JP3814877B2 - Thermal storage air conditioner - Google Patents

Thermal storage air conditioner Download PDF

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JP3814877B2
JP3814877B2 JP17924096A JP17924096A JP3814877B2 JP 3814877 B2 JP3814877 B2 JP 3814877B2 JP 17924096 A JP17924096 A JP 17924096A JP 17924096 A JP17924096 A JP 17924096A JP 3814877 B2 JP3814877 B2 JP 3814877B2
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heat
heat exchanger
heat storage
valve
storage
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JPH1026377A (en
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大祐 嶋本
守也 宮本
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out a cold heat storage, a heat storage and an air conditioning operation using the heat storage without replacing a heat storage tank even when one of cold heat storage heat exchangers cannot be used in operation. SOLUTION: A heat storage type air conditioner at least comprises a heat storage tank 9 which stores a heat storage medium 21, a first cold heat storage heat exchanger 10a disposed in the heat storage medium 21, a second cold heat storage medium heat exchanger 10b disposed in the heat storage heat exchanger 10b and connected with the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a in parallel, a second valve 26a mounted on one outlet of the first cold heat storage heat exchanger 10a, a fourth valve 27a mounted on the other outlet of the first cold heat storage heat exchanger 10a, a third valve 26b mounted on one outlet of the second cold heat storage heat exchanger 10b, a fifth valve 27b mounted on the other outlet of the second cold heat storage heat exchanger 10b, and third connecting pipes 136, 137 which include a sixth valve 23.

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、昼間電力の抑制と平準化対策に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来この種の蓄熱式空気調和装置として、例えば特願平５−３０７２７号公報に開示されたものを図１７に示す。すなわち、図１７において、１は例えば５馬力の圧縮機、２は圧縮機用四方切換弁で、各々は冷媒回路１０１にて連結されている。３は冷房時は凝縮器として作用し暖房時は蒸発器として作用する室外側熱交換器であり、圧縮機用四方切換弁２と冷媒回路１０２にて連結されている。
【０００３】
６は室外側熱交換器３と冷媒回路１０３で連結されている第１の絞り装置、７、８は各々バルブであり、冷媒回路１０８から分岐して構成された冷媒回路１０９、１１０を介して第１の絞り装置６と各々連結されている。９は蓄熱槽であり、内部に多数本の伝熱管を縦に並べ、これを連結して形成した蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０により、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体２１（例えば水）を、冷房時は凍結、暖房時は貯湯できるようにしている。
【０００４】
バルブ８は蓄熱槽９の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０と冷媒回路１１１で連結されている。１２はガス状冷媒を搬送する冷媒ポンプであり、ポンプ容量は所定の運転条件にて圧縮機１の運転による冷媒循環量と同量の循環量が得られるものが選ばれている。１１は冷媒ポンプ１２と冷媒回路１１４で連結された冷媒ポンプ用四方切換弁である。１３は冷媒ポンプ用アキュムレータ、１４はバルブであり蓄熱槽９からの冷媒回路１１２を分岐して冷媒回路１１３と１１８を構成し、各々を冷媒ポンプ用四方切換弁１１とバルブ１４に連結している。
【０００５】
冷媒ポンプ用四方切換弁１１と冷媒ポンプ用アキュムレータ１３は、冷媒回路１１６で連結されており、冷媒ポンプ用アキュムレータ１３は、冷媒回路１１５で冷媒ポンプ１２に連結されている。１１７は冷媒ポンプ用四方切換弁１１と冷媒回路１２０に接続された冷媒回路、１１９はバルブ１４と冷媒回路１２５に連結された冷媒回路、２０は冷媒回路１２０と１２５を接続するバルブであり、冷媒回路１２５の他端は前述の圧縮機用四方切換弁２に接続されている。
【０００６】
１２１は前述のバルブ７に連結された冷媒回路で、この回路と冷媒回路１２０間に複数の室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃを有し、各々の回路系は、冷媒回路１２２、第２の絞り装置１５、冷媒回路１２３、室内側熱交換器１６、冷媒回路１２４を順次連結して成る。
【０００７】
圧縮機用四方切換弁２と圧縮機用アキュムレータ１７の間、圧縮機用アキュムレータ１７と圧縮機１の間は、それぞれ冷媒回路１２６、１２７にて連結されている。
【０００８】
次に作用について、図１８から図３３を用いて説明する。
図１８に、例えば夜間の蓄冷運転、即ち製氷運転を示す。図において、バルブ７、２０を閉じ、バルブ８、１４を開き、圧縮機１を運転する。このとき、圧縮機１より吐出された冷媒は室外側熱交換器３で凝縮し第１の絞り装置６で断熱膨張し蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０で蒸発し、蓄熱媒体２１（例えば水）から熱をうばい、蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０の表面を凍結させるとともに気化冷媒がアキュムレータ１７を経由して圧縮機１に戻る。
【０００９】
この蓄冷運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図１９に示す。図中数字にて表わす運転点は、図中の同一数字で表わす冷媒回路内の冷媒の状態を示しており、凝縮温度は約４０℃、蒸発温度は−３℃程度である。本システムはかかる運転にて、例えば槽内の残水がないことを前提に、２２：００より製氷を開始、翌朝８：００に製氷を終了する。
【００１０】
以下昼間の冷房運転について述べる。図２０は蓄冷熱は利用せずに圧縮機１のみで冷房運転した場合の、冷房運転を示す。
図において、バルブ７、２０を開き、バルブ８、１４を閉じて圧縮機１を運転する。図１８と同様の作用にて凝縮液化した高圧冷媒は、各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送られ、各々の第２の絞り装置１５で冷媒流量調節しながら減圧し、約６kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の圧力で室内側熱交換器１６内に流入し蒸発する。このとき周囲の室内空気より吸熱し、ガス化した冷媒は、圧縮機用アキュムレータ１７を経由し、圧縮機１に戻る。このときの圧縮機１の運転容量は、室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００１１】
この一般冷房運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図２１に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りで、凝縮温度は約４５℃、蒸発温度は約１０℃である。本システムはかかる運転にて、例えば蓄冷熱消費後の冷房を行う。
【００１２】
図２２に、蓄冷熱利用のみによる冷房、即ち放冷運転を示す。
図において、第１の絞り装置６、バルブ１４、２０を閉じ、バルブ７、８を開いて、冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２により送出されたガス冷媒は蓄熱槽９内の氷で冷却され２０〜２５℃で凝縮し、液化した約９kg／cm2 Ｇの冷媒が各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送られ、図２０と同様にして冷房する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２の冷媒循環量は、図２０のときの圧縮機１による冷媒循環量と同等のため、室内側熱交換器１６には同温同圧の冷媒が同量流れることとなり、動力としては差圧が約３kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の小容量にも拘らず、冷房能力としては圧縮機１の単独運転による図２０の一般冷房運転と同等となる。このときの冷媒ポンプ１２の運転容量は、室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００１３】
この放冷運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図２３に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りで、凝縮温度は２３℃程度、蒸発温度は約１０℃である。本システムはかかる運転にて、例えば軽負荷時の冷房を行なう。
【００１４】
図２４に図２０の一般冷房運転と図２２の放冷運転とを同時に作用させた蓄冷熱併用冷房運転を示す。
図において、バルブ１４を閉じ、バルブ７、８、２０を開いて、圧縮機１および冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２側の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０で凝縮した液冷媒は、圧縮機１側の第１の絞り装置６で減圧された冷媒とバルブ７の手前で合流し、室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃへは、図２０の一般冷房運転時あるいは図２２の放冷運転時の約２倍の量の冷媒が循環して、能力も２倍となる。このときの第１の絞り装置６の開度は一定であり、上記合流部の圧力は８〜１０kg／cm2 Ｇ程度となる。このときの運転容量は、冷媒ポンプ１２は１００％出力とし圧縮機１を容量制御して決定するが、その容量制御の割合は室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００１５】
この蓄冷熱併用冷房運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図２５に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りである。蒸発温度は他の冷房運転と同様約１０℃であるが、凝縮温度は、室外側熱交換器３では約４５℃、蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０では２０〜２５℃程度である。本システムはかかる運転にて、通常の冷房負荷時の冷房を行なう。
【００１６】
以上は冷房に関する作用について説明したが、以下は暖房に関する作用説明であり、従って特に断らない限り圧縮機用四方切換弁２、および冷媒ポンプ用四方切換弁１１は暖房モードに設定されている。
図２６に、例えば夜間の蓄熱運転、即ち貯湯運転を示す。図において、バルブ７、２０を閉じ、バルブ８、１４を開き圧縮機１を運転する。このとき圧縮機１より吐出された高温ガス冷媒は図中の矢印の方向に流れ、蓄熱槽９の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０で凝縮し、水２１を昇温する。凝縮冷媒は第１の絞り装置６で断熱膨張し、室外側熱交換器３で外気より吸熱して蒸発し、気化冷媒がアキュムレータ１７を経由して圧縮機１に戻る。
【００１７】
この蓄熱運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図２７に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りで、槽水温の沸き上り温度は約５０℃、このときの凝縮温度は約５５℃、蒸発温度は約０℃である。本システムはかかる運転にて、夜間電力時間帯内に貯湯し、所定の槽水温に到達次第運転を終了する。
【００１８】
以下昼間の暖房運転について述べる。図２８は蓄熱は利用せずに圧縮機１のみで暖房運転した場合の、一般暖房運転を示す。図において、バルブ７、２０を開き、バルブ８、１４を閉じて、圧縮機１を運転する。圧縮機１より１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の圧力で吐出された高温高圧ガスは各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送られ、各々の室内側熱交換器１６で凝縮し、室内空気を加熱する。凝縮した液冷媒は第２の絞り装置１５で若干の減圧をし、更に第１の絞り装置６で減圧して約４kg／cm2 Ｇの圧力で室外側熱交換器３内で蒸発し、以降図２６と同作用にて圧縮機１に戻る。このときの圧縮機１の運転容量は、室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００１９】
この一般暖房運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図２９に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りで、凝縮温度は４２〜４３℃程度、蒸発温度は約０℃である。本システムはかかる運転にて、蓄熱消費後の日中の軽負荷時の暖房を行う。
【００２０】
図３０に蓄熱利用のみによる暖房、即ち放熱運転を示す。図において第１の絞り装置６およびバルブ１４、２０を閉じ、バルブ７、８を開いて冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２は槽内で蒸発圧力約１３kg／cm2 Ｇで加熱気化されたガス冷媒を冷媒ポンプ用アキュムレータ１３を経由して吸引する。従って、約４kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の昇圧で１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の高温・高圧のガス冷媒を各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送り、以降図２６と同様の作用により室内空気の加熱を行なう。凝縮した冷媒は第２の絞り装置１５にて減圧し、約１３kg／cm2 Ｇの気液二相冷媒となって蓄熱槽９に戻る。このときの冷媒ポンプ１２の運転容量は、室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００２１】
この放熱運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図３１に示す。図中の数字は図１９に述べた通りで、凝縮温度は４２〜４３℃程度、蒸発温度は３５℃前後である。本システムはかかる運転にて、例えば軽負荷時の暖房を行なう。
【００２２】
図３２に、図２８の一般暖房運転と図３０の放熱運転とを同時に作用させた蓄熱併用暖房運転を示す。図において、バルブ１４を閉じ、バルブ７、８、２０を開き圧縮機１と冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２より送出したガス冷媒は圧縮機１より吐出されたガス冷媒とバルブ２０出側で合流し、室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃへは、図２８の一般暖房運転時あるいは図３０の放熱運転時の約２倍の量の、圧力１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の高温・高圧冷媒が循環して、能力も約２倍となる。第２の絞り装置１５で減圧した約１３kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の冷媒は、約１／２が蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０に流入して図３０の放熱運転と同様の作用を成すとともに、他の１／２の冷媒は第１の絞り装置６にて更に減圧され、約４kg／cm2 Ｇの圧力となって室外側熱交換器３に流入して図２８の一般暖房運転と同様の作用をなす。このときの運転容量は、冷媒ポンプ１２は１００％出力とし圧縮機１を容量制御して決定するが、その容量制御の割合は室内機の運転容量の総和により決定している。
【００２３】
この蓄熱併用暖房運転時の運転状態を表したモリエル線図を図３３に示す。図中の数字は図１９にて述べた通りである。凝縮温度は他の暖房運転と同様４２〜４３℃程度であるが、蒸発温度は、蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０では３５℃前後、室外側熱交換器３では０℃前後である。本システムはかかる運転にて、暖房負荷の集中する例えば朝の立上り時の暖房を行なう。
