JP3856985B2 - Vehicle start assist device - Google Patents

Vehicle start assist device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3856985B2
JP3856985B2 JP15699199A JP15699199A JP3856985B2 JP 3856985 B2 JP3856985 B2 JP 3856985B2 JP 15699199 A JP15699199 A JP 15699199A JP 15699199 A JP15699199 A JP 15699199A JP 3856985 B2 JP3856985 B2 JP 3856985B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
electric motor
hydraulic
clutch
driven
reverse
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JP15699199A
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JP2000343963A (en
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準 青木
健太郎 新井
繁 田島
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce shock at the time of starting start-assisting, and to restrain the rush current of an electric motor to a low level, in a device constituted to drive the driven wheel of a vehicle by the electric motor to assist the start. SOLUTION: A hydraulic clutch 8 is interposed in a power transmission route between an electric motor 6 and driven wheels 4L, 4R to supply oil to the clutch 8 by a hydraulic pump 10 driven by the motor 6. Oil supplying pressure from the pump 10 is low in a low rotational-speed region of the motor 6 to generate slide of the clutch 8. Driving torques of the driven wheels 4L, 4R are thereby led moderately.

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、前輪と後輪との一方をエンジンで駆動される駆動輪、他方を従動輪とする車両に搭載する発進アシスト装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、従動輪用の電動モータを設け、雪道等の滑り易い路面での発進時に従動輪を電動モータにより駆動して発進をアシストするようにした発進アシスト装置が知られている。
【0003】
このものでは、電動モータとしてセルモータ等に使用する安価なDCブラシモータを用いており、発進後の従動輪側からの逆駆動によるモータの過回転でブラシの耐久性が損われることがないように、電動モータと従動輪との間の動力伝達経路にドグクラッチを介設し、発進後はドグクラッチをオフして電動モータと従動輪との連結を解くようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来例のものでは、発進アシスト開始時に従動輪の駆動トルクの急な立上りを生じてショックが発生し易くなり、また、電動モータの起動当初に大きな突入電流が流れたり、坂道発進時に後ずさりして、正転させようとしている電動モータが従動輪側からの逆駆動で無理に逆転され、電動モータに過負荷がかかることがあり、これに対処するため電動モータの電力供給システムが大形化してコストが高くなる。
【0005】
本発明は、以上の点に鑑み、発進アシスト開始時のショックを低減し得るようにし、更に、突入電流を低く抑えると共に電動モータに過負荷が作用することを防止して、電力供給システムの低コスト化を図れるようにした発進アシスト装置を供給することを課題としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決すべく、本発明は、前輪と後輪との一方をエンジンで駆動される駆動輪、他方を従動輪とする車両に搭載する発進アシスト装置であって、車両の発進時に従動輪を電動モータで駆動するようにしたものにおいて、前記電動モータで駆動される油圧ポンプを設けると共に、前記電動モータと前記従動輪との間の動力伝達経路に、前記油圧ポンプに油圧回路を介して接続される油圧クラッチを介設している。
【0007】
油圧ポンプから油圧クラッチに供給される油圧は油圧ポンプの駆動源たる電動モータの回転数の上昇に伴って昇圧する。従って、電動モータの起動当初は油圧クラッチでの滑りを生じ、そのため電動モータに左程負荷はかからず、突入電流が低く抑えられる。その後、電動モータの回転数の上昇に伴い油圧クラッチの係合力が増加して従動輪にトルクが伝達されることになり、結局、従動輪の駆動トルクは緩やかに立上り、発進アシスト開始時のショックが低減される。また、坂道発進時に後ずさりしても、この場合は油圧ポンプからの供給油圧が低くなって油圧クラッチでの滑りを生ずるため、電動モータが従動輪側からの逆駆動で無理に逆転されることはなく、電動モータに過負荷が作用することを防止できる。
【0008】
発進後は電動モータへの通電を停止するが、通電停止後も従動輪側からの逆駆動で電動モータと油圧ポンプとが回転させられて、油圧クラッチは係合したままになり、電動モータの過回転を生じてその耐久性が悪化する。
【0009】
