JP3780288B2 - Ground improvement device and ground improvement method - Google Patents

Ground improvement device and ground improvement method Download PDF

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JP3780288B2
JP3780288B2 JP2004199294A JP2004199294A JP3780288B2 JP 3780288 B2 JP3780288 B2 JP 3780288B2 JP 2004199294 A JP2004199294 A JP 2004199294A JP 2004199294 A JP2004199294 A JP 2004199294A JP 3780288 B2 JP3780288 B2 JP 3780288B2
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ground
auger
ground improvement
pressure
improvement device
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JP2006022492A (en
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耕三 大北
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株式会社大北耕商事
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Priority to PCT/JP2005/011432 priority patent/WO2006003823A1/en
Priority to BRPI0512492-1A priority patent/BRPI0512492A/en
Priority to US11/631,442 priority patent/US20080044237A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/126—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and mixing by rotating blades

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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Description

本発明は、軟弱地盤を圧密の地質に改良するための地盤改良装置に関し、詳しくは、地盤を掘削するとともに改良材を掘削孔内から軟弱地盤内に押し出すためのオーガを備えている地盤改良装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a ground improvement device for improving soft ground to compact geology, and more particularly, a ground improvement device provided with an auger for excavating the ground and for extruding the improvement material from the borehole into the soft ground. About.

軟弱地盤を圧密の地質に改良する方法として、オーガ掘削工法が知られている。このオーガ掘削工法を使用した地盤圧密装置が特許文献１に開示されており、これについて図６を参照しながら説明する。   An auger excavation method is known as a method for improving soft ground to compact geology. A ground compaction apparatus using this auger excavation method is disclosed in Patent Document 1, which will be described with reference to FIG.

この地盤圧密装置は、鉛直姿勢とされる筒状のケーシング１０１内に、駆動軸１０２が挿通されている。駆動軸１０２の外周には、下端部から中間部まで、あるいは全長にわたってスクリュー（螺旋翼）１０３が設けられている。駆動軸１０２の下端部は、ケーシング１０１の下端部から突出し、軟弱地盤を掘削するとともに、改良材Ｓを掘削孔から軟弱地盤内に押し出す圧密カム１０４が取り付けられている。改良材Ｓは、掘り上げられた土砂に、山砂、必要に応じてセメントなどを混合したものである。   In this ground compaction device, a drive shaft 102 is inserted into a cylindrical casing 101 in a vertical posture. A screw (spiral blade) 103 is provided on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 102 from the lower end portion to the intermediate portion or over the entire length. A lower end portion of the drive shaft 102 protrudes from the lower end portion of the casing 101, and a compacting cam 104 for excavating the soft ground and pushing the improvement material S from the excavation hole into the soft ground is attached. The improved material S is a mixture of dug up earth and sand, mountain sand, and cement as necessary.

ケーシング１０１の上端部には、油圧モータなどからなる駆動手段１０５が設置され、駆動手段１０５は駆動軸１０２を正回転と逆回転の両方向に回転させる。さらに、ケーシング１０１の上部には、改良材Ｓをケーシング１０１内に投入するためのホッパー１０６が接続されている。   A driving unit 105 such as a hydraulic motor is installed at the upper end of the casing 101. The driving unit 105 rotates the driving shaft 102 in both the forward and reverse directions. Further, a hopper 106 for introducing the improved material S into the casing 101 is connected to the upper portion of the casing 101.

このような地盤圧密装置によって軟弱地盤を圧密の地質に改良するには、まず、駆動軸１０２を正回転させることにより、圧密カム１０４が地盤を掘削しながらスクリュー１０３が掘削された土砂を地上に搬出し、掘削孔を形成する。   In order to improve the soft ground to the compacted geology by using such a ground compaction device, first, the drive shaft 102 is rotated in the forward direction, so that the soil from which the screw 103 has been excavated on the ground while the compaction cam 104 excavates the ground. Unload and form a drilling hole.

その後、駆動軸１０２を逆回転させるとともに、ホッパー１０６からケーシング１０１内に改良材Ｓを投入する。この改良材Ｓは、スクリュー１０３によってケーシング１０１内を下方へ搬送される。このとき、掘削孔がケーシング１０１で囲まれているため、改良材Ｓは軟弱地盤の影響を受けることなく圧密カム１０４まで搬送される。そして、改良材Ｓは、圧密カム１０４が回転することによって、掘削孔から水平方向に押し出される。この改良材Ｓが押し出された水平方向の軟弱地盤は、圧密の地質に改良される。   Thereafter, the drive shaft 102 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the improving material S is put into the casing 101 from the hopper 106. The improvement material S is conveyed downward in the casing 101 by the screw 103. At this time, since the excavation hole is surrounded by the casing 101, the improvement material S is conveyed to the consolidation cam 104 without being affected by the soft ground. And the improvement material S is extruded to a horizontal direction from a drilling hole, when the compaction cam 104 rotates. The horizontal soft ground from which the improving material S is extruded is improved to a compacted geology.

軟弱地盤は、圧密カム１０４の長さとほぼ同じ幅の層状に改良される。したがって、駆動軸１０２とケーシング１０１は、圧密カム１０４の幅分だけ上昇し、既に改良された圧密の地質の地盤上に改良材Ｓが押し出されるようして、圧密の地質を積層するようにする。このようにして、この地盤圧密装置は、駆動軸１０２とケーシング１０１が一定の間隔ごとに上昇し、掘削孔が形成された全深さの地盤を改良される。
特許第３２５９９１０号公報（第６図） The soft ground is improved into a layer having a width substantially the same as the length of the consolidation cam 104. Therefore, the drive shaft 102 and the casing 101 are raised by the width of the consolidation cam 104, and the improved material S is pushed out on the ground of the already improved consolidated geology so that the consolidated geology is laminated. . In this way, the ground compaction apparatus is improved in the ground of the full depth in which the drive shaft 102 and the casing 101 are raised at regular intervals and the excavation holes are formed.
Japanese Patent No. 3259910 (FIG. 6)

従来の地盤圧密装置は、ブームやリーダなどの装置によってケーシング１０１や駆動軸１０２が水平姿勢から鉛直姿勢に姿勢を転換するようにされている。   In the conventional ground compaction device, the casing 101 and the drive shaft 102 are changed from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture by a device such as a boom or a reader.

