JP3832546B2 - Surface treatment equipment - Google Patents

Surface treatment equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3832546B2
JP3832546B2 JP19024799A JP19024799A JP3832546B2 JP 3832546 B2 JP3832546 B2 JP 3832546B2 JP 19024799 A JP19024799 A JP 19024799A JP 19024799 A JP19024799 A JP 19024799A JP 3832546 B2 JP3832546 B2 JP 3832546B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
circulation system
tank
treatment
liquid circulation
surface treatment
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JP19024799A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001020094A (en
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俊彦 小池
裕和 杉山
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Taikisha Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Taikisha Ltd
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車ボディや自動車部品の塗装ラインに用いられる表面調整処理装置、電着塗装装置その他の表面処理装置に関し、特に槽内に設けられたライザーの運転を制御することで槽内流のバランス調整と省エネとを両立させた表面処理装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車ボディの塗装系には、下塗り塗装、中塗り塗装および上塗り塗装からなる3コート塗装系が広く採用されているが、このうちの下塗り塗装工程では、たとえば脱脂処理、表面調整、化成処理あるいは電着塗装などの工程において、自動車ボディを処理液または塗料液中に全没させるディッピング塗装法が広く用いられている。
【0003】
この種のディッピング塗装法においては、連続的に搬送される自動車ボディを所定の時間だけ全没させる必要があるため、槽内には大量の処理液や塗料液が収容されている。
【0004】
なかでも、電着塗料液は、低固形分に希釈されているので、常時あるいは間欠的に撹拌しないと顔料沈降が生じ、また槽内収容量が大量であることから、いったん顔料が沈降すると再分散させるのはきわめて困難である。電着塗料液において顔料の分散が不均一であると、塗膜の光沢が変動し、これが上塗り塗膜にまで影響を及ぼすことになる。
【0005】
また、電気泳動作用により塗膜形成を行う電着塗装においては、塗膜形成時、すなわちディッピング時に被塗面で反応ガスが発生し、この気泡をそのまま放置すると析出中の塗膜内に残留して塗膜欠陥になる。この意味からも、槽内の電着塗料液に適当な流速を与え、これにより反応ガスを被塗面から除去する必要がある。
【0006】
さらに、電着塗装においては、塗膜形成時に反応熱が生じるため、被塗面近傍の塗料温度が上昇し塗膜抵抗が低下するが、これを放置すると局部的に厚膜になる。電着膜厚が不均一であると、塗膜表面品質、たとえば鮮映性や塗り肌も不均一となる他、厚膜すぎるとコスト的にも問題がある。したがって、被塗面に適温の塗料液を送って冷却する意味からも、槽内撹拌が必要となる。
【0007】
一方、塗装工程の前工程である溶接工程では、車体パネルをスポット溶接やアーク溶接などにより接合して組み立てるので、スポット溶接時のスパッタ等の金属粉が自動車ボディに付着したまま塗装工程に搬入される。電着塗装工程の前処理工程では、このような異物を洗浄するために多段の洗浄工程が設けられているが、微細な金属粉や室内に付着した異物を完全に洗い落とすことはできない。
【0008】
こうした金属粉が電着槽内に持ち込まれると、これが自動車ボディの特に水平部などに再付着し、電着塗膜内に入りこんで塗膜欠陥を引き起こすことになる。このため、被塗面に付着しようとする金属粉などの異物を除去し、また濾過器により槽外へ排出する意味からも、槽内撹拌が利用されている。
【0009】
このように、顔料沈降の防止あるいは顔料分散の均一化、気泡や熱の除去および異物の付着防止などの諸観点から、槽内の電着塗料液をポンプで吸引し、これを槽内に配置された複数の噴射ノズルから噴射させることにより、電着槽内の撹拌が行われている。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、従来の電着塗装装置や表面調整処理装置(本明細書ではこれらを総称して表面処理装置という。)では、ラインの稼働中においては塗料液の顔料沈降以外にも、気泡や熱の除去あるいは異物の付着防止といった諸目的があるため、それに応じた流速・流量で槽内撹拌を行う必要があるが、休日またはボディの搬入が一時的に中断する休憩時間や直間においても、稼働中と同じ流速・流量で槽内撹拌を行っていたので、循環系に要するエネルギーが多大となり省エネおよびランニングコストの点で問題があった。
【0011】
本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、槽内流のバランス調整と省エネとを両立させた表面処理装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
(1) 上記目的を達成するために、請求項1記載の表面処理装置は、処理液が満たされる処理槽と、前記処理槽内の処理液を吸引して前記処理槽に戻す処理液循環系とを有する表面処理装置において、前記処理液循環系が、前記処理液を処理槽の表面領域に噴射する第1の処理液循環系と、前記処理液を処理槽の底面領域に噴射する第2の処理液循環系とに分割され、互いに独立して制御され、前記第1および第2の処理液循環系は、被処理物の表面処理が行われている稼働時か、被処理物の表面処理が中断されている非稼働時かに応じて、それぞれの循環量が制御され、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第1の処理液循環系を停止または間欠運転とすることを特徴とする。
【0013】
この場合、請求項2記載の表面処理装置のように、前記第1および第2の処理液循環系のそれぞれは、メイン配管と、当該メイン配管から分岐した複数のサブ配管と、当該サブ配管に設けられた噴射ノズルと、前記メイン配管および前記複数のサブ配管の少なくとも一方に設けられた流量調節弁とを有することがより好ましい。
【0015】
