JP3776384B2 - Repair and reinforcement methods for concrete structures - Google Patents

Repair and reinforcement methods for concrete structures Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3776384B2
JP3776384B2 JP2002206416A JP2002206416A JP3776384B2 JP 3776384 B2 JP3776384 B2 JP 3776384B2 JP 2002206416 A JP2002206416 A JP 2002206416A JP 2002206416 A JP2002206416 A JP 2002206416A JP 3776384 B2 JP3776384 B2 JP 3776384B2
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sheet
layer
reinforcing
concrete structure
carbon fiber
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JP2004044322A (en
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圭治 今村
和之 若菜
英世 本間
琢己 山懸
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Nitto Boseki Co Ltd
Sho Bond Corp
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Nitto Boseki Co Ltd
Sho Bond Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に関し、更に詳しくはカーボン繊維シートと、該カーボン繊維シートに編み込んだガラス繊維シート又は不織布とでなる2層構造のシートによるコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
昨今に於いて、道路橋や建築物の床版又は梁が鉄筋の錆や疲労等により又はコンクリートの中性化等によって老朽化し、社会問題となっている。而して、当該道路橋や建築物の床版又は梁を補修又は補強する必要があった。そこで、従来の技術としては、下地に含浸接着剤を予め塗布し、例えばカーボン繊維シートを所定の位置に貼付ける構成である。この構成では、専用の含浸器具を用いて当該カーボン繊維シートが蛇行することなく、弛みを防止し又は毛羽立ちがないように当該接着剤を下地に含浸させることが重要である。
【0003】
そして、従来の技術の具体例としては、図6に示すようなコンクリート構造物の補強方法がある。これについて説明すれば、コンクリート製の床版1のコンクリート下面に床版1の長さ方向に沿って、並行に等間隔に配列してなるカーボン繊維強化プラスチック板2、2、2が接着され、また床版1の幅方向にもカーボン繊維強化プラスチック板3、3、3が床版1の長さ方向に延びるカーボン繊維強化プラスチック板2、2、2と直行するように等間隔に配列されている。そして、該カーボン繊維強化プラスチック板2、2、2及び3、3、3の組合せによりカーボン繊維強化シート4を構成し、コンクリート製の床版1の補強を行っていた。
【0004】
そこで、床版1へのカーボン繊維強化シート4による補修又は補強方法は、コンクリート構造物のコンクリート剥離や落下する箇所を補修等することや耐荷力を向上させる目的であって、先ず、床版1の下面に付着している油などの不純物を有機溶剤や水で除去し、床版1の下面のひび割れ部やコンクリートの欠けた箇所にモルタル又は樹脂を充填し、またコンクリートの凸部を削り接着面をサンダー等で平滑にする。ついで、床版1の下面にカーボン繊維強化材のマトリックスとなる接着剤や樹脂を塗布ローラで塗布し、長さ方向及び幅方向にカーボン繊維強化プラスチック板2、2、2及び3、3、3を所定の間隔で配置し、当該カーボン繊維強化プラスチック板2、2、2及び3、3、3上にマトリックスとなる樹脂を塗布し、その上を脱泡ローラがけを行い、カーボン繊維強化シート4へ専用の含浸器具(図示せず)で樹脂含浸と同時に脱泡を実施し、常温で硬化させる。而して、床版1の下面のコンクリートにいわゆるカーボン繊維強化プラスチックシート層を形成し、該床版1の補修又は補強を行う。そして、補修や補強の度合いによって、これらの積層作業を繰り返し、積層枚数すなわち強化繊維層を増加させるコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法であった。尚、図中、5は床版1を支持している橋脚である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は叙上したコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法は、次のような課題が存在した。
すなわち、先ず、躯体等の下地に含浸接着剤を予め丁寧に塗布し、当該カーボン繊維プラスチック板2、2、2及び3、3、3の組合せでなるカーボン繊維強化シート4を所定の位置に貼付ける。このとき、専用の含浸器具を用いて当該カーボン繊維強化シート4が蛇行することなくまた弛むことなく、そして、毛羽立ちがないようにするためには、入念に接着剤を当該カーボン繊維強化シート4に含浸させることが必要である。しかし、当該カーボン繊維強化シート4は自体樹脂や接着剤の含浸性能が悪く、接着剤の塗布むらや含浸作業の丁寧さ等により含浸不足を招来し、含浸作業が完全でないうえ、カーボン繊維強化シート4の貼付け作業を含めて長時間の作業となり、作業効率が悪いものであった。
