JP3744639B2 - Mechanical height measuring method and mechanical height measuring device - Google Patents

Mechanical height measuring method and mechanical height measuring device Download PDF

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JP3744639B2
JP3744639B2 JP07091697A JP7091697A JP3744639B2 JP 3744639 B2 JP3744639 B2 JP 3744639B2 JP 07091697 A JP07091697 A JP 07091697A JP 7091697 A JP7091697 A JP 7091697A JP 3744639 B2 JP3744639 B2 JP 3744639B2
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measuring
distance
reflecting mirror
instrument
long member
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JPH10253357A (en
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邦利 小川
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株式会社ソキア
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、測距測角儀の機械高測定方法及び機械高測定装置に係り、特に測距測角儀で反射鏡を視準することにより簡単かつ正確に機械高を測定できる測距測角儀の機械高測定方法及び機械高測定装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
測量機を用いて測距測角するには、測量機の基準となる所定点(即ち機械高)を知る必要があり、このため従来は、巻尺を使用して機械高を測定していた。しかし巻尺による測定方法は、測定精度が悪く、誤差が多いという不都合があり、機械高を測定するために各種の装置が提案されている。
【0003】
例えば、図14で示すように、特開平5−248865号公報で提案された技術は、光波測距装置1の対物レンズ2前方に配置された第1の光学部材3により光波測距装置1から出射された測定光の光路を下方に直角に変更し、さらにこの第1の光学部材3からの出射光を第2の光学部材4で反射させて前記光路に沿って光波測距装置1に帰還させるという光波測距を行い、光波測距装置1の機械中心Cから第2の光学部材4までの距離を測定し、この距離に基づいて光波測距装置1の機械高Hに相当する距離を得るようにし、光波測距により求まった距離及び第1の光学部材3と第2の光学部材4との位置関係により正確な機械高Hを求めるものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来技術では、機械高を測定するためのみに対物レンズ2に第1の光学部材3を配置する必要があり、取り外しに手間がかかるとともに高価になるという問題がある。また、第2の光学部材4を水平に設置する必要があり、作業に手間がかかるという問題点があった。
【0005】
本発明の目的は、測距測角儀において機械高を容易かつ正確に測定できるようにした測量機の機械高測定方法及び機械高測定装置の提供にある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題は、請求項1に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定方法は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を一箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に斜めに立て、前記測距測角儀によって前記反射鏡を視準してその天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離を測定し、前記天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離と、前記長尺部材の長さと、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることにより解決される
【0007】
上記課題は、請求項2に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定方法は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を二箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に斜めに立て、前記測距測角儀によって前記2つの反射鏡をそれぞれ視準して各天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離を測定し、前記各天頂角と、前記各測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、を使用して前記2つの反射鏡間距離を算出し、前記各天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、前記2つの反射鏡距離を使用して、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度を算出し、前記各天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度を使用して、前記長尺部材と前記鉛直線のなす角度を算出し、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、前記長尺部材と前記鉛直線のなす角度と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度と、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることにより解決される
【0008】
本願請求項3に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定装置は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、一方に石突きを備えた所定長さの長尺部材と、該長尺部材の一箇所に形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記長尺部材の石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置されたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
本願請求項4に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定装置は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材に所定距離離間されて二箇所形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記長尺部材の石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置されたことを特徴とする。
【0010】
本願請求項5に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定装置は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材の一箇所において形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記石突きと前記長尺部材とはL字状になるように形成され、該石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成されたことを特徴とする。
【0011】
本願請求項6に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定装置は、機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材に所定距離離間されて二箇所形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記石突きと前記長尺部材とはL字状になるように形成され、該石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成されたことを特徴とする。
【0012】
請求項3,4における反射鏡を備えた長尺部材は、地面に対して所定の傾斜状態に保持するための紐部材が設けられると好適である。
【0013】
請求項3,4における反射鏡を備えた長尺部材は、地面に対して所定の傾斜状態に保持するための脚が設けられると好適である。
【0014】
請求項4,6における前記長尺部材は伸縮可能であると好適である。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る測距測角儀の機械高測定方法は、機械中心Oが測点Pを通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚40に載置された測距測角儀10の機械高さHを測定するための測距測角儀10の機械高測定方法に関する。反射鏡22を一箇所に設けた長尺部材を測点Pに斜めに立て、測距測角儀10によって反射鏡22を視準してその天頂角αを測定する。また、測距測角儀10から反射鏡22に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22までの距離Lを測定する。そして天頂角αと、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22までの距離Lと、を使用して測距測角儀10の機械高Hを求める。
【0016】
また上記の測距測角儀10の機械高測定方法に使用する機械高測定装置20は、一方に石突き23を備えた所定長さの長尺部材と、この長尺部材の一箇所に形成された反射鏡22と、を備えており、長尺部材の石突き先端23aが反射鏡22の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置するような構成となっている。
【0017】
以上のように、本発明によれば、反射鏡22を備えた機械高測定装置20を用いて、この機械高測定装置20を測点Pに斜めに立て、測距測角儀10で反射鏡22を視準することにより天頂角α及び測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22までの距離Lを測定して、この天頂角αと、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22までの距離Lと、を使用して測距測角儀10の機械高Hを求めているので、測距測角儀10における機械高Hを容易かつ正確に測定することができ、測量作業の効率化と高い精度の測量成果を得ることができる。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、以下に説明する部材,配置等は本発明を限定するものでなく、本発明の趣旨の範囲内で種々改変することができるものである。
【0019】
図1乃至図3は本発明の第1実施例を示すものであり、図1は測距測角儀と機械高測定装置とを示す説明図、図2は機械高測定装置を示す斜視図、図3は測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す説明図である。
【0020】
図1に示すように、測距測角儀10は三脚40上に整準台41を介して載置されている。本例の三脚40は脚頭において、測距測角儀10の載置されている側とは反対側にフック42を有している。
【0021】
本例における測距測角儀本体11は望遠鏡12を有し、架台ケース上に対設された一対の柱13によって回動可能に支承されている。そして測距測角儀10は地上の測点Pの鉛直線上に機械中心(機械原点)Oが来るように求心及び整準されている。
【0022】
本例の機械高測定装置20は測距測角儀の機械高Hを測定するための装置であり、長尺部材であるポール本体21と、反射鏡22と、石突き23とから構成されており、測点Pに斜めに立てられている。
【0023】
本例の機械高測定装置20のポール本体21は一方の端部に石突き23を備え、他方の端部には切欠部24が形成されている。そして本例の反射鏡22は、この切欠部24における、ポール本体21の長尺方向に平行な切欠面24aにおいて反射シートを貼着することにより形成されている。この反射シートは、マイクロプリズムが密集状態に形成された可撓性の透明な反射体で、入射した光を入射方向に向けてそのまま反射する性質を有している。
