JP3790951B2 - Construction method for underwater structures - Google Patents

Construction method for underwater structures Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3790951B2
JP3790951B2 JP13139299A JP13139299A JP3790951B2 JP 3790951 B2 JP3790951 B2 JP 3790951B2 JP 13139299 A JP13139299 A JP 13139299A JP 13139299 A JP13139299 A JP 13139299A JP 3790951 B2 JP3790951 B2 JP 3790951B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cloth bag
underwater
construction method
float
cylindrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP13139299A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2000319845A (en
Inventor
利信 柳沼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyo Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyo Construction Co Ltd filed Critical Toyo Construction Co Ltd
Priority to JP13139299A priority Critical patent/JP3790951B2/en
Publication of JP2000319845A publication Critical patent/JP2000319845A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3790951B2 publication Critical patent/JP3790951B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

Landscapes

  • Revetment (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、流動性を有する水中硬化材料を水中投入して水中構造物を構築する工法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、突堤、防波堤、埋立地内の中仕切り堤等を構築するには、岩ずりや礫などの築堤材料を水中に直接投棄して堆積させる工法が多く採用されていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記した築堤工法によれば、築堤材料を水中に直接投棄するため、堆積部分が断面台形状に拡がって堤体が大断面化し、比較的高価な岩ずりや礫が大量に必要となって、コスト負担が大きくなるという問題があった。
【0004】
なお、築堤材料として土砂を用いることにより、上記したコスト負担を軽減することができるが、この場合は、上記した堤体の大断面化が顕著となり、大水深で規模が大きくなる堤体への適用は、実質不可能となる。
また、鋼矢板やコンクリート矢板を打設してなる矢板壁、あるいは杭に支持させた鋼製型枠により計画築堤領域を囲んで、この中にモルタルやコンクリートあるいは改良土などの水中硬化材料を投入、硬化させて、堤体の小断面化を図ることも一部で行われているが、この場合は、矢板壁や型枠の構築に多大の工数と費用とを要し、根本的な解決には至らない。
【0005】
本発明は、上記した従来の問題点を解決することを課題としてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、岩ずりや礫などの比較的高価な材料を用いることなく、かつ特別の矢板壁や型枠を用いることなく小断面の水中構造物を構築することを可能にし、もって工期短縮やコスト低減に寄与する水中構造物の構築工法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法は、大型の布袋を水底に降ろして、その底部を環状のアンカーにより水底に固定した後、前記布袋の開口端部側を環状のフロートで吊上げて該布袋を円筒形状に展開させ、次に、該布袋の周りを拘束バンドで囲み、該拘束バンドを、前記布袋の底部側から所定のピッチで上昇させて、各上昇位置で、該拘束バンドで囲まれた布袋内領域に流動性を有する水中硬化材料を供給し、順次硬化させて硬化層を積層していくことを特徴とする。
【0008】
上記のように構成した発明においては、フロートから布袋に張力が加えられているので、布袋が、その内部に供給された水中硬化材料の土圧に抵抗し、したがって、水中硬化材料の供給量すなわち堆積厚さを適当に設定することで、布袋は所定の円筒形状を維持し、この水中硬化材料の供給とその硬化待ちとを繰り返すことで、円板状の硬化層が順次積層されて、円柱状水中構造物が完成する。
しかして、本発明においては、布袋の周りを囲む拘束バンドが布袋を外側から補強するので、布袋は土圧に十分に耐え、結果として水中硬化材料の供給量を増やして、各硬化層の厚さを可及的に増大させることができる。
【0009】
上記した本発明において用いる布袋は、透水性を有する構造とするのが望ましく、これにより水中硬化材料の圧密化が進み、構築される水中構造物の強度が向上する。
また、この布袋は、予めその外周面に縦横に縫着したベルトにより補強されている構造とするのが望ましく、これにより布袋に大きな張力を加えることが可能になる。
また、上記アンカーは、陸上で布袋の内底部に配置固定されるようにしてよく、この場合は、水中作業を大幅に省略することができて、布袋の据付作業が著しく向上する。
上記本発明においてはさらに、フロートを水没させ、布袋の開口に臨む領域にトレミー台船を乗入れて、トレミー管を通じて水中硬化材料を供給するようにしてもよく、この場合は、効率よく水中硬化材料を供給することができる。
【0010】
上記した本発明で用いる水中硬化材料の種類は任意であり、モルタルやコンクリートを単独で用いることができることはもちろん、土砂中にセメントや石灰などの硬化材を混入した改良土を用いることができる。改良土を用いる場合は、その主材料としての土砂は浚渫土砂であっても、あるいはシールド工法で発生した土砂であってもよく、コスト的に有利となる。この場合、前記した土砂に硬化材を混入する方法としては、土砂を空気圧送する輸送管中に固化材を供給して混合する管中混合方式、あるいは土砂の輸送元で固化材を混合した後、空気圧送する事前混合方式を採用することができる。また、この改良土には、所望により石炭灰、軽量材等を副材料として混入してもよい。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
図1乃至図9は、本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法の第1の実施の形態を示したものである。本第1の実施の形態は、海底1上に海面に突出する円柱状の水中構造物2(図9)を構築しようとするもので、その構築に際しては、図2に示すように展開することにより有底円筒形状となる大型の布袋3を用意し、先ず、この布袋3を海底1に降ろして、その底部を内側から環状のアンカー4により海底1に固定し(図3)、次に、図1に示すようにこの布袋3の開口端部側を環状のフロート5で吊上げて該布袋3を前記した所定の円筒形状に展開させる。その後、同じく図1に示すように前記布袋3の周りを、流体を封入した可撓性の拘束バンド6で囲み、該拘束バンド6を、布袋3の底部側から所定のピッチで上昇させて、各上昇位置で、拘束バンド6で囲まれた布袋3内の領域に、トレミー台船7からトレミー管8を通じて流動性を有する水中硬化材料9を供給し、これを順次硬化させて、図9に示すように各硬化層10を積層した円柱状の水中構造物2を完成させる。
【0013】
上記布袋3は、ここでは、図2に示すようにその開口端側が裁頭円錐状に絞られており、したがって、正確には有底筒状をなす本体部11と裁頭円錐状をなす絞り部12とを連接した構造となっている。この布袋3は、透水性を有しかつ十分なる引張強さを有する材料、例えばポリエステル繊維シートからなっており、その外周面に逢着した複数の縦ベルト13と横ベルト14とにより補強されている。布袋3の大きさは、一例として、その本体部11の外径D1 が15〜20m、口径D2 が10〜12mとなっており、また、その全高Hは最高潮位に対応する水深L(図1)よりもわずか大きくなるように設定されている。
【0014】
本実施の形態においては、上記のごとく用意した布袋3の内底部に、陸上において前記アンカー4を配置し、予め布袋3とアンカー4とを連結一体化してサブアセンブリ体15(図3)とし、これを、図4に示すように適宜の吊具16を利用して起重機船17で吊って陸上から海上の施工現場まで搬送し、海底1の所定箇所に据付ける。アンカー4は、ここではポリエチレン製のスパイラル管18内にコンクリート19を打設してなるもので(図3)、フロート5の浮力に抗して布袋3の底部を海底1に定着させるに足る十分なる重量を有している。
【0015】
上記サブアセンブリ体15を製作するには、例えば図5に示すように、陸上の平坦地に、布袋3の本体部11の外径D1 と同じ直径を有するピッチ円に外接するように複数の外側土嚢20を所定のピッチで並べた後、これら外側土嚢20の内側に底部3aが拡がるように布袋3をセットする。次に、この布袋3の底部3aの上に前記外側土壌20に内接するように前記スパイラル管18を配置し、さらにこのスパイラル管18の内側に複数の内側土嚢21を所定のピッチで並べて、両土嚢20と21とにより挟むようにしてスパイラル管18を位置固定する。その後、スパイラル管18に予め設けられた複数の注入口18aを通じて管内にコンクリートを流し込み、そのまま養生硬化させ、これにてアンカー4は完成する。そして、このアンカー4が完成した後は、内側土嚢21を取除いて、アンカー4と布袋3とを適宜の締結具を用いて結合して前記サブアセンブリ体15を完成させ、布袋3の本体部11と絞り部12とは折り畳んだ状態として(図3)、前出図4に示した態様で施工現場へ搬送する。なお、前記サブアセンブリ体15の製作に際して、予め布袋3の底部3aの下面から放射方向へ複数の吊りロープ22(図1、4)を引出しておくことで、この吊りロープ22を、前記吊具16によるサブアセンブリ体15の吊上げに用いることができる。
【0016】
上記サブアセンブリ体15の海底1への据付けを終えたら、前出図4に示したように作業船23から潜水士24を海底1に降ろし、布袋3に前記フロート5を取付ける。フロート5は、ゴム引き布シートを素材とする袋状物からなっており、その内部に空気を供給することで扁平状態から断面だ円形乃至円形に膨張するようになっている。このフロート5には、図6に示すようにその円周方向に等配して複数のフック(カラビナ)25が設けられ、一方、布袋3の外面の補強用縦ベルト13には、布袋3の本体部11と絞り部12との境界付近に位置して前記フック25に係合可能な複数のシャックル26が設けられている。フロート5の取付けに際しては、これを扁平状態として海底1に沈め、潜水士24がフック25をシャックル26に順次引掛けて、フロート5を布袋3に保持させる。その後、このフロート5内に空気を圧送すると、フロート5が膨張して浮上し、これに引張られて布袋3が円筒形状に展開する。本実施の形態においては、布袋3の本体部11と絞り部12との境界付近にフロート5を取付けているので、図1に示すように、フロート5は海中に所定深さだけ沈んだ状態となり、したがって、布袋3の開口に臨む領域にトレミー台船7を乗入れできるようになる。
【0017】
上記フロート5による布袋3の展開を終えたら、この布袋3の本体部11の周りを前記可撓性の拘束バンド6で囲む。この拘束バンド6もまた、フロート5と同様にゴム引き布シートを素材とする袋状物からなっており、その内部に流体(ここでは海水)を供給することで扁平状態から断面だ円形乃至円形に膨張する。この拘束バンド6には、図7に示すようにその円周方向に等配して複数対のフック(カラビナ)27が設けられ、一方、布袋3の外面の補強用縦ベルト13には、その円周方向と高さ方向とに等配して前記フック27に係合可能な複数のシャックル28が設けられている。拘束バンド6を布袋3に取付けるには、フロート5の場合と同様、これを扁平状態として海底1に沈め、潜水士24がフック27をシャックル28に順次引掛けて、拘束バンド6を布袋3に保持させる。そして、この状態で拘束バンド6に海水を供給すると、拘束バンド6が膨張して布袋3を外側から局部的に押え、布袋3は、前記拘束バンド6による押えの利いた部分が剛体的に円筒形状を維持するようになる。
【0018】
本第1の実施の形態においては、最初に、上記拘束バンド6を、前出図1に示したように布袋3の底部のアンカー4に近接する部位に位置決めし、その位置で内部に海水を供給して膨張させる。この準備完了後、トレミー台船7を布袋3の開口に臨む領域に乗入れ、図1に示すように、トレミー台船7からトレミー管8を布袋3の内底部付近まで延ばし、先ずアンカー4の高さまで水中硬化材料9を供給し、そのまま養生させて下地となる円板状の硬化層10Aを形成する。この硬化層10Aの打設により布袋3の底部は強固に海底1に定着し、したがって、その後、フロート5に供給する空気量を増やして浮力を増しても、布袋3の支持は安定する。なお、緊急時に対処するため、前記吊りロープ22を布袋3のシャックル27、25を通して上方へ延ばして、その端部をトレミー台船7に係止させておく。
