JP3861397B2 - Internal melting furnace - Google Patents
Internal melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- JP3861397B2 JP3861397B2 JP22479197A JP22479197A JP3861397B2 JP 3861397 B2 JP3861397 B2 JP 3861397B2 JP 22479197 A JP22479197 A JP 22479197A JP 22479197 A JP22479197 A JP 22479197A JP 3861397 B2 JP3861397 B2 JP 3861397B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- ash
- combustion
- melting
- incineration
- hearth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ごみ焼却炉や各種焼却装置等から排出される未燃分を含んだ焼却灰などを溶融処理する内部溶融炉に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
都市ごみ、下水汚泥等の各廃棄物は、焼却施設で焼却処理され、生じた焼却灰や煤塵は、従来埋め立て処分されていた。しかし、埋立処分地枯渇の問題や有害重金属類の溶出による地下水汚染の問題があるため、溶融による減量・減容化と無害化の必要性が高まっている。
【0003】
このような背景から、ごみ焼却炉でごみを焼却する際、ごみを抑制燃焼(ガス化熱分解)して焼却灰の中に未燃分を残し、この未燃分を含む焼却灰を下流側の灰溶融炉で燃焼させ、その燃焼発生熱を灰の主溶融熱源とすることによって、外部から供給される熱量を減少させる内部溶融炉が提案され、一部で実処理が行われている。
【0004】
図3は従来の内部溶融炉の斜視図である。図において、aは内部溶融炉である。bは炉体である。cは焼却灰貯槽である。dは焼却灰貯槽cの下部に連接された炉床である。eは炉床dの上流側に配設した燃焼空気ノズルである。fは炉体bの上部に設けた助燃用バーナであり、gは炉体b下流側の側部に設けたプラズマトーチである。hは焼却灰貯槽c中の焼却灰を炉床dに送るプッシャである。iは溶融スラグである。
【0005】
このような内部溶融炉aにおいて、焼却灰中に含まれる未燃分の燃焼熱および溶融補助として投入される小型プラズマトーチgおよび灯油バーナfなどの助燃装置の熱により焼却灰は溶融する。溶融スラグiは、炉床dから連続出滓され、炉床dに連接した図示しない水封したスラグ冷却部に落下して急冷固化されて水冷スラグとなった後、コンベヤによりスラグピットに搬送される。焼却灰中の未燃分を燃焼させる空気は、蒸気および内部溶融炉出口排ガスにより加熱された後、高温空気として燃焼空気ノズルeに供給される。なお、炉体bの炉内壁は、輻射伝熱面として利用している。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の内部溶融炉aでは、ごみ焼却炉から排出される灰の量と溶融炉で溶融処理する灰の量がバランスしないと、溶融炉側において灰量過多により溶融スラグ中に未溶融の灰が混入することがある。また、炉内での滞留時間が短く、炉内で燃焼発熱しないで排出される未燃分がある。
【0007】
本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するために創案されたもので、溶融炉側において灰量過多による未溶融灰の混入が生じても湯溜めによって灰を完全に溶融し、また、旋回流により燃焼ガスの炉内滞留時間を長くして炉内の燃焼効率を高めることにより溶融処理能力の向上を図るようにした内部溶融炉を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明によれば、未燃分やRDFを含んだ焼却灰を、灰中の可燃分の燃焼発生熱を主溶融熱源として溶融する内部溶融炉であって、該内部溶融炉は、燃焼部と灰溶融部とからなり、燃焼部は、焼却灰貯槽と、焼却灰貯槽の下部に連接され底部に燃焼空気ノズルを有する炉床と、焼却灰貯槽中の焼却灰を炉床へ押し出すプッシャとからなり、灰溶融部は、横向きの円筒状をしており、前記燃焼部の炉床が灰溶融部底部の一端に接線方向に接続され、灰溶融部の他端はスラグ冷却部に連接され、灰溶融部上部の一端の接線方向に助燃装置が接続されていて、灰溶融部内に燃焼ガスの旋回流を形成し、灰溶融部底部に溶融スラグの湯溜めを形成した内部溶融炉が提供される。なお、RDFとはごみ固形化燃料であり、その作用については後に説明する。
【0009】
次に本発明の作用を説明する。
未燃分を含んだ焼却灰は、プッシャにより焼却灰貯槽から燃焼部の炉床へ押し出される。押し出された焼却灰は、炉床上で燃焼空気ノズルから噴出される高温の空気により未燃分が燃焼して、その熱により溶融されて溶融スラグとなり、炉床から下流側の灰溶融部へ流下する。この溶融スラグ中には、完全に溶融しない未溶融の灰分が含まれており、燃焼部からの燃焼ガス中には飛灰が含まれているが、灰溶融部内には燃焼部からの燃焼ガスと助燃装置からの燃焼ガスにより旋回流が形成されていて、その旋回流によって未溶融の灰分と飛灰は灰溶融部の円筒状の炉内壁に沿って旋回しながら溶融する。燃焼ガスは円筒状の灰溶融部内を旋回するので、炉内滞留時間が長くなり、灰を完全に溶融することができ、溶融処理能力が向上する。溶融スラグはスラグ冷却部中に落ちて急冷固化する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態について、図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態を示すものであり、図1は本発明による内部溶融炉の断面図である。図2は図1のA−A矢視図である。
