JP3845542B2 - Self-propelled crusher - Google Patents

Self-propelled crusher Download PDF

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JP3845542B2
JP3845542B2 JP2000102185A JP2000102185A JP3845542B2 JP 3845542 B2 JP3845542 B2 JP 3845542B2 JP 2000102185 A JP2000102185 A JP 2000102185A JP 2000102185 A JP2000102185 A JP 2000102185A JP 3845542 B2 JP3845542 B2 JP 3845542B2
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rotating
teeth
self
crushing device
crusher
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JP2001286781A (en
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一秀 関
有正 大南
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Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、被破砕物を破砕する破砕装置を備えた自走式破砕機に関し、さらに詳しくは、被破砕物を噛み切るように細くせん断するせん断式破砕装置を備えた自走式破砕機及びこれに備えられる回転歯の取り替え方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
破砕機は、例えばビル解体時に搬出されるコンクリート塊や道路補修時に排出されるアスファルト塊などの建設現場で発生する大小さまざまな岩石・建設廃材、あるいは産業廃棄物、及び自然石等を、運搬する前にその作業現場で所定の大きさに破砕することにより、廃材の再利用、工事の円滑化、コスト削減等を図るものである。この破砕機に備えられる破砕装置としては、いくつかの種類が既に提唱されているが、建設廃材、家電品、プラスチック廃材、古タイヤなどを破砕するのに特に好適なものとして、略平行に配置された複数の回転軸のそれぞれに略円盤形状の複数の回転歯を固定し、被破砕物を噛み切るように細くせん断するせん断式破砕装置(いわゆるシュレッダを含む2軸せん断機等)が提唱されている。
【0003】
また、前記回転歯としては、前記回転軸に取り付けられる略円盤状のディスク部と、このディスク部の外周側周方向複数箇所に着脱可能に取り付けられる部分歯(カッタピース)とからなるいわゆるピースカッタが提唱されている。これにより、破砕作業の進行と共に回転歯が摩耗(消耗)した場合でも、前記部分歯のみを前記ディスク部から取り外して交換すれば足りるので交換・メンテナンス作業の容易化を図れ、特に、設備の整った工場への搬入を必要とすることなく破砕機稼働現場での交換を可能としている。
【0004】
以上のような破砕機において、破砕プラントの用地確保の困難化あるいは用地の分散化等の背景に基づき、破砕機を自力走行可能として機動性を持たせた自走式破砕機が既に提唱されている。
【0005】
ここで、前記のピースカッタを備えたせん断式破砕装置を搭載した自走式破砕機として、例えば、実開平7−13442号公報に記載のものがある。この自走式破砕機は、略水平方向に配置された回転軸及びこの回転軸に固定された複数の回転歯をそれぞれ備えた複数の回転体と、これら回転体の外周側に設けられた複数の固定歯とを有するせん断式破砕装置をフレームの長手方向一の側に設け、ホッパで受け入れた被破砕物を前記せん断式破砕装置で破砕し、その破砕物をコンベアで前記長手方向の他の側に搬出するようになっている。このとき、前記破砕装置を駆動する駆動部としてモータと減速機構とが設けられており、前記モータからの駆動力を減速機構で減速して前記複数の回転軸へと伝達するようになっている(なお、上記実開平7−13442号公報中にピースカッタである旨の明確な記載はないが、「歯を交換するためにホッパ内に立ち入る」との記載によってピースカッタであることが明らかに示唆されているものである)。
しかしながら、前記ピースカッタは、前述したような部分着脱可能構造により製造コストが比較的高く、また部品点数が多くなるため交換時の交換部品コスト・作業コストも比較的高くなるという憾みがあった。その一方で、自走式破砕機の場合は自力走行により機動性が高く(トレーラ等での輸送が可能)、もともと工場へ搬入する手間はあまりかからないため、前述したピースカッタの有効性(交換作業の容易化、工場搬入不要)よりも、上記コスト増大の弊害のほうがより大きな問題となる場合もあった。
【0006】
そこで、上記コスト増大を回避するために、例えば、特開平10−137624号公報に記載のように、略水平方向に配置された回転軸及びこの回転軸に固定された複数の一体型の回転歯をそれぞれ備えた複数の回転体について、各回転体を両端部で回転可能に軸支する2つの軸受を上・下2分割可能な取付部材で挟みつけて取り付ける構造としたものがある。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記特開平10−137624号公報の従来技術においては、回転歯の交換時には、前記取付部材を上・下に2分割することにより、各回転体を前記2つの軸受と一体のカートリッジ化された状態のまま、上方へ簡単に抜き出し可能となっている。これにより、回転軸自体を破砕機ケーシングから取り外す等、破砕装置全体の大がかりな解体作業が必要となっていた従来の一体型回転歯方式の破砕機に比べて、摩耗時の交換を容易化し、かつピースカッタでなく一体型回転歯とすることによって製造コストや交換コストを低減することができる。
【0008】
しかしながら、上記特開平10−137624号公報の従来技術においては、以下のような別の問題が存在する。すなわち、各回転体では、前記回転軸に軸方向に所定の等間隔にて前記複数の回転歯を配置固定し、隣接回転歯間には回転歯より小径円盤状のスペーサを1つずつ介在させて固定する。そして複数の回転体を破砕装置内に収納配置するときは、通常のこの種のせん断式破砕装置同様、隣接回転体の前記複数の回転歯どうしが径方向に若干重なり合うように配置される。このとき、その径方向に重なり合っている2つの回転歯どうしの軸方向間隙寸法は、せん断性能上、例えば1mm以下といった極めて小さな値に設定されるのが通常であり、そのため、極めて高い位置決め精度や寸法精度が要求される。
【0009】
このような回転体の配置構造において、例えば、1つの回転体を上方へ抜き出して摩耗回転歯の交換を行う場合に、重量物である回転体を、前述のような極めて高い位置決め精度で他の回転体の回転歯に干渉することなく上方へ抜き出すのは極めて困難である。また仮に抜き出すことができたとしても、回転歯交換終了後に他の回転体の回転歯に干渉することなく再びもとの位置に戻すことは、現実的には不可能に近い。
また例えば、すべての回転体を同時に上方へ抜き出す場合には、上記と異なり比較的簡単に上方へと抜き出すことができるが、もとに戻す際、各回転体の回転歯を干渉させることなく、隣接回転体の前記複数の回転歯どうしが径方向に若干重なり合うように位置決めしたり、上方から下降させてもとの配置位置にそれぞれ収納したりするのは、実際にはまず不可能である。
【0010】
すなわち、上記特開平10−137624号公報においては、一体型回転歯としてコスト低減を図りつつ、摩耗時の交換を容易化することは困難であった。
【0011】
本発明の目的は、一体型の回転歯としてコスト低減を図りつつ、回転歯摩耗時の交換を容易化できる自走式破砕機を提供することにある。
【0012】
