JP3859609B2

JP3859609B2 - Fixed load bearing member

Info

Publication number: JP3859609B2
Application number: JP2003098445A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 裕一合田
Original assignee: Kaimon KK
Current assignee: Kaimon KK
Priority date: 2003-04-01
Filing date: 2003-04-01
Publication date: 2006-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-01
Also published as: JP2004308109A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、橋梁，建築物等の各種構造物、特に橋梁用の支承装置に用いるせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、支承装置に用いる荷重支持部材としては、図５に示すように、上部支持部材３と下部支持部材２との間に配置されるゴムのような弾性層５を備えていると共に、上部支持部材３の上面にテフロン（登録商標）板１１を備えた荷重支持部材１４が知られている。
【０００３】
そして、このような荷重支持部材１４と、図４〜図９に示すように、前記荷重支持部材１４における上部支持部材３の横移動を防止し、弾性層５のせん断変形を防止するための平面円弧状内面１５を有する一対のせん断変形拘束壁１６を取付用鋼板１７上に設けた下部保持部材１８とを組み合わせたすべり支承装置１９が知られている。このようなすべり支承装置１９の使用形態として、図６に示すように、下部構造物２０側に固定される下部保持部材１８の中央部に、図５に示す荷重支持部材１４をせん断変形拘束壁１６内に配置し、桁２８ａ等の上部構造物２８をすべり支承装置１９によりスライド可能に支承している。（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−２４１７５０号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記の場合、上部支持部材３の外径寸法が比較的大きいので、実際に上部支持部材３をせん断変形拘束壁１６内に配置するためには、上部支持部材３の外径寸法ｄよりもせん断変形拘束壁１６の内径寸法Ｄを２〜３ｍｍ程度大きくして、これらの間に間隙（片側１ｍｍ程度）Ｇを設ける必要がある。また、弾性層５により上部支持部材３は弾性的に支承され、桁２１ａの撓みによる桁２１ａの回転を許容させる場合には、この回転に対して、上部支持部材３は桁２１ａに追従して動くため、上部支持部材３とせん断変形拘束壁１６との間には、図８に示すように間隙（１ｍｍ程度）Ｇが必要になり、この間隙Ｇにより、桁２１ａの撓み等による回転に伴い上部支持部材３の傾動が可能とされている。
【０００６】
前記のように上部支持部材３とせん断変形拘束壁１６との間に間隙Ｇがあると、逆に、トラック等の輪重による常時の交通振動により、弾性層５が水平方向にせん断変形し、これに起因して、水平方向の微変位が上部支持部材３および桁２１ａに生じていることが判明した。そして、前記間隙Ｇを無くすことにより、弾性層５の水平方向のせん断変形をなくし、上部支持部材３および桁の水平方向の微変位を無くすことができるとの知見を得た。
【０００７】
また、外側にせん断変形拘束壁１６を配置し、その内側に荷重支持部材１４を配置する形式では、荷重支持部材１４の外径寸法ｄが大きいので、製作および組み立て上、荷重支持部材１４の外径寸法ｄと外側のせん断変形拘束壁１６の内径寸法Ｄとの寸法差をミリメートル単位で図る必要があり、微変位を抑え込むためには、少なくとも、せん断変形拘束壁１６との寸法差を極力小さくできるせん断変形拘束壁内臓タイプの構造形式を取り入れることにより、微変位を解消できるとの知見を得て本発明を完成させた。
【０００８】
本発明は、トラック等の輪重による常時の交通振動による上部支持部材の水平方向の微変位をなくし、しいては桁等の上部構造物の水平方向の微変位をなくすことができる、水平方向が固定式の荷重支持部材を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第１発明のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材１では、構造物用の弾性支承装置に使用され、せん断変形拘束壁により上部支持部材と下部支持部材とが相対的に横移動不能とされて、弾性層のせん断変形を拘束する荷重支持部材において、前記下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか一方の部材２（３）にせん断変形拘束壁４が一体に設けられ、そのせん断変形拘束壁４は、前記下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか他方の部材３（２）に向って突出するように弾性層５内に配置されていると共に、そのせん断変形拘束壁４の先端部４ａが、他方の部材３（２）に設けた凹部９に摺動可能に嵌合され、前記弾性層内には、硬質板が前記せん断変形拘束壁に接触係合し嵌合された状態で埋め込まれていることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
また第２発明のでは、第１発明のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材において、前記下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか一方の部材２（３）から他方の部材３（２）に向ってせん断変形拘束壁が突出する方向において、前記せん断変形拘束壁４の先端部４ａと前記凹部９との間に、間隙Ｌが設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
また、第３発明では、第１または第２発明のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材において、せん断変形拘束壁４の先端部４ａがほぼ半球状部７とされていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
また、第４発明では、第１〜３発明のいずれかのせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材において、下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか一方の部材２（３）に一体に設けられたせん断変形拘束壁４は、下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか他方の部材３（２）と弾性層５とにより被覆されて、外部に露出されていないことを特徴とする。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材について図示の実施形態を参照しながら説明する。
