JP3795004B2 - Panoramic imaging lens - Google Patents

Panoramic imaging lens Download PDF

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JP3795004B2
JP3795004B2 JP2002321249A JP2002321249A JP3795004B2 JP 3795004 B2 JP3795004 B2 JP 3795004B2 JP 2002321249 A JP2002321249 A JP 2002321249A JP 2002321249 A JP2002321249 A JP 2002321249A JP 3795004 B2 JP3795004 B2 JP 3795004B2
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lens
light
light incident
incident surface
panoramic imaging
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JP2004157241A (en
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貞 土肥
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株式会社立山アールアンドディ
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、360°の視界を環状の画像として撮像することができるパノラマ撮像レンズに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−284179
【特許文献2】
特開2002−169236
従来、360°の視界を一度に撮像できるパノラマ撮像レンズとして、特許文献1,2に開示されたレンズがあった。このパノラマ撮像レンズ1は、図3に示すように、光学ガラスや透明樹脂等の光透過性の素材により、レンズの中心である光軸回りに回転対称に形成されている。そして、パノラマ撮像レンズ1は、360°全周から側方の光が入射する環状の光入射面2と、この光入射面2と隣接し略対向するようにして環状に形成され、レンズ1内へ光を反射する第一反射面3と、光入射面2の環内の中央部に設けられ第一反射面3からの反射光を第一反射面3の環の内側部分に向けて反射する第二反射面4を備える。第一反射面3の環内中央部には、第二反射面4と対向する位置に第二反射面4からの光を透過する光出射面5が形成されている。光入射面2は側方に膨らんだ凸レンズ状に形成され、その中心部の第二反射面4は、凹面状に形成されレンズ1の内面側が凸面鏡状の反射面となっている。また、光入射面2に隣接した第一反射面3も、側方に膨らんだ凸面状に形状され、レンズ1の内面側が第二反射面4の方向を向いた環状の凹面鏡の反射面となっている。光出射面5は、適宜凹面や凸面または平面状に形成されている。
【0003】
このパノラマ撮像レンズ1を用いたパノラマ撮像システムは、図3に示すように、パノラマ撮像レンズ1とその光軸上に設けられた結像用のリレーレンズ6とを保持したレンズホルダ11、及び図示しないケース等から成るパノラマ撮像アダプタ10と、このパノラマ撮像アダプタ10が取り付けられるビデオカメラ等の撮像装置8からなる。撮像装置8は、像を捉える対物レンズ系9と、その結像位置に設けられたCCD等の撮像素子7、その他図示しない必要な制御部等から成る。パノラマ撮像レンズ1により捉えられた360°のパノラマ風景13の画像は、撮像装置8の撮像素子7により電気信号に変換されて、液晶やCRT等の各種モニタ装置14に映し出される。
【0004】
このパノラマ撮像レンズ1は、図3に示すようにレンズホルダ11により、パノラマ撮像レンズ1の第一反射面3とその端縁部を保持するようにして固定されている。また、特許文献2に開示されているように、パノラマ撮像レンズ1の光入射面2と第一反射面3との境界部分に鍔状の支持部を延出させ、第一反射面3と光出射面5の境界にリング状の凸部を形成しこの凸部端面にネジ穴等の連結部を形成したものも提案されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の技術の場合、パノラマ撮像レンズ1は広角の画角を有することが特徴であるため、レンズホルダ11の保持端縁11aによる画角の制限を最小限とするため、レンズホルダ11の保持端縁11aは光入射面2に僅かに掛かる程度ととし、側面も斜めに形成して極力画角を遮らないようにしている。従って、パノラマ撮像レンズ1自体の保持が難しく、不安定なものとなりやすいものであった。またこのパノラマ撮像レンズ1の保持面が第一反射面3となるため、曲面による保持となり、正確な位置決めができずレンズの光軸合わせが難しいものであった。
【0006】
また特許文献2のようにレンズの側周面に支持部を形成することにより、レンズホルダへの固定が容易となるが、この鍔状の支持部により固定しても、レンズホルダ11の保持端縁11aとの当接面での僅かな誤差が光軸のずれになり、正確にリレーレンズ等との光軸をそろえることが難しいものであった。
【0007】
この発明は、上記従来の技術の問題点に鑑みて成されたもので、簡単な構造で、確実にレンズの位置決めが可能であり、正確に光軸合わせをすることができるパノラマ撮像レンズを提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、光学ガラスや透明樹脂等の光透過性の素材により形成され、レンズ中心の光軸回りに回転対称に形成され、360°全周から側方の光が入射可能に膨らんで略凸レンズ状に形成された環状の光入射面と、この光入射面と互いに略対向するように環状に形成され外方に膨らんだ形状に形成されこのレンズ内へ光を反射するように凹面鏡状に形成された第一反射面と、上記光入射面の環内の中央部に設けられ上記第一反射面からの反射光を上記第一反射面の環の内側部分に向けて反射する凸面鏡状の第二反射面と、上記第一反射面の環内中央部に位置し上記第二反射面と対向して上記第二反射面からの光を透過する光出射面とを備えたパノラマ撮像レンズであって、上記光入射面と第一反射面との間に形成された側周面に所定の幅があり、上記光入射面の外径は上記第一反射面の外径よりも大きく、上記第一反射面の外径から続いて上記光入射面の外径よりも小さい外径の円筒状の小径部が上記側周面に形成され、この小径部がこのレンズを保持するレンズホルダの保持筒部に嵌合して位置決め保持されているパノラマ撮像レンズである。
【0009】
