JP3846955B2 - Special cross-section polyester fiber - Google Patents

Special cross-section polyester fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3846955B2
JP3846955B2 JP02735297A JP2735297A JP3846955B2 JP 3846955 B2 JP3846955 B2 JP 3846955B2 JP 02735297 A JP02735297 A JP 02735297A JP 2735297 A JP2735297 A JP 2735297A JP 3846955 B2 JP3846955 B2 JP 3846955B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cross
section
perfect circle
single yarn
polyester fiber
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP02735297A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10212621A (en
Inventor
達也 小川
正 小柳
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Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp
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Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp
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Priority to JP02735297A priority Critical patent/JP3846955B2/en
Publication of JPH10212621A publication Critical patent/JPH10212621A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は特殊断面を有するポリエステル繊維に関する。更に詳しくは、布帛にした際ドライ感と卓越した吸水・速乾性を発現することが可能な特殊断面ポリエステル繊維に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、ポリエステル繊維はその優れた耐久性とウオッシュアンドウエアー性から衣料用途に多く用いられている。中でも、スポーツ分野には好適に使用されている。
近年、スポーツ用衣料もファッション性と機能性が要求され、種々の工夫されたポリエステル繊維が採用されている。
例えば、特開昭61ー113819号公報、特開平8−246237号公報、特開平7−34342号公報には、特殊な単糸断面形状を持つポリエステル繊維が開示されている。
【0003】
これらの提案は、いずれもその単糸断面形状に凹凸を付与することで布帛とした際に人の肌との接触面積を少なくし、ドライな感触を得ることを目的としたものである。
一方、吸水・速乾性を向上させるには旧来より、ウオッシュバーンの法則から、繊維間に多くの空隙を設け、繊維間の毛細管現象を利用することが有効であることが知られいる。
かかる原理を応用する提案として、特開昭56−140115号公報が提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
吸水・速乾性を向上させる手段として、繊維間に多くの空隙をもうける方法としては、単糸デニールを小さくする方法があるが、布帛の風合いが柔軟になりすぎドライ感が損なわれる問題があった。
一方、ドライ感を向上させる手段として、単糸断面に凹凸を付与する試みが成された。
しかしながら、ドライ感を追求した従来の繊維は、いずれもその単糸断面形状形成の困難性から凹凸の付与に限界があり、ドライ感にも限界があった。
【0005】
特開昭61ー113819号公報等では、ドライ感と吸水・速乾性を同時に向上させることを目的として、単糸断面に凹凸を付与し繊維間に空隙を設ける方法が提案されている。しかし該提案は、布帛製造までの加工段階で単糸断面の凸部と凹部とが相互に勘合し合い一種の最密充填状態となり空隙が消失する問題があった。
この勘合による空隙の消失は、凹凸の程度を増す程顕著になり、すなわち、ドライ感の発現と吸水・速乾性の向上は二律背反の関係にあった。
【0006】
更に、かかる問題を解決する提案として、特開昭56−140115号公報には、特殊な単糸断面形状に加えて後加工により該繊維表面に微細孔を付与することとの組み合わせが提案されている。しかし該提案は、後加工を施して初めて毛細管効果が得られるものであり、工程が煩雑になる欠点があった。
従って、簡便に製造でき、かつ布帛にドライ感と卓越した吸水・速乾性を同時に付与可能な繊維の出現が強く求められていた。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、かかる課題を解決するため鋭意検討を重ねた結果、特殊な単糸断面形状を発案することにより上記問題点が解決されることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
即ち、本発明は、単糸断面において、周囲に4〜8葉の突起部を有し、かつ中心部に鍵穴状に開口した中空部を有し、真円直径換算異型度が1.3〜3であり、中空率が3〜20%であることを特徴とする特殊断面ポリエステル繊維、である。
【0008】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明において、ポリエステルとは、ポリエチレンテレフタレ−ト、ポリブチレンテレフタレ−ト、ポリエチレンナフタレ−トなどのポリエステルや、これらのポリエステル成分にイソフタル酸、アジピン酸、ドデカン二酸、スルホイソフタル酸、シクロヘキサンジメタノ−ルなどの酸成分や、ジエチレングリコ−ル、プロピレングリコ−ル、ポリエチレングリコ−ルなどのグリコ−ル成分を共重合させたものなどのことである。汎用的には、ポリエチレンテレフタレートが用いられる。