フルディップあるいはハーフディップなどのディッピング法を用いた表面処理装置では、顔料沈降の防止あるいは顔料分散の均一化、気泡や熱の除去および異物の付着防止などの諸観点から槽内撹拌が必要とされるが、被処理物の処理が一時的に中断する非稼働中においては、主として顔料沈降の防止を目的とした槽内撹拌を行えば足りる。
【0016】
こうした観点から、請求項1乃至記載の発明では、処理槽内の処理液を吸引して処理槽に戻す処理液循環系を、処理液を処理槽の表面領域に噴射する第1の処理液循環系と、処理液を処理槽の底面領域に噴射する第2の処理液循環系とに分割し、互いに独立して制御するように構成している。
【0017】
そして、たとえば稼働中においては槽内に適切な流れが生じるように第1および第2の処理液循環系の両方を運転することで被処理物の品質を確保する。その一方で、非稼働中においては、主として処理液の顔料沈降が生じないように第2の処理液循環系を運転する。これにより、非稼働時において第1および第2の処理液循環系で減少させることができた分の運転エネルギが低減されることになる。
【0018】
なお、請求項1における「表面処理装置の非稼働時」とは、被処理物の表面処理がある一定時間以上中断される、たとえば休日、直間、休憩時間などをいい、「表面処理装置の稼働時」とは、それ以外の、被処理物の表面処理が実質的に連続して行われている時間をいう。
【0019】
(2) 上記発明においては特に限定されないが、稼働時および非稼働時に応じた第1および第2の処理液循環系それぞれの循環量の制御の実施形態としては、以下のものを挙げることができる。
【0020】
(2−1)まず、請求項1記載の発明では、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第1の処理液循環系を停止または間欠運転とする。すなわち、非稼働時においては、主に顔料沈降を防止できる槽内撹拌を行えば足りるので、主として表面流を生じさせる第1の処理液循環系を停止して第2の処理液循環系のみの運転によって槽内撹拌を行う。これにより、第1の処理液循環系を停止した分の運転エネルギを低減することができる。
【0021】
ただし、休日などのように非稼働時間が長時間になる場合には、第1の処理液循環系そのものに滞留した処理液に顔料沈降が生じるおそれもあるため、こうしたときは第1の処理液循環系を完全に停止せず、所定時間間隔で運転させることが好ましく、これも本発明の範囲内である。
【0022】
(2−2)請求項3記載の発明では、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の循環量を、当該第2の処理液循環系の稼働時の循環量と同等とする。
【0023】
すなわち、特に第1の処理液循環系と第2の処理液循環系とが同一の循環系で構成されている場合には、第1の処理液循環系を停止または間欠運転とすると、この第1の処理液循環系を循環しなかった量の処理液が第2の処理液循環系に流れ込むことになる。しかしながら、既述したように非稼働時においては主に顔料沈降を防止できる循環量で槽内撹拌を行えば足りるので、第2の処理液循環系の循環量を稼働時と同等の循環量まで絞り、過不足のない循環量とする。これにより、第1および第2の処理液循環系全体の循環量が減少することになり、その減少した分の運転エネルギを低減することができる。
【0024】
(2−3)請求項4記載の発明では、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の少なくとも一のサブ配管系を間欠運転とする。
【0025】
第2の処理液循環系は、稼働時においても非稼働時においても連続運転とすることで顔料沈降を防止することが好ましいが、非稼働時における連続運転は、必ずしも全てのサブ配管系の連続運転のみを意味するものではない。すなわち、第2の処理液循環系が複数のサブ配管系から構成されている場合には、これら複数のサブ配管系を幾つかのグループに分け、交互に運転することで第2の処理液循環系全体として必要な循環量が確保できれば良い。特に本発明では、処理槽内に噴射される処理液の流速を維持しながらさらに処理液の循環量が低減できるので、省エネ効果がより高くなる。
【0026】
またこれに代えて、請求項5記載の発明のように、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の少なくとも一のサブ配管系の循環量を間欠的に減少させることもできる。
【0027】
すなわち、第2の処理液循環系が複数のサブ配管系から構成されている場合には、これら複数のサブ配管系を幾つかのグループに分け、交互に循環量を減少させることで第2の処理液循環系全体として必要な循環量を確保しても良い。特に本発明では、請求項4記載の発明と同様に省エネ効果がより高まることに加え、処理液の循環を停止しないので、噴射ノズルの詰まりを確実に防止することができる。
【0028】
(3) 上記発明の表面処理装置は、限定はされないが、電着塗装装置や表面調整処理装置などに広く適用することができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
請求項1乃至記載の発明によれば、槽内循環系を2つの循環系に分割しているので、非稼働時において、第1および第2の処理液循環系で減少させることができた分の運転エネルギが低減される。したがって、稼働時においては流量バランスに優れる一方で、非稼働時においては省エネ運転を実現できる表面処理装置を提供することができる。
【0030】
これに加えて、請求項4記載の発明によれば、処理槽内に噴射される処理液の流速を維持しながらさらに処理液の循環量が低減できるので、省エネ効果がより高くなる。
【0031】
また請求項5記載の発明によれば、省エネ効果がより高まることに加え、処理液の循環を停止しないので、噴射ノズルの詰まりを確実に防止することができる。
【0032】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
第1実施形態
図1は本発明の表面処理装置を電着塗装装置に適用した実施形態を示す断面図である。
【0033】
まず、図1に示す実施形態の電着塗装装置は、本発明の基本的構成を織り込んだもので、長い船状の電着槽1を有し、この電着槽1内に電着塗料液Lが満たされている。被塗物である自動車ボディおよびその搬送装置の図示は省略するが、自動車ボディは、ハンガに搭載された状態でオーバーヘッドコンベアにより一定速度で搬入され、電着槽1内へボディを全没させるために、このオーバーヘッドコンベアは、電着槽1の入槽側で約20°〜40°の下向き傾斜とされ、電着槽有効範囲においてはボディが全没する高さを保ち、出槽側で約20°〜40°の上向き傾斜とされている。図1において、図の左側が入槽側であり右側が出槽側である。
【0034】
電着槽有効範囲、つまりボディが全没する範囲の電着槽1の長さは、たとえば3分以上の全没時間が確保されるように設定されている。ボディが入槽されると、カチオン型電着塗料では、電着槽1の側壁および底壁に配置された電極板(図示を省略する。)を介して、電着塗料Lに300V前後の直流電圧が印加され、これによりアースされたボディとの間で塗料粒子の電気泳動が生じ、ボディの内外板や袋構造内面に電着塗膜が形成される。
【0035】
