JP3806161B2 - Method for suppressing pH decrease associated with high temperature storage of coffee can beverage - Google Patents

Method for suppressing pH decrease associated with high temperature storage of coffee can beverage Download PDF

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JP3806161B2
JP3806161B2 JP16141195A JP16141195A JP3806161B2 JP 3806161 B2 JP3806161 B2 JP 3806161B2 JP 16141195 A JP16141195 A JP 16141195A JP 16141195 A JP16141195 A JP 16141195A JP 3806161 B2 JP3806161 B2 JP 3806161B2
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Prior art keywords
coffee
beverage
coffee beans
extract
flavor
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JPH08322467A (en
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郁雄 渋市
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Asahi Soft Drinks Co Ltd
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Asahi Soft Drinks Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、コーヒー缶飲料の製法に関する。さらに詳しくは、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム及び/またはエリソルビン酸ナトリウムを添加したコーヒー豆を原料とすることによって、未処理のコーヒー豆を原料としたコーヒー缶飲料に比べて、香味の劣化が制御され、さらに高温保存時にpH低下が抑制され、コーヒー本来の風味を損なわないホット販売用コーヒー缶飲料の製法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
工業的にコーヒー豆からコーヒー抽出液を得る場合、熱湯によって抽出されるが、それによって製造されたコーヒー抽出液は時間の経過とともに香味の劣化が進み、香味や後味が悪く、コーヒー本来の風味が損なわれてしまう。この改善策として、コーヒー抽出液をCO2添加や急速凍結、抽出液濃度の調節などの処理をして低温または冷凍下で保存する方法(特開昭58−31939号公報、特開昭50−100266号公報、特開昭52−108057号公報、特公昭52−2991号公報)が知られている。
【0003】
またコーヒー豆を抽出する際に、あらかじめ抽出液にトコフェノール、L−アスコルビン酸やポリフェノールなどの抗酸化剤を加えて抽出し、常温下でのコーヒー抽出液の保存を高める方法が知られている(特公平6−28542号公報、特開平3−108446号公報)。
【0004】
更に、特開平3−30633号公報では、20℃以下の冷コーヒー抽出液に抗酸化剤を添加して、加熱することなく缶に充填し、コーヒーの風味を損なわないコーヒー缶飲料の製造法が示されているが、このような加熱殺菌をしない処理方法は問題が残る。
【0005】
一方、特開昭52−72861号公報では、コーヒー豆にソルビン酸ナトリウム水溶液よりなる酸化防止皮膜形成剤を添加するコーヒー豆の酸化防止処理法が開示されているが、この技術は、あくまでもコーヒー豆の保存を意図したものであり、缶コーヒーにおける味覚の維持を意図したものではない。そのうえ、このようなコーヒーを原料としたコーヒー缶飲料について、香味の劣化が抑制されるかどうかは不明である。
【0006】
一方、近年、コインベンダーの普及に伴い、冬季にはコーヒー缶飲料のコインベンダーによるホット販売が実施されている。その際、コーヒー缶飲料はコインベンダー内で、高温で保存され、ベンダーによっては、長時間、高温に曝されることもある。一般に、高温保存下でのコーヒー缶飲料は、低温、常温保存に比べ熱による劣化が進み、香味の劣化が著しい。しかしながら抗酸化剤の作用によってpH低下が抑制され、その結果、香味の劣化が抑制されるという知見は、未だ見出されていない。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする問題】
そこで、本発明の目的は、香味や後味が良く、更に高温保存時、すなわちコインベンダーのホット販売時にpH低下が抑制され、その結果香味の劣化が抑制され、香味や後味の良いコーヒー本来の風味を損なわないホット販売用コーヒー缶飲料の製法を提供する点にある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、コーヒー豆を焙煎した後、可及的すみやかにアスコルビン酸ナトリウム及び/またはエリソルビン酸ナトリウムの粉末を添加してコーヒー豆を粉砕し、粉砕後すみやかにこれを抽出し、缶に注入、密閉することを特徴とするホット販売用コーヒー缶飲料の製法に関する。
