JP3782360B2 - Frozen food processed from fish surimi - Google Patents

Frozen food processed from fish surimi Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3782360B2
JP3782360B2 JP2002020787A JP2002020787A JP3782360B2 JP 3782360 B2 JP3782360 B2 JP 3782360B2 JP 2002020787 A JP2002020787 A JP 2002020787A JP 2002020787 A JP2002020787 A JP 2002020787A JP 3782360 B2 JP3782360 B2 JP 3782360B2
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Prior art keywords
frozen food
polymerized phosphate
surimi
fish
weight
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JP2002020787A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003219840A (en
Inventor
裕二 藤田
昌美 真殿
正宣 三重
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San Ei Gen FFI Inc
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San Ei Gen FFI Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品に関し、冷凍による蛋白変性を充分に防止でき、加熱調理後の風味が改良された食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、魚肉すり身自身を冷凍保存したり、魚肉すり身を使用して冷凍食品を製造したりする場合、魚肉をそのまま加工すると、冷凍貯蔵中に魚肉由来の蛋白質が変性し、品質が劣化することが問題となっている。この蛋白質の変性を防止する手段として、種々の方法が採られており、中でも、原料の生鮮魚肉に重合燐酸塩を単独であるいは糖類と併用して添加すると、冷凍による蛋白質の変性を防止できることが知られている(かまぼこの科学、平成11年5月、成山堂書店)。
【0003】
しかし、冷凍による蛋白質の変性を防止する効果を充分に得るために重合燐酸塩の添加量を増加させると、重合燐酸塩由来の独特の渋味、苦味、えぐ味が生じてしまうという更なる問題も起こり、その為、重合燐酸塩の添加量が味質の面から制限されてしまい、満足のいく蛋白質の変性防止効果が得られなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みて開発されたものであり、冷凍による蛋白質の変性が防止され、なおかつ、冷凍解凍後の風味が改良された、魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記従来技術の問題点に鑑み、鋭意研究を重ねていたところ、重合燐酸塩及びスクラロースを含有する魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品であって、重合燐酸塩を冷凍食品100重量部中0.05〜0.5重量部含み、スクラロースを重合燐酸塩1重量部に対して0.005〜0.05重量部を含むことにより、冷凍変性が有意に防止され、重合燐酸塩由来の独特の渋味、えぐ味、苦味を有意にマスキングできることが判った。更に、糖類を併用することにより、重合燐酸塩由来の独特の風味を有意にマスキングする効果に影響を与えることなく、重合燐酸塩による冷凍による蛋白質の変性を防止する効果を補足することができた。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて開発されたものであり、以下の態様を有するものである;
項1.重合燐酸塩及びスクラロースを含有する魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品であって、重合燐酸塩を冷凍食品100重量部中0.05〜0.5重量部含み、スクラロースを重合燐酸塩1重量部に対して0.005〜0.05重量部を含むことを特徴とする魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品。
項2.更に、糖類を冷凍食品100重量部中0.5〜20重量部含有する、項1に記載の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品は、まず、重合燐酸塩及びスクラロースを含有することを特徴とする。重合燐酸塩として、具体的には、ピロ燐酸ナトリウム、トリポリ燐酸ナトリウム、ピロ燐酸カリウム、トリポリ燐酸カリウム、メタ燐酸ナトリウムから選ばれる1種又は2種以上をあげることができる。スクラロースは、砂糖の約600倍の甘味度を有する高甘味度甘味料として使用されている物質である。高甘味度甘味料として、他にアスパルテーム、ステビア、アセスルファムカリウム等が知られているが、アスパルテームは耐熱性の点で問題があり、ステビアやアセスルファムカリウムは重合燐酸塩由来の渋味、苦味、えぐ味をマスキングする効果が充分でない。
【0008】
本発明の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品は、重合燐酸塩を冷凍食品100重量部中0.05〜0.5重量部、より好ましくは、0.1〜0.3重量部含む。冷凍食品中当該添加量を含むことにより、冷凍による蛋白質の変性を有意に防止することができるものである。これより添加量が少ないと蛋白質の変性を防止する効果が充分でなく、これ以上添加しても、添加量に見合った効果が見出せず、むしろ味質の低下によるデメリットが大きい。
【0009】
次に、本発明に係るスクラロースの添加量は、重合燐酸塩1重量部に対して0.005〜0.05重量部である。重合燐酸塩に対して、スクラロースの含有量がこれよりも多くなると、スクラロース由来の甘味が最終製品の味に影響を及ぼし好ましくない。また、スクラロース含有量がこれよりも少なくなると、重合燐酸塩由来の独特の味をマスキングする効果が充分でない。当該添加量の範囲内で重合燐酸塩由来の独特の味をマスキングする効果を発揮するものである。なお、甘味の付与を兼ねてスクラロースを使用する場合は、この限りでない。
【0010】