記の目的を達成するために、第1の発明は、略水平方向に配置された2つの回転軸とこの回転軸にそれぞれ固定される複数の回転歯と前記回転歯間に設けられる複数のスペーサとこのスペーサに対向するように前記回転歯の外周側に設けられた複数の固定歯とを有するせん断式破砕装置を、フレームの長手方向一方側に設け、ホッパで受け入れた被破砕物を前記せん断式破砕装置で破砕し、その破砕物をコンベアで搬出する自走式破砕機において、前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部が前記フレームの長手方向一方側の側外方に臨むように前記フレーム上に配設し、前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部を、前記せん断式破砕装置のハウジングに着脱可能に設け、前記回転歯及びスペーサを、角断面形状の前記回転軸に前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部側から抜き出し可能に設け、前記複数の固定歯を、前記スペーサに対向し、前記回転歯の外周側にそれぞれ位置するように、前記ハウジング側部から一括して抜き出し可能に前記ハウジングに着脱可能に設けたことを特徴とする。
【0013】
また、第2の発明は、第1の発明において、前記複数の固定歯は、その基部を支持する溝を有し、前記ハウジングに着脱可能に設けられる固定歯支持部に設けたことを特徴とする。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態を図面を用いて説明する。
【0020】
図1は、本実施の形態の自走式破砕機の全体構造を表す側面図であり、図2は、図1に示した自走式破砕機の上面図である。
【0021】
これら図1及び図2において、自走式破砕機1は、例えば油圧ショベルのバケット等の作業具により被破砕物(例えば建設廃材、家電品、プラスチック廃材、古タイヤ等、以下適宜、建設廃材等という)が投入され、その建設廃材等を受け入れるホッパ2、及びホッパ2に受け入れた建設廃材等を所定の大きさに破砕し下方へ排出する破砕装置(この例では2軸シュレッダ)3を搭載した破砕機本体4と、この破砕機本体4の下方に設けられた走行体5と、前記の破砕装置3で破砕され下方へ排出された破砕物を受け入れて自走式破砕機1の後方側(図1及び図2中右側)に運搬し搬出するコンベア6とを有する。
【0022】
前記の走行体5は、トラックフレーム7と、走行手段としての左・右無限軌道履帯8とを備えている。トラックフレーム7は、例えば略長方形の枠体によって形成され、前記破砕装置3、前記ホッパ2、及びパワーユニット15(後述)等を載置する破砕機取付け部7Aと、この破砕機取付け部7Aの下部に設けられた脚部7Bとから構成される。また無限軌道履帯8は、前記脚部7Bにそれぞれ回動自在に支持された駆動輪9a及び従動輪(アイドラ)9bの間に掛け渡されており、駆動輪9a側に設けられた左・右走行用油圧モータ10によって駆動力が与えられることにより自走式破砕機1を走行させるようになっている。
【0023】
前記のホッパ2は、図1及び図2に示すように、4つの側壁2a,2b,2c,2dを備えている。これら側壁2a〜dのうち、側壁2a,2cがトラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向(図1及び図2中左右方向)前方側・後方側に配置されるものであり、側壁2b,2dがトラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの短手方向(図2中上下方向)両側に配置されるものである。そして、側壁2a,2cについてみると、図1に示すように、自走式破砕機1前方側の側壁2aの傾斜角度θ1(図1参照)は、自走式破砕機1後方側の側壁2cの傾斜角度θ2(同)よりも小さく(すなわち傾斜がきつく)なっており、これによって、ホッパ2の前方側突出寸法L(図1参照)がなるべく小さくなるように図られている。
【0024】
前記の破砕装置3は、図1及び図2に示すように、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向前方側(図1及び図2中左側)端部に搭載されており、前記ホッパ2は、破砕装置3のさらに上部に配置されている。
【0025】
この破砕装置3は、せん断式の破砕装置(いわゆる2軸せん断機若しくは2軸シュレッダ)であり、スペーサ22A,22B(詳細構造は後述)を介し回転歯(カッタ)21A,21B(詳細構造は後述)を櫛歯状に所定間隔で取り付けた複数本(この場合2つ)の回転軸20A,20B(図示せず、詳細構造は後述の図3及び図4参照)を、互いに略平行でかつ前記固定歯21A,21Bが交互に噛み合うように略水平に配置している。そして、それら回転軸20A,20Bを互いに逆方向へ回転させる(後述の図4参照)ことにより、ホッパ2より供給された建設廃材等を前記固定歯21A,21Bの間に噛み込んで細片状にせん断し、所定の大きさに破砕するようになっている。またこのとき、前記回転軸20A,20Bへの駆動力は、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7A上の破砕装置3より後方側(すなわちトラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向中間部)に設けた駆動装置11内の油圧モータ12から与えられる。
前記のコンベア6は、搬送側(自走式破砕機後方側、図1及び図2中右側)部分が支持部材(図示せず)を介し後述のパワーユニット15に吊り下げ支持されている。また、反搬送側(自走式破砕機前方側、図1及び図2中左側)部分は、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aよりも下方に位置し、支持部材(図示せず)を介し、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aから吊り下げられるように支持されている。このコンベア6は、コンベア用油圧モータ13(図2参照)によってベルト6a(同)を駆動し、これによって破砕装置3からベルト6a上に落下してきた破砕物を運搬するようになっている。
前記のトラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向後方側(図1、図2中右側)端部の上部には、重量バランス等の観点から、パワーユニット積載部材14を介しパワーユニット15が搭載されている(図1参照)。
【0026】
このパワーユニット15は、前記の左・右走行用油圧モータ10、破砕用油圧モータ12、及びコンベア用油圧モータ13等の油圧アクチュエータへ圧油を吐出する油圧ポンプ(図示せず)と、この油圧ポンプを駆動する原動機としてのエンジン(同)と、前記油圧ポンプから前記油圧アクチュエータへ供給される圧油の流れをそれぞれ制御する複数のコントロールバルブを備えた制御弁装置(同)とを内蔵している。また、パワーユニット15の前方側(図1及び図2中左側)には、操作者が搭乗する運転席16が設けられている。
以上のような基本構成の自走式破砕機において、本実施の形態の最も大きな特徴は、前記破砕装置3の構造にある。図3は、この破砕装置3の詳細構造を表す一部分解上面図であり、図4は、図3中IV−IV断面による横断面図である。
【0027】
これら図3及び図4において、前記の破砕装置3は、その前記駆動装置11と反対側(すなわち図3中では左側)の端部が、破砕機取り付けフレーム7Aの前記長手方向前方側端部と略同一位置にあって(図1参照)自走式破砕機1の前方側外方に臨むように配設されている。この破砕装置3は、略水平方向に配置された横断面形状略六角形の前記回転軸20A,20B、これら回転軸20A,20Bにそれぞれ固定された複数の一体型の前記回転歯21A,21B、及び隣接回転歯21A,21A(又は21B,21B)間に1つずつ介在配置された前記回転歯21A,21Bより小径の円盤状の前記スペーサ22A,22B等からそれぞれ構成される複数(この場合2つ)の回転体23A,23Bと、これら回転体23A,23Bの外周側にそれぞれ設けられた複数の固定歯24A,24Bと、これら回転体23A,23B及び固定歯24A,24Bを内包するハウジング25とを有している。