図において、1は未燃分を含んだ焼却灰12を溶融処理する内部溶融炉である。この内部溶融炉1は、燃焼部2と灰溶融部3とから構成されている。
【0011】
燃焼部2は、焼却灰貯槽6と、この焼却灰貯槽6の下部に連接され底部に燃焼空気ノズル4を配設した炉床5と、焼却灰貯槽6中の焼却灰12を炉床5へ押し出すプッシャ7とから構成されている。また、燃焼空気ノズル4は、多数の空気孔を有しており複数本配設されている。
【0012】
灰溶融部3は、横向きの円筒状をしており、灰溶融部3の底部の一端は上記炉床5に接続され、他端はスラグ冷却部8に連接されている。灰溶融部3の上部の一端は接線方向に昇温バーナやプラズマなどの助燃装置9が接続されている。
【0013】
次に本発明の実施形態の作用について説明する。
ごみ焼却炉から排出される未燃分を含んだ焼却灰12は、プッシャ7により焼却灰貯槽6から燃焼部2の炉床5へ押し出される。押し出された焼却灰12は、炉床5上で燃焼空気ノズル4から噴出される高温の空気により未燃分が燃焼して、その熱により溶融されて溶融スラグ13となり、炉床5から下流側の灰溶融部3へ流下する。この溶融スラグ13中には、完全に溶融しない未溶融の灰分が含まれており、燃焼部2からの燃焼ガス中には飛灰が含まれているが、灰溶融部3内には燃焼部2からの燃焼ガス10と助燃装置9からの燃焼ガスが灰溶融部3に接線方向に流入して灰溶融部3内に燃焼ガスの旋回流11が形成されていて、その旋回流11によって未溶融の灰と飛灰は灰溶融部3の円筒状の炉内壁に沿って旋回しながら溶融する。燃焼ガス10は円筒状の灰溶融部3内を旋回するので、炉内滞留時間が長くなり、炉内の燃焼効率が高くなる。この高温ガスと湯溜めの形成により灰を完全に溶融することができ、溶融処理能力が向上する。溶融スラグ13はスラグ冷却部8中に落ちて急冷固化する。
【0014】
本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、上記実施形態では、未燃分を含む焼却灰の溶融について説明したが、未燃分が少ない焼却灰を溶融する場合には、ごみ固形化燃料(RDF(Refused Derived Full) )を投入して灰の溶融熱源とすることができるなど、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更し得ることは勿論である。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、燃焼部で溶融した未溶融の灰が含まれた溶融スラグを、下流側の円筒状の灰溶融部で、燃焼部からの高温の燃焼ガスと助燃装置からの燃焼ガスにより形成される旋回流によって灰溶融部の内壁面に沿って溶融する。したがって、燃焼部側において溶融スラグに未溶融の灰分が含まれていても、未溶融の灰を、灰溶融部側において燃焼ガスを旋回させ、炉内滞留時間を長くして炉内の燃焼効率が高めるとともに、湯溜めが形成されるため灰を完全に溶融することができ、溶融処理能力の向上を図ることができる。また、燃焼部からの燃焼ガスに含まれる飛灰も灰溶融部内で溶融し、壁面に付着した後、湯溜めに流下するので、排ガス中の飛灰の量が少なく、排ガス処理設備の負担が軽減されるなどの優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による内部溶融炉の断面図である。
【図2】図1のA−A矢視図である。
【図3】従来の内部溶融炉の斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 内部溶融炉
2 燃焼部
3 灰溶融部
3a 湯留め
4 燃焼空気ノズル
5 炉床
6 焼却灰貯槽
7 プッシャ
8 スラグ冷却部
9 助燃装置
10 燃焼ガス
11 旋回流
12 焼却灰
13 溶融スラグ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an internal melting furnace for melting incineration ash containing unburned ash discharged from municipal waste incinerators and various incinerators.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Wastes such as municipal waste and sewage sludge were incinerated at the incineration facility, and the incinerated ash and dust generated were conventionally disposed of in landfills. However, there is a problem of depletion of landfill sites and groundwater contamination due to the elution of toxic heavy metals, so the need for weight reduction / volume reduction and detoxification by melting is increasing.
