JP3778651B2 - Vinyl chloride resin composition - Google Patents

Vinyl chloride resin composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3778651B2
JP3778651B2 JP9303797A JP9303797A JP3778651B2 JP 3778651 B2 JP3778651 B2 JP 3778651B2 JP 9303797 A JP9303797 A JP 9303797A JP 9303797 A JP9303797 A JP 9303797A JP 3778651 B2 JP3778651 B2 JP 3778651B2
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vinyl chloride
acrylate
meth
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JPH1036606A (en
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敏夫 永瀬
昭 中山
晋一 赤谷
俊哉 小林
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Zeon Corp
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Zeon Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、木粉を配合した塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物に関し、詳しくは均一微細な発泡セル構造と平滑な表皮とを有し、しかも木質感に富み、建材や家具材に適する成形品を与えることのできる塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物に関する。
本発明は、さらに、上記塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
木材は光合成により繰返し生産ができるので、石油系樹脂とは異なる豊かな将来性のある資源として見直されている。成長の早い樹種で森林育成を行い、大気中に増大した炭酸ガス濃度を低減して健全な地球環境を再生しつつ、一方で計画的に伐採して木材を資源として人類の生活に役立てる試みが行われつつある。このような状況の下で、機械的強度が大きく成形加工の容易な汎用樹脂である塩化ビニル系樹脂に、木粉を配合して、建築用資材に多用される塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物を開発できれば、調和のとれた地球資源利用の道が大きく開拓されることになる。
従来、木材に似た外観や触感を現出する目的で、塩化ビニル樹脂に木粉を配合して成形することがしばしば行われている。しかし、木粉を相当量配合しなければならないので引張り強さなどの機械的強度が大幅に低下することや、いまだ天然の木質感が実現できていない問題を有している。
【0003】
木目の明瞭化や加工のし易さを改善するため、木粉の他に尿素樹脂を添加した塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物が提案されている(特開昭60−42007号公報、特開昭60−73807号公報、特開昭60−73808号公報)。また、木粉の他にマイカなどの無機充填剤と、ポリエチレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体又はABS樹脂を添加した塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物が、線膨張率が小さく、耐衝撃性及び成形性に優れることが開示された(特開昭60−192746号公報、特開昭60−192747号公報)。しかし、これらによっても木粉の均一混合性に欠け、かつ、成形品の木質感の現出が不十分である。
無機粉末やプラスチック粉末を付着させた木粉をプラスチック加工時に配合することによって分散均一化は大幅に改善されたが(特開平5−177610号、特開平5−261708号)、単にこのような木粉を塩化ビニル系樹脂に配合するのみでは木質感に富んだ樹脂成形品はいまだ得られていない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の状況に鑑み、均一微細な発泡セル構造と平滑な表皮とを有し、しかも機械的強度が落ちないで、かつ木質感に富み、窓枠等の建材や家具材に適する成形品を与えることのできる塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、および該塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の製造方法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題に対し、塩化ビニル系樹脂に、加工助剤として特定組成のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂の存在下に、木粉を配合して発泡成形することにより上記目的が達成されることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
かくして、本発明は、第一に、(A)塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部、(B)メチルメタクリレート70〜75重量%、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート30〜25重量%及び必要に応じてこれらと共重合可能な単量体0〜10重量%の合計100重量%の単量体単位で構成され、比粘度が1.8〜3.3であるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂からなるコア−シェル構造をもつ粒子であって、そのコア層がメチルメタクリレートの単独重合体、またはメチルメタクリレート単位70重量%以上と、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート単位30重量%以下とを含む共重合体からなり、そのシェル層が単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレートの単位を20〜50重量%含む共重合体からなり、シェル層を構成する該共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレート単位の含有割合がコア層を構成する上記共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレートの含有割合より多いものであるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子5〜30重量部、(C)熱分解型発泡剤0.1〜3.0重量部及び(D)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉5〜150重量部を配合してなる塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物を提供する。
本発明は、第二に、(A)塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部、(B)前記コア−シェル構造をもつメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子5〜30重量部、及び(D)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉5〜150重量部を一括して混合機に投入して攪拌混合しつつ120〜160℃に昇温し、その後、上記温度に到達したときに、混合物に、(C)熱分解型発泡剤0.1〜3.0重量部を添加し、その後温度を下げることを特徴とする、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の製造方法を提供する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明につき詳細に説明する。
本発明の組成物において(A)成分として使用される塩化ビニル系樹脂とは、塩化ビニルの単独重合体の他、塩化ビニルを50重量%以上の主成分とする共重合体を含むものである。塩化ビニル共重合体の場合の共単量体としては、例えば、エチレン、プロピレンなどのオレフィン類;塩化アリル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニル、三フッ化塩化エチレンなどのハロゲン化オレフィン類;酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニルなどのカルボン酸ビニルエステル類;イソブチルビニルエーテル、セチルビニルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル類;アリルー3−クロロ−2−オキシプロピルエーテル、アリルグリシジルエーテルなどのアリルエーテル類;アクリル酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、アクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチル、メチルメタクリレート、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸ジエチル、無水マレイン酸などの不飽和カルボン酸、そのエステル又はその酸無水物類;アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリルなどの不飽和ニトリル類;アクリルアミド、N−メチロールアクリルアミド、アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、(メタ)アクリルアミドプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライドなどのアクリルアミド類;アリルアミン安息香酸塩、ジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドなどのアリルアミン及びその誘導体類などを挙げることができる。以上に例示した単量体は、共重合可能な単量体の一部に過ぎず、近畿化学協会ビニル部会編「ポリ塩化ビニル」日刊工業新聞社(1988年)75〜104ページに例示されている各種単量体が使用可能である。またエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−メチルメタクリレート共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸エチル共重合体、塩素化ポリエチレンなどの樹脂に、塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニルと前記した共重合可能な単量体とをグラフト重合したような樹脂も含まれる。これらの塩化ビニル系樹脂は、懸濁重合、乳化重合、溶液重合、塊状重合など、従来から知られているいずれの製造法によって作られてもよい。平均重合度はJIS K 6721規定の測定法で400〜1500が好ましく、より好ましくは600〜1100の範囲にあるものを好適に使用することができる。塩化ビニル系樹脂の平均重合度が400より小さいと、発泡倍率が上がりにくい傾向があり、逆に1500より大きいと発泡セルに粗大なものが多く混在するおそれがある。