電着槽1の出槽側の外部にはオーバーフロー槽2が設けられており、電着槽1とオーバーフロー槽2との間の堰を越えた電着塗料液Lは当該オーバーフロー槽2へ流入する。このオーバーフロー槽2には、塗料配管301を介して、インバータ制御される吸引ポンプ302が設けられており、図示はしないがこの塗料配管301にフィルタや熱交換器が設けられる。
【0036】
ポンプ302の下流側の塗料配管301は、主として槽内の表面領域に電着塗料液Lを噴射する第1の循環系(本発明の第1の処理液循環系に相当する。)31と、主として槽内の底面領域に電着塗料液Lを噴射する第2の循環系(本発明の第2の処理液循環系に相当する。)32とに分割されている。それぞれのメイン配管を、図1に符号311,321にて示す。
【0037】
第1の循環系31においては、メイン配管311の基部に流量調節弁312が設けられ、その下流側が、複数の噴射ノズル314が装着された複数のサブ配管313に分岐されている。同図に噴射ノズル314の噴射方向を矢印で示す。第1の循環系31のサブ配管313は、電着槽1の両側壁に沿って所定のピッチで設けられ、噴射ノズル314からの電着塗料液Lの噴射によって槽内の表面流を出槽側へ向かう方向とする。
【0038】
これに対して、第2の循環系32においては、メイン配管321の基部に流量調節弁322が設けられ、その下流側が、複数の噴射ノズル324が装着された複数のサブ配管323に分岐されている。同図に噴射ノズル324の噴射方向を矢印で示す。第2の循環系32のサブ配管323は、電着槽1の幅方向にわたって底面に沿って設けられ、噴射ノズル324からの電着塗料液Lの噴射によって槽内の底面流を入槽側へ向かう方向とする。
【0039】
なお、第1の循環系31および第2の循環系32のそれぞれに設けられた流量調節弁312,322は電動バルブにて構成され、図外のコントローラからの指令信号によってそれぞれの開度が制御される。
【0040】
次に作用を説明する。
被塗物であるボディを搬送して電着塗装を行う場合(以下、稼働時ともいう。)には、2つの流量調節弁312,322の何れをも開き、第1および第2の循環系31に共通するポンプ302を駆動する。これにより、オーバーフロー槽2内の電着塗料液Lが吸引され、この電着塗料液Lは、フィルタによって濾過され、熱交換器によって適切な温度に調節されたのち、第1の循環系31のメイン配管311と第2の循環系32のメイン配管321とに分流されて、それぞれのサブ配管313,323に設けられた複数の噴射ノズル314,324から電着槽1へ噴射される。これらの噴射ノズル314,324からの塗料液Lの噴射力により、電着槽1の表面領域では入槽側から出槽側へ向かう液流となり、電着槽1の底面領域では出槽側から入槽側へ向かう液流となり、電着槽1全体としては、同図において時計回りの大きな循環流が生じる。
【0041】
このとき、2つの流量調節弁312,322は、表面流と底面流とのバランスが好適となって所望の槽内流が得られるように、それぞれの開度が調節される。また、第1および第2の循環系31,32全体の循環量は、ポンプ302をインバータ制御することで調節することができる。
【0042】
これに対して、休日や長い休憩時間(以下、非稼働時ともいう。)においては、第1の循環系31の流量調節弁312を閉じ、第2の循環系32のみの運転に切り替える。ただし、第1の循環系31のメイン配管311やサブ配管313内に電着塗料液Lが滞留して顔料が沈降するおそれがあるため、たとえば30分に1〜2回の頻度で流量調節弁312を開いても良い。また、非稼働時においては、流量調節弁312を完全に閉じることに代えて、少量の電着塗料液Lが流れるように開度を絞っても良い。
【0043】
第1の循環系31を閉じたりあるいは開度を絞ると、その分の電着塗料液Lが第2の循環系32に流れ込むことになる。したがって、非稼働時においては、稼働時と同等の流量が確保できる程度に、ポンプ302をインバータ制御して当該ポンプ302の吸引量を減少させる。
【0044】
このように、非稼働時においては、第1の循環系31を基本的に停止し、ポンプ302の消費電力を低減するので、その分の省エネ効果が期待できる。また、本実施形態では、第1の循環系31と第2の循環系32とのそれぞれに一つの流量調節弁312,322を設ければ足りるので、設備費を大幅に低減することができる。
【0045】
その他の実施形態
本発明の表面処理装置は上述した実施形態にのみ限定されることなく種々に改変することができる。図2および図3はそれぞれ本発明の他の実施形態を示す断面図である。
【0046】
図2の電着塗装装置では、第1の循環系31と第2の循環系32とのそれぞれのメイン配管311,321に流量調節弁を設ける代わりに、各メイン配管311,321のサブ配管313,323のそれぞれに流量調節弁312,322が設けられている。
【0047】
これらそれぞれの流量調節弁312,322は、上記実施形態と同様に、図外のコントローラからの指令信号によってその開度が制御される。
【0048】
そして、稼働時には、第1の循環系31の流量調節弁312と、第2の循環系32の流量調節弁322との何れをも開き、ポンプ302を駆動する。これにより、オーバーフロー槽2内の電着塗料液Lが吸引され、この電着塗料液Lは、フィルタによって濾過され、熱交換器によって適切な温度に調節されたのち、第1の循環系31のメイン配管311と第2の循環系32のメイン配管321とに分流されて、それぞれのサブ配管313,323に設けられた複数の噴射ノズル314,324から電着槽1へ噴射される。これらの噴射ノズル314,324からの塗料液Lの噴射力により、電着槽1の表面領域では入槽側から出槽側へ向かう液流となり、電着槽1の底面領域では出槽側から入槽側へ向かう液流となり、電着槽1全体としては、同図において時計回りの大きな循環流が生じる。
【0049】
このとき、複数の流量調節弁312,322は、表面流と底面流とのバランスが好適となって所望の槽内流が得られるように、それぞれの開度が調節され、また、第1および第2の循環系31,32全体の循環量は、ポンプ302をインバータ制御することで調節することができるが、流量調節弁312,322の開度をそれぞれ調節できるので、槽内流の緻密な制御を行うことができる。
【0050】
一方、非稼働時においては、第1の循環系31の各流量調節弁312を閉じ、第2の循環系32のみの運転に切り替える。ただし、第1の循環系31のメイン配管311やサブ配管313内に電着塗料液Lが滞留して顔料が沈降するおそれがあるため、たとえば30分に1〜2回の頻度で流量調節弁312を開いても良いが、複数の流量調節弁312を同時に開くと、ポンプ302の吸引量を増加させる必要が生じるため、順次1本ずつ開いても良い。さらにまた、非稼働時においては、流量調節弁312を完全に閉じることに代えて、少量の電着塗料液Lが流れるように開度を絞っても良い。
【0051】
第2の循環系32においては、第1の循環系31を閉じたりあるいは開度を絞ると、その分の電着塗料液Lが第2の循環系32に流れ込むことになるので、非稼働時においては、稼働時と同等の流量が確保できる程度に、ポンプ302をインバータ制御して当該ポンプ302の吸引量を減少させる。このとき、本実施形態では、サブ配管323毎に流量調節弁322が設けられているので、たとえば1本おきに流量調節弁322を閉じ、これを所定時間間隔で切り替えることで、さらに電着塗料液Lの循環量を低減することもできる。すなわち、ポンプ302の吸引量を減少させても、その分だけサブ配管323を閉じれば、流量調節弁322が開いているサブ配管323の噴射ノズル324から噴射される電着塗料液Lの流速は確保でき、これにより槽内の電着塗料液Lの顔料沈降を防止することができる。