【0019】
次に、同じく図1に示すように、トレミー管8を通じて上記下地の硬化層10A上に水中硬化材料9を供給し、拘束バンド6の頂部とほぼ同じ高さレベルまで水中硬化材料9を堆積させてその供給を停止する。この水中硬化材料9の供給により布袋3の周壁には土圧が作用するが、拘束バンド6が布袋3を外側から補強しているので、布袋3は所定の円筒形状を維持する。したがって、水中硬化材量9を供給した後、所定時間(1〜2日)養生させると、下地の硬化層10A上には第2層目の円板状の硬化層10Bが形成される(図8)。本第1の実施の形態においては、前記養生の途中で拘束バンド6内の海水を半分程度抜く。すると、拘束バンド6は断面収縮し、残存する土圧により布袋3がわずかに拡張(拡径)し、結果として硬化層10Bの外面形状が整えられる。
【0020】
上記硬化層10Bを形成するための養生が最終段階に達したら、フック27をシャックル28から外して拘束バンド6を布袋3から離脱させ、該拘束バンド6をほぼその幅(高さ)分だけ上昇させて、布袋3に付け直す。その後、拘束バンド6内に海水を供給して再びこれを膨張させ、さらに、前記した手順で水中硬化材料9の供給とその養生(硬化待ち)とを繰返して、第3層目の硬化層を積層形成し、以降、前記した作業工程を繰り返して、硬化層を順次積層していく。
【0021】
このようにして、ほぼフロート4を取付けた部位まで硬化層が積層されたら、トレミー台船7を布袋3の上方域から退去させ、図8に示すように最上層の硬化層10Gの中央に支柱29を建込む。そして、この支柱29の上端に前記吊りロープ22を引張り込んで、布袋3の絞り部12を所定の裁頭円錐形状に展開させる。その後、例えば起重機船17から吊下げた注入管30を利用して、前記布袋3の絞り部12内に水中硬化材料9を供給し、そのまま養生固化させてさらに硬化層をかさ上げしていく。この際、海面付近の作業となるため、波浪の影響で水中硬化材料9が外部へ流出しようとするが、布袋3の絞り部12によって開口部が絞られているので、その流出が抑制され、この結果、海面付近の硬化層を安定して形成できる。このようにして、図9に示すように上部が海上に露出する1つの円柱状の水中構造物2が完成し、これからフロート5を撤去して工事は終了する。
【0022】
なお、上記第1の実施の形態の実施に際しては、図10に示すように、2つの拘束バンド6,6を連結して、これらを一体的に布袋3に取付けるようにしてもよく、この場合は、2つの拘束バンド6で囲まれた布袋3の領域内に一度に水中硬化材料9を供給して、一回の打設でより厚肉の硬化層10′を形成することができ、円柱状の水中構造物2をより短期間で構築できるようになる。
【0023】
図11は、上記第1の実施の形態の工法を利用した築堤工法を示したものである。本築堤工法においては、上記第1の実施の形態の工法を所定のピッチで実施し、この際、相隣接する円柱状水中構造物2A,2B,2C…の周面を相互に接触させるようにする。各水中構造物2A,2B,2C…を相互に接触させるには、上記第1の実施の形態の実施に際し、拘束バンド6による布袋3の拘束を、水中硬化材料9の養生の初期段階で解放するようにすればよく、これにより、土圧を受けて布袋3が拡張し、結果として各硬化層が側方へ膨出して相互に接触するようになる。なお、この築堤工法は、各水中構造物2A,2B,2C…を1つずつ完成させるように実施しても、あるいは、複数並列して同時に完成させるように実施してもよいものである。
【0024】
図12および図13は、本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法の第2の実施の形態を示したものである。本第2の実施の形態においては、上記第1の実施の形態で用いた布袋3から絞り部12(図2)を省略した単純な有底円筒形状の大型の布袋31を用意する。そして、上記第1の実施の形態と同様に、この布袋31を、その内底部に予め配置したアンカー32と共に海底1に降ろして、その底部を海底1に定着させ、続いて、この布袋31の開口端部側を環状のフロート33で吊上げて該布袋31を前記した所定の円筒形状に展開させ、その後、この布袋31の開口端部内の相対向する壁間を複数の緊張ロープ34で連結する。なお、布袋31を縦バンド35および横バンド36で補強する点は第1の実施形態と同様である。また、アンカー32の製作方法、フロート33の構造、布袋31に対するフロート33の結合構造等は前記第1の実施の形態における場合とほぼ同様であるので、ここでは、それらの説明を省略する。
【0025】
上記準備完了後、例えば作業船(図示略)から布袋31内に供給管37を延ばし、先ずアンカー32の高さまで水中硬化材料9を供給し、そのまま養生させて下地となる円板状の硬化層10Aを形成し、次に、この硬化層10A上に所定厚さに水中硬化材料9を供給して、その養生硬化を待つ。本第2の実施の形態においては、布袋31の開口部の相対向する壁間を連結する複数の緊張ロープ34が布袋31に加える張力を増大させて、その形状維持に寄与するので、水中硬化材料9から土圧がかかっても布袋31はわずか拡張するだけとなる。すなわち、水中硬化材料9の養生硬化により下地の硬化層10A上にはこれよりわずか大径の第2層目の円板状の硬化層10Bが形成され、以降、水中硬化材料9の供給とその養生とを所定のピッチで繰り返すことで、最終的に、円柱形状の水中構造物が完成する。
【0026】
本第2の実施の形態によれば、第1の実施の形態で必要とした拘束バンド6が不要になるので、施工はより簡単となり、第1の実施の形態よりも工期は短縮する。なお、上記緊張ロープ34は、予め布袋31に取付けておいてもよい。また、この緊張ロープ34は、布袋31の開口部付近だけでなく、その内部側にも配設してもよいものである。ここで用いる布袋31には、前記第1の実施の形態における絞り部12(図2)を設けてもよいことはもちろんで、この場合は、第1の実施の形態と同様の手順で(図8)、最終の硬化層を積層する。
【0027】
図14および図15は、上記第2の実施の形態の工法を発展させた築堤工法を示したものである。本築堤工法においては、計画築堤領域の輪郭とほぼ同じ長尺矩形の底面形状を有する布袋41を用意し、この布袋41を、その内底部に予め配置した同じ長尺矩形のアンカー42と共に海底1に降ろして、その底部を海底1に定着させた後、この布袋41の開口端部側をアンカー42より一回り小さい長尺矩形のフロート43で吊上げて該布袋41を山形に展開させ、その後、この布袋41の開口端部内の相対向する内縁間を複数の緊張ロープ44で連結する。
【0028】
上記準備完了後、例えば作業船(図示略)から布袋41内に供給管45を延ばし、先ずアンカー42の高さまで水中硬化材料9を供給し、そのまま養生させて下地となる矩形の硬化層50Aを形成し、次に、この硬化層50A上に所定厚さに水中硬化材料9と供給して、その養生硬化を待つ。本築堤工法においては、布袋41の開口部の相対向する内縁間を連結する複数の緊張ロープ44が布袋41に加える張力を増大させて、その形状維持に寄与するので、水中硬化材料9から土圧がかかってもわずか拡張するだけとなる。すなわち、水中硬化材料9をそのまま養生硬化させることで、下地の硬化層50A上には第2層目の矩形状の硬化層50Bが形成される。したがって、この水中硬化材料9の供給とその養生とを所定のピッチで繰返すことで、硬化層が順次積層して、最終的に断面台形状をなす堤体が完成する。本築堤工法によれば、一回の工事で必要とする堤体が完成するので、上記した円柱状水中構造物2を連接する築堤工法(図11)に比べて工期が短縮する。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法によれば、アンカーとフロートとを用いて水中に展開させた布袋内に水中硬化材料を供給し、これを層状に硬化させて積層していくことで、岩ずりや礫などの比較的高価な材料に頼ることなく、小断面化した円柱状水中構造物または堤体を高能率に構築することができ、工期の短縮はもとより工費の低減に大きく寄与する効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法の第1の実施の形態を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図2】第1の実施の形態で用いる布袋の構造を示す斜視図である。
【図3】第1の実施の形態で用いる布袋とアンカーとの海底への据付け状態を示す断面図である。
【図4】布袋とアンカーとを組合せたサブアセンブリ体の海底への据付け状況を示す模式図である。
【図5】布袋とアンカーとの組合せてサブアセンブリ体とする組立手順を示す模式図である。
【図6】第1の実施の形態で用いる布袋とフロートとの結合構造を示す断面図である。
【図7】第1の実施の形態で用いる布袋と拘束バンドとの結合構造を示す断面図である。
【図8】第1の実施の形態の最終段階を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図9】第1の実施の形態で完成した円柱状水中構造物の構造を示す断面図である。
【図10】第1の実施の形態の変形例を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図11】第1の実施の形態を利用した築堤工法により完成させた堤体の構造を模式的に示す平面図である。
【図12】本発明に係る水中構造物の構築工法の第2の実施の形態を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図13】第2の実施の形態で用いる布袋の展開状態を示す斜視図である。
【図14】第2の実施の形態を発展させた構築工法を模式的に示す断面図である。
【図15】第2の実施の形態を発展させた構築工法を模式的に示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 海底(水底)
2、2A〜2C 円柱状水中構造物
3、31、41 布袋
4、32、42 アンカー
5、33、43 フロート
6 拘束バンド
7 トレミー台船
8 トレミー管
9 水中硬化材料
10、10A、10B、10G、10′、50A、50B 硬化層
13、14、35、36 補強用ベルト
34、44 緊張ロープ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is related to method for constructing underwater structures underwater curable material having fluidity was put into water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to construct a jetty, a breakwater, a partition wall in a landfill, etc., many methods have been employed in which embankment materials such as rock debris and gravel are directly dumped and deposited in water.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the above-mentioned embankment method, the embankment material is dumped directly into the water, so that the accumulated part spreads into a trapezoidal cross section and the dam body has a large cross section, and a large amount of relatively expensive rock debris and gravel are required. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost burden increases.
[0004]
In addition, although the above-mentioned cost burden can be reduced by using earth and sand as the embankment material, in this case, the large cross-section of the above-mentioned embankment becomes remarkable, and the scale to the embankment whose scale is large at a large water depth. Application becomes virtually impossible.