さらに、上記側周面に上記小径部の光入射面側の端部から円錐状に、上記光入射面の外縁部に続くテーパー部が形成されている。上記小径部は、ほぼ上記第一光反射部の外径と等しい。また、上記小径部の側周面は、このレンズの光軸と略平行に形成されている。
【0010】
また、上記側周面にこの小径部の光入射面側の端部からこのレンズの光軸に対して直角な面の環状部が形成され、この環状部の外縁部が上記第一光入射面続いているものでも良い。
【0011】
この発明の上記側周面は、光を吸収して反射しない黒若しくは暗色に形成され、若しくは光を乱反射して特定方向に正反射しないように粗面に形成され、またはこれらを組み合わせたものである。この側周面の位置は、上記光入射面に入射し屈折してレンズ内を進む正規の撮像光のレンズ内の光路と一致するように、光入射面でレンズ内からレンズ内へ一部内面反射されるノイズ光のレンズ内の光路であって、上記光入射面に向かう光路上に位置し、光を正反射させない非反射部として形成されているものである。
【0012】
この発明のパノラマ撮像レンズは、側周面の小径部でレンズホルダに保持させ、レンズの位置決めと固定を正確に行わせることができるものである。また、側周面は、ノイズ光の非反射部として機能している。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下この発明の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。図1はこの発明の一実施形態を示すもので、この実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20は、光学ガラスやレンズ用の透明樹脂等で形成され、レンズ中心の光軸回りに回転対称に形成されている。パノラマ撮像レンズ20は、360°の視界を一度に撮像できるように360°全周から側方の光が入射する環状の光入射面22を備える。光入射面22は、側方に膨らんだ凸レンズ状に形成されている。この光入射面22に対して所定の間隔を隔てて、光入射面22から入射した光をレンズ20内へ反射する環状の第一反射面23が形成されている。環状の光入射面22の環内中央部には、第一反射面23からの反射光を第一反射面23の環の内側部分に向けて反射する第二反射面24が設けられている。第一反射面23は側方に膨らんだ凸面状に形状され、第一反射面23のレンズ20内面側が、第二反射面24の方向を向いた環状の凹面鏡の反射面となっている。第二反射面24は、凹面状に形成されレンズ20の内面側が凸面鏡状の反射面となっている。そして、環状の第一反射面23の環内中央部には、第二反射面24と対向する位置に、第二反射面24からの光を透過する光出射面25が形成されている。
【0014】
光入射面22、第一光反射面23、及び第二光反射面24の各表面形状は、光入射面22から入射した360°のパノラマ画像が、光出射面25を経て得られるように、球面または適宜の式で設定される非球面形状に形成されている。光出射面25は、光学系に合わせて凹面、凸面または平面状に形成される。
【0015】
このパノラマ撮像レンズ20は、光入射面22と第一反射面23との間が所定の間隔がありその側周面30は所定の幅で設けられている。そして、光入射面22の外径は第一反射面23の外径よりも大きく、第一反射面23の外径端縁部から続いて、光入射面22の外径よりも小さい外径の円筒状に、側周面30の小径部32が形成されている。円筒状の小径部32の周面は、このパノラマ撮像レンズ20の光軸と平行に形成されている。さらに、側周面30には、この小径部32の光入射面22側の端部から円錐状に、光入射面22の外縁部に続くテーパー部34が形成されている。テーパー部34の光入射面22側端部は、このレンズの光軸と直交する面に位置して全周に亘って広がった支持フランジ部36が形成されている。この支持フランジ部36の外周縁部が光入射面22の外径とほぼ等しく形成されている。支持フランジ部36の外周縁部と光入射面22の外周縁部との間には、幅狭の被保持部38が全周に亘って形成されている。
【0016】
このパノラマ撮像レンズ20は、円筒状の小径部32がレンズホルダ40の保持筒部42に嵌合し、正確に軸合わせがなされて位置決め可能に設けられている。レンズホルダ40は、保持筒部42の一端部からテーパー状に広がった開角部44が設けられ、この開角部44にパノラマ撮像レンズ20のテーパー部34が位置し、開角部44の開口端部46の端面46aが、このレンズの光軸と直交する面上に位置し、パノラマ撮像レンズ20の支持フランジ部36の当接面36aに当接して正確に位置決めされる。開口端部46の外周面には雄ねじが形成され、この雄ねじに螺合する雌ねじを有した抑え環部材50により、このパノラマ撮像レンズ20が保持される。この保持は、抑え環部材50の内周面が、被保持部38に当接して、支持フランジ部36の当接面36aを開口端部46の端面46aに押しつけて固定する。
【0017】
この実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20の側周面30は、光を吸収して反射しない黒若しくは暗色に形成された吸光部、若しくは光を乱反射して特定方向に正反射しないように粗面に形成された乱反射部、またはこれらを組み合わせたものであり、適宜用途により選択される。そして、この側周面30は、光入射面22に入射し屈折してレンズ内を進む正規の撮像光のレンズ内の光路と一致するように、光入射面22でレンズ内からレンズ内へ一部内面反射されるノイズ光のレンズ内の光路であって、光入射面22に向かう光路上に位置し、光を正反射させない非反射部として形成されている。
【0018】
この実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20の製造は、光学ガラスの場合は所定の厚みの形状に形成後、側周面30を削る。その後この側周面30を保持して、光入射面22、第一反射面23、第二反射面24、光出射面25を研磨し、第一反射面23、第二反射面24の表面に光反射膜としての金属薄膜を真空蒸着等により形成する。また、その前または後に、側周面30を非反射部とするため、必要に応じて適宜粗面加工し、黒色または暗色に表面を被覆する処理を行う。
【0019】
また、パノラマ撮像レンズ20が樹脂レンズの場合、このパノラマ撮像レンズ20の形状の金型に透明樹脂を射出して一体に形成する。この後、光学ガラスの場合と同様に、第一反射面23、第二反射面24の表面に光反射膜としての金属薄膜を真空蒸着等により形成し、その前または後に、側周面を非反射部として、適宜粗面加工し、黒色または暗色に表面を被覆する処理を行う。
【0020】
この実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20も、図3に示すようなパノラマ撮像システムに用いられるもので、パノラマ撮像アダプタ10に設けられ、ビデオカメラ等の撮像装置8を介して360°のパノラマ撮像を可能とする。