【0052】
このように、非稼働時においては、第1の循環系31を基本的に停止し、ポンプ302の消費電力を低減するので、その分の省エネ効果が期待できる。また、本実施形態では、第1の循環系31と第2の循環系32とのそれぞれのサブ配管313,323のそれぞれに流量調節弁312,322を設けているので、槽内流をより緻密に制御することができる。
【0053】
なお、第2の循環系32のサブ配管323のそれぞれに流量調節弁322を設ける代わりに、たとえば図3に示すようにサブ配管を2系統以上(本例では2系統)323a,323bに分割し、この2系統323a,323bのメイン配管321a,321bにそれぞれ流量調節弁322a,322bを設けても良い。
【0054】
また、図示は省略するが、第1の循環系31も図3に示す第2の循環系32のように、サブ配管313を2系統以上に分割し、この各系統のメイン配管にそれぞれ流量調節弁を設けても良い。
【0055】
なお、以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするために記載されたものであって、本発明を限定するために記載されたものではない。したがって、上記の実施形態に開示された各要素は、本発明の技術的範囲に属する全ての設計変更や均等物をも含む趣旨である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態を示す断面図である。
【図2】本発明の他の実施形態を示す断面図である。
【図3】本発明のさらに他の実施形態を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1…電着槽(処理槽)
2…オーバーフロー槽
3…電着塗料液循環系(処理液循環系)
31…第1の循環系(第1の処理液循環系)
311…メイン配管
312…流量調節弁
313…サブ配管
314…噴射ノズル
32…第2の循環系(第2の処理液循環系)
321…メイン配管
322…流量調節弁
323…サブ配管
324…噴射ノズル
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surface conditioning treatment device, an electrodeposition coating device, and other surface treatment devices used in a painting line for automobile bodies and automobile parts, and in particular, by controlling the operation of a riser provided in the tank, The present invention relates to a surface treatment apparatus that achieves both balance adjustment and energy saving.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Three-coating systems consisting of undercoating, intermediate coating, and topcoating are widely used as automotive body coating systems. Of these, the undercoating process includes, for example, degreasing, surface conditioning, chemical conversion, or electrical processing. A dipping coating method in which an automobile body is completely immersed in a processing liquid or a coating liquid is widely used in processes such as wearing coating.
[0003]
In this type of dipping coating method, it is necessary to completely immerse the continuously transported automobile body for a predetermined time, and therefore a large amount of processing liquid and paint liquid are accommodated in the tank.
[0004]
In particular, since the electrodeposition coating liquid is diluted to a low solid content, pigment settling occurs if it is not constantly or intermittently stirred, and the amount of water contained in the tank is large. It is very difficult to disperse. If the dispersion of the pigment is not uniform in the electrodeposition coating liquid, the gloss of the coating film fluctuates, which affects the top coating film.
[0005]
In addition, in electrodeposition coating in which a coating film is formed by electrophoretic action, a reaction gas is generated on the surface to be coated when the coating film is formed, that is, dipping. If this bubble is left as it is, it remains in the coating film during deposition. It becomes a coating film defect. From this point of view, it is necessary to give an appropriate flow rate to the electrodeposition coating liquid in the tank, thereby removing the reaction gas from the surface to be coated.