【0007】
本発明において(B)成分として、メチルメタクリレート70〜75重量%、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート30〜25重量%及び必要に応じこれらと共重合可能な単量体0〜10重量%の合計100重量%の単量体単位で構成され、かつ比粘度が1.8〜3.3であるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂からなるコア−シェル構造をもつ粒子が用いられる。 このメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子のコア層は、メチルメタクリレートの単独重合体、またはメチルメタクリレート単位70重量%以上と、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート単位30重量%以下とを含む共重合体からなり、そのシェル層は、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレートの単位を20〜50重量%含む共重合体からなり、そして、シェル層を構成する該共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレート単位の含有割合がコア層を構成する上記共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレートの含有割合より多いものである。
ここで(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレート又はメタクリレートを意味する。ガラス転移点が−20℃以下の単独重合体を与える(メタ)アクリレートとしては、例えば、エチルアクリレート(単独重合体のガラス転移点−22℃)、n−プロピルアクリレート(同−52℃)、n−ブチルアクリレート(同−54℃)、イソブチルアクリレート(同−24℃)、n−オクチルアクリレート(同−65℃)、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート(同−85℃)、メトキシエチルアクリレート(同−85℃)、エトキシエチルアクリレート(同−50℃)、n−オクチルメタクリレート(同−20℃)、n−デシルメタクリレート(同−65℃)、n−ラウリルメタクリレート(同−65℃)などが挙げられ、これらは1種用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。特に、n−ブチルアクリレートが好ましい。
また、メチルメタクリレートやガラス転移点が−20℃以下の単独重合体を与える(メタ)アクリレートと共重合可能な単量体としては、スチレン、ビニルトルエン、α−メチルスチレンなどの芳香族ビニル系化合物;(メタ)アクリロニトリル、シアン化ビニリデンなどのシアン化ビニル化合物;2−ヒドロキシエチルフマレート、ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、モノブチルマレエート、グリシジルメタクリレート、ブトキシエチルメタクリレートなどが挙げられる。
【0008】
(B)成分のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂の粒子は、コア−シェル構造を有するが、粒子全体としての単量体組成はメチルメタクリレート単位70〜75重量%で、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下、好ましくは−30℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート単位30〜25重量%で、また、必要に応じてこれらと共重合可能な共単量体単位を0〜10重量%含み、合計100重量%である。
メチルメタクリレート単位の含有量が70重量%より少ないと発泡成形体の発泡倍率が上がらず、逆に75重量%より多いとメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂の木粉とのなじみが悪くなり、木粉が凝集したり、発泡セルの大きさが不揃いで成形品が不均一な組成になる。
(B)成分のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂の粒子が、コア−シェル構造をもち、そのコア層がメチルメタクリレートの単独重合体、またはメチルメタクリレート単位70重量%以上と、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート単位30重量%以下とを含む共重合体からなり、そのシェル層が単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレートの単位を20〜50重量%含む共重合体からなり、シェル層を構成する該共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレート単位の含有割合がコア層を構成する上記共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレートの含有割合より多いものであるため、次のような効果が奏される。即ち、(B)成分のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子の製造に際して重合後のラテックス凝固を例えば55〜80℃の比較的低温で行える利点があるほか、組成物の調製に際しても、コアーシェル粒子が木粉になじみ易くて混合、分散の均一性が向上するので発泡成形品の一層の均一化を期すことができる。
【0009】
(B)成分のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂のコア−シェル構造粒子において、コアとシェルの重量比は1/1〜15/1であることが好ましい。(B)成分として用いられるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂は、その0.2grを溶解したクロロホルム溶液100mlの25℃における比粘度が1.8〜3.3であることが必要で、2.0〜3.0の範囲であると好ましい。上記比粘度の値が1.5未満の場合は成形品の表面が荒れ、また、4.0を越えると均一溶融化に時間を要する。比粘度の調節には、重合反応温度の選定、t−ドデシルメルカプタン、四塩化炭素等の連鎖移動剤の使用等の一般的な方法を採用することができる。
(B)成分のメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂は、塩化ビニル系樹脂の溶融粘度特性を改良し、木粉を塩化ビニル系樹脂に均一に分散させ、発泡セルの膜強度を保持して破壊され難くする作用を有する。本発明における(B)成分の配合量は、前記(A)成分の塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部当り5〜30重量部が好ましく、より好ましくは10〜20重量部である。(B)成分の配合量が5重量部未満であると、発泡時の膜強度の保持力が弱くなって発泡セルが破壊され易い。また、配合量が30重量部を越えると溶融粘度が高くなり、発熱が大きくなって樹脂の熱劣化を起こし易くなったり、発泡セルの大きさが不均一になり易い。
【0010】
本発明組成物の(C)成分である熱分解型発泡剤としては、熱分解型有機発泡剤又は/及び熱分解型無機発泡剤が用いられる。前者の例としては、N,N′−ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミン、N,N′−ジメチル−N,N′−ジニトロソテレフタルアミド等のニトロソ化合物;アゾジカルボンアミド、アゾビスイソプチロニトリル等のアゾ化合物、ベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド、p,p′−オキシビス(ベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド)、トルエンスルホニルヒドラジド等のスルホニルヒドラジド類等が挙げられる。また、後者の例としては、重炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸アンモニウム、炭酸アンモニウム等が挙げられる。本発明には、上記の有機の又は/及び無機の熱分解型発泡剤の群から選択される1種または2種以上を用いることができる。
本発明においては、トリフルオロメタン、石油エーテル等の低沸点の有機化合物を加熱、揮発させて発泡剤に用いることは不適当である。発泡セルが粗くなって成形品が釘止めやビス止めが利き難くなり、建材に向かないおそれがあるからである。
本発明における(C)成分の熱分解型発泡剤の配合量は、(A)成分の塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部当たり0.1〜3.0重量部が好ましく、より好ましくは0.5〜1.5重量部である。(C)成分の配合量が0.1重量部未満であると発泡倍率が小さくて得られる成形品の内部が木質感に欠ける傾向があり、逆に3.0重量部より多いと成形品表面が荒れたり、表面硬度が低下する傾向がある。
