JP3765837B2 - Process for producing aromatic amides - Google Patents

Process for producing aromatic amides Download PDF

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JP3765837B2
JP3765837B2 JP25059893A JP25059893A JP3765837B2 JP 3765837 B2 JP3765837 B2 JP 3765837B2 JP 25059893 A JP25059893 A JP 25059893A JP 25059893 A JP25059893 A JP 25059893A JP 3765837 B2 JP3765837 B2 JP 3765837B2
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reaction
formula
acid
dichloro
acid chloride
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JPH06279380A (en
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寛 高峯
佳則 中山
資雄 間
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority to JP25059893A priority Critical patent/JP3765837B2/en
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Priority to US08/182,460 priority patent/US5442114A/en
Priority to DE69404486T priority patent/DE69404486T3/en
Priority to EP94101285A priority patent/EP0608896B2/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C231/00Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C231/02Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、カラー写真薬シアンカプラーとして用いられる芳香族アミド類の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
カラー写真薬シアンカプラーとして使用される芳香族アミド類の製造法としては、O−アミノフェノール類を酢酸中で、酢酸ソーダの存在下、酸クロリド類と縮合反応させる方法(特開昭62-73258号公報) あるいはo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩をアセトン溶媒中、キノリンの存在下に酸クロリド類と反応させる方法(米国特許公報第2801171号公報)が知られている。
【0003】
しかながらこれらの方法では、縮合アミド化反応に酢酸のような酸性の溶媒やキノリンと言った汎用性の比較的低い試剤が必要とされ、尚かつ得られる芳香族アミド類の収率が十分なものではないと言う問題点があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
高品質の写真薬カプラーを工業的に有利に得るための方法について検討した結果、本発明者らは、酢酸やキノリンと言った試剤を用いることなく中性の有機溶媒を用いて硫黄分の含量(カルボン酸クロリド重量基準)が0.8%以下のカルボン酸クロリドをo−フェノール類の塩酸塩とアミド化縮合反応させることにより収率よく芳香族アミド化合物が得られることを見いだし本発明を完成した。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、式(1)

Figure 0003765837
(式中、R1 は低級アルキル基を表わす)
【0006】
で示されるo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩を、式(2)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R2 〜R4 は水素原子または低級アルキル基を表わす)
【0007】
で示される硫黄分含量が0.8%以下(酸クロリド類の重量基準)の酸クロリド類と不活性溶媒中で縮合反応させることを特徴とする式(3)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R1 〜R4 は前記と同じ意味を表わす)
で示される芳香族アミド類の製造法に関する。
【0008】
まず、この工程で用いられる式(1)で表されるo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩について説明する。
式(1)のo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩の置換基であるR1 としては例えば、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、sec-ブチルなどの低級アルキル基が挙げられる。
具体化合物としては、例えば2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロ−5−メチルフェノ−ル、2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロ−5−エチルフェノ−ル、2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロー5−n−プロピルフェノ−ル、2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロ−5−イソプロピルフェノ−ル、2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロ−5−n−ブチルフェノ−ル、2−アミノ−4,6−ジクロロ−5−sec −ブチルフェノ−ルの塩酸塩が例示される。
これらの化合物は、通常の還元方法で対応するニトロ化合物を還元して得られるo−アミノフェノール類を常法に従って塩酸塩化して得られる。
【0009】
次に、硫黄分含量が0.8%以下の式(2)の酸クロリド類について説明する。本発明のアミド化縮合反応では、硫黄分の酸クロリド重量基準でみた量が多くなるとアミド化反応の収率が低下するため硫黄含量が0.8%以下、より好ましくは0.5%以下の式(2)のカルボン酸クロリド類がアミド化縮合反応に用いられる。
【0010】
かかるカルボン酸クロリド類は、例えば硫黄分を含まないホスゲンや塩化オキザリル等をカルボン酸に反応せしめる方法等でも得られる。
また、酸クロリド類(1)としては、カルボン酸に塩化チオニルを反応させて得られた酸クロリド類の硫黄分を上記の水準まで減らすため蒸留精製して硫黄分含量が0.8%以下、より好ましくは0.5%以下としたものを用いてもよい。
【0011】
さらに本発明では、より好ましくは、上記のような酸クロリド類の蒸留を行うことなく例えば、式(4)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R2 〜R4 は水素原子または低級アルキル基を表わす)
【0012】
で示されるカルボン酸類に塩化チオニルを反応せしめ、得られた反応混合物を硫黄分含量が0.8%以下または0.5%以下となるよう濃縮して得られる式(2)のカルボン酸クロリド類を式(1)のo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩と反応させる態様でも本発明は実施することができる。
この態様では、蒸留工程を省略できるので簡便で蒸留による酸クロリド類の収率ロスもなくなることから蒸留酸クロリド類を使用する場合より有利である。
【0013】
この原料となる式(4)のカルボン酸類の置換基R2 、R3 、R4 としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、i−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、i−ブチル基、s−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−アミル基、i−アミル基、s−アミル基、t−アミル基、neo−ペンチル基、n−ヘキシル基、2−ヘキシル基、3−ヘキシル基、t−ヘキシル基等の低級アルキル基または水素原子があげられる。
【0014】
具体的カルボン酸類としては、2−エチルフェノキシ酢酸、4−エチルフェノキシ酢酸、α−(2−イソプロピルフェノキシ)酪酸、α−(3,5−ジイソプロピルフェノキシ)酪酸、α−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)酪酸、α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸、α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)吉草酸等が例示される。