[0006]
Furthermore, in electrodeposition coating, reaction heat is generated when a coating film is formed, so that the coating temperature in the vicinity of the surface to be coated rises and the coating film resistance decreases. If the electrodeposition film thickness is not uniform, the surface quality of the coating film, for example, the sharpness and the coated skin are not uniform, and if it is too thick, there is a problem in terms of cost. Therefore, the agitation in the tank is also required from the viewpoint of cooling the coating surface by sending an appropriate temperature coating liquid.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the welding process, which is the pre-process of the painting process, the body panel is joined and assembled by spot welding or arc welding, so metal powder such as spatter during spot welding is carried into the painting process while adhering to the automobile body. The In the pretreatment process of the electrodeposition coating process, a multi-stage cleaning process is provided for cleaning such foreign matters, but fine metal powder and foreign matters adhering to the room cannot be completely washed away.
[0008]
When such metal powder is brought into the electrodeposition tank, it reattaches to the horizontal part of the automobile body, and enters the electrodeposition coating film to cause coating film defects. For this reason, in-tank stirring is used also from the meaning which removes foreign materials, such as a metal powder which tends to adhere to a to-be-coated surface, and discharges out of a tank with a filter.
[0009]
In this way, from various viewpoints such as prevention of pigment sedimentation or uniform pigment dispersion, removal of bubbles and heat, and prevention of foreign matter adhesion, the electrodeposition paint liquid in the tank is sucked with a pump and placed in the tank. The agitation in the electrodeposition tank is performed by spraying from a plurality of spray nozzles.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in conventional electrodeposition coating equipment and surface conditioning treatment equipment (referred to collectively as surface treatment equipment in this specification), during the operation of the line, in addition to the precipitation of pigment in the paint liquid, Since there are various purposes such as removal or prevention of foreign matter adhesion, it is necessary to perform stirring in the tank at a flow rate and flow rate corresponding to it, but it can be operated even during holidays or when the body is temporarily suspended. Since the tank was agitated at the same flow rate and flow rate as the inside, the energy required for the circulation system became large, and there was a problem in terms of energy saving and running cost.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment apparatus that achieves both balance adjustment of the flow in the tank and energy saving.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) In order to achieve the above object, a surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1 is a treatment tank filled with a treatment liquid, and a treatment liquid circulation system that sucks the treatment liquid in the treatment tank and returns it to the treatment tank. A first treatment liquid circulation system for injecting the treatment liquid onto a surface area of the treatment tank; and a second treatment liquid injecting the treatment liquid onto a bottom area of the treatment tank. And the first and second treatment liquid circulation systems are in operation during the surface treatment of the object to be treated or the surface of the object to be treated. processing depending on whether the time of non-operation that has been interrupted, the respective circulation quantity is controlled, the at the time of non-operation of a surface treatment apparatus, the stop of the first processing liquid circulation system or said intermittent operation and to Rukoto And
[0013]
In this case, as in the surface treatment apparatus according to claim 2, each of the first and second treatment liquid circulation systems includes a main pipe, a plurality of sub pipes branched from the main pipe, and the sub pipe. It is more preferable to have an injection nozzle provided and a flow control valve provided in at least one of the main pipe and the plurality of sub pipes.
[0015]
In a surface treatment apparatus using a dipping method such as full dipping or half dipping, stirring in the tank is required from various viewpoints such as prevention of pigment sedimentation or uniform pigment dispersion, removal of bubbles and heat, and prevention of foreign matter adhesion. However, during non-operation when the treatment of the object to be treated is temporarily interrupted, it is sufficient to perform in-tank stirring mainly for the purpose of preventing pigment settling.
[0016]
From this point of view, in the first and second aspects of the invention, the processing liquid circulation system for sucking the processing liquid in the processing tank and returning it to the processing tank is used as the first processing liquid for injecting the processing liquid onto the surface area of the processing tank. The system is divided into a circulation system and a second treatment liquid circulation system that injects the treatment liquid onto the bottom region of the treatment tank, and is configured to be controlled independently of each other.
[0017]
For example, during operation, the quality of the object to be processed is ensured by operating both the first and second processing liquid circulation systems so that an appropriate flow is generated in the tank. On the other hand, during non-operation, the second processing liquid circulation system is operated so that pigment settling of the processing liquid does not occur mainly. As a result, the operating energy that can be reduced by the first and second processing liquid circulation systems during non-operation is reduced.
[0018]
In addition, “when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation” in claim 1 means that the surface treatment of the object to be treated is interrupted for a certain period of time, for example, a holiday, an interval, a break time, etc. “At the time of operation” refers to the time during which the surface treatment of the object to be treated is performed substantially continuously.
[0019]
(2) Although not particularly limited in the above invention, examples of the control of the circulation amounts of the first and second processing liquid circulation systems according to the operating time and the non-operating time can include the following. .
[0020]
(2-1) First, in the first aspect of the present invention, when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation, the first treatment liquid circulation system is stopped or intermittently operated. That is, when not in operation, it is only necessary to perform stirring in the tank that can mainly prevent pigment settling, so that the first treatment liquid circulation system that mainly generates the surface flow is stopped and only the second treatment liquid circulation system is used. The tank is stirred by operation. Thereby, the operation energy corresponding to the stop of the first processing liquid circulation system can be reduced.
[0021]
However, when the non-operating time is long, such as on a holiday, pigment settling may occur in the processing liquid staying in the first processing liquid circulation system itself. In such a case, the first processing liquid It is preferred that the circulatory system is not stopped completely, but is operated at predetermined time intervals, which is also within the scope of the present invention.
[0022]
(2-2) In the invention described in claim 3 , when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation, the circulation amount of the second treatment liquid circulation system is set to the circulation amount during operation of the second treatment liquid circulation system. Equivalent.