【００１４】
図１および図２は、本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重支持部材１を示すものであって、図１（ａ）は縦断正面図、図１（ｂ）はその一部を拡大して示す縦断正面図、図２（ａ）は図１に示す荷重支持部材の正面図、図２（ｂ）は平面図である。図３（ａ）は図１に示す荷重支持部材１を備えた支承装置をして使用している状態を示す一部縦断正面図、（ｂ）は変形形態を示す一部縦断正面図である。
【００１５】
本発明の荷重支持部材１は、図１に示すように、構造物用の弾性的に支承するすべり支承装置１９に使用される荷重支持部材１であり、前記下部支持部材２に一体にせん断変形拘束壁４が設けられ、そのせん断変形拘束壁４は、下部支持部材２に間隔をおいて平行に配置された上部支持部材３に向って突出するように弾性層５内に配置されていると共に、そのせん断変形拘束壁４の先端部が、下部支持部材２に対向する上部支持部材３の内側面に設けた凹部９に摺動可能に嵌合され、せん断変形拘束壁４を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材１とされている。
【００１６】
なお、前記とは逆に、半球状部７を有するせん断変形拘束壁４を上部支持部材３側に一体に設け、かつ下部支持部材２側に凹部９を設けてもよい。すなわち、前記下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか一方の部材２（３）に一体にせん断変形拘束壁４が設けられ、そのせん断変形拘束壁４は、前記下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか他方の部材３（２）に向って突出するように弾性層５内に配置されていると共に、そのせん断変形拘束壁４の先端部が、対向する他方の部材３（２）の内側面に設けた凹部９に摺動可能に嵌合され、せん断変形拘束壁４を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材１とされていてもよい。
【００１７】
さらに具体的に図１を参照して説明すると、鋼製材料からなり断面上向き開孔溝形の下部支持部材本体６の内側中央部には、鋼製円柱状のせん断変形拘束壁４が起立された状態で配置されて、せん断変形拘束壁４の下部が下部支持部材本体６に溶接等により固着されて、一体に設けられている。
【００１８】
前記せん断変形拘束壁４の上端部は、下部支持部材２に一体成形等により固着されるゴム層等の弾性層５を貫通するように配置されていると共に、弾性層５よりも突出するようにされている。せん断変形拘束壁４の先端部４ａは、半球状部７に形成され、その半球状部７に接続するせん断変形拘束壁４における中間部には、小径軸部のくびれ部１３が形成され、そのくびれ部１３は半球状部７の直径寸法よりも小さく設定され、後記の上部支持部材３が傾動しても、上部支持部材３が常時半球状部７の上部周側面および下部周側面に係合する状態とし、上部支持部材３と半球状部７に接続するせん断変形拘束壁４の中間部が干渉して、上部支持部材３の傾動が阻害されないように構成されている。
【００１９】
せん断変形拘束壁４の横断面寸法は、荷重支持部材１の平面外径寸法ｄに比べて、著しく小さいので、このせん断変形拘束壁４に嵌合する凹部９との許容寸法差を、従来のミリ単位よりも著しく小さくできるため、下部支持部材２に対して上部支持部材３を横方向について常時係合させて、上部支持部材３の微変位を、ほぼ無くすことができる。また、上部支持部材３と下部支持部材２との上下方向の係合については、前記半球状部７と凹部９とには、せん断変形拘束壁４の延長線上に、凹部９を深くして、間隙Ｌを設けているので、桁２１ａ等の上部構造物２１の荷重による弾性層５の圧縮変形を許容し、半球状部７と凹部９との摺動を可能にしている。なお、凹部９は横断面円形の一定寸法の凹部９でもよい。
【００２０】
また、図示の実施形態の荷重支持部材１では、前記弾性層５内には、環状の補強鋼板等の硬質板１０が前記せん断変形拘束壁４に接触係合し嵌合された状態で埋め込まれているので、硬質板１０が横移動することなく、硬質板１０に加硫一体化されている弾性層５の中間部もせん断変形を拘束される構造とされている。また、下部支持部材２に間隔を置くと共に弾性層５に一体成形等により固着された断面下向き開孔の上部支持部材３を備えており、その上部支持部材３の内側中央部には、上部支持部材本体８の板厚内において、下向き開孔の凹部９が設けられ、その凹部９に前記せん断変形拘束壁４の先端部のほぼ半球状部７は上下摺動可能に嵌合されている。
【００２１】
前記のようにせん断変形拘束壁４の突出する方向において、前記せん断変形拘束壁４先端部の半球状部７と凹部９との間には、間隙Ｌが設けられているので、桁２１ａ等の上部構造物２１を支持した状態で、弾性層５が圧縮変形して、上部支持部材３が下部支持部材２に接近する方向に移動しても、前記半球状部７が凹部９内を相対的に摺動可能に構成される。なお、前記間隙Ｌの寸法およびせん断変形拘束壁４の断面寸法は、適宜設計により設定され、例えば、弾性層５の圧縮変形が可能なように５ｍｍ程度設けられる。
【００２２】
前記上部支持部材３の上面または上面に設けられた凹部には、テフロン（登録商標）板（四フッ化エチレン板）または層からなる低摩擦のすべり支承材１１が接着材により固着されるか、凹部に嵌合されると共に接着材により固着され、すべり支承材１１の上面が、上部支持部材３の上面よりも高レベル位置にされている。
【００２３】
前記の半球状部７における先端面は、摺動作用する部分ではないので、球面状でなくてもよいが、半球状部７の側周面は摺動作用する部分であり、また上部構造物２１の撓みによる回転に伴う上部支持部材３の傾動を許容しながら支承する部分となるので、球面状とする必要がある。
【００２４】
前記実施形態では、下部支持部材２に一体に設けられたせん断変形拘束壁４は、上部支持部材３と弾性層５とにより被覆された状態である。このように、下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか一方の部材に一体に設けられたせん断変形拘束壁４は、下部支持部材２または上部支持部材３のいずれか他方の部材と弾性層５とにより被覆されて、外部に露出されていない荷重支持部材１であると、せん断変形拘束壁４と上部支持部材３との摺動部に塵埃が混入しないので、荷重支持部材１の耐久性が向上し、また摺動部の清掃等メンテナンスコストが不要になる。反対に、せん断変形拘束壁４が外部に露出した形態であると、せん断変形拘束壁４と上部支持部材３との摺動部に塵埃が混入し、耐久性の低下および摺動部の清掃等メンテナンスコストが高くなる。
【００２５】