前記の回転体23A,23Bは、図3及び図4に示すように、それぞれ前記回転軸20A,20Bが前記破砕機取り付けフレーム7Aの長手方向(言い換えれば自走式破砕機1の前後方向)に略沿うように配設されており、また、隣接回転体23A,23Bの前記複数の回転歯21A,21Bどうしが径方向に一部重なり合うように配置されている。
【0028】
またこのとき、前記回転体23A,23Bのうち、図3中下方に示す回転体23Aは、前記回転軸(以下適宜、駆動軸という)20Aの前記駆動装置11側(図3中右側)の端部に駆動歯車27を固定しており、この駆動歯車27よりさらに前記駆動装置11側(図3中右側)は入力軸26と連結されており、この入力軸26が前記駆動装置11の前記油圧モータ12に接続されてその駆動力が入力されるようになっている。一方、回転体23Bの前記回転軸(以下適宜、従動軸という)20Bの前記駆動装置11側の端部には前記駆動歯車27と噛合する従動歯車28が固定されている。なお、回転体23A,23Bの回転軸20A,20Bは軸受部材29を介しハウジング25内に設けた回転軸支持部30,30に回転自在に支持されている。
このような構造により、前記油圧モータ12から入力軸26に入力された駆動力(トルク)は、回転体23Aの駆動軸20Aに伝達されて回転体23Aを図4中矢印方向へ回転させる一方、駆動歯車27及び従動歯車28を介して所定の歯数比で増速(又は減速)して回転体23Bの従動軸20Bにも伝えられ、回転体23Bを図4中矢印方向(すなわち回転体23Aとは逆方向)へ回転させる。このとき、回転体23Bの回転速度は回転体23Aと異なる速度となるように前記歯数比が設定されており、これによって回転体23Aの回転歯21Aの回転数と回転体23Bの回転歯21Bの回転数とが異なるようにし、建設廃材等をそれら回転歯21A,21Bの側面で押し切りせん断破砕するようになっている。
【0029】
前記のハウジング25は略箱型形状となっているが、そのうち前記駆動装置11と反対側(言い換えれば自走式破砕機1の前方側)端部領域25Aが残りの部分に対して例えばボルトを用いた着脱自在構造(あるいはヒンジ等を用いた開閉構造でもよい)となっている(図3は取り外した状態を示している、破線矢印参照)。これによって、前記端部領域25Aを取り外し(又は開く)と、ハウジング25内にある回転軸20A,20Bの駆動装置11と反対側の端部が破砕装置3の外に露出し、自走式破砕機1の前方外方に臨むようになっている。
【0030】
前記の固定歯24A,24Bは、図3及び図4に示すように前記スペーサ22A,22Bの径方向外周側に対向しそれらに対しほぼ同数が設けられている。このとき、回転体23Aの多数のスペーサ22Aに対向して多数設けられる固定歯24Aは、その基底部24Aaが、略薄箱形状の固定歯支持部32Aの溝32Aa内に挿入配置されている。この固定歯支持部32Aは、ハウジング25の一方側(図3中下側、図4中右側)側部25Bに、例えばボルト31(図4参照)を介し着脱自在に取り付けられており、ボルト31を取り外すことによって、固定歯支持部32A及び多数の固定歯24Aを一括して前記ハウジング側部25Bから外側に抜き出せるようになっている。なお、回転体23Bに係わる多数の固定歯24Bも、上記同様、基底部24Baが固定歯支持部32Bの溝32Ba内に挿入配置されており、ボルト31を取り外すことによって、固定歯支持部32B及び多数の固定歯24Bを一括してハウジング他方側(図3中上側、図4中左側)側部25Cから外側に抜き出せるようになっている。
【0031】
なお、上記において、トラックフレーム7が特許請求範囲各項記載のフレームを構成し、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向がフレームの長手方向に相当し、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向一方側(=自走式破砕機1の前方側、図1及び図2中左側)がフレームの長手方向一の側に相当し、トラックフレーム破砕機取付け部7Aの長手方向他方側(自走式破砕機1の後方側、図1及び図2中右側)がフレームの長手方向他の側に相当する。
また、駆動装置11が、せん断式破砕装置を駆動する駆動部を構成し、スペーサ22A,22Bが、隣接回転歯間に1つずつ介在させられるスペーサ部材を構成する。
【0032】
次に、本実施の形態の動作及び作用を以下に説明する。
【0033】
上記構成の自走式破砕機1において、破砕作業時には、例えば油圧ショベルのバケット等の作業具でホッパ2に被破砕物である建設廃材等を投入すると、ホッパ2で受け入れられた建設廃材等が破砕装置3へと導かれ、破砕装置3で噛み切るように所定の大きさに細くせん断破砕される。破砕された破砕物は、破砕装置3下部の空間からコンベア6上に落下して運搬され、大きさがほぼ揃えられて、最終的に自走式破砕機1の後部(図1及び図2中右端部)から搬出される。
【0034】
このような破砕作業を行っていくと、破砕作業の進行と共に回転体23A,23Bの回転歯21A,21Bが摩耗(消耗)していくため、所定期間ごとに交換を行う。その交換手順は以下のようである。
【0035】
すなわちまず、自走式破砕機1の破砕装置3その他の動作を停止した後、ハウジング25の駆動装置11と反対側(自走式破砕機1前方側)の前記端部領域25Aを取り外し(又は開いて)、回転軸20A,20Bの自走式破砕機前方側端部を外部に露出させる(図3の状態に相当)。
【0036】
次に、前記ボルト31を取り外し、ハウジング25の前記側部25B,25Cから、前記固定歯支持部32A,32B及びこれに取り付けられている前記固定歯24A,24Bを一括して外側に取り出す。その後、その露出した回転軸20A,20Bの端部側から前記回転歯21A,21B及びスペーサ22A,22Bを順次取り外して軸方向手前側に引き抜く。このとき、図4を用いて説明したように、隣接する回転体23A,23Bに関し、一方の回転体23A(又は23B)のスペーサ22A(又は22B)と他方の回転体23B(又は23A)の回転歯21B(又は21A)との軸方向の位置がほぼ同じになるので、それらを1組として順次軸方向へ抜き出すようにする。例えば、回転歯21A及びスペーサ22B抜き出し→回転歯21B及びスペーサ22A抜き出し→再び回転歯21A及びスペーサ22B抜き出し…のように交互に繰り返していけばよい。
以上のようにして順次破砕装置3外に取り出すことで、回転歯21A,21Bを容易に取り出すことができる。
【0037】
なお、一括して外側に取り出した前記固定歯支持部32A,32B及び前記固定歯24A,24Bは、各固定歯24A,24Bを前記固定歯支持部32A,32Bの溝32Aa,32Baの長手方向にスライドさせて、各固定歯24A,24Bを溝32Aa,32Baの長手方向端部から溝32Aa,32Ba外へ離脱させ、バラバラにする。
【0038】
一方、新しい回転歯21A,21B及び固定歯24A,24Bを組み入れるときは、上記と逆の手順で、露出している前記回転軸20A,20Bの端部側から回転歯21A,21B及びスペーサ22A,22Bを順次軸方向内側に差し入れて回転軸20A,20B上に配置していく。その後、予め各固定歯24A,24Bを溝32Aa,32Baに挿入配置して取り付けた状態の固定歯支持部32A,32Bを、ハウジング25の前記側部25B,25Cに取り付け、前記ボルト31を締結する。そして最後にハウジング25の前記端部領域25Aを取り付ける(又は閉じる)ことで、もとの状態に復帰できる。
【0039】
以上説明した本実施の形態によれば、以下のような効果を得る。
【0040】
(1)回転歯交換作業の容易化
上述したように、一体型の回転歯21A,21Bであっても容易に交換作業を行える。このとき、軸方向から取り出し・組み入れを行うので、カートリッジ式に上方へ抜き出す従来構造(特開平10−137624号公報)のように隣接回転体の回転歯どうしの干渉が起こることはない。
(2)コスト低減
回転体23A,23Bの回転歯21A,21Bを一体型としているので、いわゆるピースカッタ方式のような部分着脱構造の回転歯に比べ製造コスト低減が図れる。したがって、自走式破砕機1全体のコスト低減も図れる。また、部品点数が少なくなる分、交換時の交換部品コスト・作業コストも低減できる。