【0006】
また、貼付け作業完了後に於いても、当該カーボン繊維強化シート4のいわゆる浮きや膨れ現象が惹起し、作業完了後の見栄えが悪く、また当該従来の技術はコンクリート構造物の剥離や落下箇所の補修、又は耐荷力向上のための補強に限定された方法によることも併せてコンクリート構造物全体の補修、補強の効果が薄れるものであった。特に、カーボン繊維強化シート4の浮きや膨れ現象が生起されたとき、接着剤や樹脂を当該カーボン繊維強化シート4に再注入する作業が要求され、トータル的な作業効率が極めて悪く作業コストが大幅に増大する等種々の問題点があった。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、補強層としてのカーボン繊維シートを製作する際に、接着補助層としてのガラス繊維シート又は不織布を予め編み込み、2層構造のシートを構成し、当該2層構造のシートをコンクリートの剥離や落下箇所に限定されない道路橋や各種の建築物等のコンクリート構造物に貼付け、シート貼付け作業の施工性及び確実性を向上させるコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法を提供することを目的としたものであって、次の構成、手段から成立する。
【0008】
請求項1記載の発明によれば、コンクリート構造物を補修・補強する薄くて柔軟性に富むシートであって、該コンクリート構造物に接着するための接着補助層としてのガラス繊維と、該ガラス繊維体に横糸で編み込まれると共に前記接着補助層の上面に積層されかつ接着剤で一体化形成される補強層としてのカーボン繊維体とでなる2層構造のシートに於いて、前記接着補助層としてのガラス繊維体の一部に設けかつ前記補強層としてのカーボン繊維体を横断して編み込んだガラス繊維体でなる裏糸を有し、前記コンクリート構造物の表面に前記接着補助層を施工用接着剤で加熱ローラ又はアイロンを用いて圧着して貼付けすることを特徴とするコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態について、添付図面に基づいて説明する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態1】
本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態1を説明するに当たり、先ず、図1に基づき本発明に係る2層構造のシートを説明する。
【0011】
6は2層構造のシートであって、接着補助層7及び該接着補助層7に編み込まれ又は上面に積層された補強層8で構成されている。該接着補助層7の繊維基材は、主としてガラス繊維で構成され、他の繊維基材としては、ポリエステル繊維、不織布又はその他の有機繊維でなる。該補強層8の繊維基材は、主としてカーボン繊維で構成され、他の繊維基材としては、ポリエステル繊維、ビニロン繊維又はアラミド繊維でなる。9は前記2層構造シート6をコンクリート構造物10に貼付けるための樹脂又は接着剤であって、エポキシ系接着剤、メタクリル系接着剤、ウレタン系接着剤、シリコーン系接着剤、ゴム系接着剤、ビニルエステル系接着剤、ポリエステル系接着剤、ポリマーセメント系接着剤、アクリル系接着剤又はポリオレフィン系接着剤でなる。
【0012】
次に、図2に基づき本発明に係る実施の形態1に於ける2層構造のシート6の詳細な構造等について説明する。図2は裏糸無しの2層構造のシート6の構造を示しており、(a)は斜視図、(b)は(a)の矢印A−A線方向の断面を示す図である。
【0013】
81は補強層8としての例えば、カーボン繊維体であって、該カーボン繊維体81はコンクリート構造物10の2層構造のシート6の破断を防止するために物理的強度を高めることを目的として積層され、その物理的強度は接着補助層7としてのガラス繊維体71を積層されて接着剤9と一体化したとき、コンクリート片が剥離した場合、コンクリート片の重さに耐えて落下を防止する程度の強度を確保する。そして、コンクリート構造物10に当該2層構造のシート6を貼付け、施工する際、使用する接着剤9が上記ガラス繊維体71内に充分含浸され、当該接着剤9によりコンクリート構造物10の剥離や落下を防止する。また、コンクリート構造物10面に引張応力度が作用した場合に、ひび割れを抑制したり、既存のコンクリート構造物10内の鉄筋量の不足を補って、耐荷力の向上を確保する。
尚、ガラス繊維体71の厚さとしては100〜300g/mであって厚みt=0.1〜0.5mmに設計すると好適である。
【0014】
次に、本発明に係る実施の形態1に於ける2層構造のシート6の成形手順について具体的に説明する。
先ず、補強層8は、織布、編布、不織布及び積層布の中から選定された1種又は2種以上の繊維基材からなることが望ましく、更に、前記繊維基材が二本以上の糸条を網目状に交差させて積層した多軸層布であることがより望ましい。その理由は、補強層8が接着補助層7としてのガラス繊維体71より上面である場合、施工用の接着剤9が補強層8側に流入するからである。また、多軸層布としては、例えば、3本の糸を用い交点を接着させた3軸メッシュや縦横の繊維を接着させた構成のもの又は2軸直交積層布など2本以上の糸を用い交点を接着させた積層布を挙げることができる。特に、三軸以上の多軸積層布が縦横だけでなく斜めの方向など多様な方向からの引張りに対して優れた強度を有することとなる。かかる繊維基材としては、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、ビニロン繊維、カーボン繊維、ガラス繊維又はポリオレフィン繊維がよい。そして、これらの繊維は混紡されていてもよいし、縦糸、横糸に使い分けられ、多層に積層されることもできる。