図に示す荷重支持部材１は、高支圧で使用可能な荷重支持部材１であり、薄型のゴムのような弾性層５の外周側面にＲ加工等による環状凹部１２が形成されている。この弾性層５には、前記のように補強鋼板等の硬質板１０が埋設され、前記弾性層５の上部と下部には、それぞれ環状反力壁３ａを有するカップ状断面の上部支持部材３と、環状反力壁２ａを有するカップ状断面の下部支持部材２とが嵌着された状態で一体加硫成形されている。上下の各支持部材３，２の面板状の本体７，６の内面と、弾性層５の上下面との当接部が接着面とされており、かつ弾性層５の上下部が反力壁３ａ，２ａの内側凹部２９，３０に被嵌されている。
【００２６】
前記の高支圧荷重支持部材１において、上方から例えば２０．０ｋＮ／ｍｍないし２５．０ｋＮ／ｍｍ（２００kg／cm²ないし２５０kg／cm²に相当）というような高荷重が作用するとき、ゴム等の弾性層５には、本体７，６内面に沿う方向のせん断力が作用し、このせん断力が弾性層５と上下支持部材３，２の面板状の本体７，６との接着面に剥離力として作用するが、前記反力壁３ａ，２ａによって、機械的に弾性層５における接着面に作用するせん断力を拘束し、弾性層５の上下部にせん断力を作用させず、かつ弾性層５の一部に応力が集中するのを緩和する構成とされており、それ故に弾性層５が薄い層でも高支圧に十分耐える構造とされている。
【００２７】
さらに、上下支持部材３，２の反力壁３ａ，２ａに加えて、弾性層５のＲ加工等による内向きの環状凹部１２の存在により、鉛直高支圧に際し、弾性層５は環状凹部１２が解消されるか、又は弾性層５の支承作用にほとんど影響しない程度外方に若干膨出する程度に圧縮変形することで対応するので、弾性層５の一部に応力が集中するのを緩和させることができ、弾性層５の上下部と、上下支持部材３，２との接着面を剥離するように作用する力は、環状凹部１２が存在しない場合に比べて非常に小さく、それ故に、この荷重支持部材１は高支圧に円滑に対応できる構造とされている。
【００２８】
なお、前記上部支持部材３，２と弾性層５および環状補強鋼板等の硬質板１０との接着界面が、環状波形又はローレット加工などによる凹凸状接着面とされていてもよく、接着面がフラット場合よりも、弾性層５が圧縮変形される際の弾性層５と、上部支持部材３，２または補強鋼板１０との接着面に加わるせん断力による剥離をより有効に阻止できる。
【００２９】
なお、上下支持部材３，２で挾持される弾性層５が積層構造とされていてもよい。また、上下の支持部材３，２の表面と、その中間に位置する弾性層５の外部に露出している表面を包む全表面を薄いゴム被覆層で被覆して、耐候性を向上させるようにしてもよい。
【００３０】
前記実施形態の荷重支持板１を使用する場合、図３（ａ）に示すように、下部支持部材本体６と、橋脚あるいは橋台等の下部構造物２０にアンカーボルト２１により固定されるアンカーボルト用孔２５付き板状の下部保持部材１８とを一体化するために、下部支持部材２の下面に周方向に等角度間隔をおいて複数の雌ねじ孔２２を設けると共に、下部保持部材１８に等角度間隔をおいて複数の段付きの貫通孔２３を設け、前記貫通孔２３に下側から挿通すると共に前記雌ねじ孔２２に螺合される六角孔付きボルト２４を螺合緊締して、荷重支持部材１と板状の下部保持部材１８とを一体化した後、下部保持部材１８を下部構造物２０にアンカーボルト２１およびナット２７により固定したすべり支承装置１９とするようにしてもよく。あるいは、図３（ｂ）に示すように、板状の下部支持部材本体６にアンカーボルト用孔２５付きの取付用フランジ２６を同面状に一体に設けて、下部保持部材１８を兼ねた下部支持部材２としたすべり支承装置１９としてもよく、前記取り付け用フランジ２６をアンカーボルト２１およびナット２７により下部構造物２０に固定するようにしてもよい。なお、下部支持部材２の固定手段としては、下部構造物２０の材質に応じて、溶接またはボルトにより固定してもよい。
【００３１】
なお、すべり支承材１１の上面には、上部構造物２８の下面に固定のソールプレート２９ａの下面が載置されて、すべり面が構成され、地震時および上部構造物２８の伸縮によるすべり移動を許容し、トラック等による常時の交通振動に対しては、すべり面の摩擦抵抗により一体化して、常時は固定状態として対応できる。
【００３２】
また、前記のように荷重支持部材１を使用したすべり支承装置１９では、トラック等の輪重により、弾性層５が水平方向にミリ単位でせん断変形するのを防止できるため、上部支持部材３がミリ単位で横移動しないので、上部支持部材３およびすべり面を介して支持されて追従する桁２１ａの横方向の微変位を防止することができる。
【００３３】
本発明を実施する場合、本発明の荷重支持用部材１を反転配置して使用するようにしてもよく、この場合には、上部構造物２８側に本発明の荷重支持部材１の上部が固定され、荷重支持部材１の下部がすべり面とされ、下部構造物２０の上面にすべり支承面が設けられる。
【００３４】
本発明におけるすべり式荷重支持部材を使用する場合、横移動（例えば、橋軸直角方向の移動）制限型の緩衝手段と共に使用するようにしてもよく、あるいは前記緩衝手段に代えて、ゴム層と鋼板等の硬質板を上下方向に交互に積層して構成した公知の免震装置を上部構造物と下部構造物との間に配設するようにしてもよい。
また本発明を実施する場合、前記凹部９は、上部支持部材または下部支持部材に設ける貫通した孔の一部を利用したものであってもよい。また、せん断拘束壁４における先端部（半球状部７）は、図示例では、ほぼ球状にしたが、球状以外の適宜の形状でもよく、例えば、桁の撓みによる上部支持部材３の回転を許容させるために、係合する部分（周側部）のみ断面円弧状とした形状としてもよい。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る荷重支持部材によると、簡単な構造の荷重支持部材を使用して、トラック等の輪重による常時の交通振動による上部支持部材の水平方向の微変位をなくし、しいては桁等の上部構造物の水平方向の微変位をなくすことができる。また、弾性層内には、硬質板が前記せん断変形拘束壁に接触係合し嵌合された状態で埋め込まれているので、硬質板が横移動することなく、硬質板に加硫一体化されている弾性層の中間部もせん断変形を拘束される構造とすることができる。
【００３６】
また、第２発明では、弾性層が圧縮変形しても、せん断変形拘束壁の先端部と前記凹部との横方向の係合を保持した状態で、上部支持部材と下部支持部材を相対的に接近または離反移動させることができる。
【００３７】
第３発明では、せん断変形拘束壁の先端部がほぼ半球状部とされているので、半球状部に係合する上部支持部材（または下部支持部材）の傾動を許容することができる。
【００３８】
また第４発明では、せん断変形拘束壁は、下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか他方の部材と弾性層とにより被覆されて、外部に露出されていないので、せん断変形拘束壁と凹部の摺動部に塵埃が堆積することはなく、せん断変形拘束壁と凹部の部分が錆びることを防止し、荷重支持部材を長期に渡って安定した状態で使用することができ、メンテナンスコストを低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重支持部材を示すものであって、（ａ）は縦断正面図、（ｂ）はその一部を拡大して示す縦断正面図である。