【0021】
この実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20は、その側周面30の小径部32により、レンズホルダ40に対して安定に且つ正確に保持させることができ、しかも、抑え環部材50の内周面が、パノラマ撮像レンズ20の被保持部38に当接して、支持フランジ部36の当接面36aをレンズホルダ40の開口端部46の端面46aに強く押しつけ、より正確に位置決めすることができる。また、側周面30による非反射部により、フレアやゴーストの原因となるノイズ光の光入射面22での反射光をなくし、撮像画像の品質を向上させることができる。
【0022】
次にこの発明の他の実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズ20について、図2を基にして説明する。ここで上記実施形態と同様の部材は同一符号を付して説明を省略する。この実施形態では、パノラマ撮像レンズ20のテーパー部34が直角に全周に亘って切除されて切除部54が形成されたものである。これにより、側周面30には、小径部32の光入射面22側の端部から、このレンズの光軸に対して直角な面の環状部56が形成され、この環状部56の外縁部が、幅狭のテーパー部34を経て、支持フランジ部36の当接面36aに繋がっている。この切除部54も暗色または黒色で、適宜梨地状に形成された非反射部であり、レンズ内を通過する撮像光の妨げとはならない位置に形成されている。
【0023】
この実施形態によっても上記と同様の効果を得ることができ、テーパー部34が短いのでレンズ加工がより容易である。また、テーパー部34が設けられていないものでも良く、適宜の形状に設計し得る。
【0024】
なお、この発明のパノラマ撮像レンズは、上記実施形態に限らず、各部の形状や比率は適宜設定可能なものであり、側周面の小径部以外の部分の形状や、非反射部の位置や形状、被覆材料は、上記各実施形態に限らず、適宜設定可能なものである。例えば、小径部は、樹脂レンズの場合、抜きテーパーが必要であるので、光軸に対して僅かにテーパーを有するが、ほぼ平行なものとすることができる。また、意図的に所定の傾斜のテーパーを小径部に付けて、レンズホルダーに強固に嵌合するようにしても良い。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
この発明のパノラマ撮像レンズによれば、パノラマ撮像レンズの光軸合わせや位置決めが容易であり、組み立ても簡単なものとすることができる。また、側周面を利用して、フレアやゴーストの原因となるノイズ光を確実に抑え、撮像画像の品質を向上させることができる。これにより、各種監視カメラ等の撮像精度を上げ、暗い場所や複雑な画像においても良好な撮像を可能とし、画像処理等も容易なものにすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズを示す断面図である。
【図2】この発明の他の実施形態のパノラマ撮像レンズを示す断面図である。
【図3】この発明のパノラマ撮像レンズの原理を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
20 パノラマ撮像レンズ
22 光入射面
23 第一反面
24 第二反射面
25 光出射面
30 側周面
32 小径部
34 テーパー部
36 支持フランジ部
40 レンズホルダ
42 保持筒部
44 開角部
46 開口端部
50 抑え環部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a panoramic imaging lens capable of capturing a 360 ° field of view as an annular image.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-284179 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-169236 A
Conventionally, there have been lenses disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as panoramic imaging lenses capable of imaging a 360 ° field of view at a time. As shown in FIG. 3, the panoramic imaging lens 1 is formed rotationally symmetrically around the optical axis, which is the center of the lens, by a light-transmitting material such as optical glass or transparent resin. The panoramic imaging lens 1 is formed in an annular shape so as to be adjacent to and substantially opposite to the annular light incident surface 2 on which lateral light is incident from the entire 360 ° circumference. The first reflection surface 3 that reflects light toward the center and the center of the light incident surface 2 in the ring reflects the reflected light from the first reflection surface 3 toward the inner portion of the ring of the first reflection surface 3. A second reflecting surface 4 is provided. A light emitting surface 5 that transmits light from the second reflecting surface 4 is formed at a position facing the second reflecting surface 4 at the center in the ring of the first reflecting surface 3. The light incident surface 2 is formed in a convex lens shape