In addition, the sheet embankment area is surrounded by a sheet pile wall made by placing steel sheet piles and concrete sheet piles, or a steel formwork supported by piles, and underwater hardening materials such as mortar, concrete or improved soil are put into this area. However, in some cases, it is hardened to reduce the cross section of the dam body, but in this case, it takes a lot of man-hours and costs to construct the sheet pile wall and formwork, and it is a fundamental solution. It does not lead to.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to use a special sheet pile wall without using relatively expensive materials such as rocks and gravel. An object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for an underwater structure that makes it possible to construct an underwater structure having a small cross section without using a mold or a formwork, thereby contributing to shortening the construction period and cost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the construction method of the underwater structure according to the present invention includes lowering a large cloth bag to the bottom of the water, fixing the bottom to the bottom with an annular anchor, and then annularly opening the end of the cloth bag. The cloth bag is expanded into a cylindrical shape by being lifted by a float, and then the surroundings of the cloth bag are surrounded by a restraining band, and the restraining band is lifted at a predetermined pitch from the bottom side of the cloth bag at each raised position. The underwater curing material having fluidity is supplied to the region in the cloth bag surrounded by the restraining band, and the cured layer is laminated by sequentially curing the material.
[0008]
In the invention configured as described above, since the tension is applied to the cloth bag from the float, the cloth bag resists the earth pressure of the underwater hardening material supplied to the inside of the cloth bag. By appropriately setting the deposition thickness, the cloth bag maintains a predetermined cylindrical shape, and by repeating the supply of the underwater curing material and waiting for its curing, a disk-shaped cured layer is sequentially laminated, A columnar underwater structure is completed.
In the present invention , since the restraining band surrounding the cloth bag reinforces the cloth bag from the outside, the cloth bag sufficiently withstands the earth pressure, and as a result, the supply amount of the underwater curing material is increased, and the thickness of each cured layer is increased. The thickness can be increased as much as possible .
[0009]
It is desirable that the cloth bag used in the present invention has a water-permeable structure, whereby the consolidation of the underwater curing material proceeds and the strength of the constructed underwater structure is improved.
In addition, it is desirable that the cloth bag is reinforced by a belt that has been sewn vertically and horizontally on the outer peripheral surface in advance, so that a large tension can be applied to the cloth bag.
Further, the anchor may be arranged and fixed on the inner bottom portion of the cloth bag on land. In this case, the underwater work can be largely omitted, and the work of installing the cloth bag is remarkably improved.
In the present invention , the float may be further submerged, a tremmy ship may be placed in a region facing the opening of the cloth bag, and the underwater curing material may be supplied through the tremy tube. Can be supplied.
[0010]
The kind of the underwater curing material used in the present invention described above is arbitrary, and mortar and concrete can be used alone, as well as improved soil in which a hardener such as cement or lime is mixed in the earth and sand. When the improved soil is used, the earth and sand as the main material may be dredged sand or earth and sand generated by the shield method, which is advantageous in terms of cost. In this case, as a method of mixing the hardened material into the above-mentioned earth and sand, after mixing the solidified material at the transportation source of the earth and sand, or after mixing the solidified material at the source of the earth and sand The pre-mixing method of pneumatic feeding can be adopted. Moreover, you may mix coal ash, a lightweight material, etc. in this improved soil as a subsidiary material if desired.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 9 shows 1st Embodiment of the construction method of the underwater structure which concerns on this invention. In the first embodiment, a columnar underwater structure 2 (FIG. 9) is projected on the seabed 1 that protrudes from the sea surface. The construction is developed as shown in FIG. A large-sized cloth bag 3 having a bottomed cylindrical shape is prepared by first lowering the cloth bag 3 to the seabed 1 and fixing the bottom to the seabed 1 with an annular anchor 4 from the inside (FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 1, the opening end side of the cloth bag 3 is lifted by an annular float 5, and the cloth bag 3 is developed into the predetermined cylindrical shape described above. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1, the cloth bag 3 is surrounded by a flexible restraining band 6 filled with fluid, and the restraining band 6 is raised at a predetermined pitch from the bottom side of the cloth bag 3. At each ascending position, the underwater curing material 9 having fluidity is supplied from the tremmy carrier 7 through the tremy tube 8 to the region in the cloth bag 3 surrounded by the restraining band 6, and this is cured in order, as shown in FIG. As shown, a cylindrical underwater structure 2 in which the cured layers 10 are laminated is completed.
[0013]
Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening end side of the cloth bag 3 is squeezed into a truncated cone shape. Therefore, precisely, the main body portion 11 having a bottomed cylindrical shape and a squeezed cone shape. The part 12 is connected to the part 12. The cloth bag 3 is made of a material having water permeability and sufficient tensile strength, for example, a polyester fiber sheet, and is reinforced by a plurality of vertical belts 13 and horizontal belts 14 attached to the outer peripheral surface thereof. . As an example, the size of the cloth bag 3 has an outer diameter D 1 of the main body 11 of 15 to 20 m and a diameter D 2 of 10 to 12 m, and the total height H is a water depth L ( It is set to be slightly larger than FIG.