【図２】（ａ）は図１に示す荷重支持部材の正面図、（ｂ）は平面図である。
【図３】（ａ）は図１に示す荷重支持部材を備えた支承装置をして使用している状態を示す一部縦断正面図、（ｂ）は変形形態を示す一部縦断正面図である。
【図４】従来のせん断変形拘束壁を有する下部支持部材を示すものであって、（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は正面図である。
【図５】従来の荷重支持部材を示すものであって、（ａ）は平面図、（ｂ）は縦断正面図である。
【図６】従来のせん断変形拘束壁を有する下部支持部材を使用した構造物用スライド式弾性支承装置の正面図である。
【図７】図６の一部縦断正面図である。
【図８】図７の一部を拡大して示す縦断正面図である。
【図９】図６の一部を省略した平面図である。
【符号の説明】
１荷重支持部材
２下部支持部材
２ａ環状反力壁
３上部支持部材
３ａ環状反力壁
４せん断変形拘束壁
４ａ先端部
５弾性層
６下部支持部材
７半球状部
８上部支持部材本体
９凹部
１０硬質板
１１テフロン板またはすべり支承材
１２環状凹部
１３くびれ部
１４荷重支持部材
１５平面円弧状内面
１６せん断変形拘束壁
１７取付用鋼板
１８下部保持部材
１９すべり支承装置
２０下部構造物
２１アンカーボルト
２２雌ねじ孔
２３貫通孔
２４六角孔付きボルト
２５アンカーボルト用孔
２６取り付け用フランジ
２７ナット
２８上部構造物
２９内側凹部
３０内側凹部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fixed load support member having a built-in shear deformation restraining wall used in various structures such as bridges and buildings, in particular, bridge support devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, a load support member used in a support device is provided with an elastic layer 5 such as rubber disposed between an upper support member 3 and a lower support member 2, and an upper support. A load supporting member 14 having a Teflon (registered trademark) plate 11 on the upper surface of the member 3 is known.
[0003]
Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, such a load support member 14 and a plane for preventing lateral movement of the upper support member 3 in the load support member 14 and preventing shear deformation of the elastic layer 5. A sliding bearing device 19 is known that combines a pair of shear deformation restraining walls 16 having an arcuate inner surface 15 with a lower holding member 18 provided on a mounting steel plate 17. As a usage form of such a sliding support device 19, as shown in FIG. 6, the load supporting member 14 shown in FIG. 5 is placed at the center of the lower holding member 18 fixed to the lower structure 20 side. The upper structure 28 such as the girder 28 a is slidably supported by the sliding support device 19. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241750
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this case, since the outer diameter of the upper support member 3 is relatively large, in order to actually place the upper support member 3 in the shear deformation restraining wall 16, the outer support dimension is sheared more than the outer diameter dimension d of the upper support member 3. It is necessary to increase the inner diameter dimension D of the deformation restricting wall 16 by about 2 to 3 mm and to provide a gap (about 1 mm on one side) G therebetween. Further, when the upper support member 3 is elastically supported by the elastic layer 5 and allows the rotation of the beam 21a due to the bending of the beam 21a, the upper support member 3 follows the beam 21a with respect to this rotation. In order to move, a gap (about 1 mm) G is required between the upper support member 3 and the shear deformation restraining wall 16 as shown in FIG. The upper support member 3 can be tilted.