【００２４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のような各々の運転を行う従来の蓄熱式空気調和装置では、蓄冷熱用熱交換器または蓄熱槽が一台使用できない状況になった場合には、蓄熱槽を取り替えなければ蓄冷、蓄熱および蓄熱利用空調運転を行うことができなかった。
【００２５】
また、放熱暖房時において、夜間の蓄熱を行った直後には高効率の蓄熱利用暖房ができるが、一度蓄熱の利用を行った後は蓄熱槽内の蓄熱媒体の温度が低下するため、次に蓄熱運転をするまでに再度蓄熱を利用した空調を行う場合には、低下した水温による比較的効率の悪い蓄熱利用暖房しかできなかった。
【００２６】
また、放冷時に使用する単位時間毎の蓄冷利用量はいつも同じ量であり、消費電力のピーク時に消費電力夜間移行率を更に増加させるために、放冷時に使用する単位時間毎の蓄冷利用量すなわち蓄冷熱用熱交換器の伝熱面積を増加させることができなかった。
【００２７】
また、蓄熱運転の低外気運転時には、使用していない室内機側のユニットおよび配管に冷媒が多く分布している。そのため、使用している冷媒回路中の冷媒量が不足し、不十分な運転状態となっていた。
【００２８】
また、蓄熱槽を一体のユニットで構成すると設置スペースが一個所に集中するため、設置のためのスペースが狭く分散されているような場合には、蓄熱槽の設置スペースの確保ができなくなり、蓄熱槽設置に大きな制約を受けていた。
【００２９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述した種々の問題点を解決するために、この発明による蓄熱式空気調和装置は、圧縮機、四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置から第２の絞り装置の間と室内側熱交換器から圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し圧縮機，室外側熱交換器，および第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，第３の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、蓄熱媒体中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して第１の接続配管に接続するとともに、第１の接続配管の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の他方の出側に設けられた第４のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の他方の出側に設けられた第５のバルブと、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管とを具備する構成にされている。
【００３０】
また、圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置から第２の絞り装置の間と室内側熱交換器から圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し圧縮機，室外側熱交換器，および第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，第３の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、蓄熱媒体中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して第１の接続配管に接続し、蓄熱槽を複数の蓄熱室に区画して構成し、各蓄熱室に第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置するとともに、第１の接続配管の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、放冷・放熱用回路を用いる蓄熱利用暖房運転を行う際に、第２のバルブと第３のバルブの開閉を相互に切り換えて第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器のいずれかにより蓄熱媒体の蓄熱を使用する蓄熱使用熱交換器管理手段とを具備してなるものである。
【００３１】
そして、圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置から第２の絞り装置の間と室内側熱交換器から圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し圧縮機，室外側熱交換器，および第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，第３の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、蓄熱媒体中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して第１の接続配管に接続し、蓄熱槽を複数の蓄熱室に区画して構成し、各蓄熱室に第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置するとともに、第１の接続配管の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、放冷・放熱用回路を用いる冷熱利用冷房運転を行う際に、第２のバルブと第３のバルブの開閉を切り換えて第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器のいずれかまたは双方により蓄熱媒体の冷熱を使用する冷熱使用熱交換器管理手段とを具備してなるものである。
【００３２】
更に、圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置から第２の絞り装置の間と室内側熱交換器から圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し圧縮機，室外側熱交換器，および第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，第３の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、蓄熱媒体中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して第１の接続配管に接続するとともに、第１の接続配管の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、第１の接続配管の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を用いる蓄熱運転を行うに先立ち、蓄冷運転を所定時間行って第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器内から冷媒を排出させる冷凍サイクル内冷媒量調整手段とを具備してなるものである。
【００３３】
また、圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置から第２の絞り装置の間と室内側熱交換器から圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し圧縮機，室外側熱交換器，および第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁から圧縮機の吸込側の間と第１の接続配管の第１のバルブから第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，第３の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、蓄熱媒体中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して第１の接続配管に接続し、蓄熱槽を複数の分割蓄熱槽として別個独立に構成するとともに、各分割蓄熱槽に第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置したものである。
【００３４】
【発明の実施の形態】
引続き、この発明の実施の形態につき図面に基づいて説明する。
実施の形態１．
以下、本発明の実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置を図面に基づき説明する。
図１は蓄熱式空気調和装置のシステムを示すものである。同図において、従来例における図１７と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
この蓄熱式空気調和装置では、図１に示すように、圧縮機１、四方切換弁２８、室外側熱交換器３、第１の絞り装置６、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ，および室内側熱交換器１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃが、冷媒配管１０４ａ、１０４ｂ、１０３、１０８、１２１、１２２ａ、１２２ｂ、１２２ｃ、１２３ａ、１２３ｂ、１２３ｃ、１２４ａ、１２４ｂ、１２４ｃ、１２０、１２８ａ、１２８ｂ、１３９、１２９を介し順次接続されて一般冷暖房用回路を構成している。
また、一般冷暖房用回路の第１の絞り装置６から第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃの間の冷媒配管１０８、１２１と室内側熱交換器１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃから圧縮機１の間の冷媒配管１２０、１２８ａとを、第３の絞り装置２２、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、および第１のバルブ１４を介して接続する第１の接続配管１０５、１１２、１１８、１１９が設けられている。この第１の接続配管１０５、１１２、１１８、１１９は圧縮機１、室外側熱交換器３、および第１の絞り装置６とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成している。
また、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁２８から圧縮機１の吸込側の間の冷媒配管１２９、１３９と第１のバルブ１４から第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの間の第１の接続配管１１２、１１８とを冷媒ポンプ１２および第７のバルブ２４を介して接続する第２の接続配管１３０、１３３、１３２、１３１が設けられている。この第２の接続配管１３０、１３３、１３２、１３１は第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、第３の絞り装置２２、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ、および室内側熱交換器１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃとともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成している。
【００３５】
そして、蓄熱媒体２１中に配置されて放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂが、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａと並列して第１の接続配管１０５、１１２に接続されている。
更には、第１の接続配管１１２の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブ２６ａと、第１の接続配管１１２の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブ２６ｂと、第１の接続配管１０５の第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの他方の出側に設けられた第４のバルブ２７ａと、第１の接続配管１０５の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの他方の出側に設けられた第５のバルブ２７ｂと、一般冷暖房用回路の四方切換弁２８から圧縮機１吸込側の間の冷媒配管１２８ｂ、１３９と第１のバルブ１４から第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂの間の第１の接続配管１１２とを第６のバルブ２３を介して接続する第３の接続配管１３６、１３７とを備えてなっている。
【００３６】
従って、この蓄熱式空気調和装置においては、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａが壊れた場合でも、第２のバルブ２６ａおよび第４のバルブ２７ａを閉じることにより、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂが使用可能で、蓄熱槽９を使用する運転が可能となる。逆に、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂが壊れたときは、第３のバルブ２６ｂおよび第５のバルブ２７ｂを閉じることにより、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａが使用可能で、蓄熱槽９を使用する運転が可能となる。
【００３７】
実施の形態２．
以下、本発明の実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置を図面に基づき説明する。
図２は蓄熱式空気調和装置のシステムを示すものである。同図において、実施の形態１における図１と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図１と異なるのは以下の点である。
すなわち、蓄熱槽９が２つの蓄熱室９ａ、９ｂに区画して構成されており、各蓄熱室９ａ、９ｂに第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａまたは第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂがそれぞれ配置されていることと、放冷・放熱用回路を用いる蓄熱利用暖房運転を行う際に、予め設定された暖房運転スケジュールに基づいて第２のバルブ２６ａと第３のバルブ２６ｂの開閉を相互に切り換えて第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂのいずれかにより蓄熱媒体２１の蓄熱を使用する蓄熱使用熱交換器管理手段２０１を備えていることである。
【００３８】
次いで、本実施の形態の動作、基本的な冷媒の流れ、運転状態を説明する。
本実施の形態の蓄熱室９ａを使用した時の放熱暖房運転の回路図は図２である。
図２において、第３の絞り装置２２、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ、第６のバルブ２３、および第２のバルブ２６ａは開き、その他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉じている状態で、圧縮機１および冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき圧縮機１は１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の高温・高圧のガス冷媒を各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送り、室内空気の加熱を行なう。凝縮した冷媒は第２の絞り装置１５にて減圧し、約１３kg／cm2 Ｇの気液二相冷媒となって蓄熱室９ａにもどり蒸発して、第６のバルブ２３を経て、約４kg／cm2 Ｇで圧縮機１に戻る。
【００３９】
一方、本実施の形態の蓄熱室９ｂを使用した時の放熱暖房運転の回路図を図３に示す。
図３において、第３の絞り装置２２、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ、第６のバルブ２３、および第３のバルブ２６ｂは開き、その他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉じている状態で、圧縮機１および冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき圧縮機１は１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の高温・高圧のガス冷媒を各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送り、室内空気の加熱を行なう。凝縮した冷媒は第２の絞り装置１５にて減圧し、約１３kg／cm2 Ｇの気液二相冷媒となって蓄熱室９ｂにもどり蒸発して、第６のバルブ２３を経て、約４kg／cm2 Ｇで圧縮機１に戻る。
【００４０】
次いで、本実施の形態の一般暖房運転の回路図を図４に示す。
図４において、第１の絞り装置６および第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃは開き、その他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉っている状態で、圧縮機１を運転する。圧縮機１より１７kg／cm2 Ｇ前後の圧力で吐出された高温高圧ガスは各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送られ、各々の室内側熱交換器１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃで凝縮し、室内空気を加熱する。凝縮した液冷媒は第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃで若干の減圧をし、更に第１の絞り装置６で減圧して約４kg／cm2 Ｇの圧力で室外側熱交換器３内で蒸発し圧縮機１に戻る。
【００４１】
次に、本実施の形態の暖房シーズンの暖房時間帯運転切り替え状態図を図５に示す。図中の横軸は時刻、縦軸は暖房運転中の暖房能力である。また、この運転状態の制御を、制御ブロック図の図６に示す。