【0024】
そして反射鏡22において、反射シートの表面側には十字線が形成され、反射鏡22の仮想反射面は切欠部24の切欠面24aに一致する構成となっている。
【0025】
また上記機械高測定装置20において、石突き23の先端部23aが前記反射鏡22の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置するように構成されている。
【0026】
なお機械高測定装置20は次のようにして測点Pに斜めに立てられる。まず、図1及び図2に示すように機械高測定装置20のポール本体21に、紐30を取り付ける。この紐30は、一端部に、ポール本体21に取付け可能な大きさの輪31を形成しており、他端部は三脚40のフック42に掛着するように構成されている。そして前記輪31にポール本体21を通して、この輪31をポール本体21上の、反射鏡22に近い側に位置させる。
【0027】
次に図1で示すようにポール本体21の石突き23の先端部23aを測点Pに位置させる。そして紐30の輪31とは反対側の端部を三脚40のフック42と係合させる。こうすることによりポール本体21は、石突き23が測点P上に位置したままで、紐30の係合した側の端部が、紐30によって三脚40側に引き寄せられる。この結果、ポール本体21は一方の端部が地面から浮き上がって、地面に対して所定の角度で保持される。このとき、反射鏡22が測距測角儀10側を向くようにポール本体21を調整して配置する。
【0028】
図3は、測距測角儀10により機械高測定装置20の反射鏡22を視準して、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから測点Pまでの距離、即ち測距測角儀10の機械高Hの測定方法について説明するものである。
【0029】
まず測距測角儀10から機械高測定装置20の反射鏡22の十字線中心に向けて送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22の十字線中心までの距離Lを求める。また測距測角儀10で反射鏡22を視準することにより、反射鏡22の天頂角αを求める。
【0030】
図3における距離h1は、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22の十字線中心の位置する高さまでの距離であり、距離h2は、反射鏡22の十字線中心の位置する高さから測点Pまでの距離を示すものである。またlはポール本体21における石突き23の先端23aから、反射鏡22の十字線中心までの長さを示しており、この値は既知である。前記求められた測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22までの距離L及び反射鏡22の天頂角α、そして既知であるポール本体の長さlより、次の式によって距離h1及び距離h2が求められる。
【0031】
【式1】

Figure 0003744639
【0032】
また次の式から距離h2を求める。
【0033】
【式2】
Figure 0003744639
【0034】
よって測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから測点Pまでの距離、即ち測距測角儀10の機械高Hは次の式によって求められる。
【0035】
【式3】
Figure 0003744639
【0036】
上記手順を図12の流れ図で説明する。即ち図12は上述した測距測角儀10の機械高測定方法を示した流れ図であり、最初に図示しない測距測角儀10の電源のスイッチを投入すると、ステップS01で常時には待機モードになる。測距測角儀10の機械高Hを測定するときは、ステップS02で機械高測定モードの判定をする。このとき機械高測定モードでなければ、ステップS01の待機モードへ戻る。ステップS02で機械高測定モードであればステップS03で反射鏡を視準して測距測角を行う。ステップS04で機械高を求める計算を行う。ステップS05ではステップS04で計算した機械高の値を表示する。ステップS06ではステップS04で求められた機械高を記憶する。そしてステップS07で機械高測定作業を終了するのであれば、ステップS01の待機モードに戻り、もう一度視準を行うときはステップS03に戻る。
【0037】
図4乃至図6は本発明の第2実施例を示す説明図であり、図4は第2実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す説明図、図5は第2実施例に係る機械高測定装置を示す斜視図、図6は測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す説明図である。本例において、前記実施例と同様部材には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。前記実施例では機械高測定装置20における反射鏡22が1箇所である例を示したが、本実施例においては反射鏡22は所定距離離間して2箇所形成されている。
【0038】
本例における機械高測定装置20の反射鏡22は、図5で示すようにポール本体21に切欠部24を2箇所形成し、この切欠部24におけるポール本体21の長尺方向に平行な切欠面24aへ反射シートを貼着することにより、2つの反射鏡22a及び22bを形成している。
【0039】
そして上記反射鏡22a及び22bにおいて、反射シートの表面側には十字線が形成され、反射鏡22a及び22bの仮想反射面は切欠部24の切欠面24aに一致する構成となっている。
【0040】
また上記機械高測定装置20において、石突き23の先端部23aが前記反射鏡22a及び22bの仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置するように構成されている。
【0041】
そして本例の機械高測定装置20においても、図4で示すように機械高測定装置20のポール本体21に紐30の輪31を係合し、紐30の他方の端部を三脚40のフック42に取り付けられることにより、機械高測定装置20を所定角度で保持する。
【0042】
本例においては、測距測角儀10で機械高測定装置20における2つの反射鏡22a及び22bを視準することにより、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから測点Pまでの距離、即ち測距測角儀10の機械高Hを算出する。
【0043】
図6は、本例における機械高Hの測定方法を示す説明図である。まず、測距測角儀10から機械高測定装置20の反射鏡22a及び22bの十字線中心に向けて送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より、測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから反射鏡22aの十字線中心までの距離L2及び反射鏡22bの十字線中心までの距離L1を求める。また測距測角儀10で反射鏡22a及び反射鏡22bを視準することにより、それぞれ天頂角を求め、この天頂角を使用して、機械中心Oと反射鏡22aの十字線中心とを結ぶ直線と、機械中心Oと測点Pとを結ぶ直線と、がなす角度α2及び機械中心Oと反射鏡22bの十字線中心とを結ぶ直線と、機械中心Oと測点Pとを結ぶ直線と、がなす角度α3を求める。角度α3の値から角度α2の値を差し引くことにより角度α1が求められる。
【0044】
前記測距測角儀10の機械中心Oから2つの反射鏡22a,22bまでの距離L1,L2及び角度α2及び角度α1より、次の式から反射鏡22a,22bそれぞれの十字線中心間における距離mが算出される。
【0045】
【式4】
Figure 0003744639
【0046】
機械中心Oと反射鏡22aとを結ぶ直線とポール本体21とがなす角度θ1と、機械中心Oと反射鏡22bを結ぶ直線とポール本体21とがなす角度θ2とは次の式より求められる。
【0047】
【式5】
Figure 0003744639
【0048】
上記のようにして求められた角度θ1及びθ2より、機械中心Oから測点Pまでの鉛直線と、機械高測定装置20のポール本体21とがなす角度βが次の式により求められる。
【0049】
【式6】
Figure 0003744639
【0050】
そして、次の式により測距測角儀10の機械高Hが求められる。
【0051】
【式7】
Figure 0003744639
【0052】
上記手順を図13の流れ図で説明する。即ち図13は上述した測距測角儀10の機械高測定方法を示した流れ図であり、最初に図示しない測距測角儀10の電源のスイッチを投入すると、ステップS01で常時には待機モードになる。測距測角儀10の機械高Hを測定するときは、ステップS02で機械高測定モードの判定をする。このとき機械高測定モードでなければ、ステップS01の待機モードへ戻る。ステップS02で機械高測定モードであればステップS03−1で反射鏡を視準して測距測角を行う。ステップS03−2ではもう一方の反射鏡を視準して測距測角を行う。ステップS04で機械高を求める計算を行う。ステップS05ではステップS04で計算した機械高の値を表示する。ステップS06ではステップS04で求められた機械高を記憶する。そしてステップS07で機械高測定作業を終了するのであればステップS01の待機モードに戻り、もう一度視準を行うときはステップS03−1に戻る。
【0053】
本例では反射鏡を2箇所設けることにより、ポール本体21の長さ等既知の値を必要とせずに機械高Hを求めることができるので、より効率的かつ正確に機械高Hを求めることができるという効果を得ることができる。
【0054】
またポール本体21の長さが既知である必要がないため、ポール本体21を伸縮自在な構成とすることもできる。例えば、ポール本体21を2本の直径の異なる筒状部材から構成して、この2本の筒を嵌合させて摺動することによりポール本体21を伸縮可能に形成する。このように構成することにより測距測角儀10からより視準しやすい位置に反射鏡22a及び22bを位置させることができる。
【0055】
図7は第1実施例及び第2実施例における機械高測定装置20の他の保持方法を示す説明図である。前記実施例では、機械高測定装置20に紐30を係合し、紐30の他端部を三脚40のフック42に係合させることにより、測点Pにおいて機械高測定装置20を所定の角度で斜めに保持する例を示したが、本例における機械高測定装置20には脚部50が形成され、この脚部50で機械高測定装置20の石突き23を測点Pに位置させたままで他端部を持ち上げることにより機械高測定装置20を保持する構成となっている。
【0056】
本例の機械高測定装置20は、前記実施例と同様の構成であり、ポール本体21と、反射鏡22と、石突き23とから構成されている。本例における機械高測定装置20は、ポール本体21の所定位置において、脚部50が係合している。この脚部50は、複数(本例においては2本)の棒状部材51から構成されており、この棒状部材51は、一方の端部にねじ52を有している。
【0057】
次に前記脚部50を機械高測定装置20のポール本体21に取り付けて、機械高測定装置20を保持する方法について説明する。
【0058】
まず、棒状部材51を、機械高測定装置20のポール本体21上の、反射鏡22に近い方の位置で、ねじ52によってねじ止めする。このときポール本体21を挟むようにして2本の棒状部材51をねじ止めする。また、ポール本体21には予めねじ52を係合するためのねじ孔(図示せず)を形成しておく。
【0059】
以上のように、機械高測定装置20に脚部50を取り付けることにより、図7に示すように機械高測定装置20を所定の角度で斜めに保持することができる。これにより、安定して機械高測定装置20を保持することができる。
【0060】
図8及び図9は本発明の第3実施例を示す説明図であり、図8は第3実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す斜視図、図9は図8におけるA視図である。前記実施例における機械高測定装置20は所定角度で傾斜して配置されている例を示したが、本例の機械高測定装置20は、地面上に布設されている。
【0061】
本例の機械高測定装置20は、ポール本体21と、反射鏡22と、石突き23と、枠体25とから構成されている。
【0062】
図9は、図8における機械高測定装置20のA視図である。本例の機械高測定装置20におけるポール本体21は長尺部材からなり、一方の端部にはポール本体21の長手方向に対して垂直に石突き23が突設されて、石突き23とポール本体21とがL字状になるように形成されている。
【0063】
ポール本体21の他方の端部には枠体25が配設されている。この枠体25は、ポール本体21の長手方向に対して垂直に位置して当接する側壁26と、この側壁26から連続して形成され側壁26に対して垂直に位置する底部27とから構成されている。
【0064】
そして底部27における測距測角儀10側を向いた底面27aに、反射シートを貼着することにより反射鏡22が形成されている。この反射鏡22は、反射シートの表面側に十字線が形成されており、仮想反射面は底面27aに一致するように構成される。
