JP3775248B2 - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Heat pump water heater Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3775248B2
JP3775248B2 JP2001198150A JP2001198150A JP3775248B2 JP 3775248 B2 JP3775248 B2 JP 3775248B2 JP 2001198150 A JP2001198150 A JP 2001198150A JP 2001198150 A JP2001198150 A JP 2001198150A JP 3775248 B2 JP3775248 B2 JP 3775248B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
hot water
time
chasing
temperature
setting
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001198150A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003014294A (en
Inventor
竹司 渡辺
昌宏 尾浜
敏 今林
誠一 安木
吉継 西山
龍太 近藤
松本  聡
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はヒートポンプ利用給湯装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種のヒートポンプ利用給湯装置としては、例えば、特開2000−199645号公報に記載されているようなものがある。図9は前記公報に記載された従来のヒートポンプ利用給湯装置を示すものである。
【0003】
図9において、1は圧縮機、2は放熱器、3は減圧装置、4は蒸発器であり、圧縮機1、凝縮器2、減圧弁3、蒸発器4と連結して冷媒回路6を形成する。7は貯湯槽、8は循環ポンプ、21は残湯温度検知手段であり、貯湯槽7内部の水温を検出して所定温度を検知した時、圧縮機1を運転して追焚きする。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の構成では、追焚きの運転時間あるいは追焚き湯温が季節、時間、残湯量に関係なく行われる。従って、例えば、まだ少量の残湯があるにも関わらず深夜時刻帯の開始直前において、電気料金の高い昼間時間帯の料金で追焚きをすることになる。よって、無駄な昼間追焚き運転をしてランニングコストが高くなる。
【0005】
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、湯切れ防止と昼間時間帯の無駄な追焚き運転を極力少なくする低ランニングの給湯機を実現するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明のヒートポンプ給湯機は、圧縮機、放熱器、減圧装置、蒸発器を接続した冷媒回路と、下部の水を前記冷媒回路で加熱して上部から貯湯する貯湯槽、循環ポンプ、前記放熱器と熱交換関係を有する給湯熱交換器を接続した給湯回路と、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する運転指令手段と、昼間追焚き運転の条件を設 定する追焚き設定手段と、前記給湯熱交換器の出口湯温が設定湯温となるように給湯回路を流れる流量を制御する流量制御手段とを有し、昼間追焚き運転において、前記追焚き設定手段は運転時間の設定が可変であって、一日の時間帯に応じて追焚き時間をそれぞれ設定するようにしたものである。
【0007】
これによって、合理的なヒートポンプ給湯運転が実現でき、ランニングコストを低減できるものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のヒートポンプ給湯機は、圧縮機、放熱器、減圧装置、蒸発器を接続した冷媒回路と、下部の水を前記冷媒回路で加熱して上部から貯湯する貯湯槽、循環ポンプ、前記放熱器と熱交換関係を有する給湯熱交換器を接続した給湯回路と、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する運転指令手段と、昼間追焚き運転の条件を設定する追焚き設定手段と、前記給湯熱交換器の出口湯温が設定湯温となるように給湯回路を流れる流量を制御する流量制御手段とを有し、昼間追焚き運転において、前記追焚き設定手段は運転時間の設定が可変であって、一日の時間帯に応じて追焚き時間をそれぞれ設定するようにして、合理的なヒートポンプ給湯運転を実現した。
【0009】
追焚き設定手段で設定される運転時間は、例えば、一日のうちの朝方の時間帯には長く、深夜時刻帯に近い時間帯には短く、というようにする。
【0010】
また、圧縮機、放熱器、減圧装置、蒸発器を接続した冷媒回路と、下部の水を前記冷媒回路で加熱して上部から貯湯する貯湯槽、循環ポンプ、前記放熱器と熱交換関係を有する給湯熱交換器を接続した給湯回路と、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する運転指令手段と、昼間追焚き運転の条件を設定する追焚き設定手段と、前記給湯熱交換器の出口湯温が設定湯温となるように給湯回路を流れる流量を制御する流量制御手段とを有し、昼間追焚き運転において、前記追焚き設定手段は沸き上げ湯温の設定が可変であって、一日の時間帯に応じて沸き上げ湯温をそれぞれ設定するようにして、使用者の希望する湯温が確保できるようにした
【0011】
そして、外気温度に連係してこれら追焚きの時間或いは湯温の設定値を可変するようにしておけば、より一層実生活に適応した給湯が可能となる。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、従来例および各実施例において、同じ構成、同じ動作をするものについては同一符号を付し、一部説明を省略する。
【0013】
(実施例1)
図1は本発明の実施例1におけるヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図を示すものである。図1において、実線矢印は冷媒流れ方向を表わし、破線矢印は水の流れ方向を表わす。そして、1は圧縮機、2は放熱器、3は減圧装置、4は蒸発器であり、送風機5を用いて大気熱あるいは太陽熱を集熱する。そして、圧縮機1、放熱器2、減圧装置3、蒸発器4を順次接続して冷媒回路6を構成する。7は貯湯槽であり、貯湯槽7下部の水を冷媒回路6の放熱器2で加熱して上部から貯湯する。8は循環ポンプ、9は給湯熱交換器であり、放熱器2と熱交換関係を有する。貯湯槽7下部、循環ポンプ8、給湯熱交換器9、貯湯槽7上部を順次接続して給湯回路10を構成する。11は運転指令手段であり、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する。12は追焚き設定手段であり、昼間追焚き運転時間あるいは沸き上げ湯温を設定する。13は湯温検出手段であり、給湯熱交換器9の出口湯温を検出する。14は流量制御手段であり、湯温検出手段13の検出信号が追焚き設定手段12の設定温度の信号と一致するように循環ポンプ8の回転数を可変して給湯回路10を流れる循環流量を制御する。15は運転制御手段であり、運転指令手段11の信号を検出して追焚き設定手段12の信号に基づき運転をおこなう。