【0015】
本発明に於ける図2(a)に示すものは、補強層8としてのカーボン繊維体81を使用している。そして、該カーボン繊維体81の下側、つまり、コンクリート構造物10へ接着する側から接着補助層7としてのガラス繊維体71を編み込み、両者を結合する。例えば、カーボンのストランドとガラス繊維体71を編み込む際、横糸で相互を繋ぐものである。この状態は、図2(a)の矢印A−A方向からみた断面図、すなわち図2(b)に示している。このように2層構造のシート6は、編み組みされて完成される。そして、当該2層構造のシート6は、図3に示すように厚みや剛性に制限されるものではなく、薄くて柔軟性に富むフィルムや比較的剛性の高い板状のものも含まれる。
【0016】
次に、上記した図2(a)、(b)に示す本発明の実施の形態1に基づく2層構造のシート6をコンクリート構造物10に貼付ける場合、すなわちコンクリート構造物の補修、補強方法を説明する。
【0017】
上述した2層構造のシート6のガラス繊維体71を接着剤9と一体化して図1のように該コンクリート構造物10に貼付ける。2層構造のシート6の貼付けに際しては、加熱ローラーやアイロンを用いて施工用接着剤9の流動性を高めて圧着する。このように施工することにより、該接着剤9を図5(a)に示すようにガラス繊維体71からカーボン繊維体81まで充分に浸透させ、かつ、該接着剤9層中の空気を追い出し、接着する強度を高めることができる。また、枚葉状の発明に係る2層構造のシート6を多数並設して使用するときは、該シート6の端部同志を衝当させてコンクリート構造物10に貼付すると、表面の凹凸がなく、施工後の見栄えがよい。
【0018】
ここで、施工用の接着剤9としては、前述したようなエポキシ系接着剤、メタクリル系接着剤等が選定される。また、これらの接着剤9は高い接着強度が得られることにより、硬化型の接着剤とする。然るに、該接着剤9は常温硬化型、加熱硬化型、水分硬化型、電子線若しくは紫外線又は可視光線などのエネルギー線硬化型等が良好である。そして、これらの接着剤を2種以上積層しても勿論可能である。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態2】
本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修、補強方法に於ける実施の形態2を説明する。図4は、裏糸有りの2層構造のシート61の構造を示しており、(a)は斜視図、(b)は(a)の矢印B−B線方向の断面図を示す図である。
【0020】
61は、本発明に係る実施の形態2に基づく2層構造のシートである。11は、接着補助層7としてのガラス繊維体71の一部に設けかつ前記補強層8のカーボン繊維体81を横断した編み込んだ裏糸である。該裏糸11は、前記2層構造のシート61の歪み防止機能を備えた例えばガラス繊維体で構成される。また、該裏糸11はビニロン繊維体、アラミド繊維体、ポリエステル繊維体等で形成することができ、例えば図4(b)に示すようにカーボン繊維体81に縫い込むように連系して固定している。
【0021】
尚、本発明に係る実施の形態2による2層構造のシート61に於ける外の構成部分は、前記図2(a)、(b)に示す本発明に係る実施の形態1による2層構造のシート6に於ける構成と同一であるので、その説明を省略する。また、本発明に係る実施の形態2によるコンクリート構造物の補修、補強方法の手順等は前述した実施の形態1と略同一であり、その説明を省略する。
【0022】
次に、本発明に係る2層構造のシート6、61の施工性及び付着強度について試験した結果について説明する。
【0023】
前記2層構造のシート6、61を次の仕様で試験を行った。すなわち、補強層8としてのカーボン繊維体81が20tタイプ、300g/mであって、接着補助層7としてのガラス繊維体71が目付108g/mの平織り構成で、縦60本/インチ、横57本/インチ、厚さ0.1mmである。そして、試験結果としては図5(b)に示すデータが得られた。
【0024】
裏糸11の有無に関わらず施工性は良く、図5(a)に示すようにシート6、61表面への接着剤9(下塗り0.40〜0.47g/m)の浸み出しは早かった。通常のカーボン繊維体81の場合、カーボンストランドの緊張の違いから浮きが少量発生するが、本シート6、61の場合その傾向も見られなかった。本シート6、61の場合、裏面にガラス繊維体71があるため直線性を確保し易い。特に裏に歪み防止ガラス繊維を配した(裏糸有り)ものの方が直線性が高い。
【0025】
また、接着剤9のシート6、61への含浸性を確認した結果、ガラス繊維体71、カーボン繊維体81共に十分含浸している。これは、ガラス繊維体71の糸には表面にワックス、シランカップリング剤等の表面活性剤が処理されており、含浸し易くなる。また、絶縁カーボン繊維シートは含浸性、付着性、上向き施工性共に良好であった。
付着強さ試験の結果、図5(b)に示すように全てが十分な付着強さを示し、破壊形状もコンクリート母材破壊であった。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法は叙上の構成及び工程であるので、次の効果がある。
【0027】