that bulges laterally, and the second reflecting surface 4 at the center thereof is formed in a concave shape, and the inner surface side of the lens 1 is a convex mirror-like reflecting surface. The first reflecting surface 3 adjacent to the light incident surface 2 is also formed in a convex shape that bulges to the side, and becomes the reflecting surface of an annular concave mirror in which the inner surface side of the lens 1 faces the second reflecting surface 4. ing. The light emitting surface 5 is appropriately formed in a concave surface, a convex surface, or a planar shape.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 3, the panorama image pickup system using the panorama image pickup lens 1 includes a lens holder 11 that holds the panorama image pickup lens 1 and an image forming relay lens 6 provided on the optical axis thereof. A panoramic imaging adapter 10 including a case and the like, and an imaging device 8 such as a video camera to which the panoramic imaging adapter 10 is attached. The imaging device 8 includes an objective lens system 9 that captures an image, an imaging device 7 such as a CCD provided at the imaging position, and other necessary control units (not shown). An image of the 360 ° panoramic landscape 13 captured by the panoramic imaging lens 1 is converted into an electrical signal by the imaging device 7 of the imaging device 8 and displayed on various monitor devices 14 such as liquid crystal and CRT.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 3, the panoramic imaging lens 1 is fixed by a lens holder 11 so as to hold the first reflecting surface 3 of the panoramic imaging lens 1 and its edge. Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a bowl-shaped support portion is extended to the boundary portion between the light incident surface 2 and the first reflective surface 3 of the panoramic imaging lens 1, and the first reflective surface 3 and the light There has also been proposed a method in which a ring-shaped convex portion is formed at the boundary of the emission surface 5 and a connecting portion such as a screw hole is formed on the end surface of the convex portion.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the above conventional technique, the panoramic imaging lens 1 is characterized by having a wide angle of view. Therefore, in order to minimize the restriction of the angle of view by the holding edge 11a of the lens holder 11, the lens holder 11 is held. The edge 11a is set so as to slightly touch the light incident surface 2, and the side surface is also formed obliquely so as not to block the angle of view as much as possible. Therefore, it is difficult to hold the panoramic imaging lens 1 itself, and it is likely to be unstable. Further, since the holding surface of the panoramic imaging lens 1 is the first reflecting surface 3, it is held by a curved surface, and accurate positioning cannot be performed and it is difficult to align the optical axis of the lens.