[0006]
If there is a gap G between the upper support member 3 and the shear deformation restraining wall 16 as described above, conversely, the elastic layer 5 is shear-deformed in the horizontal direction due to normal traffic vibration caused by the wheel load of a truck or the like. Due to this, it was found that a slight horizontal displacement occurred in the upper support member 3 and the girder 21a. Further, it has been found that by eliminating the gap G, the horizontal shear deformation of the elastic layer 5 can be eliminated, and the horizontal displacement of the upper support member 3 and the girders can be eliminated.
[0007]
Further, in the type in which the shear deformation restraining wall 16 is arranged on the outer side and the load supporting member 14 is arranged on the inner side, the outer diameter dimension d of the load supporting member 14 is large. The dimensional difference between the diameter dimension d and the inner diameter dimension D of the outer shear deformation restraint wall 16 needs to be measured in millimeters. In order to suppress fine displacement, at least the dimensional difference with the shear deformation restraint wall 16 is made as small as possible. The present invention has been completed with the knowledge that a fine displacement can be eliminated by adopting a built-in type of shear deformation restraint wall built-in type.
[0008]
The present invention eliminates the fine displacement in the horizontal direction of the upper support member due to the normal traffic vibration due to the wheel load of the truck, etc., and thus the fine displacement in the horizontal direction of the upper structure such as the girder can be eliminated. An object of the present invention is to provide a fixed load supporting member.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The fixed load support member 1 having a built-in shear deformation restraint wall according to the first aspect of the invention is used in an elastic bearing device for a structure, and the upper support member and the lower support member are relatively moved laterally by the shear deformation restraint wall. In the load supporting member that is disabled and restrains the shear deformation of the elastic layer, the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is integrally provided on either one of the lower support member 2 and the upper support member 3 (3), The shear deformation restraining wall 4 is disposed in the elastic layer 5 so as to protrude toward the other member 3 (2) of the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3, and the shear deformation restraint wall. The front end 4a of the wall 4 is slidably fitted into a recess 9 provided in the other member 3 (2), and a hard plate is fitted in contact with the shear deformation restraining wall in the elastic layer. that is embedded in the engaged state And it features.
[0010]
In the second invention, in the fixed load support member having the shear deformation restraining wall according to the first invention, either the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3 to the other member 2 (3). In the direction in which the shear deformation restriction wall protrudes toward 3 (2), a gap L is provided between the distal end portion 4 a of the shear deformation restriction wall 4 and the recess 9.
[0011]
Further, in the third invention, in the fixed load support member incorporating the shear deformation restraining wall of the first or second invention, the tip end portion 4a of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is substantially hemispherical portion 7. Features.
[0012]
In the fourth invention, in the fixed load support member having the shear deformation restraining wall according to any one of the first to third inventions, either the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3 (3) The shear deformation restraining wall 4 provided integrally with the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3 is covered with the other member 3 (2) and the elastic layer 5 and is not exposed to the outside. Features.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a fixed load support member incorporating the shear deformation restraining wall of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated embodiment.
[0014]
1 and 2 show a load support member 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a longitudinal front view, and FIG. FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the load supporting member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a plan view. FIG. 3A is a partially longitudinal front view showing a state in which the bearing device having the load supporting member 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used, and FIG. 3B is a partially longitudinal front view showing a modified form. .
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, the load support member 1 of the present invention is a load support member 1 that is used in a sliding support device 19 that elastically supports a structure, and is integrally deformed with the lower support member 2. A restraint wall 4 is provided, and the shear deformation restraint wall 4 is disposed in the elastic layer 5 so as to protrude toward the upper support member 3 disposed in parallel to the lower support member 2 at intervals. The tip of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is slidably fitted into the recess 9 provided on the inner surface of the upper support member 3 facing the lower support member 2, and is fixed with the built-in shear deformation restraint wall 4. Load support member 1.
[0016]
In contrast to the above, the shear deformation restraining wall 4 having the hemispherical portion 7 may be provided integrally on the upper support member 3 side, and the recess 9 may be provided on the lower support member 2 side. That is, either one of the lower support member 2 and the upper support member 3 is provided with a shear deformation restraint wall 4 integrally with the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3. The member 3 is disposed in the elastic layer 5 so as to protrude toward the other member 3 (2), and the tip of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is opposed to the other member 3 (2). A fixed load support member 1 that is slidably fitted in a recess 9 provided on the inner surface of the inner wall of the inner wall of the inner wall of the inner wall of the housing and includes a shear deformation restraining wall 4 may be used.
[0017]
More specifically, referring to FIG. 1, a steel cylindrical shear deformation restraining wall 4 is erected at an inner central portion of the lower support member body 6 made of a steel material and having a cross-sectional upwardly open groove shape. The lower part of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is fixed to the lower support member body 6 by welding or the like, and is provided integrally.
