JP3779844B2 - Fluid levitation transportation method of large structure with bottom plate - Google Patents

Fluid levitation transportation method of large structure with bottom plate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3779844B2
JP3779844B2 JP17377299A JP17377299A JP3779844B2 JP 3779844 B2 JP3779844 B2 JP 3779844B2 JP 17377299 A JP17377299 A JP 17377299A JP 17377299 A JP17377299 A JP 17377299A JP 3779844 B2 JP3779844 B2 JP 3779844B2
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Prior art keywords
fluid
bottom plate
caster
large structure
furnace
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JP2001002400A (en
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洋 高崎
孝司 濱田
清高 大江
宗一 長尾
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、容器、塔槽或いは高炉等シャフト炉の炉底部のような底板を有する大型構造物を構築或いは改修する際に、別の場所で製造或いは補修したものを据え付け設置場所に移送する場合に起こる偏荷重により、底板に曲りや、たるみ等が発生するのを防止する大型構造物の流体浮上輸送方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、高炉などの大型構造物を構築或いは改修する場合に、例えば、特開平9−143521号公報に記載されるように、炉体を複数ブロックに分割し、基礎以外の場所で、各分割ブロック単位で建造或いは補修した後、順次横送りで基礎上に搬送し、例えばリフトアップ工法などによって分割ブロックを順次リフトアップして互いに接合することによって、高炉を改修、建造することが提案されている。
【0003】
この方法では、底板を有する最下段ブロック(炉低部)にあっては、下端部に摺動板を取り付けたブラケットを設置し、基礎部近傍まで搬送された最下段ブロックを炉基礎上に延びたレール上に載置し、油圧ジャッキでレールに沿って牽引して該ブロックを摺動移動させ、基礎上に設置する方法が採用されている。
また、特開昭5−222420号公報には、炉体から分離した炉底部を、その下部周縁の配置した流体膜を介して油圧ジャッキで保持した状態で浮上させ、摺動しながら基礎上に移動させる方法が開示されている。
【0004】
上記した炉低部のような大型構造物がレール上を摺動しながら移動する方法では、摩擦力が大きく移動させるのに大きな外力が必要であり、そのための設備も大型にならざるを得ず、また、摺動時に発生する振動が直接構造物に伝わり、内部構造に影響を与える可能性がある。そのために、レール摺動面の平滑化が要求される等の問題がある。さらに、大型構造物である炉底部の底板には偏荷重が作用し、変形する可能性もあり、これを防ぐ強度の梁等の設置が必要となる。
一方、上記したような油圧ジャッキを揚上させる流体膜浮上方法では、流体浮上装置の配置が炉板の両側部分であり(上記公報の図5参照)、このような配置では底板中央部に反りや、撓みが生じる恐れがある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来の大型構造物の搬送に見られる問題点を解消しようとするものであって、高炉炉底部のような大型構造物の底板に流体キャスターを適所に配置して、据え付け搬送時に、底板に反り、曲り等の変形を起こさない、大型構造物の流体浮上輸送方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明は、偏荷重を受ける底板を有する高炉及びそれに類する大型構造物を、流体キャスターにより浮上させて横移送する流体浮上輸送方法であり、トーラスバックを備えた流体キャスターを底板下面の周囲部と中央部に、トーラスバックが床面に接触するように複数配置し、前記周辺部に配置した流体キャスターには分担荷重とバランスする圧力以上を加圧し、前記中央部に配置した流体キャスターには分担荷重とバランスする圧力を加圧し、トーラスバックと床面の間に流体膜を形成するように流体を供給して底板および底板上の構造物に反り、曲り等の変形を与えないように所要揚程で構造物を浮上させ、流体キャスターと共に構造物を牽引して移送することを特徴とする底板を有する大型構造物の流体浮上輸送方法であり、上記大型構造物の底板には、その下面に配置する流体キャスターの基盤と接触する敷ビームと炉底部を支持する支持ビームを設置する。この敷ビームは、流体キャスターで支持するピッチでその応力に耐え、かつ目的とする撓み以内の歪みに押さえる強度を有する形鋼等を使用し、支持ビームは据付移送前の炉底部底板を支持する。