【0015】
カルボン酸類に塩化チオニルを反応させカルボン酸クロリド類を得る反応において、カルボン酸に対する塩化チオニルの使用量は1〜6モル倍であり、好ましくは1〜2モル倍である。反応溶媒としては、通常トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類が使用され、その使用量はカルボン酸に対して0.1〜5重量倍であるが、反応溶媒の使用は必ずしも必須ではない。
反応は通常窒素等の不活性ガス雰囲気下、40〜80℃で実施され、反応促進のためピリジン、ピコリン、キノリン等のアミン類やN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N−メチルピロリドンなどのアミド類を添加して行うこともできる。その使用量は原料カルボン酸に対して5モル%までである。
【0016】
かかる反応条件でカルボン酸類に塩化チオニルを作用せしめ、得られた酸クロリドを濃縮することによって硫黄分の含量が調整され、例えば、65℃で30mmHgの減圧下またはそれ以上の温度、減圧度まで濃縮することにより最終的にはカルボン酸類(4)から所望の酸クロリド類が高収率で得られる。
ここで酸クロリド類と塩化チオニルとの反応に溶媒を使用した場合は、濃縮後の反応溶媒の残存量は通常濃縮前の50重量%以下、好ましくは20重量%以下に調整される。
【0017】
式(2)の酸クロリド類の置換基R2 、R3 、R4 としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、i−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、i−ブチル基、s−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−アミル基、i−アミル基、s−アミル基、t−アミル基、neo−ペンチル基、n−ヘキシル基、2−ヘキシル基、3−ヘキシル基、t−ヘキシル基等の低級アルキル基または水素原子があげられる。
【0018】
具体的酸クロリド類としては、2−エチルフェノキシ酢酸クロリド、4−エチルフェノキシ酢酸クロリド、α−(2−イソプロピルフェノキシ)酪酸クロリド、α−(3,5−ジイソプロピルフェノキシ)酪酸クロリド、α−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)酪酸クロリド、α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸クロリド、α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)吉草酸クロリド等のα−置換脂肪族カルボン酸クロリド類が例示される。
【0019】
次に、上記の式(2)の酸クロリド類を式(1)のo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩とアミド化縮合反応させる工程について以下説明する。
酸クロリド類の使用量は、式(2)のo−アミノフェノールの塩酸塩に対して通常、1〜1.5モル倍であり、より好ましくは1〜1.35モル倍である。
【0020】
アミド化縮合 反応は不活性溶媒中で実施され、不活性溶媒としてはアセトニトリルまたはプロピオニトリル等の低級アルキルニトリル類、トルエンまたはキシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類あるいはアセトン等の低級アルキルケトン類等の中性の不活性有機溶媒が例示され、その使用量はo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩に対して通常3〜30重量倍、好ましくは3〜25重量倍である。
【0021】
反応温度は通常40℃〜100℃である。
反応は通常、o−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩スラリーの中に酸クロリドを滴下するか、40℃以下で両試剤を仕込んでから加熱昇温して実施される。
アミド化縮合は、通常、空気中で行うこともできるが、雰囲気中の酸素が反応に影響を及ぼすため、芳香族アミド類をより収率よく得るには、該反応は好ましくは酸素濃度5%以下、さらにより好ましくは酸素濃度1%以下の窒素等の不活性ガス雰囲気下で実施される。
【0022】
この反応においては塩化水素が発生するが、必ずしも脱酸剤を用いる必要はなく、両試剤だけでも円滑に反応は進行する。脱酸剤を用いることにより反応をより容易に行い、かつ溶媒量を削減することもできる。
このときの溶媒量は、o−アミノフェノール塩酸塩に対して3〜25倍量である。
使用できる脱酸剤としては、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム等のアルカリ金属炭酸塩、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム等のアルカリ金属重炭酸塩などの無機塩基類があげられる。
その使用量は、二酸塩基を用いたときはo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩に対して通常1.5モル倍程度までであり、一酸塩基を用いたときは、3モル倍程度までである。
【0023】
縮合反応後の反応液を、必要により、洗浄、分液または濾過した後、濃縮して芳香族アミド化合物を取り出し、得られた粗芳香族アミド化合物を再結晶することもできるが、本発明の方法では、上記のような煩雑な操作を行うことなく、縮合反応後の反応液はそのままあるいは脱酸剤を用いた場合は必要により洗浄、分液または濾過操作の後、次の工程に供試することもできるし、晶析工程に供し目的物である高品質の芳香族アミド化合物を収率よく取り出すこともできる。
【0024】
晶析のために反応液の溶媒量と溶媒組成は反応溶媒を適宜留去、添加するか、または必要により水を添加することによって調節される。
溶媒の量は、原料であるo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩に対して通常3〜15重量倍であり、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素溶媒またはアセトニトリルを縮合アミド化工程で用いた場合は溶媒量を上記の範囲内に調節するだけで晶析を行うことができる。
縮合工程でアセトン溶媒を用いた場合は、縮合反応後の反応溶液に水を添加し、その溶媒組成を10〜40%の含水アセトンとなるよう調節して晶析を行う。晶析は反応溶液の温度を通常40〜100℃から5〜10℃に冷却して行われる。
析出した結晶は濾過、洗浄し乾燥することによって残存溶媒や水分の除かれた芳香族アミド化合物として得られる。
【0025】
かかる方法で得られる具体的芳香族アミド化合物としては、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸アミド、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸アミド、2−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド、2−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド、2−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸アミド、2−(2−t−アミル−4−メチルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸アミド、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)吉草酸アミド、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)吉草酸アミド等が例示される。
【0026】
以上、本発明の方法によりカルボン酸クロリド類とアミノフェノールの塩酸塩から式(4)の芳香族アミド類が収率よく簡便な方法で得られ、その品質はHPLC分析で純度99.6%以上と高く、該芳香族アミド類は優れた画像を形成するシアンカップラーとなる。
【0027】
【実施例】
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例にのみ限定されるものではない。
【0028】
参考例1
α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸の合成
▲1▼α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸エステルの合成
2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノール 668.6g、トルエン1450.9g、95%苛性ソーダ 119.4gを5リットルの フラスコに仕込み、共沸脱水により系内の水分を400ppm 以下にし、α−ブロモ酪酸エチルエステル585gを50℃で3時間かけて滴下し、更に50℃に9時間保温することにより反応を完結せしめた。この反応液に40℃で濃塩酸 325.3g及び水1337.2gを添加攪拌し、水層を分液後、油層を水 668.6gで洗浄した。その後油層を理論段数7段の充填塔を用い100−3mmHgの減圧下、温度60−250℃にて蒸留精製し、純度99%のα−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸エチルエステルを2,4−ジアミルフェノールに対して収率70%で得た。
【0029】
▲2▼α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸の合成
上記α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸エチルエステル 317.9g及び27%苛性ソーダ水 401.4gを3リットルのフラスコに仕込み、98℃に6時間保温することにより加水分解反応を完結せしめた。反応後40%硫酸水 349.9g及び水250gを添加してpH2以下にしてからトルエン 317.9gを添加して抽出操作を行い、水層を分液後、トルエン層を水 317.9gで洗浄した。その後トルエン層の濃縮を常圧蒸留により行い、トルエンを回収した。分析の結果、このトルエン濃縮液 357.6g中には原料エステルに対して収率99%相当の目的とするカルボン酸が含まれていた。
【0030】
実施例1
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
参考例1−▲2▼で得られたカルボン酸の濃縮液と同様の組成の濃縮液85.5g およびN,N −ジメチルホルムアミド0.08g を1 リットルのフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、68℃で塩化チオニル30.54 gを1 時間で滴下し、さらに同温度で4 時間保温して反応を完結せしめた。反応後、30mmHgの減圧下、温度65℃で残存塩化チオニルおよびトルエン溶液の一部を3.0 時間かけて留去した。得られた酸クロリドの濃縮物74.51gは分析の結果、カルボン酸からの酸クロリドの収率は99% であり、酸クロリドを基準として0.07% の硫黄分を含んでいた。
このようにして得られた酸クロリド30.8gと6−アミノ−2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチルフェノール塩酸塩20.7g( 含量97.5%)およびアセトニトリル207gをフラスコ中に仕込み、酸素濃度1%以下の窒素雰囲気下で3時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、反応液を10℃まで冷却し、さらに10℃で1時間保温してアミド化合物を晶析した。結晶を濾過し、さらにアセトニトリルで洗浄後、乾燥して目的物39.9gを得た。
(mp145−146℃、純度99.8%、アミド化工程の収率94.1% )
【0031】
本実施例および以下の実施例と比較例も含めてアミド化合物の純度は液体クロマトグラフィー分析装置( LC6A,島津製作所製)を用いた分析により得られるクロマトグラムにおけるアミド化合物の面積百分率である。なお分析条件はつぎのとおりである。カラム:スミパックODS A212;移動相:0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸−10%含水アセトニトリル;測定温度40℃。
硫黄分の分析は、試料を酸素炎燃焼の前処理をして硫酸イオンとした後、イオンクロマトグラフィーにより定量した。得られたこの値を硫黄に換算して酸クロリド重量を基準とした値で表した。
【0032】
実施例2
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
参考例1−▲2▼で得られたカルボン酸の濃縮液と同様の組成の濃縮液85.5g およびN,N −ジメチルホルムアミド0.08g を1 リットルのフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、68℃で塩化チオニル30.54 gを1 時間で滴下し、さらに同温度で4 時間保温して反応を完結せしめた。反応後、30mmHgの減圧下、温度65℃で残存塩化チオニルおよびトルエン溶液の一部を2 時間かけて留去した。得られた酸クロリドの濃縮物75.26g中には分析の結果、カルボン酸からの酸クロリドの収率は99% であり、酸クロリドを基準として0.13% の硫黄分を含んでいた。
この酸クロリド31.1g(硫黄分0.13%)を用いる以外は実施例1と同様に反応を行い、アミド化工程収率94.6% で目的物を得た。
( mp145−146℃、純度99.7%)
【0033】
実施例3
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
参考例1−▲2▼で得られたカルボン酸のトルエン濃縮液 300.6g及びN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド0.25gを1Lフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、温度68℃に保温して塩化チオニル107.34gを1時間で滴下し、更に4時間保温攪拌することにより反応を完結せしめた。反応後30−300mmHgの減圧下温度を65℃に加温して残存塩化チオニル及びトルエン溶液の一部を留去した。分析の結果、濃縮液270g中には硫黄分が 0.4%、原料カルボン酸に対して収率99%相当の目的とする酸クロリドが含まれていた。
この酸クロリド33.8g(硫黄分0.40%)を用いる以外は実施例1と同様に同様に反応を行い目的物をアミド化工程収率93.5% で得た。
( mp145−146℃、純度99.6%)
【0034】
実施例4
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
▲1▼α−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸を含有する上記参考例1−▲2▼のトルエン濃縮液と同様の組成の濃縮液 300.6g及びN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド0.25gを1リットルのフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、温度68℃に保温して塩化チオニル107.34gを1時間で滴下し、更に4時間保温攪拌することにより反応を完結せしめた。反応後30−300mmHgの減圧下温度を65℃に加温して残存塩化チオニル及びトルエン溶液の一部を留去した。分析の結果、濃縮液270g中には硫黄分が 0.4%、原料カルボン酸に対して収率99%相当の目的とする酸クロリドが含まれていた。
▲2▼このカルボン酸クロリドの濃縮液100gを減圧蒸留し、精製品76.8g(bp.139〜140 ℃/ 1 mmHg) を得た。カルボン酸クロリドの蒸留回収率は81.4% 、硫黄分は0.01%以下であった。
【0035】
▲3▼2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチル−6−ニトロフェノール20g(純度98.4%)をメタノール80gに溶解し、これにラネーニッケル 0.8g、活性炭 0.2gを加え、40〜45℃、水素圧4kg/cm2 にて水素吸収がなくなるまで水素を通じた。反応終了後、空気中でラネーニッケルを除去し、塩酸17.7gを滴下し20℃に冷却すると結晶が析出した。これを濾過しアセトン28gで洗浄、乾燥し2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチル−6−アミノフェノール塩酸塩16.2gを得た。空気中でこの塩酸塩に、上記の蒸留精製した酸クロリド23.4gを加えアセトニトリル162g中、2時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、反応液を10℃まで冷却し、析出した結晶を濾過した。
さらにアセトニトリル16gで洗浄後、乾燥し、目的のアミド30.1gを得た。
(mp 145−146℃、純度98.9%)
ついでこの結晶全量をアセトニトリル150gで再結晶すると純度99.3% の結晶28.2g が得られた。(アミド化工程収率82.2% )
【0036】
実施例5
(酸クロリド中の硫黄分 0.8%の場合)
参考例1−▲2▼記載のα−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)酪酸が含まれる濃縮液57g及びN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド0.05gを1リットルのフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、温度68℃に保温して塩化チオニル 20.36gを1時間で滴下し、更に4時間保温攪拌することにより反応を完結せしめた。反応後300−50mmHgの減圧下温度を65℃に加温して残存塩化チオニル及びトルエン溶液の一部を留去した。分析の結果、濃縮液 51.98g中には硫黄分が 0.8%、原料カルボン酸に対して収率99%相当の目的とする酸クロリドが含まれていた。
【0037】