【0009】
以下、本発明に関して詳しく説明する。
コーヒー豆を焙煎後(焙煎は、コーヒー豆に200〜300℃の熱を加えるが、焙煎前に抗酸化剤を加えると抗酸化剤は炭になってしまう。)、可及的すみやかにアスコルビン酸ナトリウム及び/またはエリソルビン酸ナトリウムの粉末をコーヒー豆の重量に対して、0.1〜5w/w%、好ましくは0.2〜1w/w%の割合でコーヒー豆に添加し、直ちにコーヒー豆を粉砕し、これを抽出する。その際に使用するコーヒー豆については特に制限はなく、通常は一般に使用されているレギュラーコーヒーを用いることができる。コーヒー抽出法としては、ドリップ式抽出法あるいは浸漬抽出法、サイフォン式抽出法、エスプレッソ式抽出法等があるが、特に限定されるものでない。
また得られたコーヒー抽出液には牛乳、砂糖、乳化剤、カゼインナトリウムなど一般に食品に使用できるものであれば、何でも添加することができる。
更に、コーヒー抽出液を缶に詰め、レトルト殺菌(115−130℃、5〜40分)して、コーヒー缶飲料を得た。
【0010】
本発明は、特開昭51−57863号のようにコーヒー豆の保存方法ではないので、コーヒー豆の表面を酸化防止剤の皮膜で覆う必要はない。したがって、酸化防止剤を溶液の形で適用する必要がない。本発明は焙煎するコーヒー豆の粉砕時にアスコルビン酸ナトリウム及び/またはエリソルビン酸ナトリウムの粉末を添加することによって、コーヒー粉中にアスコルビン酸ナトリウムやエリソルビン酸ナトリウムが分散され、コーヒー抽出時点以降のコーヒー成分が酸化されるのを有効に防止できるとともに特開昭51−57863号のように酸化防止剤を溶液の形で使用しないので、前記溶液を保存するタンクも不要であり、また溶液を適用したことにより必要となる乾燥工程が不要である点が大きなメリットである。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を示すが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【0012】
実施例1
(1) 炒りたての中炒りのコーヒー豆(ブラジル・コロンビア・モカのブレンド)400gにエリソルビン酸ナトリウム8.0gを添加した後、これを粉砕し、約12倍量の水を加えて抽出し、コーヒー抽出液約4リットルを得た。これに重曹10gを添加して、全量を10リットルとし、190gづつを缶に詰め、レトルト殺菌を行い、試作品1Eを得た。対照として、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム水溶液を噴霧していない未処理の中炒りのコーヒー豆を原料として、同様の操作で対照品1を得た。
【0013】
(2) 両者をプラインドで、2点嗜好法にて官能試験を行った.官能試験は、29名のパネラーに事前に情報は与えず、総合評価、劣化の強さ、香りの強さ、香りの好み、コーヒー感の好み、後味の良さについて、7点評価で行った。
各評価項目の平均値を以下に示す。
【表1】

Figure 0003806161
試作品1Eは、対照品1に比べて、すべての項目において官能的に有意に勝っていた。
* 5%の危険率で差がある。
** 10%の危険率で差がある。
【0014】
(3) 実施例1(1)で製造した試作品1Eと対照品1を60℃、3週間保存後、実施例1(2)と同様の官能検査を行った。その結果を以下に示す。
【表2】
Figure 0003806161
試作品1Eは、対照品1に比べて、香りの強さは同じだったものの、それ以外の項目については勝っていた。
【0015】
(4) 実施例1(1)で製造した試作品1Eと対照品1を60℃で保存し、4週間後、6週間後に、pH低下値を測定した。
【表3】
Figure 0003806161
試作品1Eは、対照品1に比べて、4週間後に0.045、
6週間後に0.062 ほどpH低下値が抑制された。
【0016】
(5) 実施例1(1)で製造した試作品1Eと実施例1(1)で使用したエリソルビン酸ナトリウムのかわりにアスコルビン酸ナトリウムを使用して実施例1(1)と同様の操作を行って得た試作品1A及び実施例1(1)で製造した対照品1を80℃で保存し、1週間後にpH低下値を測定した。
【表3】
Figure 0003806161
試作品1E,1Aは、対照品1に比べて、1週間後のpH低下値が0.014〜0.039ほど抑制された。
【0017】
実施例2
(1) 炒りたての中炒りのコーヒー豆(ブラジル・コロンビア・モカのブレンド)550gに11.0gのエリソルビン酸ナトリウムを添加した後これを粉砕し、約12倍量の水を加えて抽出し、コーヒー抽出液約5.5リットルを得た。これに重曹13g、牛乳1kg、砂糖600g、乳化剤10gを添加し、全量を10リットルとし、ホモゲナイザーにかけた後、190gづつを缶に詰め、レトルト殺菌を行い、試作品2Eを得た。対照として、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム水溶液を噴霧していない未処理の中炒りのコーヒー豆を原料として、同様の操作で対照品2を得た。
【0018】
(2) そして、両者を実施例1(2)と同様官能検査を行った。その結果を以下に示す。
【表4】