【0041】
(3)その他
▲1▼コンベア6の設置位置及び搬送方向による効果
本実施の形態では、コンベア6は、自走式破砕機1の後方側(図1及び図2中右側)に設けられ破砕物をその後方側へ運搬し搬出するようになっている。これにより、回転歯21A,21Bの交換作業時に、天井クレーン等の無い場所であってもユニック等の簡易クレーンを用いて前記ケーシング端部領域25B取り外し部分(前記の露出部分)にアプローチしやすくなり、かつ、交換作業時に回転歯21A,21B等を誤って落下させたとしてもコンベア6が破損するのを確実に防止できる。
▲2▼ホッパ2の形状による効果
本実施の形態では、ホッパ2の側壁2a〜dのうち、自走式破砕機1前方側の側壁2aの傾斜角度θ1は、自走式破砕機1後方側の側壁2cの傾斜角度θ2よりも小さく、ホッパ2の前方側突出寸法L(図1参照)がなるべく小さくなるように図られている。
これにより、上記▲1▼でも述べた簡易クレーンを用いた作業(前記ケーシング端部領域25B取り外し作業、及び取り外した後の回転歯21A,21B等の吊り下げ運搬作業)を容易とし、ホッパ2への干渉を確実に防止できる。
【0042】
この観点から、さらに進めてホッパ2の前記側壁2aを他の部分から着脱可能な構造とし、回転歯21A,21Bの交換作業時には取り外しておくようにしてもよい。
【0043】
▲3▼回転軸20A,20B及び駆動装置11の配置方向・位置による効果
本実施の形態では、破砕装置3の回転体23A,23Bの回転軸20A,20Bを破砕機取り付けフレーム7Aの長手方向と一致させて搭載しているため、特開平10−137624号公報のように回転軸をフレーム短手方向(自走式破砕機幅方向)に配置する場合に比べて、コンベア6の幅方向寸法を狭くすることができる。したがってその分、自走式破砕機1の全体重量を低減でき、輸送性を向上できる。また駆動装置11は破砕装置3よりも自走式破砕機1の後方側に引っ込んで配置されているので、特開平10−137624号公報のように油圧モータ等が破砕装置の自走式破砕機幅方向に突出して配置される場合に比べて、輸送時に他部材に衝突され破損する可能性が少ない。
【0044】
なお、上記本発明の一実施の形態の自走式破砕機1においては、せん断式破砕装置3の回転体23A,23B外周側に固定歯24A,24Bを設けたが、これに限られず、固定歯は必ずしも設けなくても良い。この場合、略薄箱形状の固定歯支持部32A,32Bを省略し、単なる固定式のハウジング側壁としてもよい。
【0045】
また、上記本発明の一実施の形態においては、破砕装置として2軸せん断機を備えた自走式破砕機を例にとって説明したが、これに限られず、もっと多数の軸を備えたせん断機を備えた自走式破砕機にも適用できることは言うまでもない。要は、略平行かつ水平に配置された複数の回転軸のそれぞれに回転歯を固定し、被破砕物を噛み込んでせん断するせん断式破砕装置を備えた自走式破砕機であれば足りる。
【0046】
さらに、上記本発明の一実施の形態においては、破砕装置による破砕作業に関連する作業を行う補助機械としてコンベア6のみを備えた自走式破砕機に適用した場合を例にとって説明したが、これに限られない。例えば、作業事情に応じホッパ2に受け入れた建設廃材等を破砕装置3へと搬送し導くフィーダを備えているものや、コンベア6の上方に設けられコンベア6上を運搬中の破砕物に含まれる磁性物を磁気的に吸引除去する磁選機を備えているものに対し適用しても良い。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、回転軸が長手方向に略沿うように配設しかつせん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部が長手方向一の側外方に臨むように配設したので、一体型回転歯であっても、軸方向から取り出し・組み入れを行って容易に交換作業を行える。したがって、カートリッジ式に上方へ抜き出す従来構造のように隣接回転体の回転歯どうしの干渉が起こることはない。すなわち、回転体の回転歯を一体型の回転歯としてコスト低減を図りつつ、回転歯摩耗時の交換を容易化することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態の自走式破砕機の全体構造を表す側面図である。
【図2】図1に示した自走式破砕機の上面図である。
【図3】図1に示した破砕装置の詳細構造を表す一部分解上面図である。
【図4】図3中IV−IV断面による横断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 自走式破砕機
2 ホッパ
3 破砕装置
6 コンベア
7 トラックフレーム(フレーム)
11 駆動装置(駆動部)
20A,B 回転軸
21A,B 回転歯
22A,B スペーサ(スペーサ部材)
23A,B 回転体
24A,B 固定歯
25 ハウジング
25A 端部領域(反駆動部側端部領域)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a self-propelled crusher provided with a crushing device that crushes the object to be crushed, and more specifically, a self-propelled crusher provided with a shearing crusher that shears thinly so as to bite the object to be crushed, and The present invention relates to a rotating tooth replacement method provided for this.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The crusher transports various types of rocks, construction waste materials, industrial waste, natural stones, etc. generated at construction sites, such as concrete lumps delivered at the time of building demolition and asphalt lumps discharged at road repair By crushing to a predetermined size at the work site before, reuse of waste materials, smooth construction, cost reduction, etc. are intended. Several types of crushing devices equipped in this crusher have already been proposed, but they are arranged almost in parallel as being particularly suitable for crushing construction waste materials, household electrical appliances, plastic waste materials, old tires, etc. A shearing crushing device (such as a biaxial shearing machine including a so-called shredder) has been proposed in which a plurality of substantially disk-shaped rotating teeth are fixed to each of a plurality of rotating shafts, and thinly sheared so as to bite the object to be crushed. ing.