【0009】
本発明の繊維は、単糸断面において、周囲に4〜8葉の突起部を有し、かつ中心部に鍵穴状に開口した中空部を有することが必要である。
図1および図2に本発明の単糸断面形状の一例を示す。
単糸断面周囲の突起部の数は、4〜8葉であることが必要である。突起部の数が3葉未満では単糸断面の凹凸が乏しく、ドライ感が得られない。突起部の数が9葉を越えると、鋭利な凹凸を形成することが困難となり丸みをおびたものとなり、ドライ感が得られない。
【0010】
本発明では、単糸断面周囲に突起部を有することと同時に、中心部に鍵穴状に開口した中空部を有することに大きな特徴がある。
この鍵穴状に開口した中空部の存在により、布帛が吸水した際に繊維表面の水や汗が鍵穴状開口部を通じて中空部に浸透し、卓越した吸水性の発現を可能とする。また、乾燥時にはこの開口部を通じて中空部に含まれた水や汗が繊維表面に放出され、卓越した速乾性の発現を可能とする。
【0011】
鍵穴状の開口部の幅は、可及的狭いことが毛細管の機能付与から好ましい。本発明では、約5ミクロン以下であることが好ましい。
中空部の単糸断面に占める割合が中空率であるが、本発明ではこの中空率が3〜20%であることが必要である。中空率が3%未満では吸水・速乾性が不十分となる。20%を越えると、中空部と単糸断面周囲の突起部との肉厚が薄くなり、後加工中に中空部が潰れて染色斑などの品位低下を生じる問題がある。
【0012】
本発明の繊維は、単糸断面で上記中空率に加えて、真円直径換算異型度が1.3〜3を有することが必要である。真円直径換算異型度は、単糸の断面積Sを真円に換算したときの直径をD1とし、単糸の全周長Lを真円に換算したときの直径をD2とした場合の比で、真円直径換算異型度=D2/D1で算出される。
この真円直径換算異型度の値が大きい程、単糸断面周囲の突起部が鋭利であり、または中空部の中空率が大であることを意味する。
【0013】
真円直径換算異型度が1.3より小さい場合には、単糸断面周囲の突起部が丸みをおび、布帛のドライ感が不足する。3より大きい場合には、単糸断面の肉厚が薄くなり後加工中に断面の変形が生じ好ましくない。より好ましい真円直径換算異型度は、1.5〜2.5の範囲である。
図1は真円直径換算異型度が2.0の例であり、図2は真円直径換算異型度が1.5の例である。
【0014】
本発明のポリエステル繊維の製造方法としては、図3に例示するような特殊な形状に穿孔された紡糸孔を複数有する紡口を用いて、公知の溶融紡糸装置により製造される。
異型断面繊維の単糸断面異型度を高める紡糸方法としては、使用するポリエステルの重合度を高める方法や、紡口直下を急冷する方法,紡糸ドラフトを大きくする方法などが一般に採用される。本発明の繊維の製造は、これらのいずれかや、その組み合わせを採用しても良い。
【0015】
本発明のポリエステル繊維は、煩雑な操作や特別の装置を必要とせず、簡便に製造できることが特徴である。
なお、本発明のポリエステル繊維は、布帛とするに際し単独で用いてもよく、または本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で他の繊維と混繊して用いてもよい。
また、フラットヤーン使いのみならず、仮撚加工などにより捲縮を施したもの、あるいは短繊維状にしたものであってもよい。
以下、実施例をもって本発明を説明する。なお、実施例において吸水・速乾性の測定は、「バイレック法」(JISー L1096)によって行った。
【0016】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
酸化チタンを0.5重量%含む固有粘度0.64(オルソクロロフェノール中、1重量%で測定)のポリエチレンテレフタレートを、図3に示す形状の紡糸孔を36個有する紡口より、紡糸温度290℃で押し出した。紡口面下方50mmの位置で温度20℃、湿度65%の冷却風を0.5m/秒の速さで水平方向より吹き出し、冷却を行った。
【0017】
紡糸速度2000m/分で得た未延伸糸を、一旦、巻き取ることなく引き続き2.1倍に延伸し、75d/36fのポリエステル繊維を得た。
この繊維の単糸断面形状は、図1に示すように周囲6葉突起部を有し、かつ中心部に鍵穴状に開口した中空部を有していた。
鍵穴の最も狭い部分の幅は3ミクロンで、中空率は6%であった。また、真円直径換算異型度は、2.0であった。
【0018】
このポリエステル繊維を用いて、経緯糸ともに250回/mの撚りをかけた後、経118本/インチ、緯96本/インチの平織物を得た。
比較として、75d/36fの丸断面の同一規格の平織物を得た。両者の風合いと吸水・速乾性を比較した。
本発明の繊維から得られた布帛は、丸断面の繊維に比較し優れたドライ感を有していた。
また、布帛のバイレック法による吸い上げ高さが165mmであり、丸断面の吸い上げ高さ60mmの約3倍の吸水性を有していた。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、布帛にした際にドライ感と卓越した吸水・速乾性を発現することが可能な、特殊断面を有するポリエステル繊維、を提供することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明における6葉の突起部を有する単糸断面形状を示す概略図である。
【図2】本発明の別の6葉の突起部を有する単糸断面形状を示す概略図である。
【図3】本発明における単糸を製造するための紡糸孔の形状を示す概略図である。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polyester fiber having a special cross section. More specifically, the present invention relates to a special cross-sectional polyester fiber that can exhibit a dry feeling and excellent water absorption and quick drying properties when made into a fabric.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyester fibers have been widely used for clothing because of their excellent durability and wash and wear properties. Especially, it is used suitably for the sports field.