蓄熱使用熱交換器管理手段２０１によれば、まず、８：００から暖房時間の時間帯に入り蓄熱室９ａを冷凍サイクルに含んだ放熱運転（第２のバルブ２６ａを開いた状態）を行う（Ｓ１、Ｓ２）。この時点で、蓄熱室９ｂの第３のバルブ２６ｂは閉じている。また、８：００の時点では蓄熱室９ａおよび蓄熱室９ｂの蓄熱媒体２１である水の温度は４０℃である。この運転を８：００から１２：００まで行う（Ｓ３）。夜間蓄熱量を消費するとされる１２：００から１６：００の間は第２のバルブ２６ａ、第３のバルブ２６ｂは閉じて一般暖房運転に切り替える動作を同時に行う（Ｓ４、Ｓ５）。１６：００になった時点で（Ｓ６）、第３のバルブ２６ｂを開き、放熱運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（Ｓ７）。蓄熱室９ｂを冷凍サイクルに含む放熱運転を開始し（Ｓ８）、２０：００まで放熱運転を行う。この時点で蓄熱室９ｂの水温は４０℃近くを保っており、放熱運転を効率良く運転できる水温となっている。そして、２０：００になった時点で（Ｓ９）、第３のバルブ２６ｂを閉じ一般暖房運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（Ｓ１０）。２０：００の時点から２２：００までの時間帯は一般暖房運転とし、第２のバルブ２６ａ、第３のバルブ２６ｂは閉じている。２２：００では暖房運転時間帯を終了し（Ｓ１１）、２２：００から翌日の８：００までは蓄熱時間帯になる。
【００４２】
実施の形態３．
以下、本発明の実施の形態３に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置を図面に基づき説明する。
図７は蓄熱式空気調和装置のシステムを示すものである。同図において、実施の形態２における図２と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図２と異なるのは以下の点である。
すなわち、放冷・放熱用回路を用いる冷熱利用冷房運転を行う際に、予め設定された冷房運転スケジュールに基づいて第２のバルブ２６ａと第３のバルブ２６ｂの開閉を切り換えて第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂのいずれかまたは双方により蓄熱媒体２１の冷熱を使用する冷熱使用熱交換器管理手段２０２を備えていることである。
【００４３】
次いで、本実施の形態の動作、基本的な冷媒の流れ、運転状態について説明する。
まず、蓄熱室９ａを使用した時の蓄冷熱併用冷房運転（放冷運転の中の１つの運転）の回路図は図７である。
図７において、第１の絞り装置６、第３の絞り装置２２、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ、第７のバルブ２４、および第２のバルブ２６ａを開き、他のバルブを閉じている状態で圧縮機１および冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２側の蓄熱室９ａで凝縮した液冷媒は、圧縮機１側の第１の絞り装置６で減圧された冷媒と合流し、室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃへは、一般冷房運転時の約２倍の量の冷媒が循環して、能力も２倍となる。そして冷媒は圧縮機１へ戻る。
【００４４】
一方、蓄熱室９ｂを使用した時の蓄冷熱併用冷房運転（放冷運転の中の１つの運転）の回路図を図８に示す。
図８において、第１の絞り装置６、第３の絞り装置２２、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ、第７のバルブ２４、および第３のバルブ２６ｂを開き、他のバルブを閉じている状態で圧縮機１および冷媒ポンプ１２を運転する。このとき冷媒ポンプ１２側の蓄熱室９ｂで凝縮した液冷媒は、圧縮機１側の第１の絞り装置６で減圧された冷媒と合流し、室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃへは、一般冷房運転時の約２倍の量の冷媒が循環して、能力も２倍となる。そして冷媒は圧縮機１へ戻る。
【００４５】
次いで、一般冷房運転の回路図を図９に示す。
第１の絞り装置６および第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃは開き、その他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉じている。圧縮機１より吐出された冷媒は室外側熱交換器３にて凝縮液化した高圧冷媒は、各室内ユニット用冷媒回路系ａ，ｂ，ｃに送られ、第２の絞り装置１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃの各々で冷媒流量調節しながら減圧し、約６kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の圧力で室内側熱交換器１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃ内に流入し蒸発する。このとき周囲の室内空気より吸熱し、ガス化した冷媒は圧縮機１に戻る。
【００４６】
次に本実施の形態の冷房シーズンの冷房時間帯運転切り換え状態図を図１０に示す。図中の横軸は時刻、縦軸は冷房運転中の冷房能力である。また、この運転状態の制御を、制御ブロック図の図１１に示す。
冷熱使用熱交換器管理手段２０２によれば、まず、８：００から冷房運転時間に入り、第２のバルブ２６ａおよび第３のバルブ２６ｂを閉じて一般冷房運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（Ｓ２１、Ｓ２２）。１０：００になった時点で（Ｓ２３）、蓄熱室９ａを一台運転するため、第２のバルブ２６ａを開き、蓄冷熱併用冷房運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（蓄熱室９ａを優先して使用、Ｓ２４）。１０：００から１４：００になるまで蓄熱室９ａを１台のみ使用した蓄冷熱併用冷房運転を行い（Ｓ２５）、１４：００の時点で（Ｓ２６）、蓄熱室９ｂの第３のバルブ２６ｂを開くことにより（Ｓ２７）、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａおよび第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの２台で蓄冷熱併用冷房運転を開始する（Ｓ２８）。この蓄熱室２台運転を電力消費量の多い１４：００から１６：００まで使用し、夏の電力ピーク時の夜間電力移行率を高くする。１６：００になった時点で（Ｓ２９）、第２のバルブ２６ａを閉じて蓄熱室９ｂのみの蓄熱室１台運転を開始し（Ｓ３０、Ｓ３１）、１６：００から１８：００までこの運転を行う。１８：００の時点で（Ｓ３２）、第３のバルブ２６ｂを閉じて一般冷房運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（Ｓ３３、Ｓ３４）。１８：００から２２：００まで一般冷房運転を行った後、２２：００で冷房時間帯を終了して（Ｓ３５、Ｓ３６）、蓄冷運転に移行する。尚、本実施の形態は蓄冷利用冷房だけでなく蓄熱利用暖房でも同様の効果を示す。
【００４７】
実施の形態４．
以下、本発明の実施の形態４に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置を図面に基づき説明する。
図１２は蓄熱式空気調和装置のシステムを示すものである。同図において、実施の形態１における図１と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図１と異なるのは以下の点である。
すなわち、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａおよび第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの第３の絞り装置２２との接続側に、第４のバルブ２７ａおよび第５のバルブ２７ｂを設けてあること、また予め設定された暖房運転スケジュールに基づいて蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を用いる蓄熱運転を行うに先立ち、蓄冷運転を所定時間行って第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂ内から冷媒を排出させる冷凍サイクル内冷媒量調整手段２０３を備えていることである。
【００４８】
次いで、本実施の形態の動作、基本的な冷媒の流れ、運転状態を説明する。本実施の形態の蓄熱運転については、図１２に回路図を示している。
図１２において、第１の絞り装置６、第３の絞り装置２２、第１のバルブ１４、第２のバルブ２６ａ、第３のバルブ２６ｂ、および第４のバルブ２７ａは開き、他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉じている状態で圧縮機１を運転する。このとき圧縮機１により送出されたガス冷媒は蓄熱槽９内で冷却され４０℃程度で凝縮し、第３の絞り装置２２および第１の絞り装置６で絞られた冷媒が室外ユニット用冷媒回路に送られ、約６kg／cm2 Ｇ程度の圧力で室外側熱交換器３内に流入し蒸発する。このとき周囲の室外空気より吸熱し、ガス化した冷媒が圧縮機１に戻る。
【００４９】
次いで、本実施の形態の蓄冷運転の回路図を図１３に示す。
図１３において、第１の絞り装置６、第３の絞り装置２２、第２のバルブ２６ａ、および第４のバルブ２７ａを開き、第１のバルブ１４および第７のバルブ２４はどちらか一方が閉じ、その他の絞り装置およびバルブは閉じている。このとき、圧縮機１より吐出された冷媒は室外側熱交換器３で凝縮し第１の絞り装置６および第３の絞り装置２２で断熱膨張し第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａで蒸発し、蓄熱媒体２１（例えば水）より熱をうばい、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの表面を凍結させるとともに気化冷媒が圧縮機１に戻る。
【００５０】
上記蓄熱運転では、第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂを凝縮器として使用するために多量の冷媒が蓄冷熱用熱交換器内に分布する。よって、蓄熱運転冷凍サイクル中の冷媒量は一般冷房運転や一般暖房運転、第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａ、１０ｂを蒸発器として使用する放熱運転や蓄冷運転に比べて多量に必要となる。そこで、冷凍サイクル中の冷媒量をうまく配分する制御が必要となる。
【００５１】
次に、本実施の形態の蓄熱運転時の冷凍サイクル内冷媒量制御について制御ブロック図の図１４を用いて説明する。
冷凍サイクル内冷媒量調整手段２０３によれば、まず、蓄熱運転を開始する時、準備運転として四方切換弁２８の流路を蓄冷側に切り換え、第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの第２のバルブ２６ａ、第４のバルブ２７ａを閉じ、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの第３のバルブ２６ｂ、第５のバルブ２７ｂを開けて、蓄冷運転を行う動作を同時に行う（Ｓ４１）。蓄冷運転を５分間行うことにより（Ｓ４２）、蒸発器として使用した第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂ内の冷媒量は少なくなる。この５分間の蓄冷運転終了後に四方切換弁２８の流路を蓄熱側に切り換え、更に第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａの第２のバルブ２６ａおよび第４のバルブ２７ａを開け、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂの第３のバルブ２６ｂおよび第５のバルブ２７ｂを閉じ、蓄熱運転を開始する動作を同時に行う（Ｓ４３、Ｓ４４）。この時点で、蓄熱運転の冷凍サイクル内の冷媒量は多量に存在する。そして、蓄熱槽９の水温が４０℃を超えた時点で（Ｓ４５）、蓄熱運転を終了する（Ｓ４６）。
【００５２】
実施の形態５．
以下、本発明の実施の形態５に係る蓄熱式空気調和装置を図面に基づき説明する。
図１５は本実施の形態の蓄熱式空気調和装置の冷媒回路図を示すものである。同図において、実施の形態１における図１と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。図１と異なるのは以下の点である。
すなわち、蓄熱槽が複数の分割蓄熱槽９Ａ、９Ｂとして別個独立に構成されており、各分割蓄熱槽９Ａ、９Ｂに第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ａまたは第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器１０ｂがそれぞれ配置されたことである。
【００５３】
因みに、図１６のようなスペースに蓄熱槽を設置する場合、蓄熱槽のサイズ（幅×奥行×高さ）が２ｍ×１ｍ×２ｍのものでは、入りきらない。ところが、蓄熱槽を容積が１／２であるサイズ１ｍ×１ｍ×２ｍの蓄熱槽２台分に分割すると、分割蓄熱槽９Ａ、９Ｂを別々の場所へ収納できる。
このようにすると、蓄熱槽の設置の方法に選択の幅ができる。また、一つの分割蓄熱槽が水漏れ等で使用不可となった場合でも、他の分割蓄熱槽を使用することが可能である。
【００５４】
尚、上記した各実施の形態では、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器は１台を設けた例を示したが、これに限らず、第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を複数台並設したものでもよい。
【００５５】
【発明の効果】
この発明の蓄熱式空気調和装置によれば、蓄冷熱用熱交換器等の一部が故障により使用できない状況になった場合でも、蓄冷熱用熱交換器や蓄熱槽を取り替えたりしなくてもよく、蓄冷・蓄熱運転または放冷・放熱による蓄熱利用の空調運転を継続して行うことができる。
【００５６】
また、放熱暖房運転に関し、夜間の蓄熱が完了した直後に限らず、蓄熱を一度利用するに伴って蓄熱槽内の蓄熱媒体の温度が低下した場合であっても、効率の良い蓄熱利用の暖房運転を行うことができる。
【００５７】
そして、放冷冷房運転に関し、消費電力夜間移行率を更に増加させるために、消費電力のピーク時の放冷冷房運転に使用する単位時間あたりの蓄冷利用量、すなわち蓄冷熱用熱交換器の伝熱面積に比例する放冷量を増加させることができる。
【００５８】
更に、蓄熱運転に関し、外気温度が低い場合は使用していない室内ユニットや配管内に冷媒が多量に分布しやすいことから、使用すべき冷媒回路中の冷媒量が不足しがちであるが、蓄熱運転の前の予備運転として少しだけ蓄冷運転を行うようにしたので、使用しない方の蓄冷熱用熱交換器内の冷媒を冷媒回路に移動させたのちに蓄熱運転を開始できる。これにより、不十分な冷媒量による蓄熱運転状態に陥ることを回避できる。
【００５９】
また、必要とされる蓄熱槽と総容量が同等となる複数の分割蓄熱槽を用いたので、蓄熱槽設置のためのスペースが分散されていて個々の分散スペースが狭い場合でも、かかる狭いスペースに蓄熱槽を設置することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 この発明の実施の形態１による冷媒回路図である。
【図２】 実施の形態２による蓄熱室９ａを使用した時の放熱暖房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図３】 実施の形態２による蓄熱室９ｂを使用した時の放熱暖房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図４】 実施の形態２による一般暖房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図５】 実施の形態２による暖房時間帯運転切り換え状態図である。
【図６】 実施の形態２による暖房時間帯運転切り換えの制御ブロック図である。
【図７】 実施の形態３による蓄熱室９ａを使用した時の蓄冷熱併用冷房運転の冷媒回路図である。
【図８】 実施の形態３による蓄熱室９ｂを使用した時の蓄冷熱併用冷房運転の冷媒回路図である。
【図９】 実施の形態３による一般冷房運転の冷媒回路図である。
【図１０】 実施の形態３による冷房時間帯運転切り替え状態図である。
【図１１】 実施の形態３による冷房時間帯運転切り替えの制御ブロック図である。
【図１２】 実施の形態４による蓄熱運転の冷媒回路図である。
【図１３】 実施の形態４による蓄冷運転の冷媒回路図である。
【図１４】 実施の形態４による蓄熱運転の制御ブロック図である。
【図１５】 実施の形態５による冷媒回路図である。
【図１６】 実施の形態５による蓄熱槽ユニットの設置図である。
【図１７】 従来例の冷媒回路図である。
【図１８】 従来例の蓄冷運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図１９】 図１８の冷媒回路における運転回路図である。
【図２０】 従来例の一般冷房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図２１】 図２０の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図２２】 従来例の放冷運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図２３】 図２２の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図２４】 従来例の蓄冷熱併用冷房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図２５】 図２４の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図２６】 従来例の蓄熱運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図２７】 図２６の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図２８】 従来例の一般暖房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図２９】 図２８の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図３０】 従来例の放熱運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図３１】 図３０の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【図３２】 従来例の蓄熱併用暖房運転時の冷媒回路図である。