【0065】
また上記反射鏡22において、前記石突き23の先端23aは前記反射鏡22の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成される。
【0066】
本例において測距測角儀10により、機械高測定装置20の反射鏡22を視準して測距測角儀10の機械高Hを測定する方法は前記第1実施例に示した方法と同様である。
【0067】
すなわち本例は次のような態様を示している。機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を一箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に布設し、前記測距測角儀によって前記反射鏡を視準してその天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離を測定し、前記天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離と、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定方法。
【0068】
図10及び図11は本発明の第4実施例を示す説明図であり、図10は第4実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す説明図、図11は図10におけるB視図である。前記第3実施例においては反射鏡22を一箇所形成した例を示したが、本例では反射鏡は2箇所において形成されている。
【0069】
図11は、図10における機械高測定装置20のB視図である。本例のポール本体21は長尺部材からなり、このポール本体21の一方の端部にはポール本体21の長手方向に対して垂直に石突き23が突設されて、石突き23とポール本体21とでL字状になるように形成されている。
【0070】
ポール本体21の他方の端部には枠体25が所定距離離間されて2箇所において配設されている。この枠体25は、ポール本体21の長手方向に対して垂直に位置して当接する側壁26と、この側壁26から連続して形成され側壁26に対して垂直に位置する底部27とから構成されている。
【0071】
この枠体25の底部27における測距測角儀10側を向いた底面27aに、反射シートを貼着することにより反射鏡22を形成するのは前記実施例と同様である。この反射鏡22において、反射シートの表面側には十字線が形成され、仮想反射面は枠体25の底面27aに一致するように構成されている。
【0072】
そして上記反射鏡22において、前記石突き23の先端23aが前記それぞれの反射鏡22の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成される。
【0073】
本例において測距測角儀10により、機械高測定装置20の2つの反射鏡22a及び22bを視準して測距測角儀10の機械高Hを算出する方法は前記第2実施例に示した方法と同様である。
【0074】
このように、反射鏡を2箇所設けることにより、ポール本体21の長さ等既知の値を必要とせずに機械高Hを求めることができるので、より効率的かつ正確に機械高Hを求めることができる。
【0075】
すなわち本例は次のような態様を示している。機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高さを測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を二箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に布設し、前記測距測角儀によって前記2つの反射鏡をそれぞれ視準して各天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離を測定し、前記各天頂角と、前記各測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、を使用して前記2つの反射鏡間距離を算出し、前記天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、前記反射鏡間距離と、前記長尺部材と前記鉛直線のなす角度と、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定方法。
【0076】
上記図10及び図11で示す例では、ポール本体21の長さが既知である必要がないため、ポール本体21を伸縮自在な構成とすることもできる。例えば、ポール本体21を2本の直径の異なる筒状部材から構成して、この2本の筒を嵌合させて摺動することによりポール本体21を伸縮可能に形成する。このように構成することにより測距測角儀10からより視準しやすい位置に反射鏡22を位置させることができる。
【0077】
また図8乃至図11で示す前記第3実施例及び第4実施例は、測距測角儀10に対して所定の角度で機械高測定装置20を保持する必要がなく、直接地面上に布設することにより測量作業を行うことができるので、より簡単に作業を進めることができる。
【0078】
なお、上記実施例においては、反射シートを用いて反射鏡を形成する例を示したが、これに限定されることなくコーナプリズム或いはキャッツアイ等他の方法で形成しても良い。
【0079】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、測距測角儀における機械高を容易かつ正確に測定することができ、測量作業の効率化と高い精度の測量成果を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明の第1実施例に係る機械高測定装置を示す斜視図である。
【図3】測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す説明図である。
【図4】本発明の第2実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す説明図である。
【図5】本発明の第2実施例に係る機械高測定装置を示す斜視図である。
【図6】測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す説明図である。
【図7】第1実施例及び第2実施例における機械高測定装置を保持する他の方法を示す説明図である。
【図8】本発明の第3実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す斜視図である。
【図9】図8におけるA視図である。
【図10】本発明の第4実施例に係る測距測角儀と機械高測定装置を示す説明図である。
【図11】図10におけるB視図である。
【図12】第1実施例及び第3実施例における測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す流れ図である。
【図13】第2実施例及び第4実施例における測距測角儀の機械高測定方法を示す流れ図である。
【図14】従来例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
10 測距測角儀
11 測距測角儀本体
12 望遠鏡
13 柱
20 機械高測定装置
21 ポール本体
22 反射鏡
23 石突き
24 切欠部
25 枠体
26 側壁
27 底部
30 紐
31 輪
40 三脚
41 整準台
42 フック
50 脚部
51 棒状部材
52 ねじ
P 測点
O 機械中心
H 機械高[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mechanical height measuring method and a mechanical height measuring apparatus for a distance measuring finder, and in particular, a distance measuring angle capable of measuring a mechanical height easily and accurately by collimating a reflector with a distance measuring finder. The present invention relates to a mechanical height measuring method and a mechanical height measuring apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to measure a distance using a surveying instrument, it is necessary to know a predetermined point (that is, a machine height) that serves as a reference for the surveying instrument. For this reason, conventionally, a mechanical height is measured using a tape measure. However, the measuring method using a tape measure has the disadvantages of poor measurement accuracy and many errors, and various apparatuses have been proposed for measuring the machine height.
[0003]
For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the technique proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-248865 discloses that the first optical member 3 disposed in front of the objective lens 2 of the light wave distance measuring device 1 can be used from the light wave distance measuring device 1. The light path of the emitted measurement light is changed to a right angle downward, and the light emitted from the first optical member 3 is reflected by the second optical member 4 and returned to the light wave distance measuring device 1 along the optical path. The distance from the machine center C of the light wave distance measuring device 1 to the second optical member 4 is measured, and a distance corresponding to the machine height H of the light wave distance measuring device 1 is determined based on this distance. Thus, an accurate machine height H is obtained from the distance obtained by light wave ranging and the positional relationship between the first optical member 3 and the second optical member 4.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technique, it is necessary to dispose the first optical member 3 on the objective lens 2 only for measuring the machine height, and there is a problem that it takes time to remove and is expensive. Further, the second optical member 4 needs to be installed horizontally, and there is a problem that work is troublesome.