Figure 0003806161
試作品2Eは、対照品2に比べて、すべての項目において官能的に有意に勝っていた。
* 5%の危険率で差がある。
** 10%の危険率で差がある。
【0019】
(3) 実施例2(1)で製造した試作品2Eと対照品2を60℃で保存し、4週間後、6週間後にpH低下値を測定した。
【表5】
Figure 0003806161
試作品2Eは、対照品2に比べて、4週間後に0.059、 6週間後に0.027ほどpH低下値が抑制された。
【0020】
(4) 実施例2(1)で製造した試作品2E、実施例2(1)のエリソルビン酸ナトリウムのかわりにアスコルビン酸ナトリウムを使用して同様の操作を行って得た試作品2A及び実施例2(1)で製造した対照品2を80℃で保存し、1週間後、2週間後にpH低下値を測定した。
【表6】
Figure 0003806161
試作品2E、2Aは対照品に比べて、pH低下値が
1週間後に0.057〜0.082、 2週間後、0.1 以上抑制された。
【0021】
実施例3
本発明のアスコルビン酸ナトリウムやエリソルビン酸ナトリウムのかわりにビタミンEや緑茶抽出物を用いた場合の比較を示す。
なお、ビタミンE、緑茶抽出物は、食品によく用いられる抗酸化剤であり、コーヒー缶飲料にした際の味、コストを考慮して、コーヒー豆に添加する重量を設定した。
3A:アスコルビン酸ナトリウム4.6g
3ビ:ビタミンE0.46g
3緑:緑茶抽出物0.23g
【0022】
炒りたての浅炒りのコーヒー豆各460gに、それぞれ3A,3ビ、3緑を添加した後、これを粉砕し、約12倍量の水を加えて抽出し、各コーヒー抽出液を約4.6リットル得た。これらにそれぞれ重曹12g、牛乳1050g、砂糖580g、乳化剤10g、インスタントコーヒー40gを添加し、全量を10リットルとした。これらをホモゲナイザーにかけた後、190gづつ缶に詰め、レトルト殺菌を行い、試作品3A、3ビ、3緑を得た。これを80℃で保存し、1週間後、2週間後にpH低下値を測定した。
【表7】
Figure 0003806161
3Aは、他の抗酸化剤であるビタミンEや緑茶抽出物に比べて、pH低下値を0.04〜0.08ほど抑制することができ、ビタミンEや緑茶抽出物よりも有効であることが確認された。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、ホット販売時に、未処理のコーヒー豆を原料とするよりも、pH低下が抑制され、その結果香味の劣化が抑制され、香味や後味の良いコーヒー本来の風味を損なわないホット販売用コーヒー缶飲料を提供することができた。本発明により未処理のコーヒー豆を原料としたコーヒー缶飲料に比べて、55℃以上、1〜6週間の高温保存後の、pHの低下が0.01〜0.2ほど抑制できる。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a coffee can beverage. More specifically, by using coffee beans to which sodium ascorbate and / or sodium erythorbate is added as a raw material, flavor deterioration is controlled compared to a coffee can beverage using raw coffee beans as a raw material. The present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-sale coffee can beverage that suppresses a decrease in pH during storage and does not impair the original flavor of coffee.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a coffee extract is industrially obtained from coffee beans, it is extracted with hot water, but the coffee extract produced thereby deteriorates in flavor over time, has a poor flavor and aftertaste, and has the original flavor of coffee. It will be damaged. As an improvement measure, a method of storing the coffee extract at a low temperature or under freezing by adding CO 2 , quick freezing, adjusting the concentration of the extract, etc. (JP 58-31939 A, JP 50- 50) No. 10026, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-108057, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-2991) are known.