【0014】
以上のように構成されたヒートポンプ給湯機について、以下その動作、作用を説明する。図1において、最初に、貯湯槽7に給水された水を沸き上げる運転について述べる。この場合、圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒は放熱器2に流入し、ここで循環ポンプ8から送られてきた水を加熱する。そして、減圧装置3で減圧されて蒸発器4に流入する。そして、大気熱を吸熱して蒸発ガス化し、圧縮機1にもどる。一方、貯湯槽7の下部から流出した水は循環ポンプ8を介して給湯熱交換器9に流入し、放熱器2を介して設定温度となるように昇温して貯湯槽7の上部にたくわえられる。ここで、給湯熱交換器9の出口湯温を湯温検出手段13が検知して、設定温度となるように湯温検出手段13の検出信号と比較しながら流量制御手段14が給湯回路の循環流量を制御する。そして、この運転を継続しながら、貯湯槽7の上部から貯湯する。そして、貯湯槽7から出湯すると貯湯槽7下部に給水する水圧で貯湯槽7上部から出湯する。そのため、貯湯槽7上部に高温湯が貯湯される。そして、高温湯が少なくなると圧縮機1を運転して追焚き運転を設定時間おこない、再度、貯湯槽7上部から設定温度の湯を貯湯して貯湯量を増やす。
【0015】
従って、夕方頃の大量に出湯する時間帯には追焚き運転時間を長くして追焚き湯量を多くして湯切れ頻度を少なくする。また、浴槽への高温差し湯が必要となる場合には沸き上げ温度を高温にして追焚き運転する。また、電気料金の安価な深夜時刻帯(深夜11時から翌朝7時まで)直前に追焚き運転の指令を検出した場合には、追焚き運転時間を短くして必要最小限の追焚き湯量を確保し、安価な深夜時刻帯に運転をシフトして低ランニングコストを実現する。
【0016】
そして、運転指令手段11を手動スイッチでおこない、追焚き設定手段12をユーザーが手動設定することによって、来客などで緊急に湯が必要となった場合でも追焚き運転できる。
【0017】
また、図2のように、流量制御手段14は給湯回路10に流量制御弁16を備えて弁開度を可変し、循環流量を制御しても設定温度の湯を貯湯することができ、同様の効果が得られる。但し、この場合には、循環ポンプの定格循環流量から弁最小絞りまで流量変化幅は大きくなる利点がある。しかし、低流量時も定格消費電力を費やすため、消費電力量が大きくなる課題がある。
【0018】
そして、本発明のヒートポンプの代わりに電気ヒーターを用いた電気温水器でも同様の効果がある。
【0019】
(実施例2)
図3は本発明の実施例2のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図3において、17はクロックであり、時刻を計時する。18は追焚き設定手段であり、クロック17の信号を検出して追焚き運転時間あるいは沸き上げ湯温を設定する。
【0020】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。クロック17が朝の時間帯を示す場合には、追焚き運転時間を長く設定する。そして、昼から夕方の時間帯を示す場合には、追焚き運転時間を朝より短縮して設定する。さらに、夕方から深夜時刻帯開始までの時間帯を示す場合には、追焚き運転時間を昼より短縮して設定する。そして、朝から昼の時間帯に少量の湯しか使われない場合は、追焚き時間を長くしても短時間で貯湯槽の容量全体に貯湯する。一方、朝から夕方の時間帯に多量の湯が使われる場合は、追焚き時間を長くして、あるいは沸き上げ湯温を高くして、夕方に多量に使われる湯量、負荷に対応する。また、深夜時刻帯の開始に近い時間帯の追焚き運転は、追焚き時間を短くして無駄な追焚きを少なくする。次に、深夜時刻帯開始に近い時間帯、例えば22時頃に多量の湯を使う場合には、朝から夕方の時間帯の追焚き運転を短時間あるいは中止するように設定し、夕方からの追焚き運転を長くして22時頃に多量の湯を貯湯するように設定する。この場合には、貯湯槽からの放熱ロスを低減する効果がある。
【0021】
また、1日の給湯の使われ方は家庭によって異なるため、個々の家庭で1日のうちで最も給湯量が多い時間帯に追焚き時間を長くするように設定することによって、湯切れを防止することができる。
【0022】
そして、クロックを利用して予め設定された時刻に運転指令手段に発信して予約時刻に追焚き運転を開始する利用法も可能である。
【0023】
(実施例3)
図4は本発明の実施例3のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図4において、19は外気温度検出手段であり、外気温度を検出する。20は追焚き設定手段であり、運転指令手段11の信号を検出して外気温度検出手段19の信号を検出し、昼間追焚き運転時間あるいは沸き上げ湯温を設定する。
【0024】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。運転指令手段11の信号を検出して追焚き運転を開始する。その際に、追焚き設定手段20が同時に外気温度を検出して外気温度が高い場合には、ヒートポンプ加熱能力が大きく給湯負荷が小さいため追焚き運転時間を短く、あるいは深夜時間帯の沸き上げ湯温より低めに設定する。逆に、外気温度が低い場合には、ヒートポンプ加熱能力が小さく給湯負荷が大きいため追焚き運転時間を長く、あるいは深夜時間帯の沸き上げ湯温より高めに設定する。そして、運転制御手段15が追焚き設定手段20の設定値に基づき追焚き運転をおこなう。従って、季節に応じて昼間追焚き運転の条件である運転時間、湯量、湯温を設定して湯切れ防止と低ランニングコストを実現する。
【0025】
そして、浴槽への湯張り出湯など時刻と出湯量が予め決められている場合には、決められた時刻に決められた湯量を貯湯するため、クロックを用いて運転指令手段へ送信する時刻を予約し、湯張り出湯時刻までの所要時刻を演算して、能力制御型圧縮機を用いれば、外気温度を検出してヒートポンプ加熱能力と所要運転時間から高効率運転をおこなうこともできる。
【0026】
(実施例4)