[0014]
In the present embodiment, the anchor 4 is disposed on land on the inner bottom of the cloth bag 3 prepared as described above, and the cloth bag 3 and the anchor 4 are connected and integrated in advance to form a subassembly body 15 (FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 4, this is hung by a hoist ship 17 using an appropriate lifting tool 16, transported from the land to a construction site on the sea, and installed at a predetermined location on the seabed 1. The anchor 4 is formed by placing concrete 19 in a polyethylene spiral pipe 18 (FIG. 3), and is sufficient to fix the bottom of the cloth bag 3 to the seabed 1 against the buoyancy of the float 5. Has a weight of
[0015]
In order to manufacture the subassembly 15, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of pitch circles having the same diameter as the outer diameter D 1 of the main body 11 of the cloth bag 3 are circumscribed on a flat land on land. After arranging the outer sandbags 20 at a predetermined pitch, the cloth bag 3 is set so that the bottom portion 3a spreads inside the outer sandbags 20. Next, the spiral tube 18 is disposed on the bottom 3a of the cloth bag 3 so as to be inscribed in the outer soil 20, and a plurality of inner sandbags 21 are arranged at a predetermined pitch inside the spiral tube 18, The position of the spiral tube 18 is fixed so as to be sandwiched between the sandbags 20 and 21. Thereafter, concrete is poured into the pipe through a plurality of inlets 18a provided in advance in the spiral pipe 18 and cured and cured as it is, whereby the anchor 4 is completed. After the anchor 4 is completed, the inner sandbag 21 is removed, and the anchor 4 and the cloth bag 3 are joined together using an appropriate fastener to complete the subassembly body 15. 11 and the narrowed portion 12 are folded (FIG. 3) and conveyed to the construction site in the manner shown in FIG. When the subassembly body 15 is manufactured, a plurality of suspension ropes 22 (FIGS. 1 and 4) are drawn in advance in the radial direction from the lower surface of the bottom portion 3a of the cloth bag 3 so that the suspension ropes 22 are connected to the suspension tool. 16 can be used for lifting the sub-assembly body 15.
[0016]
When the installation of the sub-assembly body 15 to the seabed 1 is finished, the diver 24 is lowered from the work boat 23 to the seabed 1 as shown in FIG. 4 and the float 5 is attached to the cloth bag 3. The float 5 is made of a bag-like material made of a rubberized cloth sheet. By supplying air to the inside of the float 5, the float 5 expands from a flat state to a circular or circular cross section. As shown in FIG. 6, the float 5 is provided with a plurality of hooks (carabiners) 25 that are equally distributed in the circumferential direction thereof, while the reinforcing vertical belt 13 on the outer surface of the cloth bag 3 is provided with the cloth bag 3. A plurality of shackles 26 that can be engaged with the hooks 25 are provided near the boundary between the main body portion 11 and the throttle portion 12. When attaching the float 5, the float 5 is flattened and submerged in the seabed 1, and the diver 24 sequentially hooks the hooks 25 on the shackle 26 to hold the float 5 on the cloth bag 3. Thereafter, when air is pumped into the float 5, the float 5 expands and floats, and is pulled by this to expand the cloth bag 3 into a cylindrical shape. In the present embodiment, since the float 5 is attached near the boundary between the main body 11 and the narrowed portion 12 of the cloth bag 3, as shown in FIG. 1, the float 5 is in a state of sinking to a predetermined depth in the sea. Therefore, the tremy trolley 7 can be placed in the region facing the opening of the cloth bag 3.
[0017]
When the deployment of the cloth bag 3 by the float 5 is finished, the body 11 of the cloth bag 3 is surrounded by the flexible restraining band 6. The restraint band 6 is also made of a bag-like material made of a rubberized cloth sheet like the float 5, and is supplied with a fluid (here, seawater) to provide a fluid (here, seawater) so that the cross-section is circular or circular. Inflates. As shown in FIG. 7, the restraining band 6 is provided with a plurality of pairs of hooks (carabiners) 27 that are equally distributed in the circumferential direction thereof, while the reinforcing vertical belt 13 on the outer surface of the cloth bag 3 has A plurality of shackles 28 that are equally distributed in the circumferential direction and the height direction and that can be engaged with the hook 27 are provided. In order to attach the restraint band 6 to the cloth bag 3, as in the case of the float 5, the restraint band 6 is flattened and submerged on the seabed 1, and the diver 24 sequentially hooks the hooks 27 on the shackle 28. Hold. When seawater is supplied to the restraint band 6 in this state, the restraint band 6 expands and presses the cloth bag 3 locally from the outside, and the cloth bag 3 has a rigidly cylindrical portion where the restraint band 6 is pressed. The shape will be maintained.
[0018]
In the first embodiment, first, the restraining band 6 is positioned at a position close to the anchor 4 at the bottom of the cloth bag 3 as shown in FIG. Supply and inflate. After completion of this preparation, the tremy trolley 7 is put into a region facing the opening of the cloth bag 3 and the tremy pipe 8 is extended from the tremy trolley 7 to the vicinity of the inner bottom of the cloth bag 3 as shown in FIG. Then, the underwater curing material 9 is supplied and cured as it is to form a disk-shaped cured layer 10A as a base. By placing the hardened layer 10A, the bottom of the cloth bag 3 is firmly fixed to the seabed 1. Therefore, even if the amount of air supplied to the float 5 is increased to increase the buoyancy, the support of the cloth bag 3 is stabilized. In order to cope with an emergency, the suspension rope 22 is extended upward through the shackles 27, 25 of the cloth bag 3, and the end thereof is locked to the tremy trolley 7.