請求項1記載の発明によれば、コンクリート構造物を補修・補強する薄くて柔軟性に富むシートであって、該コンクリート構造物に接着するための接着補助層としてのガラス繊維と、該ガラス繊維体に横糸で編み込まれると共に前記接着補助層の上面に積層されかつ接着剤で一体化形成される補強層としてのカーボン繊維体とでなる2層構造のシートに於いて、前記接着補助層としてのガラス繊維体の一部に設けかつ前記補強層としてのカーボン繊維体を横断して編み込んだガラス繊維体でなる裏糸を有し、前記コンクリート構造物の表面に前記接着補助層を施工用接着剤で加熱ローラ又はアイロンを用いて圧着して貼付けすることを特徴とするコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法を提供する。
このような構成としたので、2層構造のシートの歪み防止機能を備えることができ、道路橋等各種の鉄筋コンクリート構造物若しくはコンクリート構造物全般の補修、補強工事に関し、工事コストの低減及び工期を短縮すると共に、2層構造のシートによるコンクリート構造物への付着強度を高めた貼付け作業の効率及び耐久性を向上させる効果がある。さらに、該接着剤をガラス繊維体からカーボン繊維体まで充分に浸透させ、かつ、該接着剤層中の空気を追い出すことにより、均一に樹脂を含浸させることが可能となることにより、接着する強度を高めることができ、枚葉状の発明に係る2層構造のシートを多数並設して使用するときは、該シートの端部同志を衝当させてコンクリート構造物に貼付すると、表面の凹凸がなく、2層構造のシートのいわゆる浮きや膨れ現象を防止し、施工後の見栄えがよく、各種の接着剤で構成されると共に、コンクリート構造物への2層構造のシートを貼付けた後、該接着剤が容易に硬化するので補強層がより補強機能を果す効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態1を示す概要図である。
【図2】本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態1を示すものであって、裏糸無しの場合の具体的な2層構造のシートを示す図であり、(a)は斜視図、(b)は(a)の矢印A−A方向の断面図である。
【図3】本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態1を示すものであって、2層構造のシートの平面図である。
【図4】本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法に於ける実施の形態2を示すものであって、裏糸有りの場合の具体的な2層構造のシートを示す図であり、(a)は斜視図、(b)は(a)の矢印B−B方向の断面図である。
【図5】本発明に係るコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法について、シートの施工性と付着強度を試験した説明図であって、(a)は試料としての2層構造のシートの断面図、(b)は付着強さの試験データを示した図である。
【図6】従来の技術に於けるコンクリート構造物の補強方法を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 コンクリート製の床版
2 カーボン繊維強化プラスチック板
3 カーボン繊維強化プラスチック
4 カーボン繊維強化シート
5 橋脚
6 裏糸無しの2層構造のシート
61 裏糸有りの2層構造のシート
7 接着補助層
71 ガラス繊維体
8 補強層
81 カーボン繊維体
9 接着剤
10 コンクリート構造物
11 裏糸
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure, and more specifically, repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure with a sheet having a two-layer structure including a carbon fiber sheet and a glass fiber sheet or a nonwoven fabric woven into the carbon fiber sheet. Regarding the method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, road slabs and floor slabs or beams of buildings have become obsolete due to rust and fatigue of reinforcing bars, or due to the neutralization of concrete and the like, which has become a social problem. Thus, it has been necessary to repair or reinforce the road bridge and building floor slabs or beams. Therefore, as a conventional technique, an impregnation adhesive is applied in advance to a base, and, for example, a carbon fiber sheet is attached to a predetermined position. In this configuration, it is important to impregnate the base with the adhesive so that the carbon fiber sheet does not meander by using a dedicated impregnation device and prevents loosening or fluffing.
