JP3760125B2 - Solar power system - Google Patents

Solar power system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3760125B2
JP3760125B2 JP2001326787A JP2001326787A JP3760125B2 JP 3760125 B2 JP3760125 B2 JP 3760125B2 JP 2001326787 A JP2001326787 A JP 2001326787A JP 2001326787 A JP2001326787 A JP 2001326787A JP 3760125 B2 JP3760125 B2 JP 3760125B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
power
power generation
generated
consumer
solar
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001326787A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003134673A (en
Inventor
義昭 大橋
健二 森貞
勝久 横山
紀彦 二宮
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Nichicon Capacitor Ltd
Sharp Corp
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Nichicon Capacitor Ltd
Sharp Corp
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Priority to JP2001326787A priority Critical patent/JP3760125B2/en
Publication of JP2003134673A publication Critical patent/JP2003134673A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電力会社の回線から交流電力の供給を受ける複数の需要家が、共通に設けられた太陽光発電系統をそれぞれ上記電力会社の回線系統に連系させながら運用する際に、各需要家に対する太陽光発電電力の分配の調整に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、太陽光発電は、クリーンな発電手段として脚光を浴びていること、及び電力会社が余剰電力を買取る制度が出来たこととが相俟って、次第に普及しつつある。
【0003】
図3はそのためのシステムの一例を示す。太陽光パネル1とダイオード2とスイッチ3の直列回路で構成されている太陽光発電部10の発電電力は需要家部20に導かれ、ここでインバータ4で交流に変換された上で電力会社の回線8に連系され、需要家5に供給される。ここで、ダイオード2はインバータ4からの逆電流阻止用の整流器であり、スイッチ3は太陽光パネル1の投入用のスイッチである。また、電力会社回線8とインバータ4の間には、売電用積算電力計6及び買電用積算電力計7が介在している。
【0004】
上述のシステムにおいて、太陽光発電が行なわれていない夜間は、需要家5は専ら電力会社8からの買電電力を消費する。また、太陽光発電が行なわれている昼間でも、需要家5の消費電力が太陽光発電電力より大きいときは不足分を電力会社からの買電電力によって購い、逆に需要家5の消費電力が太陽光発電電力より少ないときは、余剰電力を電力会社の回線8へ向けて販売する。
【0005】
そして買電電力量は買電用積算電力計7に積算され、売電電力量は売電用積算電力計6に積算される。通常は月に一回検針が行なわれ、これらの計器の指示に基づく電力売買量金の清算が行なわれる。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述のように、従来は電力会社は個々の需要家と電力の売買契約を結ぶのが普通であった。しかし最近は、近隣の複数の需要家が共同して太陽光発電設備を設けたいとか、集合住宅に太陽光発電設備を設けて入居者が共同してこれを運用したいなどの要望があり、電力会社が相手方を需要家1人に絞れない場合があり、しかも需要家の相互間では設備の設置場所の提供や出資金の負担などの面での貢献度が違う場合があって、一律の条件で発電設備を利用できないケースが出現しつつある。
【0007】
従って、本発明は、複数の需要家の相互間で太陽光発電電力の利用条件が異なる場合、利用条件に応じて発電電力を配分し、需要家相互間での不公平を除くことを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明においては、複数の需要家は、各自が電力会社の回線から買電用電力量計を経由して電力を購入して利用している。これらの需要家に対して太陽光発電部とその発電電力を測定する電力計測器とが共通に設けられ、かつ各需要家ごとにその電力を交流に変換するインバータと、余剰交流電力を上記電力会社の回線に送る売電用電力量計とが設けられている。そして、上記電力測定器で測定された太陽光発電電力に基づいて各需要家への電力配分量を決定する手段、及びこの決定された配分量に基づいて上記各インバータでそれぞれ変換される電力を制御する手段とを有する。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
太陽光発電電力の配分については、設備の設置への貢献度や出資比率に応じて常に予め定めた比率で配分する方法が先ず考えられる。しかし朝夕や悪天候の発電電力が少ない場合に、全需要家に僅かづつ電力を配分することは無意味で、かつ技術的にも困難を伴うので、適宜選択した一部の需要家だけに配分し、十分な発電が行なわれるようになった時点で配分が無かった需要家に余分に配分するようにしてもよい。また、電力会社との料金清算が通常は1ヶ月毎に行なわれるところから配分が断続的であっても1ヶ月間で不公平を解消させるような配分方法でもよく、更に或る月に不公平を生じてもこれを翌月に繰越して清算するような配分方法でもよい。
【0010】
そして、決定された比率に基づいて各需要家への発電電力の配分を制御する手段としては、インバータを制御するゲート信号の断続、位相、またはデューティサイクルの調節など、各種の手段が存在する。