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical height measuring method and a mechanical height measuring apparatus for a surveying instrument that can easily and accurately measure the mechanical height in a ranging finder.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above issues According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a mechanical height of a distance measuring horn which is mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is positioned on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. In the mechanical height measuring method of the ranging finder for measuring, a long member provided with a reflecting mirror is set up obliquely at the measuring point, and the reflecting mirror is collimated by the ranging finder. The zenith angle is measured, and the transmission light is emitted from the ranging finder to the reflecting mirror. From the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal, the distance from the mechanical center of the ranging finder to the reflecting mirror is measured. Measure the distance, the zenith angle, the distance from the center of the distance measuring instrument to the reflector, The length of the elongated member; To determine the mechanical height of the range finder Solved by .
[0007]
The above issues According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of measuring a mechanical height of a distance measuring angulation mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is positioned on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. In the mechanical height measuring method of the ranging finder for measuring, a long member provided with reflecting mirrors is set up obliquely at the measuring point, and the two reflecting mirrors are respectively set by the ranging angulation probe. Sighting and measuring each zenith angle, and transmitting light from the ranging finder to the reflecting mirror, from each phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal from the mechanical center of the ranging finder Measure the distance to the reflecting mirror, and calculate the distance between the two reflecting mirrors using the zenith angle and the distance from the machine center of each ranging finder to each reflecting mirror, Using each zenith angle, the distance from the mechanical center of the ranging finder to each reflector, and the two reflector distances, the mechanical center of the ranging angel and each reflector are Calculate the angle formed between the straight line connecting the long member and the zenith angle, and using the angle formed between the long member and the straight line connecting the reflecting mirror and the machine center of the ranging finder. Calculate the angle between the long member and the vertical line, Distance from the center of the distance measuring instrument to each reflector And before An angle formed between the long member and the vertical line; An angle formed between a straight line connecting the mechanical center of the ranging finder and the reflecting mirrors and the long member; To determine the mechanical height of the range finder Solved by .
[0008]
The mechanical height measuring device for a ranging finder according to claim 3 of the present application is a mechanical height measuring device mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the machine center is positioned on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. A measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring horn, a long member of a predetermined length provided with a stone bump on one side, a reflecting mirror formed in one place of the long member, And the tip of the long member is positioned on a plane including a virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror.
[0009]
The mechanical height measuring device for a ranging finder according to claim 4 of the present application is a mechanical height measuring device mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the machine center is located on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. A measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring horn, a long member provided with a stone butt on one side, and a reflecting mirror formed at two positions apart from the long member by a predetermined distance; The tip of the long member is positioned on a plane including a virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror.
[0010]
The mechanical height measuring device for a ranging finder according to claim 5 of the present application is a mechanical height measuring device mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the machine center is located on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. A measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring horn, comprising: a long member provided with a stone bump on one side; and a reflector formed at one place of the long member, The stone bump and the long member are formed in an L shape, and the tip of the stone bump is formed at a position on a plane including the virtual reflection surface of the reflecting mirror.
[0011]
The mechanical height measuring device for a ranging finder according to claim 6 of the present application is a mechanical height measuring device mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the machine center is positioned on a vertical line passing through a measuring point. A measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring horn, a long member provided with a stone butt on one side, and a reflecting mirror formed at two positions apart from the long member by a predetermined distance; The stone bump and the long member are formed to be L-shaped, and the tip of the stone bump is formed at a position on a plane including the virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror. .