しかし、特許文献１に開示された地盤圧密装置で使用される駆動手段１０５は、重量のある圧密カム１０４を駆動させなければならず、また、その他の地盤圧密装置であっても、通常、仕事率が１軸に付き約３×１０4（Ｗ）と大型のものが使用されており、ケーシング１０１や駆動軸１０２の姿勢を転換する際に、駆動手段１０５が設置されたケーシング１０１の上端部が不安定となり、その作業は危険なものとなっている。 However, the driving means 105 used in the ground compaction device disclosed in Patent Document 1 must drive the heavy compaction cam 104, and even in other ground compaction devices, it is usually a work. the rate has been used of about 3 × 10 4 (W) and large per axis, when converting the posture of the casing 101 and the drive shaft 102, the upper end of the casing 101 of the drive means 105 is installed Has become unstable and the work is dangerous.

また、従来の地盤改良装置は、特許文献１に開示されたような圧密カム１０４ではなく、断面が直角三角形状のオーガ刃が回転軸に放射状に固定されることがある。   Further, in the conventional ground improvement device, the auger blade having a right-angled triangular section may be radially fixed to the rotation shaft instead of the consolidation cam 104 disclosed in Patent Document 1.

しかし、このような直角三角形状のオーガ刃にあっては、掘削孔内に投入された改良材Ｓがオーガ刃の下方にも押し出され、この下方の地質も圧密となる。すると、オーガ刃は、軟弱地盤を広範囲にわたって地質改良していないにもかかわらず、圧密となった下方の地盤の反力を受けて押し上げられる。したがって、直角三角形状のオーガ刃を使用する地盤改良装置は、軟弱地盤の地質を改良できる範囲が狭く、ケーシング１０１と駆動軸１０２を多くの地点で打ち込まなければならず、作業が長期化する。   However, in such a right triangle auger blade, the improved material S introduced into the excavation hole is pushed out below the auger blade, and the geology below this is also consolidated. Then, although the auger blade has not improved the geology of the soft ground over a wide area, the auger blade is pushed up by the reaction force of the lower ground that has become consolidated. Therefore, the ground improvement device using the right auger-shaped auger blade has a narrow range in which the geology of the soft ground can be improved, and the casing 101 and the drive shaft 102 must be driven at many points, resulting in longer work.

そこで、本発明は、小さな仕事率でもオーガヘッドが回転し、しかも、改良材が水平方向にのみ押し出されるようにした地盤改良装置を提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ground improvement device in which an auger head rotates even at a low work rate and the improvement material is pushed out only in the horizontal direction.

本発明に係る地盤改良装置は、同軸に配置され、かつ、独立して周方向に回転する回転軸および回転筒と、該回転軸の下端部に取り付けられたオーガヘッドと、回転筒の外周に設けられたスクリューとからなるオーガを筒状のケーシング内に挿通した地盤圧密手段が備えられ、正回転側に、軟弱地盤を掘削するための、正回転方向に向かって尖鋭な尖端部を有すると共に、逆回転側に、逆回転方向に対して後方に凹条に窪んだ押圧部を有する複数のオーガ刃が、前記ケーシングから突出している回転軸の下端部に放射状に設けられて前記オーガヘッドが構成されることを特徴としている。 The ground improvement device according to the present invention is arranged coaxially and independently rotates in the circumferential direction, a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder, an auger head attached to a lower end portion of the rotating shaft, and an outer periphery of the rotating cylinder. A ground compaction means is provided with an auger composed of a provided screw inserted into a cylindrical casing, and has a sharp point on the positive rotation side toward the positive rotation direction for excavating soft ground. , the reverse rotation side, a plurality of O over moth blade having a pressing portion recessed concave rearward with respect to the reverse rotational direction is provided in a form radiate the lower end of the rotary shaft protruding from said casing the auger head is characterized Rukoto configured.

この地盤改良装置によれば、回転軸の下端部に放射状に設けられたオーガ刃が回転することによって掘削孔が形成され、この掘削孔内に改良材が投入される。この改良材は、オーガ刃の押圧部に押圧されて軟弱地盤内を水平方向にのみ押し出される。オーガ刃の押圧部が凹条に窪んだ形状とされることにより、改良材は、押圧部の中心側に収束する方向に押圧され、押圧部から拡散することなく、水平方向にのみ押し出され、軟弱地盤が層状に圧密の地質に改良される。しかも、このオーガ刃は、改良材を効率的に軟弱地盤内に押し出すため、小さなトルクで回転することができ、オーガ刃を回転させる駆動手段は、従来よりも軽量化することができる。   According to the ground improvement device, the auger blade provided radially at the lower end portion of the rotating shaft is rotated to form the excavation hole, and the improvement material is introduced into the excavation hole. This improved material is pressed by the pressing portion of the auger blade and is pushed out only in the horizontal direction in the soft ground. By making the pressing part of the auger blade recessed into the groove, the improved material is pressed in the direction converged to the center side of the pressing part, and is pushed out only in the horizontal direction without diffusing from the pressing part, The soft ground is improved into a layered compacted geology. Moreover, since the auger blade efficiently pushes the improved material into the soft ground, it can be rotated with a small torque, and the driving means for rotating the auger blade can be lighter than before.

また、同軸に配置された回転軸および回転筒が独立して回転することにより、回転軸と回転筒の回転方向を反対にし、さらに、回転軸が回転筒よりもわずかに速く回転するようにして、改良材をスクリューによってスムーズに搬送することができる。   In addition, the rotating shaft and the rotating cylinder arranged coaxially rotate independently so that the rotating shaft and the rotating cylinder rotate in opposite directions, and the rotating shaft rotates slightly faster than the rotating cylinder. The improved material can be smoothly conveyed by the screw.

また、前記地盤改良装置において、前記オーガヘッドを備えた地盤圧密手段が複数並列されていることが好ましい。   In the ground improvement device, it is preferable that a plurality of ground compaction means including the auger head are arranged in parallel.

この地盤改良装置によれば、改良材は、各地盤圧密手段によって形成された掘削孔内に投入され、各オーガヘッドの押圧部から押し出される。したがって、改良材は、２方向から押し出され、衝突し合うようになり、各地盤圧密手段間で練り返され、軟質地盤は、より高い圧密の地質の圧密ゾーンに変成される。この圧密ゾーンは、環状の壁のようになって周囲に拡張していく。   According to this ground improvement device, the improvement material is thrown into the excavation hole formed by the local pressure consolidation means, and is pushed out from the pressing portion of each auger head. Therefore, the improvement material is pushed out from two directions and collides with each other, and is crushed between the local consolidation means, so that the soft ground is transformed into a consolidation zone of higher consolidation geology. This consolidation zone expands to the periphery like an annular wall.

また、前記地盤改良装置において、前記オーガヘッドは、押し出される改良材を練り返すことができる程度の低速に回転することが好ましい。   In the ground improvement device, it is preferable that the auger head rotates at a low speed at which the improved material to be extruded can be kneaded back.