[0023]
That is, particularly when the first treatment liquid circulation system and the second treatment liquid circulation system are configured by the same circulation system, the first treatment liquid circulation system is stopped or intermittently operated. The amount of the processing liquid that has not circulated through the first processing liquid circulation system flows into the second processing liquid circulation system. However, as described above, it is only necessary to perform stirring in the tank at a circulation amount that can mainly prevent pigment sedimentation during non-operation, so that the circulation amount of the second treatment liquid circulation system is reduced to a circulation amount equivalent to that during operation. Set the circulation amount so that there is no restriction or excess or deficiency. Thereby, the circulation amount of the whole 1st and 2nd process liquid circulation system will reduce, and the operating energy for the reduced part can be reduced.
[0024]
(2-3) In the invention according to claim 4 , when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation, at least one sub-pipe system of the second treatment liquid circulation system is operated intermittently.
[0025]
The second treatment liquid circulation system is preferably operated continuously during both operation and non-operation so as to prevent pigment sedimentation. However, continuous operation during non-operation is not necessarily continuous for all sub-piping systems. It does not mean driving alone. In other words, when the second processing liquid circulation system is composed of a plurality of sub piping systems, the plurality of sub piping systems are divided into several groups and operated alternately to perform the second processing liquid circulation. It is sufficient if the necessary circulation amount can be secured for the entire system. In particular, in the present invention, the circulation rate of the treatment liquid can be further reduced while maintaining the flow rate of the treatment liquid injected into the treatment tank, so that the energy saving effect is further increased.
[0026]
Alternatively, as in the invention according to claim 5 , when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation, the circulation amount of at least one sub piping system of the second treatment liquid circulation system is intermittently reduced. You can also.
[0027]
That is, when the second treatment liquid circulation system is composed of a plurality of sub-piping systems, the plurality of sub-piping systems are divided into several groups, and the circulation amount is alternately reduced to reduce the second amount. A necessary circulation amount may be secured for the entire processing liquid circulation system. In particular, in the present invention, the energy saving effect is further increased as in the case of the fourth aspect of the invention, and the circulation of the processing liquid is not stopped, so that the injection nozzle can be reliably prevented from being clogged.
[0028]
(3) Although the surface treatment apparatus of the said invention is not limited, it can apply widely to an electrodeposition coating apparatus, a surface adjustment processing apparatus, etc.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first to third aspects of the invention, since the in-tank circulation system is divided into two circulation systems, the first and second treatment liquid circulation systems can be reduced when not in operation. Operating energy is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a surface treatment apparatus that is excellent in flow rate balance during operation and can realize energy saving operation during non-operation.
[0030]
In addition, according to the invention described in claim 4, since the circulation amount of the treatment liquid can be further reduced while maintaining the flow rate of the treatment liquid injected into the treatment tank, the energy saving effect is further enhanced.
[0031]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the energy saving effect is further increased, and the circulation of the treatment liquid is not stopped, so that the injection nozzle can be reliably prevented from being clogged.
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which the surface treatment apparatus of the present invention is applied to an electrodeposition coating apparatus.
[0033]
First, the electrodeposition coating apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 incorporates the basic configuration of the present invention, has a long ship-shaped electrodeposition tank 1, and an electrodeposition coating liquid in the electrodeposition tank 1 L is satisfied. Although the illustration of the automobile body that is the object to be coated and its conveying device is omitted, the automobile body is carried at a constant speed by an overhead conveyor while being mounted on a hanger, and the body is completely immersed in the electrodeposition tank 1 In addition, the overhead conveyor is inclined downward by about 20 ° to 40 ° on the entrance side of the electrodeposition tank 1, and maintains the height at which the body is fully immersed in the effective range of the electrodeposition tank, and is about The upward inclination is 20 ° to 40 °. In FIG. 1, the left side of the figure is the entrance tank side and the right side is the exit tank side.
[0034]
The effective length of the electrodeposition tank, that is, the length of the electrodeposition tank 1 in the range where the body is completely submerged, is set such that a total immersion time of, for example, 3 minutes or more is secured. When the body is placed in the cation type electrodeposition paint, a direct current of about 300 V is applied to the electrodeposition paint L via electrode plates (not shown) disposed on the side wall and bottom wall of the electrodeposition tank 1. A voltage is applied, whereby electrophoresis of paint particles occurs between the grounded body and an electrodeposition coating film is formed on the inner and outer plates of the body and the inner surface of the bag structure.
[0035]
An overflow tank 2 is provided outside the electrodeposition tank 1 on the outlet tank side, and the electrodeposition coating liquid L that has passed over the weir between the electrodeposition tank 1 and the overflow tank 2 flows into the overflow tank 2. . The overflow tank 2 is provided with a suction pump 302 that is inverter-controlled via a paint pipe 301. Although not shown, the paint pipe 301 is provided with a filter and a heat exchanger.
[0036]
The paint pipe 301 on the downstream side of the pump 302 has a first circulation system 31 (corresponding to the first treatment liquid circulation system of the present invention) 31 that mainly injects the electrodeposition paint liquid L onto the surface region in the tank. It is divided into a second circulation system (corresponding to the second treatment liquid circulation system of the present invention) 32 that mainly injects the electrodeposition coating liquid L onto the bottom area in the tank. The respective main pipes are denoted by reference numerals 311 and 321 in FIG.
[0037]
In the first circulation system 31, a flow rate adjustment valve 312 is provided at the base of the main pipe 311, and its downstream side is branched into a plurality of sub pipes 313 equipped with a plurality of injection nozzles 314. In the figure, the injection direction of the injection nozzle 314 is indicated by an arrow. The sub piping 313 of the first circulation system 31 is provided at a predetermined pitch along both side walls of the electrodeposition tank 1, and discharges the surface flow in the tank by the injection of the electrodeposition paint liquid L from the injection nozzle 314. The direction toward the side.