実施例1において上記の硫黄分含量 0.8%の酸クロリドを使用する以外は同様の操作を行った。その結果、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド33.6gを得た。
(mp 145−146℃、純度99.5%、アミド化工程収率79.0% )
【0038】
実施例6
(酸素濃度5%の雰囲気での反応の場合)
酸素濃度5%の気流下で反応を行う以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。その結果、2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミド37.4gを得た。
(mp 145−146℃、純度99.6%、アミド化工程収率88.0% )
【0039】
実施例7
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
6−アミノ−2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチルフェノール塩酸塩20.7g( 含量97.5%)およびアセトン140gおよび炭酸水素ナトリウム14.0gをフラスコ中に仕込み、酸素濃度1%以下の窒素雰囲気に保った中に、実施例3で得られた酸クロリド33.8g(硫黄分0.40%)を滴下し、2時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、反応液中の不溶分を濾別し、不溶分を少量のアセトンで洗浄した。集めた濾液およ洗液に水4.3gおよびアセトン24.2gを加えてから30℃まで冷却し、結晶が析出した後さらにこの中に水38.8gを滴下した。
さらに冷却し温度を10℃まで下げ結晶を濾集した。濾集した結晶を25%含水アセトン64.4gで洗浄後、乾燥して目的のアミド化合物38.1gを得た。(mp145−146℃、純度99.7%、アミド化工程収率89.6%))
【0040】
実施例8
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
脱酸剤として炭酸水素ナトリウムを用いる代わりに炭酸ナトリウム17.6g を使用する以外は実施例4 と同様の操作を行い目的のアミド化合物34.1g を得た。
( mp145−146℃、純度99.7%、アミド化工程収率80.2%)
【0041】
比較例1
2−(2,4−ジ−t−アミルフェノキシ)−N−(3,5−ジクロロ−4−エチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタンアミドの製造
▲1▼参考例1-▲2▼で用いられたのと同じ組成のカルボン酸の濃縮液85.5g およびN,N −ジメチルホルムアミド0.08g を1 リットルのフラスコに仕込み、窒素雰囲気下、68℃で塩化チオニル30.54 gを1 時間で滴下し、さらに同温度で4 時間保温して反応を完結せしめた。反応後、30mmHgの減圧下、温度65℃で残存塩化チオニルおよびトルエン溶液の一部を3.0 時間かけて留去した。得られた酸クロリドの濃縮物74.51gは分析の結果、カルボン酸からの酸クロリドの収率は99% であり、酸クロリド重量を基準として0.07% の硫黄分を含んでいた。
上記のカルボン酸クロリドの濃縮液100gを減圧蒸留し、精製品76.8g(bp.139〜140 ℃/ 1 mmHg) を得た。カルボン酸クロリドの蒸留回収率は81.4% であった。
【0042】
▲2▼2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチル−6−ニトロフェノール20g(純度98.4%)をメタノール300ccに溶解し、これにラネーニッケルを触媒量加え常圧にて水素吸収がなくなるまで水素を通じた。反応終了後、空気中でラネーニッケルを除去し、溶媒を留去した。得られた粗2,4−ジクロロ−3−エチル−6−アミノフェノールと16.7gの酢酸ソーダを500ccの氷酢酸に溶解し、この中に上記の蒸留精製した酸クロリド29.4gを酢酸70ccに溶解した液として30分で滴下した。さらに30分間攪拌後、反応液を氷水に注入した。
生成した沈殿を濾過乾燥後、アセトニトリルで2回再結晶を行い、乾燥して目的物31.7gを得た。(mp.145−146℃、純度99.4%、o −ニトロフェノールからの収率74.3%)[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic amide used as a color photographic drug cyan coupler.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for producing an aromatic amide used as a color photographic drug cyan coupler, a method in which an O-aminophenol is subjected to a condensation reaction with an acid chloride in acetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate (JP-A-62-73258). Or a method of reacting hydrochlorides of o-aminophenols with acid chlorides in an acetone solvent in the presence of quinoline (US Pat. No. 2,801,171) is known.
[0003]
However, in these methods, an acidic solvent such as acetic acid and a relatively low versatility reagent such as quinoline are required for the condensation amidation reaction, and the yield of the obtained aromatic amides is sufficient. There was a problem that it was not a thing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a result of examining a method for industrially obtaining a high-quality photographic coupler, the present inventors have found that the content of sulfur can be obtained using a neutral organic solvent without using a reagent such as acetic acid or quinoline. The present invention was completed by finding that an aromatic amide compound can be obtained in high yield by subjecting a carboxylic acid chloride (based on the weight of carboxylic acid chloride) to 0.8% or less and amidation condensation reaction with a hydrochloride of o-phenols. did.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides the formula (1)
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 1 represents a lower alkyl group)
[0006]
A hydrochloride of o-aminophenol represented by the formula (2)
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group)
[0007]
Wherein the sulfur content is 0.8% or less (based on the weight of the acid chloride) and an acid chloride is subjected to a condensation reaction in an inert solvent (3)
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 1 to R 4 represent the same meaning as described above)
To an aromatic amide represented by the formula:
[0008]
First, the hydrochloride of o-aminophenol represented by the formula (1) used in this step will be described.