[0019]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the underwater curing material 9 is supplied onto the underlying cured layer 10 </ b> A through the tremy tube 8, and the underwater curing material 9 is deposited to a level substantially the same as the top of the restraining band 6. Stop the supply. Although the earth pressure acts on the peripheral wall of the cloth bag 3 by the supply of the underwater curing material 9, since the restraint band 6 reinforces the cloth bag 3 from the outside, the cloth bag 3 maintains a predetermined cylindrical shape. Therefore, when the amount of the underwater curing material amount 9 is supplied and then cured for a predetermined time (1-2 days), a second disk-shaped cured layer 10B is formed on the underlying cured layer 10A (FIG. 8). In the first embodiment, about half of the seawater in the restraint band 6 is removed during the curing. Then, the restraint band 6 contracts in cross section, and the cloth bag 3 is slightly expanded (expanded) by the remaining earth pressure, and as a result, the outer surface shape of the hardened layer 10B is adjusted.
[0020]
When the curing for forming the hardened layer 10B reaches the final stage, the hook 27 is removed from the shackle 28, the restraining band 6 is detached from the cloth bag 3, and the restraining band 6 is raised by the width (height). And reattach to the cloth bag 3. Thereafter, seawater is supplied into the restraint band 6 to expand it again, and further, the supply of the underwater curing material 9 and its curing (waiting for curing) are repeated in the above-described procedure to form the third cured layer. Then, the above-described operation steps are repeated to sequentially laminate the hardened layers.
[0021]
In this way, when the hardened layer is laminated almost to the portion where the float 4 is attached, the tremy trolley 7 is withdrawn from the upper region of the cloth bag 3 and a strut is placed in the center of the uppermost hardened layer 10G as shown in FIG. 29 is built. And the said suspension rope 22 is pulled in the upper end of this support | pillar 29, and the aperture | diaphragm | squeeze part 12 of the cloth bag 3 is expand | deployed by the predetermined truncated cone shape. After that, for example, using the injection pipe 30 suspended from the hoist ship 17, the underwater curing material 9 is supplied into the narrowed portion 12 of the cloth bag 3, and is cured and solidified as it is to further raise the cured layer. At this time, because the work is near the sea surface, the underwater curing material 9 tends to flow out to the outside due to the influence of the waves, but since the opening is squeezed by the squeezing part 12 of the cloth bag 3, the outflow is suppressed, As a result, a hardened layer near the sea surface can be stably formed. In this way, as shown in FIG. 9, one cylindrical underwater structure 2 with the upper part exposed to the sea is completed, and the float 5 is removed from this, and the construction is completed.
[0022]
In the implementation of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, two restraining bands 6 and 6 may be connected and integrally attached to the cloth bag 3. In this case, Can supply the underwater curing material 9 at a time into the region of the cloth bag 3 surrounded by the two restraining bands 6 to form a thicker cured layer 10 ′ with a single placement, The columnar underwater structure 2 can be constructed in a shorter period of time.
[0023]
FIG. 11 shows the embankment method using the method of the first embodiment. In this embankment construction method, the construction method of the first embodiment is carried out at a predetermined pitch, and at this time, the circumferential surfaces of adjacent cylindrical underwater structures 2A, 2B, 2C. To do. In order to bring the underwater structures 2A, 2B, 2C,... Into contact with each other, the restraint of the cloth bag 3 by the restraint band 6 is released at the initial stage of curing the underwater hardening material 9 when the first embodiment is performed. As a result, the cloth bag 3 is expanded by receiving earth pressure, and as a result, the cured layers bulge laterally and come into contact with each other. This embankment method may be carried out so that each of the underwater structures 2A, 2B, 2C... Is completed one by one, or a plurality of underwater structures 2A, 2B, 2C.
[0024]
12 and 13 show a second embodiment of the construction method for an underwater structure according to the present invention. In the second embodiment, a simple large-sized cloth bag 31 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom is prepared by omitting the narrowed portion 12 (FIG. 2) from the cloth bag 3 used in the first embodiment. Then, similarly to the first embodiment, the cloth bag 31 is lowered to the seabed 1 together with the anchor 32 arranged in advance at the inner bottom part thereof, and the bottom part is fixed to the seabed 1. The opening end side is lifted by an annular float 33 to develop the cloth bag 31 into the predetermined cylindrical shape, and then the opposing walls in the opening end of the cloth bag 31 are connected by a plurality of tension ropes 34. . In addition, the point which reinforces the cloth bag 31 with the vertical band 35 and the horizontal band 36 is the same as that of 1st Embodiment. Further, since the manufacturing method of the anchor 32, the structure of the float 33, the connection structure of the float 33 to the cloth bag 31, and the like are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, their description is omitted here.
[0025]
