JP3799005B2 - Initial rainwater drain device and rainwater utilization system using the same - Google Patents

Initial rainwater drain device and rainwater utilization system using the same Download PDF

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JP3799005B2
JP3799005B2 JP2002301666A JP2002301666A JP3799005B2 JP 3799005 B2 JP3799005 B2 JP 3799005B2 JP 2002301666 A JP2002301666 A JP 2002301666A JP 2002301666 A JP2002301666 A JP 2002301666A JP 3799005 B2 JP3799005 B2 JP 3799005B2
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rainwater
initial rainwater
initial
storage tank
filter
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JP2004137709A (en
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忠 朝倉
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株式会社 高千穂
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108Rainwater harvesting

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、汚濁物質を多量に含む初期降雨水を容易に排除し、雨水を有効に利用するための初期降雨水排除装置、およびこれを用いた雨水利用システムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
雨水を雑用水や生活用水として有効に利用するための装置はこれまでに数多く知られており、本願出願人も特許文献1のとおり建物の雨水利用方法および建物の雨水利用システムに関する特許を出願している。
【0003】
このような装置は主に、雨水に含まれる汚濁物質を除去する濾過装置、雨水の殺菌を行う殺菌装置、雨水を貯留するための貯留タンク、貯留された雨水の水位やpHを制御するための各種センサー等を備えており、貯留された雨水は、例えば、洗車、草花への水やり等の雑用水やトイレ用水等の生活用水として使用することができる。
【0004】
ところで、このような雨水利用のための装置を設計、製造する上での重要なポイントの1つに、降り始めて2〜3mm程度の間もない雨水である初期降雨水の処理方法が挙げられる。つまり、初期降雨水は、屋根面に付着している塵、埃、鳥の糞や花粉など様々な汚濁物質を多量に含むため、これを濾過装置のみによって取り除こうとした場合には、フィルター目づまりが生じやすくなり、フィルターの交換、濾過装置の洗浄などのメンテナンスやこれに伴うコストの負担が大きくなってしまう。
【0005】
この問題に対しては、一定量もしくは一定時間の初期降雨水を排除する制御装置を備えた雨水利用装置が、下記実用新案文献1や特許文献2に提案されている。これによれば、汚濁物質を多量に含む初期降雨水を排除することができるため、フィルターに対するメンテナンスやこれに伴うコストの負担を低減することができる。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−167813号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2000−104294号公報
【実用新案文献1】
実開平6−12562号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、実用新案文献1に記載のあるような初期降雨水を排除する装置は、水位センサーやタイマーと連動した制御装置等を備えるものであり、該装置を製造するにあたってはコスト高となり、設置に際しては電源の供給が必要不可欠である。また、特許文献2の装置は自然エネルギーを利用した無動力で作動するため、電源の供給を必要としていないが、雨水の流路を切り換える切換弁の制御装置に要する部品数が多く、コスト高である。
【0008】
また、雨水利用システムにおいて、濾過装置のフィルターに対する負担は、初期降雨水を排除する装置と一体とすることで確実に軽減されるが、一般的な濾過装置は、流入してきた雨水を単に重力により上から下へフィルターを通過させて浄化するタイプであり、このような構造であると、初期降雨水を排除する装置で排除しきれなかった塵や埃により、フィルター目づまりが発生し易いという問題が残ってしまう。
【0009】
上記を鑑み、本発明は、電気エネルギーを消耗する各種制御装置を使用することなく、簡易な機構により初期降雨水を排除することのできる初期降雨水排除装置、ならびに該初期降雨水排除装置、フィルター目づまりの生じにくい濾過装置、および貯留槽を少なくとも備える雨水利用システムを提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、初期降雨水流入口と初期降雨水排出口とを有する初期降雨水貯留槽、および初期降雨水流入口下部に位置決めされ、初期降雨水貯留槽に貯留された雨水の水面に浮かぶと、その水面高さによって初期降雨水流入口の開閉を行うフロート弁、を少なくとも備えることを特徴とする初期降雨水排除装置を提供する。