図5は本発明の実施例4のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図5において、21は複数の残湯温度検出手段であり、貯湯槽7の上部から下部までの残湯温度を検出する。22は運転指令手段であり、設定された位置(湯量)の残湯温度検出手段21の検出信号が所定温度の信号に達した場合に昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する。23は残湯量設定手段であり、クロック17の信号を検出して運転指令手段22に運転指令を発信する残湯温度検出手段21を選定する。
【0027】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。昼間時間帯において、残湯量設定手段23がクロック17の信号を検出して時刻を判定する。そして、朝方の時刻の場合には、貯湯槽7の下部に設けた残湯温度検出手段21の信号で追焚き運転指令を発信する。その後、時間経過とともに追焚き運転指令を発信する残湯温度検出手段21を貯湯槽7上部側へ切換える。従って、朝方に貯湯槽7から少量出湯した場合に、直ぐに追焚き運転して貯湯量を確保する。そして、夕方から深夜時刻帯に近づくと貯湯槽6の残湯量がかなり少なくならないと追焚き運転を開始しない。よって、時刻と残湯量を自動的に検出して自動追焚き運転をして湯量を確保しながら無駄な追焚き運転を防止する。
【0028】
そして、1日の給湯負荷あるいは長期の給湯負荷を学習制御して、時間経過とともに追焚き運転指令を発信する残湯温度検出手段21を貯湯槽7下部側から上部側へ切換えることによって、昼間追焚き運転が入らないようにすることができる。
【0029】
(実施例5)
図6は本発明の実施例5のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図6において、24は残湯量設定手段であり、運転指令手段22に昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する残湯温度検出手段21を任意に設定する。25は追焚き設定手段であり、残湯量設定手段24に基づき昼間追焚き運転時間あるいは沸き上げ湯温を設定する。
【0030】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。日常よりも湯の使用量が少ない日、すなわち残湯量が多い場合には、追焚き運転を指令する残湯温度検出手段21を貯湯槽7の上部側へ切換えて追焚き運転を実行されないようにする。あるいは追焚き運転時間を短くする。逆に、日常よりも湯の使用量が多い場合には、昼間追焚き運転時間を長くして連続運転による高効率化を実現する。従って、残湯量に応じて昼間追焚き運転回数および昼間追焚き運転時間あるいは沸き上げ湯温を変えて、低ランニングコストを実現する。
【0031】
(実施例6)
図7は本発明の実施例6のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図7において、26は出湯検出手段であり、貯湯槽7から浴槽27への出湯を検出する流量センサーである。28は追焚き設定手段であり、出湯検出手段26の信号を検出して昼間追焚き運転時間を短く設定する。
【0032】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。貯湯槽7から浴槽27への出湯を流量センサー26が検出する。そして、流量センサー26の信号を検出して追焚き設定手段28が追焚き運転時間を短く設定する。その後、追焚き指令手段11の信号で短時間の追焚き運転を開始する。従って、多量に出湯する浴槽27への湯張りを終了した後は、少出湯量の使い方が多いため、追焚き量も少なくてよい。例えば、1人で使うシャワー湯量分を1回の追焚き量とすることもできる。よって、無駄な追焚き運転を防止することができる。
【0033】
また、浴槽27への出湯検出を流量センサー26の代わりに、浴槽湯張りスイッチの信号でおこなっても同様の効果がある。
【0034】
(実施例7)
図8は本発明の実施例7のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図である。図8において、29は残湯温度検出手段であり、貯湯槽の所定湯量の位置に設け、残湯温度を検出する。そして、必要最小限の貯湯量を表わす。30は制御手段であり、運転指令手段22の信号を検出してもクロック17が所定時刻帯の信号を発信し、かつ残湯温度検出手段29が所定温度の信号を発信する場合には追焚き運転を開始しない制御をおこなう。そして、所定時刻帯の範囲外に達した時に追焚き運転を開始する。
【0035】
以上の構成において、その動作、作用について説明する。残湯温度検出手段21の信号で追焚きの運転指令が発信される。そして、クロック17が深夜時刻帯の開始直前の時刻を発信し、かつ所定残湯量の位置に設けた残湯温度検出手段29の検出信号が所定温度以上の場合には追焚き運転を実行しないように制御手段29が制御する。そして、深夜時刻帯になると深夜電力利用の運転を開始して貯湯槽内の水を沸き上げる。よって、残湯量と時刻から無駄な追焚き運転を防止する。
【0036】
次に、全国的に電力使用量の多い夏季の昼間時間帯において、追焚きの運転指令が発信された場合、かつ所定残湯量の位置に設けた残湯温度検出手段29の検出信号が所定温度以上の場合には追焚き運転を実行しない。そして、所定時刻帯を過ぎてから追焚き運転を開始する。この場合には、ヒートポンプの加熱能力が大きいため、短時間で追焚きが完了する。
【0037】
なお本各実施例において使用する冷媒としてはCO2冷媒、HFC冷媒等種々のものが利用できる。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、湯切れ防止と昼間時間帯の無駄な追焚き運転を極力少なくする低ランニングコストのヒートポンプ給湯機を実現するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施例1のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図2】 本発明の実施例1の他のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図3】 本発明の実施例2のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図4】 本発明の実施例3のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図5】 本発明の実施例4のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図6】 本発明の実施例5のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図7】 本発明の実施例6のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図8】 本発明の実施例7のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【図9】 従来のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図