この場合、前記油圧回路に、前記電動モータの正転時にのみ前記油圧ポンプからの吐出油を前記油圧クラッチに供給する前進用の状態と、前記電動モータの逆転時にのみ前記油圧ポンプからの吐出油を前記油圧クラッチに供給する後進用の状態とに油路接続を切換える切換手段を設けておけば、発進後の従動輪側からの逆駆動による電動モータの過回転を防止できる。即ち、切換手段により油路接続を前進用の状態に切換えて電動モータを正転方向に駆動することにより前進方向の発進をアシストした後、油路接続を後進用の状態に切換えれば、従動輪側からの逆駆動で電動モータが正転されても油圧クラッチには給油されないため、油圧クラッチが解放されて電動モータと従動輪との連結が解かれ、電動モータの正転方向の逆駆動が防止される。同様に、油路接続を後進用の状態に切換えて電動モータを逆転方向に駆動することにより後進方向の発進をアシストした後、油路接続を前進用の状態に切換えれば、油圧クラッチが解放されて電動モータの逆転方向の逆駆動が防止される。
【0010】
また、前記電動モータと前記油圧クラッチとの間に、電動モータ側の入力部材の正転時に油圧クラッチ側の出力部材の正転方向へのオーバー回転を許容し、入力部材の逆転時に出力部材の逆転方向へのオーバー回転を許容するツーウェイクラッチを介設すれば、上記切換手段を設けずに発進後の電動モータの逆駆動を防止できる。即ち、前進方向や後進方向の発進をアシストすべく電動モータを正転方向や逆転方向に駆動したときは、電動モータの出力トルクがツーウェイクラッチと油圧クラッチとを介して従動輪に伝達されるが、電動モータの非駆動時は、ツーウェイクラッチの出力部材が正逆両方向に自由に回転できるようになり、発進後の電動モータの逆駆動が防止される。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、エンジン1により変速機2を介して左右の前輪3L,3Rを駆動する前輪駆動車両を示しており、従動輪たる左右の後輪4L,4R間に発進アシスト装置5を配置している。
【0012】
発進アシスト装置5は、図2に示す如く、DCブラシモータから成る電動モータ6によりディファレンシャルギア7を介して左右の後輪4L,4Rを駆動するように構成されている。電動モータ6とディファレンシャルギア7との間の動力伝達経路には油圧クラッチ8が介設されている。そして、電動モータ6と油圧クラッチ8とを連結する軸9上にギアポンプから成る油圧ポンプ10を設け、油圧ポンプ10からの吐出油を油圧回路11を介して油圧クラッチ8に供給している。
【0013】
油圧回路11には、図3に示す如く、切換手段たる電磁式の切換弁12が設けられている。切換弁12には、電動モータ6の正転時に油を吐出し、逆転時に油を吸い込む油圧ポンプ10の一方のポートに連通する油路L1と、電動モータ6の逆転時に油を吐出し、正転時に油を吸い込む油圧ポンプ10の他方のポートに連通する油路L2と、油圧クラッチ8に連通する油路L3と、ストレーナ131と吸い上げ用のチェック弁141とこれに並列の排油用のリリーフ弁15とを介設した油路L4とが接続されている。また、油路L3には、ストレーナ132と吸い上げ用のチェック弁141とを介設した油路L5と、レギュレータ16を介設した油路L6と、排油用のチェック弁17と絞り18とを介設した油路L7とが分岐接続されている。
【0014】
切換弁12は、油路L1を油路L3に接続すると共に、油路L2を油路L4に接続する前進位置と、油路L1を油路L4に接続すると共に、油路L2を油路L3に接続する後進位置とに切換自在である。前進位置では、電動モータ6を正転させると、油圧ポンプ10により油路L4を介して油が吸い上げられて、油圧ポンプ10からの吐出油が油路L3を介して油圧クラッチ8に供給されるが、電動モータ6を逆転させると、油圧ポンプ10により油路L5を介して油が吸い上げられ、この油が油圧ポンプ10から油路L4のリリーフ弁15を介して排油され、油圧クラッチ8には給油されない。また、後進位置では、電動モータ6を逆転させると、油圧ポンプ10により油路L4を介して油が吸い上げられて、油圧ポンプ10からの吐出油が油路L3を介して油圧クラッチ8に供給されるが、電動モータを正転させると、油圧ポンプ10により油路L5を介して油が吸い上げられ、この油が油圧ポンプ10から油路L4のリリーフ弁15を介して排油され、油圧クラッチ8には給油されない。
【0015】
かくて、切換弁12を前進位置に切換えて電動モータ6を正転方向に駆動し、または、切換弁12を後進位置に切換えて電動モータ6を逆転方向に駆動すると、電動モータ6の出力トルクが油圧クラッチ8を介して左右の後輪4L,4Rに伝達されて、前進方向または後進方向の発進アシストが行われる。この場合、油圧ポンプ10から油路L3に給油される油の一部は油路L7の絞り18を介して排油され、そのため、電動モータ6の回転数の上昇に伴う油圧ポンプ10からの吐出油量の増加に応じて油圧クラッチ8に入力される油圧が緩やかに昇圧され、レギュレータ16で規定される所定圧に昇圧されたところで油圧が一定になる。図4は、電動モータ6の回転数に対する電動モータ6の出力トルクと、油圧クラッチ10のトルク伝達容量と、後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクとの関係を示している。ここで、油圧クラッチ10のトルク伝達容量は、油圧クラッチ10に入力される油圧に比例して増加する。そして、電動モータ6の回転数が所定値Naに達するまでは、電動モータ6の出力トルクが油圧クラッチ10で伝達可能なトルクを上回るため、油圧クラッチ10の滑りを生じて、後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクが緩やかに立上る。尚、油路L7を設けなくても、油圧ポンプ10や油圧クラッチ8でのリークにより電動モータ6の低回転域での油圧の上昇が規制されるから、後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクの急な立上りは防止できるが、本実施例のように油路L7を設けて、絞り18を介しての排油が行われるようにすれば、後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクをより緩やかに立上げることができる。
【0016】