[0003]
Against this background, when incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, the waste is incinerated (gasification pyrolysis) to leave unburned in the incinerated ash, and the incinerated ash containing this unburned in the downstream An internal melting furnace that reduces the amount of heat supplied from the outside has been proposed by burning in an ash melting furnace and using the heat generated by the combustion as the main melting heat source of ash, and some actual processing has been performed.
[0004]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conventional internal melting furnace. In the figure, a is an internal melting furnace. b is a furnace body. c is an incineration ash storage tank. d is a hearth connected to the lower part of the incinerated ash storage tank c. e is a combustion air nozzle disposed upstream of the hearth d. f is an auxiliary burner provided on the upper part of the furnace body b, and g is a plasma torch provided on the side part on the downstream side of the furnace body b. h is a pusher for sending the incineration ash in the incineration ash storage tank c to the hearth d. i is a molten slag.
[0005]
In such an internal melting furnace a, the incineration ash is melted by the combustion heat of the unburned portion contained in the incineration ash and the heat of the auxiliary combustion device such as the small plasma torch g and the kerosene burner f introduced as a melting aid. The molten slag i is continuously discharged from the hearth d, dropped into a water-sealed slag cooling unit (not shown) connected to the hearth d, rapidly cooled and solidified to form water-cooled slag, and then conveyed to a slag pit by a conveyor. The The air that burns the unburned components in the incinerated ash is heated by the steam and the internal melting furnace outlet exhaust gas, and then supplied to the combustion air nozzle e as high-temperature air. The furnace inner wall of the furnace body b is used as a radiant heat transfer surface.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above internal melting furnace a, if the amount of ash discharged from the waste incinerator and the amount of ash to be melted in the melting furnace are not balanced, the molten slag is not melted in the molten slag due to excessive ash amount on the melting furnace side. Ash may be mixed. In addition, the residence time in the furnace is short, and there is an unburned portion that is discharged without generating heat in the furnace.
[0007]
The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even if mixing of unmelted ash due to excessive ash amount occurs on the melting furnace side, the ash is completely melted by the sump, An object of the present invention is to provide an internal melting furnace in which the melting treatment capacity is improved by increasing the residence time of the combustion gas in the furnace by swirling flow to increase the combustion efficiency in the furnace.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an internal melting furnace for melting incinerated ash containing unburned components and RDF using combustion generated heat of combustible components in the ash as a main melting heat source. The melting furnace consists of a combustion part and an ash melting part.The combustion part is connected to an incineration ash storage tank, a hearth connected to the lower part of the incineration ash storage tank and having a combustion air nozzle at the bottom, and incineration ash in the incineration ash storage tank. It consists of a pusher that pushes out to the hearth, the ash melting part has a horizontal cylindrical shape, the hearth of the combustion part is connected tangentially to one end of the bottom of the ash melting part, the other end of the ash melting part is Connected to the slag cooling section, an auxiliary burner is connected in the tangential direction at one end of the ash melting section, forming a swirling flow of combustion gas in the ash melting section, and forming a molten slag reservoir at the bottom of the ash melting section An internal melting furnace is provided. Note that RDF is a solid waste fuel, and its operation will be described later.