支持ビームでその重量を支持されている高炉およびそれに類する大型構造物を、底板及び底板上の構造物に反り、曲り等の変形を与えないように所要揚程で流体キャスターだけによって支持するように構造物を浮上させるためには、流体キャスターの加圧調整方法とその手順が重要となる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明は、大型の容器、塔槽類、及び高炉(シャフト炉)などの大型構造体を構築、改修して据付するに際し、底板を有する大型構造物を流体浮上によって移動させる方法であって、この大型構造物を、その底板の敷ビームと床面(基礎)間において底板下面の周囲部と中央部に配置した複数のトーラスバックを備えた流体キャスターに圧力流体を供給して、トーラスバックを膨らませると共にその下部に流体膜を形成させて浮上させ、この流体キャスターと共に大型構造物をウインチなどの牽引装置により牽引して横移送する流体浮上輸送方法である。
【0008】
本発明で用いる流体キャスターは、圧力流体の供給源と接続する配管と供給室とを備えた基盤と、この基盤の下部に取り付けた加圧流体で膨らむ浮輪状のトーラスバックと、このトーラスバックの中央部空間で形成される圧力室、及びこの圧力室の中央部に設置した接地パッドとから構成される。供給される流体は空気が安価で、かつ環境上もよいが、その他のガス、水等の液体の使用を妨げるものではない。流体は供給室からまずトーラスバックに供給されてこれを膨らませ、トーラスバックに充満した後に圧力室に供給され、さらに加圧室に加圧を継続するとトーラスバック下部から外部に流出し、トーラスバックと床面(基礎面、定盤面)の間に流体膜を形成する。
【0009】
流体キャスターはトーラスバックに流体を供給しない状態では、接地パッドの下面が床面と接触して流体キャスター自体を支持しており、トーラスバックに圧力流体を供給することで膨らみ、その圧力気体による膨らみ力、及び圧力室の昇圧で大型構造物を支持して所定高さまで浮上させるさせるものであり、所定の圧力以上で漏れ流体(流体膜)をトーラスバックと床面の間に形成させ、この間の摩擦抵抗を軽減する。従って、この状態で支持構造物を軽微な牽引力で容易に横移送することができる。
【0010】
本発明では、大型構造物の底板を流体キャスターで浮上させる場合、この流体キャスターを、大型構造物の底板の周辺部だけではなく、中央部の適宜箇所にも複数配置してバランスよく保持し、浮上移送時に底板に負荷される偏荷重により、底板および底板上の構造物に、反り、曲り等の変形が生じないようにする。
中央部における流体キャスターの配置は、流体キャスター支持点のピッチを底板に許容できる撓みの範囲内とするのがよい。すなわち、予め流体キャスターの支持により歪みが最小となる位置(歪み許容位置)を予測して配置できる。この時、中央部配置の流体キャスターの分担荷重は周辺部流体キャスターの分担荷重よりも少なくなるが、流体キャスターの揚程を全数揃える必要から、同じ能力の流体キャスターを配置することになり、中央部の流体キャスターの分担荷重とバランスする流体圧力は周辺部のものより小さい値となる。
【0011】
通常の場合では、周辺部の流体キャスターの分担荷重と中央部の流体キャスターの分担荷重は、1:0.5程度とするのがよく、中央部の流体キャスターに分担荷重に応じた圧力を先行させてかけることでまずバランスさせ、その後周辺部流体キャスターに浮上させる圧力をかけることで全体を浮上させる。
例えば大型構造物が、現状の4000m3 級の高炉の場合では、分離された状態の炉底部の重量は1500t程度で、周辺部に配置した流体キャスターと中央部に配置した流体キャスターで分担して浮上させる場合、周辺部流体キャスターへ供給する流体圧は3〜4kg/cm2 、中央部流体キャスターへ供給する流体圧は1〜2kg/cm2 程度にすることにより、無理なく対応することができる。
【0012】
このように本発明では、大型構造物の浮上をバランスよく行い、移行時の摩擦抵抗が殆どないため、移送が極めて容易であり、従って、据付時の芯合わせも容易に行うことができる。また、炉底板の変形がなく安定した移送を可能にしている。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下に本発明を、高炉本体をブロック毎に分割し、別の位置で製造したブロック構造物を、基礎上に順次構築する工法において、炉底部を基礎上に搬送する場合に供した実施例を、図に基づいて説明する。
図1、図2はこの実施例で用いる流体キャスターの一例を示す。
この流体キャスター1は流体として高圧エア2を用いるエアキャスターであり、高圧エア2の供給源(図示省略)と接続する配管3と、これに連通する供給室4を備えた基盤5と、この基盤5の下部に取り付けた加圧室4から供給する高圧エア2で膨らむ浮輪状のトーラスバック6と、トーラスバック6に囲まれた空間部(圧力室)の中央部に位置するように配置した接地パッド7によって構成される。