この地盤改良装置によれば、オーガヘッドが低速に回転することにより、改良材はゆっくりと押し出され、捏ねるように練り返され、軟弱地盤をますます密度の高い圧密の地質に改良することができる。   According to this ground improvement device, when the auger head rotates at a low speed, the improved material is pushed out slowly, kneaded to knead, and the soft ground can be improved to a denser and denser geology. .

また、前記地盤改良装置において、前記オーガヘッドは、負荷の大きさに従って変動する電流値が所定値となると停止するように制御される電気モータによって回転することが好ましい。   In the ground improvement device, it is preferable that the auger head is rotated by an electric motor that is controlled to stop when a current value that fluctuates according to the magnitude of the load reaches a predetermined value.

この地盤改良装置によれば、電気モータは、圧密となっていない軟弱地盤内に改良材が押し出されている状態において小さな電流で回転し、軟弱地盤が圧密に改良されると、電流が大きくなって回転する。軟弱地盤が圧密となりすぎると、オーガ刃は回転することができなくなるため、この限界となる最大の電流よりもわずかに小さな電流が流れると、電気モータは停止するように制御される。また、地盤圧密手段から離隔した地点の軟弱地盤が所期の圧密状態となるときの電気モータの電流値を予め検出しておくことにより、その電流値が電気モータに流れたときに、電気モータを停止するようにすることができる。   According to this ground improvement device, the electric motor rotates with a small current in a state where the improvement material is pushed into the soft ground that is not compacted, and the current increases when the soft ground is compacted. Rotate. If the soft ground becomes too compact, the auger blade cannot rotate, and the electric motor is controlled to stop when a current slightly smaller than the maximum current that is the limit flows. In addition, by detecting in advance the current value of the electric motor when the soft ground at a point separated from the ground compaction means is in a desired consolidated state, when the current value flows to the electric motor, the electric motor Can be stopped.

また、前記地盤改良装置において、地中に埋め込まれ、かつ、先端部と本体部とに分離可能なパイプと、該パイプが分離されると露出するようにパイプ内に収納され、かつ、所定の圧力を受けると変形する感圧体と、該感圧体の変形状態から感圧体に加えられた圧力を計測する計測器とを備えた圧力計測手段が組み合わされていることが好ましい。   Further, in the ground improvement device, a pipe embedded in the ground and separable into a tip part and a main body part, and stored in the pipe so as to be exposed when the pipe is separated, and a predetermined part It is preferable to combine pressure measuring means including a pressure sensitive body that deforms when subjected to pressure and a measuring instrument that measures the pressure applied to the pressure sensitive body from the deformation state of the pressure sensitive body.

この地盤改良装置によれば、圧力計測手段が地盤圧密手段から離隔した地中に埋め込まれることにより、その地点での軟弱地盤が所期の圧密に達したことを検知することができる。また、感圧体がパイプ内に収納されていることにより、パイプを効率的に地中に埋め込むことができ、また、感圧体が改良された土に押圧されて変形することにより、軟弱地盤の圧密状態を正確に検知することができる。   According to this ground improvement device, the pressure measuring means is embedded in the ground separated from the ground compacting means, so that it can be detected that the soft ground at that point has reached the desired compaction. In addition, since the pressure sensitive body is housed in the pipe, the pipe can be efficiently embedded in the ground, and when the pressure sensitive body is pressed against the improved soil and deformed, the soft ground It is possible to accurately detect the compaction state.

また、本発明に係る地盤改良方法は、前記の地盤改良装置を使用する地盤改良方法であって、掘り上げられた土砂にフィラメント状態の締結材が混入されている改良材を、オーガ刃の押圧部によって軟弱地盤内に押し出すことを特徴としている。   Further, the ground improvement method according to the present invention is a ground improvement method using the ground improvement device described above, wherein the improvement material in which the fastening material in the filament state is mixed in the dug up soil is pressed by the auger blade. It is characterized by being pushed out into soft ground by the part.

この地盤改良方法によれば、フィラメント状態の締結材が繋ぎ材として作用し、改良材がより一層硬くなり、軟弱地盤をますます密度の高い圧密の地質に改良することができる。   According to this ground improvement method, the fastening material in the filament state acts as a connecting material, the improvement material becomes harder, and the soft ground can be improved to a denser and denser geology.

本発明によれば、凹条に窪んだ押圧部を有する複数の楔形のオーガ刃が、ケーシングから突出している回転軸の下端部に放射状に設けられたことにより、掘削孔に投入された改良材は、押圧部の中心側に収束して軟弱地盤内に押し出される。したがって、軟弱地盤は層状に圧密の地質に改良されるため、オーガ刃は、下方から反力を受けることがなく、上方に移動することがない。この結果、本地盤改良装置は、軟弱地盤を広範囲にわたって圧密の地質に改良することができ、作業性を向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, a plurality of wedge-shaped auger blades having pressing parts recessed in the recesses are provided radially at the lower end portion of the rotating shaft protruding from the casing, so that the improved material introduced into the excavation hole Is converged on the center side of the pressing portion and pushed out into the soft ground. Therefore, since the soft ground is improved into a layered and consolidated geology, the auger blade does not receive a reaction force from below and does not move upward. As a result, the ground improvement device can improve the soft ground to a compact geology over a wide range, and can improve workability.

また、オーガは、小さなトルクで回転することができるため、回転軸を回転させる駆動手段を従来よりも軽量化することができる。したがって、この地盤圧密手段は、水平姿勢と鉛直姿勢とに転換するときに、上端部が不安定とならず、人身事故などが起きないように安全性を向上させることができる。   Further, since the auger can rotate with a small torque, the driving means for rotating the rotating shaft can be made lighter than before. Therefore, the ground compaction means can improve safety so that the upper end portion does not become unstable and a personal injury or the like does not occur when switching between the horizontal posture and the vertical posture.

本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態について図１ないし図５を参照しながら説明する。この地盤改良装置は、地盤圧密手段Ａや圧力計測手段Ｂなどを中心に構成されている。   An embodiment of a ground improvement device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This ground improvement device is mainly composed of ground compaction means A and pressure measurement means B.

地盤圧密手段Ａは図１に示すように、地中内を鉛直方向に昇降動する筒状のケーシング１０と、このケーシング１０内に挿通されるオーガ２０とを備えている。オーガ２０は、同軸に配置される回転軸２１および回転筒２２と、この回転軸２１の下端部に取り付けられたオーガヘッド２３と、回転軸２１の外周に設けられたスクリュー２４とから構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the ground compaction means A includes a cylindrical casing 10 that moves up and down in the ground in the vertical direction, and an auger 20 that is inserted into the casing 10. The auger 20 includes a rotating shaft 21 and a rotating cylinder 22 that are arranged coaxially, an auger head 23 attached to the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 21, and a screw 24 provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 21. Yes.