本発明に係る魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品とは、魚肉すり身を主材とし、必要に応じて他の添加剤を加えて加熱等の調理加工したものを冷凍した食品をいう。
【0011】
魚肉すり身の原料として、スケトウダラ、グチ、ハモ、エソ、ワラズカ、キンキ、タチ、トビウオ、サバ、イワシ、サメ、ホッケ、ウナギ等や、オキアミ、カニ、エビ等の甲殻類の肉を挙げることができる。これらを原料として、魚肉すり身は、常法により製造することができ、一例として、原料となる魚肉の処理及び洗浄→採肉→水晒→夾雑物の除去→添加物の混合→成型・充填というような工程をあげることができる。
【0012】
この魚肉すり身を他の原料と混合し、加熱等の加工調理を行ったあと、冷凍し、本発明の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品とすることができる。本発明に係る魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品の具体例として、フィッシュハンバーグ、シュウマイ、フィッシュフライ、かまぼこ、つみれ等の練り製品フライ、卵製品の具材、グラタン等を挙げることができる。更に、魚肉すり身に野菜等の具を加えて、団子、つくね等としてもよく、これらの冷凍食品にも適用できる。
【0013】
本発明の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品には、重合燐酸塩及びスクラロースに加えて、更に、糖類を冷凍食品100重量部中0.5〜20重量部、好ましくは、1〜10重量部を含有すると良い。糖類を更に一定量添加することにより、冷凍による蛋白質の変性の防止効果が更に高くなる。
【0014】
糖類としては、砂糖、果糖、ブドウ糖、水飴、還元水飴、はちみつ、異性化糖、転化糖、オリゴ糖(イソマルトオリゴ糖、還元キシロオリゴ糖、還元ゲンチオオリゴ糖、キシロオリゴ糖、ゲンチオオリゴ糖、ニゲロオリゴ糖、テアンデオリゴ糖、大豆オリゴ糖等)、トレハロース、糖アルコール(マルチトール、エリスリトール、ソルビトール、パラチニット、キシリトール、ラクチトール等)、砂糖結合水飴(カップリングシュガー)等をあげることができる。
【0015】
本発明に係る冷凍食品中の重合燐酸塩、糖類及びスクラロースを添加する方法は、常法により行えば良く、特に限定されないが、重合燐酸塩及び糖類は魚肉すり身を製造時に含有されるように製造する。例えば重合燐酸塩、糖類及びスクラロースを溶解した水溶液に魚肉すり身の主材を浸漬して含浸する方法や、魚肉すり身の主材に直接添加する方法等が挙げられる。前記魚肉すり身の製造工程中では、重合燐酸塩及び糖類の添加時期を、添加物の混合時に添加することにより、有意に蛋白質の変性を防止する効果を発揮する。
【0016】
本発明の冷凍食品には、上記効果に悪影響を与えない限りにおいて、酸化防止剤、乳化剤、調味料、香料、色素、澱粉、澱粉加水分解物、還元澱粉加水分解物等の澱粉類、日持ち向上剤、増粘多糖類、酵母エキス、塩、その他の添加剤を添加しても構わない。
本発明により、冷凍による蛋白質の変性が防止され、なおかつ、冷凍解凍後の風味が改良された、魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品を提供できるようになった。
【0017】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の内容を以下の実施例、比較例等を用いて具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに何ら限定されるものではない。特に断りのない限り、「部」は「重量部」を示すものとし、文中「*」は三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社製を示す。
【0018】
実施例1:冷凍エビシュウマイの調製
豚ミンチ肉10部、むきえび(荒切り)25部、たまねぎ(みじん切り)25部及び食塩1部に、表1の配合で常法により調製したスケトウダラすり身を各30部、各々均一に混合し、市販の皮で包み、成形した。90〜95℃にて15分間蒸煮した後、冷却し、冷凍エビシュウマイを調製した。実施例及び比較例の冷凍エビシュウマイを−40℃にて1ヶ月間保存した後、電子レンジにて加熱調理し、食感と味質について評価を行った。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003782360
【0020】
実施例1のエビシュウマイは滑らかな食感を有し、なおかつ重合燐酸塩特有の味をマスキングし、嗜好性の高いものとなった。それに対して、比較例1のエビシュウマイは、ぼそぼそとした食感があり、また比較例2のエビシュウマイは滑らかな食感となったものの、重合燐酸塩特有の苦味と渋味が感じられた。
すなわち、従来、魚肉すり身加工品の冷凍耐性を上げるために、重合燐酸塩の添加量を増やすと味質の低下が起こるため添加量が限られていたが、スクラロースを併用することにより、冷凍による蛋白質変性防止に充分な重合燐酸塩を添加でき、なおかつ重合燐酸塩由来の苦味、渋味を有意に改善することができた。
【0021】
実施例2:冷凍かまぼこの調製
下記表2の処方に従って調製したスケトウダラすり身各100部に、食塩2部、馬鈴薯澱粉8部、水40部を混合して、常法によりかまぼこを調製した。これらかまぼこを、−40℃にて2週間保存した後、5℃の冷蔵庫に半日間おいて解凍した。得られたかまぼこを、下記の基準に従い、重合燐酸塩由来の苦味と渋味のマスキング効果をみる官能試験、及びかまぼこの冷凍耐性をみるための折り曲げ試験を実施した。結果を表2に記す。
【0022】
マスキング効果の官能評価は、パネラー10名により評価を行い、それぞれの評点を加えた合計点を記した。
【0023】
評点
3点:スタンダードと比較して、明らかに苦味、渋味が低減されている。
2点:スタンダードと比較して、苦味、渋味が低減されている。
1点:スタンダードと比較して、若干苦味、渋味が低減されている。
0点:スタンダードと同等の苦味、渋みを感じる。
【0024】
折り曲げ試験は、かまぼこを厚さ4mm±1mmにスライスし、4つ折り及び2つ折りにしたときの亀裂の度合いを下記の通り評価した。
【0025】
記号
++:4つ折で亀裂を生じない。
+ :2つ折で亀裂を生じないが、4つ折では亀裂を生じる。
− :2つ折で亀裂を生じる。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0003782360
【0027】