After completion of the above preparation, for example, the supply pipe 37 is extended from the work boat (not shown) into the cloth bag 31, first the underwater curing material 9 is supplied to the height of the anchor 32, and is cured as it is to form a disk-shaped cured layer as a base 10A is formed, then, the underwater curing material 9 is supplied to the predetermined thickness on the cured layer 10A, and the curing is awaited. In the second embodiment, the tension ropes 34 connecting the opposing walls of the opening of the cloth bag 31 increase the tension applied to the cloth bag 31 and contribute to maintaining the shape thereof. Even if earth pressure is applied from the material 9, the cloth bag 31 is only slightly expanded. That is, by curing and curing the underwater curable material 9, a second-layer disk-shaped cured layer 10B having a slightly larger diameter is formed on the underlying cured layer 10A. By repeating the curing at a predetermined pitch, a cylindrical underwater structure is finally completed.
[0026]
According to the second embodiment, since the restraint band 6 required in the first embodiment is not necessary, the construction is simpler and the construction period is shorter than that in the first embodiment. The tension rope 34 may be attached to the cloth bag 31 in advance. Further, the tension rope 34 may be disposed not only near the opening of the cloth bag 31 but also on the inner side thereof. The cloth bag 31 used here may be provided with the narrowed portion 12 (FIG. 2) in the first embodiment, and in this case, in the same procedure as the first embodiment (FIG. 8) Laminate the final cured layer.
[0027]
FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show the embankment method developed from the construction method of the second embodiment. In the present embankment method, a fabric bag 41 having an elongated rectangular bottom shape substantially the same as the outline of the planned embankment area is prepared, and this fabric bag 41 is attached to the seabed 1 together with the same elongated rectangular anchor 42 previously arranged on the inner bottom thereof. The bottom of the cloth bag 41 is fixed to the seabed 1 and then the opening end side of the cloth bag 41 is lifted by a long rectangular float 43 that is slightly smaller than the anchor 42 to expand the cloth bag 41 into a mountain shape, A plurality of tension ropes 44 connect the opposing inner edges in the opening end of the cloth bag 41.
[0028]
After completion of the above preparation, for example, the supply pipe 45 is extended from the work boat (not shown) into the cloth bag 41, and the underwater hardening material 9 is first supplied to the height of the anchor 42 and then cured as it is to form a rectangular hardened layer 50A as a base. Then, the underwater curing material 9 is supplied to a predetermined thickness on the cured layer 50A, and the curing is awaited. In the present building embankment method, the tension ropes 44 connecting the opposing inner edges of the opening of the cloth bag 41 increase the tension applied to the cloth bag 41 and contribute to the maintenance of its shape. Even if pressure is applied, it will only expand slightly. That is, by curing the underwater curing material 9 as it is, a second-layer rectangular cured layer 50B is formed on the underlying cured layer 50A. Therefore, by repeating the supply of the underwater curing material 9 and the curing thereof at a predetermined pitch, the cured layers are sequentially stacked, and the bank body finally having a trapezoidal cross section is completed. According to the present embankment method, since the levee body required in one construction is completed, the construction period is shortened compared to the embankment method (FIG. 11) connecting the above-described columnar underwater structures 2.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the construction method of an underwater structure according to the present invention, an underwater curing material is supplied into a cloth bag developed in water using an anchor and a float, and this is cured in layers. By laminating them, it is possible to construct a cylindrical underwater structure or a dam body with a small cross section without relying on relatively expensive materials such as rocks and gravel, and shorten the construction period. Besides, it has the effect of greatly contributing to the reduction of construction costs.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a first embodiment of a construction method for an underwater structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structure of a cloth bag used in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the cloth bag and the anchor used in the first embodiment are installed on the seabed.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state in which a sub-assembly body in which a cloth bag and an anchor are combined is installed on the seabed.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an assembling procedure in which a cloth bag and an anchor are combined to form a sub-assembly body.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure between a cloth bag and a float used in the first embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a coupling structure between a cloth bag and a restraining band used in the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a final stage of the first embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a cylindrical underwater structure completed in the first embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the first embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing the structure of a bank body completed by a bank embankment method using the first embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a second embodiment of the construction method for an underwater structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an unfolded state of the cloth bag used in the second embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a construction method developed from the second embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a construction method developed from the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Sea floor (water bottom)
2, 2A-2C Cylindrical underwater structure 3, 31, 41 Cloth bag 4, 32, 42 Anchor 5, 33, 43 Float 6 Restraint band 7 Tremy trolley 8 Tremy tube 9 Underwater cured material 10, 10A, 10B, 10G, 10 ', 50A, 50B Hardened layer 13, 14, 35, 36 Reinforcing belt 34, 44 Tension rope