[0003]
Further, as the rotating tooth, a so-called piece cutter comprising a substantially disk-shaped disk portion attached to the rotating shaft and partial teeth (cutter pieces) removably attached to a plurality of locations on the outer circumferential side of the disk portion. Has been proposed. As a result, even if the rotating teeth are worn (consumed) as the crushing operation progresses, it is sufficient to remove and replace only the partial teeth from the disk portion, so that replacement and maintenance work can be facilitated. It is possible to replace at the crusher operation site without the need to carry it to the factory.
[0004]
In the above crusher, a self-propelled crusher has already been proposed that makes it possible to run the crusher on its own based on the difficulty of securing the site for the crushing plant or the decentralization of the site. Yes.
[0005]
Here, as a self-propelled crusher equipped with a shearing crusher equipped with the piece cutter, for example, there is one described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-13442. The self-propelled crusher includes a plurality of rotating bodies each provided with a rotating shaft arranged in a substantially horizontal direction and a plurality of rotating teeth fixed to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotating bodies provided on the outer peripheral side of these rotating bodies. A shearing crushing device having a fixed tooth is provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame, a material to be crushed received by a hopper is crushed by the shearing crushing device, and the crushed material is further conveyed by the conveyor in the other longitudinal direction. It is designed to be carried out to the side. At this time, a motor and a speed reduction mechanism are provided as drive units for driving the crushing device, and the driving force from the motor is decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism and transmitted to the plurality of rotating shafts. (In addition, there is no clear description in the above Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-13442 that it is a piece cutter, but it is clear that it is a piece cutter by the description that “enters the hopper to replace teeth”. Is suggested).
However, the above-mentioned piece cutter has a relatively high manufacturing cost due to the partially detachable structure as described above, and the number of parts is increased, so that replacement parts cost and work cost at the time of replacement are also relatively high. On the other hand, in the case of a self-propelled crusher, its mobility is high due to self-running (it can be transported by trailer) and it does not take much time to carry it into the factory originally. In some cases, the adverse effect of the above cost increase becomes a greater problem than the ease of delivery to the factory and the need to carry in the factory.
[0006]
Therefore, in order to avoid the above cost increase, for example, as described in JP-A-10-137624, a rotating shaft arranged in a substantially horizontal direction and a plurality of integral rotating teeth fixed to the rotating shaft. There is a structure in which two bearings that rotatably support each rotating body at both ends are sandwiched and attached by mounting members that can be divided into upper and lower parts.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-137624, when replacing the rotating teeth, the mounting member is divided into two parts, upper and lower, so that each rotating body is integrated into a cartridge integrated with the two bearings. It can be easily extracted upward. This makes it easier to replace at the time of wear compared to the conventional integrated rotating tooth type crusher, which required a large dismantling work of the entire crushing device, such as removing the rotating shaft itself from the crusher casing, In addition, manufacturing costs and replacement costs can be reduced by using integral rotating teeth instead of piece cutters.
[0008]
However, the conventional technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-137624 has another problem as follows. That is, in each rotating body, the plurality of rotating teeth are arranged and fixed on the rotating shaft at predetermined equal intervals in the axial direction, and a disk-shaped spacer smaller than the rotating teeth is interposed between adjacent rotating teeth one by one. And fix. When the plurality of rotating bodies are accommodated in the crushing apparatus, the plurality of rotating teeth of the adjacent rotating bodies are arranged so as to slightly overlap each other in the radial direction, as in a normal shearing crushing apparatus of this type. At this time, the axial gap dimension between the two rotating teeth overlapping in the radial direction is usually set to an extremely small value such as 1 mm or less in terms of shearing performance. Dimensional accuracy is required.
[0009]
In such a rotating body arrangement structure, for example, when exchanging one rotating body upward and exchanging worn rotating teeth, the rotating body that is a heavy object is replaced with another with extremely high positioning accuracy as described above. It is extremely difficult to extract upward without interfering with the rotating teeth of the rotating body. Even if it can be extracted, it is practically impossible to return it to the original position without interfering with the rotating teeth of the other rotating bodies after completion of the replacement of the rotating teeth.
In addition, for example, when all the rotating bodies are extracted upward at the same time, unlike the above, it can be extracted relatively easily, but when returning to the original state, without interfering with the rotating teeth of each rotating body, It is actually impossible to position the plurality of rotating teeth of the adjacent rotating bodies so as to overlap each other slightly in the radial direction or to store them in their original positions even when they are lowered from above.
[0010]
That is, in the above Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-137624, it is difficult to facilitate replacement at the time of wear while reducing the cost as an integral rotating tooth.
[0011]
  The object of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled crushing that facilitates replacement at the time of rotating tooth wear while reducing costs as an integrated rotating toothMachineIt is to provide.
[0012]
  UpTo achieve the purpose ofThe first invention isTwo rotating shafts arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, a plurality of rotating teeth fixed to the rotating shaft, a plurality of spacers provided between the rotating teeth, and an outer peripheral side of the rotating teeth so as to face the spacers A shear-type crushing device having a plurality of fixed teeth provided is provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame, a material to be crushed received by a hopper is crushed by the shear-type crushing device, and the crushed material is carried out by a conveyor. In self-propelled crusher,The counter-driving unit side end of the shearing crushing device is disposed on the frame so as to face the outer side on one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame, and the counter-driving unit side end of the shearing crushing device is Removably provided on the housing of the shearing crushing device, the rotating teeth and the spacer are provided on the rotary shaft having a square cross-sectional shape so as to be extractable from the end of the shearing crushing device on the side opposite to the driving unit, The fixing teeth are detachably provided on the housing so as to be able to be extracted from the side of the housing in a lump so as to face the spacer and to be positioned on the outer peripheral side of the rotating teeth, respectively.
[0013]
  The second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the plurality of fixed teeth are provided in a fixed tooth support portion that has a groove for supporting a base portion thereof and is detachably provided in the housing. To do.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire structure of the self-propelled crusher of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the self-propelled crusher shown in FIG.
[0021]
1 and 2, the self-propelled crusher 1 uses a work tool such as a bucket of a hydraulic excavator, for example, to be crushed (for example, construction waste, household appliances, plastic waste, old tire, etc. Loaded with a hopper 2 that receives the construction waste, etc., and a crushing device (in this example, a biaxial shredder) 3 that crushes the construction waste received in the hopper 2 into a predetermined size and discharges it downward The crusher main body 4, the traveling body 5 provided below the crusher main body 4, and the crushed material crushed by the crushing device 3 and discharged downward are received on the rear side of the self-propelled crusher 1 ( 1 and FIG. 2 (right side in FIG. 2).
