JP3777584B2 - Flat battery - Google Patents

Flat battery Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3777584B2
JP3777584B2 JP21164697A JP21164697A JP3777584B2 JP 3777584 B2 JP3777584 B2 JP 3777584B2 JP 21164697 A JP21164697 A JP 21164697A JP 21164697 A JP21164697 A JP 21164697A JP 3777584 B2 JP3777584 B2 JP 3777584B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
package
frame
film
battery
flat battery
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP21164697A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1154096A (en
Inventor
洋悦 吉久
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GS Yuasa Corp
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GS Yuasa Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は正極、負極、セパレータおよび電解質から成る発電要素が、例えば金属箔と融着性樹脂フィルムのラミネートフィルムから成るパッケージ内に収納密閉された扁平形電池に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、携帯機器の小型化が益々進み、その電源として使用される電池に対しても小型軽量化の要求が高まっている。また機器の高機能化が進に伴い、消費電力が増大し電池に対して益々高容量化の要求が高まっている。
【0003】
前記機器側の要求を満たす為に、電極の材料やセパレータ、電解液等の電池構成や構造面での改良は無論のこと、電池のパッケージにおいても薄型化軽量化の提案が出されている。その1つは従来一般的であった絞り加工によって作製された厚手の金属や成形によって作製された合成樹脂製パッケージに替えて、金属箔や合成樹脂フィルムを採用しようとするものである。
【0004】
具体例を示すと、特公昭59ー38708公報に、発電要素を外装フィルム内に収納し、該外装フィルムの周縁部を加熱シールによってパックする構造が開示されている。
【0005】
このような一例の断面図を図5に示す。図で1は正極活物質、2は例えばアルミニウム箔製の正極集電体、3は負極活物質、4は例えば銅箔製の負極集電体、5は電解液を含むセパレータまたは高分子固体電解質のフィルムである。これらで構成される発電要素はパッケージフィルム6内に収納されている。パッケージフィルム6は、フィルムを通して水分や酸素等の物質の透過が起きないような材質構成が選定される。一般的には、合成樹脂と金属箔のラミネートフィルムが使用される。ラミネートフィルムの構成はアルミニウム等の金属箔を芯にして、外面には、パッケージフィルムの機械的強度を保ち、中のアルミニウム箔を保護するためにナイロンやポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)などの機械的強度の強い樹脂、内面には変性ポリプロピレン(PP)やポリエチレン等の融着性に富み、水分や酸素の透過しにくい樹脂が配置される。
【0006】
また、実公平3ー39883号公報にはAL箔とα,βー不飽和カルボン酸がグラフト重合されたオレフィン系樹脂が直接熱融着により積層されて成る電池用外被包材が開示されている。
【0007】
この提案にある如く、有機溶媒を含む非水電解液を内包する電池においては、接着材を用いずに金属と樹脂を直接熱融着するのが、長期の使用中での金属と樹脂の剥離を防止するのに有効である。従って、金属箔と樹脂フィルムを重ねて、加熱してラミネートする必要がある。外面の樹脂フィルムと金属箔は、ウレタン系の接着材を介してラミネートされる。
【0008】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来電池では、図5に示した如く発電要素を内包したフィルム状パッケージの周縁部を加熱に依る融着または接着によってシールされていた。フィルムの材質は、前記の如く例えばアルミニウム箔と樹脂フィルムから成るラミネートフィルムであり、フィルムの厚さは100μm前後である。このような構造の従来の扁平形電池には以下に記す欠点があった。
【0009】
第一の欠点は、電池が落下し電池の縁が床等に衝突した場合、周縁シール部の剛性が小さいために周縁部が折れ曲がり、シール部が損傷を受け特性上の欠陥の原因となる他、外観上見苦しくなることにある。第二はパッケージの周縁部の厚さが小さく、刃物同様、皮膚に触れた時に人体に対して切傷などの被害を及ぼす可能性があったことにある。
【0010】
このような欠点を解決するために、本発明者は特願平9−166724号において、パッケージの周縁部が縁にアールを有する枠状フレームによって挟持されている扁平形電池を提案した。
【0011】
しかしながら、このような電池は、パッケージ周縁部を密閉化する際、絞り加工されるため、パッケージが損傷を受け、気密性が損なわれる場合があり、密閉化の信頼性が低いという問題点を有していた。
【0012】
また、絞り加工せずに2枚のパッケージフィルムを平行に配置し、その周縁部間に封口樹脂を配し密閉化した扁平形電池が公知であるが、封口樹脂は水分や酸素等の透過がし易く、密閉化の信頼性が低いという問題点を有していた。
【0013】