電動モータ6には、バッテリー19からドライバー回路20を介して給電されるようになっており、コントローラ21によりドライバー回路20を介して電動モータ6を制御すると共に切換弁12の切換制御を行うようにしている。コントローラ21には、前輪3L,3Rの回転速度VFを検出する前輪速センサ22と、後輪4L,4Rの回転速度VRを検出する後輪速センサ23と、ブレーキスイッチ24と、アクセルスイッチ25と、変速機2のポジションセンサ26とからの信号が入力されており、これら信号に基づいて発進アシスト制御を行う。
【0017】
発進アシスト制御の詳細は図5に示す通りであり、ブレーキスイッチ24がオフ(S1)、アクセルスイッチ25がオン(S2)、変速機2のポジションが非ニュートラル用のポジション(S3)、後輪速度VRが所定の発進判断基準値VS(例えば10km/h)未満(S4)という4条件が成立したときに発進時と判断し、発進時と判断されたときは、発進アシストフラグFが「1」にセットされているか否かを判別し(S5)、F=0であれば、前輪速度VFと後輪速度VRとの差△Vが所定の基準値△VS以上か否かを判別する(S6)。△V≧△VSであれば前輪3L,3Rがスリップしていると判断して、発進アシストフラグFを「1」にセットし(S7)、次に、変速機2のポジションが前進用のポジションと後進用のポジションの何れであるかを判別する(S8)。そして、前進用のポジションであるときは、切換弁12を前進位置に切換えると共に(S9)、電動モータ6を正転方向に駆動し(S10)、また、後進用のポジションであるときは、切換弁12を後進位置に切換えると共に(S11)、電動モータ6を逆転方向に駆動する(S12)。
【0018】
これによれば、電動モータ6の出力トルクが油圧クラッチ10を介して後輪4L,4Rに伝達され、前進方向または後進方向の発進がアシストされる。この場合、後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクが上記の如く緩やかに立上がるため、発進アシスト開始時のショックが低減されると共に、電動モータ6の突入電流が低く抑えられる。また、電動モータ6の負荷が増加すると、電動モータ6の回転数の低下で油圧クラッチ10の油圧が低下して油圧クラッチ10の滑りを生ずる。従って、坂道発進時に車両が後ずさりしても、電動モータ6が後輪4L,4R側からの逆駆動で無理に逆転されることはなく、電動モータ6に過負荷が作用することを防止できる。このように、突入電流を低く抑えて、且つ、過負荷を防止できるため、バッテリー6aやドライバー回路6bの容量が小さくて済み、電動モータ6の電力供給システムの低コスト化を図ることができる。
【0019】
発進後、VR≧VSになれば、発進アシストフラグFを「0」にリセットし(S13)、次に、変速機2のポジションがニュートラル用のポジションと前進用のポジションと後進用のポジションの何れであるかを判別する(S14)。そして、前進用のポジションであるときは、切換弁12を後進位置に切換え(S15)、また、後進用のポジションであるときは、切換弁12を前進位置に切換え(S16)、次に、電動モータ6の駆動を停止する(S17)。尚、ニュートラル用のポジションであるときは、切換弁12を切換えずに電動モータ6の駆動を停止する。
【0020】
上記の如く切換弁12を切換えると、油圧クラッチ8に給油されなくなり、油圧クラッチ8が解放されて電動モータ6と後輪4L,4Rとの連結が解かれる。かくて、発進後の後輪4L,4R側からの逆駆動による電動モータ6の過回転が防止される。
【0021】
図6は発進アシスト装置5の第2の実施形態を示しており、上記第1実施形態と同様の部材には上記と同一の符号を付している。第2実施形態のものにおける第1実施形態との主たる相違点は、電動モータ6と油圧クラッチ8との間にツーウェイクラッチ27を介設したことである。
【0022】
尚、図6に示すものでは、油圧クラッチ8と油圧ポンプ10との間にツーウェイクラッチ27を介設しているが、油圧ポンプ10と電動モータ6との間にツーウェイクラッチ27を介設しても良い。
【0023】
ツーウェイクラッチ27は、図7に示す如く、電動モータ6に連結されるギア6aに噛合するギア270aを形成した入力部材たるアウタ270と、油圧クラッチ8に連結される出力部材たるインナ271と、アウタ270とインナ271との間に、図8に示す如く、周方向に間隔を存して配置した複数のスプラグ272と、アウタ270の内周に圧入固定した外側リテーナ273と、外側リテーナ273の内周に、規制ピン274aで規制される所定角度だけ外側リテーナ273に対し相対回転自在に配置した内側リテーナ274と、内側リテーナ274に皿ばね275aによって圧接されるスイッチングプレート275とで構成されており、スイッチングプレート275の外周に、ギア6aに噛合するギア275bを形成している。
【0024】
図8において時計方向を正転方向とすると、外側リテーナ273に対し内側リテーナ274が逆転方向に回転変位している図8(A)の状態では、アウタ270に対するインナ271の正転方向へのオーバー回転が許容され、外側リテーナ273に対し内側リテーナ274が正転方向に回転変位している図8(B)の状態では、アウタ270に対するインナ271の逆転方向へのオーバー回転が許容される。
【0025】
ギア275bの歯数はギア270aの歯数よりも所定数(例えば1歯)多くなっており、電動モータ6によりギア6aを介して図9に実線で示すギア270aを正転方向に回転させると、図9に点線で示すギア275bが正転しつつギア270aに対し逆転方向に相対回転し、ギア270aに一体のアウタ270に固定される外側リテーナ273に対し、ギア275bに一体のスイッチングプレート275に摩擦係合する内側リテーナ274が逆転方向に回転変位して図8(A)の状態に切換わり、インナ271の正転方向へのオーバー回転が許容される。また、電動モータ6によりギア6aを介してギア270aを逆転方向に回転させたときは、ギア270aに対しギア275bが正転方向に相対回転して図8(B)の状態に切換わり、インナ271の逆転方向へのオーバー回転が許容される。また、電動モータ6の駆動停止時に、図8(A)の状態でインナ271が逆転方向に回転すると、一時的にアウタ270も逆転方向に回転するが、この回転に伴うギア270aを介してのギア6aの回転によりギア275bがギア270aに対し正転方向に相対回転して図8(B)の状態に切換わり、以後インナ271は逆転方向に自由回転する。電動モータ6の駆動停止時に、図8(B)の状態でインナ271が正転方向に回転したときも、アウタ270の一時的な正転方向の回転でギア270aとギア6aとを介してギア275bがギア270aに対し逆転方向に相対回転して図8(A)の状態に切換わり、以後インナ271は正転方向に自由回転する。