【図３３】 図３２の冷媒回路における運転状態図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 圧縮機
３ 室外側熱交換器
６ 第１の絞り装置
９ 蓄熱槽
９ａ、９ｂ 蓄熱室
９Ａ、９Ｂ 分割蓄熱槽
１０ａ 第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器
１０ｂ 第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器
１２ 冷媒ポンプ
１４ 第１のバルブ
１５ａ、１５ｂ、１５ｃ 第２の絞り装置
１６ａ、１６ｂ、１６ｃ 室内側熱交換器
２１ 蓄熱媒体
２２ 第３の絞り装置
２３ 第６のバルブ
２４ 第７のバルブ
２６ａ 第２のバルブ
２６ｂ 第３のバルブ
２７ａ 第４のバルブ
２７ｂ 第５のバルブ
２８ 四方切換弁
１０４ａ、１０４ｂ、１０３、１０８、１２１、１２２ａ、１２２ｂ、１２２ｃ、１２３ａ、１２３ｂ、１２３ｃ、１２４ａ、１２４ｂ、１２４ｃ、１２０、１２８ａ、１２８ｂ、１３９、１２９ 冷媒配管
１０５、１１２、１１８、１１９ 第１の接続配管
１３０、１３３、１３２、１３１ 第２の接続配管
１３６、１３７ 第３の接続配管
２０１ 蓄熱使用熱交換器管理手段
２０２ 冷熱使用熱交換器管理手段
２０３ 冷凍サイクル内冷媒量調整手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a regenerative air conditioner related to daytime power suppression and leveling measures.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 17 shows a conventional heat storage type air conditioner disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-30727, for example. That is, in FIG. 17, 1 is, for example, a 5-horsepower compressor, 2 is a compressor four-way switching valve, and each is connected by a refrigerant circuit 101. Reference numeral 3 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger that functions as a condenser during cooling and functions as an evaporator during heating, and is connected to the compressor four-way switching valve 2 by a refrigerant circuit 102.
[0003]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a first expansion device connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the refrigerant circuit 103. Reference numerals 7 and 8 denote valves, which are connected to the refrigerant circuit 109 and 110 which are branched from the refrigerant circuit 108. Each is connected to the first diaphragm device 6. Reference numeral 9 denotes a heat storage tank. A heat storage medium 21 (for example, water) stored in the tank is cooled by a heat storage heat exchanger 10 formed by connecting a plurality of heat transfer tubes vertically and connecting them. It is freezing at times and hot water can be stored during heating.
[0004]
The valve 8 is connected to the cold storage heat exchanger 10 of the heat storage tank 9 by a refrigerant circuit 111. Reference numeral 12 denotes a refrigerant pump that conveys a gaseous refrigerant, and the pump capacity is selected so that a circulation amount equal to the refrigerant circulation amount by the operation of the compressor 1 can be obtained under predetermined operating conditions. A refrigerant pump four-way switching valve 11 is connected to the refrigerant pump 12 by a refrigerant circuit 114. 13 is a refrigerant pump accumulator, and 14 is a valve that branches from the refrigerant circuit 112 from the heat storage tank 9 to form refrigerant circuits 113 and 118, which are connected to the refrigerant pump four-way switching valve 11 and the valve 14, respectively. .
[0005]
The refrigerant pump four-way switching valve 11 and the refrigerant pump accumulator 13 are connected by a refrigerant circuit 116, and the refrigerant pump accumulator 13 is connected to the refrigerant pump 12 by a refrigerant circuit 115. 117 is a refrigerant circuit connected to the refrigerant pump four-way switching valve 11 and the refrigerant circuit 120, 119 is a refrigerant circuit connected to the valve 14 and the refrigerant circuit 125, and 20 is a valve connecting the refrigerant circuits 120 and 125. The other end of the circuit 125 is connected to the compressor four-way switching valve 2 described above.
[0006]
121 is a refrigerant circuit connected to the above-described valve 7, and has a plurality of indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, c between this circuit and the refrigerant circuit 120. The expansion device 15, the refrigerant circuit 123, the indoor heat exchanger 16, and the refrigerant circuit 124 are sequentially connected.
[0007]
Refrigerant circuits 126 and 127 are connected between the compressor four-way switching valve 2 and the compressor accumulator 17, and between the compressor accumulator 17 and the compressor 1, respectively.
[0008]
Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 18 shows a cold storage operation at night, that is, an ice making operation. In the figure, the valves 7 and 20 are closed, the valves 8 and 14 are opened, and the compressor 1 is operated. At this time, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 condenses in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, adiabatically expands in the first expansion device 6, evaporates in the cold storage heat exchanger 10, and from the heat storage medium 21 (for example, water). It absorbs heat, freezes the surface of the heat storage heat exchanger 10, and the vaporized refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 via the accumulator 17.
[0009]
FIG. 19 shows a Mollier diagram representing the operation state during the cold storage operation. The operating points represented by numerals in the figure indicate the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit represented by the same numerals in the figure, the condensation temperature is about 40 ° C., and the evaporation temperature is about −3 ° C. In this operation, for example, assuming that there is no residual water in the tank, the system starts ice making at 22:00 and ends ice making at 8:00 the next morning.
[0010]
The daytime cooling operation is described below. FIG. 20 shows the cooling operation when the cooling operation is performed only by the compressor 1 without using the cold storage heat.
In the figure, the valves 7 and 20 are opened, the valves 8 and 14 are closed, and the compressor 1 is operated. The high-pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the same action as in FIG. 18 is sent to the refrigerant circuit systems a, b, c for each indoor unit, depressurized while adjusting the refrigerant flow rate by each second expansion device 15, and about 6 kg. /cm 2 It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 16 at a pressure of about G and evaporates. At this time, the refrigerant that has absorbed heat from the surrounding indoor air and gasified returns to the compressor 1 via the compressor accumulator 17. The operating capacity of the compressor 1 at this time is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0011]
FIG. 21 shows a Mollier diagram representing the operation state during the general cooling operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. 19, and the condensation temperature is about 45 ° C. and the evaporation temperature is about 10 ° C. In this operation, the present system performs cooling after consumption of cold storage heat, for example.
[0012]
FIG. 22 shows the cooling only by using the regenerative heat, that is, the cooling operation.
In the figure, the first expansion device 6 and the valves 14 and 20 are closed, the valves 7 and 8 are opened, and the refrigerant pump 12 is operated. At this time, the gas refrigerant sent out by the refrigerant pump 12 is cooled by ice in the heat storage tank 9, condensed at 20 to 25 ° C., and liquefied about 9 kg / cm. 2 The refrigerant G is sent to each indoor unit refrigerant circuit system a, b, c, and is cooled in the same manner as in FIG. At this time, since the refrigerant circulation amount of the refrigerant pump 12 is equivalent to the refrigerant circulation amount by the compressor 1 in FIG. 20, the same amount of refrigerant of the same temperature and pressure flows through the indoor heat exchanger 16, and the power As for the differential pressure is about 3kg / cm 2 Despite the small capacity of about G, the cooling capacity is equivalent to the general cooling operation of FIG. The operating capacity of the refrigerant pump 12 at this time is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0013]
FIG. 23 shows a Mollier diagram showing the operation state during the cooling operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. 19, and the condensation temperature is about 23 ° C. and the evaporation temperature is about 10 ° C. In this operation, the present system performs cooling at a light load, for example.