【0011】
【実施例1】
図1において、10は複数の需要家5a、5b、5c・・・・5nに共用の太陽光発電部で、太陽光パネル1、逆電流阻止用ダイオード2、及び開閉スイッチ3とからなっている。太陽光発電部10の出力は電力計測器9において計測された上で、分配用母線11に至り、そこで分岐されて各需要家ごとの配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4nをそれぞれ経由して各需要家5a、5b、5c・・・・5nに結合されると共に、売電用積算電力計6a、6b、6c・・・・6n及び買電用積算電力計7a、7b、7c・・・・7nをそれぞれ経由して電力会社回線8に結合されている。
【0012】
配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4nはすべて同一構成であるので、配分器4aについて説明すると、分配用母線11からの入力は、電力計測器12及びインバータ13を経由して需要家5aへ向かっている。インバータ13は、断続制御器14または時間幅制御器15によってオン・オフまたは導通時間幅の制御を受けている。
【0013】
16は各需要家への配分電力決定部で、電力計測器9で計測された総発電電力を、電力計測器12で計測された各需要家ごとの計測電力及び各需要家ごとに予め設定されている配分条件を参照して分配し、インバータ13がこれに従う動作を営むように断続制御器14及び時間幅制御器15を制御する。
【0014】
上述の装置において、夜間には太陽光発電部10は発電しないので、電力計測器9は電力を計測せず、配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4n中の断続制御器14は配分電力決定部16の指令によりインバータ13を遮断状態に制御している。
【0015】
朝夕や曇天時には、電力計測器9で計測される発電電力はかなり少ない。この場合、配分電力決定部16は、各需要家の配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4nのうちの一部に対しては断続制御器14に指令を送ってそのインバータ13を遮断状態にし、他の需要家の配分器に対しては時間幅制御器15に指令を送ってインバータ13を予め指定されている時間幅だけ開いて交流への変換を行なわせる。
【0016】
昼間の晴天時には、太陽光発電部10は多量の発電を行い、これが電力計測器9で計測される。すると、配分電力決定部16は各需要家への配分電力を予め定められている条件に従って決定し、各需要家の配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4n中の時間幅制御器15に指令を送ってインバータ13を制御し、各需要家5a、5b、5c・・・・5nへ所定の比率で交流電力を供給する。各需要家は、配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4nから供給される電力に余剰があれば、これを電力会社回線へ向けて売電する。
【0017】
【実施例2】
図2は図1とは異なる実施例を示し、各需要家5a、5b、5c・・・・5nの配分器4a、4b、4c・・・・4n内では、インバータ13に電力制御器17が前置されており、この電力制御器17は配分電力決定部16の指令によって動作する断続制御器14または直流制御器18によってそこを通過する直流電力が制御される。
【0018】
図2に示す回路は、図1に示した回路が直流から交流への変換段階で電力を制御しているのに対し、直流段階で電力を制御するものであり、インバータ13として直流−交流変換だけを行なう汎用品を使用することができる。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によるときは、電力会社と個別に買電契約を結んでいる複数の需要家が、共同して太陽光発電設備を設け、かつその発電電力の使用及び電力会社への余剰電力の売電を公平に行なうことができる。従って、地域社会や複合住宅による太陽光発電の集団的導入が可能になり、かつ発電設備を大型化することによってその設置及び運用を効率よく行なうことが可能になり、資金が乏しい場合でも事業への参画が容易になる。よって、特に商業地においてアーケード上や商業ビルの屋上や壁面などに設置して地域の振興に寄与することもできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による太陽光発電システムの1実施例のブロック図である。
【図2】本発明による太陽光発電システムの他の実施例のブロック図である。
【図3】従来の太陽光発電システムの1例を示すブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1 太陽光パネル
2 ダイオード
3 スイッチ
4a〜4n 配分器
5a〜5n 需要家
6a〜6n 売電用積算電力計
7a〜7n 買電用積算電力計
8 電力会社回線
9 電力計測器
10 太陽光発電部
11 分配用母線
12 電力計測器
13 インバータ
14 断続制御器
15 時間幅制御器
16 配分電力決定部
17 電力制御器
18 直流制御器
20 需要家部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention enables each customer to receive AC power from a power company line when operating a common solar power generation system linked to the power company line system. It relates to the adjustment of the distribution of photovoltaic power to the house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, solar power generation has been gaining popularity as a result of the fact that it has been in the spotlight as a clean power generation means and that a power company has been able to purchase a surplus power.