【0026】
かくて、発進後に電動モータ6の駆動を停止すると、インナ271が正逆両方向に自由に回転できるようになり、電動モータ6に対する後輪4L,4R側からの逆駆動力の伝達が阻止される。従って、第1実施形態の切換弁12を設けなくても、発進後の後輪4L,4R側からの逆駆動による電動モータ6の過回転が防止される。
【0027】
油圧ポンプ10と油圧クラッチ8とを接続する油圧回路11には、図10に示す如く、4個のチェック弁14を組込んだブリッジ回路28が設けられており、ブリッジ回路28の吸い込み側にストレーナ13を接続すると共に、ブリッジ回路30の吐出側に油圧クラッチ8に連なる油路L3を接続し、電動モータ6の正逆何れの方向の回転によっても油圧ポンプ10から油圧クラッチ8に給油されるようにしている。また、油路L3に、レギュレータ16を介設した油路L6と、絞り18を介設した排油用の油路L7とを分岐接続し、第1実施形態のものと同様に後輪4L,4Rの駆動トルクが緩やかに立上るようにしている。
【0028】
また、第2実施形態では切換弁12が不要になるため、発進アシスト制御は図5のS9,S11,S14,S15,S16のステップを削除したプログラムに従って行われる。
【0029】
以上、前輪駆動車両用の発進アシスト装置について説明したが、後輪駆動車両用の発進アシスト装置にも同様に本発明を適用できる。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、発進アシスト開始時における従動輪の駆動トルクの急な立上りを防止して、ショックを低減でき、更に、突入電流を低く抑えると共に電動モータに過負荷が作用することを防止して、電力供給システムの低コスト化を図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明装置の使用例を示す図
【図2】 本発明装置の第1実施形態を示すスケルトン図
【図3】 第1実施形態の油圧回路を示す回路図
【図4】 電動モータの回転数に対する電動モータの出力トルクと油圧クラッチのトルク伝達容量と後輪駆動トルクとの変化を示すグラフ
【図5】 発進アシストの制御プログラムを示すフロー図
【図6】 本発明装置の第2実施形態を示すスケルトン図
【図7】 ツーウェイクラッチの断面図
【図8】 (A)正転時におけるツーウェイクラッチの状態を示す図、(B)逆転時におけるツーウェイクラッチの状態を示す図
【図9】 ツーウェイクラッチのスイッチングプレート用ギアの噛合状態を示す図
【図10】 第2実施形態の油圧回路を示す回路面
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン 3L,3R 前輪(駆動輪)
4L,4R 後輪(従動輪) 5 発進アシスト装置
6 電動モータ 8 油圧クラッチ
10 油圧ポンプ 11 油圧回路
12 切換弁(切換手段) 27 ツーウェイクラッチ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a start assist device mounted on a vehicle in which one of a front wheel and a rear wheel is driven by an engine and the other is a driven wheel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a start assist device is known in which an electric motor for a driven wheel is provided and the driven wheel is driven by an electric motor to assist the start when starting on a slippery road surface such as a snowy road.
[0003]
In this case, an inexpensive DC brush motor used for a cell motor or the like is used as an electric motor so that the durability of the brush is not impaired by over-rotation of the motor due to reverse drive from the driven wheel side after starting. A dog clutch is provided in the power transmission path between the electric motor and the driven wheel, and after starting, the dog clutch is turned off to disconnect the electric motor from the driven wheel.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional example, the driving torque of the driven wheel suddenly rises at the start of start assist, and a shock is likely to occur.In addition, a large inrush current flows at the beginning of the start of the electric motor, and it is delayed when starting on a slope. Thus, the electric motor that is going to rotate forward may be forcibly reversed by reverse drive from the driven wheel side, resulting in an overload on the electric motor. To cope with this, the electric motor power supply system has become larger. Cost.