Examples of R 1 which is a substituent of the hydrochloride of o-aminophenols of the formula (1) include lower alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl and the like.
Specific examples of the compound include 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-5-ethylphenol, 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-5-n. -Propylphenol, 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-5-isopropylphenol, 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-5-n-butylphenol, 2-amino-4,6-dichloro An example is -5-sec-butylphenol hydrochloride.
These compounds are obtained by subjecting o-aminophenols obtained by reducing the corresponding nitro compound by a conventional reduction method to hydrochloric acid chloride according to a conventional method.
[0009]
Next, the acid chlorides of the formula (2) having a sulfur content of 0.8% or less will be described. In the amidation condensation reaction of the present invention, the sulfur content is reduced to 0.8% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less because the yield of the amidation reaction decreases when the amount of sulfur content based on the weight of acid chloride is increased. Carboxylic acid chlorides of the formula (2) are used for the amidation condensation reaction.
[0010]
Such carboxylic acid chlorides can also be obtained by, for example, a method of reacting carboxylic acid with phosgene or oxalyl chloride not containing sulfur.
In addition, as the acid chlorides (1), in order to reduce the sulfur content of the acid chlorides obtained by reacting carboxylic acid with thionyl chloride to the above level, it is distilled and purified to have a sulfur content of 0.8% or less, More preferably, 0.5% or less may be used.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the present invention, more preferably, for example, the formula (4) is used without performing distillation of the acid chlorides as described above.
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group)
[0012]
Carboxylic acid chlorides of the formula (2) obtained by reacting thionyl chloride with the carboxylic acids represented by formula (2) and concentrating the resulting reaction mixture so that the sulfur content is 0.8% or less or 0.5% or less. The present invention can also be carried out in an embodiment in which is reacted with the hydrochloride of o-aminophenols of the formula (1).
In this embodiment, since the distillation step can be omitted, it is more convenient and the yield loss of acid chlorides due to distillation is eliminated, which is more advantageous than the case of using distilled acid chlorides.
[0013]
The substituents R 2 , R 3 and R 4 of the carboxylic acids of the formula (4) used as the raw material are methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group and i-butyl group. , S-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-amyl group, i-amyl group, s-amyl group, t-amyl group, neo-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, 3-hexyl group , A lower alkyl group such as t-hexyl group or a hydrogen atom.
[0014]
Specific carboxylic acids include 2-ethylphenoxyacetic acid, 4-ethylphenoxyacetic acid, α- (2-isopropylphenoxy) butyric acid, α- (3,5-diisopropylphenoxy) butyric acid, α- (2-t-amyl- Examples include 4-methylphenoxy) butyric acid, α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid, α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) valeric acid, and the like.
[0015]
In the reaction for obtaining carboxylic acid chlorides by reacting carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride, the amount of thionyl chloride used relative to the carboxylic acid is 1 to 6 mol times, preferably 1 to 2 mol times. As the reaction solvent, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene are usually used, and the amount used is 0.1 to 5 times the weight of the carboxylic acid, but the use of the reaction solvent is not necessarily essential.
The reaction is usually carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen at 40 to 80 ° C., and amines such as pyridine, picoline and quinoline and amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone are used to promote the reaction. It can also be added. The amount used is up to 5 mol% with respect to the raw material carboxylic acid.
[0016]
Under such reaction conditions, thionyl chloride is allowed to act on carboxylic acids, and the resulting acid chloride is concentrated to adjust the sulfur content. For example, it is concentrated at 65 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 30 mmHg or higher and at a reduced pressure. By doing so, the desired acid chlorides can be finally obtained in high yield from the carboxylic acids (4).
Here, when a solvent is used for the reaction between the acid chlorides and thionyl chloride, the residual amount of the reaction solvent after the concentration is usually adjusted to 50% by weight or less, preferably 20% by weight or less before the concentration.
[0017]
The substituents R 2 , R 3 and R 4 of the acid chlorides of the formula (2) are methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, s- Butyl group, t-butyl group, n-amyl group, i-amyl group, s-amyl group, t-amyl group, neo-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, 2-hexyl group, 3-hexyl group, t- Examples thereof include a lower alkyl group such as a hexyl group or a hydrogen atom.
[0018]
Specific acid chlorides include 2-ethylphenoxyacetic acid chloride, 4-ethylphenoxyacetic acid chloride, α- (2-isopropylphenoxy) butyric acid chloride, α- (3,5-diisopropylphenoxy) butyric acid chloride, α- (2 Α- (t-amyl-4-methylphenoxy) butyric acid chloride, α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid chloride, α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) valeric acid chloride, etc. -Substituted aliphatic carboxylic acid chlorides are exemplified.
[0019]
Next, the step of subjecting the acid chloride of the above formula (2) to the amidation condensation reaction with the hydrochloride of the o-aminophenol of the formula (1) will be described below.
The usage-amount of acid chlorides is 1-1.5 mol times normally with respect to the hydrochloride of o-aminophenol of Formula (2), More preferably, it is 1-1.35 mol times.
[0020]
The amidation condensation reaction is carried out in an inert solvent. Examples of the inert solvent include lower alkyl nitriles such as acetonitrile or propionitrile, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene or xylene, or lower alkyl ketones such as acetone. Neutral inert organic solvents are exemplified, and the amount used is usually 3 to 30 times by weight, preferably 3 to 25 times by weight of the hydrochloride of o-aminophenols.