[0003]
FIG. 3 shows an example of a system for that purpose. The generated power of the solar power generation unit 10 constituted by a series circuit of the solar panel 1, the diode 2 and the switch 3 is led to the consumer unit 20, where it is converted into alternating current by the inverter 4 and then the power company's It is connected to the line 8 and supplied to the customer 5. Here, the diode 2 is a rectifier for blocking a reverse current from the inverter 4, and the switch 3 is a switch for turning on the solar panel 1. Further, between the electric power company line 8 and the inverter 4, there are a power selling integrated wattmeter 6 and a power purchasing integrated wattmeter 7.
[0004]
In the above-described system, the customer 5 exclusively consumes the purchased power from the power company 8 at night when solar power generation is not performed. Further, even during the daytime when solar power generation is performed, if the power consumption of the customer 5 is larger than the solar power generation power, the shortage is purchased by the power purchased from the power company, and conversely the power consumption of the customer 5 Is less than solar power, surplus power is sold to the power company's line 8.
[0005]
Then, the purchased power amount is integrated into the purchased power wattmeter 7, and the sold power amount is integrated into the sold power wattmeter 6. Normally, the meter is read once a month, and the power trading amount is settled based on the instructions of these instruments.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, conventionally, an electric power company normally enters into an electric power sales contract with an individual customer. Recently, however, there have been demands for several nearby customers to jointly install solar power generation facilities, or to install solar power generation facilities in apartment buildings and operate them jointly. The company may not be able to limit the other party to a single customer, and there may be differences in the degree of contribution between the customers in terms of provision of facilities and the burden of funding. In other cases, power generation facilities cannot be used.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to distribute generated power according to usage conditions and eliminate unfairness among consumers when the usage conditions of photovoltaic power generation are different among a plurality of consumers. To do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, each of a plurality of consumers purchases and uses power from a power company line via a power meter for power purchase. A solar power generation unit and a power meter for measuring the generated power are provided in common for these consumers, and an inverter that converts the power into alternating current for each consumer, and surplus alternating power is converted into the above power A watt-hour meter for selling power to be sent to the company line is provided. And the means to determine the power distribution amount to each consumer based on the photovoltaic power generated by the power meter, and the power respectively converted by the inverters based on the determined distribution amount Means for controlling.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Regarding the distribution of photovoltaic power, a method of always allocating at a predetermined ratio according to the degree of contribution to the installation of equipment and the investment ratio is conceivable. However, when there is little generated power in the morning and evening or in bad weather, it is meaningless and technically difficult to distribute power to all customers, so it is only allocated to some selected customers. Alternatively, it may be distributed to consumers who have not been allocated when sufficient power generation is performed. In addition, since the settlement of charges with electric power companies is usually done every month, even if the allocation is intermittent, an allocation method that eliminates unfairness in one month may be used, and further injustice in a certain month Even if it occurs, a distribution method may be used in which it is carried over to the next month and cleared.
[0010]
As means for controlling the distribution of the generated power to each consumer based on the determined ratio, there are various means such as intermittent connection of the gate signal for controlling the inverter, adjustment of the phase, or duty cycle.
[0011]
[Example 1]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a solar power generation unit shared by a plurality of consumers 5 a, 5 b, 5 c,... 5 n, and includes a solar panel 1, a reverse current blocking diode 2, and a switch 3. . The output of the photovoltaic power generation unit 10 is measured by the power meter 9 and then reaches the distribution bus 11 where it branches off and passes through the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,. .., 5n, and a power selling integrated wattmeter 6a, 6b, 6c... 6n and a power purchasing integrated wattmeter 7a, 7b, 7c. ... coupled to the power company line 8 via 7n.
[0012]
Since all of the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,..., 4n have the same configuration, the distributor 4a will be described. The input from the distribution bus 11 is connected to the customer 5a via the power meter 12 and the inverter 13. Heading to. The inverter 13 is controlled to be turned on / off or controlled by the intermittent controller 14 or the time width controller 15.
[0013]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a distribution power determination unit for each consumer. The total generated power measured by the power meter 9 is set in advance for each customer measured by the power meter 12 and for each consumer. The intermittent controller 14 and the time width controller 15 are controlled so that the inverter 13 operates in accordance with the distribution condition.