[0018]
The upper end portion of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is disposed so as to penetrate the elastic layer 5 such as a rubber layer fixed to the lower support member 2 by integral molding or the like, and protrudes from the elastic layer 5. Has been. The distal end portion 4a of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is formed in the hemispherical portion 7, and a constricted portion 13 of a small diameter shaft portion is formed in the middle portion of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 connected to the hemispherical portion 7, The constricted portion 13 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the hemispherical portion 7, and the upper support member 3 always engages with the upper peripheral side surface and the lower peripheral side surface of the hemispherical portion 7 even if the upper support member 3 described later tilts. In this state, the middle portion of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 connected to the upper support member 3 and the hemispherical portion 7 interferes, and the tilt of the upper support member 3 is not hindered.
[0019]
Since the transverse cross-sectional dimension of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is significantly smaller than the planar outer diameter dimension d of the load supporting member 1, the allowable dimensional difference with the concave portion 9 fitted to the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is set to the conventional dimension difference. Since it can be made significantly smaller than a millimeter unit, the upper support member 3 can always be engaged with the lower support member 2 in the lateral direction so that the fine displacement of the upper support member 3 can be almost eliminated. Further, for the vertical engagement between the upper support member 3 and the lower support member 2, the hemispherical portion 7 and the concave portion 9 have the concave portion 9 deep on the extension line of the shear deformation restraining wall 4, Since the gap L is provided, the elastic layer 5 is allowed to be compressed and deformed by the load of the upper structure 21 such as the girders 21a, and the hemispherical portion 7 and the concave portion 9 can be slid. The concave portion 9 may be a concave portion 9 having a circular cross section and having a certain size.
[0020]
Further, in the load supporting member 1 of the illustrated embodiment, a hard plate 10 such as an annular reinforcing steel plate is embedded in the elastic layer 5 in contact with and engaged with the shear deformation restraining wall 4. Therefore, the intermediate portion of the elastic layer 5 vulcanized and integrated with the hard plate 10 is also configured to restrain shear deformation without causing the hard plate 10 to move laterally. Further, the upper support member 3 having a downward opening in cross section, which is spaced apart from the lower support member 2 and fixed to the elastic layer 5 by integral molding or the like, is provided. Within the plate thickness of the member main body 8, a downwardly-opening concave portion 9 is provided, and the substantially hemispherical portion 7 at the tip of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is fitted in the concave portion 9 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction.
[0021]
Since the gap L is provided between the hemispherical portion 7 and the concave portion 9 at the tip of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 in the projecting direction of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 as described above, Even if the elastic layer 5 is compressed and deformed in a state where the upper structure 21 is supported and the upper support member 3 moves in a direction approaching the lower support member 2, the hemispherical portion 7 is relatively moved in the recess 9. It is configured to be slidable. In addition, the dimension of the gap L and the cross-sectional dimension of the shear deformation restraining wall 4 are appropriately set by design, and are provided, for example, about 5 mm so that the elastic layer 5 can be compressed and deformed.
[0022]
In the upper surface of the upper support member 3 or a recess provided on the upper surface, a low friction sliding bearing material 11 made of a Teflon (registered trademark) plate (ethylene tetrafluoride plate) or a layer is fixed by an adhesive, The upper surface of the sliding support member 11 is positioned at a higher level than the upper surface of the upper support member 3 while being fitted in the recess and fixed by an adhesive.
[0023]
The tip surface of the hemispherical portion 7 is not a portion that slides, and thus may not be spherical, but the side circumferential surface of the hemispherical portion 7 is a portion that slides, and the upper structure. Since the upper support member 3 is supported while allowing the tilting of the upper support member 3 due to the rotation due to the bending of 21, it needs to be spherical.
[0024]
In the above-described embodiment, the shear deformation restraining wall 4 provided integrally with the lower support member 2 is covered with the upper support member 3 and the elastic layer 5. As described above, the shear deformation restraining wall 4 integrally provided on one of the lower support member 2 and the upper support member 3 is the elastic member and the other member of the lower support member 2 or the upper support member 3. If the load supporting member 1 is covered with 5 and is not exposed to the outside, dust does not enter the sliding portion between the shear deformation restraining wall 4 and the upper supporting member 3. In addition, maintenance costs such as cleaning of sliding parts are not required. On the contrary, when the shear deformation restraining wall 4 is exposed to the outside, dust is mixed into the sliding portion between the shear deformation restraining wall 4 and the upper support member 3 to reduce durability and clean the sliding portion. Maintenance costs increase.
[0025]
A load supporting member 1 shown in the figure is a load supporting member 1 that can be used with a high bearing pressure, and an annular recess 12 is formed on the outer peripheral side surface of an elastic layer 5 such as a thin rubber by R processing or the like. In the elastic layer 5, the hard plate 10 such as a reinforcing steel plate is embedded as described above, and the upper support member 3 having a cup-shaped cross section having an annular reaction wall 3 a on the upper and lower portions of the elastic layer 5, respectively. The vulcanization molding is performed integrally with the lower support member 2 having a cup-shaped cross section having the annular reaction wall 2a. The contact portions between the inner surfaces of the face plate-like bodies 7 and 6 of the upper and lower support members 3 and 2 and the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic layer 5 are adhesive surfaces, and the upper and lower portions of the elastic layer 5 are reaction walls. The inner recesses 29 and 30 of 3a and 2a are fitted.