【0011】
本発明においては、(D)成分として、平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉が、塩化ビニル系樹脂(A)100重量部あたり5〜150重量部、好ましくは22〜120重量部、更に好ましくは25〜100重量部用いられる。該木粉の配合量が5重量部より少ないと成形品に木質感を発現しにくく、また、150重量部を越えると成形品が脆弱なものとなる。本発明においては、前記(B)成分を配合することにより、木粉を20重量部を越える高部数配合しても塩化ビニル系樹脂に馴染みがよく、かつ均一に分散し得るので、発泡成形により、均一微細な発泡セルと平滑な表皮とを有し、しかも木質感を強く発現できるのである。
本発明に用いられる木粉の樹種は特に限定されず、杉、ツガ、ラワン等の針葉樹や広葉樹の材木片、 鉋屑、鋸屑等の木材を用い得る。これら木材から本発明の(D)成分を得るには、例えば、該木材を粉砕機により平均粒径が500μm以下の比較的丸味を帯びた木粉とするのが好ましい。
本発明に用いられる木粉は、特開平5−177610号公報及び特開平5−261708号公報に開示されている表面に硬い小粒子を付着させたものでもよい。硬い小粒子とは、硬度が木粉より大きく、平均粒径が木粉の平均粒径より小さい粒子であって、具体的には金属、金属酸化物および金属塩、無機酸化物並びにプラスチック粒子などが挙げられる。好ましい(D)成分は酸化チタン、ニッケル、炭酸カルシウム、シリカ、マイカなどの金属系または無機系粒子を表面に付着させた木粉である。硬い小粒子が木粉表面に付着する態様は、木粉への硬い小粒子の喰い込みを含む抱き込み結合、喰い込み結合された複数の硬い小粒子の相互による挟み込み結合等の、硬い小粒子の木粉表面部に対する押しつけ外力による付着であってもよいし、あるいは木粉に接着剤により硬い小粒子を付着させてもよい。この場合は上記の木粉を硬い小粒子1〜50重量%と共にボールミル等に仕込み、窒素雰囲気下等粉塵爆発防止の処理を施して処理する。
【0012】
本発明に用いられる(D)成分の平均粒径は50〜500μm、好ましくは30〜100μmである。ここに平均粒径とは、粉末に篩分析して目開きに対する累積重量%曲線を得、その50重量%に該当する目開きの値の読みをいう。(D)成分の平均粒径が50μmより小さいと嵩比重が小さくなって組成物調製のための混合操作性が悪くなり、また500μmより大きいと成形品表面が荒れ、かつ発泡倍率が低下する。
(D)成分中の水分は10重量%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは5重量%以下である。
本発明組成物には、上記の各成分に加えて、通常の塩化ビニル系樹脂の加工時に用いられる熱安定剤や滑剤のほか、紫外線吸収剤、耐衝撃強化剤、顔料、可塑剤、帯電防止剤等が適宜添加される。
【0013】
本発明組成物を調製するには、(A)塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部、(B)前記コア−シェル構造をもつメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子5〜30重量部、及び(D)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉5〜150重量部を一括して混合機に投入して攪拌混合しつつ120〜160℃に昇温し、その後、上記温度に到達したときに、混合物に、(C)熱分解型発泡剤0.1〜3.0重量部を添加し、その後温度を下げる。より具体的に説明すると、通常、先ず(C)成分の熱分解型発泡剤を除く、(A)、(B)及び(D)成分等を一括してヘンシェルミキサー等の混合機に投入して激しく攪拌混合しつつ120〜160℃に昇温する。この混合の過程で木粉に吸収されている水分を揮散させる。上記温度に到達したら混合物をクーリングミキサーに移して(C)成分の熱分解型発泡剤を添加してから50〜60℃に温度を下げる。取出された粉末状の混合物をそのまま成形用のコンパウンドとすることができるが、通常、次いで、ペレット化する。ペレット作成の好ましい方法としては、二軸押出機を用い、150〜170℃にて、かつベント孔から木粉中の残留水分を排出しつつペレットと製造する方法が挙げられる。上記の本発明組成物の調製方法において、ヘンシェルミキサー等での当初の混合時に発泡剤を除く全成分を一括投入して混合することにより、嵩比重が大きく、又顔料等添加剤が均一分散した混合物を得ることができる。
本発明組成物を用いて、天然木材に似た塩化ビニル系樹脂成形品を得るための成形方法としては、特に制限はないが通常押出成形法が採られる。
【0014】
以下に本発明の組成物、および、その製造方法の好ましい態様を記す。
)塩化ビニル系樹脂の平均重合度が400〜1500である。
)メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が、その0.2grを溶解したクロロホルム溶液100mlの25℃における比粘度が2.0〜3.0である。
)コアとシェルの重量比が1/1〜15/1である。
)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉の配合量が22〜120重量部である。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に実施例及び比較例を挙げて、本発明の樹脂組成物について具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。尚、部数、%は重量基準である。
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂A〜Gを下記により調製した。各樹脂の比粘度は、樹脂0.2grを溶解したクロロホルム溶液100mlから試料を採り、25℃にて測定した。
【0016】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例1
ステンレス製反応器にメチルメタクリレート60部、n−ブチルアクリレート15部、炭素数12〜18のソジウムアルキルサルフェート1部、過硫酸カリウム0.1部及び水150部を添加し、攪拌しつつ重合温度55℃にて乳化重合を行った。サンプリングした反応液の固形分濃度により反応の完結を確認してから、得られたラテックス(重合体粒子をシードとして)にメチルメタクリレート15部及びn−ブチルアクリレート10部を追加して引続き55℃にて重合し、反応を完結させ、固形分濃度40.2%のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスを加熱下で硫酸アルミニウムを添加して塩析し、脱水、洗浄してから乾燥して樹脂Aを得た。樹脂Aの組成と比粘度を表1に示す。
【0017】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例2
n−ブチルアクリレート計25部に代えてエチルアクリレート計30部を用い、また、一段目の重合時に添加する単量体としてメチルメタクリレート55部とエチルアクリレート20部とを用い、かつ、連鎖移動剤t−ドデシルメルカプタン0.1部を添加したこと、および二段目の重合時に添加する単量体としてメチルメタクリレート15部とエチルアクリレート10部とを用いたほかはメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例1と同様に行い、樹脂Bを得た。樹脂Bの組成と比粘度を表1に示す。
【0018】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例3
n−ブチルアクリレート計25部に代えn−ブチルメタクリレート(単独重合体のガラス転移点20℃)計20部を用い、また、一段目の重合時に添加する単量体としてメチルメタクリレート65部とn−ブチルメタクリレート10部とを用い、かつ、t−ドデシルメルカプタン0.03部を添加したこと、および二段目の重合時に添加する単量体としてメチルメタクリレート15部とn−ブチルメタクリレート10部とを用いたほかはメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例1と同様に行い、樹脂Cを得た。樹脂Cの組成と比粘度を表1に記す。
【0019】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例4
ステンレス製反応器にメチルメタクリレート93部、エチルアクリレート7部、t−ドデシルメルカプタン0.05部、炭素数12〜18のソジウムアルキルサルフェート1部、過硫酸カリウム0.1部及び水150部を添加し、攪拌しつつ70℃にて乳化重合を行い、サンプリングした反応液の固形分濃度により反応の完結を確認した。
得られたラテックスを加熱下で硫酸アルミニウムえお添加して塩析し、脱水、洗浄してから乾燥して樹脂Dを得た。樹脂Dの組成と比粘度を表1に示す。
【0020】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例5
重合反応用単量体としてメチルメタクリレート60部及びn−ブチルアクリレート40部とを用い、かつ、t−ドデシルメルカプタンの量を0.07部としたほかはメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例4と同様に行い、樹脂Eを得た。樹脂Eの組成及び比粘度を表1に示す。
【0021】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例6
重合反応用単量体としてメチルメタクリレート75部、n−ブチルアクリレート25部とを用い、かつ、t−ドデシルメルカプタンの量を0.20部としたほかはメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例4と同様に行い、樹脂Fを得た。樹脂Fの組成及び比粘度を表1に示す。
【0022】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例7