表2より、実施例であるかまぼこ4及び5は重合燐酸塩由来の苦味や渋味が有意にマスキングされ、しかも、折り曲げ試験も良好で、冷凍耐性に悪影響を及ぼさなかった。それに対して、スクラロースの添加量が少ないかまぼこ3は、ある程度のマスキング効果は認められたが十分ではなく、逆にスクラロースの添加量が過剰なかまぼこ6はスクラロースの味が強く、魚肉すり身本来の味を損ねてしまっていた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a frozen food obtained by processing surimi fish meat, and relates to a food that can sufficiently prevent protein denaturation due to freezing and has an improved flavor after cooking.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when fish surimi itself is stored frozen or frozen foods are produced using fish surimi, processing the fish meat as it is may result in protein degradation from the fish meat during frozen storage, resulting in degraded quality. It is a problem. Various methods have been adopted as means for preventing the protein denaturation. In particular, the addition of polymerized phosphate alone or in combination with saccharides to raw raw fish meat can prevent protein denaturation due to freezing. Known (Kamaboko Science, May 1999, Naruyamado Shoten).
[0003]
However, if the amount of the polymerized phosphate added is increased in order to sufficiently obtain the effect of preventing protein denaturation due to freezing, there is a further problem that unique astringency, bitterness and bitterness derived from the polymerized phosphate are generated. As a result, the amount of polymerized phosphate added was limited in terms of taste, and a satisfactory protein denaturation preventing effect could not be obtained.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been developed in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a frozen food processed from fish surimi, which prevents protein denaturation by freezing and has improved flavor after freezing and thawing. And
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present inventors have conducted extensive research. As a result, a frozen food obtained by processing fish surimi containing polymerized phosphate and sucralose, the polymerized phosphate being 100 wt. Including 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight, and by including 0.005 to 0.05 parts by weight of sucralose with respect to 1 part by weight of polymerized phosphate, freezing denaturation is significantly prevented and derived from polymerized phosphate It was found that the unique astringent taste, gummy taste, and bitter taste of can be masked significantly. Furthermore, the combined use of saccharides complemented the effect of preventing protein denaturation by freezing with polymerized phosphate without significantly affecting the effect of masking the unique flavor derived from polymerized phosphate. .
[0006]
That is, the present invention has been developed based on such findings and has the following aspects:
Item 1. A frozen food processed from fish meat surimi containing polymerized phosphate and sucralose, containing 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of polymerized phosphate in 100 parts by weight of frozen food, and sucralose to 1 part by weight of polymerized phosphate The frozen food which processed the fish meat surimi characterized by including 0.005-0.05 weight part.