[0038]
On the other hand, in the second circulation system 32, a flow rate adjustment valve 322 is provided at the base of the main pipe 321, and its downstream side is branched into a plurality of sub pipes 323 equipped with a plurality of injection nozzles 324. Yes. In the figure, the injection direction of the injection nozzle 324 is indicated by an arrow. The sub piping 323 of the second circulation system 32 is provided along the bottom surface in the width direction of the electrodeposition tank 1, and the bottom surface flow in the tank is injected toward the inlet tank side by the injection of the electrodeposition coating liquid L from the injection nozzle 324. The direction to go.
[0039]
The flow rate adjustment valves 312 and 322 provided in the first circulation system 31 and the second circulation system 32 are configured by electric valves, and the opening degree of each is controlled by a command signal from a controller (not shown). Is done.
[0040]
Next, the operation will be described.
When the electrodeposition coating is performed by conveying the body to be coated (hereinafter also referred to as operation), both the two flow control valves 312 and 322 are opened, and the first and second circulation systems are opened. The pump 302 common to 31 is driven. As a result, the electrodeposition paint liquid L in the overflow tank 2 is sucked, the electrodeposition paint liquid L is filtered by a filter, adjusted to an appropriate temperature by a heat exchanger, and then the first circulation system 31. The flow is divided into the main pipe 311 and the main pipe 321 of the second circulation system 32 and is injected into the electrodeposition tank 1 from a plurality of injection nozzles 314 and 324 provided in the respective sub pipes 313 and 323. Due to the spraying force of the coating liquid L from these spray nozzles 314 and 324, a liquid flow is directed from the inlet tank side to the outlet tank side in the surface area of the electrodeposition tank 1, and from the outlet tank side in the bottom area of the electrodeposition tank 1 A liquid flow toward the inlet tank is generated, and a large circulating flow in the clockwise direction is generated in the same figure as the electrodeposition tank 1 as a whole.
[0041]
At this time, the opening degree of each of the two flow rate adjusting valves 312 and 322 is adjusted so that the balance between the surface flow and the bottom surface flow is favorable and a desired flow in the tank is obtained. Further, the circulation amount of the entire first and second circulation systems 31 and 32 can be adjusted by inverter control of the pump 302.
[0042]
On the other hand, during a holiday or a long break (hereinafter also referred to as non-operating time), the flow control valve 312 of the first circulatory system 31 is closed and the operation is switched to the operation of the second circulatory system 32 alone. However, since the electrodeposition coating liquid L may stay in the main pipe 311 and the sub pipe 313 of the first circulation system 31 and the pigment may settle, for example, the flow rate control valve is once or twice every 30 minutes. 312 may be opened. Further, when not in operation, the opening degree may be reduced so that a small amount of the electrodeposition coating liquid L flows instead of completely closing the flow rate adjustment valve 312.
[0043]
When the first circulation system 31 is closed or the opening degree is reduced, the electrodeposition coating liquid L corresponding to that amount flows into the second circulation system 32. Therefore, when not in operation, the pump 302 is inverter-controlled to reduce the suction amount of the pump 302 to such an extent that a flow rate equivalent to that during operation can be secured.
[0044]
In this way, when not in operation, the first circulation system 31 is basically stopped and the power consumption of the pump 302 is reduced, so that an energy saving effect can be expected. Moreover, in this embodiment, since it is sufficient to provide one flow rate adjustment valve 312 and 322 in each of the first circulation system 31 and the second circulation system 32, the facility cost can be greatly reduced.
[0045]
Other Embodiments The surface treatment apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be variously modified. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the present invention.
[0046]
In the electrodeposition coating apparatus of FIG. 2, instead of providing flow control valves in the main pipes 311 and 321 of the first circulation system 31 and the second circulation system 32, sub-pipes 313 of the main pipes 311 and 321, respectively. , 323 are provided with flow control valves 312, 322, respectively.
[0047]
The opening degree of each of the flow rate adjusting valves 312 and 322 is controlled by a command signal from a controller (not shown) as in the above embodiment.
[0048]
During operation, both the flow rate adjustment valve 312 of the first circulation system 31 and the flow rate adjustment valve 322 of the second circulation system 32 are opened, and the pump 302 is driven. As a result, the electrodeposition paint liquid L in the overflow tank 2 is sucked, the electrodeposition paint liquid L is filtered by a filter, adjusted to an appropriate temperature by a heat exchanger, and then the first circulation system 31. The flow is divided into the main pipe 311 and the main pipe 321 of the second circulation system 32 and is injected into the electrodeposition tank 1 from a plurality of injection nozzles 314 and 324 provided in the respective sub pipes 313 and 323. Due to the spraying force of the coating liquid L from these spray nozzles 314 and 324, a liquid flow is directed from the inlet tank side to the outlet tank side in the surface area of the electrodeposition tank 1, and from the outlet tank side in the bottom area of the electrodeposition tank 1 A liquid flow toward the inlet tank is generated, and a large circulating flow in the clockwise direction is generated in the same figure as the electrodeposition tank 1 as a whole.
[0049]
At this time, the opening degree of each of the plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 312 and 322 is adjusted so that a desired balance between the surface flow and the bottom flow is obtained and a desired flow in the tank is obtained. The total circulation amount of the second circulation systems 31 and 32 can be adjusted by inverter control of the pump 302. However, since the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valves 312 and 322 can be adjusted, respectively, Control can be performed.