【0014】
この接地パッド7は、トーラスバック6に高圧エアを供給していない状態では床面に接地し、トーラスバック6が基盤5により押し潰されないように支持して、トーラスバック6を保護するとともに、初期の浮上動作を早くするために設けている。
【0015】
図2は、エアキャスター1の浮上状況を示す図である。すなわち、図2(a)は移送する構造物の下部に配置され、トーラスバック6に高圧エアを供給する前の接地パッド7が床面(台車や基礎などの支持面)8上に接地した状態(浮上揚程0)を示し、この状態から供給室4から高圧エアをトーラスバック6に供給を開始し、膨らませて図2(b)のように、充満して所定の高さ位置(浮上揚程max)まで基盤5を浮上させると共に、圧力室11にも高圧空気を供給充満させる。この時点で上部の構造物を浮揚支持する。
【0016】
圧力室11の内圧を構造物の重量とバランスする以上に大きくすると、図2 (c)のように、圧力室11より圧力エア2が外に均一に漏れて、トーラスバック6と床面8の間に形成される流体膜9となり、この流体膜9の作用で、トーラスバック6は床面8から浮いた状態になる。この状態、すなわち構造物は浮揚状態で支持されるため、水平方向に牽引した場合に摩擦抵抗が小さく容易の移送することができる。
【0017】
図3に示すように、炉底部底板10sにはエアキャスターと接触する敷ビーム14及び炉底部を支持する支持ビーム17が所定間隔に配置固定され、据え付け移送前の炉底部10は床面8に設けた固定パッド18上に支持ビーム17を介して支持され、エアキャスター1は敷ビーム14下部と床面8との空間に挿入配置されている。エアキャスター1のトーラスバック6及び圧力室11に圧力流体が充満すると、エアキャスターの基盤5は敷ビーム14と接触し、押し上げて、これを所定量s浮上させて、移送の準備が完了する。
【0018】
図4は、本発明の実施例でのエアキャスターの配置例を示したものであり、図1、図2で示したエアキャスター1を敷ビーム14に、炉底部10の底板10sをその周辺部と中央部で荷重を均一に分担できるように多数配置する(図4ではハッチングを付したものはすべてエアキャスター1)。すなわち、前記したように床面8の下部に形成された空間に挿入し、炉底部10による荷重を、その周辺部と中央部に配置した多数のエアキャスターで分担できるようにしている。
ここでは、周辺部に3個を1グループとして12箇所、中央部に8個、計44個のエアキャスター1が配置されており、これらの各エアキャスター1への高圧エア2は、周辺部のコンプレッサー12a〜12c、中央部コンプレッサー12dから周辺部のコントロールボックス13a〜13c、中央部のコントロールボックス13dを介して供給される。
【0019】
ここでは、各エアキャスター1は、浮上動作を均一かつ安定に確保するために同一仕様のものを用いるのがよく、各コントロールボックス13a〜13dにより同期的に浮上動作させることが望ましい。また、前述のように中央部のエアキャスターが受け持つ分担荷重は、周辺部のエアキャスターに比較して少なくしてよいが、これは分担荷重に見合う圧力以上の圧力を供給すると変形が生じる恐れがあるからである。さらに周辺部エアキャスターに分担荷重とバランスする圧力以上を加圧することにより、構造体全体が浮上し、所定の揚程を生じる。この際中央部では分担荷重とバランスする圧力でエアキャスターへ加圧しているため、主辺部と同調して浮上し、所定の揚程を確保できる。
これにより、炉底部10の底板10sには反りや曲り等の変形を生じない搬送が可能となる。
【0020】
図5は、炉底部10を基礎上8に据え付ける場合を概念的に示しており、図6(a)は、上下の位置調整が可能なバランスビーム16上において組み立てた、或いは該ビーム上に搬送され載置された炉底部を浮上させた状態を示している。
すなわち、敷ビーム14及び支持ビーム17を有する炉底部10底板10sには、図4に示すように多数のエアキャスター1を配置しており、高圧エアで各トーラスバック6を膨らませて炉底部10を所定の高さ位置まで浮上させ、浮上状態で敷ビーム14を、例えばウインチ15により炉底部10を牽引して基礎8上に横移送し、芯合わせをした後、図6(b)に示すように、トーラスバック6の高圧エア2の供給を中止し、トーラスバック6を縮小することにより、支持ビーム17を固定パッド18上に据え置きし(図3参照)、敷ビーム14より離れたエアキャスター1を炉底より引き出すと共に、炉底部10構造体を据え付け位置に固定することができる。
なお、図6では、バランスビーム16を固定型にしているが、例えば図7に示すように台車型にして、例えばトレーラーなどの輸送手段(図示省略)で移動可能にしてもよい。
【0021】
以上本発明の実施例を説明したが、本発明は上記の実施例に限定されるものではない。例えば、上記の実施例では浮上輸送対象は高炉の炉底部であるが、本発明は、偏荷重を受ける底板を有する他の大型設備や建造物などの大型構造物を対象としても適用可能であり、この場合、底板は円板状でなくてもよい。