[0014]
FIG. 24 shows a cooling operation combined with regenerative heat in which the general cooling operation of FIG. 20 and the cooling operation of FIG. 22 are simultaneously performed.
In the figure, the valve 14 is closed, the valves 7, 8, and 20 are opened, and the compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the liquid refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 10 for regenerative heat on the refrigerant pump 12 side merges with the refrigerant decompressed by the first expansion device 6 on the compressor 1 side and in front of the valve 7, and refrigerant for the indoor unit In the circuit systems a, b, and c, approximately twice the amount of refrigerant circulates in the general cooling operation of FIG. 20 or the cooling operation of FIG. 22, and the capacity is also doubled. At this time, the opening degree of the first expansion device 6 is constant, and the pressure at the junction is 8 to 10 kg / cm. 2 It becomes about G. The operating capacity at this time is determined by controlling the capacity of the compressor 1 with the refrigerant pump 12 at 100% output, and the capacity control ratio is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0015]
FIG. 25 shows a Mollier diagram showing the operation state during the cooling operation with the cold storage heat. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. The evaporation temperature is about 10 ° C., as in the other cooling operations, but the condensation temperature is about 45 ° C. for the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and about 20-25 ° C. for the cold storage heat exchanger 10. In this operation, the system performs cooling during normal cooling load.
[0016]
The above has described the operation related to cooling. The following is the description of the operation related to heating. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the compressor four-way switching valve 2 and the refrigerant pump four-way switching valve 11 are set to the heating mode.
FIG. 26 shows, for example, nighttime heat storage operation, that is, hot water storage operation. In the figure, the valves 7 and 20 are closed, the valves 8 and 14 are opened, and the compressor 1 is operated. At this time, the high-temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows in the direction of the arrow in the drawing, condenses in the heat exchanger 10 for cold storage heat of the heat storage tank 9, and raises the temperature of the water 21. The condensed refrigerant adiabatically expands in the first expansion device 6, absorbs heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and evaporates, and the vaporized refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 via the accumulator 17.
[0017]
FIG. 27 shows a Mollier diagram representing the operation state during the heat storage operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. 19, and the boiling temperature of the bath water temperature is about 50 ° C., the condensation temperature at this time is about 55 ° C., and the evaporation temperature is about 0 ° C. In this operation, the system stores hot water in the nighttime power hours and ends the operation as soon as a predetermined bath water temperature is reached.
[0018]
The daytime heating operation is described below. FIG. 28 shows a general heating operation when heating operation is performed only by the compressor 1 without using heat storage. In the figure, the valves 7 and 20 are opened, the valves 8 and 14 are closed, and the compressor 1 is operated. 17 kg / cm from compressor 1 2 The high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged at a pressure around G is sent to each indoor unit refrigerant circuit system a, b, c, and condensed in each indoor-side heat exchanger 16 to heat indoor air. The condensed liquid refrigerant is slightly depressurized by the second throttling device 15 and further depressurized by the first throttling device 6 to about 4 kg / cm. 2 It evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 with the pressure of G, and thereafter returns to the compressor 1 by the same action as FIG. The operating capacity of the compressor 1 at this time is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0019]
FIG. 29 shows a Mollier diagram representing the operation state during the general heating operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. 19, the condensation temperature is about 42 to 43 ° C., and the evaporation temperature is about 0 ° C. In this operation, the system performs heating during light loads during the day after consumption of heat storage.
[0020]
FIG. 30 shows heating only by heat storage, that is, heat radiation operation. In the figure, the first expansion device 6 and the valves 14 and 20 are closed, the valves 7 and 8 are opened, and the refrigerant pump 12 is operated. At this time, the refrigerant pump 12 has an evaporation pressure of about 13 kg / cm in the tank. 2 The gas refrigerant heated and vaporized by G is sucked through the refrigerant pump accumulator 13. Therefore, about 4kg / cm 2 17kg / cm with G pressure increase 2 The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant before and after G is sent to the indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, and c, and the indoor air is heated by the same action as in FIG. The condensed refrigerant is depressurized by the second expansion device 15 and about 13 kg / cm. 2 It returns to the heat storage tank 9 as a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant of G. The operating capacity of the refrigerant pump 12 at this time is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0021]
FIG. 31 shows a Mollier diagram showing the operation state during the heat radiation operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. 19, the condensation temperature is about 42 to 43 ° C., and the evaporation temperature is about 35 ° C. In this operation, the system performs heating at a light load, for example.
[0022]
FIG. 32 shows a combined heat storage heating operation in which the general heating operation of FIG. 28 and the heat dissipation operation of FIG. 30 are simultaneously applied. In the figure, the valve 14 is closed, the valves 7, 8 and 20 are opened, and the compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the gas refrigerant delivered from the refrigerant pump 12 merges with the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 on the outlet side of the valve 20, and the indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, c are connected to the refrigerant circuit systems a, b, c for indoor unit in the general heating operation of FIG. Alternatively, the pressure is 17kg / cm, which is twice the amount of heat dissipation operation shown in Fig. 30. 2 The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant around G circulates and the capacity is doubled. About 13 kg / cm decompressed by the second expansion device 15 2 About 1/2 of the refrigerant of about G flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 10 for cold storage heat, and performs the same operation as the heat radiation operation of FIG. 30, and the other 1/2 refrigerant enters the first expansion device 6. The pressure is further reduced to about 4 kg / cm 2 It becomes the pressure of G, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and performs the same action as the general heating operation of FIG. The operating capacity at this time is determined by controlling the capacity of the compressor 1 with the refrigerant pump 12 at 100% output, and the capacity control ratio is determined by the total operating capacity of the indoor units.
[0023]
FIG. 33 shows a Mollier diagram representing the operating state during this heat storage combined heating operation. The numbers in the figure are as described in FIG. The condensation temperature is about 42 to 43 ° C. as in other heating operations, but the evaporation temperature is around 35 ° C. for the cold-storage heat exchanger 10 and around 0 ° C. for the outdoor heat exchanger 3. In this operation, the present system performs heating when the heating load is concentrated, for example, at the start-up in the morning.
[0024]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional heat storage type air conditioner that performs each operation as described above, when one of the heat exchangers for cold storage heat or the heat storage tank cannot be used, cold storage, heat storage and Air conditioning operation using heat storage could not be performed.
[0025]
In addition, at the time of heat dissipation heating, high-efficiency heat storage use heating can be performed immediately after performing nighttime heat storage, but once the heat storage is used, the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank decreases, In the case of performing air conditioning using heat storage again before the heat storage operation, only heat storage using heating with relatively low efficiency due to the lowered water temperature was possible.
[0026]
In addition, the amount of cold storage used per unit time used during cooling is always the same, and the amount of cold storage used per unit time used during cooling is used to further increase the nighttime power consumption rate at the peak of power consumption. That is, the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger for cold storage heat could not be increased.
[0027]
Further, during low heat operation of heat storage operation, a large amount of refrigerant is distributed in units and pipes on the indoor unit side that are not used. For this reason, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit used is insufficient, and the operation state is insufficient.
[0028]
Also, if the heat storage tank is configured as an integral unit, the installation space is concentrated in one place, so if the installation space is narrowly dispersed, the installation space for the heat storage tank cannot be secured, and the heat storage tank The tank installation was severely restricted.
[0029]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the various problems described above, a regenerative air conditioner according to the present invention includes a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first throttle device, a second throttle device, and an indoor side. A general cooling / heating circuit in which heat exchangers are sequentially connected by piping, a third expansion device between the first expansion device and the second expansion device, and a space between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor are connected to the third circuit. A first heat storage / heat storage circuit that is connected to the expansion device, the first heat storage heat exchanger, and the first valve together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device. A refrigerant pipe is connected between the connection pipe and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit to the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe and the first heat storage heat exchanger. Connected first heat storage heat storage heat exchanger, third expansion device, second expansion device, and indoor side A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connecting pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with an exchanger; and a heat storage tank in which a first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. 1, one or a plurality of second cool heat storage heat exchangers that are arranged in the heat storage medium and constitute a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first cool heat storage heat exchanger. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first cold storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe and a second cold storage heat of the first connection pipe. A third valve provided on one outlet side of the heat exchanger for heat, a fourth valve provided on the other outlet side of the first heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe, A fifth valve provided on the other outlet side of the second heat storage heat storage heat exchanger of the connection pipe, and a four-way switching valve of a general air conditioning circuit The 3rd which connects between the suction side of a compressor, and the piping connection position of the 1st and 2nd heat exchanger for cold storage heat from the 1st valve of the 1st connection piping via the 6th valve. And a connecting pipe.
[0030]
In addition, a general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected by piping, and a general cooling / heating circuit Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor through a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first valve. Connected between the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device together with the first expansion device, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor Between the first valve of the first connecting pipe and the first heat storage heat exchanger through a refrigerant pump, the first heat storage heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second The second connecting pipe constituting the cooling / radiating circuit together with the expansion device and the indoor heat exchanger, and storage in the tank In a heat storage type air conditioner comprising a heat storage tank in which a first heat storage heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in the heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is disposed in the heat storage medium and constitutes a part of the circuit for cooling / dissipating heat 1 or A plurality of second heat storage heat exchangers are connected to the first connection pipe in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage tank is divided into a plurality of heat storage chambers, A first valve or a second heat storage heat exchanger disposed in the heat storage chamber, and a second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe; , A third valve provided on one outlet side of the second cool storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe, a first valve between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor, and the first Between the first valve of the connection pipe of the first pipe and the pipe connection position of the first and second heat storage heat storage devices through the sixth valve. When performing the heat storage utilization heating operation using the third connection pipe to be connected and the circuit for cooling and radiating heat, the first and second cold storage heats are switched by opening and closing the second valve and the third valve. The heat storage use heat exchanger management means which uses the heat storage of the heat storage medium by any of the heat exchangers for use.
[0031]
A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected by piping, and a general cooling / heating circuit Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor through a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first valve. Connected between the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device together with the first expansion device, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor Between the first valve of the first connecting pipe and the first heat storage heat exchanger through a refrigerant pump, the first heat storage heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second A second connecting pipe that constitutes a circuit for cooling and radiating heat together with the expansion device and the indoor heat exchanger, and in the tank In a heat storage air conditioner comprising a heat storage tank in which a first heat storage heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a stored heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is disposed in the heat storage medium and constitutes a part of a circuit for cooling and radiating heat Alternatively, a plurality of second heat storage heat exchangers are connected to the first connection pipe in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage tank is divided into a plurality of heat storage chambers. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe while arranging the first or second heat storage heat exchanger in each heat storage chamber. And a third valve provided on one outlet side of the second heat storage heat storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe, a four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and a suction side of the compressor Between the first valve of the first connection pipe and the pipe connection position of the first and second heat storage heat exchangers via the sixth valve For the first or second regenerative heat by switching the second valve and the third valve to open and close when performing the cooling use cooling operation using the third connection pipe and the cooling / heat radiation circuit The heat exchanger management means which uses the cold energy which uses the cold energy of the heat storage medium by either or both of the heat exchangers is provided.