【0011】
また、本発明は、初期降雨水流入口と初期降雨水排出口とを有する初期降雨水貯留槽と、初期降雨水流入口下部に位置決めされ、初期降雨水貯留槽に貯留された雨水の水面に浮かぶと、その水面高さによって初期降雨水流入口の開閉を行うフロート弁と、を少なくとも備える初期降雨水排除装置、フィルター層を内部に備え、初期降雨水排除装置を経て流入してくる雨水をフィルター層下部から上部へと通過させることで雨水の浄化を行う濾過装置、および濾過装置により浄化された雨水を貯留するための貯留槽、を少なくとも備えることを特徴とする雨水利用システムを提供する。
【0012】
上記本発明の初期降雨水排除装置によれば、電気エネルギーを消耗する制御装置を使用することなく、簡易な機構により汚濁物質を多量に含んだ初期降雨水を排除することができるため、製造や設置にかかるコスト、さらにはランニングコストをも低減することが可能となり、また、設置場所に関しては、電源設備がない、もしくは電源を供給することが困難な場所、大型な設備を設置できない場所にも好適であり、さらには、既存の雨樋等にも容易に取り付け、設置することが可能である。また、該初期降雨水排除装置に接続する濾過装置について、浄化する雨水を下から上へ向かってフィルターを通過させるタイプとすることで、従来の上から下へ通過させるタイプと比較してフィルター目づまりが生じにくい雨水利用システムを提供することが可能となる。
【0013】
以下、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の初期降雨水排除装置の一実施形態(集水路一体型)を示す断面図である。雨が降り始め、住宅の屋根面、ビルの屋上、高速道路等の建築物から雨樋を通して集まる雨水は、まず、雨樋等に接続された集水路6を通って、その途中に設けられた初期降雨水流入口4より初期降雨水貯留槽2に流入する。
【0015】
本発明の初期降雨水排除装置は、初期降雨水流入口を既存の雨樋に直接接続して設置するタイプや、集水路が初期降雨水貯留槽と一体となっており、これを既存の雨樋に組み込み、設置するタイプ(集水路一体型)などがある。初期降雨水貯留槽は初期降雨水を一時的に貯めるものであり、その形状、大きさは、屋根面等の集水面積に応じて適宜決定すればよい。また、初期降雨水流入口の大きさ、数、位置等についても諸条件を勘案して、適宜決定すればよく、限定されない。さらに、屋根面から雨水と共に流れてくる比較的大きなゴミを初期降雨水排除装置内に入れないために、雨樋には従来公知のネットやフィルターなどを設置することが好ましい。
【0016】
ついで、流入した初期降雨水が初期降雨水貯留槽2の所定量に近づくと、初期降雨水流入口4の下部に位置決めされたフロート弁3が、貯留された初期降雨水の水面に浮かび、その後共に上昇し始め、初期降雨水貯留槽2が満水となると同時に初期降雨水流入口4を塞ぐ。
【0017】
このフロート弁3は、貯留された初期降雨水の水面に追従して上下動が可能なように支持部材7により初期降雨水流入口下部に位置決めされおり、それゆえ、流入口の開閉を無動力で行うことが可能となっている。フロート弁の形状としては、初期降雨水流入口を塞ぐのに十分な大きさと形状を有していればよく、特に限定されない。また、その材質は水に浮かび、透水性でないものであれば、特に限定されないが、水に対する耐久性やコスト等を考慮すると、ポリスチレン等のプラスチックであることが好ましい。図2には、初期降雨水流入口の下部に位置決めされるフロート弁の具体例の概略断面図を示すが、勿論これに限定されるわけではなく、本発明の原理を利用した種々の形態を採用することができる。
【0018】
初期降雨水流入口4がフロート弁3により塞がれた後の雨水は、初期降雨水貯留槽2内に流入せずに、初期降雨水排除装置1と接続されうる濾過装置、殺菌槽、貯留槽等の外部槽へと誘導される。
【0019】
一方、初期降雨水貯留槽2に貯留された初期降雨水は、初期降雨水排出口5から適宜排出する。該初期降雨水排出口5の形状、排出方法などは特に限定されないが、手動で排出を行う場合には、雨が止んだ後に行う。好ましくは、その形状を図1に示されるような逆U字管形状とし、サイホンの原理を利用して雨水の排出を自動で行う。ただし、この場合、降雨時において、単位時間当たりに該排出口から排出される雨水の量が単位時間当たりに初期降雨水流入口から流入する雨水の量より少なくなる構造(例えば、管の穴径を3〜5mm程度の小さいものとする)とすることが必要である。これによれば、降雨時、貯留初期降雨水の水面が逆U字管最上部に達すると、貯留初期降雨水はサイホンの原理により自動的に排出され始めるが、その排出速度が雨水流入速度より遅いため、貯留初期降雨水は、排出されつつもその水位を上昇させ、雨水流入口4はフロート弁3により塞がれ、その状態を維持することができる。そして、降雨終了後、雨水の流入がなくなると、貯留初期降雨水のほぼ全てが排出され、次の降雨に備えることが可能となる。なお、逆U字管がゴミ等によりつまらないようにその入口付近にフィルター等を設置することが好ましい。また、初期降雨水排出口とは別に、装置内の清掃ができるように掃除口を設けておくことが好ましい。
【0020】
図3には、本発明の初期降雨水排除装置に接続しうる濾過装置の一実施形態の断面図を示す。また、図4には、初期降雨水排除装置と濾過装置が一体となった雨水利用システム(貯留槽は図示せず)の一実施形態の斜視図を示す。この場合、初期降雨水排除装置1に接続された外部槽である濾過装置8へと誘導される雨水は、濾過装置8内のフィルター層9下部から上部へ向かって通過し、浄化される。フィルター層9は支持部材10により支持・固定されている。このように、雨水の流れを下から上とすることで、通常の上から下へ通過させるタイプのフィルター層ではフィルターに付着するであろう塵や埃の大半が、単に濾過装置底部に留まることになる。勿論、この底部に留まり蓄積された塵や埃は除去する必要があるが、フィルターの掃除や交換といった作業と比較すれば容易である。