t−ドデシルメルカプタンを添加せず、ラジカル開始剤として過硫酸カリウム0.1部に代えてキュメンハイドロパーオキサイド0.20部、ソジウムフォルムアルデヒドスルフォキシレート0.1部、エチレンヂアミン四酢酸鉄0.02部及びエチレンジアミン四酢酸ナトリウム0.01部を用い、かつ反応温度を5℃としたほかはメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂製造例6と同様に行い、樹脂Gを得た。樹脂Gの組成及び比粘度を表1に示す。
【0023】
発泡成形品の特性を下記の方法により調べた。
1)発泡セル状態
成形品の切断面を光学顕微鏡にて観察し、下記のランクで評価する。
A:セルの径が100μm以下の微細でかつ均一な状態である。
B:破壊されて粗くなったセルが散見される。
C:破壊されて粗くなったセルが多い。
D:破壊されて粗くなったセルの大部分である。
2)成形品表面性状
成形品の表面から目視及び指触し、下記のランクで評価する。
A:滑らか
B:若干鮫肌
C:鮫肌
D:粒状突起が多い。
3)真比重及び成形品比重
JIS K 7112による水中置換法で測定。
4)成形品発泡倍率
上記測定による比重の値を用い、下式により求める。
発泡倍率=真比重/成形品比重
5)引張り強さ
JIS K 7113の1号試験片で引張速度10mm/minで測定する。
【0024】
実施例1〜3、比較例1〜8
表2に示す種類と量の各成分をヘンシェルミキサーにて次の要領でブレンドした。塩化ビニル樹脂、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂(ただし比較例1を除く)、木粉、熱安定剤、滑剤、充填剤及び顔料を仕込んで混合しつつ水蒸気を揮散させた。温度が上昇して140℃になったら混合物をクーリングミキサーに移して混合しつつ発泡剤を添加し、60℃まで温度を下げた。
得られた粉末状の混合物は、シリンダー径65mmの一軸押出機を用いて下記条件にてペレットにした。尚、ベント孔から木粉に残る水分を揮散させた。

Figure 0003778651
こうして得られたペレットを、シリンダー径40mmの一軸押出機により下記条件にて押出発泡成形した。成形品の特性を表1に示す。
Figure 0003778651
【0025】
【表1】
Figure 0003778651
【0026】

MMA メチルメタクリレート
nBA n−ブチルアクリレート
EA エチルアクリレート
nBMA n−ブチルメタクリレート
【0027】
【表2】
Figure 0003778651
【0028】

*1 ZEST700L、新第一塩ビ(株)製、塩化ビニル樹脂、平均重合 度680
*2 セルユント、(株)シマダ商会製、木粉、平均粒径80μm、水分5重量%
*3 酸化チタン粒付着木粉、ミサワテクノ(株)製、E60−T5−3、酸化チタン含有量5重量%、平均粒径60μm、含水率5%
*4 三塩基性硫酸鉛/ステアリン酸鉛複合熱安定剤
*5 ポリエチレンワックス
*6 炭酸カルシウムCCR、白石カルシウム(株)製、平均粒径0.08μm
*7 カーボンブラック(TPH0012、東洋インキ製造株式会社製)/縮合アゾレッド(TXH4360、同社製)/ビスアゾイエロー(TXH2110、同社製)複合顔料
【0029】
本発明の要件を備えた組成物を用いて成形した実施例1〜3では、発泡セル状態及び表面性状が良好で十分な発泡倍率を有し、かつ引張強さも満足される成形品が得られた。
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂を配合しなかった比較例1では、発泡セル状態、表面性状及び発泡倍率いずれも悪かった。
【0030】
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂として、ガラス転移点が規定範囲より高い共単量体単位が含まれた樹脂Cや、ガラス転移点は規定範囲にある共重合体であっても含有量が少い樹脂Dを用いた比較例2又は3は発泡セルが粗くなり、発泡倍率が上がらず成形品表面も鮫肌状を帯びたものになった。また、規定範囲のガラス転移点を有する共単量体を規定比率より多く含有するメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂Eを用いると発泡倍率は高いが発泡セルが粗く、表面性状の荒れて引張り強さの劣った成形品を与えた(比較例4)。規定ガラス転移温度の共単量体を規定量含有するメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂であっても比粘度が規定範囲から外れると、小さくても又は大きくても、発泡セル状態や成形品表面が荒れた成形品が得られた(比較例5,6)。
メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂の配合量が少なすぎたり、又は多すぎたりすると発泡セル又は表面が著しく荒れた成形品を与えた(比較例7,8)。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明組成物を用いることにより、均一微細な発泡セル構造と平滑な表皮とを有し、しかも木質感に富んで十分な機械的強度を持つ、建材や家具材に適する成形品が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride resin composition blended with wood powder, and more specifically, it has a uniform fine cell structure and a smooth skin, and gives a molded article that is rich in wood texture and suitable for building materials and furniture materials. The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride resin composition that can be used.
  The present invention further relates to a method for producing the vinyl chloride resin composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since wood can be repeatedly produced by photosynthesis, it is reviewed as a rich and promising resource different from petroleum resins. There is an attempt to nurture forests with fast-growing tree species and reduce the increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere to regenerate a healthy global environment, while at the same time systematically cutting and using wood as a resource for human life It is happening. Under these circumstances, we developed a vinyl chloride resin composition that is often used in building materials by blending wood powder with a vinyl chloride resin, which is a general-purpose resin with high mechanical strength and easy molding. If possible, a harmonious way of using earth resources will be cultivated.
Conventionally, for the purpose of producing an appearance and feel similar to wood, it is often performed by blending wood powder with vinyl chloride resin. However, since a considerable amount of wood flour must be blended, there are problems that mechanical strength such as tensile strength is greatly reduced, and natural wood texture has not been realized yet.
[0003]
In order to clarify the grain and improve the ease of processing, a vinyl chloride resin composition to which a urea resin is added in addition to wood flour has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 60-42007 and 60). -73807, JP-A-60-73808). In addition to wood powder, vinyl chloride resin composition to which inorganic filler such as mica and polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ABS resin are added has a low coefficient of linear expansion, impact resistance and moldability. (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication Nos. 60-192746 and 60-192747). However, even with these, the wood powder is not uniformly mixed, and the wood texture of the molded product is insufficient.