また、流体キャスターとしてエアキャスターを用いているが、他の気体または液体を加圧媒体として用いる流体キャスターを用いてもよい。
この流体キャスターの構造、配置および数、取付構造、付帯設備(装置)の構造、配置などについては、浮上輸送対象条件に応じて、本発明の範囲を逸脱しない範囲において変更可能である。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した通り、本発明は狭隘な場所においても比較的容易に搬出・入ができるトーラスバックを備えた簡易構造の流体キャスターを用いた浮上輸送方法であり、以下のような効果を奏する。
(1)所定の揚程を確保できて浮上高さ位置の調整が容易であり、特別な吊り上げ装置を別設する必要がない。
(2)移送の際の摩擦抵抗が小さく、滑走面精度を粗にしても牽引力を軽微にできることなどから、設置場所の問題、設備コスト、作業性等を大幅に緩和できる。特に、
(3)流体キャスターを、大型構造物の底板下面の周辺部と中央部に、支持力バランスを考慮して複数配置することにより、大型構造物の底板および底板の構造物に反り、曲り等の変形を生じさせないようにすることができる。
(4)浮上移動の原理から移動および据付時に構造物への振動、衝撃が少なく、振動、衝撃に弱い構造物、例えば耐火物やレンガ積みを有する構造物を輸送対象とする場合に、容易に対応可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明で用いるエアキャスターの構造例を示す立体説明図。
【図2】(a)〜(c)は、図1のエアキャスターの浮上動作例を示す側面説明図。
【図3】(a),(b)は、本発明で用いるエアキャスターの取付け構造を示す説明図。
【図4】本発明の実施例における高炉の炉底部の下部に配置するエアキャスターの配置例を示す平面説明図。
【図5】(a),(b)は、本発明の実施例における高炉の炉底部の据付時の浮上輸送方法(手順)例の説明図。
【図6】本発明の実施例におけるバランスビームの他の構造例を示す側面説明図。
【符号の説明】
1 :エアキャスター 2 :圧力エア
3 :配管 4 :供給室
5 :基盤 6 :トーラスバック
7 :接地パッド 8 :床面(基礎)
9 :流体膜 10 :炉底部
10s:底板 11 :圧力室
12a〜12d:コンプレッサー
13a〜13d:コントロールボックス
14 :敷ビーム 15 :ウインチ
16 :バランスビーム 17 :支持ビーム
18 :固定パッド
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the case where a large structure having a bottom plate such as a furnace bottom of a shaft furnace such as a container, tower tank or blast furnace is constructed or repaired, the present invention is manufactured or repaired at another place and transferred to the installation place. The present invention relates to a fluid levitation transportation method for a large structure that prevents the bottom plate from being bent or sagging due to an unbalanced load.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when constructing or refurbishing a large structure such as a blast furnace, for example, as described in JP-A-9-143521, the furnace body is divided into a plurality of blocks, and each divided block is located at a place other than the foundation. After building or repairing in units, it is proposed that the blast furnace is repaired and built by sequentially transporting it to the foundation by lateral feed, and then lifting up the divided blocks sequentially by, for example, a lift-up method and joining them together. .