【符号の説明】
1 圧縮機
2 放熱器
3 減圧装置
4 蒸発器
5 送風機
6 冷媒回路
7 貯湯槽
8 循環ポンプ
9 給湯熱交換器
10 給湯回路
11 運転指令手段
12、18、20 追焚き設定手段
13 湯温検出手段
14 流量制御手段
15 運転制御手段
16 流量制御弁
17 クロック
19 外気温度検出手段
21、29 残湯温度検出手段
22 運転指令手段
23、24 残湯量設定手段
25、28 追焚き設定手段
26 出湯検出手段
27 浴槽
30 制御手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat pump hot water supply apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of heat pump hot water supply apparatus, there is one described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-199645. FIG. 9 shows a conventional heat pump hot water supply apparatus described in the publication.
[0003]
In FIG. 9, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a radiator, 3 is a pressure reducing device, 4 is an evaporator, and is connected to the compressor 1, the condenser 2, the pressure reducing valve 3, and the evaporator 4 to form a refrigerant circuit 6. To do. 7 is a hot water storage tank, 8 is a circulation pump, and 21 is a remaining hot water temperature detection means. When the water temperature inside the hot water storage tank 7 is detected and a predetermined temperature is detected, the compressor 1 is operated to follow up.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional configuration, the reheating operation time or the reheating water temperature is performed regardless of the season, time, and amount of remaining hot water. Therefore, for example, even if there is still a small amount of remaining hot water, just before the start of the late-night time zone, it will be chased with a charge during the daytime hours when the electricity rate is high. Therefore, the running cost increases due to the useless driving in the daytime.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and realizes a low running water heater that prevents hot water outage and minimizes unnecessary chasing operation during daytime hours.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump water heater of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit to which a compressor, a radiator, a decompression device, and an evaporator are connected, and water in the lower part is heated by the refrigerant circuit to store hot water from above. hot water tank, a circulation pump, the radiator and the hot water supply circuit connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger having a heat exchange relationship, setting the operation command means, the condition of daytime reheating operation for transmitting a command for reheating operation day to Reheating setting means, and flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate flowing through the hot water supply circuit so that the outlet hot water temperature of the hot water supply heat exchanger becomes a set hot water temperature. The means is such that the setting of the operation time is variable and the chasing time is set according to the time zone of the day.