[0009]
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
The incineration ash containing unburned components is pushed out of the incineration ash storage tank by the pusher to the hearth of the combustion section. The incinerated ash that is pushed out is burned by the high-temperature air ejected from the combustion air nozzle on the hearth and melted by the heat to form molten slag, which flows down from the hearth to the ash melting section downstream. To do. This molten slag contains unmelted ash that does not melt completely, and the combustion gas from the combustion part contains fly ash, but the combustion gas from the combustion part is contained in the ash melting part. A swirling flow is formed by the combustion gas from the auxiliary combustion device, and the unmelted ash and fly ash are melted while swirling along the cylindrical furnace inner wall of the ash melting portion. Since the combustion gas swirls in the cylindrical ash melting portion, the residence time in the furnace becomes longer, the ash can be completely melted, and the melting processing capacity is improved. The molten slag falls into the slag cooling section and rapidly solidifies.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an internal melting furnace according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an AA arrow view of FIG.
In the figure, 1 is an internal melting furnace for melting the incinerated
[0011]
The
[0012]
The ash melting
[0013]
Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Incinerated
[0014]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the melting of incineration ash containing unburned components is described. Needless to say, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, for example, solidified fuel (RDF (Refused Derived Full)) can be introduced and used as a heat source for melting ash.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the molten slag containing the unmelted ash melted in the combustion section is converted into the cylindrical ash melting section on the downstream side and the high-temperature combustion gas from the combustion section and the auxiliary combustion. It melts along the inner wall surface of the ash melting part by the swirl flow formed by the combustion gas from the apparatus. Therefore, even if unmelted ash is contained in the molten slag on the combustion part side, the unburned ash is swirled with the combustion gas on the ash melting part side, and the residence time in the furnace is lengthened to increase the combustion efficiency in the furnace. In addition, the ash can be completely melted because the hot water reservoir is formed, and the melting processing capacity can be improved. Also, the fly ash contained in the combustion gas from the combustion section also melts in the ash melting section, adheres to the wall surface, and then flows down to the hot water reservoir, so the amount of fly ash in the exhaust gas is small and the burden on the exhaust gas treatment equipment is reduced. Excellent effects such as being reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an internal melting furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conventional internal melting furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (1)
An internal melting furnace that melts incinerated ash containing unburned components and RDF using combustion generated heat of ash in ash as a main melting heat source, the internal melting furnace comprising a combustion part and an ash melting part, The combustion section has a part where the combustible matter in the incineration ash on the upstream side is burned and a part that flows down as molten slag of the incineration ash on the downstream side, and is connected to the incineration ash storage tank and the lower part of the incineration ash storage tank. Composed of a combustion air nozzle on the upstream side of the bottom and a descending gradient hearth toward the outlet, and a pusher that pushes the incineration ash in the incineration ash storage tank to the hearth, and the ash melting part is generated in the combustion part The molten slag containing the unmelted ash is a part that completely melts the unmelted ash, has a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the hearth of the combustion section is tangential to one end of the bottom of the ash melting section It is connected to, the swirling flow of combustion gas combustion gas generated in the combustion section to the ash melting portion Formed, the other end of the ash melting portion is provided continuously to the slag cooling section, burner air device in the tangential direction of the end of the ash melting portion upper is connected and the ash melting portion, pivoting by combustion gas generated in the combustion portion An internal melting furnace characterized in that a swirling flow of combustion gas in the same direction as the flow is formed, and a hot water reservoir for molten slag is formed in the ash melting portion.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP22479197A JP3861397B2 (en) | 1997-08-21 | 1997-08-21 | Internal melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP22479197A JP3861397B2 (en) | 1997-08-21 | 1997-08-21 | Internal melting furnace |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH1163463A JPH1163463A (en) | 1999-03-05 |
JP3861397B2 true JP3861397B2 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
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JP22479197A Expired - Fee Related JP3861397B2 (en) | 1997-08-21 | 1997-08-21 | Internal melting furnace |
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JP3864833B2 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2007-01-10 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Burner type melting furnace |
KR100582753B1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2006-05-23 | 주식회사 애드플라텍 | Cyclonic Plasma Pyrolysis/Vitrification System |
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