【0021】
濾過装置のフィルター層に用いるフィルターとしては、特に制限されず、従来公知のものでよいが、好ましくは、シラスフィルター用いる。シラスとは南九州に広く分布する火山噴出物の一種であり、マグマの主成分であるSiO2、Ai2O3、Fe2O3、FeO、MgO、CaO、Na2O、K2O等が互いに集まり鉱物として晶出し、その後ほどなく爆発的に噴出して形成されたものである。本発明に用いることのできるシラスフィルターとしては、雨水がシラスと接触しつつ濾過される構造もしくは形態のものであればよく、特に限定されないが、例えば、粒径が3〜10mm程度のシラス自体を結合材ともに混合して層状に成型したもの、従来公知のフィルタにシラスを結合させてなるもの、または粒径が5〜20mm程度のシラスをそのままフィルター層となる部分に詰めたものなどが挙げられる。上記いずれの場合もシラスが本来有する脱臭および殺菌作用により、カビの発生、悪臭・異臭を抑えることができ、さらには、合成樹脂等の接着剤を使用しない天然素材のみからなるため、環境や人体にやさしいフィルターを提供することが可能である。また、フィルター層を支持・固定する支持部としては、水を通し、かつフィルター層を支持、固定することができれば特にその材質、形状を問わない。
【0022】
濾過装置8により浄化された雨水は、貯留槽に誘導され貯留される。貯留槽は任意容量のタンクを必要な備蓄水量に応じて、複数基連結して構成され、好ましくは地下または地中に設置されるものである。また、最終段となる貯留槽にはその最上部にオーバーフロー用の排水管等を備えることが好ましい。
【0023】
本発明の雨水利用システムには、上記の他に殺菌等を行う殺菌槽、pH調整を行う槽、上記濾過装置に備わるフィルターより細かいフィルターを有する濾過装置等の浄化・水質調整設備や貯留槽に貯まった雨水を利用するための揚水ポンプ等をさらに設けてもよく、これらは、例えば、洗車、打ち水、園芸等の雑用水、トイレ用水、洗濯水、浴用水、炊事用水等の生活用水、または防火用水などの雨水の利用形態に応じて適宜、システム内に組み込めばよい。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明の初期降雨水排除装置によれば、電気エネルギーを消耗する各種制御装置を使用することなく、簡易な機構により初期降雨水を排除することができるため、製造や設置にかかるコスト、さらにはランニングコストをも低減することが可能であり、また、設置場所に関しては、電源設備がない、もしくは電源を供給することが困難な場所、大型な設備を設置できない場所にも好適であり、さらには、既存の雨樋等にも容易に取り付け、設置することが可能である。また、本発明の初期降雨水排除装置を用いた雨水利用システムによれば、フィルター目づまりの生じにくい濾過装置をさらに備えることで、システムの定期的なメンテナンスやそれに伴うコストを低減することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の初期降雨水排除装置の一形態を示す断面図。
【図2】本発明の初期降雨水排除装置内にあるフロート弁の具体例を示す断面図。
【図3】本発明の雨水利用システムに用いる濾過装置の一形態を示す断面図。
【図4】本発明の初期降雨水排除装置と濾過装置が一体となった装置の一形態を示す斜視図。
【符号の説明】
1 初期降雨水排除装置(集水路一体型)
2 初期降雨水貯留槽
3 フロート弁
4 初期降雨水流入口
5 初期降雨水排出口(フィルター付逆U字管タイプ)
6 集水路
7 フロート弁支持部材
8 濾過装置
9 フィルター層
10 フィルター層支持部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an initial rainwater draining device for easily removing initial rainwater containing a large amount of pollutants and effectively using rainwater, and a rainwater utilization system using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many devices have been known so far to effectively use rainwater as water for daily use and water for daily use, and the applicant of the present application has applied for a patent relating to a rainwater utilization method for buildings and a rainwater utilization system for buildings as disclosed in Patent Document 1. ing.
[0003]
Such devices mainly include filtration devices for removing pollutants contained in rainwater, sterilization devices for sterilizing rainwater, storage tanks for storing rainwater, and for controlling the water level and pH of stored rainwater. Various sensors and the like are provided, and the stored rainwater can be used, for example, as water for daily use such as car washing, watering of flowers, and toilet water.