[0026]
When a high load such as 20.0 kN / mm to 25.0 kN / mm (corresponding to 200 kg / cm ² to 250 kg / cm ² ) is applied from above in the high bearing load supporting member 1, rubber or the like The elastic layer 5 is subjected to a shearing force in the direction along the inner surfaces of the main bodies 7 and 6, and this shearing force peels off to the adhesive surface between the elastic layer 5 and the face plate-like main bodies 7 and 6 of the upper and lower support members 3 and 2. Although acting as a force, the reaction force walls 3a and 2a mechanically restrain the shearing force acting on the bonding surface of the elastic layer 5, do not cause the shearing force to act on the upper and lower portions of the elastic layer 5, and the elastic layer 5 is configured to relieve stress concentration on a part of 5, and therefore, the elastic layer 5 has a structure that can sufficiently withstand high bearing pressure even when the elastic layer 5 is thin.
[0027]
Furthermore, in addition to the reaction force walls 3a and 2a of the upper and lower support members 3 and 2, due to the presence of the inwardly-shaped annular recess 12 due to R machining or the like of the elastic layer 5, the elastic layer 5 becomes annularly recessed 12 at the time of high vertical bearing pressure. Can be solved by compressing and deforming to a degree that bulges outward slightly to a degree that does not substantially affect the supporting action of the elastic layer 5, so that stress is concentrated on a part of the elastic layer 5. The force acting to peel the adhesive surface between the upper and lower portions of the elastic layer 5 and the upper and lower support members 3 and 2 is very small compared to the case where the annular recess 12 is not present, and therefore The load support member 1 has a structure that can smoothly cope with a high bearing pressure.
[0028]
The bonding interface between the upper support members 3 and 2 and the elastic layer 5 and the hard plate 10 such as the annular reinforcing steel plate may be an uneven bonding surface by an annular corrugation or knurling, and the bonding surface is flat. Rather than the case, peeling due to the shearing force applied to the adhesive surface between the elastic layer 5 and the upper support members 3, 2 or the reinforcing steel plate 10 when the elastic layer 5 is compressively deformed can be more effectively prevented.
[0029]
Note that the elastic layer 5 held between the upper and lower support members 3 and 2 may have a laminated structure. In addition, the entire surface surrounding the surfaces of the upper and lower support members 3 and 2 and the surface exposed to the outside of the elastic layer 5 located between them is covered with a thin rubber coating layer so as to improve the weather resistance. May be.
[0030]
When the load support plate 1 of the above embodiment is used, as shown in FIG. 3A, for the anchor bolt fixed to the lower support member main body 6 and the lower structure 20 such as an abutment or an abutment by an anchor bolt 21. In order to integrate the plate-like lower holding member 18 with the holes 25, a plurality of female screw holes 22 are provided on the lower surface of the lower support member 2 at equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction, and the lower holding member 18 is equiangular. A plurality of stepped through holes 23 are provided at intervals, a hexagon socket head bolt 24 that is inserted into the through hole 23 from the lower side and is screwed into the female screw hole 22 is screwed and tightened. 1 and the plate-like lower holding member 18 may be integrated, and then the lower holding member 18 may be a sliding bearing device 19 fixed to the lower structure 20 with anchor bolts 21 and nuts 27. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), a plate-like lower support member body 6 is integrally provided with a mounting flange 26 with an anchor bolt hole 25 on the same surface so as to serve as the lower holding member 18. The sliding support device 19 may be used as the support member 2, and the mounting flange 26 may be fixed to the lower structure 20 by the anchor bolt 21 and the nut 27. In addition, as a fixing means of the lower support member 2, depending on the material of the lower structure 20, it may be fixed by welding or bolts.
[0031]
In addition, the lower surface of the sole plate 29a fixed on the lower surface of the upper structure 28 is placed on the upper surface of the sliding support member 11 to form a sliding surface, and the sliding movement due to the expansion and contraction of the upper structure 28 is performed. Permissible, it is possible to always deal with traffic vibrations caused by trucks, etc., by integrating them with the frictional resistance of the sliding surface, so that they are always fixed.
[0032]
Further, in the sliding bearing device 19 using the load supporting member 1 as described above, the elastic layer 5 can be prevented from being sheared and deformed in millimeters in the horizontal direction due to the wheel load of a track or the like. Since it does not move laterally in millimeters, it is possible to prevent the lateral displacement of the girder 21a supported and followed via the upper support member 3 and the sliding surface.
[0033]
When carrying out the present invention, the load supporting member 1 of the present invention may be reversed and used. In this case, the upper portion of the load supporting member 1 of the present invention is fixed to the upper structure 28 side. The lower portion of the load support member 1 is a sliding surface, and a sliding support surface is provided on the upper surface of the lower structure 20.
[0034]
When the sliding load support member of the present invention is used, it may be used together with a lateral movement (for example, movement in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis) limiting buffer means, or instead of the buffer means, a rubber layer and You may make it arrange | position the well-known seismic isolation apparatus comprised by laminating | stacking hard boards, such as a steel plate, on an up-down direction between an upper structure and a lower structure.