[0012]
It is preferable that the long member provided with the reflecting mirror in claims 3 and 4 is provided with a string member for holding the reflector in a predetermined inclined state with respect to the ground.
[0013]
It is preferable that the long member provided with the reflecting mirror in claims 3 and 4 is provided with a leg for holding the reflector in a predetermined inclined state with respect to the ground.
[0014]
It is preferable that the elongated member in claims 4 and 6 is extendable.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method of measuring the height of a distance measuring dome according to the present invention is a method of measuring a distance measuring angel 10 mounted on a tripod 40 for a surveying instrument so that the machine center O is positioned on a vertical line passing through a measuring point P. The present invention relates to a mechanical height measuring method of the ranging finder 10 for measuring the mechanical height H. A long member provided with the reflecting mirror 22 in one place is inclined at the measuring point P, and the reflecting mirror 22 is collimated by the distance measuring angle measuring instrument 10 to measure the zenith angle α. Further, the transmission light is emitted from the ranging finder 10 to the reflecting mirror 22, and the distance L from the mechanical center O of the ranging finder 10 to the reflecting mirror 22 is measured from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal. To do. Then, using the zenith angle α and the distance L from the machine center O of the ranging finder 10 to the reflecting mirror 22, the mechanical height H of the ranging angel 10 is obtained.
[0016]
Further, the mechanical height measuring device 20 used in the mechanical height measuring method of the distance measuring and angulation sphere 10 is formed in a long member having a predetermined length provided with a stone bump 23 on one side, and at one place of the long member. And the reflecting member 22 is configured such that the tip end 23a of the long member is located on a plane including the virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 22.
[0017]
As described above, according to the present invention, the mechanical height measuring device 20 provided with the reflecting mirror 22 is used, the mechanical height measuring device 20 is stood at the measuring point P, and the distance measuring angle measuring instrument 10 reflects the reflecting mirror. 22, the zenith angle α and the distance L from the mechanical center O of the ranging finder 10 to the reflecting mirror 22 are measured, and the zenith angle α and the mechanical center O of the ranging angel 10 are measured. Since the mechanical height H of the ranging finder 10 is obtained using the distance L from the reflector 22 to the reflecting mirror 22, the mechanical height H in the ranging finder 10 can be measured easily and accurately. It is possible to obtain surveying results with high efficiency and high accuracy.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The members, arrangements, and the like described below are not intended to limit the present invention and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention.
[0019]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a range finder and a mechanical height measuring device, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the mechanical height measuring device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a mechanical height measuring method of the ranging finder.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ranging finder 10 is placed on a tripod 40 via a leveling table 41. The tripod 40 of this example has a hook 42 on the opposite side of the leg head from the side on which the ranging finder 10 is placed.
[0021]
The ranging finder main body 11 in this example has a telescope 12 and is rotatably supported by a pair of columns 13 provided on a gantry case. The ranging finder 10 is centered and leveled so that the machine center (machine origin) O is on the vertical line of the measurement point P on the ground.
[0022]
The mechanical height measuring device 20 of this example is a device for measuring the mechanical height H of the ranging finder, and is composed of a pole body 21, which is a long member, a reflecting mirror 22, and a stone thrusting 23. It stands upright at the measuring point P.
[0023]
The pole main body 21 of the machine height measuring device 20 of this example includes a stone protrusion 23 at one end, and a notch 24 is formed at the other end. The reflecting mirror 22 of this example is formed by sticking a reflecting sheet on a notch surface 24 a parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21 in the notch 24. This reflection sheet is a flexible transparent reflector in which microprisms are formed in a dense state, and has a property of reflecting incident light as it is in the incident direction.
[0024]
In the reflecting mirror 22, a cross line is formed on the surface side of the reflecting sheet, and the virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 22 is configured to coincide with the notched surface 24 a of the notched portion 24.
[0025]
Further, the mechanical height measuring device 20 is configured such that the tip portion 23 a of the stone bump 23 is positioned on a plane including the virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 22.
[0026]
The machine height measuring device 20 is set up obliquely at the measuring point P as follows. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the string 30 is attached to the pole body 21 of the mechanical height measuring device 20. The string 30 has a ring 31 of a size that can be attached to the pole body 21 at one end, and the other end is configured to be hooked on a hook 42 of a tripod 40. Then, the pole body 21 is passed through the ring 31, and the ring 31 is positioned on the pole body 21 on the side close to the reflecting mirror 22.
[0027]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip 23 a of the stone butt 23 of the pole body 21 is positioned at the measuring point P. Then, the end of the cord 30 opposite to the ring 31 is engaged with the hook 42 of the tripod 40. As a result, the end of the pole body 21 on the side where the string 30 is engaged is pulled toward the tripod 40 side by the string 30 while the stone protrusion 23 is positioned on the measuring point P. As a result, one end of the pole body 21 is lifted from the ground and is held at a predetermined angle with respect to the ground. At this time, the pole main body 21 is adjusted and arranged so that the reflecting mirror 22 faces the distance measuring and angulation measuring instrument 10 side.
[0028]
FIG. 3 shows the distance from the machine center O of the distance measuring instrument 10 to the measuring point P, that is, the distance measuring instrument 10 by collimating the reflector 22 of the machine height measuring device 20 with the distance measuring instrument 10. A method for measuring 10 machine heights H will be described.
[0029]
First, the transmission light is emitted from the ranging angle measuring instrument 10 toward the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22 of the mechanical height measuring device 20, and the machine of the ranging angle measuring instrument 10 is determined from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal. A distance L from the center O to the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22 is obtained. Further, by collimating the reflecting mirror 22 with the distance measuring instrument 10, the zenith angle α of the reflecting mirror 22 is obtained.
[0030]
Distance h in FIG. 1 Is the distance from the machine center O of the ranging finder 10 to the height at which the center of the crosshair of the reflector 22 is located, and the distance h 2 Indicates the distance from the height of the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22 to the measuring point P. Further, l indicates the length from the tip 23a of the stone protrusion 23 in the pole body 21 to the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22, and this value is known. From the obtained distance L from the machine center O of the ranging finder 10 to the reflecting mirror 22, the zenith angle α of the reflecting mirror 22, and the known length l of the pole body, the distance h is calculated by the following equation. 1 And distance h 2 Is required.
[0031]
[Formula 1]
Figure 0003744639
[0032]
The distance h from the following equation 2 Ask for.
[0033]
[Formula 2]
Figure 0003744639
[0034]
Therefore, the distance from the machine center O of the ranging finder 10 to the measuring point P, that is, the machine height H of the ranging angel 10 is obtained by the following equation.