回転軸２１の下端部は、ケーシング１０の下端部から突出してオーガヘッド２３が取り付けられている。オーガヘッド２３は、図２（ａ）に示すように、複数のオーガ刃３０，３０，３０が等間隔で放射状に設けられている。オーガ刃３０は、図示したような３枚以外に、任意の枚数設けることができる。また、オーガ刃３０の先端部は、ケーシング１０の外周よりもわずかに突出する、換言すれば、ケーシング１０の外側面がオーガ刃３０の先端部よりも内側に位置するようにされている。   The lower end portion of the rotating shaft 21 protrudes from the lower end portion of the casing 10 and an auger head 23 is attached. As shown in FIG. 2A, the auger head 23 is provided with a plurality of auger blades 30, 30, 30 radially at equal intervals. The auger blade 30 can be provided in any number other than the three as shown. Further, the tip of the auger blade 30 protrudes slightly from the outer periphery of the casing 10, in other words, the outer surface of the casing 10 is positioned inside the tip of the auger blade 30.

そして、各オーガ刃３０は、例えば平板を楔形に完全溶接して成形され、底部３１と掘削部３２と押圧部３３とが設けられ、これら３１，３２，３３によって囲まれる内部が中空状態とされ、軽量化が図られている。底部３１は、図２（ｂ）〜（ｄ）に示すように回転軸２１に対して直角方向を向いており、幅が回転軸２１の方から先端側にかけて次第に狭くなるようにされている。また、掘削部３２は、底部３１の一端縁から傾斜し、回転軸２１の方から先端まで同じ高さとされている。底部３１と掘削部３２とによって形成される尖端部３４が軟弱地盤を掘削する。   Each auger blade 30 is formed by, for example, completely welding a flat plate into a wedge shape, and is provided with a bottom portion 31, an excavation portion 32, and a pressing portion 33, and the interior surrounded by these 31, 32, 33 is made hollow. The weight is reduced. As shown in FIGS. 2B to 2D, the bottom portion 31 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 21, and the width is gradually narrowed from the rotating shaft 21 toward the tip side. Further, the excavation part 32 is inclined from one end edge of the bottom part 31 and has the same height from the rotating shaft 21 to the tip. A pointed portion 34 formed by the bottom 31 and the excavating portion 32 excavates the soft ground.

さらに、押圧部３３は、底部３１の他端縁と掘削部３２の上端縁との間で凹条に窪み、下側突出部３３ａと上側突出部３３ｂとが設けられている。この押圧部３３は、図２（ｂ）〜（ｄ）に示すようにく字形（図面では逆く字形）のように屈曲するような形状とされる。ただし、オーガ刃３０を押出し成形や射出成形などによって形成するときは、押圧部３３は、く字形のほか、円弧形などとしてもよい。   Further, the pressing portion 33 is recessed in a recess between the other end edge of the bottom portion 31 and the upper end edge of the excavating portion 32, and a lower protruding portion 33a and an upper protruding portion 33b are provided. As shown in FIGS. 2B to 2D, the pressing portion 33 is shaped to be bent like a square shape (in the drawing, a reverse square shape). However, when the auger blade 30 is formed by extrusion molding, injection molding, or the like, the pressing portion 33 may be arcuate in addition to the square shape.

いずれにしても、凹条に窪んだ押圧部３３によって、掘削孔内に投入された改良材は、押圧部３３の最も深い中心側（下側突出部３３ａと上側突出部３３ｂの境界部側）に収束し、水平方向にのみ押し出される。すなわち、押圧部３３が平坦であるときは、改良材は押圧部３３の幅よりも広がって下方にも押し出されるが、押圧部３３が凹条に窪み、下側突出部３３ａと上側突出部３３ｂとが設けられることにより、改良材は下側突出部３３ａによって上向きに押され、上側突出部３３ｂによって下向きに押され、合力として水平方向にのみ押し出される。   In any case, the improved material thrown into the excavation hole by the depression 33 depressed in the recess is the deepest center side of the depression 33 (the boundary between the lower protrusion 33a and the upper protrusion 33b). Converges and is pushed out only in the horizontal direction. That is, when the pressing portion 33 is flat, the improving material is wider than the pressing portion 33 and is pushed downward, but the pressing portion 33 is recessed into the recess, and the lower protruding portion 33a and the upper protruding portion 33b. Is provided, the improvement material is pushed upward by the lower protrusion 33a, is pushed downward by the upper protrusion 33b, and is pushed out only in the horizontal direction as a resultant force.

なお、改良材としては、背景技術において説明したように、掘り上げられた土砂に山砂、必要に応じてセメントなどを混入したものであってもよいが、掘り上げられた土砂に、山砂やセメントなどとともに、あるいは山砂やセメントなどを混入しないで、フィラメント状態の締結材を混入したものを使用することが好ましい。この締結材としては、例えば炭化結晶した竹やジュート、あるいは、ＰＥＴを短冊状に切断した切片を使用する。   In addition, as described in the background art, the improvement material may be a material obtained by mixing piled sand and mountain sand, and cement or the like if necessary. It is preferable to use a material in which a filamentary fastening material is mixed without mixing sand, cement, or the like. As the fastening material, for example, bamboo or jute that is carbonized and crystallized, or a section obtained by cutting PET into strips is used.

竹やジュートは、天然の素材であるため、腐敗しても土砂内に溶け込むことができる。一方、ＰＥＴは、改良材の締結材として使用することにより、通常のリサイクルで行われている水洗いの必要がなく、低コストで再利用することができる。いずれにしても、締結材は、50mm〜150mm程度の長さのフィラメント状態とされ、改良材の繋ぎ材として作用する。   Bamboo and jute are natural materials, so they can melt into the soil even if they rot. On the other hand, PET can be reused at a low cost by using it as a fastening material for an improved material, without the need for water washing that is normally performed by recycling. In any case, the fastening material is in a filament state having a length of about 50 mm to 150 mm, and acts as a connecting material for the improved material.

このようなオーガヘッド２３が取り付けられた回転軸２１と、スクリュー２４を設けた回転筒２２とは、オーガ２０の上端部に設置された駆動手段（図示せず）によって独立して周方向に正逆両回転し、好ましくは、速度比が例えば0.9：1のように回転筒２２がわずかに速く回転するようにされている。回転軸２１と回転筒２２とがこのような速度比で、逆方向回転することにより、掘削された土や改良材が詰まることなくスムーズに搬送されるようにすることができる。   The rotating shaft 21 to which such an auger head 23 is attached and the rotating cylinder 22 provided with the screw 24 are independently aligned in the circumferential direction by a driving means (not shown) installed at the upper end of the auger 20. Both rotations are reversed, and preferably, the rotating cylinder 22 rotates slightly faster such that the speed ratio is, for example, 0.9: 1. By rotating the rotating shaft 21 and the rotating cylinder 22 in the reverse direction at such a speed ratio, the excavated soil and the improved material can be smoothly conveyed without clogging.

