the main tunnel. 前記本線トンネル覆工体の一部の内側で、前記分岐空間の床面の下側又は、前記分岐空間の天井面の上側に、空間部を形成したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の何れか１項に記載の分合流部のトンネル。 The space part is formed inside a part of the main line tunnel covering body, below the floor surface of the branch space or above the ceiling surface of the branch space. The tunnel of the junction part of any one of Claims 1. 本線トンネルから分岐トンネルに分岐する分合流部を構築する方法において、シールド機で前記本線トンネルを構築し、前記分岐トンネルを前記本線トンネルに沿って構築し、前記本線トンネルから前記分岐トンネル覆工体の上下に山留材を配設し、前記本線トンネル覆工体を補強する第一の支保材と前記分岐トンネル覆工体を補強する第二の支保材と前記山留材を支持する第三の支保材とを設け、前記本線トンネル覆工体および前記分岐トンネル覆工体の一部を解体し、該覆工体の解体されていない一部と前記上下の山留材で囲まれた内側にコンクリートを打設して分岐空間を形成すると共に、該分岐空間内に露出する前記各支保材を除去して分合流部を構築したことを特徴とする分合流部構築方法。 In a method for constructing a branching / merging section for branching from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel, the main tunnel is constructed by a shield machine, the branch tunnel is constructed along the main tunnel, and the branch tunnel lining body is constructed from the main tunnel. A first retaining material for reinforcing the main tunnel lining body, a second supporting material for reinforcing the branch tunnel lining body, and a third supporting the retaining material. The main tunnel lining body and a part of the branch tunnel lining body are dismantled, and the inner part surrounded by the undisassembled part of the lining body and the upper and lower mountain retaining materials A method for constructing a junction / merging section, wherein concrete is cast on a branching space to form a branching space, and each supporting member exposed in the branching space is removed to construct a branching / merging section. 前記分岐トンネル覆工体外側の地盤に向けてグランドアンカーを設置したことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の分合流部構築方法。
The method for constructing a junction / merging section according to claim 6, wherein a ground anchor is installed toward the ground outside the branch tunnel lining body.
JP2004240936A 2004-08-20 2004-08-20 Tunnel of the junction and the method of constructing the junction Expired - Fee Related JP3863158B2 (en)

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