[0035]
[Formula 3]
Figure 0003744639
[0036]
The above procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. That is, FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the above-described method for measuring the mechanical height of the range finder 10. When the power switch of the range finder 10 (not shown) is first turned on, the standby mode is always set in step S01. Become. When measuring the machine height H of the ranging finder 10, the machine height measurement mode is determined in step S02. If the machine height measurement mode is not selected at this time, the process returns to the standby mode in step S01. If the machine height measurement mode is selected in step S02, the distance measuring angle is measured by collimating the reflecting mirror in step S03. In step S04, a calculation for obtaining the machine height is performed. In step S05, the machine height value calculated in step S04 is displayed. In step S06, the machine height obtained in step S04 is stored. If the machine height measurement operation is terminated in step S07, the process returns to the standby mode in step S01, and returns to step S03 when collimation is performed again.
[0037]
4 to 6 are explanatory views showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a distance measuring horn and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to an example, and FIG. In this example, the same reference numerals are given to the same members as in the above embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the reflecting mirror 22 in the mechanical height measuring device 20 is provided at one location is shown. In this embodiment, the reflecting mirror 22 is formed at two locations separated by a predetermined distance.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 5, the reflecting mirror 22 of the mechanical height measuring device 20 in this example has two notches 24 formed in the pole body 21, and the notch 24 has a notch surface parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21. Two reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b are formed by sticking a reflecting sheet to 24a.
[0039]
In the reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b, crosshairs are formed on the surface side of the reflecting sheet, and the virtual reflecting surfaces of the reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b are configured to coincide with the notched surface 24a of the notched portion 24.
[0040]
Moreover, in the said mechanical height measuring apparatus 20, the front-end | tip part 23a of the stone thrust 23 is comprised so that it may be located on the plane containing the virtual reflective surface of the said reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b.
[0041]
Also in the machine height measuring apparatus 20 of this example, as shown in FIG. 4, the ring 31 of the string 30 is engaged with the pole body 21 of the machine height measuring apparatus 20, and the other end of the string 30 is hooked to the tripod 40. By being attached to 42, the machine height measuring device 20 is held at a predetermined angle.
[0042]
In this example, the distance measuring instrument 10 collimates the two reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b in the mechanical height measuring device 20, and thereby the distance from the machine center O of the distance measuring instrument 10 to the measuring point P, That is, the machine height H of the distance measuring horn 10 is calculated.
[0043]
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring the machine height H in this example. First, transmission light is emitted from the distance measuring instrument 10 toward the center of the crosshairs of the reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b of the mechanical height measuring device 20, and the distance measuring instrument is determined from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal. Distance L from 10 machine center O to center of crosshair of reflecting mirror 22a 2 And the distance L to the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22b 1 Ask for. Further, by collimating the reflecting mirror 22a and the reflecting mirror 22b with the range finder 10, the zenith angle is obtained, and the zenith angle is used to connect the machine center O and the center of the cross line of the reflecting mirror 22a. Angle α formed by the straight line and the straight line connecting machine center O and measuring point P 2 And an angle α formed by a straight line connecting the machine center O and the center of the crosshair of the reflecting mirror 22b and a straight line connecting the machine center O and the measuring point P. Three Ask for. Angle α Three The angle α 2 By subtracting the value of 1 Is required.
[0044]
The distance L from the machine center O of the distance measuring horn 10 to the two reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b 1 , L 2 And angle α 2 And angle α 1 Thus, the distance m between the crosshair centers of the reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b is calculated from the following equation.
[0045]
[Formula 4]
Figure 0003744639
[0046]
Angle θ formed by a straight line connecting the machine center O and the reflecting mirror 22a and the pole body 21 1 And the angle θ between the straight line connecting the machine center O and the reflecting mirror 22b and the pole body 21 2 Is obtained from the following equation.
[0047]
[Formula 5]
Figure 0003744639
[0048]
The angle θ obtained as described above 1 And θ 2 Thus, the angle β formed by the vertical line from the machine center O to the measuring point P and the pole body 21 of the machine height measuring device 20 is obtained by the following equation.
[0049]
[Formula 6]
Figure 0003744639
[0050]
And the machine height H of the distance measuring instrument 10 is calculated | required by the following formula | equation.
[0051]
[Formula 7]
Figure 0003744639
[0052]
The above procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. That is, FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the above-described method for measuring the mechanical height of the range finder 10. When the power switch of the range finder 10 (not shown) is first turned on, the standby mode is always set in step S01. Become. When measuring the machine height H of the ranging finder 10, the machine height measurement mode is determined in step S02. If the machine height measurement mode is not selected at this time, the process returns to the standby mode in step S01. If the machine height measurement mode is selected in step S02, the distance measuring angle is measured by collimating the reflecting mirror in step S03-1. In step S03-2, the other reflection mirror is collimated to perform distance measurement. In step S04, a calculation for obtaining the machine height is performed. In step S05, the machine height value calculated in step S04 is displayed. In step S06, the machine height obtained in step S04 is stored. If the machine height measurement operation is completed in step S07, the process returns to the standby mode in step S01, and returns to step S03-1 when collimation is performed again.
[0053]
In this example, by providing two reflecting mirrors, the machine height H can be obtained without requiring a known value such as the length of the pole body 21, so that the machine height H can be obtained more efficiently and accurately. The effect that it is possible can be obtained.
[0054]
In addition, since the length of the pole body 21 does not need to be known, the pole body 21 can be configured to be stretchable. For example, the pole main body 21 is composed of two cylindrical members having different diameters, and the two main cylinders are fitted and slid to form the pole main body 21 so as to be extendable and contractible. By configuring in this way, the reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b can be positioned at positions where the collimating angle measuring instrument 10 is more easily collimated.
[0055]
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another holding method of the machine height measuring device 20 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In the embodiment, the machine height measuring device 20 is engaged with the machine height measuring device 20, and the other end of the string 30 is engaged with the hook 42 of the tripod 40. However, the leg 50 is formed on the mechanical height measuring device 20 in this example, and the butt 23 of the mechanical height measuring device 20 is positioned at the measuring point P with the leg 50. The mechanical height measuring device 20 is held by lifting the other end.
[0056]
The machine height measuring device 20 of this example has the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment, and includes a pole main body 21, a reflecting mirror 22, and a stone thrust 23. In the machine height measuring device 20 in this example, the leg portion 50 is engaged at a predetermined position of the pole body 21. The leg portion 50 is composed of a plurality (two in this example) of rod-like members 51, and the rod-like member 51 has a screw 52 at one end.
[0057]
Next, a method of holding the mechanical height measuring device 20 by attaching the leg portion 50 to the pole body 21 of the mechanical height measuring device 20 will be described.