[0004]
By the way, one of the important points in designing and manufacturing such an apparatus for using rainwater is a method for treating initial rainwater, which is rainwater that has been about 2-3 mm after starting to fall. In other words, the initial rainwater contains a large amount of various pollutants such as dust, dust, bird droppings and pollen adhering to the roof surface. This is likely to occur, and the maintenance of the replacement of the filter, the cleaning of the filtration device, and the cost burden associated with this increase.
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, a rainwater utilization device provided with a control device that excludes a predetermined amount or time of initial rainwater has been proposed in the following Utility Model Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2. According to this, since the initial rainwater containing a large amount of pollutants can be eliminated, the maintenance of the filter and the associated cost burden can be reduced.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-167813 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-104294 A [Utility Model Literature 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-12562
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the device for removing the initial rainwater as described in the utility model document 1 is provided with a control device or the like interlocked with a water level sensor or a timer, and it is expensive to manufacture the device. It is essential to supply power. In addition, since the device of Patent Document 2 operates without power using natural energy, it does not require power supply, but the number of parts required for the control device for the switching valve that switches the rainwater flow path is high, resulting in high costs. is there.
[0008]
In addition, in the rainwater utilization system, the burden on the filter of the filtration device can be surely reduced by integrating it with the device that removes the initial rainfall, but the general filtration device simply flows the incoming rainwater by gravity. It is a type that purifies by passing the filter from top to bottom, and with such a structure, there is a problem that filter clogging is likely to occur due to dust and dust that could not be excluded by the device that excludes initial rainwater. It will remain.