[0005]
In view of the above, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the shock at the start of start assist, further suppress the inrush current and prevent an overload from acting on the electric motor, thereby reducing the power supply system. It is an object to supply a start assist device that can reduce costs.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a start assist device mounted on a vehicle having one of a front wheel and a rear wheel driven by an engine and the other as a driven wheel, and the driven wheel when the vehicle starts. Is driven by an electric motor, and a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor is provided, and a power transmission path between the electric motor and the driven wheel is connected to the hydraulic pump via a hydraulic circuit. A hydraulic clutch is connected.
[0007]
The hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic clutch increases as the rotational speed of the electric motor that is the drive source of the hydraulic pump increases. Accordingly, slippage of the hydraulic clutch occurs at the beginning of the electric motor, so that the left load is not applied to the electric motor, and the inrush current is kept low. Thereafter, as the rotational speed of the electric motor increases, the engagement force of the hydraulic clutch increases and torque is transmitted to the driven wheel. As a result, the driving torque of the driven wheel rises gently, and the shock at the start of start assist Is reduced. In addition, even if the vehicle starts moving backward on a slope, in this case, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump is lowered and slippage occurs in the hydraulic clutch, so that the electric motor cannot be forcibly reversed by reverse driving from the driven wheel side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an overload from acting on the electric motor.
[0008]
After starting, the energization of the electric motor is stopped, but even after the energization is stopped, the electric motor and the hydraulic pump are rotated by the reverse drive from the driven wheel side, and the hydraulic clutch remains engaged, Over-rotation occurs and its durability deteriorates.
[0009]
In this case, the hydraulic circuit has a forward state in which the discharge oil from the hydraulic pump is supplied to the hydraulic clutch only during the normal rotation of the electric motor, and the discharge oil from the hydraulic pump only during the reverse rotation of the electric motor. If the switching means for switching the oil passage connection to the reverse state for supplying the hydraulic clutch to the hydraulic clutch is provided, it is possible to prevent over-rotation of the electric motor due to reverse drive from the driven wheel side after the start. That is, after the oil passage connection is switched to the forward state by the switching means and the electric motor is driven in the forward direction to assist the start in the forward direction, the oil passage connection is switched to the reverse state. Even if the electric motor is rotated forward by reverse driving from the driving wheel side, the hydraulic clutch is not supplied with oil. Therefore, the hydraulic clutch is released, the electric motor and the driven wheel are disconnected, and the electric motor is reversely driven in the forward rotation direction. Is prevented. Similarly, after the oil passage connection is switched to the reverse state and the electric motor is driven in the reverse direction to assist the start in the reverse direction, the hydraulic clutch is released if the oil passage connection is switched to the forward state. Thus, reverse driving of the electric motor in the reverse direction is prevented.
[0010]
In addition, when the input member on the electric motor side is rotated forward, the output member on the hydraulic clutch side is allowed to rotate in the forward direction between the electric motor and the hydraulic clutch, and the output member is If a two-way clutch that allows over-rotation in the reverse direction is provided, reverse driving of the electric motor after starting can be prevented without providing the switching means. That is, when the electric motor is driven in the forward direction or the reverse direction to assist the start in the forward direction or the reverse direction, the output torque of the electric motor is transmitted to the driven wheel via the two-way clutch and the hydraulic clutch. When the electric motor is not driven, the output member of the two-way clutch can freely rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and reverse driving of the electric motor after starting is prevented.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a front wheel drive vehicle in which left and right front wheels 3L and 3R are driven by an engine 1 via a transmission 2, and a start assist device 5 is arranged between left and right rear wheels 4L and 4R as driven wheels. Yes.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the start assist device 5 is configured to drive the left and right rear wheels 4 </ b> L and 4 </ b> R via a differential gear 7 by an electric motor 6 formed of a DC brush motor. A hydraulic clutch 8 is interposed in the power transmission path between the electric motor 6 and the differential gear 7. A hydraulic pump 10 including a gear pump is provided on a shaft 9 that connects the electric motor 6 and the hydraulic clutch 8, and discharged oil from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the hydraulic clutch 8 via a hydraulic circuit 11.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, the hydraulic circuit 11 is provided with an electromagnetic switching valve 12 as switching means. The switching valve 12 discharges oil when the electric motor 6 rotates forward and discharges oil when the electric motor 6 rotates in reverse, and an oil path L1 communicating with one port of the hydraulic pump 10 that sucks oil when rotating backward. An oil passage L2 that communicates with the other port of the hydraulic pump 10 that sucks oil during rotation, an oil passage L3 that communicates with the hydraulic clutch 8, a strainer 13 1 , a suction check valve 14 1, and an oil drain in parallel therewith The relief passage 15 is connected to an oil passage L4. The oil passage L3 includes an oil passage L5 provided with a strainer 13 2 and a suction check valve 14 1 , an oil passage L6 provided with a regulator 16, a check valve 17 for exhaust oil, and a throttle 18. And an oil passage L7 interposed between them.