[0007]
Thereby, a rational heat pump hot water supply operation can be realized, and the running cost can be reduced.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The heat pump water heater of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit connected with a compressor, a radiator, a decompression device, and an evaporator, a hot water storage tank that heats water in the lower part by the refrigerant circuit, and stores hot water from the upper part, a circulation pump, and the radiator A hot water supply circuit connected to a hot water supply heat exchanger having a heat exchange relationship, an operation command means for transmitting a daytime chasing operation command, a chasing setting means for setting conditions for daytime chasing operation, and the hot water heat exchange Flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate through the hot water supply circuit so that the outlet hot water temperature of the water heater becomes the set hot water temperature, and in the daytime chasing operation, the chasing setting means has a variable operation time setting. A reasonable heat pump hot water supply operation has been realized by setting the renewal time according to the time of day.
[0009]
The driving time set by the tracking setting means is, for example, long in the morning time zone of the day and short in the time zone close to the midnight time zone.
[0010]
In addition, a refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and an evaporator, a hot water tank that heats water in the lower part by the refrigerant circuit, and stores hot water from above, a circulation pump, and a heat exchange relationship with the radiator A hot water supply circuit to which a hot water supply heat exchanger is connected, operation command means for transmitting a daytime reheating operation command, reheating setting means for setting conditions for daytime reheating operation, and the outlet hot water temperature of the hot water heat exchanger are Flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate through the hot water supply circuit so that the set hot water temperature is reached, and in the daytime chasing operation, the chasing setting means has a variable setting of the boiling hot water temperature. The boiling water temperature is set according to the time zone so that the user can secure the desired hot water temperature .
[0011]
If the setting time of the reheating time or the hot water temperature is varied in association with the outside air temperature, the hot water supply adapted to the real life can be achieved.
[0012]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in a prior art example and each Example, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about what has the same structure and the same operation | movement, and description is partially abbreviate | omitted.
[0013]
Example 1
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the solid line arrow represents the refrigerant flow direction, and the broken line arrow represents the water flow direction. 1 is a compressor, 2 is a radiator, 3 is a decompressor, 4 is an evaporator, and collects atmospheric heat or solar heat using a blower 5. Then, the refrigerant circuit 6 is configured by sequentially connecting the compressor 1, the radiator 2, the decompressor 3, and the evaporator 4. Reference numeral 7 denotes a hot water storage tank, in which water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7 is heated by the radiator 2 of the refrigerant circuit 6 to store hot water from above. 8 is a circulation pump, 9 is a hot water supply heat exchanger, and has a heat exchange relationship with the radiator 2. A hot water supply circuit 10 is configured by sequentially connecting the lower part of the hot water tank 7, the circulation pump 8, the hot water supply heat exchanger 9, and the upper part of the hot water tank 7. Reference numeral 11 denotes an operation command means for transmitting a daytime chasing operation command. Reference numeral 12 denotes a reheating setting unit, which sets a daytime reheating operation time or a boiling water temperature. Reference numeral 13 denotes hot water temperature detecting means for detecting the hot water temperature at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 9. Reference numeral 14 denotes a flow rate control means, and the circulation flow rate flowing through the hot water supply circuit 10 with the number of revolutions of the circulation pump 8 varied so that the detection signal of the hot water temperature detection means 13 coincides with the set temperature signal of the tracking setting means 12. Control. Reference numeral 15 denotes an operation control means for detecting the signal from the operation command means 11 and performing the operation based on the signal from the tracking setting means 12.
[0014]
About the heat pump water heater comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below. In FIG. 1, first, an operation of boiling water supplied to the hot water tank 7 will be described. In this case, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the radiator 2 and heats the water sent from the circulation pump 8 here. Then, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducing device 3 and flows into the evaporator 4. Then, it absorbs atmospheric heat to evaporate and returns to the compressor 1. On the other hand, the water flowing out from the lower part of the hot water tank 7 flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 9 via the circulation pump 8, and is heated up to the set temperature via the radiator 2 and stored in the upper part of the hot water tank 7. It is done. Here, the hot water temperature detecting means 13 detects the outlet hot water temperature of the hot water heat exchanger 9, and the flow rate control means 14 circulates in the hot water supply circuit while comparing it with the detection signal of the hot water temperature detecting means 13 so as to reach the set temperature. Control the flow rate. And hot water is stored from the upper part of the hot water tank 7 while continuing this operation. When the hot water is discharged from the hot water tank 7, the hot water is discharged from the upper part of the hot water tank 7 with the water pressure supplied to the lower part of the hot water tank 7. Therefore, hot water is stored in the upper part of the hot water tank 7. When the amount of hot water is reduced, the compressor 1 is operated to perform a chasing operation for a set time, and hot water having a set temperature is stored again from the upper part of the hot water tank 7 to increase the amount of stored hot water.