[0009]
In view of the above, the present invention provides an initial rainwater drainage device that can exclude initial rainwater by a simple mechanism without using various control devices that consume electric energy, and the initial rainwater drainage device and filter. An object of the present invention is to provide a rainwater utilization system including at least a filtration device and a storage tank in which clogging hardly occurs.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is an initial rainwater storage tank having an initial rainwater inlet and an initial rainwater discharge port, and is positioned below the initial rainwater inlet and floats on the surface of the rainwater stored in the initial rainwater storage tank. An initial rainwater draining device comprising at least a float valve that opens and closes an initial rainwater inlet according to the water surface height is provided.
[0011]
Further, the present invention is an initial rainwater storage tank having an initial rainwater inlet and an initial rainwater discharge port, and positioned at a lower part of the initial rainwater inlet and floats on the surface of the rainwater stored in the initial rainwater storage tank. An initial rainwater drainage device comprising at least a float valve that opens and closes the initial rainwater inlet according to the height of the water surface, and a filter layer in the interior, and the rainwater flowing in through the initial rainwater drainage device is disposed below the filter layer A rainwater utilization system characterized by comprising at least a filtration device that purifies rainwater by passing it from the top to the top, and a storage tank for storing rainwater purified by the filtration device.
[0012]
According to the initial rainwater drainage device of the present invention, the initial rainwater containing a large amount of pollutants can be eliminated by a simple mechanism without using a control device that consumes electrical energy. Installation costs and running costs can be reduced, and the installation location can be reduced to places where there is no power supply facilities, where it is difficult to supply power, or where large-scale equipment cannot be installed. Furthermore, it can be easily attached and installed on an existing rain gutter or the like. In addition, the filtering device connected to the initial rainwater draining device is a type in which the rainwater to be purified is passed through the filter from the bottom to the top, so that the filter unit can be compared with the conventional type that passes from the top to the bottom. It becomes possible to provide a rainwater utilization system in which clogging is unlikely to occur.
[0013]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (an integrated water collecting channel) of the initial rainwater draining apparatus of the present invention. The rainwater that began to rain and gathered through the gutters from buildings such as the roof of the house, the rooftop of the building, and the highway was first installed in the middle through the catchment channel 6 connected to the gutters etc. It flows into the initial rainwater storage tank 2 from the initial rainwater inlet 4.
[0015]
The initial rainwater draining device of the present invention is a type in which the initial rainwater inlet is directly connected to an existing rain gutter, or a water collection channel is integrated with the initial rain water storage tank. There is a type that is built in and installed (integrated water collecting channel). The initial rainwater storage tank temporarily stores initial rainwater, and the shape and size thereof may be appropriately determined according to the water collection area such as the roof surface. Also, the size, number, position, and the like of the initial rainwater inlet may be determined as appropriate in consideration of various conditions, and are not limited. Furthermore, in order to prevent relatively large garbage flowing along with rainwater from the roof surface from entering the initial rainwater draining device, it is preferable to install a conventionally known net or filter in the rain gutter.
[0016]
Then, when the inflow of initial rainwater approaches a predetermined amount in the initial rainwater storage tank 2, the float valve 3 positioned below the initial rainwater inlet 4 floats on the surface of the stored initial rainwater, and thereafter Ascending, the initial rainwater storage tank 2 becomes full, and simultaneously the initial rainwater inlet 4 is closed.
[0017]
The float valve 3 is positioned below the initial rainwater inflow port by the support member 7 so as to be able to move up and down following the water surface of the stored initial rainwater. It is possible to do. The shape of the float valve is not particularly limited as long as it has a size and shape sufficient to block the initial rainwater inlet. The material is not particularly limited as long as it floats in water and is not water permeable. However, in view of durability against water, cost, and the like, plastic such as polystyrene is preferable. FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a specific example of the float valve positioned at the lower part of the initial rainwater inlet, but of course it is not limited to this, and various forms utilizing the principle of the present invention are adopted. can do.