Dispersing and homogenizing was greatly improved by blending wood powder with inorganic powder or plastic powder adhered during plastic processing (JP-A-5-177610, JP-A-5-261708). A resin molded product rich in wood texture has not yet been obtained only by blending the powder with the vinyl chloride resin.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  In view of the above situation, the present invention has a uniform and fine foam cell structure and a smooth skin, and does not deteriorate in mechanical strength and is rich in wood texture, and is suitable for building materials such as window frames and furniture materials. Vinyl chloride resin composition capable of giving molded productAnd method for producing the vinyl chloride resin compositionIt was made for the purpose of providing.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have achieved the above object by blending wood powder with vinyl chloride resin in the presence of a methacrylic ester resin having a specific composition as a processing aid. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.
  Thus, in the present invention, first, (A) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, (B) methyl methacrylate70-75(Meth) acrylate having a glass transition point of -20 ° C. or less by weight%.30-25It is composed of a total of 100% by weight of monomer units of 0% to 10% by weight and, if necessary, monomers copolymerizable therewith, and the specific viscosity is1.8-3.3Particles having a core-shell structure made of a methacrylic acid ester resin, the core layer of which is a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or a methyl methacrylate unit of 70% by weight or more, and the glass transition point of the homopolymer is − The (meth) acrylate unit is 30% by weight or less, and the shell layer of the (meth) acrylate unit having a glass transition point of -20 ° C or less is 20 to 20 ° C or less. The content ratio of the (meth) acrylate in the copolymer comprising 50% by weight of the copolymer, and the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate unit in the copolymer constituting the shell layer constituting the core layer More than 5 to 30 parts by weight of methacrylic ester resin particles, (C) 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of pyrolytic foaming agent, and (D) an average particle diameter of 50 to 5 By blending wood flour 5-150 parts by weight of 0μm to provide vinyl chloride resin composition.
  Secondly, the present invention includes (A) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, (B) 5 to 30 parts by weight of methacrylic ester resin particles having the core-shell structure, and (D) an average particle diameter of 50 to 50 parts by weight. 5 to 150 parts by weight of 500 μm wood flour is put into a mixer and heated to 120 to 160 ° C. while stirring and mixing. When the temperature reaches the above temperature, (C) thermal decomposition is performed on the mixture. Provided is a method for producing a vinyl chloride resin composition, wherein 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of a mold foaming agent is added, and then the temperature is lowered.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The vinyl chloride resin used as the component (A) in the composition of the present invention includes a vinyl chloride homopolymer and a copolymer containing 50% by weight or more of vinyl chloride as a main component. Examples of the comonomer in the case of the vinyl chloride copolymer include olefins such as ethylene and propylene; halogenated olefins such as allyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, and ethylene trifluoride chloride; vinyl acetate, Carboxylic acid vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate; Vinyl ethers such as isobutyl vinyl ether and cetyl vinyl ether; Allyl ethers such as allyl-3-chloro-2-oxypropyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether; Acrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, monomethyl maleate, diethyl maleate and maleic anhydride, their esters or their anhydrides; unsaturated such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile Toryls; Acrylamides such as acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, (meth) acrylamidepropyltrimethylammonium chloride; Allylamines such as allylamine benzoate and diallyldimethylammonium chloride and derivatives thereof Can be mentioned. The monomers exemplified above are only a part of the copolymerizable monomers, and are exemplified in pages 75 to 104 of “Polyvinyl Chloride” Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun (1988) edited by the Kinki Chemical Association Vinyl Division. Various monomers can be used. In addition, a resin such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, vinyl chloride or vinyl chloride and a copolymerizable monomer as described above A resin obtained by graft polymerization is also included. These vinyl chloride resins may be produced by any conventionally known production method such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, and bulk polymerization. The average degree of polymerization is preferably from 400 to 1500, more preferably from 600 to 1100 as measured by JIS K 6721. If the average degree of polymerization of the vinyl chloride resin is less than 400, the expansion ratio tends to be difficult to increase. Conversely, if the average polymerization degree is greater than 1500, many foamed cells may be mixed.
[0007]
  In the present invention, as the component (B), methyl methacrylate70-75(Meth) acrylate having a glass transition point of -20 ° C. or less by weight%.30-25It is composed of a total of 100% by weight of monomer units of 0% by weight to 10% by weight and, if necessary, monomers copolymerizable therewith, and has a specific viscosity of1.8-3.3Particles having a core-shell structure made of a methacrylic ester resin are used. The core layer of the methacrylic ester resin particles is composed of a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or a methyl methacrylate unit of 70% by weight or more, and a glass transition point of the homopolymer of −20 ° C. or less and a (meth) acrylate unit of 30% by weight. And the shell layer is made of a copolymer containing 20 to 50% by weight of (meth) acrylate units whose homopolymer has a glass transition point of -20 ° C. or less, and The content ratio of the (meth) acrylate unit in the copolymer constituting the shell layer is higher than the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate in the copolymer constituting the core layer.
  Here, (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate. Examples of the (meth) acrylate that gives a homopolymer having a glass transition point of −20 ° C. or lower include ethyl acrylate (glass transition point of homopolymer −22 ° C.), n-propyl acrylate (-52 ° C.), n -Butyl acrylate (same as -54 ° C), isobutyl acrylate (same as -24 ° C), n-octyl acrylate (same as -65 ° C), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (same as -85 ° C), methoxyethyl acrylate (same as -85 ° C) Ethoxyethyl acrylate (same as −50 ° C.), n-octyl methacrylate (same as −20 ° C.), n-decyl methacrylate (same as −65 ° C.), n-lauryl methacrylate (same as −65 ° C.), etc. 1 type may be used and it may be used in combination of 2 or more types. In particular, n-butyl acrylate is preferable.
  Examples of the monomer copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate or (meth) acrylate that gives a homopolymer having a glass transition point of −20 ° C. or lower include aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene, vinyl toluene, and α-methyl styrene. Vinyl cyanide compounds such as (meth) acrylonitrile and vinylidene cyanide; 2-hydroxyethyl fumarate, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, monobutyl maleate, glycidyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate and the like.
[0008]
  The particles of the (B) component methacrylate ester resin have a core-shell structure, but the monomer composition as a whole particle is a methyl methacrylate unit.70-75(Meth) acrylate unit in which the glass transition point of the homopolymer is -20 ° C or lower, preferably -30 ° C or lower.30-25In addition, it contains 0 to 10% by weight of comonomer units copolymerizable with these as required, and the total is 100% by weight.
  The content of methyl methacrylate units is70If it is less than% by weight, the expansion ratio of the foamed molded product will not increase.75When the amount is more than% by weight, the compatibility with the wood powder of the methacrylic ester resin is deteriorated, and the wood powder is aggregated or the size of the foamed cells is not uniform, resulting in a non-uniform composition.