[0015]
Therefore, during the evening when there is a large amount of hot water, the reheating operation time is lengthened to increase the amount of reheating water and reduce the frequency of hot water outage. In addition, when a hot water supply to the bathtub is required, the boiling temperature is raised and the reheating operation is performed. In addition, if an instruction for reheating operation is detected immediately before the low-cost time of the electricity bill (from 11:00 to 7:00 the next morning), the renewal operation time is shortened and the minimum amount of renewal hot water is reduced. To ensure low running costs by shifting to low-cost nighttime driving.
[0016]
Then, when the operation command means 11 is performed with a manual switch and the chasing setting means 12 is manually set by the user, chasing operation can be performed even when hot water is urgently needed by a visitor or the like.
[0017]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow rate control means 14 is provided with a flow rate control valve 16 in the hot water supply circuit 10 so that the valve opening degree can be varied, and hot water having a set temperature can be stored even if the circulating flow rate is controlled. The effect is obtained. However, in this case, there is an advantage that the flow rate change width increases from the rated circulation flow rate of the circulation pump to the minimum valve throttle. However, since the rated power consumption is consumed even at a low flow rate, there is a problem that the power consumption becomes large.
[0018]
An electric water heater using an electric heater instead of the heat pump of the present invention has the same effect.
[0019]
(Example 2)
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 17 denotes a clock, which measures time. A reheating setting unit 18 detects a signal of the clock 17 and sets a reheating operation time or a boiling water temperature.
[0020]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. When the clock 17 indicates the morning time zone, the chasing operation time is set longer. And when showing the time slot | zone from noon to the evening, the chasing driving time is set shorter than the morning. Furthermore, when the time zone from the evening to the start of the midnight time zone is indicated, the chasing operation time is set shorter than the daytime. If only a small amount of hot water is used during the morning and noon hours, hot water is stored in the entire capacity of the hot water tank in a short time even if the reheating time is extended. On the other hand, when a large amount of hot water is used from morning to evening, the reheating time is increased or the boiling water temperature is increased to cope with the amount of hot water and load used in the evening. In addition, the chasing operation in a time zone close to the start of the midnight time zone shortens the chasing time and reduces unnecessary chasing. Next, when using a large amount of hot water at a time close to the start of the midnight time zone, for example, around 22:00, set the chasing operation in the morning to evening time zone for a short time or to cancel it. The chasing operation is lengthened and set to store a large amount of hot water around 22:00. In this case, there is an effect of reducing a heat dissipation loss from the hot water tank.
[0021]
In addition, since daily hot water usage varies from household to household, it is possible to prevent hot water shortages by setting a longer renewal time during the hot water supply period of the day in each household. can do.
[0022]
A use method is also possible in which a clock is transmitted to the operation command means at a preset time and a chasing operation is started at a reserved time.
[0023]
Example 3
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 19 denotes an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the outside air temperature. A reheating setting unit 20 detects a signal from the operation command unit 11 to detect a signal from the outside air temperature detection unit 19 and sets a daytime reheating operation time or a boiling water temperature.
[0024]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. The signal of the operation command means 11 is detected and the chasing operation is started. At that time, if the reheating setting means 20 detects the outside air temperature at the same time and the outside air temperature is high, the heat pump heating capacity is large and the hot water supply load is small, so that the reheating operation time is shortened or the boiling water is heated at midnight. Set lower than the temperature. On the contrary, when the outside air temperature is low, the heat pump heating capacity is small and the hot water supply load is large, so that the reheating operation time is set longer or higher than the boiling water temperature in the midnight time zone. Then, the operation control unit 15 performs the chasing operation based on the set value of the chasing setting unit 20. Accordingly, the operating time, amount of hot water, and hot water temperature, which are conditions for daytime chasing operation, are set according to the season, thereby preventing hot water shortage and low running cost.
[0025]
And if the time and amount of hot water to be poured are pre-determined, such as the hot water supply to the bathtub, in order to store the hot water determined at the predetermined time, reserve the time to send to the operation command means using the clock However, if the required time until the hot water pouring time is calculated and the capacity control type compressor is used, it is possible to detect the outside air temperature and perform the high efficiency operation from the heat pump heating capacity and the required operation time.