[0018]
The rainwater after the initial rainwater inlet 4 is blocked by the float valve 3 does not flow into the initial rainwater storage tank 2 but can be connected to the initial rainwater drainage apparatus 1, a sterilization tank, and a storage tank. To the external tank.
[0019]
On the other hand, the initial rainwater stored in the initial rainwater storage tank 2 is appropriately discharged from the initial rainwater discharge port 5. The shape of the initial rainwater discharge port 5, the discharge method, and the like are not particularly limited, but when discharging manually, it is performed after the rain has stopped. Preferably, the shape is an inverted U-shaped tube as shown in FIG. 1, and rainwater is automatically discharged using the principle of siphon. However, in this case, a structure in which the amount of rainwater discharged from the outlet per unit time is smaller than the amount of rainwater flowing in from the initial rainwater inlet per unit time in the case of rain (for example, the pipe hole diameter is reduced). It is necessary to be a small one of about 3 to 5 mm. According to this, during the rain, when the water surface of the initial rainwater reaches the top of the inverted U-shaped pipe, the initial rainwater at the beginning of storage automatically begins to be discharged according to the principle of siphon. Since it is slow, the stored initial rainwater raises its water level while being discharged, and the rainwater inlet 4 is blocked by the float valve 3 and can maintain its state. When the inflow of rainwater ceases after the end of the rain, almost all of the stored initial rainwater is discharged, making it possible to prepare for the next rain. In addition, it is preferable to install a filter or the like in the vicinity of the entrance so that the inverted U-shaped tube is not clogged with dust. In addition to the initial rainwater discharge port, it is preferable to provide a cleaning port so that the inside of the apparatus can be cleaned.
[0020]
In FIG. 3, sectional drawing of one Embodiment of the filtration apparatus which can be connected to the initial rainwater drainage apparatus of this invention is shown. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a rainwater utilization system (a storage tank is not shown) in which the initial rainwater draining device and the filtering device are integrated. In this case, rainwater guided to the filtration device 8 which is an external tank connected to the initial rainwater draining device 1 passes from the lower part of the filter layer 9 in the filtration device 8 toward the upper part and is purified. The filter layer 9 is supported and fixed by a support member 10. In this way, by making the rainwater flow from bottom to top, most of the dust and dirt that would adhere to the filter in the normal filter layer that passes from top to bottom simply stays at the bottom of the filtration device. become. Of course, it is necessary to remove dust and dirt accumulated at the bottom, but this is easier compared to operations such as cleaning and replacement of the filter.
[0021]
The filter used for the filter layer of the filtration device is not particularly limited and may be a conventionally known filter, but a shirasu filter is preferably used. Shirasu is a type of volcanic eruption widely distributed in southern Kyushu. The main components of magma are SiO 2 , Ai 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , FeO, MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, etc. Are gathered together and crystallized as minerals, and soon after explosive eruptions were formed. The shirasu filter that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure or form in which rainwater is filtered while in contact with the shirasu. For example, a shirasu itself having a particle size of about 3 to 10 mm is used. Examples include a mixture formed with a binder and molded into a layered shape, a shirasu bonded to a conventionally known filter, or a shirasu having a particle size of about 5 to 20 mm, which is directly packed in a portion to be a filter layer. . In any of the above cases, the deodorizing and bactericidal action inherent to Shirasu can suppress the generation of mold, malodors and odors, and since it consists only of natural materials that do not use adhesives such as synthetic resins, the environment and human body It is possible to provide a gentle filter. Moreover, as a support part which supports and fixes a filter layer, the material and the shape are not particularly limited as long as water can be passed through and the filter layer can be supported and fixed.
[0022]
Rainwater purified by the filtration device 8 is guided and stored in a storage tank. The storage tank is configured by connecting a plurality of tanks of an arbitrary capacity according to the required amount of stored water, and is preferably installed underground or underground. Moreover, it is preferable to equip the uppermost part with the overflow drain pipe etc. in the storage tank used as the last stage.