[0003]
As a specific example of the prior art, there is a method for reinforcing a concrete structure as shown in FIG. To explain this, carbon fiber reinforced plastic plates 2, 2, 2 arranged in parallel at equal intervals along the length direction of the floor slab 1 are bonded to the concrete lower surface of the concrete floor slab 1, The carbon fiber reinforced plastic plates 3, 3, 3 are also arranged at equal intervals in the width direction of the floor slab 1 so as to be orthogonal to the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plates 2, 2, 2 extending in the length direction of the floor slab 1. Yes. And the carbon fiber reinforced sheet | seat 4 was comprised with the combination of this carbon fiber reinforced plastic board 2, 2, 2, and 3, 3, and 3 and the floor slab 1 made from concrete was reinforced.
[0004]
Therefore, the repair or reinforcement method of the floor slab 1 with the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 is for the purpose of repairing the concrete peeling or dropping of the concrete structure or improving the load resistance. Impurities such as oil adhering to the lower surface of the slab are removed with an organic solvent or water, and the cracked portion of the lower surface of the floor slab 1 or the portion where the concrete is chipped is filled with mortar or resin, and the convex portion of the concrete is shaved and bonded. Smooth the surface with a sander. Next, an adhesive agent or resin that becomes a matrix of the carbon fiber reinforcing material is applied to the lower surface of the floor slab 1 with an application roller, and the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plates 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3 in the length direction and the width direction. Are disposed at a predetermined interval, a resin serving as a matrix is applied onto the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plates 2, 2, 2, and 3, 3, 3 and then defoaming rollers are applied to the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 Defoaming is performed simultaneously with resin impregnation using a dedicated impregnation device (not shown) and cured at room temperature. Thus, a so-called carbon fiber reinforced plastic sheet layer is formed on the concrete on the lower surface of the floor slab 1 to repair or reinforce the floor slab 1. And it was the repair / reinforcement method of the concrete structure which repeats these lamination | stacking operations and increases the number of lamination | stacking, ie, a reinforced fiber layer, according to the degree of repair and reinforcement. In the figure, reference numeral 5 denotes a pier that supports the floor slab 1.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has the following problems in the concrete structure repairing / reinforcing method described above.
That is, first, an impregnation adhesive is carefully applied in advance to a base such as a casing, and a carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 composed of a combination of the carbon fiber plastic plates 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, and 3 is attached to a predetermined position. The At this time, in order to prevent the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 from meandering and loosening using a dedicated impregnation device, and to prevent fluffing, the adhesive is carefully applied to the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4. It is necessary to impregnate. However, the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 itself has poor impregnation performance with resin or adhesive, which causes insufficient impregnation due to uneven application of the adhesive or the politeness of the impregnation work. The work was a long time including 4 pasting work, and the work efficiency was poor.
[0006]
In addition, even after the pasting operation is completed, the so-called floating or swelling phenomenon of the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 is caused, and the appearance after the completion of the operation is poor. In addition, the conventional technique is used to peel off a concrete structure or repair a dropped part. In addition, the effect of repairing and reinforcing the entire concrete structure is diminished in combination with a method limited to reinforcement for improving the load bearing capacity. In particular, when the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 is lifted or swollen, an operation of re-injecting an adhesive or resin into the carbon fiber reinforced sheet 4 is required, and the total work efficiency is extremely low and the work cost is greatly increased. There were various problems such as increase.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. When a carbon fiber sheet as a reinforcing layer is manufactured, a glass fiber sheet or a non-woven fabric as an adhesion auxiliary layer is knitted in advance, and two layers are provided. Construct a structural sheet, and paste the two-layered sheet on concrete structures such as road bridges and various buildings that are not limited to concrete peeling and dropping, improving the workability and certainty of sheet pasting work The object is to provide a method for repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure, which is composed of the following constitution and means.