Claims (5)

大型の布袋を水底に降ろして、その底部を環状のアンカーにより水底に固定した後、前記布袋の開口端部側を環状のフロートで吊上げて該布袋を円筒形状に展開させ、次に、該布袋の周りを拘束バンドで囲み、該拘束バンドを、前記布袋の底部側から所定のピッチで上昇させて、各上昇位置で、該拘束バンドで囲まれた布袋内領域に流動性を有する水中硬化材料を供給し、順次硬化させて硬化層を積層していくことを特徴とする円柱状水中構造物の構築工法。  A large-sized cloth bag is lowered to the bottom of the water, and the bottom is fixed to the bottom of the water by an annular anchor, and then the opening end of the cloth bag is lifted by an annular float, and the cloth bag is developed into a cylindrical shape. The restraint band is surrounded by a restraining band, the restraint band is raised at a predetermined pitch from the bottom side of the cloth bag, and the underwater-curing material has fluidity in the region within the cloth bag surrounded by the restraining band at each raised position. A construction method for a cylindrical submerged structure, characterized in that a hardened layer is laminated by sequentially curing. 布袋が、透水性を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の円柱状水中構造物の構築工法。The construction method for a cylindrical underwater structure according to claim 1 , wherein the cloth bag has water permeability. 布袋が、予めその外周面に縦横に縫着したベルトにより補強されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の円柱状水中構造物の構築工法。The construction method for a columnar underwater structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the cloth bag is reinforced by a belt which is sewn vertically and horizontally on the outer peripheral surface in advance. アンカーが、陸上で布袋の内底部に配置固定されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の円柱状水中構造物の構築工法。The construction method for a cylindrical submerged structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the anchor is disposed and fixed on the inner bottom of the cloth bag on land. フロートを水没させ、布袋の開口に臨む領域にトレミー台船を乗入れて、トレミー管を通じて水中硬化材料を供給することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の円柱状水中構造物の構築工法。5. The cylindrical underwater structure according to claim 1 , wherein the float is submerged, a tremmy ship is placed in a region facing the opening of the cloth bag, and an underwater hardening material is supplied through the treme tube. Construction method of things.
JP13139299A 1999-05-12 1999-05-12 Construction method for underwater structures Expired - Fee Related JP3790951B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13139299A JP3790951B2 (en) 1999-05-12 1999-05-12 Construction method for underwater structures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13139299A JP3790951B2 (en) 1999-05-12 1999-05-12 Construction method for underwater structures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000319845A JP2000319845A (en) 2000-11-21
JP3790951B2 true JP3790951B2 (en) 2006-06-28