In recent years, sports clothes are required to have fashionability and functionality, and various devised polyester fibers have been adopted.
For example, JP-A-61-113819, JP-A-8-246237, and JP-A-7-34342 disclose polyester fibers having a special single yarn cross-sectional shape.
[0003]
Each of these proposals aims to reduce the contact area with human skin and provide a dry feel when a fabric is formed by imparting irregularities to the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn.
On the other hand, from the past, it has been known from the Washburn's law that it is effective to provide a large number of voids between fibers and utilize the capillary phenomenon between the fibers to improve water absorption and quick drying.
As a proposal for applying this principle, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-140115 has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a means for improving water absorption and quick drying, there is a method of reducing the single yarn denier as a method of creating a large number of voids between the fibers, but there is a problem that the feeling of dryness is impaired because the texture of the fabric becomes too flexible. .
On the other hand, as a means for improving the dry feeling, an attempt was made to give unevenness to the single yarn cross section.
However, all of the conventional fibers pursuing a dry feeling have a limit in providing unevenness due to the difficulty of forming a single yarn cross-sectional shape, and the dry feeling is also limited.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-113819 proposes a method of providing irregularities on a cross section of a single yarn and providing voids between fibers for the purpose of improving dry feeling and water absorption / fast drying at the same time. However, this proposal has a problem that the convex portion and the concave portion of the cross section of the single yarn are engaged with each other in the processing stage up to the manufacture of the fabric to form a kind of close-packed state and the void disappears.
The disappearance of voids due to this fitting becomes more prominent as the degree of unevenness increases, that is, the expression of dryness and the improvement of water absorption and quick drying are in a trade-off relationship.
[0006]
Furthermore, as a proposal for solving such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-140115 proposes a combination of adding a fine hole to the fiber surface by post-processing in addition to a special single yarn cross-sectional shape. Yes. However, this proposal has a drawback that the capillary effect is obtained only after post-processing, and the process becomes complicated.