本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、パッケージフィルムが平面状のままで、絞り加工を施さずに密閉化でき、気密の信頼性が高く、かつ安全性に優れた扁平形電池を提供することにある。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明は発電要素が内面に融着性絶縁層を有する2枚のフィルム状パッケージの間に収納されてなる扁平形電池であって、2枚のパッケージの周縁部間に金属製枠状フレームを配し、パッケージとフレームを融着することにより気密封止されているものである。
【0015】
そして、前記フレームはパッケージとの融着面の外側にパッケージの厚さに略等しい段差が設けられ、パッケージの外にはみ出していることが該パッケージ側面を保護する上で好ましい。
【0016】
【作用】
パッケージの周縁部間に配置されたフレームはパッケージ周縁部の剛性を高め、パッケージに曲げの力が加わるのを緩和する。フレームを枠状にすることにより、フレームに切れ目が無いため、斜め垂直など、いかなる角度で落下しても、その際に受ける衝撃は大部分フレームで受けとめるため、パッケージに加わる力は小さくてすむ。また、表裏いずれの面でもパッケージの面とフレームの面が各々略平面を形成しているため、水平に落下した場合でも、その時受ける衝撃をフレームを含む前面で受けるため、曲げに対して弱いパッケージの周縁に加わる力を極力抑えることができる。
【0017】
また、フレームが金属製であるため水分や酸素等を透過しにくく、落下時の耐衝撃性に優れる。
【0018】
さらに、パッケージの側面はフレームに覆われているため、電池がエッジから落下しても、パッケージは直接落下床面に当たることは無く、強度の強いフレームによって保護される。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明に係る扁平形電池の一実施形態を示す断面図である。図1において、1は正極活物質、2は例えばアルミニウム箔などの金属箔製正極集電体、3は負極活物質、4は例えば銅箔製負極集電体であり、5はセパレータである。6は総厚さ100μmのフィルム状パッケージであり、その材料構成例を図3に示す。図3で101は心材であるアルミニウム合金箔で、厚さは40μmである。102は外面にラミネートされた厚さ10μmのPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルム、103は内面にラミネートされた厚さ50μmの融着性PP(ポリプロピレン)フィルムである。正極活物質1、負極活物質3、セパレータ5などの発電要素は2枚のパッケージ6,6の間に収容され、該パッケージ6,6は絶縁層7,7が金属製の枠状フレーム8と融着して、内部がシールされている。前記フレーム8の融着面の外側9はパッケージ6の外側にはみ出ている。また、前記フレーム8の融着面の外側には、パッケージ6の厚さと略同一寸法の段差10が設けられ、フレーム8の外側9の厚さが上下のパッケージ6,6に発電要素を加えた厚さと略等しくなっている。すなわち、上部のパッケージ6上面とフレーム8の外側9上面が略面一になり、下部のパッケージ6下面とフレーム8の外側9下面が略面一になっている。
【0020】
前記フレーム8の材質は特に限定されるものではないが、機械的剛性が大きい、軽い、錆びない、樹脂との融着に優れるものが望ましい。最も好適なものとしては、Al、Ti、次いでSUS、Ni等があげられる。
【0021】
図2は本発明に係る扁平形電池の端子部の構造の一実施形態を示す側面図である。図で12は正極端子、13は負極端子である。前記フレーム8には、端子貫通用の二個の凹部14,15が設けられている。両極の端子12および13は該凹部14,15を通って、電池の中から外に通じている。前記端子12,13と前記凹部14,15の隙間は樹脂16によって封止され、前記端子12,13と前記パッケージ6の前記絶縁層7は融着している。
【0022】
また、図1に示した如く、前記フレーム8の縁11にRが形成され、刃物として作用しないようにしてある。
【0023】
フレームを構成している金属は、樹脂材料に比べ酸素や水分の透過に対するバリヤー性に於て遥かに優れており、長期間使用しても性能上の劣化が無く、信頼性が高い。
【0024】
また、外部での短絡を防ぐために、端子の露出部分を絶縁性の材料でカバーすることが好ましい。
【0025】
本発明に係る電池を、水平、垂直、斜め方向の落下テストに共しても、特性上も外観上も損傷を受けることがなかった。
【0026】
また、図5に示した従来品と本発明品とを温度25℃、湿度90%の雰囲気中で放置試験に供したところ、図4のように本発明品は従来品に比べ約1.2倍の容量維持率を示した。
【0027】
なお、本実施形態では、金属製フレーム8と電池要素の間に絶縁性物質を介在させていないが、正極と負極の短絡を防止する上で前記フレーム8の内面を絶縁性フィルムなどで覆っておくことが望ましい。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した如く本発明に係る扁平形電池は、フレームに金属を用いているので、酸素や水分等の透過を防ぎ密閉性に優れる。また、落下時等で受ける衝撃に耐えることができ、安全面でも優れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る扁平形電池の一実施形態を示す断面図である。
【図2】図1の実施形態を端子側から示す側面図である。
【図3】本発明に係る扁平形電池のパッケージの一実施形態を示す一部拡大断面図である。
【図4】従来品と本発明品の放置試験の結果を示すグラフである。
【図5】従来の扁平形電池の一実施形態を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
6 パッケージ
7 絶縁層
8 フレーム
10 段差
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a flat battery in which a power generation element composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and an electrolyte is housed and sealed in a package made of a laminate film of, for example, a metal foil and a fusible resin film.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the miniaturization of portable devices has progressed, and the demand for miniaturization and weight reduction is increasing for batteries used as power sources. In addition, as the functions of devices increase, the power consumption increases, and the demand for higher capacity is increasing for batteries.
[0003]
In order to satisfy the requirements on the equipment side, it is a matter of course to improve the battery configuration and structure of electrode materials, separators, electrolytes, etc., and proposals have been made to reduce the thickness and weight of battery packages. One of them is to adopt a metal foil or a synthetic resin film in place of a thick metal produced by drawing, which has been conventionally used, or a synthetic resin package produced by molding.
[0004]
As a specific example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-38708 discloses a structure in which a power generation element is accommodated in an exterior film and the peripheral edge of the exterior film is packed by a heat seal.
[0005]
A cross-sectional view of such an example is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a positive electrode active material, 2 is a positive electrode current collector made of, for example, aluminum foil, 3 is a negative electrode active material, 4 is a negative electrode current collector made of, for example, copper foil, and 5 is a separator containing an electrolytic solution or a polymer solid electrolyte It is a film. The power generation element constituted by these is housed in the package film 6. The material structure of the package film 6 is selected so that the permeation of substances such as moisture and oxygen does not occur through the film. Generally, a laminate film of synthetic resin and metal foil is used. The structure of the laminate film is made of a metal foil such as aluminum, and the outer surface maintains the mechanical strength of the package film, and mechanical strength such as nylon and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used to protect the aluminum foil inside. A strong resin and an inner surface of which resin such as modified polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene, which has high fusing property and hardly permeates moisture and oxygen, is disposed.
[0006]
In addition, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-39883 discloses a battery covering material in which an AL foil and an olefin resin obtained by graft polymerization of an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid are laminated by direct thermal fusion. Yes.
[0007]
As suggested in this proposal, in a battery containing a non-aqueous electrolyte containing an organic solvent, the metal and the resin are directly heat-sealed without using an adhesive. It is effective in preventing Therefore, it is necessary to stack the metal foil and the resin film and laminate them by heating. The resin film and the metal foil on the outer surface are laminated through a urethane adhesive.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
In the conventional battery, as shown in FIG. 5, the peripheral portion of the film package containing the power generation element is sealed by fusion or adhesion by heating. The material of the film is a laminate film made of, for example, an aluminum foil and a resin film as described above, and the thickness of the film is about 100 μm. The conventional flat battery having such a structure has the following drawbacks.
[0009]
The first disadvantage is that when the battery falls and the edge of the battery collides with the floor etc., the peripheral seal part is bent because the rigidity of the peripheral seal part is small, and the seal part is damaged and causes a characteristic defect. It is to be unsightly in appearance. Secondly, the thickness of the peripheral edge of the package is small, and there is a possibility of causing damages such as cuts to the human body when touching the skin, like the blade.
[0010]
In order to solve such drawbacks, the present inventor proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-166724 a flat battery in which the peripheral edge of the package is sandwiched between frame-shaped frames having rounded edges.
[0011]
However, since such a battery is drawn when the periphery of the package is sealed, the package may be damaged and airtightness may be impaired, and the reliability of sealing is low. Was.
[0012]
Further, a flat battery in which two package films are arranged in parallel without drawing and a sealing resin is arranged between the peripheral portions and sealed is known, but the sealing resin is permeable to moisture, oxygen, and the like. It was easy to do and had the problem that the reliability of sealing was low.
[0013]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is that the package film remains flat and can be hermetically sealed without being drawn, and has high airtight reliability, and The object is to provide a flat battery excellent in safety.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a flat battery in which a power generating element is housed between two film-like packages each having a fusible insulating layer on the inner surface, and the peripheral portion of the two packages. A metal frame-like frame is disposed between them, and the package and the frame are fused together to be hermetically sealed.
[0015]
In order to protect the side surface of the package, it is preferable that the frame has a step substantially equal to the thickness of the package on the outer side of the fusion surface with the package and protrudes outside the package.
[0016]
[Action]
The frame disposed between the peripheral edges of the package increases the rigidity of the peripheral edge of the package and reduces the bending force applied to the package. By making the frame into a frame shape, the frame has no breaks, so even if it falls at any angle such as diagonally perpendicular, the impact received at that time is mostly received by the frame, so the force applied to the package can be small. In addition, since the package surface and the frame surface form a substantially flat surface on both the front and back surfaces, even if it falls horizontally, the front surface including the frame receives the impact that is received at that time, so the package is vulnerable to bending. The force applied to the periphery of the can be suppressed as much as possible.
[0017]
In addition, since the frame is made of metal, it is difficult to transmit moisture, oxygen, etc., and it has excellent impact resistance when dropped.
[0018]
Further, since the side surface of the package is covered with the frame, even if the battery falls from the edge, the package does not directly hit the falling floor surface and is protected by the strong frame.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a flat battery according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a positive electrode active material, 2 is a positive electrode current collector made of metal foil such as aluminum foil, 3 is a negative electrode active material, 4 is a negative electrode current collector made of copper foil, and 5 is a separator. Reference numeral 6 denotes a film package having a total thickness of 100 μm, and an example of the material structure is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, 101 is an aluminum alloy foil as a core material, and the thickness is 40 μm. 102 is a 10 μm thick PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film laminated on the outer surface, and 103 is a 50 μm thick fusible PP (polypropylene) film laminated on the inner surface. The power generation elements such as the positive electrode active material 1, the negative electrode active material 3, and the separator 5 are accommodated between two packages 6 and 6, and the packages 6 and 6 have a frame-shaped frame 8 whose insulating layers 7 and 7 are made of metal. The inside is sealed by fusing. The outside 9 of the fusion surface of the frame 8 protrudes outside the package 6. Further, a step 10 having substantially the same dimensions as the thickness of the package 6 is provided on the outer side of the fusion surface of the frame 8, and the thickness of the outer side 9 of the frame 8 adds power generation elements to the upper and lower packages 6 and 6. It is almost equal to the thickness. That is, the upper surface of the upper package 6 and the outer surface 9 of the frame 8 are substantially flush, and the lower surface of the lower package 6 and the outer surface 9 of the frame 8 are substantially flush.
[0020]
The material of the frame 8 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the frame 8 has high mechanical rigidity, is light, does not rust, and is excellent in fusion with a resin. Most preferred are Al, Ti, then SUS, Ni and the like.
[0021]
FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the structure of the terminal portion of the flat battery according to the present invention. In the figure, 12 is a positive terminal and 13 is a negative terminal. The frame 8 is provided with two recesses 14 and 15 for penetrating terminals. Bipolar terminals 12 and 13 pass through the recesses 14 and 15 and lead out of the battery. The gaps between the terminals 12 and 13 and the recesses 14 and 15 are sealed with a resin 16, and the terminals 12 and 13 and the insulating layer 7 of the package 6 are fused.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an R is formed on the edge 11 of the frame 8 so as not to act as a blade.
[0023]
The metal composing the frame is far superior in barrier property against permeation of oxygen and moisture as compared with the resin material, and does not deteriorate in performance even when used for a long period of time, and has high reliability.
[0024]
In order to prevent an external short circuit, it is preferable to cover the exposed portion of the terminal with an insulating material.
[0025]
Even when the battery according to the present invention was subjected to a drop test in the horizontal, vertical and oblique directions, it was not damaged in terms of characteristics and appearance.
[0026]
Further, when the conventional product shown in FIG. 5 and the product of the present invention were subjected to a standing test in an atmosphere of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 90%, the product of the present invention was about 1.2 compared to the conventional product as shown in FIG. The capacity retention rate was doubled.
[0027]
In this embodiment, an insulating material is not interposed between the metal frame 8 and the battery element. However, in order to prevent a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the inner surface of the frame 8 is covered with an insulating film or the like. It is desirable to keep it.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the flat battery according to the present invention uses a metal for the frame, and thus prevents permeation of oxygen, moisture, etc., and is excellent in sealing performance. In addition, it can withstand the impact received when dropped, etc., and is excellent in safety.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a flat battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the embodiment of FIG. 1 from the terminal side.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing an embodiment of a flat battery package according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a standing test of a conventional product and a product of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a conventional flat battery.
[Explanation of symbols]
6 Package 7 Insulating layer 8 Frame 10 Step

Claims (2)

発電要素が上下のフィルム状パッケージの間に収納されている扁平形電池において、前記パッケージは内面に絶縁層を有し、該パッケージの周縁部の上下間に金属製の枠状フレームを配し、該フレームと前記絶縁層とが融着していることを特徴とする扁平形電池。In the flat battery in which the power generation element is housed between the upper and lower film-like packages, the package has an insulating layer on the inner surface, and a metal frame-like frame is arranged between the upper and lower edges of the package, A flat battery, wherein the frame and the insulating layer are fused. 前記フレームは融着面の外側が前記パッケージの外側にはみ出ており、かつ融着面の外側に前記パッケージの厚さと略等しい段差が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の扁平形電池。2. The flat shape according to claim 1, wherein the frame has an outer surface that protrudes from the outer surface of the package and a step that is substantially equal to the thickness of the package. battery.
JP21164697A 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Flat battery Expired - Lifetime JP3777584B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21164697A JP3777584B2 (en) 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Flat battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21164697A JP3777584B2 (en) 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Flat battery

Publications (2)

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JPH1154096A JPH1154096A (en) 1999-02-26
JP3777584B2 true JP3777584B2 (en) 2006-05-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9786872B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2017-10-10 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Flexible secondary battery

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100369070B1 (en) * 1999-11-09 2003-01-24 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Material for battery case
KR100974570B1 (en) * 2007-07-05 2010-08-06 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery Pack Employed with Label of High Strength for Protecting the Outside of Pack

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9786872B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2017-10-10 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Flexible secondary battery

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