[0026]
(Example 4)
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 21 denotes a plurality of remaining hot water temperature detecting means for detecting the remaining hot water temperature from the upper part to the lower part of the hot water tank 7. Reference numeral 22 denotes an operation command means, which issues a daytime chasing operation command when the detection signal of the remaining hot water temperature detection means 21 at a set position (hot water volume) reaches a signal of a predetermined temperature. A remaining hot water amount setting means 23 selects the remaining hot water temperature detecting means 21 that detects the signal of the clock 17 and transmits an operation command to the operation command means 22.
[0027]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. In the daytime period, the remaining hot water amount setting means 23 detects the signal of the clock 17 to determine the time. In case of the morning time, a chasing operation command is transmitted by a signal from the remaining hot water temperature detecting means 21 provided in the lower part of the hot water tank 7. Then, the remaining hot water temperature detection means 21 which transmits a chasing operation command is switched to the upper part of the hot water tank 7 with time. Therefore, when a small amount of hot water is discharged from the hot water storage tank 7 in the morning, the hot water is immediately operated to ensure the amount of hot water stored. Then, when approaching the midnight time zone from the evening, the chasing operation is not started unless the remaining hot water amount in the hot water tank 6 is considerably reduced. Therefore, the time and the remaining hot water amount are automatically detected and the automatic renewal operation is performed to prevent the unnecessary renewal operation while ensuring the hot water amount.
[0028]
Then, the hot water supply load for one day or the long-term hot water supply load is learned and controlled, and the remaining hot water temperature detecting means 21 that transmits a reheating operation command with the passage of time is switched from the lower side of the hot water tank 7 to the upper side, thereby allowing additional daytime. It is possible to prevent whispering operation.
[0029]
(Example 5)
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 24 denotes a remaining hot water amount setting means, which arbitrarily sets the remaining hot water temperature detection means 21 that transmits a daytime chasing operation command to the operation command means 22. Reference numeral 25 denotes reheating setting means, which sets the daytime reheating operation time or the boiling water temperature based on the remaining hot water amount setting means 24.
[0030]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. On a day when the amount of hot water used is less than that of daily life, that is, when the amount of remaining hot water is large, the remaining hot water temperature detection means 21 that commands the reheating operation is switched to the upper side of the hot water tank 7 so that the reheating operation is not executed. To do. Or shorten the driving time. On the contrary, when the amount of hot water used is larger than that of daily life, the daytime chasing operation time is lengthened to achieve high efficiency by continuous operation. Therefore, low running costs are realized by changing the number of daytime chasing operations and the daytime chasing operation time or boiling water temperature according to the amount of remaining hot water.
[0031]
(Example 6)
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 26 denotes a hot water detection means, which is a flow rate sensor for detecting the hot water from the hot water storage tank 7 to the bathtub 27. 28 is a chasing setting means, which detects a signal from the hot water detection means 26 and sets the daytime chasing operation time short.
[0032]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. The flow sensor 26 detects the hot water discharged from the hot water tank 7 to the bathtub 27. Then, the signal of the flow sensor 26 is detected, and the tracking setting means 28 sets the tracking operation time short. Thereafter, the chasing operation for a short time is started by the signal of the chasing command means 11. Therefore, after the filling of the hot water to the bathtub 27 where a large amount of hot water is discharged, the amount of extra hot water used is small, so the amount of reheating may be small. For example, the amount of hot water used by one person can be set as the amount of chase once. Therefore, useless chasing operation can be prevented.
[0033]
Further, the same effect can be obtained even when the hot water detection to the bathtub 27 is detected by a signal from the bathtub hot water switch instead of the flow sensor 26.
[0034]
(Example 7)
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, 29 is a remaining hot water temperature detecting means, which is provided at a position of a predetermined amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank, and detects the remaining hot water temperature. And the minimum required hot water storage amount is represented. Reference numeral 30 is a control means, and when the signal of the operation command means 22 is detected, the clock 17 transmits a signal of a predetermined time zone and the remaining hot water temperature detection means 29 transmits a signal of a predetermined temperature. Perform control that does not start operation. The chasing operation is started when the time reaches a range outside the predetermined time zone.
[0035]
The operation and action of the above configuration will be described. A chasing operation command is transmitted by a signal from the remaining hot water temperature detecting means 21. Then, when the clock 17 transmits the time immediately before the start of the midnight time zone and the detection signal of the remaining hot water temperature detecting means 29 provided at the position of the predetermined remaining hot water amount is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the chasing operation is not performed. Control means 29 controls. Then, at the midnight time zone, operation using midnight power is started to boil the water in the hot water tank. Therefore, useless chasing operation is prevented from the remaining hot water amount and time.