[0003]
In this method, in the lowermost block (furnace lower part) having a bottom plate, a bracket with a sliding plate attached to the lower end is installed, and the lowermost block conveyed to the vicinity of the foundation is extended onto the furnace base. In other words, a method is adopted in which the block is placed on a rail, pulled along the rail with a hydraulic jack, the block is slid, and the block is installed on a foundation.
JP-A-5-222420 discloses that a furnace bottom portion separated from a furnace body is levitated in a state of being held by a hydraulic jack through a fluid film arranged at a lower peripheral edge thereof, and is slid onto a foundation while sliding. A method of moving is disclosed.
[0004]
In the method of moving a large structure such as the above-mentioned furnace lower part while sliding on the rail, a large external force is required to move the frictional force greatly, and the equipment for that must be large. In addition, vibration generated during sliding is directly transmitted to the structure, which may affect the internal structure. Therefore, there is a problem that smoothing of the rail sliding surface is required. Furthermore, an eccentric load acts on the bottom plate of the furnace bottom portion, which is a large structure, and it may be deformed, and it is necessary to install a beam or the like having strength to prevent this.
On the other hand, in the fluid film levitation method for lifting the hydraulic jack as described above, the arrangement of the fluid levitation apparatus is on both sides of the furnace plate (see FIG. 5 of the above publication), and in such an arrangement, warping the center portion of the bottom plate. There is a risk of bending.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is intended to solve the problems found in the transportation of conventional large structures, in which a fluid caster is disposed at an appropriate position on the bottom plate of a large structure such as the bottom of a blast furnace furnace, and during installation transportation. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid floating transportation method for a large structure that does not warp the bottom plate and cause deformation such as bending.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a fluid surfacing transport method in which a blast furnace having a bottom plate subjected to an uneven load and a large structure similar thereto are floated by a fluid caster and laterally transported, and a fluid caster having a torus back A plurality of torus backs are arranged at the periphery and center of the bottom plate bottom surface, and the fluid casters arranged at the periphery are pressurized to a pressure equal to or greater than the shared load, The fluid casters placed are pressurized to balance with the shared load, and the fluid is supplied so as to form a fluid film between the torus back and the floor, warping the bottom plate and the structure on the bottom plate, deformation such as bending The floating of a large structure having a bottom plate, wherein the structure is levitated at a required head so as not to give a lift, and the structure is pulled and transferred together with a fluid caster. Delivery method der is, the bottom plate of the large structure, installing a support beam for supporting the laying beam and furnace bottom portion for contacting a foundation of fluid casters be located in a lower surface thereof. This laying beam uses a shape steel etc. that has the strength to withstand the stress at a pitch supported by a fluid caster and suppress distortion within the intended deflection, and the supporting beam supports the bottom plate of the furnace bottom before installation transfer .
A structure that supports a blast furnace and its large structure supported by a support beam only by a fluid caster at a required head so as not to warp the bottom plate and the structure on the bottom plate and cause deformation such as bending. In order to float an object, the method and procedure for adjusting the pressure of a fluid caster are important.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
The present invention is a method of moving a large structure having a bottom plate by fluid levitation when constructing, refurbishing and installing large structures such as large containers, towers, and blast furnaces (shaft furnaces), The large structure is supplied to a fluid caster having a plurality of torus backs arranged at the periphery and the center of the bottom surface of the bottom plate between the floor beam of the bottom plate and the floor surface (foundation). This is a fluid levitation transportation method in which a bulge is formed and a fluid film is formed on the lower portion of the bulge and floats, and a large structure is pulled along with the fluid caster by a traction device such as a winch and laterally transported.
[0008]
A fluid caster used in the present invention includes a base including a pipe connected to a pressure fluid supply source and a supply chamber, a floating torus back inflated with a pressurized fluid attached to a lower portion of the base, and a torus back of the torus back. It is comprised from the pressure chamber formed in center part space, and the grounding pad installed in the center part of this pressure chamber. The supplied fluid is inexpensive in the air and may be environmentally friendly, but it does not preclude the use of other gases, liquids such as water. The fluid is first supplied from the supply chamber to the torus back to inflate it, and is supplied to the pressure chamber after filling the torus back. Further, when pressurization is continued in the pressurizing chamber, the fluid flows out from the lower portion of the torus back, A fluid film is formed between the floor surfaces (base surface, surface plate surface).