駆動手段は、オーガ刃３０が楔形とされることにより、また、回転軸２１と回転筒２２とが逆方向に回転するようにすることにより、約7.5×104（Ｗ）の仕事率を有するような従来よりも軽量のものが使用される。この駆動手段は、遊星歯車（図示せず）によって1/20〜1/200に減速され、回転軸２１および回転筒２２が例えば25rpm程度の低速で回転するようにされている。 The drive means has a power of about 7.5 × 10 4 (W) by making the auger blade 30 wedge-shaped and by allowing the rotating shaft 21 and the rotating cylinder 22 to rotate in opposite directions. Such a lighter one than the conventional one is used. This driving means is decelerated to 1/20 to 1/200 by a planetary gear (not shown), and the rotating shaft 21 and the rotating cylinder 22 are rotated at a low speed of about 25 rpm, for example.

このような駆動手段としては、エンジン発電機（図示せず）によって駆動される電気モータが使用される。電気モータは、小さなトルクで回転するときは小さな電流が流れ、大きなトルクで回転するときは大きな電流が流れるようにされている。したがって、改良材が小さなトルクで軟弱地盤内に押し出し始める初期の段階においては、電気モータは小さな電流で回転する。そして、軟弱地盤が圧密となり、改良材が大きなトルクで押し出される段階において、電気モータは大きな電流で回転する。軟弱地盤が必要以上に圧密となっているにもかかわらず、改良材が押し出されると、オーガ刃３０が回転できなくなる。   As such a driving means, an electric motor driven by an engine generator (not shown) is used. When the electric motor rotates with a small torque, a small current flows, and when the electric motor rotates with a large torque, a large current flows. Therefore, in the initial stage where the improved material starts to be pushed into the soft ground with a small torque, the electric motor rotates with a small current. Then, when the soft ground becomes consolidated and the improvement material is pushed out with a large torque, the electric motor rotates with a large current. Even if the soft ground is more compacted than necessary, the auger blade 30 cannot rotate when the improving material is pushed out.

そこで、この駆動手段には、軟弱地盤が所定の圧密に改良される状態において流れる電流値が検知されると、電気モータを停止するようにする制御部が組み込まれている。この制御部は、電気モータを流れる電流をデジタル数値に変換するＡ−Ｄ変換器と、そのデジタル数値化された電流値が停止させるべき電流値よりも小さいか、大きいかを比較するコンピュータなどの比較器とを備えている。   In view of this, the driving means incorporates a control unit that stops the electric motor when a current value flowing in a state where the soft ground is improved to a predetermined compaction is detected. This control unit includes an AD converter that converts the current flowing through the electric motor into a digital value, and a computer that compares whether the digital value is smaller or larger than the current value to be stopped. And a comparator.

そして、本地盤圧密手段Ａは、図３に示すように、３軸に並列されて使用されるため、各地盤圧密手段Ａの回転軸２１と回転筒２２はそれぞれ専用の電気モータによって回転するようにされている。いずれかの電気モータを流れる電流値が停止させるときの電流値となると、他の電気モータも停止するようにされている。なお、２列の地盤圧密手段Ａに近接して２本の支柱１１，１１が立てられ、各支柱１１，１１が桁材１２で連結されることにより、オーガ刃３０が安定して掘削することができるようにされている。   Since the ground compaction means A is used in parallel with three axes as shown in FIG. 3, the rotary shaft 21 and the rotary cylinder 22 of the local density compaction means A are rotated by dedicated electric motors. Has been. When the current value flowing through one of the electric motors becomes the current value for stopping, the other electric motors are also stopped. In addition, the two support | pillars 11 and 11 stand up close to the 2 rows of ground compaction means A, and each support | pillar 11 and 11 is connected with the girder material 12, and the auger blade 30 excavates stably. Have been able to.

そして、電気モータを駆動させるエンジン発電機は、地盤圧密手段Ａを鉛直姿勢としたり水平姿勢としたりとするブームやリーダなどの装置を作動させる油圧ポンプ（図示せず）も作動させる。電気モータと油圧ポンプとは同時に作動しないため、エンジン発電機は、１台で電気モータと油圧ポンプとを切り替えて作動させる。   The engine generator that drives the electric motor also operates a hydraulic pump (not shown) that activates a device such as a boom or a reader that sets the ground compaction means A to a vertical posture or a horizontal posture. Since the electric motor and the hydraulic pump do not operate simultaneously, the engine generator is operated by switching between the electric motor and the hydraulic pump.

そして、本地盤改良装置は、このような地盤圧密手段Ａから離隔した位置で使用する圧力計測手段Ｂが組み合わされる。この圧力計測手段Ｂは、図５に示すように、中空のパイプ４０と、風船のように膨張・収縮する感圧体５０と、この感圧体５０の収縮状態を計測する計測器（図示せず）とを備えている。   And this ground improvement apparatus is combined with the pressure measurement means B used in the position separated from such ground compaction means A. As shown in FIG. 5, the pressure measuring means B includes a hollow pipe 40, a pressure sensing body 50 that expands and contracts like a balloon, and a measuring instrument (not shown) that measures the contraction state of the pressure sensing body 50. )).

パイプ４０は、下側の先端部４１と上側の本体部４２とが分離可能に連結されて、この連結部分に嵌合し合う櫛歯部４１ａ，４２ａが設けられている。また、先端部４１の上端部には、感圧体５０を載せる支持盤４３が取り付けられ、本体部４２の下端部には、感圧体５０を衝止する受け板４４が突設されている。また、感圧体５０内には、感圧体５０が収縮できるような油、水または空気などの流動体が充填され、この流動体が流れる耐圧性のホース５１が感圧体５０に接続され、収縮した状態の感圧体５０の体積が計測器によって計測され、軟弱地盤が圧密の地質に改良されているかどうかを検知することができるようにされている。   In the pipe 40, a lower end portion 41 and an upper body portion 42 are connected to each other in a separable manner, and comb teeth portions 41a and 42a that are fitted to the connecting portions are provided. A support plate 43 on which the pressure sensitive body 50 is placed is attached to the upper end portion of the distal end portion 41, and a receiving plate 44 that stops the pressure sensitive body 50 protrudes from the lower end portion of the main body portion 42. . The pressure sensitive body 50 is filled with a fluid such as oil, water or air that can contract the pressure sensitive body 50, and a pressure-resistant hose 51 through which the fluid flows is connected to the pressure sensitive body 50. The volume of the pressure-sensitive body 50 in a contracted state is measured by a measuring instrument so that it can be detected whether or not the soft ground has been improved to a consolidated geology.