[0021]
The reaction temperature is usually 40 ° C to 100 ° C.
The reaction is usually carried out by dropping acid chloride into a hydrochloride slurry of o-aminophenols or by charging both reagents at 40 ° C. or lower and then heating to increase the temperature.
The amidation condensation can usually be carried out in the air. However, since oxygen in the atmosphere affects the reaction, the reaction preferably has an oxygen concentration of 5% in order to obtain aromatic amides in a higher yield. Hereinafter, it is more preferably carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen having an oxygen concentration of 1% or less.
[0022]
Although hydrogen chloride is generated in this reaction, it is not always necessary to use a deoxidizing agent, and the reaction proceeds smoothly even with both reagents alone. By using a deoxidizing agent, the reaction can be carried out more easily and the amount of solvent can be reduced.
The amount of the solvent at this time is 3 to 25 times the amount of o-aminophenol hydrochloride.
Examples of the deoxidizer that can be used include inorganic bases such as alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, and alkali metal bicarbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate.
When the diacid base is used, the amount used is usually up to about 1.5 mole times the o-aminophenol hydrochloride, and when the monoacid base is used, up to about 3 mole times. is there.
[0023]
The reaction solution after the condensation reaction can be washed, separated or filtered, if necessary, and concentrated to take out the aromatic amide compound, and the resulting crude aromatic amide compound can be recrystallized. In the method, the reaction solution after the condensation reaction is used as it is without performing the complicated operation as described above, or when a deoxidizer is used, if necessary, after washing, liquid separation or filtration operation, the sample is subjected to the next step. It is also possible to take out the high-quality aromatic amide compound, which is the target product, in a crystallization process with good yield.
[0024]
For the crystallization, the solvent amount and the solvent composition of the reaction liquid are adjusted by distilling off and adding the reaction solvent as appropriate or adding water as necessary.
The amount of the solvent is usually 3 to 15 times by weight with respect to the hydrochloride of the starting o-aminophenol, and when an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene or xylene or acetonitrile is used in the condensation amidation step. Crystallization can be performed only by adjusting the amount of the solvent within the above range.
When an acetone solvent is used in the condensation step, crystallization is performed by adding water to the reaction solution after the condensation reaction and adjusting the solvent composition to 10 to 40% water-containing acetone. Crystallization is performed by cooling the temperature of the reaction solution, usually from 40-100 ° C to 5-10 ° C.
The precipitated crystals are obtained as an aromatic amide compound from which residual solvent and moisture have been removed by filtering, washing and drying.
[0025]
Specific aromatic amide compounds obtained by such methods include 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide, 2 -(2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide, 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N -(3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide, 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-methyl-2- Hydroxyphenyl) acetamide, 2- (2-t-amyl-4-methylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide, 2- (2-t-amyl-) 4-methyl Enoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide, 2- (2-t-amyl-4-methylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl -2-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide, 2- (2-t-amyl-4-methylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide, 2- (2, 4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) valeric acid amide, 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- ( 3,5-dichloro-4-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) valeric amide and the like are exemplified.
[0026]
As described above, the aromatic amides of the formula (4) can be obtained from the carboxylic acid chlorides and aminophenol hydrochloride by the method of the present invention by a simple method with high yield, and the quality is as high as 99.6% or more by HPLC analysis. The aromatic amides become cyan couplers that form excellent images.
[0027]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited only to these Examples.
[0028]
Reference example 1
Synthesis of α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid {circle around (1)} Synthesis of α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid ester 2,4-di-t-amylphenol 668.6 g 1450.9 g of toluene, 119.4 g of 95% caustic soda were charged into a 5 liter flask, the water content in the system was reduced to 400 ppm or less by azeotropic dehydration, and 585 g of α-bromobutyric acid ethyl ester was added dropwise at 50 ° C. over 3 hours. The reaction was completed by incubating at 50 ° C. for 9 hours. To this reaction solution, 325.3 g of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1337.2 g of water were added and stirred at 40 ° C., the aqueous layer was separated, and the oil layer was washed with 668.6 g of water. Thereafter, the oil layer was purified by distillation at a temperature of 60-250 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 100-3 mmHg using a packed column having 7 theoretical plates, and ethyl α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyrate having a purity of 99%. The ester was obtained with a yield of 70% based on 2,4-diamylphenol.
[0029]
(2) Synthesis of α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid 3 liters of the above α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid ethyl ester 317.9 g and 271.4% caustic soda water 401.4 g The hydrolysis reaction was completed by charging the flask and maintaining at 98 ° C. for 6 hours. After the reaction, 349.9 g of 40% sulfuric acid and 250 g of water were added to bring the pH to 2 or lower, and 317.9 g of toluene was added for extraction. After separation of the aqueous layer, the toluene layer was washed with 317.9 g of water. Thereafter, the toluene layer was concentrated by atmospheric distillation to collect toluene. As a result of analysis, 357.6 g of this toluene concentrate contained the target carboxylic acid in a yield of 99% with respect to the raw material ester.
[0030]
Example 1
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide The carboxylic acid obtained in Reference Example 1- (2) Charge 85.5 g of concentrate with the same composition as the concentrate and 0.08 g of N, N-dimethylformamide to a 1 liter flask, add 30.54 g of thionyl chloride dropwise at 68 ° C. over 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere, and further at the same temperature. The reaction was completed by incubating for 4 hours. After the reaction, the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off over 3.0 hours at a temperature of 65 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 30 mmHg. As a result of analysis, 74.51 g of the obtained acid chloride concentrate was found to have a yield of 99% from the carboxylic acid and contained 0.07% sulfur based on the acid chloride.
30.8 g of the acid chloride thus obtained, 20.7 g of 6-amino-2,4-dichloro-3-ethylphenol hydrochloride (content 97.5%) and 207 g of acetonitrile were charged into a flask, and the oxygen concentration was 1%. The mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours under the following nitrogen atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C. and further kept at 10 ° C. for 1 hour to crystallize the amide compound. The crystals were filtered, further washed with acetonitrile, and then dried to obtain 39.9 g of the desired product.