[0032]
In addition, a general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected by piping, and a general cooling / heating circuit Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor through a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first valve. Connected between the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device together with the first expansion device, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor Between the first valve of the first connecting pipe and the first heat storage heat exchanger through a refrigerant pump, the first heat storage heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second The second connecting pipe constituting the cooling / radiating circuit together with the expansion device and the indoor heat exchanger, and storage in the tank In a heat storage type air conditioner comprising a heat storage tank in which a first heat storage heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in the heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is disposed in the heat storage medium and constitutes a part of the circuit for cooling / dissipating heat 1 or The plurality of second cool heat storage heat exchangers are connected to the first connection pipe in parallel with the first cool heat heat exchanger, and the first heat storage heat exchange of the first connection pipe A second valve provided on one outlet side of the heater, a third valve provided on one outlet side of the second heat storage heat exchanger of the first connecting pipe, and a circuit for general air conditioning Between the four-way switching valve of the compressor and the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe and the pipe connection position of the first and second heat storage heat exchangers via the sixth valve. Before performing the heat storage operation using the third connection pipe to be connected and the cold storage / heat storage circuit, the cold storage operation is performed for a predetermined time. Those formed by and a first or second refrigeration cycle in the refrigerant amount adjusting means for discharging the refrigerant from the cold storage heat heat exchanger.
[0033]
In addition, a general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected by piping, and a general cooling / heating circuit Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor through a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first valve. Connected between the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device together with the first expansion device, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor Between the first valve of the first connecting pipe and the first heat storage heat exchanger through a refrigerant pump, the first heat storage heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second The second connecting pipe constituting the cooling / radiating circuit together with the expansion device and the indoor heat exchanger, and storage in the tank In a heat storage type air conditioner comprising a heat storage tank in which a first heat storage heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in the heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is disposed in the heat storage medium and constitutes a part of the circuit for cooling / dissipating heat 1 or The plurality of second heat storage heat exchangers are connected to the first connection pipe in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage tank is configured as a plurality of divided heat storage tanks independently. Each of the divided heat storage tanks is provided with a first or second heat storage heat storage device.
[0034]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Subsequently, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, a heat storage type air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a system of a heat storage type air conditioner. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 17 in the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In this heat storage type air conditioner, as shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 1, the four-way switching valve 28, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the first expansion device 6, the second expansion devices 15a, 15b, 15c, and The indoor heat exchangers 16a, 16b, 16c are connected to the refrigerant pipes 104a, 104b, 103, 108, 121, 122a, 122b, 122c, 123a, 123b, 123c, 124a, 124b, 124c, 120, 128a, 128b, 139, 129 are sequentially connected to form a general air conditioning circuit.
In addition, the refrigerant pipes 108 and 121 between the first expansion device 6 and the second expansion devices 15a, 15b, and 15c of the general cooling and heating circuit and the indoor heat exchangers 16a, 16b, and 16c and the compressor 1 are connected. First connection pipes 105, 112, 118, and 119 that connect the refrigerant pipes 120 and 128a via the third expansion device 22, the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a, and the first valve 14 are provided. Is provided. The first connection pipes 105, 112, 118, and 119 together with the compressor 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the first expansion device 6 constitute a cold storage / heat storage circuit.
Moreover, the 1st connection between the refrigerant | coolant piping 129,139 between the four-way switching valve 28 of the circuit for general cooling / heating and the suction side of the compressor 1, and the 1st valve 14 from the 1st heat storage heat exchanger 10a. Second connection pipes 130, 133, 132, and 131 that connect the pipes 112 and 118 via the refrigerant pump 12 and the seventh valve 24 are provided. The second connection pipes 130, 133, 132, and 131 are the first heat storage heat exchanger 10 a, the third expansion device 22, the second expansion devices 15 a, 15 b, 15 c, and the indoor heat exchanger 16 a. , 16b, and 16c constitute a cooling / dissipating circuit.
[0035]
And the 2nd cold storage heat exchanger 10b which is arrange | positioned in the thermal storage medium 21 and comprises a part of circuit for cooling / radiating heat is parallel to the 1st cold storage heat exchanger 10a, and is 1st. The connection pipes 105 and 112 are connected.
Furthermore, the second valve 26a provided on one outlet side of the first cold storage heat exchanger 10a of the first connection pipe 112, and the second cold storage heat of the first connection pipe 112. A third valve 26b provided on one outlet side of the exchanger 10b and a fourth valve 27a provided on the other outlet side of the first cold storage heat exchanger 10a of the first connection pipe 105. And a fifth valve 27b provided on the other outlet side of the second cool storage heat exchanger 10b of the first connection pipe 105, and the compressor 1 suction side from the four-way switching valve 28 of the general cooling / heating circuit. The refrigerant pipes 128b and 139 between the first valve 14 and the first connection pipe 112 between the first and second regenerative heat exchangers 10a and 10b are connected via the sixth valve 23. Third connecting pipes 136 and 137 are provided.
[0036]
Therefore, in this regenerative air conditioner, even when the first regenerator heat exchanger 10a is broken, the second regenerator heat is closed by closing the second valve 26a and the fourth valve 27a. The exchanger 10b can be used, and the operation using the heat storage tank 9 becomes possible. Conversely, when the second heat storage heat exchanger 10b is broken, the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a can be used by closing the third valve 26b and the fifth valve 27b, The operation | movement which uses the thermal storage tank 9 is attained.
[0037]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
Hereinafter, a regenerative air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 shows a system of a heat storage type air conditioner. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Differences from FIG. 1 are as follows.
That is, the heat storage tank 9 is divided into two heat storage chambers 9a and 9b, and each of the heat storage chambers 9a and 9b has a first heat storage heat exchanger 10a or a second heat storage heat exchanger 10b. Are arranged, and when performing a heat storage-use heating operation using a cooling / radiating circuit, the second valve 26a and the third valve 26b are opened and closed based on a preset heating operation schedule. It is provided with heat storage use heat exchanger management means 201 that switches between them and uses the heat storage of the heat storage medium 21 by either the first or second heat storage heat exchanger 10a, 10b.
[0038]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment, the basic refrigerant flow, and the operating state will be described.
The circuit diagram of the heat radiation heating operation when using the heat storage chamber 9a of the present embodiment is FIG.
In FIG. 2, the third throttling device 22, the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, 15c, the sixth valve 23, and the second valve 26a are open, and the other throttling devices and valves are closed. The compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the compressor 1 is 17 kg / cm. 2 High-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerants before and after G are sent to the indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, and c to heat the indoor air. The condensed refrigerant is depressurized by the second expansion device 15 and about 13 kg / cm. 2 It becomes a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant of G, evaporates back to the heat storage chamber 9a, passes through the sixth valve 23, and is about 4 kg / cm. 2 Return to compressor 1 with G.
[0039]
On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the heat radiation heating operation when the heat storage chamber 9b of the present embodiment is used.
In FIG. 3, the third throttling device 22, the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, 15c, the sixth valve 23, and the third valve 26b are open, and the other throttling devices and valves are closed. The compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the compressor 1 is 17 kg / cm. 2 High-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerants before and after G are sent to the indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, and c to heat the indoor air. The condensed refrigerant is depressurized by the second expansion device 15 and about 13 kg / cm. 2 It becomes a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant of G, evaporates back to the heat storage chamber 9b, passes through the sixth valve 23, and is about 4 kg / cm. 2 Return to compressor 1 with G.
[0040]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the general heating operation of the present embodiment.
In FIG. 4, the compressor 1 is operated with the first throttle device 6 and the second throttle devices 15a, 15b, 15c open, and the other throttle devices and valves closed. 17 kg / cm from compressor 1 2 The high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged at a pressure around G is sent to each indoor unit refrigerant circuit system a, b, c, and condensed in each indoor-side heat exchanger 16a, 16b, 16c to heat indoor air. The condensed liquid refrigerant is slightly depressurized by the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, and 15c, and further depressurized by the first throttling device 6 to about 4 kg / cm. 2 It evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 with the pressure of G and returns to the compressor 1.
[0041]
Next, FIG. 5 shows a heating time zone operation switching state diagram of the heating season of the present embodiment. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the heating capacity during heating operation. Further, this control of the operating state is shown in FIG. 6 of the control block diagram.
According to the heat storage and use heat exchanger management means 201, first, a heat release operation (a state in which the second valve 26a is opened) is performed in which the heat storage chamber 9a is included in the refrigeration cycle in the heating time period from 8:00 ( S1, S2). At this time, the third valve 26b of the heat storage chamber 9b is closed. Moreover, the temperature of the water which is the heat storage medium 21 of the heat storage chamber 9a and the heat storage chamber 9b is 40 degreeC at the time of 8:00. This operation is performed from 8:00 to 12:00 (S3). During the period from 12:00 to 16:00, where the amount of stored heat is consumed at night, the second valve 26a and the third valve 26b are closed and the operation for switching to the general heating operation is performed simultaneously (S4, S5). When 16:00 is reached (S6), the third valve 26b is opened and the operation of starting the heat radiation operation is simultaneously performed (S7). The heat radiation operation including the heat storage chamber 9b in the refrigeration cycle is started (S8), and the heat radiation operation is performed until 20:00. At this time, the water temperature of the heat storage chamber 9b is kept close to 40 ° C., and the water temperature is such that the heat radiation operation can be efficiently performed. And when it becomes 20:00 (S9), the operation | movement which closes the 3rd valve 26b and starts general heating operation is performed simultaneously (S10). During the time period from 20:00 to 22:00, the general heating operation is performed, and the second valve 26a and the third valve 26b are closed. At 22:00, the heating operation time zone ends (S11), and from 22:00 to 8:00 the next day, the heat storage time zone is reached.
[0042]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
Hereinafter, a heat storage type air conditioner according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 shows a system of a heat storage type air conditioner. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 2 in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The following points are different from FIG.
That is, when performing the cooling / cooling operation using the cooling / dissipating circuit, the first or second valve 26a and the third valve 26b are switched on and off based on a preset cooling operation schedule. The heat exchanger management means 202 for using cold energy that uses the cold energy of the heat storage medium 21 by either or both of the heat exchangers 10a and 10b for cold energy storage is provided.
[0043]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment, the basic refrigerant flow, and the operating state will be described.
First, FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a cooling operation combined with cold storage heat (one operation in the cooling operation) when the heat storage chamber 9a is used.
In FIG. 7, the first throttling device 6, the third throttling device 22, the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, 15c, the seventh valve 24, and the second valve 26a are opened, and the other valves are closed. In this state, the compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the liquid refrigerant condensed in the heat storage chamber 9a on the refrigerant pump 12 side merges with the refrigerant depressurized by the first expansion device 6 on the compressor 1 side, and reaches the refrigerant circuit systems a, b, and c for indoor units. About twice as much refrigerant as in general cooling operation circulates and the capacity doubles. Then, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1.