[0022]
The traveling body 5 includes a track frame 7 and left and right endless track tracks 8 as traveling means. The track frame 7 is formed of, for example, a substantially rectangular frame, and includes a crusher mounting portion 7A on which the crushing device 3, the hopper 2, and a power unit 15 (described later) are placed, and a lower portion of the crusher mounting portion 7A. And a leg portion 7B provided on the base plate. Further, the endless track crawler belt 8 is stretched between a drive wheel 9a and a driven wheel (idler) 9b that are rotatably supported by the leg portion 7B, and left and right provided on the drive wheel 9a side. The self-propelled crusher 1 is caused to travel by being given a driving force by the traveling hydraulic motor 10.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hopper 2 includes four side walls 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d. Among these side walls 2a to 2d, the side walls 2a and 2c are arranged in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A in the front and rear sides, and the side walls 2b and 2d. Are arranged on both sides of the truck frame crusher mounting portion 7A in the short direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2). As for the side walls 2a and 2c, as shown in FIG. 1, the inclination angle θ1 (see FIG. 1) of the side wall 2a on the front side of the self-propelled crusher 1 is the side wall 2c on the rear side of the self-propelled crusher 1. The inclination angle θ2 (same as above) of the hopper 2 is smaller (that is, the inclination is tighter), so that the forward protrusion dimension L (see FIG. 1) of the hopper 2 is made as small as possible.
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crushing device 3 is mounted on the end in the longitudinal direction front side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the truck frame crusher mounting portion 7A. The crushing device 3 is disposed further above.
[0025]
This crushing device 3 is a shearing type crushing device (so-called biaxial shearing machine or biaxial shredder), and rotating teeth (cutters) 21A, 21B (detailed structure will be described later) via spacers 22A, 22B (detailed structure will be described later). ) Are attached in a comb-like shape at predetermined intervals (in this case, two) rotating shafts 20A and 20B (not shown, see FIGS. 3 and 4 to be described in detail later) are substantially parallel to each other and The fixed teeth 21 </ b> A and 21 </ b> B are arranged substantially horizontally so as to engage with each other alternately. Then, by rotating the rotary shafts 20A and 20B in opposite directions (see FIG. 4 described later), the construction waste and the like supplied from the hopper 2 are caught between the fixed teeth 21A and 21B, and are in the form of strips. And is crushed into a predetermined size. At this time, the driving force applied to the rotary shafts 20A and 20B is a drive provided on the rear side of the crushing device 3 on the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A (that is, the middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A). It is given from a hydraulic motor 12 in the device 11.
The conveyor 6 is suspended and supported by a power unit 15 (described later) via a support member (not shown) at the conveyance side (the rear side of the self-propelled crusher, the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). In addition, the part opposite to the conveyance side (the front side of the self-propelled crusher, the left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) is positioned below the truck frame crusher mounting portion 7A, and the truck is disposed via a support member (not shown). It is supported so as to be suspended from the frame crusher mounting portion 7A. The conveyor 6 is configured to drive a belt 6a (same as above) by a conveyor hydraulic motor 13 (see FIG. 2), thereby conveying the crushed material falling from the crushing device 3 onto the belt 6a.
A power unit 15 is mounted on the upper part of the end in the longitudinal direction rear side (right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A through a power unit loading member 14 from the viewpoint of weight balance and the like. (See FIG. 1).
[0026]
The power unit 15 includes a hydraulic pump (not shown) that discharges pressure oil to hydraulic actuators such as the left / right traveling hydraulic motor 10, the crushing hydraulic motor 12, and the conveyor hydraulic motor 13, and the hydraulic pump. And a control valve device (same as above) each having a plurality of control valves for controlling the flow of pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic actuator. . In addition, a driver's seat 16 on which an operator gets on the front side of the power unit 15 (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided.
In the self-propelled crusher having the basic configuration as described above, the greatest feature of the present embodiment is the structure of the crushing device 3. FIG. 3 is a partially exploded top view showing the detailed structure of the crushing device 3, and FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.
[0027]
3 and 4, the crushing device 3 has an end on the opposite side to the drive device 11 (that is, the left side in FIG. 3) and the front end in the longitudinal direction of the crusher mounting frame 7A. At substantially the same position (see FIG. 1), the self-propelled crusher 1 is disposed so as to face outward of the front side. The crushing device 3 includes the rotary shafts 20A and 20B having a substantially hexagonal cross section arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, and a plurality of integral rotary teeth 21A and 21B fixed to the rotary shafts 20A and 20B, respectively. And a plurality of disc spacers 22A, 22B each having a smaller diameter than the rotating teeth 21A, 21B, which are disposed one by one between adjacent rotating teeth 21A, 21A (or 21B, 21B) (in this case, 2 ) Rotating bodies 23A, 23B, a plurality of fixed teeth 24A, 24B respectively provided on the outer peripheral sides of these rotating bodies 23A, 23B, and a housing 25 containing these rotating bodies 23A, 23B and fixed teeth 24A, 24B. And have.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotary bodies 23A and 23B have the rotary shafts 20A and 20B in the longitudinal direction of the crusher mounting frame 7A (in other words, the front-rear direction of the self-propelled crusher 1). The plurality of rotating teeth 21A and 21B of the adjacent rotating bodies 23A and 23B are arranged so as to partially overlap each other in the radial direction.
[0028]
At this time, of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B, the rotating body 23A shown in the lower part of FIG. 3 is an end of the rotating shaft (hereinafter referred to as a driving shaft as appropriate) 20A on the driving device 11 side (right side in FIG. 3). A drive gear 27 is fixed to the portion, and the drive device 11 side (right side in FIG. 3) is further connected to an input shaft 26 from the drive gear 27, and the input shaft 26 is connected to the hydraulic pressure of the drive device 11. It is connected to the motor 12 and its driving force is input. On the other hand, a driven gear 28 that meshes with the drive gear 27 is fixed to an end portion of the rotary body 23B on the drive device 11 side of the rotary shaft (hereinafter referred to as a driven shaft as appropriate) 20B. The rotating shafts 20A and 20B of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B are rotatably supported by rotating shaft support portions 30 and 30 provided in the housing 25 via bearing members 29.
With such a structure, the driving force (torque) input from the hydraulic motor 12 to the input shaft 26 is transmitted to the driving shaft 20A of the rotating body 23A to rotate the rotating body 23A in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The speed is increased (or decelerated) at a predetermined gear ratio via the drive gear 27 and the driven gear 28, and is also transmitted to the driven shaft 20B of the rotating body 23B. The rotating body 23B is transmitted in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. In the opposite direction). At this time, the tooth ratio is set so that the rotational speed of the rotating body 23B is different from that of the rotating body 23A, whereby the rotational speed of the rotating teeth 21A of the rotating body 23A and the rotating teeth 21B of the rotating body 23B are set. Thus, the construction waste materials are pushed and sheared on the side surfaces of the rotating teeth 21A and 21B.