[0003]
In addition, when extracting coffee beans, a method is known in which an antioxidant such as tocophenol, L-ascorbic acid or polyphenol is added to the extract in advance for extraction, thereby enhancing the preservation of the coffee extract at room temperature. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-28542, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-108446).
[0004]
Furthermore, JP-A-3-30633 discloses a method for producing a coffee can beverage that adds an antioxidant to a cold coffee extract at 20 ° C. or lower, fills the can without heating, and does not impair the flavor of the coffee. Although shown, such treatment methods without heat sterilization remain problematic.
[0005]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-72861 discloses a coffee bean anti-oxidation treatment method in which an anti-oxidation film forming agent comprising a sodium sorbate aqueous solution is added to coffee beans. Is not intended to preserve the taste in canned coffee. Moreover, it is unclear whether the deterioration of flavor is suppressed for such coffee can beverages made from coffee.
[0006]
On the other hand, in recent years, with the widespread use of coin vendors, hot sales of coffee can beverages by coin vendors are being carried out in winter. At that time, the coffee can drink is stored at a high temperature in a coin vendor, and depending on the vendor, the coffee can beverage may be exposed to a high temperature for a long time. In general, coffee can beverages stored at high temperatures are more deteriorated by heat and significantly deteriorated in flavor than those stored at low temperatures and normal temperatures. However, the knowledge that pH lowering is suppressed by the action of antioxidants and as a result, flavor deterioration is not yet found.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is good flavor and aftertaste, and further, when stored at a high temperature, that is, when the coin vendor is hot selling, pH decrease is suppressed, and as a result, deterioration of flavor is suppressed, and flavor and coffee aftertaste are good. It is a point to provide a method for producing a hot-sale coffee can beverage that does not impair the quality.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, after roasting coffee beans, the powder of sodium ascorbate and / or sodium erythorbate is added as soon as possible to pulverize the coffee beans. After pulverization, the coffee beans are immediately extracted and injected into cans. The present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-sale coffee can beverage characterized by being sealed.
[0009]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As soon as possible after roasting the coffee beans (the roasting adds 200-300 ° C heat to the coffee beans, but adding an antioxidant before roasting makes the antioxidant charcoal) The powder of sodium ascorbate and / or sodium erythorbate is added to the coffee beans at a ratio of 0.1 to 5 w / w%, preferably 0.2 to 1 w / w%, based on the weight of the coffee beans. The coffee beans are crushed and extracted. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the coffee bean used in that case, The regular coffee generally used can be used normally. Examples of the coffee extraction method include a drip extraction method, a soaking extraction method, a siphon extraction method, and an espresso extraction method, but are not particularly limited.
Moreover, what can generally be used for foodstuffs, such as milk, sugar, an emulsifier, and casein sodium, can be added to the obtained coffee extract.
Furthermore, the coffee extract was packed in a can and sterilized by retort (115-130 ° C., 5-40 minutes) to obtain a coffee can beverage.