[0014]
In the above-described apparatus, since the photovoltaic power generation unit 10 does not generate power at night, the power meter 9 does not measure power, and the intermittent controller 14 in the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,. The inverter 13 is controlled to be in a cut-off state by a command from the determination unit 16.
[0015]
In the morning and evening or in cloudy weather, the generated power measured by the power meter 9 is quite small. In this case, the distributed power determination unit 16 sends a command to the intermittent controller 14 for a part of the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,. For other consumer distributors, a command is sent to the time width controller 15 so that the inverter 13 is opened for a predetermined time width and converted to AC.
[0016]
During the daytime weather, the solar power generation unit 10 generates a large amount of power, which is measured by the power meter 9. Then, the allocated power determining unit 16 determines the allocated power to each consumer according to a predetermined condition, and the time width controller 15 in each consumer's distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,. A command is sent to control the inverter 13, and AC power is supplied to each consumer 5a, 5b, 5c,. If there is a surplus in the power supplied from the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,..., 4n, each customer sells the power toward the power company line.
[0017]
[Example 2]
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment different from that in FIG. 1, and in each distributor 5a, 5b, 5c,..., 5n, the power controller 17 is connected to the inverter 13 in the distributors 4a, 4b, 4c,. This power controller 17 is controlled by the intermittent controller 14 or the DC controller 18 which operates according to the command of the distributed power determination unit 16 to control the DC power passing therethrough.
[0018]
The circuit shown in FIG. 2 controls power in the DC stage, whereas the circuit shown in FIG. 1 controls power in the DC to AC conversion stage. It is possible to use a general-purpose product that performs only.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of customers who have signed a power purchase contract with an electric power company jointly install a solar power generation facility, and use the generated electric power and supply the electric power company to the electric power company. Surplus electricity can be sold fairly. Therefore, collective introduction of solar power generation by local communities and complex housing is possible, and by increasing the size of the power generation facilities, it is possible to efficiently install and operate them, so even if funds are scarce Participation becomes easy. Therefore, it can be installed on an arcade or on the roof or wall of a commercial building, especially in a commercial area, and can contribute to the promotion of the region.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional solar power generation system.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar panel 2 Diode 3 Switch 4a-4n Distributor 5a-5n Consumer 6a-6n Electricity-integrated wattmeter 7a-7n Electricity-purchasing integrated wattmeter 8 Electric power company line 9 Electricity meter 10 Solar power generation part 11 Distribution bus 12 Power meter 13 Inverter 14 Intermittent controller 15 Time width controller 16 Distributed power determination unit 17 Power controller 18 DC controller 20 Customer part

Claims (4)

電力会社の回線から交流電力の供給を受ける複数の需要家に対し共通に設けられた太陽光発電部と、これら需要家にそれぞれ設けられ上記太陽光発電部の発電電力を交流電力に変換して上記各需要家に供給するインバータと、上記太陽光発電部の発電電力を測定する電力計測器と、この測定された発電電力に基づいて上記需要家ごとの発電電力の配分量を決定する手段と、上記各インバータを経て上記需要家にそれぞれ供給される発電電力を上記配分量に従って制御する手段とよりなる太陽光発電システム。A solar power generation unit provided in common to a plurality of consumers who receive AC power supplied from the power company line, and the power generated by the solar power generation unit provided to each of these consumers is converted into AC power. An inverter to be supplied to each consumer; a power meter for measuring the generated power of the solar power generation unit; and means for determining a distribution amount of the generated power for each consumer based on the measured generated power A photovoltaic power generation system comprising: means for controlling the generated power supplied to the consumer through the inverters according to the distribution amount. 請求項1において、上記需要家ごとの発電電力の配分量は均等または予め定めた比率に従って決定することを特徴とする太陽光発電システム。2. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the distribution amount of the generated power for each consumer is determined according to an equal or predetermined ratio. 請求項1において、上記需要家ごとの発電電力の配分量は、一定期間ごとに不公平が解消されている所定量に到達するよう決定することを特徴とする太陽光発電システム。2. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the distribution amount of the generated electric power for each consumer is determined so as to reach a predetermined amount in which the unfairness is resolved every predetermined period. 請求項3において、発電電力に応じてこれを配分する需要家数が選択されることを特徴とする太陽光発電システム。4. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the number of consumers to distribute the generated power is selected according to the generated power.
JP2001326787A 2001-10-24 2001-10-24 Solar power system Expired - Fee Related JP3760125B2 (en)

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