[0029]
The housing 25 has a substantially box shape, and the end region 25A on the side opposite to the drive unit 11 (in other words, the front side of the self-propelled crusher 1) has, for example, a bolt with respect to the remaining portion. It is a detachable structure used (or an open / close structure using a hinge or the like) (see FIG. 3 shows a detached state, see broken line arrow). As a result, when the end region 25A is removed (or opened), the end of the rotary shaft 20A, 20B inside the housing 25 opposite to the drive device 11 is exposed to the outside of the crushing device 3, and self-propelled crushing It faces the front outside of the machine 1.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fixed teeth 24 </ b> A and 24 </ b> B are opposed to the radially outer peripheral side of the spacers 22 </ b> A and 22 </ b> B, and substantially the same number is provided. At this time, the fixed teeth 24A provided in a large number so as to face the large number of spacers 22A of the rotating body 23A have their base portions 24Aa inserted and disposed in the grooves 32Aa of the substantially thin box-shaped fixed teeth support portion 32A. The fixed tooth support portion 32A is detachably attached to one side (lower side in FIG. 3, right side in FIG. 4) side portion 25B of the housing 25 via, for example, a bolt 31 (see FIG. 4). By removing the, the fixed tooth support portion 32A and a large number of fixed teeth 24A can be extracted from the housing side portion 25B to the outside. In addition, the base portion 24Ba is also inserted and arranged in the groove 32Ba of the fixed tooth support portion 32B, and the fixed tooth support portion 32B and the fixed tooth support portion 32B are removed by removing the bolt 31 in the same manner as described above. A large number of fixed teeth 24B can be extracted from the side 25C of the other side of the housing (upper side in FIG. 3, left side in FIG. 4).
[0031]
In the above, the track frame 7 constitutes the frame described in each claim, the longitudinal direction of the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the frame, and the longitudinal direction of the track frame crusher mounting portion 7A. One side (= the front side of the self-propelled crusher 1, the left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) corresponds to one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame, and the other side in the longitudinal direction of the truck frame crusher mounting portion 7A (self-propelled type The rear side of the crusher 1 and the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2 correspond to the other side in the longitudinal direction of the frame.
Moreover, the drive device 11 constitutes a drive unit that drives the shearing crushing device, and the spacers 22A and 22B constitute a spacer member that is interposed one by one between adjacent rotating teeth.
[0032]
Next, the operation and action of the present embodiment will be described below.
[0033]
In the self-propelled crusher 1 having the above-described configuration, when crushing is performed, for example, when construction wastes or the like to be crushed are input to the hopper 2 with a work tool such as a bucket of a hydraulic excavator, It is guided to the crushing device 3 and sheared and crushed into a predetermined size so as to be bitten by the crushing device 3. The crushed crushed material falls from the space below the crushing device 3 onto the conveyor 6 and is transported. The sizes are almost uniform, and finally the rear part of the self-propelled crusher 1 (in FIGS. 1 and 2). It is carried out from the right end).
[0034]
When such a crushing operation is performed, the rotating teeth 21A and 21B of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B are worn (consumed) with the progress of the crushing operation, so that replacement is performed at predetermined intervals. The exchange procedure is as follows.
[0035]
That is, first, after stopping the crushing device 3 and other operations of the self-propelled crusher 1, the end region 25A on the opposite side (front side of the self-propelled crusher 1) from the drive device 11 of the housing 25 is removed (or Open) to expose the front end of the self-propelled crusher of the rotary shafts 20A and 20B to the outside (corresponding to the state of FIG. 3).
[0036]
next,The bolt 31 is removed, and the fixed tooth support portions 32A and 32B and the fixed teeth 24A and 24B attached thereto are taken out from the side portions 25B and 25C of the housing 25 to the outside. afterwards,The rotating teeth 21A, 21B and the spacers 22A, 22B are sequentially removed from the exposed end portions of the rotating shafts 20A, 20B and pulled out in the axial direction. At this time, as described with reference to FIG. 4, the rotation of the spacer 22A (or 22B) of one rotating body 23A (or 23B) and the other rotating body 23B (or 23A) with respect to the adjacent rotating bodies 23A and 23B. Since the positions in the axial direction with the teeth 21B (or 21A) are substantially the same, they are sequentially extracted in the axial direction as a set. For example, the rotation teeth 21A and the spacers 22B are extracted, the rotation teeth 21B and the spacers 22A are extracted, and the rotation teeth 21A and the spacers 22B are extracted again.
By sequentially taking out from the crushing device 3 as described above, the rotating teeth 21A and 21B can be easily taken out.
[0037]
The fixed tooth support portions 32A and 32B and the fixed teeth 24A and 24B taken out collectively areThe fixed teeth 24A and 24B are slid in the longitudinal direction of the grooves 32Aa and 32Ba of the fixed tooth support portions 32A and 32B, and the fixed teeth 24A and 24B are outside the grooves 32Aa and 32Ba from the longitudinal ends of the grooves 32Aa and 32Ba. Leave to fall apart.
[0038]
On the other hand, when incorporating new rotating teeth 21A, 21B and fixed teeth 24A, 24B, the procedure is reversed., DewRotating teeth 21A, 21B and spacers 22A, 22B are sequentially inserted inward in the axial direction from the end side of the rotating shafts 20A, 20B that are put out and arranged on the rotating shafts 20A, 20B.Go. Thereafter, the fixed tooth support portions 32A and 32B in a state where the respective fixed teeth 24A and 24B are inserted and arranged in the grooves 32Aa and 32Ba in advance are attached to the side portions 25B and 25C of the housing 25, and the bolt 31 is fastened. . AndFinally, by attaching (or closing) the end region 25A of the housing 25, the original state can be restored.
[0039]
According to the present embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.
[0040]
(1) Easy rotation tooth replacement work
As described above, the replacement work can be easily performed even with the integrated rotary teeth 21A and 21B. At this time, since it is taken out / incorporated from the axial direction, the interference between the rotating teeth of adjacent rotating bodies does not occur unlike the conventional structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-137624) which is pulled out upward in a cartridge type.
(2) Cost reduction
Since the rotating teeth 21A and 21B of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B are integrated, the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with a rotating tooth having a partially detachable structure such as a so-called piece cutter system. Accordingly, the cost of the entire self-propelled crusher 1 can be reduced. Further, since the number of parts is reduced, replacement part costs and work costs at the time of replacement can be reduced.