この実施形態における地盤改良装置は、以上のように構成され、次に、地盤改良の方法について説明する。   The ground improvement device in this embodiment is configured as described above. Next, a ground improvement method will be described.

まず、オーガ２０を打ち込む地点から所定の距離だけ離れた地点に圧力計測手段Ｂのパイプ４０を埋め込む。パイプ４０は、図５（ａ）に示すように、先端部４１と本体部４２とが接合し、支持盤４３上に感圧体５０を載せた状態で地中に埋め込まれる。感圧体５０内には、流動体が充填され、膨張した状態となっている。パイプ４０は、地盤改良する最も深い位置に感圧体５０が位置するまで埋め込まれる。感圧体５０は、パイプ４０内に収納されているため損傷することがない。   First, the pipe 40 of the pressure measuring means B is embedded at a point away from the point where the auger 20 is driven by a predetermined distance. As shown in FIG. 5A, the pipe 40 is embedded in the ground with the tip portion 41 and the main body portion 42 joined and the pressure sensitive body 50 placed on the support plate 43. The pressure sensitive body 50 is filled with a fluid and is in an expanded state. The pipe 40 is embedded until the pressure sensitive body 50 is located at the deepest position where the ground is improved. Since the pressure sensitive body 50 is accommodated in the pipe 40, it is not damaged.

そして、本体部４２のみが図５（ｂ）に示すように、感圧体５０の直径程度上昇して先端部４１から離隔し、膨張した状態の感圧体５０が地中内に露出するようにする。また、受け板４４がオーガ２０を打ち込む側と反対側に位置し、感圧体５０がオーガ２０を打ち込む側に位置している。   Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), only the main body portion 42 rises about the diameter of the pressure sensitive body 50 and is separated from the tip portion 41, so that the expanded pressure sensitive body 50 is exposed in the ground. To. Further, the receiving plate 44 is positioned on the side opposite to the side where the auger 20 is driven, and the pressure sensitive body 50 is positioned on the side where the auger 20 is driven.

一方、地盤圧密手段Ａは、エンジン発電機が油圧ポンプを駆動することによって、水平姿勢から鉛直姿勢に転換される。駆動手段が従来よりも小型・軽量化されているため、オーガ２０は安定して姿勢が転換される。   On the other hand, the ground compaction means A is changed from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture by the engine generator driving a hydraulic pump. Since the drive means is smaller and lighter than before, the auger 20 is stably changed in posture.

そして、地盤圧密手段Ａが鉛直姿勢となると、エンジン発電機は、油圧ポンプから切り替えて、電気モータを駆動し、回転軸２１を正方向に回転させ、回転筒２２を逆方向に回転させる。すると、オーガヘッド２３が正方向（図２（ａ）のＦ方向）に回転し、オーガ刃３０の尖端部３４が地中に食い込み、軟弱地盤の土が回転筒２２とケーシング１０との間に押し上げられ、そして、逆方向に回転しているスクリュー２４によって上方へ搬送されることにより、軟弱地盤が掘削され、掘削孔が形成される。   When the ground compaction means A assumes a vertical posture, the engine generator switches from the hydraulic pump, drives the electric motor, rotates the rotating shaft 21 in the forward direction, and rotates the rotating cylinder 22 in the reverse direction. Then, the auger head 23 rotates in the forward direction (the F direction in FIG. 2A), the pointed portion 34 of the auger blade 30 bites into the ground, and the soil of the soft ground is between the rotating cylinder 22 and the casing 10. By being pushed up and conveyed upward by the screw 24 rotating in the opposite direction, the soft ground is excavated and an excavation hole is formed.

また、ケーシング１０は、外側面がオーガ刃３０の先端部よりも内側に位置しているため、形成された掘削孔内に挿入されていく。したがって、掘削孔は、ケーシング１０に囲まれ、軟弱地盤が崩れて埋め戻されることがない。   Moreover, since the outer side surface is located inside the front-end | tip part of the auger blade 30, the casing 10 is inserted in the formed excavation hole. Therefore, the excavation hole is surrounded by the casing 10 and the soft ground is not collapsed and backfilled.

所定の深さまで掘削されると、電気モータは回転軸２１を逆方向に回転させ、回転筒２２を正方向に回転させながら改良材を掘削孔内に投入する。改良材は、フィラメント状態の締結材を混入したものが好ましいが、軟弱地盤の状態などに応じて、掘り上げられた土砂に山砂やセメントなどを混入したものを使用することもできる。いずれにしても、回転軸２１と回転筒２２の回転速度を例えば０．９：１のように回転筒２２の速度をわずかに速くすることにより、改良材は、ケーシング１０内で詰まることもなくスムーズにオーガヘッド２３の方へ搬送される。 When excavated to a predetermined depth, the electric motor rotates the rotating shaft 21 in the reverse direction and throws the improved material into the excavation hole while rotating the rotating cylinder 22 in the forward direction. The improvement material is preferably mixed with a fastening material in a filament state, but depending on the state of the soft ground, it is also possible to use a material in which mountain sand or cement is mixed in the dug up soil. In any case, the improvement material can be prevented from being clogged in the casing 10 by slightly increasing the speed of the rotary cylinder 22 such as 0.9: 1. It is smoothly conveyed toward the auger head 23.

そして、改良材は、オーガヘッド２３が逆方向（図２（ａ）のＲ方向）に回転することにより、各オーガ刃３０の押圧部３３に押圧される。押圧部３３は、凹条に窪んだ形状とされ、下側突出部３３ａと上側突出部３３ｂが改良材を押圧する。押圧部３３が平坦であれば、改良材は、押圧部３３の幅方向（上下方向）に広がってオーガ刃３０の下方へ押し出される。しかし、凹条に窪んだ形状の押圧部３３は、下側突出部３３ａと上側突出部３３ｂが改良材を中心側に収束するような力を加えるため、この力が合力となって、改良材は水平方向にのみ押し出され、軟弱地盤は図４に示すように層状に圧密となった地質（濃い網掛け部分）に改良される。 And the improvement material is pressed by the pressing part 33 of each auger blade 30 when the auger head 23 rotates in the reverse direction (R direction of Fig.2 ( a )). The pressing portion 33 has a shape that is recessed in the groove, and the lower protruding portion 33a and the upper protruding portion 33b press the improvement material. If the flat pressing portion 33, modifying material is extruded below the auger blades 30 extend in the width direction of the pressing part 3 3 (vertical direction). However, since the pressing portion 33 having a shape recessed in the concave stripe applies a force such that the lower protruding portion 33a and the upper protruding portion 33b converge the improving material to the center side, this force becomes a resultant force, and the improving material Is pushed out only in the horizontal direction, and the soft ground is improved to a layered structure (dark shaded portion) as shown in FIG.