[0050]
On the other hand, when not in operation, each flow rate adjustment valve 312 of the first circulation system 31 is closed and the operation is switched to the operation of only the second circulation system 32. However, since the electrodeposition coating liquid L may stay in the main pipe 311 and the sub pipe 313 of the first circulation system 31 and the pigment may settle, for example, the flow rate control valve is once or twice every 30 minutes. 312 may be opened, but if a plurality of flow rate adjustment valves 312 are opened at the same time, the suction amount of the pump 302 needs to be increased. Furthermore, when not in operation, the opening degree may be reduced so that a small amount of the electrodeposition coating liquid L flows instead of completely closing the flow rate adjustment valve 312.
[0051]
In the second circulatory system 32, when the first circulatory system 31 is closed or the opening degree is reduced, the electrodeposition coating liquid L flows into the second circulatory system 32. In step S2, the pump 302 is controlled by an inverter so that a flow rate equivalent to that at the time of operation can be secured, thereby reducing the suction amount of the pump 302. At this time, in this embodiment, since the flow control valve 322 is provided for each sub-pipe 323, for example, by closing the flow control valve 322 every other line and switching it at predetermined time intervals, the electrodeposition paint is further provided. The circulation amount of the liquid L can also be reduced. That is, even if the suction amount of the pump 302 is reduced, if the sub pipe 323 is closed by that amount, the flow rate of the electrodeposition coating liquid L injected from the injection nozzle 324 of the sub pipe 323 in which the flow rate control valve 322 is opened is It is possible to ensure, thereby preventing sedimentation of the pigment of the electrodeposition coating liquid L in the tank.
[0052]
In this way, when not in operation, the first circulation system 31 is basically stopped and the power consumption of the pump 302 is reduced, so that an energy saving effect can be expected. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the flow control valves 312 and 322 are provided in the respective sub-pipes 313 and 323 of the first circulation system 31 and the second circulation system 32, the flow in the tank is more precise. Can be controlled.
[0053]
Instead of providing the flow control valve 322 in each of the sub-pipes 323 of the second circulation system 32, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the sub-pipe is divided into two or more systems (two systems in this example) 323a and 323b. The main pipes 321a and 321b of the two systems 323a and 323b may be provided with flow control valves 322a and 322b, respectively.
[0054]
Although not shown, the first circulation system 31 also divides the sub-pipe 313 into two or more systems like the second circulation system 32 shown in FIG. A valve may be provided.
[0055]
The embodiment described above is described for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Electrodeposition tank (treatment tank)
2. Overflow tank 3. Electrodeposition paint liquid circulation system (treatment liquid circulation system)
31 ... 1st circulation system (1st process liquid circulation system)
311 ... Main piping 312 ... Flow control valve 313 ... Sub piping 314 ... Injection nozzle 32 ... Second circulation system (second processing liquid circulation system)
321 ... Main piping 322 ... Flow rate control valve 323 ... Sub piping 324 ... Injection nozzle

Claims (5)

処理液が満たされる処理槽と、前記処理槽内の処理液を吸引して前記処理槽に戻す処理液循環系とを有する表面処理装置において、
前記処理液循環系が、前記処理液を処理槽の表面領域に噴射する第1の処理液循環系と、前記処理液を処理槽の底面領域に噴射する第2の処理液循環系とに分割され、互いに独立して制御され、
前記第1および第2の処理液循環系は、被処理物の表面処理が行われている稼働時か、被処理物の表面処理が中断されている非稼働時かに応じて、それぞれの循環量が制御され、前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第1の処理液循環系を停止または間欠運転とすることを特徴とする表面処理装置。
In a surface treatment apparatus having a treatment tank filled with a treatment liquid and a treatment liquid circulation system that sucks the treatment liquid in the treatment tank and returns it to the treatment tank,
The treatment liquid circulation system is divided into a first treatment liquid circulation system that injects the treatment liquid onto the surface area of the treatment tank and a second treatment liquid circulation system that injects the treatment liquid onto the bottom area of the treatment tank. Are controlled independently of each other,
The first and second treatment liquid circulation systems are circulated according to whether the surface treatment of the object to be treated is in operation or when the surface treatment of the object to be treated is not in operation. the amount is controlled, during non-operation of the surface treatment apparatus, the first treatment liquid circulation system to stop or surface treatment apparatus according to claim intermittent operation and to Rukoto.
前記第1および第2の処理液循環系のそれぞれは、メイン配管と、当該メイン配管から分岐した複数のサブ配管と、当該サブ配管に設けられた噴射ノズルと、前記メイン配管および前記複数のサブ配管の少なくとも一方に設けられた流量調節弁とを有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の表面処理装置。Each of the first and second processing liquid circulation systems includes a main pipe, a plurality of sub pipes branched from the main pipe, an injection nozzle provided in the sub pipe, the main pipe and the plurality of sub pipes. The surface treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a flow control valve provided in at least one of the pipes. 前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の循環量を、当該第2の処理液循環系の稼働時の循環量と同等とすることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の表面処理装置。The surface treatment at the time of non-operation of the apparatus, the circulation amount of the second processing liquid circulation system, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that with the same second processing liquid circulation amount during the circulation of the working The surface treatment apparatus as described. 前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の少なくとも一のサブ配管系を間欠運転とすることを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の表面処理装置。The surface treatment apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein at least one sub piping system of the second treatment liquid circulation system is intermittently operated when the surface treatment apparatus is not in operation. 前記表面処理装置の非稼働時には、前記第2の処理液循環系の少なくとも一のサブ配管系の循環量を間欠的に減少させることを特徴とする請求項2〜4の何れかに記載の表面処理装置。Wherein at the time of non-operation of the surface treatment apparatus, the surface of any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that intermittently decreases the circulation amount of at least one sub-piping system of the second processing liquid circulation system Processing equipment.
JP19024799A 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Surface treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3832546B2 (en)

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