[0041]
(3) Other
(1) Effect of conveyor 6 installation position and transport direction
In this Embodiment, the conveyor 6 is provided in the back side (right side in FIG.1 and FIG.2) of the self-propelled crusher 1, and conveys a crushed material to the back side and carries it out. Thereby, at the time of exchanging the rotating teeth 21A and 21B, it becomes easy to approach the casing end region 25B removal portion (the exposed portion) using a simple crane such as a unic even if there is no overhead crane or the like. Moreover, even if the rotating teeth 21A, 21B, etc. are accidentally dropped during the replacement work, the conveyor 6 can be reliably prevented from being damaged.
(2) Effect of the shape of the hopper 2
In the present embodiment, among the side walls 2a to 2d of the hopper 2, the inclination angle θ1 of the side wall 2a on the front side of the self-propelled crusher 1 is larger than the inclination angle θ2 of the side wall 2c on the rear side of the self-propelled crusher 1. The front protrusion dimension L (see FIG. 1) of the hopper 2 is designed to be as small as possible.
This facilitates the work using the simple crane described in the above (1) (the work for removing the casing end region 25B and the hanging and carrying work of the rotating teeth 21A, 21B, etc. after the removal) to the hopper 2. Can be reliably prevented.
[0042]
From this point of view, the side wall 2a of the hopper 2 may be further detachable from other parts, and may be removed when the rotating teeth 21A and 21B are replaced.
[0043]
(3) Effects due to the direction and position of the rotary shafts 20A and 20B and the driving device 11
In the present embodiment, since the rotary shafts 20A and 20B of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B of the crushing device 3 are mounted so as to coincide with the longitudinal direction of the crusher mounting frame 7A, as disclosed in JP-A-10-137624. The width direction dimension of the conveyor 6 can be narrowed compared with the case where a rotating shaft is arrange | positioned in a frame short direction (self-propelled crusher width direction). Therefore, the total weight of the self-propelled crusher 1 can be reduced correspondingly, and the transportability can be improved. Further, since the driving device 11 is disposed behind the crushing device 3 and behind the self-propelled crusher 1, the hydraulic motor or the like is a self-propelled crusher of the crushing device as disclosed in JP-A-10-137624. Compared to the case where it is arranged so as to protrude in the width direction, there is less possibility of being collided with other members and being damaged during transportation.
[0044]
In the self-propelled crusher 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the fixed teeth 24A and 24B are provided on the outer peripheral side of the rotating bodies 23A and 23B of the shear crusher 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. Teeth are not necessarily provided. In this case, the fixed tooth support portions 32A and 32B having a substantially thin box shape may be omitted, and a mere fixed housing side wall may be used.
[0045]
In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the self-propelled crusher having a biaxial shearing machine as an example of the crushing apparatus has been described as an example. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a shearing machine having a larger number of axes is used. Needless to say, it can be applied to the self-propelled crusher provided. The point is that a self-propelled crusher provided with a shearing crushing device that fixes rotating teeth to each of a plurality of rotating shafts arranged substantially parallel and horizontally and bites and crushes the object to be crushed is sufficient.
[0046]
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the case where the present invention is applied to a self-propelled crusher having only the conveyor 6 as an auxiliary machine that performs operations related to the crushing operation by the crushing device has been described. Not limited to. For example, it is included in the one provided with a feeder that conveys and guides the construction waste or the like received in the hopper 2 to the crushing device 3 according to the work circumstances, or the crushed material being transported on the conveyor 6 above the conveyor 6 You may apply with respect to what is equipped with the magnetic separator which attracts and removes a magnetic substance magnetically.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the rotary shaft is arranged so as to be substantially along the longitudinal direction, and the counter driving part side end of the shearing crushing device is arranged so as to face one side in the longitudinal direction. Even rotating teeth can be easily replaced and removed from the axial direction. Therefore, interference between the rotating teeth of adjacent rotating bodies does not occur unlike the conventional structure in which the cartridge type is drawn upward. That is, it is possible to facilitate replacement at the time of rotating tooth wear while reducing the cost by using the rotating teeth of the rotating body as an integrated rotating tooth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a self-propelled crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the self-propelled crusher shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially exploded top view showing a detailed structure of the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Self-propelled crusher
2 Hoppers
3 crusher
6 Conveyor
7 Track frame (frame)
11 Drive unit (drive unit)
20A, B Rotating shaft
21A, B Rotating teeth
22A, B Spacer (Spacer member)
23A, B Rotating body
24A, B fixed teeth
25 Housing
25A end region (counter region on the side opposite to the drive unit)

Claims (2)

略水平方向に配置された2つの回転軸とこの回転軸にそれぞれ固定される複数の回転歯と前記回転歯間に設けられる複数のスペーサとこのスペーサに対向するように前記回転歯の外周側に設けられた複数の固定歯とを有するせん断式破砕装置を、フレームの長手方向一方側に設け、ホッパで受け入れた被破砕物を前記せん断式破砕装置で破砕し、その破砕物をコンベアで搬出する自走式破砕機において、前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部が前記フレームの長手方向一方側の側外方に臨むように前記フレーム上に配設し、前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部を、前記せん断式破砕装置のハウジングに着脱可能に設け、前記回転歯及びスペーサを、角断面形状の前記回転軸に前記せん断式破砕装置の反駆動部側端部側から抜き出し可能に設け、前記複数の固定歯を、前記スペーサに対向し、前記回転歯の外周側にそれぞれ位置するように、前記ハウジング側部から一括して抜き出し可能に前記ハウジングに着脱可能に設けたことを特徴とする自走式破砕機。Two rotating shafts arranged in a substantially horizontal direction, a plurality of rotating teeth fixed to the rotating shaft, a plurality of spacers provided between the rotating teeth, and an outer peripheral side of the rotating teeth so as to face the spacers A shear-type crushing device having a plurality of fixed teeth provided is provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame, a material to be crushed received by a hopper is crushed by the shear-type crushing device, and the crushed material is carried out by a conveyor. In the self-propelled crusher, the shear driving crushing device is disposed on the frame so that the end of the shearing crushing device on the one side in the longitudinal direction of the frame faces the outside. A drive unit side end is detachably provided on the housing of the shearing crushing device, and the rotating teeth and spacers are extracted from the end of the shearing crushing device on the side opposite to the driving unit on the rotary shaft having a square cross-sectional shape. Possible Provided, characterized in that a plurality of fixed teeth, facing the spacer, so as to be positioned respectively on the outer periphery of the rotating teeth, provided detachably on capable the housing withdrawn collectively from the housing side A self-propelled crusher. 前記複数の固定歯は、その基部を支持する溝を有し、前記ハウジングに着脱可能に設けられる固定歯支持部に設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の自走式破砕機。2. The self-propelled crusher according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of fixed teeth have a groove for supporting a base portion thereof and are provided on a fixed tooth support portion that is detachably provided on the housing.
JP2000102185A 2000-04-04 2000-04-04 Self-propelled crusher Expired - Lifetime JP3845542B2 (en)

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JP4986573B2 (en) * 2006-10-30 2012-07-25 日立建機株式会社 Shear type crusher
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