[0006]
Further, by forming a support portion on the side peripheral surface of the lens as in Patent Document 2, the lens holder 11 can be easily fixed to the lens holder. A slight error in the contact surface with the edge 11a results in a shift of the optical axis, and it is difficult to accurately align the optical axis with the relay lens or the like.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a panoramic imaging lens capable of positioning the lens with a simple structure and reliably aligning the optical axis. The purpose is to do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is made of a light-transmitting material such as optical glass or transparent resin, is formed rotationally symmetrically around the optical axis at the center of the lens, and swells so that side light can enter from the entire circumference of 360 ° to be a substantially convex lens. An annular light incident surface formed in a shape and an annular shape formed so as to be substantially opposite to the light incident surface and formed in a bulging outward shape, and formed in a concave mirror shape so as to reflect light into the lens And a convex mirror-shaped first reflecting surface provided at the center of the ring of the light incident surface and reflecting the reflected light from the first reflecting surface toward the inner portion of the ring of the first reflecting surface. A panoramic imaging lens comprising two reflecting surfaces and a light emitting surface that is located in the center of the ring of the first reflecting surface and faces the second reflecting surface and transmits light from the second reflecting surface. A predetermined width on the side circumferential surface formed between the light incident surface and the first reflecting surface. In other words, the outer diameter of the light incident surface is larger than the outer diameter of the first reflecting surface, followed by the outer diameter of the first reflecting surface, and the cylindrical small diameter having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the light incident surface. This is a panoramic imaging lens in which a portion is formed on the side peripheral surface and the small diameter portion is fitted and held in a holding cylinder portion of a lens holder that holds the lens.
[0009]
Further, a tapered portion is formed on the side peripheral surface in a conical shape from an end of the small diameter portion on the light incident surface side, following the outer edge portion of the light incident surface. The small diameter portion is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the first light reflecting portion. Further, the side peripheral surface of the small diameter portion is formed substantially parallel to the optical axis of the lens.
[0010]
Further, an annular portion having a surface perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens is formed on the side peripheral surface from an end of the small diameter portion on the light incident surface side, and an outer edge portion of the annular portion is the first light incident surface. It may be what follows.
[0011]
The side peripheral surface of the present invention is formed in a black or dark color that absorbs light and does not reflect, or is formed in a rough surface so that light is irregularly reflected and is not regularly reflected in a specific direction, or a combination thereof. is there. The position of this side peripheral surface is partially inside from the lens to the lens so that it coincides with the optical path in the lens of the regular imaging light that is incident on the light incident surface and refracts and travels through the lens. An optical path in the lens of the reflected noise light, which is located on the optical path toward the light incident surface and is formed as a non-reflecting portion that does not regularly reflect light.