[0009]
When the fluid caster does not supply fluid to the torus back, the lower surface of the grounding pad is in contact with the floor surface to support the fluid caster itself. The large structure is supported by the force and pressure of the pressure chamber and floats up to a predetermined height, and a leaking fluid (fluid film) is formed between the torus back and the floor surface above the predetermined pressure. Reduce frictional resistance. Therefore, in this state, the support structure can be easily laterally transferred with a slight traction force.
[0010]
In the present invention, when the bottom plate of a large structure is levitated by a fluid caster, the fluid casters are arranged not only in the peripheral portion of the bottom plate of the large structure but also in a plurality of appropriate locations in the central portion and held in a balanced manner, Due to the unbalanced load applied to the bottom plate during levitation transfer, the bottom plate and the structure on the bottom plate are prevented from being deformed such as warping or bending.
As for the arrangement of the fluid casters in the central portion, it is preferable that the pitch of the fluid caster support points be within a range of deflection that can be allowed in the bottom plate. That is, it is possible to predict and arrange a position (distortion allowable position) where the distortion is minimized by supporting the fluid caster in advance. At this time, the shared load of the fluid casters arranged in the central part is smaller than the shared load of the peripheral fluid casters, but since it is necessary to arrange all the lifts of the fluid casters, a fluid caster of the same capacity will be arranged. The fluid pressure balanced with the shared load of the fluid caster is smaller than that of the peripheral portion.
[0011]
In a normal case, the shared load of the peripheral fluid caster and the shared load of the central fluid caster should be about 1: 0.5, and the central fluid caster is preceded by a pressure corresponding to the shared load. First, balance is applied by applying the pressure, and then the entire surface is lifted by applying pressure to the peripheral fluid caster.
For example the large structure, but in the case of 4000 m 3 grade blast furnace situation, the weight of the furnace bottom portion of the separated state is about 1500 t, by sharing a fluid caster disposed in fluid casters and a central portion disposed in the peripheral portion If for floating, the fluid pressure supplied to the peripheral portion fluid caster 3-4 kg / cm 2, the fluid pressure supplied to the central portion fluid caster by about 1-2 kg / cm 2, it is possible to cope reasonably .
[0012]
As described above, in the present invention, the floating of the large structure is performed in a well-balanced manner, and there is almost no frictional resistance at the time of transition, so that the transfer is extremely easy, and therefore the centering at the time of installation can be easily performed. Moreover, there is no deformation of the furnace bottom plate, enabling stable transfer.
[0013]
【Example】
In the following, the present invention is applied to a case where a blast furnace main body is divided into blocks and block structures manufactured at different positions are sequentially constructed on the foundation, in which the furnace bottom is transported to the foundation. It demonstrates based on a figure.
1 and 2 show an example of a fluid caster used in this embodiment.
The fluid caster 1 is an air caster that uses high-pressure air 2 as a fluid, and includes a base 3 provided with a pipe 3 connected to a supply source (not shown) of the high-pressure air 2, a supply chamber 4 communicating therewith, and the base A floating torus back 6 inflated with high-pressure air 2 supplied from a pressurizing chamber 4 attached to the lower portion of 5, and a grounding disposed so as to be located at the center of a space (pressure chamber) surrounded by the torus back 6 The pad 7 is used.
[0014]
The ground pad 7 is grounded to the floor surface in a state where high-pressure air is not supplied to the torus back 6, supports the torus back 6 so as not to be crushed by the base 5, protects the torus back 6, and initially Is provided to speed up the levitation movement.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a floating state of the air caster 1. That is, FIG. 2A shows a state in which the ground pad 7 is arranged on the floor surface (support surface such as a carriage or a foundation) 8 before being supplied with high-pressure air to the torus back 6, arranged at the lower part of the structure to be transferred. In this state, supply of high-pressure air from the supply chamber 4 to the torus back 6 is started, and it is inflated and filled as shown in FIG. ) And the pressure chamber 11 is also filled with high-pressure air. At this point, the upper structure is levitated and supported.