Item 2. Furthermore, the frozen food which processed the fish meat surrogate of claim | item 1 containing 0.5-20 weight part of saccharides in 100 weight part of frozen food.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The frozen food processed from the fish meat surimi according to the present invention is characterized by containing a polymerized phosphate and sucralose. Specific examples of the polymerized phosphate include one or more selected from sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, and sodium metaphosphate. Sucralose is a substance that is used as a high intensity sweetener having a sweetness about 600 times that of sugar. Aspartum, stevia, acesulfame potassium, etc. are also known as high-intensity sweeteners, but aspartame has a problem in terms of heat resistance, and stevia and acesulfame potassium are astringent tastes, bitterness, and bitterness derived from polymerized phosphates. The effect of masking the taste is not enough.
[0008]
The frozen food obtained by processing the fish meat surimi according to the present invention contains 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of polymerized phosphate in 100 parts by weight of the frozen food. By including the added amount in the frozen food, protein denaturation due to freezing can be significantly prevented. If the addition amount is less than this, the effect of preventing protein denaturation is not sufficient, and even if it is added more than this, an effect commensurate with the addition amount cannot be found, but rather the demerit due to a decrease in taste quality is great.
[0009]
Next, the addition amount of sucralose according to the present invention is 0.005 to 0.05 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the polymerized phosphate. When the content of sucralose is higher than the polymer phosphate, the sweetness derived from sucralose affects the taste of the final product, which is not preferable. If the sucralose content is less than this, the effect of masking the unique taste derived from the polymerized phosphate is not sufficient. Within the range of the addition amount, an effect of masking a unique taste derived from the polymerized phosphate is exhibited. However, this does not apply when sucralose is used for sweetness.
[0010]
The frozen food processed from fish meat surimi according to the present invention refers to food obtained by freezing food that has been processed by heating or the like with fish meat surimi as the main ingredient.
[0011]
As raw materials for surimi fish, mention can be made of meat of shellfish such as walleye pollock, guilloche, sea bream, prawn, bracken, kinki, tachi, flying fish, mackerel, sardine, shark, hokke, eel, etc. and krill, crab, shrimp, etc. . Using these as raw materials, fish meat surimi can be produced by conventional methods. For example, processing and washing of raw fish meat → meat collection → water exposure → removal of impurities → mixing of additives → molding and filling Such a process can be mentioned.
[0012]
This fish surimi is mixed with other raw materials, processed and cooked such as by heating, and then frozen to obtain a frozen food obtained by processing the fish surimi of the present invention. Specific examples of frozen foods obtained by processing surimi fish meat according to the present invention include fish hamburger, shumai, fish fried, kamaboko, fried paste such as fish paste, egg product ingredients, gratin and the like. Furthermore, it can be used as dumplings, tsukemen, etc. by adding vegetables and other ingredients to the fish paste, and can also be applied to these frozen foods.
[0013]
The frozen food processed from the fish meat surimi of the present invention contains 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight of sugar in 100 parts by weight of the frozen food, in addition to the polymerized phosphate and sucralose. Good. By further adding a certain amount of saccharide, the effect of preventing protein denaturation by freezing is further enhanced.
[0014]
As sugars, sugar, fructose, glucose, starch syrup, reduced starch syrup, honey, isomerized sugar, invert sugar, oligosaccharide (isomaltooligosaccharide, reduced xylo-oligosaccharide, reduced gentio-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide, gentio-oligosaccharide, nigerooligosaccharide, theande-oligosaccharide, And soy oligosaccharides), trehalose, sugar alcohols (maltitol, erythritol, sorbitol, palatinit, xylitol, lactitol, etc.), sugar-bound starch syrup (coupling sugar), and the like.
[0015]
The method for adding the polymerized phosphate, saccharide and sucralose in the frozen food according to the present invention may be performed by a conventional method, and is not particularly limited, but the polymerized phosphate and saccharide are produced so that fish meat surimi is contained during production. To do. For example, a method of immersing and impregnating the main material of fish meat surimi in an aqueous solution in which polymerized phosphate, saccharide and sucralose are dissolved, a method of adding directly to the main material of fish meat surimi, and the like. In the production process of the surimi fish meat, the effect of significantly preventing protein denaturation is exhibited by adding the addition time of the polymerized phosphate and saccharide when mixing the additives.