  The particles of the (B) component methacrylate ester resin have a core-shell structure, and the core layer has a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or 70% by weight or more of methyl methacrylate units, and the glass transition point of the homopolymer is The (meth) acrylate unit is made of a copolymer containing 30% by weight or less of a (meth) acrylate unit that is −20 ° C. or less, and the shell layer has 20 units of (meth) acrylate having a homopolymer glass transition point of −20 ° C. or less. The content of the (meth) acrylate in the copolymer comprising the copolymer comprising ˜50% by weight, wherein the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate unit in the copolymer constituting the shell layer constitutes the core layer Since it is more than the ratio, the following effects are produced. That is, there is an advantage that the latex coagulation after the polymerization can be performed at a relatively low temperature of, for example, 55 to 80 ° C. in the production of the methacrylic ester resin particles of the component (B). It is easy to adapt and the uniformity of mixing and dispersion is improved, so that the foamed molded product can be made more uniform.
[0009]
  In the core-shell structure particles of the methacrylic ester resin as the component (B), the weight ratio of the core to the shell is preferably 1/1 to 15/1. The methacrylic acid ester resin used as the component (B) has a specific viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 ml of a chloroform solution in which 0.2 gr is dissolved.1.8-3.3It is necessary to be in the range of 2.0 to 3.0. If the value of the specific viscosity is less than 1.5, the surface of the molded product will be rough, and if it exceeds 4.0, uniform melting will occur.LongIt takes time. For adjusting the specific viscosity, a general method such as selection of a polymerization reaction temperature, use of a chain transfer agent such as t-dodecyl mercaptan or carbon tetrachloride can be employed.
  The (B) component methacrylate ester resin improves the melt viscosity characteristics of the vinyl chloride resin, uniformly disperses the wood flour in the vinyl chloride resin, maintains the film strength of the foamed cells and makes it difficult to break. Has an effect. The blending amount of the component (B) in the present invention is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin of the component (A). When the blending amount of the component (B) is less than 5 parts by weight, the retention strength of the film strength at the time of foaming is weakened and the foamed cells are easily destroyed. On the other hand, if the blending amount exceeds 30 parts by weight, the melt viscosity becomes high, the heat generation becomes large and the resin is liable to be thermally deteriorated, and the size of the foamed cells tends to be non-uniform.
[0010]
As the pyrolyzable foaming agent which is the component (C) of the composition of the present invention, a pyrolyzable organic foaming agent and / or a pyrolyzable inorganic foaming agent is used. Examples of the former include nitroso compounds such as N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and N, N′-dimethyl-N, N′-dinitrosotephthalamide; azos such as azodicarbonamide and azobisisoptyronitrile. Examples thereof include sulfonyl hydrazides such as compounds, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, p, p'-oxybis (benzenesulfonyl hydrazide) and toluenesulfonyl hydrazide. Examples of the latter include sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and the like. In this invention, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types selected from the group of said organic or / and inorganic pyrolytic foaming agent can be used.
In the present invention, it is inappropriate to heat and volatilize low boiling point organic compounds such as trifluoromethane and petroleum ether for use as a foaming agent. This is because the foamed cell becomes rough and the molded product becomes difficult to use with nails or screws, which may not be suitable for building materials.
The blending amount of the pyrolytic foaming agent of the component (C) in the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin of the component (A). 1.5 parts by weight. When the blending amount of the component (C) is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the inside of the molded product obtained with a low foaming ratio tends to lack the wood texture, and conversely if it exceeds 3.0 parts by weight, the molded product surface Tends to be rough and the surface hardness tends to decrease.
[0011]
In the present invention, as the component (D), wood powder having an average particle size of 50 to 500 μm is 5 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 22 to 120 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin (A). 25 to 100 parts by weight are used. When the blending amount of the wood powder is less than 5 parts by weight, it is difficult to express the wood texture in the molded product, and when it exceeds 150 parts by weight, the molded product becomes brittle. In the present invention, by blending the above component (B), even if blended in a high number of wood flour exceeding 20 parts by weight, it is familiar to the vinyl chloride resin and can be uniformly dispersed. It has uniform and fine foamed cells and a smooth skin, and can express wood texture strongly.
The tree species of the wood flour used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and wood such as softwood such as cedar, tsuga, lawan, and hardwood timber, sawdust, sawdust, and the like can be used. In order to obtain the component (D) of the present invention from these woods, for example, the wood is preferably made into a relatively rounded wood powder having an average particle size of 500 μm or less by a pulverizer.
The wood flour used in the present invention may be one in which hard small particles are adhered to the surface disclosed in JP-A-5-177610 and JP-A-5-261708. Hard small particles are particles whose hardness is larger than that of wood flour and whose average particle size is smaller than the average particle size of wood flour. Specifically, metals, metal oxides and metal salts, inorganic oxides, plastic particles, etc. Is mentioned. A preferred component (D) is wood powder having metallic or inorganic particles such as titanium oxide, nickel, calcium carbonate, silica, mica, etc. attached to the surface. The hard small particles adhere to the surface of the wood flour in such a manner that the hard small particles such as entrapment bonding including biting of the hard small particles into the wood flour, and sandwiching bonding of a plurality of hard small particles that are bitten and bonded to each other are included. Adhesion by pressing external force against the wood powder surface portion may be used, or hard small particles may be adhered to the wood powder with an adhesive. In this case, the above-mentioned wood powder is charged into a ball mill or the like together with 1-50% by weight of hard small particles, and is treated by performing dust explosion prevention treatment under a nitrogen atmosphere.
[0012]
The average particle diameter of (D) component used for this invention is 50-500 micrometers, Preferably it is 30-100 micrometers. Here, the average particle diameter refers to a reading of the value of the opening corresponding to 50% by weight by obtaining a cumulative weight% curve for the opening by sieving the powder. When the average particle size of the component (D) is less than 50 μm, the bulk specific gravity becomes small and the mixing operability for preparing the composition is deteriorated, and when it is more than 500 μm, the surface of the molded product is rough and the expansion ratio is lowered.
(D) It is preferable that the water | moisture content in a component is 10 weight% or less, More preferably, it is 5 weight% or less.
In addition to the above-mentioned components, the composition of the present invention includes, in addition to heat stabilizers and lubricants used in the processing of ordinary vinyl chloride resins, UV absorbers, impact resistance enhancers, pigments, plasticizers, antistatic agents. An agent or the like is appropriately added.