[0044]
On the other hand, FIG. 8 shows a circuit diagram of a cooling operation combined with cold storage heat (one operation in the cooling operation) when the heat storage chamber 9b is used.
In FIG. 8, the first throttling device 6, the third throttling device 22, the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, 15c, the seventh valve 24, and the third valve 26b are opened, and the other valves are closed. In this state, the compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 12 are operated. At this time, the liquid refrigerant condensed in the heat storage chamber 9b on the refrigerant pump 12 side merges with the refrigerant depressurized by the first expansion device 6 on the compressor 1 side, and reaches the refrigerant circuit systems a, b, and c for indoor units. About twice as much refrigerant as in general cooling operation circulates and the capacity doubles. Then, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1.
[0045]
Next, FIG. 9 shows a circuit diagram of the general cooling operation.
The first throttling device 6 and the second throttling devices 15a, 15b, 15c are open, and the other throttling devices and valves are closed. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the high-pressure refrigerant is sent to the indoor unit refrigerant circuit systems a, b, c, and the second expansion devices 15a, 15b, 15c. Reduce the pressure while adjusting the refrigerant flow rate in each of the 6 kg / cm 2 It flows into the indoor heat exchangers 16a, 16b and 16c at a pressure of about G and evaporates. At this time, the refrigerant that absorbs heat from the surrounding indoor air and returns to gas returns to the compressor 1.
[0046]
Next, FIG. 10 shows a cooling time zone operation switching state diagram in the cooling season of the present embodiment. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the cooling capacity during the cooling operation. Further, this operation state control is shown in FIG. 11 of the control block diagram.
According to the cooling-heat-use heat exchanger management means 202, first, the cooling operation time starts at 8:00, and the operation of closing the second valve 26a and the third valve 26b and starting the general cooling operation is simultaneously performed (S21). , S22). At 10:00 (S23), in order to operate one heat storage chamber 9a, the second valve 26a is opened and the operation for starting the cooling operation combined with the cold storage heat is simultaneously performed (prioritizing the heat storage chamber 9a). Use, S24). From 10:00 to 14:00, a regenerative heat combined cooling operation using only one heat storage chamber 9a is performed (S25), and at 14:00 (S26), the third valve 26b of the heat storage chamber 9b is turned on. By opening (S27), the cooling operation combined with the regenerative heat is started by the two units, the first regenerator heat exchanger 10a and the second regenerator heat exchanger 10b (S28). The operation of the two heat storage rooms is used from 14:00 to 16:00, which consumes a large amount of power, and the nighttime power transfer rate at the peak of summer power is increased. At 16:00 (S29), the second valve 26a is closed and the operation of one heat storage chamber only for the heat storage chamber 9b is started (S30, S31), and this operation is performed from 16:00 to 18:00. Do. At 18:00 (S32), the operation of closing the third valve 26b and starting the general cooling operation is simultaneously performed (S33, S34). After performing the general cooling operation from 18:00 to 22:00, the cooling time zone is terminated at 22:00 (S35, S36), and the operation proceeds to the cold storage operation. In addition, this Embodiment shows the same effect not only with cool storage utilization cooling but with heat storage utilization heating.
[0047]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
Hereinafter, a heat storage type air conditioner according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 12 shows a system of a heat storage type air conditioner. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Differences from FIG. 1 are as follows.
That is, the fourth valve 27a and the fifth valve 27b are provided on the connection side of the first cool storage heat exchanger 10a and the second cool storage heat exchanger 10b with the third expansion device 22. In addition, prior to performing the heat storage operation using the cold storage / heat storage circuit based on a preset heating operation schedule, the first or second heat storage heat exchanger 10a, 10b is performed by performing the cold storage operation for a predetermined time. The refrigerant amount adjusting means 203 in the refrigeration cycle for discharging the refrigerant from the inside is provided.
[0048]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment, the basic refrigerant flow, and the operating state will be described. About the thermal storage operation of this Embodiment, the circuit diagram is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 12, the first throttle device 6, the third throttle device 22, the first valve 14, the second valve 26a, the third valve 26b, and the fourth valve 27a are opened, and other throttle devices and The compressor 1 is operated with the valve closed. At this time, the gas refrigerant sent out by the compressor 1 is cooled in the heat storage tank 9 and condensed at about 40 ° C., and the refrigerant throttled by the third throttling device 22 and the first throttling device 6 is the refrigerant circuit for the outdoor unit. About 6kg / cm 2 It flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 at a pressure of about G and evaporates. At this time, heat is absorbed from the surrounding outdoor air, and the gasified refrigerant returns to the compressor 1.
[0049]
Next, FIG. 13 shows a circuit diagram of the cold storage operation of the present embodiment.
In FIG. 13, the first throttle device 6, the third throttle device 22, the second valve 26a, and the fourth valve 27a are opened, and either the first valve 14 or the seventh valve 24 is closed. Other throttling devices and valves are closed. At this time, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 condenses in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, adiabatically expands in the first expansion device 6 and the third expansion device 22, and evaporates in the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a. Then, heat is received from the heat storage medium 21 (for example, water), the surface of the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a is frozen, and the vaporized refrigerant returns to the compressor 1.
[0050]
In the heat storage operation, a large amount of refrigerant is distributed in the heat storage heat exchanger for using the first or second heat storage heat exchanger 10a, 10b as a condenser. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant in the heat storage operation refrigeration cycle is larger than that in general cooling operation and general heating operation, and heat dissipation operation and cold storage operation using the first or second heat storage heat exchanger 10a, 10b as an evaporator. Necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to control the distribution of the refrigerant amount in the refrigeration cycle.
[0051]
Next, the refrigerant amount control in the refrigeration cycle during the heat storage operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 14 of the control block diagram.
According to the refrigerant amount adjusting means 203 in the refrigeration cycle, first, when the heat storage operation is started, the flow path of the four-way switching valve 28 is switched to the cold storage side as a preparatory operation, and the second heat exchanger 10a for the first cold storage heat exchanger 10a is switched. The valve 26a and the fourth valve 27a are closed, the third valve 26b and the fifth valve 27b of the second heat storage heat exchanger 10b are opened, and the operation for performing the cold storage operation is simultaneously performed (S41). By performing the cold storage operation for 5 minutes (S42), the amount of refrigerant in the second heat storage heat exchanger 10b used as an evaporator decreases. After the 5 minute cool-down operation is completed, the flow path of the four-way switching valve 28 is switched to the heat storage side, and the second valve 26a and the fourth valve 27a of the first heat storage heat exchanger 10a are opened, and the second The third valve 26b and the fifth valve 27b of the heat storage heat exchanger 10b are closed, and the operation for starting the heat storage operation is simultaneously performed (S43, S44). At this time, there is a large amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle in the heat storage operation. And when the water temperature of the thermal storage tank 9 exceeds 40 degreeC (S45), thermal storage operation is complete | finished (S46).
[0052]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
Hereinafter, a heat storage type air conditioner according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 15 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram of the regenerative air conditioner of the present embodiment. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. 1 in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. Differences from FIG. 1 are as follows.
That is, the heat storage tank is configured separately as a plurality of divided heat storage tanks 9A and 9B, and each of the divided heat storage tanks 9A and 9B has a first heat storage heat exchanger 10a or a second heat storage heat storage heat exchanger. 10b is arranged.
[0053]
Incidentally, when a heat storage tank is installed in a space as shown in FIG. 16, the heat storage tank size (width × depth × height) is 2 m × 1 m × 2 m, which cannot be fully accommodated. However, if the heat storage tank is divided into two heat storage tanks of size 1 m × 1 m × 2 m having a volume of 1/2, the divided heat storage tanks 9A and 9B can be stored in different places.
If it does in this way, the range of choice will be made in the method of installation of a thermal storage tank. Moreover, even when one divided heat storage tank becomes unusable due to water leakage or the like, another divided heat storage tank can be used.
[0054]
In each of the above-described embodiments, an example is shown in which one second heat storage heat exchanger is provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of second heat storage heat exchangers are arranged in parallel. You may have done.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
According to the heat storage type air conditioner of the present invention, even if a part of the heat storage heat exchanger or the like becomes unusable due to a failure, it is not necessary to replace the heat storage heat storage tank or the heat storage tank. Well, cold storage / heat storage operation or air-conditioning operation using heat storage by cooling / dissipating heat can be continued.
[0056]
In addition, regarding heat radiation heating operation, not only immediately after the completion of nighttime heat storage, even when the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank decreases as the heat storage is used once, efficient heating using the heat storage You can drive.
[0057]
Then, in order to further increase the power consumption night shift rate for the cooling and cooling operation, the amount of cold storage used per unit time used for the cooling and cooling operation at the peak of power consumption, that is, the transmission of the heat exchanger for cold storage heat. The amount of cooling that is proportional to the heat area can be increased.
[0058]
Furthermore, with regard to heat storage operation, when the outside air temperature is low, the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit to be used tends to be insufficient because a large amount of refrigerant is likely to be distributed in unused indoor units and piping. Since the cold storage operation is performed only a little as the preliminary operation before the operation, the heat storage operation can be started after the refrigerant in the heat exchanger for cold storage heat that is not used is moved to the refrigerant circuit. Thereby, it can avoid falling into the heat storage driving | running state by inadequate refrigerant | coolant amount.
[0059]
In addition, since a plurality of divided heat storage tanks with the same total capacity as the required heat storage tanks were used, even if the space for installing the heat storage tanks is dispersed and the individual dispersion spaces are narrow, such narrow spaces A heat storage tank can be installed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram at the time of heat radiation heating operation when a heat storage chamber 9a according to Embodiment 2 is used.
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram at the time of heat radiation heating operation when a heat storage chamber 9b according to Embodiment 2 is used.
4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during general heating operation according to Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a heating time zone operation switching state diagram according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of heating time zone operation switching according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of cooling operation combined with cold storage heat when the heat storage chamber 9a according to Embodiment 3 is used.
FIG. 8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of cooling operation combined with cold storage heat when the heat storage chamber 9b according to Embodiment 3 is used.
9 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of general cooling operation according to Embodiment 3. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a cooling time zone operation switching state diagram according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a control block diagram of cooling time zone operation switching according to the third embodiment.
12 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a heat storage operation according to Embodiment 4. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of cold storage operation according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a control block diagram of heat storage operation according to the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 16 is an installation diagram of a heat storage tank unit according to the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 18 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during cold storage operation of a conventional example.
19 is an operation circuit diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG.
FIG. 20 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during a general cooling operation of a conventional example.
FIG. 21 is an operation state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 20;
FIG. 22 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during a cooling operation of a conventional example.
FIG. 23 is an operation state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 22;
FIG. 24 is a refrigerant circuit diagram at the time of cooling operation combined with cold storage heat according to a conventional example.
25 is an operational state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 24. FIG.
FIG. 26 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during a heat storage operation of a conventional example.
27 is an operational state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 26. FIG.
FIG. 28 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during general heating operation of a conventional example.
29 is an operation state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 28. FIG.