[0008]
According to invention of Claim 1, it is a thin and flexible sheet | seat which repairs and reinforces a concrete structure, Comprising: Glass fiber as an adhesion auxiliary layer for adhere | attaching to this concrete structure, This glass fiber In a sheet having a two-layer structure comprising a carbon fiber body as a reinforcing layer that is knitted into the body with a weft and laminated on the upper surface of the adhesion auxiliary layer and integrally formed with an adhesive , An adhesive for construction having a backing yarn made of a glass fiber body provided in a part of the glass fiber body and knitted across the carbon fiber body as the reinforcing layer, and having the adhesion auxiliary layer on the surface of the concrete structure The method of repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure is characterized in that a heating roller or an iron is used for pressure bonding .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1
In describing the first embodiment of the method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure according to the present invention, first, a two-layered sheet according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0011]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a sheet having a two-layer structure, which includes an adhesion auxiliary layer 7 and a reinforcing layer 8 knitted into the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 or laminated on the upper surface. The fiber base material of the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 is mainly composed of glass fiber, and the other fiber base material is made of polyester fiber, non-woven fabric or other organic fiber. The fiber base material of the reinforcing layer 8 is mainly composed of carbon fibers, and other fiber base materials are polyester fibers, vinylon fibers, or aramid fibers. 9 is a resin or adhesive for affixing the two-layer structure sheet 6 to the concrete structure 10, and is an epoxy adhesive, methacrylic adhesive, urethane adhesive, silicone adhesive, rubber adhesive , Vinyl ester adhesives, polyester adhesives, polymer cement adhesives, acrylic adhesives or polyolefin adhesives.
[0012]
Next, the detailed structure and the like of the two-layer structure sheet 6 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2A and 2B show the structure of the sheet 6 having a two-layer structure without a back thread, where FIG. 2A is a perspective view and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a cross section in the direction of arrow AA in FIG.
[0013]
81 is, for example, a carbon fiber body as the reinforcing layer 8, and the carbon fiber body 81 is laminated for the purpose of increasing physical strength in order to prevent breakage of the two-layer structure sheet 6 of the concrete structure 10. The physical strength is such that when the glass fiber body 71 as the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 is laminated and integrated with the adhesive 9, when the concrete piece peels off, it can withstand the weight of the concrete piece and prevent falling. Ensure the strength of. Then, when the sheet 6 having the two-layer structure is applied to the concrete structure 10 and applied, the glass fiber body 71 is sufficiently impregnated with the adhesive 9 to be used. Prevent falling. Further, when a tensile stress level acts on the surface of the concrete structure 10, cracking is suppressed, or a shortage of reinforcing bars in the existing concrete structure 10 is compensated to ensure an improvement in load bearing capacity.
The thickness of the glass fiber body 71 is preferably 100 to 300 g / m 2 and designed to have a thickness t = 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
[0014]
Next, a procedure for forming the sheet 6 having a two-layer structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described.
First, the reinforcing layer 8 is preferably composed of one or more fiber base materials selected from woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and laminated fabrics. It is more desirable to use a multiaxial layer fabric in which yarns are crossed in a mesh pattern. The reason is that when the reinforcing layer 8 is on the upper surface of the glass fiber body 71 as the adhesion auxiliary layer 7, the construction adhesive 9 flows into the reinforcing layer 8 side. In addition, as the multiaxial layer fabric, for example, two or more yarns such as a triaxial mesh in which three yarns are used and an intersection is bonded, a structure in which vertical and horizontal fibers are bonded, or a biaxial orthogonal laminated fabric is used. A laminated fabric in which the intersections are bonded can be mentioned. In particular, a multiaxial laminated fabric of three or more axes has excellent strength against pulling from various directions such as diagonal directions as well as vertical and horizontal directions. As such a fiber base material, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, vinylon fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber or polyolefin fiber is preferable. These fibers may be blended, used separately for warp and weft, and may be laminated in multiple layers.
[0015]
2 (a) in the present invention uses a carbon fiber body 81 as the reinforcing layer 8. As shown in FIG. And the glass fiber body 71 as the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 is knitted from the lower side of the carbon fiber body 81, that is, the side to be bonded to the concrete structure 10, and the two are bonded. For example, when weaving carbon strands and glass fiber body 71, wefts are connected to each other with wefts. This state is shown in a cross-sectional view as viewed from the direction of the arrow AA in FIG. 2A, that is, FIG. In this way, the sheet 6 having a two-layer structure is completed by braiding. And the sheet | seat 6 of the said 2 layer structure is not restrict | limited to thickness and rigidity, as shown in FIG. 3, The thin film which is rich in a softness | flexibility, and a comparatively highly rigid plate-like thing are also contained.