[0014]
The switching valve 12 connects the oil path L1 to the oil path L3, connects the oil path L2 to the oil path L4, connects the oil path L1 to the oil path L4, and connects the oil path L2 to the oil path L3. It is possible to switch to the reverse position connected to. In the forward position, when the electric motor 6 is rotated forward, the oil is sucked up by the hydraulic pump 10 via the oil passage L4, and the oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the hydraulic clutch 8 via the oil passage L3. However, when the electric motor 6 is reversed, the oil is sucked up by the hydraulic pump 10 through the oil passage L5, and this oil is discharged from the hydraulic pump 10 through the relief valve 15 of the oil passage L4 and is supplied to the hydraulic clutch 8. Is not refueled. In the reverse position, when the electric motor 6 is reversely rotated, the oil is sucked up by the hydraulic pump 10 through the oil passage L4, and the oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 10 is supplied to the hydraulic clutch 8 through the oil passage L3. However, when the electric motor is rotated forward, the oil is sucked up by the hydraulic pump 10 through the oil passage L5, and this oil is discharged from the hydraulic pump 10 through the relief valve 15 of the oil passage L4. Is not refueled.
[0015]
Thus, when the switching valve 12 is switched to the forward position and the electric motor 6 is driven in the forward direction, or when the switching valve 12 is switched to the reverse position and the electric motor 6 is driven in the reverse direction, the output torque of the electric motor 6 is increased. Is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels 4L, 4R via the hydraulic clutch 8 to perform start assist in the forward or reverse direction. In this case, a part of the oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 10 to the oil passage L3 is drained through the throttle 18 of the oil passage L7, so that the discharge from the hydraulic pump 10 accompanying the increase in the rotational speed of the electric motor 6 is performed. As the oil amount increases, the oil pressure input to the hydraulic clutch 8 is gradually increased, and the oil pressure becomes constant when the oil pressure is increased to a predetermined pressure defined by the regulator 16. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the output torque of the electric motor 6 with respect to the rotational speed of the electric motor 6, the torque transmission capacity of the hydraulic clutch 10, and the driving torque of the rear wheels 4L and 4R. Here, the torque transmission capacity of the hydraulic clutch 10 increases in proportion to the hydraulic pressure input to the hydraulic clutch 10. Until the rotational speed of the electric motor 6 reaches a predetermined value Na, the output torque of the electric motor 6 exceeds the torque that can be transmitted by the hydraulic clutch 10, so that the hydraulic clutch 10 slips and the rear wheels 4L, 4R The drive torque rises slowly. Even if the oil passage L7 is not provided, an increase in the hydraulic pressure in the low rotation range of the electric motor 6 is restricted by a leak in the hydraulic pump 10 or the hydraulic clutch 8, so that the driving torque of the rear wheels 4L and 4R is suddenly However, if the oil passage L7 is provided and oil is discharged through the throttle 18, as in this embodiment, the driving torque of the rear wheels 4L and 4R is raised more gently. be able to.
[0016]
The electric motor 6 is supplied with power from the battery 19 through the driver circuit 20, and the controller 21 controls the electric motor 6 through the driver circuit 20 and performs switching control of the switching valve 12. ing. The controller 21 includes a front wheel speed sensor 22 that detects the rotational speed VF of the front wheels 3L and 3R, a rear wheel speed sensor 23 that detects the rotational speed VR of the rear wheels 4L and 4R, a brake switch 24, and an accelerator switch 25. Signals from the position sensor 26 of the transmission 2 are input, and start assist control is performed based on these signals.
[0017]
The details of the start assist control are as shown in FIG. 5. The brake switch 24 is off (S1), the accelerator switch 25 is on (S2), the position of the transmission 2 is a non-neutral position (S3), and the rear wheel speed. When the four conditions that VR is less than a predetermined start determination reference value VS (for example, 10 km / h) (S4) are satisfied, it is determined that the vehicle is starting, and when it is determined that the vehicle is starting, the start assist flag F is “1”. (S5), and if F = 0, it is determined whether or not the difference ΔV between the front wheel speed VF and the rear wheel speed VR is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference value ΔVS (S6). ). If ΔV ≧ ΔVS, it is determined that the front wheels 3L and 3R are slipping, the start assist flag F is set to “1” (S7), and then the position of the transmission 2 is the forward position. And the reverse position are discriminated (S8). When it is the forward position, the switching valve 12 is switched to the forward position (S9), the electric motor 6 is driven in the forward direction (S10), and when it is the reverse position, the switching is performed. The valve 12 is switched to the reverse position (S11), and the electric motor 6 is driven in the reverse direction (S12).