(Mp145-146 ° C., purity 99.8%, yield of amidation step 94.1%)
[0031]
The purity of the amide compound, including this example and the following examples and comparative examples, is the area percentage of the amide compound in the chromatogram obtained by analysis using a liquid chromatography analyzer (LC6A, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The analysis conditions are as follows. Column: Sumipack ODS A212; mobile phase: 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid-10% aqueous acetonitrile; measurement temperature 40 ° C.
The sulfur content was analyzed by ion chromatography after the sample was pretreated for oxyflame combustion to make sulfate ions. The obtained value was converted to sulfur and expressed as a value based on the weight of acid chloride.
[0032]
Example 2
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide The carboxylic acid obtained in Reference Example 1- (2) Charge 85.5 g of concentrate with the same composition as the concentrate and 0.08 g of N, N-dimethylformamide to a 1 liter flask, add 30.54 g of thionyl chloride dropwise at 68 ° C. over 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere, and further at the same temperature. The reaction was completed by incubating for 4 hours. After the reaction, the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off over 2 hours at a temperature of 65 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 30 mmHg. As a result of analysis, 75.26 g of the resulting acid chloride concentrate had a yield of 99% from the carboxylic acid and contained 0.13% sulfur based on the acid chloride.
The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 31.1 g of this acid chloride (sulfur content 0.13%) was used, and the target product was obtained with a yield of 94.6% in the amidation step.
(mp145-146 ° C, purity 99.7%)
[0033]
Example 3
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide The carboxylic acid obtained in Reference Example 1- (2) By charging 300.6 g of toluene concentrate and 0.25 g of N, N-dimethylformamide into a 1 L flask, keeping the temperature at 68 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere, dripping 107.34 g of thionyl chloride over 1 hour, and further stirring while stirring for 4 hours. The reaction was completed. After the reaction, the temperature under reduced pressure of 30-300 mmHg was heated to 65 ° C., and the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off. As a result of the analysis, 270 g of the concentrated solution contained a target acid chloride corresponding to a sulfur content of 0.4% and a yield of 99% with respect to the raw material carboxylic acid.
The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 33.8 g (sulfur content 0.40%) of this acid chloride was used, and the target product was obtained with a yield of 93.5% in the amidation step.
(mp145-146 ° C, purity 99.6%)
[0034]
Example 4
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide (1) α- (2,4-di-t- (Amilphenoxy) butyric acid-containing 300.6 g of a concentrate having the same composition as the toluene concentrate of the above Reference Example 1- (2) and 0.25 g of N, N-dimethylformamide were charged into a 1 liter flask, and the temperature was increased in a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was kept at 68 ° C., and 107.34 g of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1 hour, and the reaction was completed by stirring for 4 hours. After the reaction, the temperature under reduced pressure of 30-300 mmHg was heated to 65 ° C., and the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off. As a result of the analysis, 270 g of the concentrated solution contained a target acid chloride corresponding to a sulfur content of 0.4% and a yield of 99% with respect to the raw material carboxylic acid.
(2) 100 g of this carboxylic acid chloride concentrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 76.8 g of purified product (bp. 139 to 140 ° C./1 mmHg). The distillation recovery rate of carboxylic acid chloride was 81.4%, and the sulfur content was 0.01% or less.
[0035]
(3) 20 g of 2,4-dichloro-3-ethyl-6-nitrophenol (purity 98.4%) was dissolved in 80 g of methanol, and 0.8 g of Raney nickel and 0.2 g of activated carbon were added thereto. Hydrogen was passed through at a pressure of 4 kg / cm 2 until there was no hydrogen absorption. After completion of the reaction, Raney nickel was removed in air, 17.7 g of hydrochloric acid was added dropwise and cooled to 20 ° C., and crystals were deposited. This was filtered, washed with 28 g of acetone and dried to obtain 16.2 g of 2,4-dichloro-3-ethyl-6-aminophenol hydrochloride. To this hydrochloride in air, 23.4 g of the above-purified acid chloride was added and heated to reflux in 162 g of acetonitrile for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C., and the precipitated crystals were filtered.
Further, after washing with 16 g of acetonitrile, drying was performed to obtain 30.1 g of the target amide.
(Mp 145-146 ° C, purity 98.9%)
Then, the whole crystal was recrystallized with 150 g of acetonitrile to obtain 28.2 g of crystals having a purity of 99.3%. (Amidation process yield 82.2%)
[0036]
Example 5
(When the sulfur content in acid chloride is 0.8%)
In a 1 liter flask, 57 g of a concentrated solution containing α- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) butyric acid described in Reference Example 1- (2) and 0.05 g of N, N-dimethylformamide were charged in a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was kept at a temperature of 68 ° C., and 20.36 g of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1 hour, and the reaction was completed by stirring for 4 hours. After the reaction, the temperature under reduced pressure of 300-50 mmHg was heated to 65 ° C., and the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off. As a result of the analysis, 51.98 g of the concentrated liquid contained the target acid chloride in a sulfur content of 0.8% and a yield equivalent to 99% based on the starting carboxylic acid.
[0037]
The same operation was carried out except that the acid chloride having a sulfur content of 0.8% was used in Example 1. As a result, 33.6 g of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide was obtained.
(Mp 145-146 ° C., purity 99.5%, amidation process yield 79.0%)
[0038]
Example 6
(In the case of reaction in an atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 5%)
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the reaction was performed in an air stream having an oxygen concentration of 5%. As a result, 37.4 g of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide was obtained.