[0012]
The panoramic imaging lens of the present invention can be held by a lens holder at a small diameter portion on the side peripheral surface, and the lens can be positioned and fixed accurately. Further, the side peripheral surface functions as a non-reflecting part for noise light.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A panoramic imaging lens 20 of this embodiment is formed of optical glass, a transparent resin for a lens, and the like, and is formed rotationally symmetrical around the optical axis at the center of the lens. Yes. The panoramic imaging lens 20 includes an annular light incident surface 22 on which lateral light is incident from the entire 360 ° circumference so that a 360 ° field of view can be captured at a time. The light incident surface 22 is formed in a convex lens shape that swells laterally. An annular first reflecting surface 23 that reflects light incident from the light incident surface 22 into the lens 20 is formed at a predetermined interval from the light incident surface 22. A second reflecting surface 24 that reflects the reflected light from the first reflecting surface 23 toward the inner portion of the ring of the first reflecting surface 23 is provided at the center in the ring of the annular light incident surface 22. The first reflecting surface 23 is formed in a convex shape that bulges laterally, and the inner surface side of the lens 20 of the first reflecting surface 23 is a reflecting surface of an annular concave mirror facing the direction of the second reflecting surface 24. The second reflecting surface 24 is formed in a concave shape, and the inner surface side of the lens 20 is a convex mirror-like reflecting surface. A light emitting surface 25 that transmits light from the second reflecting surface 24 is formed at a position facing the second reflecting surface 24 at the center in the ring of the annular first reflecting surface 23.
[0014]
The surface shapes of the light incident surface 22, the first light reflecting surface 23, and the second light reflecting surface 24 are such that a 360 ° panoramic image incident from the light incident surface 22 is obtained through the light emitting surface 25. It is formed in a spherical shape or an aspheric shape set by an appropriate expression. The light emission surface 25 is formed in a concave surface, a convex surface, or a planar shape according to the optical system.
[0015]
The panoramic imaging lens 20 has a predetermined interval between the light incident surface 22 and the first reflecting surface 23, and the side peripheral surface 30 is provided with a predetermined width. Then, the outer diameter of the light incident surface 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the first reflecting surface 23, and continues from the outer diameter edge of the first reflecting surface 23 and has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the light incident surface 22. A small diameter portion 32 of the side peripheral surface 30 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The circumferential surface of the cylindrical small diameter portion 32 is formed in parallel with the optical axis of the panoramic imaging lens 20. Further, the side circumferential surface 30 is formed with a tapered portion 34 following the outer edge portion of the light incident surface 22 in a conical shape from the end of the small diameter portion 32 on the light incident surface 22 side. The end portion of the tapered portion 34 on the light incident surface 22 side is formed with a support flange portion 36 that is located on a surface orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens and extends over the entire circumference. The outer peripheral edge portion of the support flange portion 36 is formed substantially equal to the outer diameter of the light incident surface 22. Between the outer peripheral edge portion of the support flange portion 36 and the outer peripheral edge portion of the light incident surface 22, a narrow held portion 38 is formed over the entire circumference.
[0016]
The panoramic imaging lens 20 is provided so that a cylindrical small-diameter portion 32 is fitted into a holding cylinder portion 42 of a lens holder 40 so as to be accurately aligned and positioned. The lens holder 40 is provided with an opening angle portion 44 that is tapered from one end portion of the holding cylinder portion 42, and the taper portion 34 of the panoramic imaging lens 20 is located at the opening angle portion 44, and the opening of the opening angle portion 44. The end surface 46a of the end portion 46 is positioned on a surface orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens, and is accurately positioned in contact with the contact surface 36a of the support flange portion 36 of the panoramic imaging lens 20. A male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the opening end 46, and the panoramic imaging lens 20 is held by a holding ring member 50 having a female screw that is screwed into the male screw. In this holding, the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring member 50 comes into contact with the held portion 38, and the contact surface 36 a of the support flange portion 36 is pressed against the end surface 46 a of the opening end portion 46 and fixed.
[0017]
The side peripheral surface 30 of the panoramic imaging lens 20 of this embodiment is formed on a rough surface so that it absorbs light and does not reflect or is formed in black or dark color, or diffusely reflects light and does not regularly reflect in a specific direction. The irregular reflection portion or a combination thereof, which is appropriately selected depending on the application. Then, the side peripheral surface 30 enters the lens from the lens to the lens at the light incident surface 22 so as to coincide with the optical path in the lens of normal imaging light that is incident on the light incident surface 22 and refracts and travels through the lens. It is an optical path in the lens of the noise light reflected on the inner surface of the part, and is located on the optical path toward the light incident surface 22 and is formed as a non-reflecting part that does not regularly reflect light.