[0036]
Next, in the daytime time zone in summer when there is a large amount of power consumption nationwide, when a reheating operation command is transmitted, and the detection signal of the remaining hot water temperature detection means 29 provided at the position of the predetermined remaining hot water amount is a predetermined temperature. In the above case, the chasing operation is not executed. The chasing operation is started after the predetermined time zone. In this case, since the heating capability of the heat pump is large, the chasing is completed in a short time.
[0037]
Various refrigerants such as a CO2 refrigerant and an HFC refrigerant can be used as the refrigerant used in each of the embodiments.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a heat pump water heater with a low running cost that minimizes hot water prevention and wasteful chasing operation during daytime hours.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of another heat pump water heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a heat pump water heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a heat pump water heater of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a heat pump water heater of Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a heat pump water heater of Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a heat pump water heater according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a heat pump water heater according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a conventional heat pump water heater. [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Radiator 3 Pressure reducing device 4 Evaporator 5 Blower 6 Refrigerant circuit 7 Hot water storage tank 8 Circulation pump 9 Hot water supply heat exchanger 10 Hot water supply circuit 11 Operation command means 12, 18, 20 Reheating setting means 13 Hot water temperature detection means 14 Flow control means 15 Operation control means 16 Flow control valve 17 Clock 19 Outside air temperature detection means 21, 29 Remaining hot water temperature detection means 22 Operation command means 23, 24 Remaining hot water amount setting means 25, 28 Reheating hot water setting means 26 Hot water detection means 27 Bathtub 30 Control means

Claims (4)

圧縮機、放熱器、減圧装置、蒸発器を接続した冷媒回路と、下部の水を前記冷媒回路で加熱して上部から貯湯する貯湯槽、循環ポンプ、前記放熱器と熱交換関係を有する給湯熱交換器を接続した給湯回路と、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する運転指令手段と、昼間追焚き運転の条件を設定する追焚き設定手段と、前記給湯熱交換器の出口湯温が設定湯温となるように給湯回路を流れる流量を制御する流量制御手段とを有し、昼間追焚き運転において、前記追焚き設定手段は運転時間の設定が可変であって、一日の時間帯に応じて追焚き時間をそれぞれ設定するようにしたヒートポンプ給湯機。A refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and an evaporator; a hot water tank that heats water in the lower part by the refrigerant circuit to store hot water from the upper part; a circulation pump; and hot water supply heat having a heat exchange relationship with the radiator A hot water supply circuit connected to the exchanger, an operation command means for transmitting a daytime chasing operation command, an additional heat setting means for setting conditions for daytime chasing operation, and the outlet hot water temperature of the hot water heat exchanger A flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate through the hot water supply circuit so as to reach a temperature, and in the daytime chasing operation, the chasing setting means has a variable setting of the operation time, and corresponds to the time zone of the day. A heat pump water heater that sets each reheating time . 一日のうちの朝方の時間帯には追焚き時間を長く、深夜時刻帯に近い時間帯には追焚き時間を短く設定した請求項1記載のヒートポンプ給湯機。The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the chasing time is set longer in the morning time of the day, and the chasing time is set shorter in the time close to midnight. 圧縮機、放熱器、減圧装置、蒸発器を接続した冷媒回路と、下部の水を前記冷媒回路で加熱して上部から貯湯する貯湯槽、循環ポンプ、前記放熱器と熱交換関係を有する給湯熱交換器を接続した給湯回路と、昼間追焚き運転の指令を発信する運転指令手段と、昼間追焚き運転の条件を設定する追焚き設定手段と、前記給湯熱交換器の出口湯温が設定湯温となるように給湯回路を流れる流量を制御する流量制御手段とを有し、昼間追焚き運転において、前記追焚き設定手段は沸き上げ湯温の設定が可変であって、一日の時間帯に応じて沸き上げ湯温をそれぞれ設定するようにしたヒートポンプ給湯機。 A refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and an evaporator; a hot water tank that heats water in the lower part by the refrigerant circuit to store hot water from the upper part; a circulation pump; and hot water supply heat having a heat exchange relationship with the radiator A hot water supply circuit connected to the exchanger, an operation command means for transmitting a daytime chasing operation command, an additional heat setting means for setting conditions for daytime chasing operation, and the outlet hot water temperature of the hot water heat exchanger Flow rate control means for controlling the flow rate through the hot water supply circuit so as to reach a temperature, and in the daytime chasing operation, the chasing setting means has a variable setting of the boiling water temperature, and the time zone of the day Heat pump water heater that sets boiling water temperature according to each . 外気温度に連係して追焚き設定の設定値を可変するようにした請求項1〜3いずれか1記載のヒートポンプ給湯機。 The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the setting value of the reheating setting is varied in association with the outside air temperature .
JP2001198150A 2001-06-29 2001-06-29 Heat pump water heater Expired - Fee Related JP3775248B2 (en)

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