[0016]
When the internal pressure of the pressure chamber 11 is increased beyond the balance with the weight of the structure, the pressure air 2 leaks uniformly out of the pressure chamber 11 as shown in FIG. The fluid film 9 is formed between them, and the torus back 6 is lifted from the floor surface 8 by the action of the fluid film 9. In this state, that is, since the structure is supported in a floating state, the frictional resistance is small and can be easily transferred when pulled in the horizontal direction.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, a floor beam 14 that contacts an air caster and a support beam 17 that supports the furnace bottom are disposed and fixed at predetermined intervals on the bottom plate 10 s of the furnace bottom, and the furnace bottom 10 before installation transfer is placed on the floor surface 8. The air caster 1 is supported on a fixed pad 18 provided via a support beam 17, and the air caster 1 is inserted and disposed in the space between the bottom of the floor beam 14 and the floor surface 8. When the torus back 6 and the pressure chamber 11 of the air caster 1 are filled with the pressure fluid, the base 5 of the air caster comes into contact with the spread beam 14 and pushes it up to float it by a predetermined amount s, and the preparation for transfer is completed.
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows an arrangement example of the air casters in the embodiment of the present invention. The air caster 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used as the spread beam 14, and the bottom plate 10s of the furnace bottom 10 is provided in the periphery thereof. A large number are arranged so that the load can be uniformly distributed in the central part (in FIG. 4, all the hatched parts are air casters 1). That is, it is inserted into the space formed in the lower part of the floor surface 8 as described above, and the load from the furnace bottom 10 can be shared by a number of air casters arranged at the peripheral part and the central part.
Here, a total of 44 air casters 1 are arranged, 12 in 3 groups in the peripheral part and 8 in the central part, and the high-pressure air 2 to each of these air casters 1 The compressors 12a to 12c and the central compressor 12d are supplied through the peripheral control boxes 13a to 13c and the central control box 13d.
[0019]
Here, the air casters 1 are preferably of the same specification in order to ensure a uniform and stable ascent operation, and it is desirable that the air casters 1 be operated in synchronism by the control boxes 13a to 13d. In addition, as described above, the shared load of the central air caster may be smaller than that of the peripheral air caster, but this may cause deformation if a pressure higher than the pressure corresponding to the shared load is supplied. Because there is. Further, by applying a pressure equal to or higher than the pressure balanced with the shared load to the peripheral air casters, the entire structure floats and a predetermined lift is generated. At this time, since the air caster is pressurized with a pressure balanced with the shared load at the central portion, it floats in synchronization with the main side portion, and a predetermined lift can be secured.
As a result, the bottom plate 10 s of the furnace bottom 10 can be transported without causing deformation such as warping or bending.
[0020]
FIG. 5 conceptually shows a case where the furnace bottom 10 is installed on the foundation 8, and FIG. 6 (a) is assembled on or transported on the balance beam 16 capable of adjusting the vertical position. It shows a state in which the bottom of the placed furnace is levitated.
That is, a large number of air casters 1 are arranged on the bottom plate 10 s of the furnace bottom 10 having the spread beam 14 and the support beam 17 as shown in FIG. 4, and each torus back 6 is inflated with high-pressure air to As shown in FIG. 6B, after ascending to a predetermined height position, the laying beam 14 is pulled up to the furnace bottom 10 by, for example, a winch 15 and horizontally transferred onto the foundation 8 and centered. In addition, the supply of the high-pressure air 2 to the torus back 6 is stopped, and the torus back 6 is reduced, so that the support beam 17 is placed on the fixed pad 18 (see FIG. 3), and the air caster 1 separated from the floor beam 14 Can be pulled out from the furnace bottom, and the furnace bottom 10 structure can be fixed at the installation position.
In FIG. 6, the balance beam 16 is a fixed type. However, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the balance beam 16 may be a trolley type and may be movable by a transportation means (not shown) such as a trailer.
[0021]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, in the above embodiment, the levitation transportation target is the bottom of the blast furnace, but the present invention can also be applied to other large structures and buildings such as buildings having a bottom plate that receives an uneven load. In this case, the bottom plate does not have to be disk-shaped.
Moreover, although the air caster is used as a fluid caster, you may use the fluid caster which uses another gas or liquid as a pressurized medium.
The structure, arrangement and number of the fluid casters, the attachment structure, the structure and arrangement of the incidental equipment (apparatus) can be changed within a range not departing from the scope of the present invention, depending on the conditions for the surface transportation.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is a floating transportation method using a fluid caster having a simple structure having a torus bag that can be carried out and entered relatively easily even in a narrow place, and has the following effects.