Therefore, there has been a strong demand for the appearance of fibers that can be easily produced and that can simultaneously impart a dry feeling and excellent water absorption and quick drying properties to the fabric.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present invention has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by devising a special single yarn cross-sectional shape, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention has a single-thread cross section having a protrusion of 4 to 8 leaves in the periphery and a hollow portion opened in the shape of a keyhole at the center, and a perfect circle diameter conversion atypical degree of 1.3 to 3 and a special cross-sectional polyester fiber characterized by having a hollowness of 3 to 20% .
[0008]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, the polyester refers to polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate, and these polyester components include isophthalic acid, adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid, sulfoisophthalic acid, The acid component such as cyclohexane dimethanol and the like, and those obtained by copolymerizing glycol components such as diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol. For general purposes, polyethylene terephthalate is used.
[0009]
The fiber of the present invention needs to have a 4-8 leaf protrusion around the single yarn cross section and a hollow portion opened in a keyhole shape at the center.
1 and 2 show an example of a single yarn cross-sectional shape of the present invention.
The number of protrusions around the single yarn cross section needs to be 4 to 8 leaves. If the number of protrusions is less than 3 leaves, the unevenness of the single yarn cross section is poor and a dry feeling cannot be obtained. If the number of protrusions exceeds nine leaves, it becomes difficult to form sharp irregularities and the surface becomes rounded, and a dry feeling cannot be obtained.
[0010]
The present invention is characterized in that it has a protrusion around the cross section of a single yarn and at the same time has a hollow part that opens in the shape of a keyhole at the center.
Due to the presence of the hollow portion opened in the keyhole shape, when the fabric absorbs water, water or sweat on the fiber surface penetrates into the hollow portion through the keyhole-shaped opening portion, thereby enabling excellent water absorption. In addition, during drying, water and sweat contained in the hollow portion are released to the fiber surface through the opening, thereby enabling excellent quick drying.
[0011]
The width of the keyhole-shaped opening is preferably as narrow as possible from the viewpoint of providing a capillary function. In the present invention, it is preferably about 5 microns or less.
The ratio of the hollow portion to the single yarn cross section is the hollow ratio. In the present invention, the hollow ratio needs to be 3 to 20%. If the hollowness is less than 3%, water absorption and quick drying properties are insufficient. If it exceeds 20%, the thickness of the hollow portion and the protrusion around the cross section of the single yarn becomes thin, and there is a problem in that the hollow portion is crushed during post-processing and the quality is deteriorated such as stained spots.
[0012]
The fiber of the present invention is required to have a perfect circle diameter converted irregularity of 1.3 to 3 in addition to the above hollow ratio in a single yarn cross section. The perfect circle diameter conversion profile is the ratio when the diameter when the cross-sectional area S of the single yarn is converted into a perfect circle is D1, and the diameter when the entire circumference L of the single yarn is converted into a perfect circle is D2. Thus, the perfect circle diameter-converted variant degree = D2 / D1.
It means that the larger the value of the perfect circle diameter converted atypical degree, the sharper the protrusion around the single yarn cross section, or the higher the hollowness of the hollow part.
[0013]
When the perfect circle diameter conversion profile is smaller than 1.3, the protrusion around the cross section of the single yarn is rounded, and the dry feeling of the fabric is insufficient. When it is larger than 3, the thickness of the cross section of the single yarn becomes thin and the cross section is deformed during post-processing, which is not preferable. A more preferable degree of perfect circle diameter conversion is 1.5 to 2.5.
FIG. 1 shows an example in which the perfect circle diameter converted variant is 2.0, and FIG. 2 shows an example in which the perfect circle diameter converted variant is 1.5.
[0014]
The polyester fiber of the present invention is produced by a known melt spinning apparatus using a spinning nozzle having a plurality of spinning holes perforated in a special shape as exemplified in FIG.
As a spinning method for increasing the degree of single-section cross-section of an irregular cross-section fiber, a method for increasing the degree of polymerization of the polyester used, a method for rapidly cooling just below the spinning nozzle, a method for increasing the spinning draft, etc. are generally employed. Any of these or a combination thereof may be used for the production of the fiber of the present invention.
[0015]
The polyester fiber of the present invention is characterized in that it can be easily produced without requiring complicated operations and special equipment.