[0018]
According to this, the output torque of the electric motor 6 is transmitted to the rear wheels 4L and 4R via the hydraulic clutch 10, and assists in starting in the forward or reverse direction. In this case, since the driving torque of the rear wheels 4L and 4R rises gently as described above, the shock at the start of start assist is reduced and the inrush current of the electric motor 6 is kept low. Further, when the load of the electric motor 6 increases, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic clutch 10 decreases due to a decrease in the rotation speed of the electric motor 6 and the hydraulic clutch 10 slips. Therefore, even if the vehicle moves backward at the start of the slope, the electric motor 6 is not forcibly reversed by reverse driving from the rear wheels 4L and 4R, and an overload can be prevented from acting on the electric motor 6. In this way, since the inrush current can be kept low and overload can be prevented, the capacity of the battery 6a and the driver circuit 6b can be reduced, and the cost of the power supply system of the electric motor 6 can be reduced.
[0019]
If VR ≧ VS after starting, the start assist flag F is reset to “0” (S13), and then the position of the transmission 2 is any of a neutral position, a forward position, and a reverse position. (S14). When the position is the forward position, the switching valve 12 is switched to the reverse position (S15). When the position is the reverse position, the switching valve 12 is switched to the forward position (S16). The driving of the motor 6 is stopped (S17). In the neutral position, the drive of the electric motor 6 is stopped without switching the switching valve 12.
[0020]
When the switching valve 12 is switched as described above, oil is not supplied to the hydraulic clutch 8, the hydraulic clutch 8 is released, and the connection between the electric motor 6 and the rear wheels 4L, 4R is released. Thus, over-rotation of the electric motor 6 due to reverse drive from the rear wheels 4L, 4R after the start is prevented.
[0021]
FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the start assist device 5, and members similar to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as above. The main difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a two-way clutch 27 is interposed between the electric motor 6 and the hydraulic clutch 8.
[0022]
In FIG. 6, a two-way clutch 27 is provided between the hydraulic clutch 8 and the hydraulic pump 10, but a two-way clutch 27 is provided between the hydraulic pump 10 and the electric motor 6. Also good.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 7, the two-way clutch 27 includes an outer 270 that is an input member that forms a gear 270 a that meshes with a gear 6 a that is connected to the electric motor 6, an inner 271 that is an output member that is connected to the hydraulic clutch 8, and an outer As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of sprags 272 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, an outer retainer 273 press-fitted to the inner periphery of the outer 270, and the inner retainer 273 An inner retainer 274 is disposed around the circumference so as to be rotatable relative to the outer retainer 273 by a predetermined angle regulated by a regulation pin 274a, and a switching plate 275 pressed against the inner retainer 274 by a disc spring 275a. A gear 275 b that meshes with the gear 6 a is formed on the outer periphery of the switching plate 275.
[0024]
In FIG. 8, when the clockwise direction is the forward rotation direction, the inner retainer 274 is rotationally displaced in the reverse rotation direction with respect to the outer retainer 273. In the state of FIG. In the state of FIG. 8B in which the rotation is allowed and the inner retainer 274 is rotationally displaced in the forward rotation direction with respect to the outer retainer 273, overrotation in the reverse rotation direction of the inner 271 with respect to the outer 270 is allowed.
[0025]
The number of teeth of the gear 275b is larger by a predetermined number (for example, one tooth) than the number of teeth of the gear 270a, and when the gear 270a indicated by the solid line in FIG. 9, the gear 275b indicated by the dotted line rotates in the reverse direction relative to the gear 270a while rotating in the forward direction, and the switching plate 275 integral with the gear 275b with respect to the outer retainer 273 fixed to the outer 270 integral with the gear 270a. The inner retainer 274 that frictionally engages with and rotates in the reverse direction and switches to the state of FIG. 8A, and the over rotation of the inner 271 in the forward direction is allowed. When the electric motor 6 rotates the gear 270a in the reverse direction via the gear 6a, the gear 275b rotates in the forward direction relative to the gear 270a and switches to the state shown in FIG. Over-rotation in the reverse direction of 271 is allowed. Further, when the drive of the electric motor 6 is stopped, if the inner 271 rotates in the reverse rotation direction in the state of FIG. 8A, the outer 270 also temporarily rotates in the reverse rotation direction. The rotation of the gear 6a causes the gear 275b to rotate relative to the gear 270a in the forward rotation direction to switch to the state shown in FIG. 8B, and thereafter the inner 271 freely rotates in the reverse rotation direction. Even when the inner motor 271 rotates in the forward rotation direction in the state of FIG. 8B when driving of the electric motor 6 is stopped, the outer 270 temporarily rotates in the forward rotation direction through the gear 270a and the gear 6a. 275b rotates relative to the gear 270a in the reverse rotation direction to switch to the state shown in FIG. 8A, and thereafter the inner 271 freely rotates in the normal rotation direction.