(1) A predetermined lifting height can be ensured, the adjustment of the flying height position is easy, and there is no need to install a special lifting device.
(2) Since the frictional resistance at the time of transfer is small and the traction force can be reduced even if the sliding surface accuracy is rough, the problem of installation location, equipment cost, workability, etc. can be greatly eased. In particular,
(3) By arranging a plurality of fluid casters in the peripheral part and the central part of the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the large structure in consideration of the balance of supporting force, warping, bending, etc. of the bottom structure of the large structure and the structure of the bottom plate It is possible to prevent the deformation.
(4) From the principle of floating movement, it is easy to transport a structure that has little vibration and shock to the structure during movement and installation, and that is vulnerable to vibration and shock, such as a structure having a refractory or brickwork. It is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional explanatory view showing an example of the structure of an air caster used in the present invention.
FIGS. 2A to 2C are side explanatory views showing an example of the floating operation of the air caster of FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are explanatory views showing a mounting structure of an air caster used in the present invention. FIGS.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing an arrangement example of air casters arranged at the lower part of the bottom of the blast furnace in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of an example of a levitation transportation method (procedure) when installing the bottom of a blast furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view showing another structural example of the balance beam in the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Air caster 2: Pressure air 3: Piping 4: Supply chamber 5: Base 6: Torus back 7: Ground pad 8: Floor (base)
9: Fluid film 10: Furnace bottom 10s: Bottom plate 11: Pressure chambers 12a-12d: Compressors 13a-13d: Control box 14: Floor beam 15: Winch 16: Balance beam 17: Support beam 18: Fixed pad

Claims (2)

偏荷重を受ける底板を有する高炉及びそれに類する大型構造物を、流体キャスターにより浮上させて移送する流体浮上輸送方法であり、トーラスバックを備えた流体キャスターを底板下面の周辺部と中央部に、トーラスバックが床面に接触するように複数配置し、前記周辺部に配置した流体キャスターには分担荷重とバランスする圧力以上を加圧し、前記中央部に配置した流体キャスターには分担荷重とバランスする圧力を加圧し、トーラスバックと床面の間に流体膜を形成するように流体を供給して底板および底板上の構造物に反り、曲り等の変形を与えないように所要揚程で構造物を浮上させ、流体キャスターと共に構造物を牽引して移送することを特徴とする底板を有する大型構造物の流体浮上輸送方法。A fluid levitation transportation method in which a blast furnace having a bottom plate subjected to an uneven load and a large structure similar to the blast furnace are floated and transferred by a fluid caster, and a torus is provided with a fluid caster provided with a torus back at a peripheral portion and a central portion of a bottom plate bottom surface. A plurality of backs are arranged so as to come into contact with the floor surface . The fluid casters arranged in the peripheral part are pressurized to a pressure equal to or higher than the shared load, and the fluid casters arranged in the central part are balanced to the shared load. Pressurize and supply fluid to form a fluid film between the torus back and the floor surface, warp the bottom plate and the structure on the bottom plate, and lift the structure with the required head so as not to deform such as bending And floating and transporting a large structure having a bottom plate, wherein the structure is pulled and transferred together with a fluid caster. 偏荷重を受ける底板を有する高炉及びそれに類する大型構造物の底板には、その下面に配置する流体キャスターの基盤と接触する敷ビームと炉底部を支持する支持ビームを配置することを特徴とする請求項1記載の底板を有する大型構造物の流体浮上輸送方法。The bottom plate of a blast furnace having a bottom plate that receives an unbalanced load and a similar large structure is provided with a floor beam in contact with a base of a fluid caster disposed on a lower surface thereof and a support beam that supports the bottom of the furnace. Item 2. A method for floating transportation of a large structure having a bottom plate according to Item 1.
JP17377299A 1999-06-21 1999-06-21 Fluid levitation transportation method of large structure with bottom plate Expired - Fee Related JP3779844B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015117481A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 サン・シールド株式会社 Method for starting excavator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI350434B (en) * 2003-12-22 2011-10-11 Nippon Steel Eng Co Ltd Method and apparatus for controlling lift of a structural object
JP4841809B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2011-12-21 Jfeスチール株式会社 Blast furnace construction method
JP6211919B2 (en) * 2013-12-25 2017-10-11 株式会社東芝 Rotor moving method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015117481A (en) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 サン・シールド株式会社 Method for starting excavator

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