[0010]
Since the present invention is not a method for preserving coffee beans as disclosed in JP-A-51-57863, it is not necessary to cover the surface of the coffee beans with an antioxidant film. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply the antioxidant in the form of a solution. The present invention adds sodium ascorbate and / or sodium erythorbate powder during grinding of roasted coffee beans to disperse sodium ascorbate and sodium erythorbate in the coffee powder, and the coffee components after the coffee extraction time It is possible to effectively prevent the oxidation of the liquid, and since an antioxidant is not used in the form of a solution as disclosed in JP-A-51-57863, a tank for storing the solution is unnecessary, and the solution is applied. This is a great merit in that the drying step which is necessary is not required.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, although an Example is shown, this invention is not limited to this.
[0012]
Example 1
(1) After adding 8.0 g of sodium erythorbate to 400 g of freshly roasted coffee beans (Brazil / Colombia / Mocha blend), extract it by adding about 12 times the amount of water. About 4 liters of coffee extract was obtained. To this was added 10 g of baking soda to make a total volume of 10 liters, 190 g each was packed in a can, sterilized by retort, and prototype 1E was obtained. As a control, Control 1 was obtained in the same manner using untreated medium-fried coffee beans that were not sprayed with an aqueous sodium erythorbate solution.
[0013]
(2) The sensory test was performed by the two-point preference method with both in mind. In the sensory test, 29 panelists were not given any information in advance, and the overall evaluation, the strength of deterioration, the strength of the scent, the taste of the scent, the taste of the coffee feeling, and the good aftertaste were evaluated by 7 points.
The average value of each evaluation item is shown below.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003806161
Prototype 1E was sensuously significantly superior in all items compared to Control 1.
* There is a difference in the risk rate of 5%.
** There is a difference in the risk rate of 10%.
[0014]
(3) The prototype 1E and the control product 1 produced in Example 1 (1) were stored at 60 ° C. for 3 weeks, and then the same sensory test as in Example 1 (2) was performed. The results are shown below.
[Table 2]
Figure 0003806161
Prototype 1E had the same fragrance intensity as control 1 but was superior in other items.
[0015]
(4) The prototype 1E and the control product 1 produced in Example 1 (1) were stored at 60 ° C., and the pH drop value was measured after 4 weeks and 6 weeks.
[Table 3]
Figure 0003806161
Prototype 1E is 0.045 after 4 weeks compared to Control 1
After 6 weeks, the pH drop value was suppressed by about 0.062.
[0016]
(5) Prototype 1E produced in Example 1 (1) and sodium ascorbate instead of sodium erythorbate used in Example 1 (1) were used in the same manner as in Example 1 (1). The prototype 1A and the control product 1 produced in Example 1 (1) were stored at 80 ° C., and the pH drop value was measured after 1 week.
[Table 3]
Figure 0003806161
In the prototypes 1E and 1A, compared with the control product 1, the pH drop value after one week was suppressed by 0.014 to 0.039.
[0017]
Example 2
(1) Add 11.0 g of sodium erythorbate to 550 g of freshly roasted coffee beans (Brazil / Colombia / Mocha blend), then crush it and extract with about 12 times the amount of water. About 5.5 liters of coffee extract was obtained. To this was added 13 g of baking soda, 1 kg of milk, 600 g of sugar, and 10 g of emulsifier to make a total volume of 10 liters. As a control, control product 2 was obtained in the same manner using untreated medium-fried coffee beans that were not sprayed with an aqueous sodium erythorbate solution.
[0018]
(2) Then, both were subjected to a sensory test in the same manner as in Example 1 (2). The results are shown below.
[Table 4]
Figure 0003806161
Prototype 2E was sensually significantly superior in all items compared to Control 2.
* There is a difference in the risk rate of 5%.
** There is a difference in the risk rate of 10%.
[0019]
(3) The prototype 2E and the control product 2 produced in Example 2 (1) were stored at 60 ° C., and the pH drop value was measured after 4 weeks and 6 weeks.