[0016]
Next, when the sheet 6 having a two-layer structure based on the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) is attached to the concrete structure 10, that is, a method for repairing and reinforcing the concrete structure. Will be explained.
[0017]
The glass fiber body 71 of the sheet 6 having the above-described two-layer structure is integrated with the adhesive 9 and attached to the concrete structure 10 as shown in FIG. When the sheet 6 having a two-layer structure is attached, the flowability of the construction adhesive 9 is increased using a heating roller or an iron, and the sheet 6 is subjected to pressure bonding. By performing the construction in this manner, the adhesive 9 is sufficiently permeated from the glass fiber body 71 to the carbon fiber body 81 as shown in FIG. 5 (a), and the air in the adhesive 9 layer is expelled, The strength of bonding can be increased. In addition, when a large number of sheets 6 having a two-layer structure according to a sheet-like invention are used side by side, if the ends of the sheets 6 are abutted and applied to the concrete structure 10, there is no surface irregularity. The appearance after construction is good.
[0018]
Here, as the adhesive 9 for construction, an epoxy adhesive, a methacrylic adhesive, or the like as described above is selected. These adhesives 9 are curable adhesives because high adhesive strength is obtained. However, the adhesive 9 is preferably a normal temperature curable type, a heat curable type, a moisture curable type, an energy ray curable type such as an electron beam, an ultraviolet ray or a visible ray. Of course, two or more of these adhesives may be laminated.
[0019]
Second Embodiment of the Invention
A second embodiment of the method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure according to the present invention will be described. 4A and 4B show the structure of a sheet 61 having a two-layer structure with a back thread, where FIG. 4A is a perspective view and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrow BB in FIG. .
[0020]
61 is a sheet having a two-layer structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 11 denotes a knitted back yarn that is provided on a part of the glass fiber body 71 as the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 and crosses the carbon fiber body 81 of the reinforcing layer 8. The backing yarn 11 is made of, for example, a glass fiber body having a function of preventing the distortion of the sheet 61 having the two-layer structure. The back thread 11 can be formed of a vinylon fiber body, an aramid fiber body, a polyester fiber body, or the like. For example, as shown in FIG. is doing.
[0021]
It should be noted that the other components in the two-layer structure sheet 61 according to the second embodiment of the present invention are the two-layer structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). Since the configuration is the same as that of the sheet 6 in FIG. In addition, the procedure of the concrete structure repair and reinforcement method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
Next, the results of testing the workability and adhesion strength of the two-layered sheets 6 and 61 according to the present invention will be described.
[0023]
The sheets 6 and 61 having the two-layer structure were tested according to the following specifications. That is, the carbon fiber body 81 as the reinforcing layer 8 is a 20t type, 300 g / m 2 , and the glass fiber body 71 as the adhesion auxiliary layer 7 has a plain weave configuration with a basis weight of 108 g / m 2 , and is vertically 60 pieces / inch, The width is 57 lines / inch and the thickness is 0.1 mm. And as a test result, the data shown in FIG.5 (b) were obtained.
[0024]
Workability is good regardless of the presence or absence of the back thread 11, and as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the oozing of the adhesive 9 (undercoat 0.40 to 0.47 g / m 2 ) on the surface of the sheets 6 and 61 It was early. In the case of the normal carbon fiber body 81, a small amount of floating occurs due to the difference in the tension of the carbon strand, but in the case of the present sheets 6 and 61, the tendency was not observed. In the case of the present sheets 6 and 61, since the glass fiber body 71 exists on the back surface, it is easy to ensure linearity. In particular, those with anti-distortion glass fiber on the back (with back yarn) have higher linearity.
[0025]
Further, as a result of confirming the impregnation property of the adhesive 9 into the sheets 6 and 61, both the glass fiber body 71 and the carbon fiber body 81 are sufficiently impregnated. This is because the surface of the fiber of the glass fiber body 71 is treated with a surface active agent such as a wax or a silane coupling agent, which makes it easy to impregnate. The insulating carbon fiber sheet was good in impregnation, adhesion and upward workability.
As a result of the adhesion strength test, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), all showed sufficient adhesion strength, and the fracture shape was also the failure of the concrete base material.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
Since the concrete structure repairing / reinforcing method according to the present invention has the above-described configuration and process, it has the following effects.