さらに、本地盤改良装置は、地盤圧密手段Ａが３列に並べられているため、隣り合っているオーガヘッド２３から改良材が押し出され、改良材は図３に示すように、２方向から押し出され、衝突しあうように突き合わされ、捏ねられるように練り返され、改良材に含まれている砂などが隙間なく密着し、強固に圧密となる。さらに、オーガ刃３０が低速で回転することにより、改良材には大きな力が加えられ、軟弱地盤は、ますます圧密の地質に改良される。   Further, in the ground improvement device, since the ground compaction means A are arranged in three rows, the improvement material is pushed out from the adjacent auger heads 23, and the improvement material is pushed out from two directions as shown in FIG. Then, they are abutted so as to collide with each other, and are kneaded so as to be kneaded, and the sand contained in the improving material adheres tightly and becomes firmly consolidated. Further, when the auger blade 30 rotates at a low speed, a large force is applied to the improved material, and the soft ground is improved to a more compacted geology.

このようにして、地盤圧密手段Ａの周囲の軟弱地盤は、図３に示すような圧密ゾーンＷに変成される。この圧密ゾーンＷは、掘削孔内に次々と投入される改良材がオーガ刃３０の押圧部３３から押し出されることにより、次第に広範囲に広がっていく。   In this way, the soft ground around the ground compaction means A is transformed into a consolidation zone W as shown in FIG. The consolidation zone W is gradually spread over a wide range as the improved material successively fed into the excavation hole is pushed out from the pressing portion 33 of the auger blade 30.

そして、改良材がオーガヘッド２３よりも下側に押し出されないことから、オーガヘッド２３よりも下側は圧密の地質にならず、オーガヘッド２３が下側から反力を受けることがない。したがって、圧密ゾーンＷは広範囲に拡張される。   And since an improved material is not extruded below the auger head 23, the lower side than the auger head 23 does not become a compacted geology, and the auger head 23 does not receive a reaction force from the lower side. Therefore, the consolidation zone W is expanded over a wide range.

そして、圧密ゾーンＷは感圧体５０が露出している圧力計測手段Ｂまで到達する。感圧体５０は、図５（ｂ）に示すように圧密の土と受け板４４とに挟まれる。感圧体５０は、受け板４４によって軟弱地盤内に埋め込まれることがないため、圧密の土の圧力によって圧縮される。感圧体５０が所定の圧力まで圧縮されていることを計測器が検出すると、軟弱地盤が所定の範囲で圧密の地質に改良されたことを検知することができる。そして、圧力計測手段Ｂから出力される信号が駆動手段に送られ、電気モータが停止する。   The consolidation zone W reaches the pressure measuring means B where the pressure sensitive body 50 is exposed. The pressure sensitive body 50 is sandwiched between the compacted soil and the backing plate 44 as shown in FIG. Since the pressure sensitive body 50 is not embedded in the soft ground by the receiving plate 44, it is compressed by the pressure of the compacted soil. When the measuring instrument detects that the pressure-sensitive body 50 is compressed to a predetermined pressure, it can be detected that the soft ground has been improved to a consolidated geology within a predetermined range. And the signal output from the pressure measurement means B is sent to a drive means, and an electric motor stops.

なお、圧力計測手段Ｂが所定の圧力を検出する以前に、オーガヘッド２３の周囲が圧密になりすぎ、電気モータが停止すべき所定値の電流が流れていることが制御部によって検知されると、電気モータは停止するようにされている。   Note that before the pressure measuring means B detects the predetermined pressure, the control unit detects that the surrounding of the auger head 23 becomes too compact and a predetermined value of current that should be stopped by the electric motor is flowing. The electric motor is supposed to stop.

このようにして、掘削孔の最も深い部分の軟弱地盤が層状の圧密ゾーンＷに変成されると、図４の仮想線に示すように、オーガ２０が所定の距離だけ上昇する。そして、前記と同様、回転軸２１が逆方向に回転し、回転筒２２が正方向に回転しながら、掘削孔内に改良材が投入され、この改良材が既に変成された圧密ゾーンＷの上に押し出され、圧密の地質の層を積み重ねる。ただし、電気モータは、圧力計測手段Ｂが再度、感圧体５０の圧縮量を検知して停止するのではなく、既に検知された電流に達することによって停止する。   In this way, when the soft ground at the deepest part of the excavation hole is transformed into the layered consolidation zone W, the auger 20 is raised by a predetermined distance as shown by the phantom line in FIG. As described above, while the rotating shaft 21 rotates in the reverse direction and the rotating cylinder 22 rotates in the forward direction, the improvement material is introduced into the excavation hole, and the improvement material is already transformed into the upper part of the consolidation zone W. Extruded into a pile of consolidated geological layers. However, the electric motor is not stopped by the pressure measuring means B again detecting the compression amount of the pressure-sensitive body 50, but is stopped by reaching the already detected current.

このようにして、圧密ゾーンＷの層が地表まで重ねられると、この地点での作業が終了し、本地盤改良装置は次の地点へ移動し、前記と同じ作業を繰り返す。一方、圧力測定手段は、パイプ４０の先端部４１と感圧体５０とを地中に残し、パイプ４０の本体部４２を地中から引き抜き、パイプ４０によって開けられた孔に土を戻す。引き抜かれたパイプ４０の本体部４２や計測器は再度、使用する。   Thus, when the layer of the consolidation zone W is piled up to the ground surface, the work at this point is finished, and the ground improvement device moves to the next point and repeats the same work as described above. On the other hand, the pressure measuring means leaves the tip portion 41 of the pipe 40 and the pressure sensitive body 50 in the ground, pulls out the main body portion 42 of the pipe 40 from the ground, and returns the soil to the hole opened by the pipe 40. The main body portion 42 and the measuring instrument of the pulled pipe 40 are used again.

なお、本発明は、前記の実施形態に限定することなく特許請求の範囲に記載した技術的事項の範囲内において種々変更することができる。例えば、本発明は、圧力測定装置を組み合わせることなく、また、地盤圧密手段Ａは１台のみ、または４台以上で実施することもできる。   In addition, this invention can be variously changed within the range of the technical matter described in the claim, without being limited to the said embodiment. For example, the present invention can be implemented without combining pressure measuring devices and with only one or four or more ground compaction means A.