[Table 5]
Figure 0003806161
In the prototype 2E, the pH drop value was suppressed by 0.059 after 4 weeks and 0.027 after 6 weeks compared to the control product 2.
[0020]
(4) Prototype 2E manufactured in Example 2 (1), Prototype 2A obtained by performing the same operation using sodium ascorbate instead of sodium erythorbate in Example 2 (1) and Example The control product 2 produced in 2 (1) was stored at 80 ° C., and the pH drop value was measured after 1 week and 2 weeks.
[Table 6]
Figure 0003806161
In prototypes 2E and 2A, the pH drop was suppressed from 0.057 to 0.082 after 1 week and 0.1 or more after 2 weeks compared to the control product.
[0021]
Example 3
The comparison at the time of using vitamin E and a green tea extract instead of the sodium ascorbate and sodium erythorbate of this invention is shown.
Vitamin E and green tea extract are antioxidants often used in foods, and the weight to be added to coffee beans is set in consideration of the taste and cost when made into a coffee can beverage.
3A: 4.6 g of sodium ascorbate
3 bi: Vitamin E 0.46g
3 green: 0.23 g of green tea extract
[0022]
After adding 3A, 3B and 3 green to each 460g of freshly roasted coffee beans, pulverize them, add about 12 times the amount of water and extract, and add about 4 of each coffee extract. .6 liters were obtained. To these, 12 g of baking soda, 1050 g of milk, 580 g of sugar, 10 g of emulsifier, and 40 g of instant coffee were added to make a total volume of 10 liters. After applying these to a homogenizer, each 190g can was packed into cans and sterilized by retort to obtain prototypes 3A, 3B, and 3 green. This was stored at 80 ° C., and the pH drop value was measured after 1 week and 2 weeks.
[Table 7]
Figure 0003806161
3A can suppress the pH drop by 0.04 to 0.08 compared to other antioxidants such as vitamin E and green tea extract, and is more effective than vitamin E and green tea extract. Was confirmed.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, at the time of hot sale, compared to using untreated coffee beans as a raw material, lowering of pH is suppressed, and as a result, deterioration of flavor is suppressed, and the original flavor of coffee with good flavor and aftertaste is not impaired. We were able to provide a coffee can drink. According to the present invention, compared to a coffee can beverage made from untreated coffee beans as a raw material, a decrease in pH after high temperature storage of 55 ° C. or more and 1 to 6 weeks can be suppressed by about 0.01 to 0.2.

Claims (1)

コーヒー豆を焙煎した後、可及的すみやかにアスコルビン酸ナトリウム及び/またはエリソルビン酸ナトリウムの粉末を添加してコーヒー豆を粉砕し、粉砕後すみやかにこれを抽出し、缶に注入、密閉することを特徴とするホット販売用コーヒー缶飲料の高温保存に伴うpH低下を抑制する方法After roasting the coffee beans, add the powder of sodium ascorbate and / or sodium erythorbate as soon as possible to pulverize the coffee beans, extract them immediately after pulverization, inject into a can and seal A method for suppressing a decrease in pH associated with high-temperature storage of a hot-sale coffee can beverage characterized by the above.
JP16141195A 1995-06-05 1995-06-05 Method for suppressing pH decrease associated with high temperature storage of coffee can beverage Expired - Lifetime JP3806161B2 (en)

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JP3652478B2 (en) * 1997-07-23 2005-05-25 アサヒ飲料株式会社 How to make coffee
US8067049B2 (en) 2007-03-20 2011-11-29 Nagoyaseiraku Co., Ltd. Method of storing roasted coffee beans

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JPH02219542A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-09-03 Toshio Tanigawa Antioxidation of coffee beans and production of concentrated coffee using this method and concentrated coffee in small container
JP3126041B2 (en) * 1990-08-20 2001-01-22 株式会社上野製薬応用研究所 Flavor preserving agent for palatable beverage raw material and flavor preserving method
JPH04148646A (en) * 1990-10-11 1992-05-21 Yamanaka Sangyo Kk Fancy drink and its preparation

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