[0013]
  The present inventionofTo prepare the composition:(A) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, (B) 5 to 30 parts by weight of methacrylic ester resin particles having the core-shell structure, and (D) 5 to 150 parts by weight of wood flour having an average particle size of 50 to 500 μm. All the parts are put into a mixer and heated up to 120 to 160 ° C. while stirring and mixing. Then, when the temperature is reached, (C) pyrolytic foaming agent 0.1 to 3 is added to the mixture. Add 0.0 part by weight and then lower the temperature. More specifically,Usually, the components (A), (B) and (D), etc., except the pyrolytic foaming agent (C), are first put into a mixer such as a Henschel mixer and mixed while stirring vigorously. The temperature is raised to 160 ° C. Moisture absorbed in the wood flour is volatilized during the mixing process. When the temperature is reached, the mixture is transferred to a cooling mixer, and the pyrolytic foaming agent (C) is added, and then the temperature is lowered to 50 to 60 ° C. The extracted powdery mixture can be used as a molding compound as it is, but it is usually pelletized. A preferable method for producing the pellet includes a method of producing a pellet using a twin-screw extruder at 150 to 170 ° C. and discharging residual moisture in the wood flour from the vent hole. In the above method for preparing the composition of the present invention, the bulk specific gravity is large and the additives such as pigments are uniformly dispersed by adding all the components except the foaming agent at the time of initial mixing in a Henschel mixer or the like. A mixture can be obtained.
  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a shaping | molding method for obtaining the vinyl chloride-type resin molded product similar to natural wood using this invention composition, Usually, an extrusion molding method is taken.
[0014]
  In the following, the present inventionPreferred composition and method for producing the sameAn aspect is described.
(1) The average degree of polymerization of the vinyl chloride resin is 400-1500.
(2) Specific viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 ml of chloroform solution in which 0.2 g of methacrylic acid ester resin is dissolved is 2.0 to 3.0.
(3) The weight ratio of the core to the shell is 1/1 to 15/1.
(4) The blending amount of wood powder having an average particle size of 50 to 500 μm is 22 to 120 parts by weight.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, although an Example and a comparative example are given and the resin composition of this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples. The number of parts and% are based on weight.
Methacrylic acid ester resins A to G were prepared as follows. The specific viscosity of each resin was measured at 25 ° C. by taking a sample from 100 ml of a chloroform solution in which 0.2 gr of resin was dissolved.
[0016]
  Methacrylate ester resin production example 1
  To a stainless steel reactor, 60 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 1 part of sodium alkyl sulfate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, 0.1 part of potassium persulfate and 150 parts of water are added, and the polymerization temperature is stirred. Emulsion polymerization was performed at 55 ° C. After confirming the completion of the reaction based on the solid content concentration of the sampled reaction solution, the resulting latex (with polymer particles as seed) is used.Methyl15 parts of methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl acrylate were added, followed by polymerization at 55 ° C. to complete the reaction, and a latex having a solid content concentration of 40.2% was obtained. The obtained latex was salted out by adding aluminum sulfate under heating, dehydrated, washed, and dried to obtain Resin A. The composition and specific viscosity of Resin A are shown in Table 1.
[0017]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 2
30 parts of ethyl acrylate is used instead of 25 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 55 parts of methyl methacrylate and 20 parts of ethyl acrylate are used as monomers to be added during the first stage polymerization, and chain transfer agent t -Same as Methacrylate ester resin production example 1 except that 0.1 part of dodecyl mercaptan was added and 15 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of ethyl acrylate were used as monomers to be added at the second stage of polymerization. To obtain Resin B. The composition and specific viscosity of Resin B are shown in Table 1.
[0018]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 3
Instead of 25 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 20 parts of n-butyl methacrylate (glass transition point of homopolymer 20 ° C.) is used, and 65 parts of methyl methacrylate and n- 10 parts of butyl methacrylate and 0.03 part of t-dodecyl mercaptan were added, and 15 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate were used as monomers to be added during the second stage polymerization. Otherwise, the same procedure as in Production Example 1 of methacrylic ester resin was carried out to obtain Resin C. The composition and specific viscosity of Resin C are shown in Table 1.
[0019]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 4
Add 93 parts methyl methacrylate, 7 parts ethyl acrylate, 0.05 part t-dodecyl mercaptan, 1 part sodium alkyl sulfate with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, 0.1 part potassium persulfate and 150 parts water to a stainless steel reactor. Then, emulsion polymerization was carried out at 70 ° C. with stirring, and the completion of the reaction was confirmed by the solid content concentration of the sampled reaction liquid.
The obtained latex was salted out by adding aluminum sulfate under heating, dehydrated, washed and dried to obtain Resin D. The composition and specific viscosity of the resin D are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 5
Similar to Methacrylate ester resin production example 4 except that 60 parts of methyl methacrylate and 40 parts of n-butyl acrylate were used as monomers for the polymerization reaction, and the amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan was 0.07 part. Resin E was obtained. The composition and specific viscosity of Resin E are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 6
Similar to Methacrylate ester resin production example 4 except that 75 parts of methyl methacrylate and 25 parts of n-butyl acrylate were used as polymerization reaction monomers and the amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan was 0.20 part. And resin F was obtained. The composition and specific viscosity of the resin F are shown in Table 1.
[0022]
Methacrylate ester resin production example 7
t-dodecyl mercaptan was not added and instead of 0.1 part of potassium persulfate as a radical initiator, 0.20 part of cumene hydroperoxide, 0.1 part of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Resin G was obtained in the same manner as in Methacrylate ester resin production example 6 except that 0.02 part of iron and 0.01 part of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were used and the reaction temperature was 5 ° C. The composition and specific viscosity of the resin G are shown in Table 1.
[0023]
The properties of the foamed molded product were examined by the following method.
1) Foamed cell state
The cut surface of the molded product is observed with an optical microscope and evaluated according to the following rank.
A: The cell diameter is a fine and uniform state of 100 μm or less.
B: Cells that are destroyed and roughened are scattered.
C: Many cells are destroyed and roughened.
D: Most of the cells that were destroyed and roughened.
2) Molded product surface properties
Visually and touch the surface of the molded product and evaluate it according to the following rank.
A: Smooth
B: Slightly dark skin
C: Skin
D: Many granular protrusions.
3) True specific gravity and molded product specific gravity
Measured by the underwater replacement method according to JIS K 7112.
4) Molded product foaming ratio
Using the specific gravity value from the above measurement, the following formula is used.
Foaming ratio = true specific gravity / molded product specific gravity
5) Tensile strength
It is measured at a tensile speed of 10 mm / min using a JIS K 7113 No. 1 test piece.
[0024]
Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-8
Each type and amount of ingredients shown in Table 2 were blended in a Henschel mixer as follows. Water vapor was volatilized while charging and mixing a vinyl chloride resin, a methacrylic ester resin (except for Comparative Example 1), wood flour, heat stabilizer, lubricant, filler and pigment. When the temperature increased to 140 ° C., the mixture was transferred to a cooling mixer and the blowing agent was added while mixing, and the temperature was lowered to 60 ° C.
The obtained powdery mixture was pelletized under the following conditions using a single screw extruder with a cylinder diameter of 65 mm. In addition, the water | moisture content which remains in wood powder was volatilized from the vent hole.
Figure 0003778651
The pellets thus obtained were subjected to extrusion foam molding under the following conditions using a single screw extruder having a cylinder diameter of 40 mm. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the molded product.