Moreover, when implementing this invention, the said recessed part 9 may utilize a part of through-hole provided in an upper support member or a lower support member. In addition, the tip end portion (semispherical portion 7) of the shear restraint wall 4 is substantially spherical in the illustrated example, but may have an appropriate shape other than the spherical shape. For example, the upper support member 3 is allowed to rotate due to bending of the girder. Therefore, only the engaging portion (circumferential side portion) may have a cross-sectional arc shape.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the load support member of the present invention, the load support member having a simple structure is used to eliminate the horizontal displacement of the upper support member due to the normal traffic vibration caused by the wheel load of the truck, etc. It is possible to eliminate the slight horizontal displacement of the superstructure. In addition, since the hard plate is embedded in the elastic layer in contact with and engaged with the shear deformation restraining wall, the hard plate is vulcanized and integrated with the hard plate without lateral movement. The intermediate portion of the elastic layer can also have a structure in which shear deformation is constrained.
[0036]
In the second invention, even if the elastic layer is compressively deformed, the upper support member and the lower support member are relatively moved while maintaining the engagement in the lateral direction between the distal end portion of the shear deformation restraining wall and the concave portion. It can be moved closer or away.
[0037]
In the third aspect of the invention, since the tip end portion of the shear deformation restraining wall is a substantially hemispherical portion, the upper support member (or the lower support member) that engages with the hemispherical portion can be allowed to tilt.
[0038]
In the fourth aspect of the invention, the shear deformation restraining wall is covered with either the lower support member or the upper support member and the elastic layer and is not exposed to the outside. Dust does not accumulate on moving parts, prevents shear deformation restraint walls and recesses from rusting, allows load support members to be used stably over a long period of time, and reduces maintenance costs Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show a load supporting member according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a longitudinal front view, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged longitudinal front view showing a part thereof.
2A is a front view of the load support member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a plan view thereof.
3A is a partially longitudinal front view showing a state where the bearing device having the load supporting member shown in FIG. 1 is used, and FIG. 3B is a partially longitudinal front view showing a modified embodiment. is there.
4A and 4B show a lower support member having a conventional shear deformation restraining wall, where FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a front view.
5A and 5B show a conventional load support member, where FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a longitudinal front view.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a sliding elastic bearing device for a structure using a lower support member having a conventional shear deformation restraining wall.
7 is a partially longitudinal front view of FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is a longitudinal front view showing a part of FIG. 7 in an enlarged manner.
FIG. 9 is a plan view in which a part of FIG. 6 is omitted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Load support member 2 Lower support member 2a Annular reaction wall 3 Upper support member 3a Annular reaction wall 4 Shear deformation restraint wall 4a Tip part 5 Elastic layer 6 Lower support member 7 Hemispherical part 8 Upper support member main body 9 Recess 10 Hard Plate 11 Teflon plate or sliding support material 12 Annular recess 13 Constriction portion 14 Load support member 15 Planar arc-shaped inner surface 16 Shear deformation restraint wall 17 Mounting steel plate 18 Lower holding member 19 Sliding support device 20 Substructure 21 Anchor bolt 22 Female screw hole 23 Through-hole 24 Hexagon socket head bolt 25 Anchor bolt hole 26 Mounting flange 27 Nut 28 Upper structure 29 Inner recess 30 Inner recess

Claims

構造物用の弾性支承装置に使用され、せん断変形拘束壁により上部支持部材と下部支持部材とが相対的に横移動不能とされて、弾性層のせん断変形を拘束する荷重支持部材において、前記下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか一方の部材にせん断変形拘束壁が一体に設けられ、そのせん断変形拘束壁は、前記下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか他方の部材に向って突出するように弾性層内に配置されていると共に、そのせん断変形拘束壁の先端部が、他方の部材に設けた凹部に摺動可能に嵌合され、前記弾性層内には、硬質板が前記せん断変形拘束壁に接触係合し嵌合された状態で埋め込まれていることを特徴とするせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材。A load supporting member used in an elastic bearing device for a structure, wherein the upper supporting member and the lower supporting member are relatively immovable laterally by a shear deformation restraining wall, and restrains the shear deformation of the elastic layer. Either one of the support member and the upper support member is integrally provided with a shear deformation restraint wall, and the shear deformation restraint wall protrudes toward the other member of the lower support member or the upper support member. Is disposed in the elastic layer, and the distal end portion of the shear deformation restraining wall is slidably fitted into the recess provided in the other member, and the hard plate is subjected to the shear deformation in the elastic layer. A fixed load support member having a built-in shear deformation restraint wall embedded in a state of being engaged with and engaged with the restraint wall.

前記下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか一方の部材から他方の部材に向ってせん断変形拘束壁が突出する方向において、前記せん断変形拘束壁の先端部と前記凹部との間に、間隙が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材。 A gap is provided between the tip of the shear deformation restraint wall and the recess in the direction in which the shear deformation restraint wall protrudes from either the lower support member or the upper support member toward the other member. The fixed load support member having a built-in shear deformation restraint wall according to claim 1, wherein the fixed load support member is incorporated.

せん断変形拘束壁の先端部がほぼ半球状部とされていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材。 The fixed load support member with a built-in shear deformation restraint wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tip end portion of the shear deformation restraint wall is a substantially hemispherical portion.

下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか一方の部材に一体に設けられたせん断変形拘束壁は、下部支持部材または上部支持部材のいずれか他方の部材と弾性層とにより被覆されて、外部に露出されていないことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のせん断変形拘束壁を内臓した固定式の荷重支持部材。 The shear deformation restraint wall provided integrally with either the lower support member or the upper support member is covered with the other member of the lower support member or the upper support member and the elastic layer and exposed to the outside. The fixed load support member with a built-in shear deformation restraint wall according to claim 1, wherein the fixed load support member is not provided.