さらに、前記の実施形態では、第１回目の地盤改良において、圧力計測手段Ｂによって軟弱地盤が圧密に改良されたことを検知して電気モータを停止する場合について説明したが、第１回目の地盤改良においても、所定値の電流が電気モータに流れると、電気モータが停止して、オーガ２０が所定の距離だけ上昇するようにし、圧力計測手段Ｂは単に軟弱地盤が圧密に改良されたことを確認するためにだけ使用することもできる。この場合は、第１回目において地盤が所定の圧密に改良されていなければ、第２回目以降において、地盤が所定の圧密に改良されるように、モータが停止する電流値を調整する。   Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, in the first ground improvement, the case where the electric motor is stopped by detecting that the soft ground has been compacted by the pressure measuring means B has been described. Also in the improvement, when a current of a predetermined value flows to the electric motor, the electric motor is stopped and the auger 20 is raised by a predetermined distance, and the pressure measuring means B simply improves the soft ground. It can also be used for confirmation only. In this case, if the ground is not improved to a predetermined compaction in the first time, the current value at which the motor stops is adjusted so that the ground is improved to the predetermined compaction in the second time and thereafter.

本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態であって、地盤圧密手段を示す概略断面正面図である。It is one Embodiment of the ground improvement apparatus which concerns on this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic sectional front view which shows a ground compaction means. （ａ）は本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態を示す概略断面平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＸ−Ｘ線断面図、（ｃ）は（ａ）のＹ−Ｙ線断面図、（ｄ）はＺ−Ｚ線断面図である。(A) is a schematic cross-sectional top view which shows one Embodiment of the ground improvement apparatus which concerns on this invention, (b) is XX sectional drawing of (a), (c) is YY sectional view of (a). FIG. 4D is a sectional view taken along the line ZZ. 本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態を示す概略断面平面図である。It is a schematic sectional top view which shows one Embodiment of the ground improvement apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態であって、図３のＶ−Ｖ線概略断面図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 3, illustrating an embodiment of the ground improvement device according to the present invention. 本発明に係る地盤改良装置の一実施形態であって、（ａ）は圧力計測手段の初期の状態を示す正面図、（ｂ）は圧力計測手段によって圧力を計測している最中の正面図である。It is one Embodiment of the ground improvement apparatus which concerns on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a front view which shows the initial state of a pressure measurement means, (b) is a front view in the middle of measuring the pressure by a pressure measurement means It is. 従来の地盤圧密装置の一部断面正面図である。It is a partial cross section front view of the conventional ground compaction apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

Ａ…地盤圧密手段
Ｂ…圧力計測手段
１０…ケーシング
２０…オーガ
２１…回転軸
２２…回転筒
２３…オーガヘッド
２４…スクリュー
３０…オーガ刃
４０…パイプ
４１…先端部
４２…本体部
５０…感圧体 A ... Ground compaction means B ... Pressure measurement means 10 ... Casing 20 ... Auger 21 ... Rotating shaft 22 ... Rotating cylinder 23 ... Auger head 24 ... Screw 30 ... Auger blade 40 ... Pipe 41 ... Tip part 42 ... Main body part 50 ... Pressure sensitive body

Claims (6)

同軸に配置され、かつ、独立して周方向に回転する回転軸および回転筒と、該回転軸の下端部に取り付けられたオーガヘッドと、回転筒の外周に設けられたスクリューとからなるオーガを筒状のケーシング内に挿通した地盤圧密手段が備えられ、
正回転側に、軟弱地盤を掘削するための、正回転方向に向かって尖鋭な尖端部を有すると共に、逆回転側に、逆回転方向に対して後方に凹条に窪んだ押圧部を有する複数のオーガ刃が、前記ケーシングから突出している回転軸の下端部に放射状に設けられて前記オーガヘッドが構成されることを特徴とする地盤改良装置。
An auger comprising a rotating shaft and a rotating cylinder arranged coaxially and independently rotating in the circumferential direction, an auger head attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft, and a screw provided on the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder A ground compaction means inserted in a cylindrical casing is provided,
A plurality having a pointed portion sharp in the forward rotation direction for excavating the soft ground on the forward rotation side, and a pressing portion recessed in a recess on the reverse rotation side on the backward rotation side O over moth blade is ground improvement device the auger head provided shape radiate the lower end of the rotary shaft which protrudes to said Rukoto constructed from the casing.
前記オーガヘッドを備えた地盤圧密手段が複数並列されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の地盤改良装置。   The ground improvement device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ground compaction means including the auger head are arranged in parallel. 前記オーガヘッドは、押し出される改良材を練り返すことができる程度の低速に回転することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の地盤改良装置。   The ground improvement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the auger head rotates at a low speed that allows the improved material to be pushed out. 前記オーガヘッドは、負荷の大きさに従って変動する電流値が所定値となると停止するように制御される電気モータによって回転することを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか一つに記載の地盤改良装置。   The ground according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auger head is rotated by an electric motor controlled to stop when a current value that fluctuates according to the magnitude of a load reaches a predetermined value. Improved device. 地中に埋め込まれ、かつ、先端部と本体部とに分離可能なパイプと、該パイプが分離されると露出するようにパイプ内に収納され、かつ、所定の圧力を受けると変形する感圧体と、該感圧体の変形状態から感圧体に加えられた圧力を計測する計測器とを備えた圧力計測手段が組み合わされていることを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか一つに記載の地盤改良装置。   A pipe embedded in the ground and separable into a tip part and a main body part, and a pressure-sensitive pressure that is housed in the pipe so as to be exposed when the pipe is separated and deforms when subjected to a predetermined pressure. The pressure measuring means comprising a body and a measuring instrument for measuring the pressure applied to the pressure sensitive body from the deformed state of the pressure sensitive body is combined. The ground improvement device described in 1. 請求項１ないし５のいずれか一つに記載の地盤改良装置を使用する地盤改良方法であって、
掘り上げられた土砂にフィラメント状態の締結材が混入されている改良材を、オーガ刃の押圧部によって軟弱地盤内に押し出すことを特徴とする地盤改良方法。 A ground improvement method using the ground improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A ground improvement method characterized by extruding an improved material in which a filament-shaped fastening material is mixed into dug up earth and sand into soft ground by a pressing portion of an auger blade.
JP2004199294A 2004-07-06 2004-07-06 Ground improvement device and ground improvement method Expired - Fee Related JP3780288B2 (en)

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BRPI0512492-1A BRPI0512492A (en) 2004-07-06 2005-06-22 soil improvement apparatus and method
US11/631,442 US20080044237A1 (en) 2004-07-06 2005-06-22 Soil Improvement Apparatus And Soil Improvement Method
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