Family

ID=15056905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13139299A Expired - Fee Related JP3790951B2 (en) 1999-05-12 1999-05-12 Construction method for underwater structures

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3790951B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017071897A (en) * 2015-10-05 2017-04-13 株式会社モチヅキ Joining method and joining material for sheath pipe and pile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000319845A (en) 2000-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2005038146A1 (en) Marine foundations
KR101211811B1 (en) Cast in concrete pile With precast type Caisson
GB2029876A (en) Method of forming a concrete wall
JP3790951B2 (en) Construction method for underwater structures
JP3688546B2 (en) Cast-in-place concrete pile construction method and cast-in-place concrete pile bottom ground preloading device
US5024557A (en) Method and apparatus for constructing an offshore hollow column
KR101806851B1 (en) Temporary levee structure using guideframe and the construction method therefor
KR20020024136A (en) Erosion control structures of coastal area and the construction methodology of erosion control structure and embankment by this structure
JP4551985B2 (en) Quay structure and method for forming the same
WO2014202948A1 (en) Gravity base for a marine structure
US4468156A (en) Underwater structure and method for its construction
JP2004092221A (en) Construction method for underwater tunnel, and device for joining caissons together
JP2005139667A (en) Bag body for forming civil engineering structure, and civil engineering structure using it
US20230340745A1 (en) Submersible foundation and systems and methods for manufacturing and using the same
US20240067307A1 (en) Anchoring Floating Structures to an Underwater Floor
CN207519430U (en) The environment-friendly type gravity type foundation of the controllable postposition ballast of dive
JP3310452B2 (en) Method of constructing continuous wall in water area and guide device for construction
CN116084421B (en) Construction method of permeable anti-collision pier
JP4701412B2 (en) Artificial tidal flat and its construction method
JP3030571B2 (en) Outer shell of offshore structure and construction method of offshore structure
EP0391736A2 (en) Underwater wall construction
JPH11209940A (en) Floating form and under water reclamation execution method
JPS598835A (en) Footing type steel plate cell caisson work
CN117513437A (en) Underwater pile foundation local siltation promotion anti-impact protection device and assembly protection method thereof
JP2000319847A (en) Covering method for face of slope of rubble mound

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20051116

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20051130

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060127

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20060315

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20060323

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 3790951

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090414

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100414

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100414

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110414

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130414

Year of fee payment: 7

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140414

Year of fee payment: 8

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees