JP3777471B2 - Control method and apparatus for boiler forced draft fan - Google Patents

Control method and apparatus for boiler forced draft fan Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3777471B2
JP3777471B2 JP03990296A JP3990296A JP3777471B2 JP 3777471 B2 JP3777471 B2 JP 3777471B2 JP 03990296 A JP03990296 A JP 03990296A JP 3990296 A JP3990296 A JP 3990296A JP 3777471 B2 JP3777471 B2 JP 3777471B2
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Prior art keywords
boiler
blade opening
ventilator
combustion
push
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JPH09236201A (en
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孝裕 竹友
隆世 川瀬
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Mitsubishi Power Ltd
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Babcock Hitachi KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

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  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラのコンバインドモードにおいて、ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図5は、従来技術に係る排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラのボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御する制御回路の系統図である。ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度24は、燃料流量指令信号3から関数発生器4aで求めたボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量指令信号5に節炭機の出口酸素(O2)濃度検知信号(偏差)7を乗算器8により乗算した信号からガスタービン燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号10を減算器9により減算した動翼開度指令信号14aと実測値のボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号(偏差)12を減算器11により減算して求めた偏差信号を調節器13による比例、積分した動翼開度指令信号14bによりボイラ押込通風機動翼開度24を制御するようにしている。尚、参照番号4bで示す関数発生器は、ガスタービンの排ガスをボイラの燃焼用空気として使用しない場合のボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量指令信号を出力するものである。
【0003】
一方、特開昭61−72924号公報に開示されているように、負荷ランバック時に、通風系の操作端を先行的に動作させることにより、負荷ランバック時における火炉内圧力の変動を抑え、これを規定範囲内に保持することを容易にしたボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置が知られている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、コンバインドモードにおいてガスタービン事故等によりボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時の負荷急速絞り込み指令(以下、「ランバック指令」と云う)が発せられると、ガスタービン排ガス風道入口ダンパ(図2の参照番号30)が絞り込まれ、風箱に供給されるガスタービン燃焼用排ガス流量が途絶えることから、ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度24は、燃焼用空気を確保するように動作するが、所定の開度まで動作するまでに時間がかかる。一方ガスタービン燃焼用排ガス流量の低下が早い為、燃焼用空気が不足となり、節炭器の出口酸素濃度が急激に低下し、燃焼不安定となる恐れがあった。
【0005】
更に、ボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号12に、節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号7が乗算器8により乗算されている為、節炭器の出口酸素濃度とボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量の位相が異なることから、一端大きく節炭器の出口酸素濃度が変動した場合、ボイラが整定するまでに時間を要する恐れがあった。
【0006】
更に、ボイラの火炉に投入される燃焼用空気流量が減少する為、火炉のドラフトも低下する恐れがあった。
【0007】
一方、特開昭61−72924号公報に開示されたボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置においては、ボイラ火炉の圧力変動を抑えるものであるので、必ずしも火炉の燃焼状態を的確に捕らえ、それを良好に維持することが出来ない恐れがあった。
【0008】
本発明の目的は、排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラのコンバインドモードにおいて、ランバック動作時に安定したボイラ火炉の燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さいボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、ボイラで発生した蒸気を利用する蒸気タービンと、前記ボイラの火炉に押し込む燃焼用空気に混合する燃焼用排ガスを排出するガスタービンとを有する排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルの前記ボイラであって、前記燃焼用空気を前記ボイラの火炉に押し込むボイラ押込通風機の制御方法において、前記ボイラの節炭器の出口酸素濃度の高低と前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量の大小により前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御すると共に、前記ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に出力するランバック指令により、前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を増加させ、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に前記動翼開度を減少させることである。
【0010】
節炭器の出口酸素濃度の高低とガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量の大小によりボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御すると共に、ランバック動作時に出力するランバック指令により、ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を増加させ、節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に動翼開度を減少させることにより、節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下を軽減し、安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。
【0011】
コンバインドモード運転中にランバックが発生した時は、ランバック指令によるボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を速やかに増加させ、燃焼用空気流量を増加させることにより節炭器出口酸素濃度の低下を軽減し、ボイラの燃焼を安定させ、火炉その他の部分のドラフトの低下も軽減される。
【0012】
更に、上記ボイラ押込通風機の制御方法において、前記ボイラ節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号と前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号とから求めた信号に前記ランバック指令を加えた先行動翼開度指令信号と前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号とを加算した指令信号により前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御することである。節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号とガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号とから求めた信号にランバック指令を加えた先行動翼開度指令信号とボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号とを加算した指令信号によりボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御することにより、上記ボイラ押込通風器の制御方法と同様の作用を有する。
【0013】
そして、上記ボイラ押込通風機の制御方法において、予め定められた増加率で前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を速やかに増加させると共に、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に予め定められた減少率で前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を減少させることである。予め定められた増加率で動翼開度を増加させると共に、節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に予め定められた減少率で動翼開度を減少させることにより、上記ボイラ押込通風機の制御方法の作用が一層確実に行なわれ、安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。
【0014】
又、ボイラの火炉に燃焼用空気を押し込むボイラ押込通風機と、前記燃焼用空気に混合する燃焼用排ガスを排出するガスタービンと、前記ボイラで発生した蒸気を利用する蒸気タービンと、前記ボイラの燃焼ガスの余熱を利用する節炭器とを有する排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルのボイラのボイラ押込通風機の制御装置において、前記ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号、前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号及び前記ボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号から求めた前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号に先行して前記動翼開度を速やかに増加させる先行動翼開度指令信号を出力する先行信号出力手段を備えたものである。
【0015】
ランバック動作時に、節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号、ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号及びボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号から求めたボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号に先行して動翼開度を速やかに増加させる先行動翼開度指令信号を出力する先行信号出力手段を備えたものは、節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下を軽減し、安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。
【0016】
そして、上記ボイラ押込通風機の制御装置において、前記先行信号出力手段は、前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号を入力する関数発生器と、該関数発生器からの指令信号と前記ランバック指令とを入力する速度変換器と、該速度変換器からの前記先行動翼開度指令信号と前記動翼開度指令信号とを加算する加算器とを備えたものである。
【0017】
先行信号出力手段が動翼開度指令信号を入力する関数発生器と、この関数発生器からの指令信号とランバック指令を入力する速度変換器と、この速度変換器からの先行動翼開度指令信号と動翼開度指令信号とを加算する加算器とを備えたものは、上記ボイラ押込通風機の制御装置の作用に加え、簡単な制御機器の組み合わせにより確実に制御が可能であると共に経済的である。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置の実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
【0019】
図2は、本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置を採用した排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルのボイラの燃焼用空気の系統図である。本実施の形態の排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラ1は、ガスタービン28を運転した状態のコンバインドモードでは、ボイラ本体2の火炉20に風箱35を介して燃焼用空気53aを供給するボイラ押込通風機23と、第3ガス給水加熱器29を通して供給するガスタービン排ガス55の一部である燃焼用排ガス57をガスタービン排ガス風道入口ダンパ30を介して燃焼用空気53bに合流させて火炉20に供給するガスタービン28とを有している。ガスタービン排ガス55の他の一部であるガスタービン排ガス56は、ボイラ本体2の出口27の燃焼ガスにボイラバイパスダンパ31を介して合流される。ボイラ押込通風機23の燃焼用空気53aは、空気予熱器32を通して火炉20に供給される。
【0020】
更に、ボイラ本体2の出口27から吸込ダンパ43aを介して燃焼ガスを吸い込み、供給ダンパ43bを介して火炉20及び供給ダンパ43cを介して火炉20の風箱35に供給するガス再循環ファン43が設けられている。ボイラ本体2の出口27から排出された燃焼ガスは、ガスタービン排ガス56と合流してボイラ排ガス58となって、その一部は第2ガス給水加熱器入口ダンパ41を介して第2ガス給水加熱器40に入り、更に第1ガス給水加熱器42に入るものと、入口ガスダンパ33を介して空気予熱器32に供給されるものとに別れ、これら二つが更に合流して入口ダンパ38を介して誘引通風機37によって煙突44に排気される。誘引通風機37にはバイパスダンパ39が設けられている。又、空気予熱器32に供給されるボイラ排ガスは、ボイラ押込通風機23によって供給される燃焼用空気53aを予熱する。
【0021】
図1は、本発明に係るボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置の一実施の形態を説明する系統図である。図2で使用した参照番号も使用して説明する。
【0022】
本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法は、ボイラ本体2の節炭器25の出口26における出口酸素濃度の高低とガスタービン28の燃焼用排ガス流量の大小によりボイラ押込通風機23の動翼24aの開度、即ち動翼開度24を制御すると共に、ボイラ1の負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に出力するランバック指令18により、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を増加させ、節炭器25の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に動翼開度24を減少させることである。
【0023】
更に、詳細には、ボイラ節炭器25の出口酸素濃度検知信号7とガスタービン28の燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号10とから求めた信号にランバック指令18を加えた先行動翼開度指令信号19とボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度指令信号14bとを加算した指令信号によりボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を制御する。即ち、燃料流量指令信号3を関数発生器4aに導いて求めたボイラ押込通風機23の燃焼用空気流量指令信号5に節炭器の出口26の酸素濃度検知信号(偏差)7で補正した数値よりガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号10を減算して求めた信号を関数発生器15に導き出力された信号を速度変換器16に入力し、ランバック指令18が加えられて先行動翼開度指令信号19を出力し、この先行動翼開度指令信号19と調節器13の出力信号である動翼開度指令信号14bとを加算器17によって加算し、先行信号(バイアス)として動翼開度を制御する。
【0024】
速度変換器16は、通常時速度変化率を広げておき(速度変換器16の影響を無くしておき)、ランバック指令時には直ちにその信号を受けて、速度変換器16を介した信号が、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24の先行信号となる。
【0025】
このような構成を有することにより、コンバインドモードで、且つ、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24により節炭器出口26の酸素濃度が制御されている状態において、関数発生器15と速度変換器16を追加し、ランバック指令18を入力することにより先行信号を加算してボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度24を速やかに上昇させ、節炭器出口26の酸素濃度の回復を検知して、このタイミングに合わせてボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度先行信号を抜くことにより節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下を軽減し、安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。
【0026】
図3は、ランバック動作時の経過時間とボイラ押込通風機動翼開度の関係曲線図、図4は、ランバック動作時の経過時間と節炭器出口酸素濃度の関係曲線図である。実線で示す曲線46、48は本実施の形態の場合を示し、破線で示す曲線47、49は従来技術の場合を示す。本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法は、予め定められた増加率でボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を速やかに増加させると共に、節炭器25の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に予め定められた減少率でボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を減少させることである。但し、図3の曲線46、47は、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24の予め定められた増加率又は減少率に他の制御条件を加味して表示しているので、曲線46、47から増加率又は減少率を直接読み取ることは出来ない。
【0027】
図3において、△印で示す時刻50でランバック指令がかかると、時刻50と時刻51の間においては、略0.5%/秒の予め定められた増加率でボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を速やかに増加させると、曲線46に示すように、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24が増加する。これによって、図4の曲線48に示すように、節炭器の出口酸素濃度は比較的低下せずに回復する。節炭器の出口酸素濃度が十分回復した後は、図3の時刻51と時刻52の間において、略0.033%/秒の予め定められた減少率でボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を減少させると、曲線46に示すように、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24が減少する。これによって、図4に示すように、節炭器の出口酸素濃度が緩やかに減少する。図3に示す従来技術による曲線47の場合は、図4の曲線49に示すように△印で示す時刻50でランバック指令がかかると、節炭器の出口酸素濃度が0になってから回復するので、火炉の燃焼不安定の原因となる。
【0028】
ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24を速やかに増加させる予め定められた増加率は、上記実施の形態においては略0.5%/秒であったが、0.5〜1.0%/秒の範囲にあれば、節炭器の出口酸素濃度は比較的低下せずに回復する。増加率が0.5%/秒未満の場合には節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下が大きくなり燃焼不安定の恐れがある。増加率が1.0%/秒を超える場合にはボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度の速度が大きく十分に追従しない恐れがある。同様に、ボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度24の予め定められた減少率は、上記実施の形態においては略0.033%/秒であった。減少率が必要以上に低い場合には節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下が遅く、酸素過剰の状態となり燃焼振動或いはNOx値の環境規制値を超える恐れがある。
【0029】
次に、本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御装置について説明する。図2に示すように、本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御装置は、ボイラ本体2の火炉20に燃焼用空気53aを押し込むボイラ押込通風機23と、燃焼用空気53aに混合する燃焼用排ガス57を排出するガスタービン28と、ボイラ1で発生した蒸気を利用する図示していない蒸気タービンと、ボイラ1の燃焼ガスの余熱を利用する節炭器25とを有する排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルのボイラ1に設けられる。
【0030】
更に、図1に示すように、本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御装置は、ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に、節炭器25の出口酸素濃度検知信号7、ガスタービン28の燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号10及びボイラ押込通風機23の燃焼用空気流量検知信号12を基に調節器13から求めたボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度指令信号14bに先行して動翼開度24を速やかに増加させる先行動翼開度指令信号19を出力する先行信号出力手段を備えたものである。
【0031】
先行信号出力手段は、先に説明したように、燃料流量指令信号3から関数発生器4aで求めたボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量指令信号5に節炭機の出口酸素(O2)濃度検知信号(偏差)7を乗算器8により乗算した信号からガスタービン燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号10を減算器9により減算したボイラ押込通風機23の動翼開度指令信号14aを入力する関数発生器15と、この関数発生器15からの指令信号とランバック指令18を入力する速度変換器16と、この速度変換器16が出力した先行動翼開度指令信号19と動翼開度指令信号14aと実測値のボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号(偏差)12を減算器11により減算した信号を調節器13に入力し、調節器13から出力した動翼開度指令信号14bとを加算する加算器17とを備えたものである。
【0032】
上記構成を有する本実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御装置は、節炭器の出口酸素濃度の低下を軽減し、安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。更に、簡単な制御機器の組み合わせにより確実に制御が可能であると共に経済的である。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置によれば、排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラの蒸気タービン負荷運転中にガスタービンを運転したコンバインドモードにおいて、ランバック動作時に節炭器の出口酸素濃度の急激な低下を軽減して安定したボイラの燃焼が得られ、火炉その他のドラフトの低下も小さい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置の一実施の形態を説明する系統図である。
【図2】図1の実施の形態のボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置を採用した排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラの燃焼用空気の系統図である。
【図3】ランバック動作時の経過時間とボイラ押込通風機動翼開度の関係曲線図である。
【図4】ランバック動作時の経過時間と節炭器出口酸素濃度の関係曲線図である。
【図5】従来技術に係るボイラ押込通風機の制御方法及び装置を説明する系統図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ボイラ
7 酸素濃度検知信号
10 燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号
12 燃焼用空気流量検知信号
14a、14b 動翼開度指令信号
15 関数発生器(先行信号出力手段)
16 速度変換器(先行信号出力手段)
17 加算器(先行信号出力手段)
18 ランバック指令
19 先行動翼開度指令信号
20 火炉
23 ボイラ押込通風機
24 動翼開度
24a 動翼
25 節炭器
26 節炭器の出口
28 ガスタービン
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a control method and an apparatus for a boiler push-in ventilator during a run-back operation in which a boiler load is rapidly lowered in a combined mode of an exhaust reburning combined cycle boiler.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a control circuit for controlling the moving blade opening degree of the boiler push-in ventilator of the exhaust recombustion combined cycle boiler according to the prior art. The rotor blade opening 24 of the boiler forced air blower is detected from the fuel flow rate command signal 3 by the function generator 4a in the combustion air flow rate command signal 5 of the boiler forced air blower, and the outlet oxygen (O 2 ) concentration detection of the economizer. A combustion blade air flow rate command signal 14a obtained by subtracting a gas turbine combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal 10 from a signal obtained by multiplying a signal (deviation) 7 by a multiplier 8 by a subtractor 9 and an actual measured value of the combustion air flow rate of the boiler pusher Boiler pushing ventilator blade opening 24 is controlled by moving blade opening command signal 14b, which is obtained by subtracting detection signal (deviation) 12 by subtractor 11 and proportionally and integrating the deviation signal obtained by adjusting device 13. . The function generator indicated by reference numeral 4b outputs a combustion air flow command signal for the boiler push-in ventilator when the exhaust gas from the gas turbine is not used as combustion air for the boiler.
[0003]
On the other hand, as disclosed in JP-A-61-72924, by operating the operation end of the ventilation system in advance at the time of load runback, the fluctuation of the pressure in the furnace at the time of load runback is suppressed, There is known a control method and apparatus for a boiler push ventilator that makes it easy to keep this within a specified range.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a rapid load narrowing command (hereinafter referred to as a “runback command”) is issued during a runback operation in which the boiler load drops rapidly due to a gas turbine accident or the like in the combined mode, a gas turbine exhaust gas wind duct inlet damper is issued. (Reference numeral 30 in FIG. 2) is narrowed down, and the exhaust gas flow rate for combustion of the gas turbine supplied to the wind box is interrupted, so that the blade opening 24 of the boiler forced air blower operates to ensure combustion air. However, it takes time to operate up to a predetermined opening degree. On the other hand, since the exhaust gas flow rate for gas turbine combustion decreases rapidly, the combustion air becomes insufficient, the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the economizer suddenly decreases, and combustion may become unstable.
[0005]
Furthermore, since the combustion air flow rate detection signal 12 of the boiler push-in ventilator is multiplied by the economizer outlet oxygen concentration detection signal 7 by the multiplier 8, the economizer exit oxygen concentration and the boiler push-in ventilator Since the phase of the combustion air flow rate is different, if the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer greatly fluctuates, it may take time to set the boiler.
[0006]
Furthermore, since the flow rate of combustion air introduced into the boiler furnace decreases, the draft of the furnace may also decrease.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the control method and apparatus for the boiler forced draft fan disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-72924, since the pressure fluctuation of the boiler furnace is suppressed, the combustion state of the furnace is not necessarily accurately captured, There was a fear that it could not be maintained well.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a control method and an apparatus for a boiler push-in ventilator that provides stable combustion of a boiler furnace during a run-back operation in a combined mode of an exhaust reburning type combined cycle boiler, and that has a small reduction in the furnace and other drafts. It is to be.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an exhaust recombustion type combined gas turbine having a steam turbine that uses steam generated in a boiler, and a gas turbine that discharges combustion exhaust gas mixed with combustion air that is pushed into a furnace of the boiler. In the control method of a boiler push-in fan that pushes the combustion air into the furnace furnace of the cycle, the level of the outlet oxygen concentration of the boiler economizer and the exhaust gas flow rate for combustion of the gas turbine The blade opening of the boiler pusher is controlled by the runback command that is output during the runback operation in which the load of the boiler drops rapidly, and the blade opening of the boiler pusher is increased. The blade opening is decreased with the recovery of the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer.
[0010]
The blade opening of the boiler pusher is controlled by the level of the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the economizer and the flow rate of the exhaust gas for combustion of the gas turbine, and the runback command output during the runback operation is used to control the boiler pusher By increasing the blade opening and reducing the blade opening along with the recovery of the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer, the decrease in the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer is reduced, and stable boiler combustion is obtained. The decrease in the furnace and other drafts is small.
[0011]
When runback occurs during combined mode operation, the rotor opening of the boiler push-in ventilator according to the runback command is quickly increased and the combustion air flow rate is increased to reduce the oxygen concentration at the economizer outlet. Mitigating, stabilizing boiler combustion, and reducing drafts in the furnace and other parts.
[0012]
Furthermore, in the control method for the boiler push-in ventilator, the pre-action blade obtained by adding the runback command to a signal obtained from an outlet oxygen concentration detection signal of the boiler economizer and a combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal of the gas turbine That is, the moving blade opening degree of the boiler pushing ventilator is controlled by a command signal obtained by adding the opening degree command signal and the moving blade opening degree command signal of the boiler pushing ventilator. Pre-action blade opening command signal obtained by adding a runback command to the signal obtained from the outlet oxygen concentration detection signal of the economizer and the exhaust gas flow detection signal for combustion of the gas turbine, and the moving blade opening command signal of the boiler push-in ventilator By controlling the moving blade opening degree of the boiler push ventilator with a command signal obtained by adding the above, the same operation as the method for controlling the boiler push ventilator is achieved.
[0013]
And in the control method of the said boiler pushing ventilator, while increasing the moving blade opening degree of the said boiler pushing ventilator rapidly with the predetermined increase rate, it is predetermined with the recovery | restoration of the exit oxygen concentration of the said economizer. The blade opening degree of the boiler pusher is reduced at a reduced rate. Control of the above-mentioned boiler push-up fan by increasing the blade opening at a predetermined increase rate and decreasing the blade opening at a predetermined decrease rate along with the recovery of the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer. The operation of the method is performed more reliably, stable boiler combustion is obtained, and the reduction of the furnace and other drafts is small.
[0014]
A boiler pushing ventilator that pushes combustion air into a furnace furnace; a gas turbine that discharges combustion exhaust gas mixed with the combustion air; a steam turbine that uses steam generated in the boiler; and In a control device for a boiler push-in ventilator of an exhaust re-fired combined cycle boiler having a economizer that uses residual heat of combustion gas, the outlet of the economizer during a runback operation in which the load of the boiler drops rapidly The moving blade precedes the moving blade opening command signal of the boiler forced air blower obtained from the oxygen concentration detecting signal, the exhaust gas flow rate detecting signal for combustion of the gas turbine, and the combustion air flow rate detected signal of the boiler forced air fan It is provided with a preceding signal output means for outputting a leading action blade opening degree command signal for rapidly increasing the opening degree.
[0015]
At the time of runback operation, the moving blade opening command signal of the boiler push-in ventilator obtained from the outlet oxygen concentration detection signal of the economizer, the exhaust gas flow rate detection signal of the gas turbine combustion, and the combustion air flow rate detection signal of the boiler push ventilator That has a leading signal output means for outputting a leading action blade opening command signal that quickly increases the blade opening in advance of reducing the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer and reducing the stable boiler Combustion is obtained, and furnace and other draft reductions are small.
[0016]
In the control device for a boiler push-in ventilator, the preceding signal output means includes a function generator for inputting a moving blade opening degree command signal for the boiler push-in ventilator, a command signal from the function generator, and the run signal. A speed converter for inputting a back command, and an adder for adding the leading action blade opening command signal and the moving blade opening command signal from the speed converter are provided.
[0017]
A function generator in which the leading signal output means inputs the blade opening command signal, a speed converter for inputting the command signal and the runback command from the function generator, and the leading action blade opening from the speed converter In addition to the operation of the control device for the boiler push-in ventilator, those equipped with an adder for adding the command signal and the blade opening command signal can be reliably controlled by a combination of simple control devices. Economical.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a control method and apparatus for a boiler push-in ventilator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the combustion air of the boiler of the exhaust recombustion type combined cycle that employs the control method and apparatus for the boiler pusher of the present embodiment. The exhaust recombustion combined cycle boiler 1 according to the present embodiment is a boiler pusher that supplies combustion air 53a to the furnace 20 of the boiler body 2 via the wind box 35 in the combined mode in which the gas turbine 28 is operated. 23 and the combustion exhaust gas 57 that is part of the gas turbine exhaust gas 55 supplied through the third gas feed water heater 29 is joined to the combustion air 53b via the gas turbine exhaust gas air duct inlet damper 30 and supplied to the furnace 20 Gas turbine 28. The gas turbine exhaust gas 56 that is another part of the gas turbine exhaust gas 55 is joined to the combustion gas at the outlet 27 of the boiler body 2 via the boiler bypass damper 31. The combustion air 53 a of the boiler pusher 23 is supplied to the furnace 20 through the air preheater 32.
[0020]
Furthermore, a gas recirculation fan 43 that sucks combustion gas from the outlet 27 of the boiler body 2 through the suction damper 43a and supplies the furnace 20 and the supply box 43c to the wind box 35 of the furnace 20 through the supply damper 43b. Is provided. The combustion gas discharged from the outlet 27 of the boiler body 2 joins with the gas turbine exhaust gas 56 to become a boiler exhaust gas 58, and part of the combustion gas is heated by the second gas feed water via the second gas feed water heater inlet damper 41. The first gas feed water heater 42 and the first gas feed water heater 42 are supplied to the air preheater 32 via the inlet gas damper 33, and these two are further merged via the inlet damper 38. The air is exhausted to the chimney 44 by the induction fan 37. The induction fan 37 is provided with a bypass damper 39. Further, the boiler exhaust gas supplied to the air preheater 32 preheats the combustion air 53 a supplied by the boiler pusher 23.
[0021]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram for explaining an embodiment of a control method and apparatus for a boiler pusher according to the present invention. The description will also be made using the reference numerals used in FIG.
[0022]
The control method of the boiler forced air blower according to the present embodiment is based on the operation of the boiler forced air blower 23 depending on the level of the outlet oxygen concentration at the outlet 26 of the economizer 25 of the boiler body 2 and the magnitude of the combustion exhaust gas flow rate of the gas turbine 28. The opening degree of the blade 24a, that is, the moving blade opening degree 24 is controlled, and the moving blade opening degree 24 of the boiler pushing ventilator 23 is set by the runback command 18 output during the runback operation in which the load of the boiler 1 drops rapidly. The blade opening degree 24 is decreased as the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer 25 is recovered.
[0023]
More specifically, a leading blade position command signal obtained by adding a runback command 18 to a signal obtained from the outlet oxygen concentration detection signal 7 of the boiler economizer 25 and the combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal 10 of the gas turbine 28. The blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23 is controlled by a command signal obtained by adding 19 and the blade opening command signal 14b of the boiler pusher 23. That is, the numerical value corrected by the oxygen concentration detection signal (deviation) 7 at the outlet 26 of the economizer to the combustion air flow command signal 5 of the boiler pusher 23 obtained by guiding the fuel flow command signal 3 to the function generator 4a. Further, the signal obtained by subtracting the exhaust gas flow rate detection signal 10 for combustion of the gas turbine is guided to the function generator 15, and the output signal is input to the speed converter 16, and the runback command 18 is added to open the leading action blade. Degree command signal 19 is output, and the leading blade position command signal 19 and the moving blade position command signal 14b, which is the output signal of the regulator 13, are added by an adder 17 to open the blade as a preceding signal (bias). Control the degree.
[0024]
The speed converter 16 widens the normal speed change rate (eliminates the influence of the speed converter 16), receives the signal immediately at the time of the run-back command, and the signal via the speed converter 16 becomes the boiler. This is a preceding signal of the blade opening 24 of the forced draft fan 23.
[0025]
By having such a configuration, in the combined mode and in the state where the oxygen concentration at the economizer outlet 26 is controlled by the moving blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23, the function generator 15 and the speed conversion are performed. Is added, and a run-back command 18 is input to add a preceding signal to quickly raise the moving blade opening 24 of the boiler push-in ventilator and detect the recovery of the oxygen concentration at the economizer outlet 26 In response to this timing, the lowering of the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the economizer is reduced by removing the blade opening advance signal of the boiler push-in ventilator, and stable boiler combustion is obtained, and the furnace and other drafts are reduced. Is also small.
[0026]
FIG. 3 is a relational curve diagram of the elapsed time during the runback operation and the opening degree of the boiler pushing ventilator blade, and FIG. 4 is a relationship curve diagram of the elapsed time during the runback operation and the oxygen saver outlet oxygen concentration. Curves 46 and 48 indicated by solid lines indicate the case of the present embodiment, and curves 47 and 49 indicated by broken lines indicate the case of the prior art. The control method of the boiler forced air blower according to the present embodiment increases the moving blade opening 24 of the boiler forced air blower 23 quickly at a predetermined increase rate, and also recovers the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer 25. This is to reduce the blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23 at a predetermined reduction rate. However, since the curves 46 and 47 in FIG. 3 are displayed by adding other control conditions to the predetermined increase rate or decrease rate of the moving blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23, the curve 46, The increase rate or decrease rate cannot be read directly from 47.
[0027]
In FIG. 3, when a runback command is issued at time 50 indicated by Δ, between the time 50 and time 51, the boiler push ventilator 23 moves at a predetermined rate of increase of approximately 0.5% / second. When the blade opening 24 is quickly increased, the blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23 increases as shown by a curve 46. As a result, as shown by a curve 48 in FIG. 4, the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer recovers without relatively decreasing. After the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer has sufficiently recovered, the blade opening of the boiler forced air blower 23 is opened at a predetermined reduction rate of approximately 0.033% / second between time 51 and time 52 in FIG. When the degree 24 is decreased, as shown by a curve 46, the moving blade opening degree 24 of the boiler pushing ventilator 23 is decreased. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer gradually decreases. In the case of the curve 47 according to the prior art shown in FIG. 3, when a runback command is applied at time 50 indicated by Δ as shown by the curve 49 in FIG. 4, the recovery is made after the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer becomes zero. Therefore, it becomes a cause of unstable combustion of the furnace.
[0028]
The predetermined increase rate for rapidly increasing the moving blade opening 24 of the boiler pusher 23 is approximately 0.5% / second in the above embodiment, but is 0.5 to 1.0%. If it is in the range of / sec, the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer recovers without relatively decreasing. When the increase rate is less than 0.5% / second, the decrease in the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the economizer becomes large and there is a risk of unstable combustion. When the increase rate exceeds 1.0% / second, the moving blade opening speed of the boiler forced draft fan 23 may be large and may not follow sufficiently. Similarly, the predetermined reduction rate of the moving blade opening degree 24 of the boiler push-in ventilator 23 is approximately 0.033% / second in the above embodiment. When the reduction rate is lower than necessary, the decrease in the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the economizer is slow, resulting in an excess of oxygen, which may exceed the environmental regulation value of combustion vibration or NOx value.
[0029]
Next, the control device for the boiler push-in ventilator of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the control device for the boiler forced air blower according to the present embodiment includes a boiler forced air blower 23 that pushes the combustion air 53 a into the furnace 20 of the boiler body 2 and a combustion air mixed with the combustion air 53 a. An exhaust gas reburning combined cycle having a gas turbine 28 that discharges exhaust gas 57, a steam turbine (not shown) that uses steam generated in the boiler 1, and a economizer 25 that uses residual heat of combustion gas from the boiler 1. It is provided in the boiler 1.
[0030]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the control device for the boiler push-in ventilator according to the present embodiment includes an outlet oxygen concentration detection signal 7 of the economizer 25, a gas turbine during a runback operation in which the boiler load drops rapidly. 28 is preceded by the moving blade opening command signal 14b of the boiler forced air blower 23 obtained from the regulator 13 based on the combustion exhaust gas flow rate detected signal 10 of 28 and the combustion air flow rate detected signal 12 of the boiler forced air ventilator 23. A preceding signal output means for outputting a leading action blade opening degree command signal 19 for rapidly increasing the blade opening degree 24 is provided.
[0031]
As described above, the preceding signal output means adds the outlet oxygen (O 2 ) concentration of the economizer to the combustion air flow command signal 5 of the boiler forced air blower obtained from the fuel flow command signal 3 by the function generator 4a. A function generator for inputting a moving blade opening command signal 14a of a boiler pusher 23 obtained by subtracting a gas turbine combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal 10 by a subtracter 9 from a signal obtained by multiplying a detection signal (deviation) 7 by a multiplier 8 15, a speed converter 16 for inputting a command signal from the function generator 15 and a runback command 18, a leading action blade opening command signal 19 and a moving blade opening command signal 14 a output from the speed converter 16. A signal obtained by subtracting the combustion air flow rate detection signal (deviation) 12 of the boiler push-in ventilator 12 of the actual measurement value by the subtractor 11 is input to the adjuster 13, and the moving blade opening command signal 14 b output from the adjuster 13 is obtained. Add It is obtained by an adder 17.
[0032]
The control device for the boiler push-in ventilator of the present embodiment having the above configuration reduces the decrease in the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer, obtains stable combustion of the boiler, and reduces the decrease in the furnace and other drafts. Furthermore, it can be reliably controlled by a combination of simple control devices and is economical.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the control method and apparatus for a boiler push-in fan of the present invention, in the combined mode in which the gas turbine is operated during the steam turbine load operation of the exhaust recombustion type combined cycle boiler, the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer is reduced during the runback operation. Stable boiler combustion can be achieved by reducing the rapid drop, and the furnace and other drafts are also low.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating an embodiment of a control method and apparatus for a boiler forced air fan according to the present invention.
2 is a system diagram of combustion air of the exhaust recombustion type combined cycle boiler that employs the control method and apparatus for the boiler forced air fan of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 3 is a relationship curve diagram between an elapsed time during a runback operation and a boiler pushing ventilator blade opening degree.
FIG. 4 is a relationship curve diagram of the elapsed time and the economizer outlet oxygen concentration during the runback operation.
FIG. 5 is a system diagram for explaining a control method and apparatus for a boiler push-in ventilator according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 7 Oxygen concentration detection signal 10 Combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal 12 Combustion air flow rate detection signal 14a, 14b Moving blade opening degree command signal 15 Function generator (advance signal output means)
16 Speed converter (preceding signal output means)
17 Adder (preceding signal output means)
18 Runback command 19 Pre-acting blade opening command signal 20 Furnace 23 Boiler push-in ventilator 24 Rotor blade opening 24a Rotor blade 25 Economy unit 26 Exit of economizer 28 Gas turbine

Claims (5)

ボイラで発生した蒸気を利用する蒸気タービンと、前記ボイラの火炉に押し込む燃焼用空気に混合する燃焼用排ガスを排出するガスタービンとを有する排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルの前記ボイラであって、前記燃焼用空気を前記ボイラの火炉に押し込むボイラ押込通風機の制御方法において、前記ボイラの節炭器の出口酸素濃度の高低と前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量の大小により前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御すると共に、前記ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に出力するランバック指令により、前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を増加させ、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に前記動翼開度を減少させることを特徴とするボイラ押込通風機の制御方法。The boiler of an exhaust recombustion type combined cycle, comprising: a steam turbine that uses steam generated in a boiler; and a gas turbine that discharges combustion exhaust gas mixed with combustion air that is pushed into a furnace of the boiler, In a control method for a boiler push-in ventilator that pushes air into a furnace of the boiler, the rotor blade opening of the boiler push-up ventilator is controlled depending on the level of oxygen concentration at the outlet of the boiler economizer and the flow rate of exhaust gas for combustion in the gas turbine. In addition to controlling the degree, the runback command that is output during the runback operation in which the boiler load drops rapidly increases the moving blade opening of the boiler forced air blower, and the outlet oxygen concentration of the economizer is restored. And a method for controlling a boiler forced air fan, wherein the moving blade opening is decreased. 請求項1において、前記ボイラ節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号と前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号とから求めた信号に前記ランバック指令を加えた先行動翼開度指令信号と前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号とを加算した指令信号により前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を制御することを特徴とするボイラ押込通風機の制御方法。2. The front action blade opening degree command signal obtained by adding the runback command to a signal obtained from an outlet oxygen concentration detection signal of the boiler economizer and a combustion exhaust gas flow rate detection signal of the gas turbine, and the boiler A control method for a boiler push ventilator, wherein the blade opening degree of the boiler push ventilator is controlled by a command signal obtained by adding a moving blade opening command signal of the push ventilator. 請求項2において、予め定められた増加率で前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を速やかに増加させると共に、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度の回復と共に予め定められた減少率で前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度を減少させることを特徴とするボイラ押込通風機の制御方法。In Claim 2, while increasing the moving blade opening degree of the said boiler pushing ventilator rapidly with a predetermined increase rate, recovery of the exit oxygen concentration of the said economizer with a predetermined decreasing rate is carried out. A control method for a boiler push-in ventilator, wherein the moving blade opening of the ventilator is decreased. ボイラの火炉に燃焼用空気を押し込むボイラ押込通風機と、前記燃焼用空気に混合する燃焼用排ガスを排出するガスタービンと、前記ボイラで発生した蒸気を利用する蒸気タービンと、前記ボイラの燃焼ガスの余熱を利用する節炭器とを有する排気再燃型コンバインドサイクルボイラのボイラ押込通風機の制御装置において、前記ボイラの負荷が急速に降下するランバック動作時に、前記節炭器の出口酸素濃度検知信号、前記ガスタービンの燃焼用排ガス流量検知信号及び前記ボイラ押込通風機の燃焼用空気流量検知信号から求めた前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号に先行して前記動翼開度を速やかに増加させる先行動翼開度指令信号を出力する先行信号出力手段を備えたものであることを特徴とするボイラ押込通風機の制御装置。Boiler pushing ventilator that pushes combustion air into a furnace of a boiler, a gas turbine that discharges combustion exhaust gas mixed with the combustion air, a steam turbine that uses steam generated in the boiler, and combustion gas of the boiler In a control device for a boiler forced ventilator of an exhaust recombustion type combined cycle boiler having a economizer that uses the residual heat of the boiler, the outlet oxygen concentration detection of the economizer during a run-back operation in which the load of the boiler drops rapidly The blade opening degree is preceded by the rotor blade opening command signal of the boiler forced air blower obtained from the signal, the exhaust gas flow rate detection signal for combustion of the gas turbine and the combustion air flow rate detection signal of the boiler forced air blower. A control device for a boiler push-in ventilator, characterized by comprising preceding signal output means for outputting a leading action blade opening degree command signal that is quickly increased. 請求項4において、前記先行信号出力手段は、前記ボイラ押込通風機の動翼開度指令信号を入力する関数発生器と、該関数発生器からの指令信号と前記ランバック指令とを入力する速度変換器と、該速度変換器からの前記先行動翼開度指令信号と前記動翼開度指令信号とを加算する加算器とを備えたものであることを特徴とするボイラ押込通風機の制御装置。5. The preceding signal output means according to claim 4, wherein the function generator that inputs a moving blade opening degree command signal of the boiler push-in ventilator, and a speed at which the command signal from the function generator and the runback command are input. Control of a boiler pushing ventilator comprising a converter and an adder for adding the leading action blade opening command signal and the moving blade opening command signal from the speed converter apparatus.
JP03990296A 1996-02-27 1996-02-27 Control method and apparatus for boiler forced draft fan Expired - Fee Related JP3777471B2 (en)

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CN102235658A (en) * 2011-04-20 2011-11-09 华能国际电力股份有限公司海门电厂 Hearth negative pressure control method and system for coal-fired generating unit draught fan driven by small steam turbine
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