[0058]
First, the rod-like member 51 is screwed with a screw 52 at a position on the pole body 21 of the mechanical height measuring device 20 that is closer to the reflecting mirror 22. At this time, the two rod-shaped members 51 are screwed so as to sandwich the pole body 21. The pole body 21 is previously formed with a screw hole (not shown) for engaging the screw 52.
[0059]
As described above, by attaching the leg portion 50 to the mechanical height measuring device 20, the mechanical height measuring device 20 can be held obliquely at a predetermined angle as shown in FIG. Thereby, the machine height measuring device 20 can be stably held.
[0060]
8 and 9 are explanatory views showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a ranging finder and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment, and FIG. It is A view. Although the example in which the machine height measuring device 20 in the above-described embodiment is arranged to be inclined at a predetermined angle is shown, the machine height measuring device 20 of this example is laid on the ground.
[0061]
The machine height measuring device 20 of this example includes a pole main body 21, a reflecting mirror 22, a stone thrust 23, and a frame body 25.
[0062]
FIG. 9 is a view A of the machine height measuring device 20 in FIG. The pole body 21 in the machine height measuring device 20 of the present example is made of a long member, and a stone bump 23 is provided perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21 at one end. The main body 21 is formed in an L shape.
[0063]
A frame body 25 is disposed at the other end of the pole body 21. The frame body 25 includes a side wall 26 that is positioned perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21 and abutting, and a bottom portion 27 that is formed continuously from the side wall 26 and is positioned perpendicular to the side wall 26. ing.
[0064]
The reflecting mirror 22 is formed by sticking a reflecting sheet to the bottom surface 27a of the bottom portion 27 facing the ranging finder 10 side. The reflecting mirror 22 is formed such that a crosshair is formed on the surface side of the reflecting sheet, and the virtual reflecting surface coincides with the bottom surface 27a.
[0065]
In the reflecting mirror 22, the tip 23 a of the stone protrusion 23 is formed at a position on a plane including the virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 22.
[0066]
In this example, the method of measuring the mechanical height H of the distance measuring horn 10 by collimating the reflecting mirror 22 of the mechanical height measuring device 20 with the distance measuring horn 10 is the same as the method shown in the first embodiment. It is the same.
[0067]
That is, this example shows the following aspects. In the method of measuring the height of a distance measuring angulation instrument for measuring the height of the distance measuring angulation mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is positioned on a vertical line passing through the measuring point, reflection is performed. A long member provided with a mirror in one place is laid at the measuring point, the reflecting mirror is collimated by the ranging finder and the zenith angle is measured, and the reflection from the ranging finder The transmission light is emitted to the mirror, the distance from the center of the ranging finder to the reflecting mirror is measured from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal, and the zenith angle and the ranging finder A mechanical height measuring method for a distance measuring angulation finder, wherein a mechanical height of the distance measuring angel is determined using a distance from a center to a reflecting mirror.
[0068]
10 and 11 are explanatory views showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a distance measuring horn and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. FIG. In the third embodiment, an example in which the reflecting mirror 22 is formed at one place is shown, but in this example, the reflecting mirror is formed at two places.
[0069]
FIG. 11 is a B view of the machine height measuring device 20 in FIG. The pole body 21 of the present example is made of a long member, and one end of the pole body 21 is provided with a stone thrust 23 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21 so that the stone thrust 23 and the pole body 21 to form an L shape.
[0070]
At the other end of the pole body 21, a frame body 25 is disposed at two locations separated by a predetermined distance. The frame body 25 includes a side wall 26 that is positioned perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the pole body 21 and abutting, and a bottom portion 27 that is formed continuously from the side wall 26 and is positioned perpendicular to the side wall 26. ing.
[0071]
The reflecting mirror 22 is formed by sticking a reflecting sheet on the bottom surface 27a of the bottom 27 of the frame 25 facing the distance measuring and angulation rim 10 side, as in the above embodiment. In the reflecting mirror 22, a cross line is formed on the surface side of the reflecting sheet, and the virtual reflecting surface is configured to coincide with the bottom surface 27 a of the frame body 25.
[0072]
In the reflecting mirror 22, the tip 23 a of the stone protrusion 23 is formed at a position on a plane including the virtual reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror 22.
[0073]
In this example, the method of calculating the mechanical height H of the distance measuring horn 10 by collimating the two reflecting mirrors 22a and 22b of the mechanical height measuring apparatus 20 with the distance measuring horn 10 is the same as that of the second embodiment. It is the same as the method shown.
[0074]
In this way, by providing two reflecting mirrors, the machine height H can be obtained without requiring a known value such as the length of the pole body 21, so that the machine height H can be obtained more efficiently and accurately. Can do.
[0075]
That is, this example shows the following aspects. In the method of measuring the height of the distance measuring instrument for measuring the height of the distance measuring instrument mounted on the tripod for the surveying instrument so that the machine center is located on the vertical line passing through the measuring point, A long member provided with two reflecting mirrors is laid at the measuring point, and the two reflecting mirrors are collimated by the distance measuring angle measuring instrument to measure each zenith angle, and the distance measuring angle measuring Measuring the distance from the center of the ranging angle measuring instrument to each reflecting mirror based on the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal from the beam to the reflecting mirror, each zenith angle, each said The distance between the two mirrors is calculated using the distance from the machine center of the ranging finder to each reflector, and the zenith angle and each reflector from the machine center of the ranging angel The distance measuring angle measuring instrument using the distance between the reflecting mirror and the angle between the elongated member and the vertical line. Ranging measurement SumiTadashi the instrument height measuring method and obtaining the instrument height.
[0076]
In the example shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, it is not necessary to know the length of the pole body 21, so that the pole body 21 can be configured to be extendable. For example, the pole main body 21 is composed of two cylindrical members having different diameters, and the two main cylinders are fitted and slid to form the pole main body 21 so as to be extendable and contractible. With this configuration, the reflecting mirror 22 can be positioned at a position where the collimating angle measuring instrument 10 can be collimated more easily.
[0077]
Further, the third and fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 do not need to hold the mechanical height measuring device 20 at a predetermined angle with respect to the ranging finder 10 and are laid directly on the ground. By doing so, the surveying work can be performed, so that the work can be proceeded more easily.
[0078]
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which a reflecting mirror is formed using a reflecting sheet is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other methods such as a corner prism or a cat's eye may be used.