Figure 0003778651
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003778651
[0026]
note
MMA methyl methacrylate
nBA n-butyl acrylate
EA ethyl acrylate
nBMA n-butyl methacrylate
[0027]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003778651
[0028]
note
* 1 ZEST700L, Shin-Daiichi PVC Co., Ltd., vinyl chloride resin, average polymerization degree 680
* 2 Selunt, manufactured by Shimada Shokai Co., Ltd., wood flour, average particle size 80μm, moisture 5% by weight
* 3 Titanium oxide grain-attached wood powder, manufactured by Misawa Techno Co., Ltd., E60-T5-3, titanium oxide content 5% by weight, average particle size 60 μm, moisture content 5%
* 4 Tribasic lead sulfate / lead stearate composite heat stabilizer
* 5 Polyethylene wax
* 6 Calcium carbonate CCR, manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd., average particle size 0.08μm
* 7 Carbon Black (TPH0012, manufactured by Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) / Condensed Azo Red (TXH4360, manufactured by the company) / Bisazo Yellow (TXH2110, manufactured by the company) composite pigment
[0029]
In Examples 1 to 3 molded using the composition having the requirements of the present invention, a molded article having a satisfactory foam cell state and surface properties, a sufficient foaming ratio, and satisfactory tensile strength is obtained. It was.
In Comparative Example 1 in which the methacrylic ester resin was not blended, the foamed cell state, the surface property, and the foaming ratio were all poor.
[0030]
As a methacrylic ester resin, a resin C containing a comonomer unit having a glass transition point higher than a specified range, or a resin D having a low content even if the glass transition point is a copolymer having a specified range. In Comparative Example 2 or 3 using the foamed cell, the foamed cell was rough, the foaming ratio was not increased, and the surface of the molded product was crusty. In addition, when a methacrylate ester resin E containing a comonomer having a glass transition point in a specified range is contained in a proportion higher than the specified ratio, the foaming cell is rough but the foam cell is rough, the surface properties are rough, and the tensile strength is inferior. A molded product was provided (Comparative Example 4). Even if it is a methacrylic ester resin containing a specified amount of a comonomer having a specified glass transition temperature, the foamed cell state and the surface of the molded product are rough, even if the specific viscosity is out of the specified range, whether it is small or large Molded articles were obtained (Comparative Examples 5 and 6).
When the blending amount of the methacrylic ester resin was too small or too large, a foamed cell or a molded article having a remarkably rough surface was obtained (Comparative Examples 7 and 8).
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
By using the composition of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a molded article suitable for building materials and furniture materials having a uniform fine cell structure and a smooth skin, and rich in wooden texture and having sufficient mechanical strength.

Claims (2)

(A)塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部、(B)メチルメタクリレート70〜75重量%、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート30〜25重量%及び必要に応じてこれらと共重合可能な単量体0〜10重量%の合計100重量%の単量体単位で構成され、比粘度が1.8〜3.3であるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂からなるコア−シェル構造をもつ粒子であって、そのコア層がメチルメタクリレートの単独重合体、またはメチルメタクリレート単位70重量%以上と、単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレート単位30重量%以下とを含む共重合体からなり、そのシェル層が単独重合体のガラス転移点が−20℃以下である(メタ)アクリレートの単位を20〜50重量%含む共重合体からなり、シェル層を構成する該共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレート単位の含有割合がコア層を構成する上記共重合体中の該(メタ)アクリレートの含有割合より多いものであるメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子5〜30重量部、(C)熱分解型発泡剤0.1〜3.0重量部及び(D)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉5〜150重量部を配合してなる塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物。(A) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, (B) 70 to 75 % by weight of methyl methacrylate, 30 to 25 % by weight of (meth) acrylate having a glass transition point of −20 ° C. or less, and as required. A core-shell made of a methacrylic ester resin having a specific viscosity of 1.8 to 3.3, which is composed of a monomer unit of 0 to 10% by weight of a copolymerizable monomer and a total of 100% by weight. Particles having a structure, the core layer of which is a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or 70% by weight or more of a methyl methacrylate unit, and the glass transition point of the homopolymer is −20 ° C. or less and a (meth) acrylate unit of 30% by weight A copolymer containing 20 to 50% by weight of a (meth) acrylate unit whose homopolymer has a glass transition point of −20 ° C. or less. A methacrylic compound comprising a copolymer, wherein the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate unit in the copolymer constituting the shell layer is larger than the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate in the copolymer constituting the core layer. 5-30 parts by weight of acid ester resin particles, (C) 0.1-3.0 parts by weight of pyrolytic foaming agent, and (D) 5-150 parts by weight of wood flour having an average particle size of 50-500 μm A vinyl chloride resin composition. (A)塩化ビニル系樹脂100重量部、(B)請求項1に記載の、コア−シェル構造をもつメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂粒子5〜30重量部、及び(D)平均粒径50〜500μmの木粉5〜150重量部を一括して混合機に投入して攪拌混合しつつ120〜160℃に昇温し、その後、上記温度に到達したときに、混合物に、(C)熱分解型発泡剤0.1〜3.0重量部を添加し、その後温度を下げることを特徴とする、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。(A) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, (B) 5 to 30 parts by weight of methacrylic ester resin particles having a core-shell structure according to claim 1 , and (D) an average particle diameter of 50 to 500 μm. 5 to 150 parts by weight of wood flour are charged all at once into a mixer and heated to 120 to 160 ° C. while stirring and mixing. When the temperature is reached, (C) Pyrolytic foaming is applied to the mixture. A method for producing a vinyl chloride resin composition, comprising adding 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of an agent and then lowering the temperature.
JP9303797A 1996-04-02 1997-03-27 Vinyl chloride resin composition Expired - Lifetime JP3778651B2 (en)

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KR100611857B1 (en) 1999-01-18 2006-08-11 가부시키가이샤 가네가 Expandable vinyl chloride resin composition
EP1275685B1 (en) 1999-09-22 2006-07-05 Kaneka Corporation Foamable vinyl chloride-base resin compositions
JP2001261873A (en) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd Foamable polyvinyl chloride-based resin composition
ES2208585T3 (en) * 2000-03-31 2004-06-16 Kaneka Corporation COMPOSITION OF RESIN BASED ON VINYL CHLORIDE.
WO2002012378A1 (en) * 2000-08-08 2002-02-14 Kaneka Corporation Expandable vinyl chloride resin composition
CN102224192B (en) * 2008-11-28 2013-06-12 三菱丽阳株式会社 Processing assistant for expansion molding, vinyl chloride resin composition for expansion molding, and expansion molded body
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CN101845181B (en) * 2010-05-31 2012-05-09 重庆市帅之盾门业有限公司 Formula of straw compound real wood imitated wires
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