[0016]
As long as the frozen food of the present invention does not adversely affect the above effects, antioxidants, emulsifiers, seasonings, fragrances, pigments, starches, starch hydrolysates, reduced starch hydrolysates, etc. Agents, thickening polysaccharides, yeast extracts, salts, and other additives may be added.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a frozen food obtained by processing fish surimi, which prevents protein denaturation due to freezing and has improved flavor after freezing and thawing.
[0017]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the content of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these. Unless otherwise specified, “part” indicates “part by weight”, and “*” in the text indicates that manufactured by San-Ei Gen FFI Co., Ltd.
[0018]
Example 1: Preparation of frozen shrimp shrimp 10 parts of pork minced meat, 25 parts of shrimp (rough cut), 25 parts of onion (chopped) and 1 part of salt were prepared by the conventional method with the composition shown in Table 1. Each 30 parts of walleye paste was mixed uniformly, wrapped in commercially available leather, and molded. After cooking at 90-95 ° C. for 15 minutes, it was cooled to prepare frozen shrimp shrimp. The frozen shrimp shrimp in Examples and Comparative Examples were stored at −40 ° C. for 1 month, then cooked in a microwave oven and evaluated for texture and taste.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003782360
[0020]
The shrimp mai of Example 1 had a smooth texture, masked the taste peculiar to polymerized phosphate, and became highly palatable. In contrast, the shrimp mai of Comparative Example 1 had a soft texture, and the shrimp mai of Comparative Example 2 had a smooth texture, but the bitterness and astringency peculiar to polymerized phosphate were felt. .
That is, conventionally, in order to increase the freezing tolerance of processed fish meat products, the addition amount of polymerized phosphate has been limited due to a decrease in taste quality, but by using sucralose together, Sufficient polymerized phosphate for preventing protein denaturation could be added, and bitterness and astringency derived from polymerized phosphate could be significantly improved.
[0021]
Example 2: Preparation of frozen kamaboko 100 parts of walleye pollock surimi prepared according to the formulation of Table 2 below were mixed with 2 parts of salt, 8 parts of potato starch and 40 parts of water to prepare kamaboko by a conventional method. did. These kamabokos were stored at −40 ° C. for 2 weeks and then thawed in a 5 ° C. refrigerator for half a day. The obtained kamaboko was subjected to a sensory test to see the masking effect of the bitterness and astringency derived from the polymerized phosphate and a bending test to see the freezing resistance of the kamaboko according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0022]
The sensory evaluation of the masking effect was evaluated by 10 panelists, and the total score including each score was recorded.
[0023]
Score 3: The bitterness and astringency are clearly reduced compared to the standard.
2 points: Bitterness and astringency are reduced compared to the standard.
1 point: The bitterness and astringency are slightly reduced compared to the standard.
0 points: I feel bitterness and astringency equivalent to the standard.
[0024]
In the bending test, the kamaboko was sliced to a thickness of 4 mm ± 1 mm, and the degree of cracking when it was folded into four and two was evaluated as follows.
[0025]
Symbol ++: Cracks do not occur in four folds.
+: Cracks do not occur in two folds, but cracks in four folds.
-: A crack occurs in two folds.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003782360
[0027]
From Table 2, the kamabokos 4 and 5 as examples were significantly masked for bitterness and astringency derived from the polymerized phosphate, and the bending test was good, and the freezing resistance was not adversely affected. On the other hand, Kamaboko 3 with a small amount of sucralose added showed some masking effect, but it was not sufficient. Conversely, Kamaboko 6 with an excessive amount of sucralose added had a strong taste of sucralose and had an original taste of fish paste Was damaged.

Claims (2)

重合燐酸塩及びスクラロースを含有する魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品であって、重合燐酸塩を冷凍食品100重量部中0.05〜0.5重量部含み、スクラロースを重合燐酸塩1重量部に対して0.005〜0.05重量部を含むことを特徴とする魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品。A frozen food processed from fish meat surimi containing polymerized phosphate and sucralose, comprising 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of polymerized phosphate in 100 parts by weight of frozen food, and sucralose to 1 part by weight of polymerized phosphate The frozen food which processed the fish meat surimi characterized by including 0.005-0.05 weight part. 更に、糖類を冷凍食品100重量部中0.5〜20重量部含有する請求項1に記載の魚肉すり身を加工した冷凍食品。Furthermore, the frozen food which processed fish meat surimi of Claim 1 which contains 0.5-20 weight part of saccharides in 100 weight part of frozen food.
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