[0023]
In addition to the above, the rainwater utilization system of the present invention includes a sterilization tank for sterilization, a tank for pH adjustment, a purification / water quality adjustment facility such as a filtration apparatus having a finer filter than the filter provided in the filtration apparatus, and a storage tank. There may be further provided a pump for use of stored rainwater, such as water for daily use such as car wash, water hitting, gardening, toilet water, washing water, bath water, cooking water, or What is necessary is just to incorporate in a system suitably according to the utilization form of rainwater, such as water for fire prevention.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the initial rainwater drainage device of the present invention, since it is possible to exclude the initial rainwater by a simple mechanism without using various control devices that consume electric energy, the cost for manufacturing and installation, The running cost can also be reduced, and the installation location is suitable for places where there is no power supply facilities, where it is difficult to supply power, or where large-scale equipment cannot be installed. It can be easily installed and installed on existing rain gutters. In addition, according to the rainwater utilization system using the initial rainfall drainage device of the present invention, it is possible to further reduce the periodic maintenance of the system and the costs associated therewith by further including a filtration device that is less likely to cause filter clogging. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an initial rainwater draining device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific example of a float valve in the initial rainwater draining device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a filtration device used in the rainwater utilization system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a device in which the initial rainwater draining device and the filtering device of the present invention are integrated.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Initial rainwater drainage device (integrated water collecting channel)
2 Initial rainwater storage tank 3 Float valve 4 Initial rainwater inlet 5 Initial rainwater outlet (reverse U-tube type with filter)
6 Water Collection Channel 7 Float Valve Support Member 8 Filtration Device 9 Filter Layer 10 Filter Layer Support Member

Claims (4)

初期降雨水流入口と逆U字管形状である初期降雨水排出口とを有する初期降雨水貯留槽、および
前記初期降雨水流入口下部に位置決めされ、前記初期降雨水貯留槽に貯留された雨水の水面に浮かぶと、その水面高さによって前記初期降雨水流入口の開閉を行うフロート弁、
を少なくとも備える初期降雨水排除装置であって、
前記逆U字管は、降雨時、貯留初期降雨水の水面が該逆U字管最上部に達すると、単位時間あたりの初期降雨水流入量より少ない量で貯留初期降雨水を排出し始めることを特徴とする、初期降雨水排除装置。
An initial rainwater storage tank having an initial rainwater inlet and an initial rainwater discharge port having an inverted U-shaped pipe, and a surface of rainwater stored in the initial rainwater storage tank, positioned below the initial rainwater inlet A float valve that opens and closes the initial rainwater inlet according to the height of the water surface,
An initial rainwater drainage device comprising at least
The reverse U-shaped pipe starts to discharge the stored initial rainwater in an amount smaller than the initial rainwater inflow per unit time when the initial rainwater level reaches the top of the reverse U-shaped pipe during rainfall. An initial rainwater drainage device characterized by
前記逆U字管の穴径が3〜5mmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の初期降雨水排除装置。  The initial rainwater draining device according to claim 1, wherein a hole diameter of the inverted U-shaped tube is in a range of 3 to 5 mm. 請求項1または2に記載の初期降雨水排除装置、
フィルター層を内部に備え、前記初期降雨水排除装置を経て流入してくる雨水を前記フィルター層下部から上部へと通過させることで雨水の浄化を行う濾過装置、および
前記濾過装置により浄化された雨水を貯留するための貯留槽、
を少なくとも備えることを特徴とする雨水利用システム。
The initial rainwater drainage device according to claim 1 or 2,
A filtration device that includes a filter layer therein and that passes through the initial rainwater drainage device and passes rainwater flowing from the lower part to the upper part of the filter layer, and a rainwater purified by the filtration device. A storage tank for storing
A rainwater utilization system comprising at least
前記フィルター層がシラスフィルターであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の雨水利用システム。  The rainwater utilization system according to claim 3, wherein the filter layer is a shirasu filter.
JP2002301666A 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Initial rainwater drain device and rainwater utilization system using the same Expired - Lifetime JP3799005B2 (en)

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CN104878831B (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-09-14 安徽绿建科技有限公司 The electronic flow abandoning apparatus of time type rainwater
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