[0026]
Thus, when driving of the electric motor 6 is stopped after starting, the inner 271 can freely rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and transmission of reverse driving force from the rear wheels 4L and 4R to the electric motor 6 is prevented. . Therefore, even if the switching valve 12 of the first embodiment is not provided, over-rotation of the electric motor 6 due to reverse drive from the rear wheels 4L and 4R after starting is prevented.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 10, a bridge circuit 28 incorporating four check valves 14 is provided in the hydraulic circuit 11 that connects the hydraulic pump 10 and the hydraulic clutch 8, and a strainer is provided on the suction side of the bridge circuit 28. 13 and an oil passage L3 connected to the hydraulic clutch 8 is connected to the discharge side of the bridge circuit 30 so that the hydraulic pump 10 supplies oil to the hydraulic clutch 8 by rotation in either the forward or reverse direction of the electric motor 6. I have to. Further, an oil passage L6 provided with a regulator 16 and a drain oil passage L7 provided with a throttle 18 are branched and connected to the oil passage L3, and the rear wheels 4L, The drive torque of 4R rises gently.
[0028]
Further, in the second embodiment, since the switching valve 12 is not required, the start assist control is performed according to a program in which steps S9, S11, S14, S15, and S16 in FIG. 5 are deleted.
[0029]
Although the start assist device for the front wheel drive vehicle has been described above, the present invention can be similarly applied to the start assist device for the rear wheel drive vehicle.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a sudden rise in the drive torque of the driven wheel at the start of the start assist, reduce the shock, further reduce the inrush current and reduce the electric motor. It is possible to reduce the cost of the power supply system by preventing the overload from acting.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of use of the device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram showing a first embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a hydraulic circuit of the first embodiment. 5 is a graph showing changes in the output torque of the electric motor, the torque transmission capacity of the hydraulic clutch, and the rear wheel drive torque with respect to the number of revolutions. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a start assist control program. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a two-way clutch. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a state of a two-way clutch during normal rotation, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a state of the two-way clutch during reverse rotation. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a meshing state of a gear for a switching plate of a two-way clutch. FIG. 10 is a circuit surface showing a hydraulic circuit according to a second embodiment.
1 Engine 3L, 3R Front wheels (drive wheels)
4L, 4R Rear wheel (driven wheel) 5 Start assist device 6 Electric motor 8 Hydraulic clutch 10 Hydraulic pump 11 Hydraulic circuit 12 Switching valve (switching means) 27 Two-way clutch

Claims (3)

前輪と後輪との一方をエンジンで駆動される駆動輪、他方を従動輪とする車両に搭載する発進アシスト装置であって、
車両の発進時に従動輪を電動モータで駆動するようにしたものにおいて、
前記電動モータで駆動される油圧ポンプを設けると共に、
前記電動モータと前記従動輪との間の動力伝達経路に、前記油圧ポンプに油圧回路を介して接続される油圧クラッチを介設する、
ことを特徴とする車両用発進アシスト装置。
A start assist device mounted on a vehicle having one of front wheels and rear wheels driven by an engine and the other driven wheel,
When the driven wheel is driven by an electric motor when the vehicle starts,
While providing a hydraulic pump driven by the electric motor,
A power transmission path between the electric motor and the driven wheel is provided with a hydraulic clutch connected to the hydraulic pump via a hydraulic circuit;
A vehicle start assist device characterized by the above.
前記油圧回路に、前記電動モータの正転時にのみ前記油圧ポンプからの吐出油を前記油圧クラッチに供給する前進用の状態と、前記電動モータの逆転時にのみ前記油圧ポンプからの吐出油を前記油圧クラッチに供給する後進用の状態とに油路接続を切換える切換手段を設けることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用発進アシスト装置。The hydraulic circuit supplies the hydraulic clutch with the discharge oil from the hydraulic pump only during the normal rotation of the electric motor, and the hydraulic oil discharges the hydraulic pump only during the reverse rotation of the electric motor. 2. The vehicle start assist device according to claim 1, further comprising switching means for switching the oil passage connection to a reverse state supplied to the clutch. 前記電動モータと前記油圧クラッチとの間に、電動モータ側の入力部材の正転時に油圧クラッチ側の出力部材の正転方向へのオーバー回転を許容し、入力部材の逆転時に出力部材の逆転方向へのオーバー回転を許容するツーウェイクラッチを介設することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用発進アシスト装置。Between the electric motor and the hydraulic clutch, the output member on the hydraulic clutch side is allowed to rotate in the forward direction when the input member on the electric motor side is rotated forward, and the reverse direction of the output member is reversed when the input member is reversed. 2. The vehicle start assist device according to claim 1, further comprising a two-way clutch that allows over-rotation of the vehicle.
JP15699199A 1999-06-03 1999-06-03 Vehicle start assist device Expired - Fee Related JP3856985B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15699199A JP3856985B2 (en) 1999-06-03 1999-06-03 Vehicle start assist device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15699199A JP3856985B2 (en) 1999-06-03 1999-06-03 Vehicle start assist device

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JP4187936B2 (en) * 2001-02-07 2008-11-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Control device for front and rear wheel drive vehicle
JP2002291107A (en) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-04 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Device for controlling driving force of vehicle
JP3610970B2 (en) 2002-08-30 2005-01-19 日産自動車株式会社 Driving force control device for four-wheel drive vehicle
JP3701662B2 (en) 2004-02-18 2005-10-05 本田技研工業株式会社 Automatic transmission control device for hybrid vehicle
JP2011037329A (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-24 Toyota Motor Corp Power train of vehicle

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