FIG. 30 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during a heat radiation operation of a conventional example.
31 is an operational state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 30. FIG.
FIG. 32 is a refrigerant circuit diagram in a conventional heat storage combined heating operation.
33 is an operational state diagram in the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 32. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Compressor
3 outdoor heat exchanger
6 First diaphragm device
9 Thermal storage tank
9a, 9b Thermal storage room
9A, 9B Division heat storage tank
10a First heat exchanger for cold storage heat
10b Second heat storage heat storage unit
12 Refrigerant pump
14 First valve
15a, 15b, 15c Second diaphragm device
16a, 16b, 16c Indoor side heat exchanger
21 Heat storage medium
22 Third aperture device
23 Sixth valve
24 Seventh valve
26a second valve
26b Third valve
27a Fourth valve
27b Fifth valve
28 Four-way selector valve
104a, 104b, 103, 108, 121, 122a, 122b, 122c, 123a, 123b, 123c, 124a, 124b, 124c, 120, 128a, 128b, 139, 129 Refrigerant piping
105, 112, 118, 119 First connection piping
130, 133, 132, 131 Second connection pipe
136, 137 Third connection piping
201 Heat exchanger using heat storage management means
202 Chilled heat exchanger management means
203 Refrigerating cycle refrigerant amount adjusting means

Claims (5)

圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記第１の絞り装置から上記第２の絞り装置の間と上記室内側熱交換器から上記圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し上記圧縮機，上記室外側熱交換器，および上記第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，上記第３の絞り装置，上記第２の絞り装置，および上記室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、
上記蓄熱媒体中に配置されて上記放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して上記第１の接続配管に接続するとともに、上記第１の接続配管の上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の他方の出側に設けられた第４のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の他方の出側に設けられた第５のバルブと、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管とを具備してなることを特徴とする蓄熱式空気調和装置。A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected to each other by piping. Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first A first connecting pipe which is connected via a valve to form a cold storage / heat storage circuit together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device; and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. To the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe to the heat exchanger for the first cold storage heat through a refrigerant pump, the first cold storage heat. Heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second expansion device, and the indoor heat A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connection pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with a converter; and a heat storage tank in which the first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. In the device
One or more second heat storage heat exchangers arranged in the heat storage medium and constituting a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat exchanger for regenerative heat of the first connection pipe, and connected to the first connection pipe; A third valve provided on one outlet side of the second heat storage heat exchanger and a second valve provided on the other outlet side of the first cold storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe. A fourth valve, a fifth valve provided on the other outlet side of the second heat storage heat exchanger of the first connection pipe, and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. Arrangement of the first and second regenerator heat exchangers between the suction side of the compressor and the first valve of the first connection pipe. Thermal storage type air conditioning apparatus characterized by comprising; and a third connection pipe for connecting the between the connection position via a sixth valve. 圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記第１の絞り装置から上記第２の絞り装置の間と上記室内側熱交換器から上記圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し上記圧縮機，上記室外側熱交換器，および上記第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，上記第３の絞り装置，上記第２の絞り装置，および上記室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、
上記蓄熱媒体中に配置されて上記放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して上記第１の接続配管に接続し、上記蓄熱槽を複数の蓄熱室に区画して構成し、上記各蓄熱室に上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置するとともに、上記第１の接続配管の上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、上記放冷・放熱用回路を用いる蓄熱利用暖房運転を行う際に上記第２のバルブと上記第３のバルブの開閉を相互に切り換えて上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器のいずれかにより蓄熱媒体の蓄熱を使用する蓄熱使用熱交換器管理手段とを具備してなることを特徴とする蓄熱式空気調和装置。A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected to each other by piping. Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first A first connecting pipe which is connected via a valve to form a cold storage / heat storage circuit together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device; and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. To the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe to the heat exchanger for the first cold storage heat through a refrigerant pump, the first cold storage heat. Heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second expansion device, and the indoor heat A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connection pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with a converter; and a heat storage tank in which the first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. In the device
One or more second heat storage heat exchangers arranged in the heat storage medium and constituting a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger. The first connection pipe is connected, the heat storage tank is divided into a plurality of heat storage chambers, and the first or second cold storage heat exchanger is disposed in each of the heat storage chambers. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe and one of the second heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe A third valve provided on the outlet side of the compressor, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor, and from the first valve of the first connection pipe to the first and A third connecting pipe for connecting between the pipe connecting positions of the second heat storage heat exchanger through the sixth valve; When performing the regenerative / heat radiating heating operation using the heat storage / heat dissipation circuit, the second valve and the third valve are switched to each other to switch between the first and second heat storage heat exchangers. A heat storage type air conditioner characterized by comprising heat storage use heat exchanger management means using the heat storage of the heat storage medium. 圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記第１の絞り装置から上記第２の絞り装置の間と上記室内側熱交換器から上記圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し上記圧縮機，上記室外側熱交換器，および上記第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，上記第３の絞り装置，上記第２の絞り装置，および上記室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、
上記蓄熱媒体中に配置されて上記放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して上記第１の接続配管に接続し、上記蓄熱槽を複数の蓄熱室に区画して構成し、上記各蓄熱室に上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置するとともに、上記第１の接続配管の上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、上記放冷・放熱用回路を用いる冷熱利用冷房運転を行う際に上記第２のバルブと上記第３のバルブの開閉を切り換えて上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器のいずれかまたは双方により蓄熱媒体の冷熱を使用する冷熱使用熱交換器管理手段とを具備してなることを特徴とする蓄熱式空気調和装置。A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected to each other by piping. Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first A first connecting pipe which is connected via a valve to form a cold storage / heat storage circuit together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device; and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. To the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe to the heat exchanger for the first cold storage heat through a refrigerant pump, the first cold storage heat. Heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second expansion device, and the indoor heat A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connection pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with a converter; and a heat storage tank in which the first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. In the device
One or more second heat storage heat exchangers arranged in the heat storage medium and constituting a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger. The first connection pipe is connected, the heat storage tank is divided into a plurality of heat storage chambers, and the first or second cold storage heat exchanger is disposed in each of the heat storage chambers. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe and one of the second heat exchanger for cold storage heat of the first connection pipe A third valve provided on the outlet side of the compressor, between the four-way switching valve of the general cooling and heating circuit and the suction side of the compressor, and from the first valve of the first connection pipe to the first and A third connecting pipe for connecting between the pipe connecting positions of the second heat storage heat exchanger through the sixth valve; Either of the first and second heat storage heat exchangers is switched by switching between opening and closing of the second valve and the third valve when performing a cooling use cooling operation using the cooling / radiating circuit. A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a refrigerating heat exchanger managing means that uses the refrigerating heat of the regenerator medium. 圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記第１の絞り装置から上記第２の絞り装置の間と上記室内側熱交換器から上記圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し上記圧縮機，上記室外側熱交換器，および上記第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，上記第３の絞り装置，上記第２の絞り装置，および上記室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、
上記蓄熱媒体中に配置されて上記放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して上記第１の接続配管に接続するとともに、上記第１の接続配管の上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第２のバルブと、上記第１の接続配管の上記第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の一方の出側に設けられた第３のバルブと、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１および第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の配管接続位置の間とを第６のバルブを介して接続する第３の接続配管と、上記蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を用いる蓄熱運転を行うに先立ち、蓄冷運転を所定時間行って上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器内から冷媒を排出させる冷凍サイクル内冷媒量調整手段とを具備してなることを特徴とする蓄熱式空気調和装置。A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected to each other by piping. Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first A first connecting pipe which is connected via a valve to form a cold storage / heat storage circuit together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device; and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. To the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe to the heat exchanger for the first cold storage heat through a refrigerant pump, the first cold storage heat. Heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second expansion device, and the indoor heat A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connection pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with a converter; and a heat storage tank in which the first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. In the device
One or more second heat storage heat exchangers arranged in the heat storage medium and constituting a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger. A second valve provided on one outlet side of the first heat exchanger for regenerative heat of the first connection pipe, and connected to the first connection pipe; The first connection between the third valve provided on one outlet side of the second heat storage heat exchanger and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit to the suction side of the compressor A third connection pipe for connecting the first valve of the pipe to the pipe connection position of the first and second heat storage heat exchangers through a sixth valve; and the cold storage and heat storage Prior to performing the heat storage operation using the circuit, the heat storage operation is performed for a predetermined time to perform the heat exchange for the first or second cold storage heat. Vessel in thermal storage type air conditioning apparatus characterized by comprising; and a refrigeration cycle in the refrigerant amount adjusting means for discharging the coolant from. 圧縮機，四方切換弁，室外側熱交換器，第１の絞り装置，第２の絞り装置，および室内側熱交換器を順次配管接続してなる一般冷暖房用回路と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記第１の絞り装置から上記第２の絞り装置の間と上記室内側熱交換器から上記圧縮機の間とを第３の絞り装置，第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，および第１のバルブを介して接続し上記圧縮機，上記室外側熱交換器，および上記第１の絞り装置とともに蓄冷・蓄熱用回路を構成する第１の接続配管と、上記一般冷暖房用回路の上記四方切換弁から上記圧縮機の吸込側の間と上記第１の接続配管の上記第１のバルブから上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器の間とを冷媒ポンプを介して接続し上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器，上記第３の絞り装置，上記第２の絞り装置，および上記室内側熱交換器とともに放冷・放熱用回路を構成する第２の接続配管と、槽内に貯留した蓄熱媒体中に上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を配置した蓄熱槽とを備える蓄熱式空気調和装置において、
上記蓄熱媒体中に配置されて上記放冷・放熱用回路の一部を構成する１もしくは複数の第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器を、上記第１の蓄冷熱用熱交換器と並列して上記第１の接続配管に接続し、上記蓄熱槽を複数の分割蓄熱槽として別個独立に構成するとともに、上記各分割蓄熱槽に上記第１または第２の蓄冷熱用熱交換器をそれぞれ配置したことを特徴とする蓄熱式空気調和装置。A general cooling / heating circuit in which a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a second expansion device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected to each other by piping. Between the first throttling device and the second throttling device and between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, a third throttling device, a first heat storage heat exchanger, and a first A first connecting pipe which is connected via a valve to form a cold storage / heat storage circuit together with the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the first expansion device; and the four-way switching valve of the general cooling / heating circuit. To the suction side of the compressor and between the first valve of the first connection pipe to the heat exchanger for the first cold storage heat through a refrigerant pump, the first cold storage heat. Heat exchanger, the third expansion device, the second expansion device, and the indoor heat A regenerative air conditioner comprising: a second connection pipe constituting a cooling / radiating circuit together with a converter; and a heat storage tank in which the first heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in a heat storage medium stored in the tank. In the device
One or more second heat storage heat exchangers arranged in the heat storage medium and constituting a part of the cooling / dissipating circuit are arranged in parallel with the first heat storage heat exchanger. The heat storage tank is connected to the first connection pipe, and the heat storage tanks are separately configured as a plurality of divided heat storage tanks, and the first or second heat storage heat exchanger is disposed in each of the divided heat storage tanks. A regenerative air conditioner characterized by that.
JP17924096A 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Thermal storage air conditioner Expired - Fee Related JP3814877B2 (en)

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