[0018]
In manufacturing the panoramic imaging lens 20 of this embodiment, in the case of optical glass, the side peripheral surface 30 is shaved after being formed into a shape with a predetermined thickness. Thereafter, the side peripheral surface 30 is held, and the light incident surface 22, the first reflecting surface 23, the second reflecting surface 24, and the light emitting surface 25 are polished, and the surfaces of the first reflecting surface 23 and the second reflecting surface 24 are polished. A metal thin film as a light reflecting film is formed by vacuum deposition or the like. In addition, before or after that, in order to make the side peripheral surface 30 a non-reflective portion, a roughening process is appropriately performed as necessary to perform a process of covering the surface with black or dark color.
[0019]
When the panoramic imaging lens 20 is a resin lens, a transparent resin is injected into a mold having the shape of the panoramic imaging lens 20 and formed integrally. Thereafter, as in the case of the optical glass, a metal thin film as a light reflecting film is formed on the surfaces of the first reflecting surface 23 and the second reflecting surface 24 by vacuum deposition or the like, and before or after that, the side peripheral surface is made non-coated. As a reflection part, the surface is appropriately roughened and a process of covering the surface with black or dark color is performed.
[0020]
The panoramic imaging lens 20 of this embodiment is also used in a panoramic imaging system as shown in FIG. 3, and is provided in the panoramic imaging adapter 10 so that 360 ° panoramic imaging can be performed via an imaging device 8 such as a video camera. And
[0021]
The panoramic imaging lens 20 of this embodiment can be stably and accurately held with respect to the lens holder 40 by the small-diameter portion 32 of the side peripheral surface 30, and the inner peripheral surface of the restraining ring member 50 is The abutting surface 36a of the support flange portion 36 abuts against the held portion 38 of the panoramic imaging lens 20 and is strongly pressed against the end surface 46a of the opening end portion 46 of the lens holder 40, thereby enabling more accurate positioning. Further, the non-reflecting portion by the side peripheral surface 30 can eliminate the reflected light from the light incident surface 22 of noise light causing flare and ghost, and improve the quality of the captured image.
[0022]
Next, a panoramic imaging lens 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the same members as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the tapered portion 34 of the panoramic imaging lens 20 is cut off at right angles over the entire circumference to form a cutout portion 54. As a result, an annular portion 56 having a surface perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens is formed on the side circumferential surface 30 from the end of the small diameter portion 32 on the light incident surface 22 side, and an outer edge portion of the annular portion 56 is formed. However, it is connected to the contact surface 36 a of the support flange portion 36 through the narrow taper portion 34. The cut portion 54 is also a dark or black non-reflective portion appropriately formed in a satin shape, and is formed at a position that does not hinder the imaging light passing through the lens.
[0023]
According to this embodiment, the same effect as described above can be obtained, and since the tapered portion 34 is short, lens processing is easier. Moreover, the thing in which the taper part 34 is not provided may be sufficient, and it can design to an appropriate shape.
[0024]
The panoramic imaging lens of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape and ratio of each part can be set as appropriate. The shape of the part other than the small-diameter part on the side peripheral surface, The shape and the covering material are not limited to the above embodiments, and can be set as appropriate. For example, in the case of a resin lens, the small-diameter portion needs a drawing taper, and thus has a slight taper with respect to the optical axis, but can be made substantially parallel. In addition, a taper having a predetermined inclination may be intentionally attached to the small diameter portion so that the lens holder is firmly fitted.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the panoramic imaging lens of the present invention, the optical axis alignment and positioning of the panoramic imaging lens are easy, and the assembly can be simplified. In addition, by using the side peripheral surface, it is possible to reliably suppress noise light that causes flare and ghost and improve the quality of the captured image. As a result, the imaging accuracy of various surveillance cameras and the like can be improved, good imaging can be performed even in a dark place or a complex image, and image processing and the like can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a panoramic imaging lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a panoramic imaging lens according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the principle of a panoramic imaging lens of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