[0027]
According to invention of Claim 1, it is a thin and flexible sheet | seat which repairs and reinforces a concrete structure, Comprising: Glass fiber as an adhesion auxiliary layer for adhere | attaching to this concrete structure, This glass fiber In a two-layered sheet comprising a carbon fiber body as a reinforcing layer that is knitted into the body with a weft and laminated on the upper surface of the adhesion auxiliary layer and integrally formed with an adhesive , An adhesive for construction having a backing yarn made of a glass fiber body provided in a part of the glass fiber body and knitted across the carbon fiber body as the reinforcing layer, and having the adhesion auxiliary layer on the surface of the concrete structure A method of repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure, characterized in that the method is applied by pressure bonding using a heating roller or an iron .
With this structure, it can be equipped with a two-layered sheet distortion prevention function, and it can reduce the construction cost and work time for repairing and reinforcing various reinforced concrete structures such as road bridges and concrete structures in general. In addition to shortening, there is an effect of improving the efficiency and durability of the pasting work in which the adhesion strength to the concrete structure by the sheet of the two-layer structure is increased . Furthermore, the adhesive strength can be uniformly impregnated by allowing the adhesive to sufficiently penetrate from the glass fiber body to the carbon fiber body and driving out the air in the adhesive layer. When a large number of sheets having a two-layer structure according to the sheet-fed invention are used in parallel, if the ends of the sheet are abutted against each other and applied to a concrete structure, the surface irregularities In addition, the so-called floating and swelling phenomenon of the two-layer structure sheet is prevented, the appearance after construction is good, and it is composed of various adhesives, and after the two-layer structure sheet is pasted on the concrete structure, Since the adhesive is easily cured, the reinforcing layer has an effect of performing a reinforcing function.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment in a concrete structure repairing / reinforcing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the concrete structure repairing / reinforcing method according to the present invention, and showing a sheet having a specific two-layer structure when there is no back thread; (A) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing of the arrow AA direction of (a).
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a sheet having a two-layer structure, showing Embodiment 1 in the method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the concrete structure repairing / reinforcing method according to the present invention and showing a sheet having a specific two-layer structure when there is a back thread; (A) is a perspective view, (b) is sectional drawing of the arrow BB direction of (a).
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the testability and adhesion strength of a sheet tested for a method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure according to the present invention, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer structure sheet as a sample; (B) is the figure which showed the test data of adhesion strength.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a method for reinforcing a concrete structure in the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete floor slab 2 Carbon fiber reinforced plastic board 3 Carbon fiber reinforced plastic 4 Carbon fiber reinforced sheet 5 Bridge pier 6 Two-layer structure sheet 61 without backing thread 7 Two-layer structure sheet with backing thread 7 Adhesion auxiliary layer 71 Glass Fiber body 8 Reinforcing layer 81 Carbon fiber body 9 Adhesive 10 Concrete structure 11 Back thread

Claims (1)

コンクリート構造物を補修・補強する薄くて柔軟性に富むシートであって、該コンクリート構造物に接着するための接着補助層としてのガラス繊維と、該ガラス繊維体に横糸で編み込まれると共に前記接着補助層の上面に積層されかつ接着剤で一体化形成される補強層としてのカーボン繊維体とでなる2層構造のシートに於いて、前記接着補助層としてのガラス繊維体の一部に設けかつ前記補強層としてのカーボン繊維体を横断して編み込んだガラス繊維体でなる裏糸を有し、前記コンクリート構造物の表面に前記接着補助層を施工用接着剤で加熱ローラ又はアイロンを用いて圧着して貼付けすることを特徴とするコンクリート構造物の補修・補強方法。A thin and flexible sheet for repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure, comprising a glass fiber as an adhesion auxiliary layer for adhering to the concrete structure, and the glass fiber body being knitted with weft and the adhesion assist In a sheet having a two-layer structure comprising a carbon fiber body as a reinforcing layer laminated on the upper surface of the layer and integrally formed with an adhesive, the sheet is provided on a part of the glass fiber body as the adhesion auxiliary layer , and It has a back yarn made of a glass fiber body woven across a carbon fiber body as a reinforcing layer, and the adhesion auxiliary layer is pressure-bonded to the surface of the concrete structure with a construction adhesive using a heating roller or an iron. A method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure, characterized by sticking.
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JP4704704B2 (en) * 2004-07-12 2011-06-22 前田工繊株式会社 Seismic reinforcement method
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