(Mp 145-146 ° C, purity 99.6%, amidation process yield 88.0%)
[0039]
Example 7
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide 6-amino-2,4-dichloro-3-ethylphenol The acid chloride 33 obtained in Example 3 was prepared while 20.7 g of hydrochloride (content 97.5%), 140 g of acetone and 14.0 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate were charged in a flask and kept in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 1% or less. .8 g (sulfur content 0.40%) was added dropwise and heated to reflux for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the insoluble matter in the reaction solution was filtered off, and the insoluble matter was washed with a small amount of acetone. After 4.3 g of water and 24.2 g of acetone were added to the collected filtrate and washing solution, the mixture was cooled to 30 ° C. After crystals were precipitated, 38.8 g of water was further added dropwise thereto.
The solution was further cooled, the temperature was lowered to 10 ° C., and the crystals were collected by filtration. The collected crystals were washed with 64.4 g of 25% aqueous acetone and dried to obtain 38.1 g of the desired amide compound. (Mp145-146 ° C., purity 99.7%, amidation process yield 89.6%))
[0040]
Example 8
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide Sodium carbonate 17.6 instead of using sodium bicarbonate as deoxidizer The same operation as in Example 4 was carried out except that g was used to obtain 34.1 g of the target amide compound.
(mp145-146 ° C., purity 99.7%, amidation process yield 80.2%)
[0041]
Comparative Example 1
Preparation of 2- (2,4-di-t-amylphenoxy) -N- (3,5-dichloro-4-ethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butanamide (1) Used in Reference Example 1- (2) 85.5 g of carboxylic acid concentrate of the same composition as above and 0.08 g of N, N-dimethylformamide were charged into a 1 liter flask, and 30.54 g of thionyl chloride was added dropwise at 68 ° C. over 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere. Incubated for 4 hours to complete the reaction. After the reaction, the remaining thionyl chloride and a part of the toluene solution were distilled off over 3.0 hours at a temperature of 65 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 30 mmHg. As a result of analysis, 74.51 g of the resulting acid chloride concentrate was found to have a yield of 99% from the carboxylic acid and contained 0.07% sulfur based on the weight of the acid chloride.
100 g of the concentrated solution of carboxylic acid chloride was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 76.8 g (bp. 139 to 140 ° C./1 mmHg) of a purified product. The distillation recovery rate of carboxylic acid chloride was 81.4%.
[0042]
(2) Dissolve 20 g of 2,4-dichloro-3-ethyl-6-nitrophenol (purity 98.4%) in 300 cc of methanol, add a catalytic amount of Raney nickel, and pass hydrogen until no hydrogen absorption occurs at normal pressure. It was. After completion of the reaction, Raney nickel was removed in air and the solvent was distilled off. The obtained crude 2,4-dichloro-3-ethyl-6-aminophenol and 16.7 g of sodium acetate were dissolved in 500 cc of glacial acetic acid, and 29.4 g of the above distilled and purified acid chloride was dissolved in 70 cc of acetic acid. The solution dissolved in was added dropwise in 30 minutes. After stirring for another 30 minutes, the reaction solution was poured into ice water.
The produced precipitate was filtered and dried, then recrystallized twice with acetonitrile, and dried to obtain 31.7 g of the desired product. (Mp.145-146 ° C., purity 99.4%, yield from o-nitrophenol 74.3%)

Claims (3)

式(1)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R1 は低級アルキル基を表す。)
で示されるo−アミノフェノール類の塩酸塩を式(2)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R2 〜R4 は水素原子または低級アルキル基を表わす)
で示される硫黄分含量が0.5%以下(酸クロリド類の重量基準)の酸クロリド類とトルエン、キシレンまたはアセトニトリルから選ばれる不活性溶媒中で、キノリンを用いずに酸素濃度が1%以下の不活性ガス雰囲気下で縮合反応させて、式(3)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R1 〜R4 は前記と同じ意味を表わす)
で示される芳香族アミド類の製造法であって、前記式(2)の酸クロリド類として、式(4)
Figure 0003765837
(式中、R2 〜R4 は水素原子または低級アルキル基を表わす)
で示されるカルボン酸類に塩化チオニルを反応せしめ、得られた反応混合物を濃縮して、硫黄分含量を0.5%以下(酸クロリド類の重量基準)とした式(2)の酸クロリド類を用いることを特徴とする芳香族アミド類の製造法。
Formula (1)
Figure 0003765837
(In the formula, R 1 represents a lower alkyl group.)
The hydrochloride of o-aminophenol represented by the formula (2)
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group)
In an inert solvent selected from the group consisting of acid chlorides having a sulfur content of 0.5 % or less (based on the weight of acid chlorides) and toluene, xylene or acetonitrile , the oxygen concentration is 1% or less without using quinoline A condensation reaction under an inert gas atmosphere of the formula (3)
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 1 to R 4 represent the same meaning as described above)
Wherein the acid chlorides of the formula (2) are represented by the formula (4):
Figure 0003765837
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group)
The reaction mixture is concentrated with the carboxylic acid represented by the formula (2), and the resulting reaction mixture is concentrated to give a sulfur content of 0.5 % or less (based on the weight of the acid chloride). A process for producing an aromatic amide, characterized in that it is used.
アミド化反応の不活性溶媒がトルエン、キシレンまたはアセトニトリルであり、アミド化縮合反応終了後、該反応液から式(3)で表される芳香族アミド類を晶析する請求項1に記載の製造法。The production according to claim 1, wherein the inert solvent for the amidation reaction is toluene, xylene or acetonitrile, and the aromatic amide represented by the formula (3) is crystallized from the reaction solution after completion of the amidation condensation reaction. Law. 脱酸剤の存在下に縮合反応を行う請求項1または2に記載の製造法。The production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the condensation reaction is carried out in the presence of a deoxidizing agent.
JP25059893A 1993-01-29 1993-10-06 Process for producing aromatic amides Expired - Fee Related JP3765837B2 (en)

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US08/182,460 US5442114A (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-18 Process for producing aromatic amide compounds
DE69404486T DE69404486T3 (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-28 Process for the preparation of aromatic amides for use as cyan couplers in color photography
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