20 panoramic imaging lens 22 light incident surface 23 first opposite surface 24 second reflecting surface 25 light emitting surface 30 side peripheral surface 32 small diameter portion 34 taper portion 36 support flange portion 40 lens holder 42 holding cylinder portion 44 opening angle portion 46 opening end portion 50 Retaining ring member

Claims (5)

光透過性の素材により形成され、レンズ中心の光軸回りに回転対称に形成されて、360°全周から側方の光が入射可能に膨らんで略凸レンズ状に形成された環状の光入射面と、この光入射面と互いに略対向するように環状に形成され外方に膨らんだ形状に形成されこのレンズ内へ光を反射するように凹面鏡状に形成された第一反射面と、上記光入射面の環内の中央部に設けられ上記第一反射面からの反射光を上記第一反射面の環の内側部分に向けて反射する凸面鏡状の第二反射面と、上記第一反射面の環内中央部に位置し上記第二反射面と対向して上記第二反射面からの光を透過する光出射面とを備えたパノラマ撮像レンズにおいて、上記光入射面と第一反射面との間に形成された側周面に所定の幅があり、上記光入射面の外径は上記第一反射面の外径よりも大きく、上記第一反射面の外径から続いて上記光入射面の外径よりも小さい外径の円筒状の小径部が上記側周面に形成され、この小径部がこのレンズを保持するレンズホルダの保持筒部に嵌合して位置決め保持されていることを特徴とするパノラマ撮像レンズ。An annular light incident surface formed of a light-transmitting material, formed rotationally symmetrical around the optical axis at the center of the lens, and swelled so that side light can enter from the entire 360 ° circumference, and formed into a substantially convex lens shape A first reflecting surface formed in an annular shape so as to be substantially opposite to the light incident surface and bulging outward, and formed in a concave mirror shape so as to reflect light into the lens, and the light A convex mirror-like second reflecting surface that is provided at the center of the ring of the incident surface and reflects the reflected light from the first reflecting surface toward the inner portion of the ring of the first reflecting surface; and the first reflecting surface A panoramic imaging lens comprising a light exit surface that is located in the center of the ring and faces the second reflection surface and transmits light from the second reflection surface; and the light incident surface and the first reflection surface; The outer peripheral surface of the light incident surface has a predetermined width. A cylindrical small-diameter portion having an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the incident surface and smaller than the outer diameter of the light incident surface is formed on the side peripheral surface following the outer diameter of the first reflecting surface. A panoramic imaging lens, which is fitted and held in a holding cylinder portion of a lens holder that holds the lens. 上記側周面に、上記小径部の光入射面側の端部から円錐状に、上記光入射面の外縁部に続くテーパー部が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のパノラマ撮像レンズ。2. The panoramic imaging according to claim 1, wherein a tapered portion is formed on the side peripheral surface in a conical shape from an end portion on the light incident surface side of the small diameter portion, following the outer edge portion of the light incident surface. lens. 上記小径部の側周面は、このレンズの光軸と略平行に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のパノラマ撮像レンズ。2. The panoramic imaging lens according to claim 1 , wherein a side peripheral surface of the small diameter portion is formed substantially parallel to the optical axis of the lens. 上記側周面に、上記小径部の第一光入射面側の端部からこのレンズの光軸に対して直角な面の環状部が形成され、この環状部の外縁部が上記光入射面に続いていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のパノラマ撮像レンズ。An annular portion having a surface perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens is formed on the side peripheral surface from an end of the small diameter portion on the first light incident surface side, and an outer edge portion of the annular portion is formed on the light incident surface. 2. The panoramic imaging lens according to claim 1, which is continued. 上記側周面は、光を吸収して反射しない黒若しくは暗色に形成され、若しくは光を乱反射して特定方向に正反射しないように粗面に形成され、またはこれらを組み合わせたものであり、この側周面位置は、上記光入射面に入射し屈折してレンズ内を進む撮像光のレンズ内の光路と一致するように、光入射面でレンズ内からレンズ内へ一部内面反射される光のレンズ内の光路であって、上記光入射面に向かう光路上に位置し、光を正反射させない非反射部として形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1,2,3または4記載のパノラマ撮像レンズ。The side peripheral surface is formed in a black or dark color that absorbs light and does not reflect, or is formed in a rough surface so that light is irregularly reflected and is not regularly reflected in a specific direction, or a combination thereof. The side circumferential surface position is a part of the light that is internally reflected from the lens to the lens so that it coincides with the optical path in the lens of the imaging light that is incident on the light incident surface, refracted, and travels through the lens. 5. The optical path in the lens according to claim 1, wherein the optical path is located on the optical path toward the light incident surface, and is formed as a non-reflective portion that does not regularly reflect light. Panoramic imaging lens.
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