[0079]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately measure the machine height in the ranging finder, and it is possible to increase the efficiency of surveying work and obtain a highly accurate survey result.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a ranging finder and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a machine height measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a mechanical height measuring method of a ranging finder.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a ranging finder and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a machine height measuring apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a mechanical height measuring method of a ranging finder.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another method for holding the machine height measuring device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a ranging finder and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view on A in FIG.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a ranging finder and a mechanical height measuring apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a view as seen from B in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a mechanical height measuring method of the ranging finder according to the first embodiment and the third embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a mechanical height measuring method of a distance measuring horn in the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Ranging angle measuring instrument
11 Ranging angle measuring instrument body
12 Telescope
13 pillars
20 Mechanical height measuring device
21 pole body
22 Reflector
23 Ishibuchi
24 Notch
25 frame
26 side wall
27 Bottom
30 strings
31 wheels
40 tripod
41 Leveling table
42 hook
50 legs
51 Rod-shaped member
52 screws
P station
O Machine center
H Machine height

Claims (9)

機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を一箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に斜めに立て、前記測距測角儀によって前記反射鏡を視準してその天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離を測定し、前記天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から反射鏡までの距離と、前記長尺部材の長さと、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定方法。In a measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is positioned on a vertical line passing through the measuring point, the reflection is performed. A long member provided with a mirror in one place is inclined at the measuring point, and the reflecting mirror is collimated by the ranging finder and the zenith angle is measured. The transmission light is emitted to the reflecting mirror, the distance from the mechanical center of the ranging finder to the reflecting mirror is measured from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal, and the zenith angle and the ranging finder A method for measuring a mechanical height of a distance measuring angulation instrument, comprising: obtaining a mechanical height of the distance measuring angel using a distance from a machine center to a reflecting mirror and a length of the elongated member . 機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定方法において、反射鏡を二箇所に設けた長尺部材を前記測点に斜めに立て、前記測距測角儀によって前記2つの反射鏡をそれぞれ視準して各天頂角を測定するとともに、前記測距測角儀から前記反射鏡に送信光を出射してその受信信号と基準信号との位相差より測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離を測定し、
前記各天頂角と、前記各測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、を使用して前記2つの反射鏡間距離を算出し、
前記各天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、前記2つの反射鏡距離を使用して、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度を算出し、
前記各天頂角と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度を使用して、前記長尺部材と前記鉛直線のなす角度を算出し、
記測距測角儀の機械中心から各反射鏡までの距離と、前記長尺部材と前記鉛直線のなす角度と、前記測距測角儀の機械中心と前記各反射鏡を結ぶ直線と前記長尺部材のなす角度と、を使用して前記測距測角儀の機械高を求めることを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定方法。
In a measuring instrument for measuring a distance measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is positioned on a vertical line passing through the measuring point, the reflection is performed. A long member provided with two mirrors is set up obliquely at the measurement point, and each of the two reflecting mirrors is collimated by the distance measuring angel to measure each zenith angle, and the distance measuring angle Measure the distance from the center of the distance measuring instrument to each reflector from the phase difference between the received signal and the reference signal by emitting transmission light from the instrument to the reflector,
Calculate the distance between the two reflectors using the zenith angle and the distance from the mechanical center of each ranging finder to each reflector,
Using each zenith angle, the distance from the mechanical center of the ranging finder to each reflector, and the two reflector distances, the mechanical center of the ranging angel and each reflector are Calculate the angle formed by the straight line and the long member,
The angle formed by the long member and the vertical line is calculated using the zenith angle, the straight line connecting the mechanical center of the ranging finder and the reflecting mirror, and the angle formed by the long member. ,
A straight line connecting the distance from the mechanical center of the front Symbol ranging measurements SumiTadashi to each reflecting mirror, and the angle before and Kichoshaku member the vertical line, the machine center of the distance measuring measuring SumiTadashi the respective reflecting mirrors And the angle formed by the elongate member is used to determine the mechanical height of the distance measuring angulation instrument.
機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、
一方に石突きを備えた所定長さの長尺部材と、該長尺部材の一箇所に形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記長尺部材の石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置されたことを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。
A measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is located on a vertical line passing through the measuring point. ,
A long member having a predetermined length with a stone bump on one side, and a reflecting mirror formed at one place of the long member, and the tip of the stone bump of the long member is a virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror An apparatus for measuring the mechanical height of a ranging finder, characterized by being positioned on a plane including
機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、
一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材に所定距離離間されて二箇所形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記長尺部材の石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上に位置されたことを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。
A measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is located on a vertical line passing through the measuring point. ,
A long member provided with a stone thruster on one side, and a reflecting mirror formed at two positions apart from the long member by a predetermined distance, and the tip of the stone thrusting of the long member is a virtual reflecting surface of the reflector An apparatus for measuring the mechanical height of a ranging finder, characterized by being positioned on a plane including
機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、
一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材の一箇所において形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記石突きと前記長尺部材とはL字状になるように形成され、該石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成されたことを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。
A measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is located on a vertical line passing through the measuring point. ,
A long member provided with a stone thruster on one side, and a reflecting mirror formed at one location of the long member, the stone thrusting and the long member are formed to be L-shaped, An apparatus for measuring a mechanical height of a ranging finder, wherein the tip of the stone bump is formed at a position on a plane including a virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror.
機械中心が測点を通る鉛直線上に位置するように測量機用の三脚に載置された測距測角儀の機械高を測定するための測距測角儀の機械高測定装置であって、
一方に石突きを備えた長尺部材と、該長尺部材に所定距離離間されて二箇所形成された反射鏡と、を備え、前記石突きと前記長尺部材とはL字状になるように形成され、該石突き先端が前記反射鏡の仮想反射面を含む平面上の位置に形成されたことを特徴とする測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。
A measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument for measuring a measuring instrument mounted on a tripod for a surveying instrument so that the center of the machine is located on a vertical line passing through the measuring point. ,
A long member provided with a stone thruster on one side and a reflecting mirror formed at a predetermined distance from the long member, and the stone thruster and the long member are formed in an L shape. An apparatus for measuring the height of a distance measuring gonometer, wherein the tip of the stone butt is formed at a position on a plane including a virtual reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror.
前記反射鏡を備えた長尺部材は、地面に対して所定の傾斜状態に保持するための紐部材が設けられたことを特徴とする請求項3,4いずれか記載の測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。The long member provided with the reflecting mirror is provided with a string member for holding the reflector in a predetermined inclined state with respect to the ground. Mechanical height measuring device. 前記反射鏡を備えた長尺部材は、地面に対して所定の傾斜状態に保持するための脚が設けられたことを特徴とする請求項3,4いずれか記載の測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。5. The distance measuring and angulation machine according to claim 3, wherein the long member including the reflecting mirror is provided with a leg for holding the elongated member in a predetermined inclined state with respect to the ground. High measuring device. 前記長尺部材は伸縮可能であることを特徴とする請求項4,6いずれか記載の測距測角儀の機械高測定装置。7. The apparatus for measuring a height of a ranging finder according to claim 4, wherein the elongate member is extendable.
JP07091697A 1997-03-10 1997-03-10 Mechanical height measuring method and mechanical height measuring device Expired - Fee Related JP3744639B2 (en)

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