In addition, the polyester fiber of this invention may be used independently when making it into a fabric, or may be used by mixing with other fibers as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
Further, not only flat yarns but also crimped or false fibers by false twisting or the like may be used.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. In the examples, the measurement of water absorption and quick drying was carried out by the “Byreck method” (JIS-L1096).
[0016]
【Example】
Example 1
Polyethylene terephthalate containing 0.5% by weight of titanium oxide and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 (measured at 1% by weight in orthochlorophenol) was spun at a spinning temperature of 290 from a spinning nozzle having 36 spinning holes having the shape shown in FIG. Extruded at ℃. Cooling was performed by blowing a cooling air with a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% from the horizontal direction at a speed of 0.5 m / second at a position 50 mm below the spinning surface.
[0017]
The undrawn yarn obtained at a spinning speed of 2000 m / min was continuously drawn 2.1 times without being wound up to obtain a 75d / 36f polyester fiber.
As shown in FIG. 1, the single yarn cross-sectional shape of the fiber had a surrounding six-leaf protrusion and a hollow portion opened in a keyhole shape at the center.
The width of the narrowest part of the keyhole was 3 microns, and the hollowness was 6%. The degree of perfection in terms of perfect circle diameter was 2.0.
[0018]
Using this polyester fiber, both warp and weft yarns were twisted 250 times / m, and a plain woven fabric having warps of 118 / inch and weft of 96 / inch was obtained.
As a comparison, a plain fabric of the same standard with a round cross section of 75d / 36f was obtained. The texture and water absorption and quick drying properties of both were compared.
The fabric obtained from the fiber of the present invention had an excellent dry feeling compared to the fiber having a round cross section.
Further, the suction height of the fabric by the birec method was 165 mm, and the water absorption was about three times as large as the suction height 60 mm of the round cross section.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it has been possible to provide a polyester fiber having a special cross section that can exhibit a dry feeling and excellent water absorption and quick drying properties when made into a fabric.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a single yarn cross-sectional shape having a six-leaf projection in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a single yarn cross-sectional shape having another six-leaf protrusion of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the shape of a spinning hole for producing a single yarn in the present invention.

Claims (1)

単糸断面において、周囲に4〜8葉の突起部を有し、かつ中心部に鍵穴状に開口した中空部を有し、真円直径換算異型度が1.3〜3であり、中空率が3〜20%であることを特徴とする特殊断面ポリエステル繊維。
但し、真円直径換算異型度は、断面積Sを真円に換算したときの直径をD1とし、全周長Lを真円に換算したときの直径をD2として、以下で表される。
真円直径換算異型度=D2/D1
In the single yarn cross-section, it has 4-8 leaf protrusions around it, and has a hollow part opened in the shape of a keyhole at the center, with a perfect circle diameter conversion atypical degree of 1.3-3, 3 to 20% of special cross-section polyester fiber,
However, the perfect circle diameter converted irregularity is expressed as follows, with the diameter when the cross-sectional area S is converted to a perfect circle as D1, and the diameter when the entire circumference L is converted into a perfect circle as D2.
Degree of roundness converted to perfect circle diameter = D2 / D1
JP02735297A 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Special cross-section polyester fiber Expired - Fee Related JP3846955B2 (en)

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JP02735297A JP3846955B2 (en) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Special cross-section polyester fiber

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02735297A JP3846955B2 (en) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Special cross-section polyester fiber

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JPH10212621A JPH10212621A (en) 1998-08-11
JP3846955B2 true JP3846955B2 (en) 2006-11-15

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GB2364667A (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-02-06 Du Pont Polymer filaments having open hollow cross-section
US6855425B2 (en) 2000-07-10 2005-02-15 Invista North America S.A.R.L. Polymer filaments having profiled cross-section
JP5443068B2 (en) * 2009-06-12 2014-03-19 ユニチカトレーディング株式会社 Cool-sensitive fabric
JP2011012367A (en) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-20 Teijin Fibers Ltd Fabric having excellent lightness and textile product

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